2023届高考英语复习备考阅读训练：史上最小飞行器诞生+等3则（word版有答案）
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| 名称 | 2023届高考英语复习备考阅读训练：史上最小飞行器诞生+等3则（word版有答案） |  | |
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| 科目 | 英语 | ||
| 更新时间 | 2022-07-20 15:51:26 | ||
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同源高考阅读训练：史上最小飞行器诞生 等3则 2023届高考英语复习备考
来自美国西北大学的一个研究团队，通过研究借风播散的种子，成功研发出迄今为止最小的微型飞行器。
1 It’s raining microchips. One day， they could float gently through the air while gathering environmental data， land on the ground and then disappear when their work is done. That s the future a team of engineers sees for what they’re calling “micro flier”， a tiny winged microchip with designs inspired by nature.
2 The accomplishment belongs to a team of scientists at the Northwestern University in Illinois， who developed the micro flier， a flying microchip that spins like a helicopter. This thing is the size of a grain of sand but with small wings and an aerodynamic （流线型的） design that allows it to fall in a controlled manner thanks to its barely visible propellers.
3 How does that work？ Well， the engineers used nature s “manual” to get their inspiration for the micro flier， analyzing the behavior of various types of wind spread seeds. Instead of using a motor or engine， the tiny flying microchip uses the power of wind to catch a flight， spinning across the ground at a low speed. It is a stable flight， and the micro flier can stand in the air for a long time， which is why it could prove to be useful for a variety of applications.
4 While nature has designed seeds with very sophisticated aerodynamics， the Northwestern team claims its micro flier is better， as it is even smaller and its structure allows it to fall with more stable paths and at slower speeds than equivalent （相当的） seeds from plants or trees.
5 The engineers built the flying structure to be used for purposes such as population surveillance， pollution monitoring， disease tracking， to give just a few examples. And while this might look like a simple， limited device right now， researchers see its potential for becoming a highly functional electronic device. The micro flier can be equipped with really sophisticated technology， such as tiny sensors， antennas （天线） for wireless communication， or embedded （嵌入的） memory for data storage.
Choose the best answers according to the text
Detail 1. What gave the scientists inspiration for the micro flier？
A. Helicopters. B. Flying birds.
C. Falling seeds. D. Raindrops.
Detail 2. What is the micro flier powered by？
A. Wind. B. Electricity.
C. An engine. D. Solar energy.
Detail 3. Which is one advantage of the micro flier over nature s work？
A. It produces less noise.
B. It carries more weight.
C. It flies along designed paths.
D. It can stay in the air for a long time.
Gist 4. The last paragraph focuses on the micro fliers .
A. working principle B. development process
C. potential market D. accomplished tasks
Analyze some difficult sentences in the text
1. This thing is the size of a grain of sand but with small wings and an aerodynamic design that allows it to fall in a controlled manner thanks to its barely visible propellers. 这种飞行器只有一粒沙子那么大，但是它有微型双翼和流线型的设计外形。由于它的这种设计和它肉眼难见的螺旋桨，它能够以一种可控的方式降落。
【点石成金】
本句是一个复合句。主句是This thing is the size of a grain of sand but...design，that引导定语从句，先行词是design.
2. It is a stable flight， and the micro flier can stand in the air for a long time， which is why it could prove to be useful for a variety of applications. 这种微型飞行器飞行稳定，能在空中长时间停留，所以它可能被用于各种用途。
【点石成金】
本句是一个复合句，句中and连接两个并列句;which引导的是一个非限制性定语从句，在这个非限制性定语从句中有一个why引导的表语从句。
黑尾鹬刷新鸟类飞行纪录
黑尾鹬是一种耐力极强的鸟，以不吃不喝且不停歇地长距离飞行而著称。这种鸟创下了不停歇地从阿拉斯加飞到新西兰的世界鸟类迁徙纪录，飞行距离长达12，000千米。
1 Every time you see a bird， there is a chance that you may be looking at the greatest marathon athlete in the world， particularly if you live in the US state of Alaska in late summer， and happen upon a bar tailed godwit （黑尾鹬）.
