2023届高考英语复习：定语从句课件 （27张）
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| 名称 | 2023届高考英语复习：定语从句课件 （27张） |  | |
| 格式 | zip | ||
| 文件大小 | 1.1MB | ||
| 资源类型 | 教案 | ||
| 版本资源 | 通用版 | ||
| 科目 | 英语 | ||
| 更新时间 | 2022-07-20 15:54:26 | ||
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(共27张PPT)
定语从句
2023高考英语一轮复习
语法基础部分
1.定义及相关术语
（1）定语从句：修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。定语从句一般紧跟在它所修饰的先行词之后。
（2）先行词：被定语从句修饰的词叫先行词。
定语从句
（3）关系词：引导定语从句的词叫关系词。
（4）关系词三个作用：
①引导定语从句；
②代替先行词；
③在定语从句中担当一个成分。
The man who is shaking hands with my father is a policeman.
①该句中，who is shaking hands with my father是定语从句；
②先行词the man;
③”who”是引导定语从句的关系词，代替先行词the man,在定语从句中作主语。
例句
①Mr.Liu is the person(whom）you talked about on the bus.
②Li Ming is just the boy(whom)I want to see.
③The professor (whom) you are waiting for has come.
④The girl (whom) the teacher often praises is our monitor.
（2）whom指人，在定主从句中做宾语，常可省略。
例句
Football is a game which is liked by most boys.
The factory which makes computers is far away from here.
He likes to read books which are written by foreign writers.
（3）which指物，在定语从句中做主语或宾语做宾语时可省。
例句
①The number of people that/who come to visit this city each year reaches one million.
（4）that指人时，相当于who或whom;指物时，相当于which.在定语从句中作主语或宾语，作宾语时常可省略。
例句
②Where is the man that/whom I saw this morning .
③The person that/whom you introduced to me is very kind.
④The season that/which comes after spring is summer.
⑤Yesterday I received a letter that/which came from Australia.
①I visited a scientist whose name is known all over the country.
②He has a friend whose father is a doctor.
③I once lived in the house whose roof has fallen in.
（5）whose通常指人，也可指物，在定语从句中做定语。
例句
①The classroom whose door is broken will soon be reparied.
②The classroom the door of which is broken will soon be reparied.
①Do you like the book whose cover is yellow
②Do you like the book the cover of which is yellow
注意：指物时，常用下列结构来代替
①I still remember the day when I first came to this school.
②The time when we got together finally arrived.
③October 1, 1949 was the day when the People’s Republic of China was founded.
4.关系副词引导的定语从句
（1）when 指时间，在定语从句中作时间状语
①Shanghai is the city where I was born.
②The house where I lived ten years ago has been pulled down.
③I visited the farm where a lot of cows were raised.
④Is this the place where they fought the enemy
4.关系副词引导的定语从句
（2）where 指地点，在定语从句中作地点状语
①please tell me the reason why you missed the plane.
②The reason why he was punished is unknown to us.
③I don’t know the reason why he looks unhappy today.
4.关系副词引导的定语从句
（3）why指原因，在定语从句中作原因状语。
From the years when/in which he was going to primary school in the country he had known what he wanted to be when he grew up.
Great changes are taking place in the city where/in which they live.
The reason why /for which he refused the invitation is quite clear.
注意：关系副词引导的定语从句经常可以用”介词+关系代词“引导的定语从句来表示。
①形式：用逗号”，” 与主句隔开.
②意义：只是对先行词的补充说明，如删除，主句仍能表达完整的意思.
③译法：通常译成主句的并列句.
5.限制性定语从句 非限制性定语从句
（1）限制性定语从句（2）非限制性定语从句。
①The teacher told me that Tom was the only person that I could depend on.
②China is a country which has a long history.
③In the street I saw a man who was from Africa.
限制性定语从句例句
①His mother,who loves him very much,is strict with him.
②China,which was founded in 1949,is becoming more and more powerful.
③Last summer I wisited the People’s Great Hall,in which many important meetings are held eveery year.
非限制性定语从句例句
6.只能用that引导定语从句的情况
（1）先行词是everything,anything ,nothing 等不定代词，或当先行词有every,any,all,some,no little,few,much等代词修饰时。
6.只能用that引导定语从句的情况
（2）先行词是序数词或被序数词修饰
The first place that they visited in London was the Bin Ben.
6.只能用that引导定语从句的情况
（3）先行词是最高级或被最高级修饰
This is the best film that I have ever seen.
6.只能用that引导定语从句的情况
（4）先行词被the very,the only 修饰
This is the very dictionary that I want to buy.
After the fire in his house,the old car is the only thing that he owns.
6.只能用that引导定语从句的情况
（5）有who,which等疑问代词时。
Who is the man that is standing by the gate
Which is the T-shirt that fits me most
6.只能用that引导定语从句的情况
（6）先行有人与动物或人与物。
They talked about the persons and things that they remembered at school.
Look at the man and his donkey that are walking up the street.
7.定语从句与同位语从句的区别
（1）定语从句修饰先行词，与先行词是修饰关系；同位语从句说明先行词的具体内容，与先行词是同位关系。
7.定语从句与同位语从句的区别
（1）定语从句由关系代词或关系副词引导，关系词在从句中担当成分。同位语从句有连词that引导，在从句中不担当成分。
The problem that we are facing now is how we can collect so much money.(定语从句）
The problem how we can collect so much money is difficult to solve.