2 These little birds were recently found to travel 7，500 miles （12，000 kilometers） in a nonstop flight of 11 days from Alaska to the Firth of Thames near Auckland， New Zealand. It’s not the longest migration ever—that title goes to the Arctic tern （燕鸥） which goes from the Arctic to the Antarctic along the west coast of North and South America or straight down the Atlantic every year for a total of around 14，000 kilometers. However， it is the longest nonstop flight known to scientists.
3 Unlike the tern， the godwit weighs a much heavier one fifth to four fifths of a pound， and relies on a muscular build much like a modern jet with narrow pointed wings and a smooth body to reduce air drag. Despite these advantages which allow it to flap its wings nearly uninterruptedly for the entire journey， how can a small bird that lives for a few years navigate for days over nothing but empty ocean to arrive in New Zealand？
4 Some scientists have shown birds use the sun as orientation， but there is also evidence of migration as a learned skill—one study showing that adult raptors （猛） were better at course correcting for wind than juveniles， suggesting that experience comes into play. Another thought is that some birds may use electromagnetic sensory equipment that allows them to “see” the magnetic field in a way that humans cannot.
5 Even with the help of a magnetic compass， the record breaking bar tailed godwit， known as 4 BBRW， departed from Alaska and passed over the Aleutian Islands in a 224 hour flight without sleep over open ocean and with no land markers to use as visual guidance. At one point he faced winds that blew so hard that he was being blown off course towards Australia. Amazingly， he managed to correct his flight path.
Choose the best answers according to the text
Detail 1. What can we know about the godwit？
A. It lives in Alaska State all year round.
B. It flies the longest distance during migration.
C. It holds the record for the longest nonstop flight.
D. It migrates along the west coast of North America.
Detail 2. What s ;the Arctic tern s advantage over the godwit in flying？
A. It has a lighter body weight.
B. It’s shaped like a modern jet.
C. It has narrower pointed wings.
D. It is better at adjusting its flying path.
Gist 3. What s the author s purpose in writing Para. 4？
A. To give examples. B. To analyze causes.
C. To describe details. D. To make comparisons.
Detail 4. Which of the following can best describe the godwit s migration？
A. Surprising. B. Cooperative.
C. Well prepared. D. Vision depending.
Ⅰ. Analyze some difficult sentences in the text
1. Unlike the tern， the godwit weighs a much heavier one fifth to four fifths of a pound， and relies on a muscular build much like a modern jet with narrow pointed wings and a smooth body to reduce air drag.
与北极燕鸥相比，黑尾鹬的体重要比燕鸥重五分之一到五分之四磅，它的飞行依赖于与现代喷气式飞机结构相似的肌肉结构，尖锐的翅膀和平滑的身体曲线大大减少了空气阻力。
【点石成金】
本句中and连接两个并列的谓语，with结构作后置定语。
2. Another thought is that some birds may use electromagnetic sensory equipment that allows them to “see” the magnetic field in a way that humans cannot.
还有一种观点认为，一些鸟类可能会使用电磁感应设备，这种功能可以让鸟“看到”人类不能看到的磁场。
【点石成金】
本句是一个复合句。第一个that引导的是表语从句，第二个that引导的是一个定语从句，该从句的先行词是equipment。
数字食品的未来
数字技术在我们的生活中起着越来越重要的作用。科学家们不仅研制出了3D打印鸡肉，还找到了一种特殊的烹制方法，那就是通过激光技术烹制3D打印鸡肉。
1 “I am eager to enjoy a 3D printed roasted chicken. No， wait. It would be better laser cooked，” could be the kind of order you ll hear in restaurants a few years from now. The Digital Foods team at Columbia University finally found a way to prepare laboratory meat to make it more edible.
2 Scientists have experimented with printed food since 2007. However， there was a big problem： they couldn’t t find a way to cook it， since it doesn’t t behave the same as traditional food. Until recently， they found that lasers would be the best substitute for pans when it comes to 3D printed meat. With this， it can have an appearance， taste and texture similar to natural meat foods.
3 For this project， scientists first prepared a “chicken meat pure （果泥）” with real ground meat， which was used to model different shapes with a 3D printer. Then， they put the laboratory chicken samples under a laser that sent pulses of light to stir the meat and thus heat it. This cooking process took between 5 and 14 minutes. The results showed that the meat cooked with a laser shrank 50% less and retained twice the moisture， that is， it was juicier. In addition， it released more flavor than those with other methods.
4 In the study， researchers say that the secret of the seasoning is to emit laser pulses at different wave amplitudes. For example， a blue laser goes through better to cook the inside of the meat， while the infrared laser works to brown the outside of the piece. After testing 3D laser chicken， researchers say it tastes better than traditional baked meat.
5 While digital food seems more like science fiction， preparing food on a 3D printer is now a reality. Today this technology has progressed so much that it is possible to create various ingredients and dishes.
6 The developers of this project hope that in the future anyone can have access to a 3D food printer and print any dish they want as if it were a kitchen recipe. One of the main obstacles is that there is no sustainable ecosystem behind it， so they consider a type of “Food CAD”， a piece of software that is a combination of AutoCAD and Photoshop， as well as a kind of digital cookbook for this new future kitchen should be developed.
Choose the best answers according to the text
Detail 1. What was the initial problem with printed food？
A. It couldn’t t be cooked. B. Its taste might be poor.
C. It wasn’t t edible. D. It had no nutrients.
Inference 2. What can we know about the chicken that was laser cooked？
A. It is much drier.
B. It tastes much better.
C. It isn’t easy to cook well.
D. It’s similar to traditional food.
Detail 3. What’s the key point that determines the chicken s taste？
A. The laser pulses. B. The cooking time.
C. The effect of 3D print. D. The size of the chicken.
Inference 4. What can we infer from the last paragraph？
A. 3D printed food will become very popular.
B. A 3D printer is enough for the future s kitchen.
C. There is a long way to go for digital food.
D. Any dish is possible with the help of a 3D printer.
Analyze some difficult sentences in the text
1. Until recently， they found that lasers would be the best substitute for pans when it comes to 3D printed meat.
直到最近，当谈及3D打印肉类时，他们发现激光是平底锅的最佳替代品。
【点石成金】
本句中，when it comes to...为固定句型，意为“当谈及……时”。
2. For example， a blue laser goes through better to cook the inside of the meat， while the infrared laser works to brown the outside of the piece. 例如，蓝色激光能更好地穿透肉的内部，而红外激光则能使肉的外部变成褐色。
【点石成金】
本句中，while表示对比，意为“然而”。
答案；
史上最小飞行器诞生
Reading Check
1～4 CADC
黑尾鹬刷新鸟类飞行纪录
Reading Check
1～4 CABA
数字食品的未来
Reading Check
1～4 BBAC
来自美国西北大学的一个研究团队，通过研究借风播散的种子，成功研发出迄今为止最小的微型飞行器。
1 It’s raining microchips. One day， they could float gently through the air while gathering environmental data， land on the ground and then disappear when their work is done. That s the future a team of engineers sees for what they’re calling “micro flier”， a tiny winged microchip with designs inspired by nature.
2 The accomplishment belongs to a team of scientists at the Northwestern University in Illinois， who developed the micro flier， a flying microchip that spins like a helicopter. This thing is the size of a grain of sand but with small wings and an aerodynamic （流线型的） design that allows it to fall in a controlled manner thanks to its barely visible propellers.
3 How does that work？ Well， the engineers used nature s “manual” to get their inspiration for the micro flier， analyzing the behavior of various types of wind spread seeds. Instead of using a motor or engine， the tiny flying microchip uses the power of wind to catch a flight， spinning across the ground at a low speed. It is a stable flight， and the micro flier can stand in the air for a long time， which is why it could prove to be useful for a variety of applications.
4 While nature has designed seeds with very sophisticated aerodynamics， the Northwestern team claims its micro flier is better， as it is even smaller and its structure allows it to fall with more stable paths and at slower speeds than equivalent （相当的） seeds from plants or trees.
5 The engineers built the flying structure to be used for purposes such as population surveillance， pollution monitoring， disease tracking， to give just a few examples. And while this might look like a simple， limited device right now， researchers see its potential for becoming a highly functional electronic device. The micro flier can be equipped with really sophisticated technology， such as tiny sensors， antennas （天线） for wireless communication， or embedded （嵌入的） memory for data storage.
Choose the best answers according to the text
Detail 1. What gave the scientists inspiration for the micro flier？
A. Helicopters. B. Flying birds.
C. Falling seeds. D. Raindrops.
Detail 2. What is the micro flier powered by？
A. Wind. B. Electricity.
C. An engine. D. Solar energy.
Detail 3. Which is one advantage of the micro flier over nature s work？
A. It produces less noise.
B. It carries more weight.
C. It flies along designed paths.
D. It can stay in the air for a long time.
Gist 4. The last paragraph focuses on the micro fliers .