(同位语从句）
例句
7.定语从句与同位语从句的区别
（3）同位语从句与先行词一般可用动词be发展成一个完整的兔子，而定语从句则不能。
The idea that he we could ask the teacher for advice is wonderful.(同位语从句）
the idea was that we could ask the teacher for advice.
定语从句
2023高考英语一轮复习
语法基础部分
1.定义及相关术语
（1）定语从句：修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。定语从句一般紧跟在它所修饰的先行词之后。
（2）先行词：被定语从句修饰的词叫先行词。
定语从句
（3）关系词：引导定语从句的词叫关系词。
（4）关系词三个作用：
①引导定语从句；
②代替先行词；
③在定语从句中担当一个成分。
The man who is shaking hands with my father is a policeman.
①该句中，who is shaking hands with my father是定语从句；
②先行词the man;
③”who”是引导定语从句的关系词，代替先行词the man,在定语从句中作主语。
例句
①Mr.Liu is the person(whom）you talked about on the bus.
②Li Ming is just the boy(whom)I want to see.
③The professor (whom) you are waiting for has come.
④The girl (whom) the teacher often praises is our monitor.
（2）whom指人，在定主从句中做宾语，常可省略。
例句
Football is a game which is liked by most boys.
The factory which makes computers is far away from here.
He likes to read books which are written by foreign writers.
（3）which指物，在定语从句中做主语或宾语做宾语时可省。
例句
①The number of people that/who come to visit this city each year reaches one million.
（4）that指人时，相当于who或whom;指物时，相当于which.在定语从句中作主语或宾语，作宾语时常可省略。
例句
②Where is the man that/whom I saw this morning .
③The person that/whom you introduced to me is very kind.
④The season that/which comes after spring is summer.
⑤Yesterday I received a letter that/which came from Australia.
①I visited a scientist whose name is known all over the country.
②He has a friend whose father is a doctor.
③I once lived in the house whose roof has fallen in.
（5）whose通常指人，也可指物，在定语从句中做定语。
例句
①The classroom whose door is broken will soon be reparied.
②The classroom the door of which is broken will soon be reparied.
①Do you like the book whose cover is yellow
②Do you like the book the cover of which is yellow
注意：指物时，常用下列结构来代替
①I still remember the day when I first came to this school.
②The time when we got together finally arrived.
③October 1, 1949 was the day when the People’s Republic of China was founded.
4.关系副词引导的定语从句
（1）when 指时间，在定语从句中作时间状语
①Shanghai is the city where I was born.
②The house where I lived ten years ago has been pulled down.
③I visited the farm where a lot of cows were raised.
④Is this the place where they fought the enemy
4.关系副词引导的定语从句
（2）where 指地点，在定语从句中作地点状语
①please tell me the reason why you missed the plane.
②The reason why he was punished is unknown to us.
③I don’t know the reason why he looks unhappy today.
4.关系副词引导的定语从句
（3）why指原因，在定语从句中作原因状语。
From the years when/in which he was going to primary school in the country he had known what he wanted to be when he grew up.
Great changes are taking place in the city where/in which they live.
The reason why /for which he refused the invitation is quite clear.
注意：关系副词引导的定语从句经常可以用”介词+关系代词“引导的定语从句来表示。
①形式：用逗号”，” 与主句隔开.
②意义：只是对先行词的补充说明，如删除，主句仍能表达完整的意思.
③译法：通常译成主句的并列句.
5.限制性定语从句 非限制性定语从句
（1）限制性定语从句（2）非限制性定语从句。
①The teacher told me that Tom was the only person that I could depend on.
②China is a country which has a long history.
③In the street I saw a man who was from Africa.
限制性定语从句例句
①His mother,who loves him very much,is strict with him.
②China,which was founded in 1949,is becoming more and more powerful.
③Last summer I wisited the People’s Great Hall,in which many important meetings are held eveery year.
非限制性定语从句例句
6.只能用that引导定语从句的情况
（1）先行词是everything,anything ,nothing 等不定代词，或当先行词有every,any,all,some,no little,few,much等代词修饰时。
6.只能用that引导定语从句的情况
（2）先行词是序数词或被序数词修饰
The first place that they visited in London was the Bin Ben.
6.只能用that引导定语从句的情况
（3）先行词是最高级或被最高级修饰
This is the best film that I have ever seen.
6.只能用that引导定语从句的情况
（4）先行词被the very,the only 修饰
This is the very dictionary that I want to buy.
After the fire in his house,the old car is the only thing that he owns.
6.只能用that引导定语从句的情况
（5）有who,which等疑问代词时。
Who is the man that is standing by the gate
Which is the T-shirt that fits me most
6.只能用that引导定语从句的情况
（6）先行有人与动物或人与物。
They talked about the persons and things that they remembered at school.
Look at the man and his donkey that are walking up the street.
7.定语从句与同位语从句的区别
（1）定语从句修饰先行词，与先行词是修饰关系；同位语从句说明先行词的具体内容，与先行词是同位关系。
7.定语从句与同位语从句的区别
（1）定语从句由关系代词或关系副词引导，关系词在从句中担当成分。同位语从句有连词that引导，在从句中不担当成分。
The problem that we are facing now is how we can collect so much money.(定语从句）
The problem how we can collect so much money is difficult to solve.
(同位语从句）
例句
7.定语从句与同位语从句的区别
（3）同位语从句与先行词一般可用动词be发展成一个完整的兔子，而定语从句则不能。
The idea that he we could ask the teacher for advice is wonderful.(同位语从句）
the idea was that we could ask the teacher for advice.