A. working principle B. development process
C. potential market D. accomplished tasks
Analyze some difficult sentences in the text
1. This thing is the size of a grain of sand but with small wings and an aerodynamic design that allows it to fall in a controlled manner thanks to its barely visible propellers. 这种飞行器只有一粒沙子那么大，但是它有微型双翼和流线型的设计外形。由于它的这种设计和它肉眼难见的螺旋桨，它能够以一种可控的方式降落。
【点石成金】
本句是一个复合句。主句是This thing is the size of a grain of sand but...design，that引导定语从句，先行词是design.
2. It is a stable flight， and the micro flier can stand in the air for a long time， which is why it could prove to be useful for a variety of applications. 这种微型飞行器飞行稳定，能在空中长时间停留，所以它可能被用于各种用途。
【点石成金】
本句是一个复合句，句中and连接两个并列句;which引导的是一个非限制性定语从句，在这个非限制性定语从句中有一个why引导的表语从句。
黑尾鹬刷新鸟类飞行纪录
黑尾鹬是一种耐力极强的鸟，以不吃不喝且不停歇地长距离飞行而著称。这种鸟创下了不停歇地从阿拉斯加飞到新西兰的世界鸟类迁徙纪录，飞行距离长达12，000千米。
1 Every time you see a bird， there is a chance that you may be looking at the greatest marathon athlete in the world， particularly if you live in the US state of Alaska in late summer， and happen upon a bar tailed godwit （黑尾鹬）.
2 These little birds were recently found to travel 7，500 miles （12，000 kilometers） in a nonstop flight of 11 days from Alaska to the Firth of Thames near Auckland， New Zealand. It’s not the longest migration ever—that title goes to the Arctic tern （燕鸥） which goes from the Arctic to the Antarctic along the west coast of North and South America or straight down the Atlantic every year for a total of around 14，000 kilometers. However， it is the longest nonstop flight known to scientists.
3 Unlike the tern， the godwit weighs a much heavier one fifth to four fifths of a pound， and relies on a muscular build much like a modern jet with narrow pointed wings and a smooth body to reduce air drag. Despite these advantages which allow it to flap its wings nearly uninterruptedly for the entire journey， how can a small bird that lives for a few years navigate for days over nothing but empty ocean to arrive in New Zealand？
4 Some scientists have shown birds use the sun as orientation， but there is also evidence of migration as a learned skill—one study showing that adult raptors （猛） were better at course correcting for wind than juveniles， suggesting that experience comes into play. Another thought is that some birds may use electromagnetic sensory equipment that allows them to “see” the magnetic field in a way that humans cannot.
5 Even with the help of a magnetic compass， the record breaking bar tailed godwit， known as 4 BBRW， departed from Alaska and passed over the Aleutian Islands in a 224 hour flight without sleep over open ocean and with no land markers to use as visual guidance. At one point he faced winds that blew so hard that he was being blown off course towards Australia. Amazingly， he managed to correct his flight path.
Choose the best answers according to the text
Detail 1. What can we know about the godwit？
A. It lives in Alaska State all year round.
B. It flies the longest distance during migration.
C. It holds the record for the longest nonstop flight.
D. It migrates along the west coast of North America.
Detail 2. What s ;the Arctic tern s advantage over the godwit in flying？
A. It has a lighter body weight.
B. It’s shaped like a modern jet.
C. It has narrower pointed wings.
D. It is better at adjusting its flying path.
Gist 3. What s the author s purpose in writing Para. 4？
A. To give examples. B. To analyze causes.
C. To describe details. D. To make comparisons.
Detail 4. Which of the following can best describe the godwit s migration？
A. Surprising. B. Cooperative.
C. Well prepared. D. Vision depending.
Ⅰ. Analyze some difficult sentences in the text
1. Unlike the tern， the godwit weighs a much heavier one fifth to four fifths of a pound， and relies on a muscular build much like a modern jet with narrow pointed wings and a smooth body to reduce air drag.
与北极燕鸥相比，黑尾鹬的体重要比燕鸥重五分之一到五分之四磅，它的飞行依赖于与现代喷气式飞机结构相似的肌肉结构，尖锐的翅膀和平滑的身体曲线大大减少了空气阻力。
【点石成金】
本句中and连接两个并列的谓语，with结构作后置定语。
2. Another thought is that some birds may use electromagnetic sensory equipment that allows them to “see” the magnetic field in a way that humans cannot.
还有一种观点认为，一些鸟类可能会使用电磁感应设备，这种功能可以让鸟“看到”人类不能看到的磁场。
【点石成金】
本句是一个复合句。第一个that引导的是表语从句，第二个that引导的是一个定语从句，该从句的先行词是equipment。
数字食品的未来
数字技术在我们的生活中起着越来越重要的作用。科学家们不仅研制出了3D打印鸡肉，还找到了一种特殊的烹制方法，那就是通过激光技术烹制3D打印鸡肉。
1 “I am eager to enjoy a 3D printed roasted chicken. No， wait. It would be better laser cooked，” could be the kind of order you ll hear in restaurants a few years from now. The Digital Foods team at Columbia University finally found a way to prepare laboratory meat to make it more edible.
2 Scientists have experimented with printed food since 2007. However， there was a big problem： they couldn’t t find a way to cook it， since it doesn’t t behave the same as traditional food. Until recently， they found that lasers would be the best substitute for pans when it comes to 3D printed meat. With this， it can have an appearance， taste and texture similar to natural meat foods.
3 For this project， scientists first prepared a “chicken meat pure （果泥）” with real ground meat， which was used to model different shapes with a 3D printer. Then， they put the laboratory chicken samples under a laser that sent pulses of light to stir the meat and thus heat it. This cooking process took between 5 and 14 minutes. The results showed that the meat cooked with a laser shrank 50% less and retained twice the moisture， that is， it was juicier. In addition， it released more flavor than those with other methods.
4 In the study， researchers say that the secret of the seasoning is to emit laser pulses at different wave amplitudes. For example， a blue laser goes through better to cook the inside of the meat， while the infrared laser works to brown the outside of the piece. After testing 3D laser chicken， researchers say it tastes better than traditional baked meat.
5 While digital food seems more like science fiction， preparing food on a 3D printer is now a reality. Today this technology has progressed so much that it is possible to create various ingredients and dishes.
6 The developers of this project hope that in the future anyone can have access to a 3D food printer and print any dish they want as if it were a kitchen recipe. One of the main obstacles is that there is no sustainable ecosystem behind it， so they consider a type of “Food CAD”， a piece of software that is a combination of AutoCAD and Photoshop， as well as a kind of digital cookbook for this new future kitchen should be developed.
Choose the best answers according to the text
Detail 1. What was the initial problem with printed food？
A. It couldn’t t be cooked. B. Its taste might be poor.
C. It wasn’t t edible. D. It had no nutrients.
Inference 2. What can we know about the chicken that was laser cooked？
A. It is much drier.
B. It tastes much better.
C. It isn’t easy to cook well.
D. It’s similar to traditional food.
Detail 3. What’s the key point that determines the chicken s taste？
A. The laser pulses. B. The cooking time.
C. The effect of 3D print. D. The size of the chicken.
Inference 4. What can we infer from the last paragraph？
A. 3D printed food will become very popular.
B. A 3D printer is enough for the future s kitchen.
C. There is a long way to go for digital food.
D. Any dish is possible with the help of a 3D printer.
Analyze some difficult sentences in the text
1. Until recently， they found that lasers would be the best substitute for pans when it comes to 3D printed meat.
直到最近，当谈及3D打印肉类时，他们发现激光是平底锅的最佳替代品。
【点石成金】
本句中，when it comes to...为固定句型，意为“当谈及……时”。
2. For example， a blue laser goes through better to cook the inside of the meat， while the infrared laser works to brown the outside of the piece. 例如，蓝色激光能更好地穿透肉的内部，而红外激光则能使肉的外部变成褐色。
【点石成金】
本句中，while表示对比，意为“然而”。
答案；
史上最小飞行器诞生
Reading Check
1～4 CADC
黑尾鹬刷新鸟类飞行纪录
Reading Check
1～4 CABA
数字食品的未来
Reading Check
1～4 BBAC