北京市朝阳区2021-2022学年高二下学期期末英语试题（word含答案 无听力音频 无听力文字材料）

北京市朝阳区2021~2022学年度第二学期质量检测
高二英语试卷
第一部分 知识运用（共三节，30分）
第一节 完形填空（共10小题；每小题1分，共10分）
阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
Nathalia, from Liberty High School, was so nervous for her final scholarship interview Friday morning that she couldn’t sleep.
The 17-year-old ___1___ at 4 am and began preparing for whatever questions her principal, Harrison Bailey, might throw at her during the ___2___ for East Stroudsburg University. Nathalia left home confidently and ___3___ herself of the coming success. When arriving at school, she was ___4___ to find her family, teachers and representatives from East Stroudsburg all waiting for her. Actually, it was a surprising trick for: Nathalia. She’d already won the scholarship. “I was not expecting this at all,” Nathalia said, fighting back tears.
The scholarship——valued at about $34,000 over four years-is to pay for university and remove students’ financial ___5___ to higher education. Nathalia plans to major in nursing at East Stroudsburg, and she agrees that the scholarship is ___6___ for the first-generation college students like her. “I feel like that an unbelievable dream comes true,” her mother Diana said with tears of joy.
The epidemic has made gaining scholarship extra challenging. Nathalia ___7___ found a way to earn college credits by taking three online courses and in this way she has ___8___ herself a lot. “Nathalia is always self-motivated and I don’t have to ___9___ her,” Diana said.
“I want to help patients with better hospital experience. It is my _____10_____ that pushes me on toward success.”
1. A. got up B. sped up C. looked up D. cleaned up
2. A. discussion B. interview C. break D. visit
3. A. required B. informed C. convinced D. accused
4. A. shocked B. alarmed C. embarrassed D. ashamed
5. A. risks B. losses C. foundations D. barriers
6. A. normal B. identical C. crucial D. accurate
7. A. hardly B. almost C. rather D. still
8. A. protected B. improved C. understood D. expressed
9. A. urge B. blame C. comfort D. assess
10. A. reputation B. passion C. potential D. profession
第二节 选词填空（共10小题；每小题1分，共10分）
阅读下面句子，根据句意，从方框中选择恰当的词或词组并用其正确形式填空。
boost in terms of consist of deserve strike consequence figure out appeal to participate in come up with
11. I don’t know the answer, but I might be able to ___________ a good guess.
12. Overfishing in the seas has had several serious ___________, like the fish population decline and extinction.
13. The new team need a big win to ___________ their confidence.
14. I have a life insurance policy that will take care of my family if disaster ___________.
15. As a senior student, you need top grades to ___________ a place at the best universities.
16. By the end of the survey, over 300 local firms ___________ the survey, which contributed a lot to the final report.
17. The water company ___________ everyone to reduce the amount of water we use.
18. Lina’s parents moved to live with her, so she bought a bigger house ___________ three bedrooms.
19. If they know the cause of the problem, they might be able to ___________ how to prevent it happening again.
20. The modern world-system has features which can be described ___________ space and time.
第三节 语法填空（共10小题；每小题1分，共10分）
阅读下面句子，根据句子内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
21. He is an expert in the field of psychology so he made many helpful ___________ (suggest).(所给词的适当形式填空)
22. On the last day of our stay, we ___________(invite) to attend a private concert on a beautiful farm on the North Shore under the stars, listening to musicians and meeting interesting locals. (所给词的适当形式填空)
23. ___________ (give) more time and attention, you can do much better next time. (所给词的适当形式填空)
24. She asked me _______ I had returned the books to the library, and I admitted that I hadn’t. （用单词适当形式填空）
25. ___________the weather improves, we will have to cancel the game. (用适当的词填空)
26. Over the past five years, researchers in artificial intelligence (AI) ___________(become) the stars of the technology world. (所给词的适当形式填空)
27. The first time I saw Jenny, she___________(talk) to some students at the English corner. (所给词的适当形式填空)
28. The film brought the hours back to me ___________I was taken good care of in that small village. (用适当的词填空)
29. Before the lecture began, the professor came in, ___________ (follow) by a group of young people. (用适当的词填空)
30. The boy had a great childhood, ___________(travel) with his mother to all corners of the world. (所给词的适当形式填空)
第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，38分）
第一节（共14小题；每小题2分，共28分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
Swapping (交换) books is an easy and fun way to share your literature and keep your book collection updated.
You can exchange books you have read with nearby friends and relatives. Perhaps there is a book that you know a local friend has read and that you want to get your hands on. Arrange to leave a book with a wanted-book note on the friend’s doorstep or put the book in his letterbox if it fits. If you have lots of books that you are happy to swap, or even give away, these could be left in a clear plastic container, with a lid (盖子), outside your door or by your garden or driveway. Leave a note in the box telling passers-by that they can look through them and choose some.
You can also join Bookswap, the bookswap.co.uk website. It helps people get rid of books and pick up others. With the help of an adult, visit the site and see if there are any titles you fancy reading. You can list books for swapping. If there are books you want to read, just add them to your Wishlist and make orders. The lists are always revisable.
Read the instructions carefully, before making your swaps.
·International swaps and delivery are not yet available through the Bookswap website.
·Additional delivery zones may be added and the active restriction on the webpage will be updated.
·If a swap is cancelled, all costs are automatically returned to your account.
·You can drop off your books at Evri ParcelShop. Once collected, they are delivered to their destination in about 2-3 working days.
·You can track your order on the Bookswap webpage under My Orders. Click to see further information.
·Cancelling your order is available if the order has not been posted.
If you still need help please write to info@bookswap.co.uk.
31. According to the passage, what is the best way to swap a book with Jenny in your neighbourhood
A. Mail it to Jenny. B. Leave it on Jenny’s doorstep.
C. Place it by your garden. D. Drop it off at Evri ParcelShop.
32. At Bookswap, visitors can ___________.
A. swap books internationally B. swap books free of charge
C. cancel a swap anytime they like D. monitor the swapping process
33. What’s the purpose of the passage
A. To describe the benefit of book swaps. B. To share the experience of book swaps.
C. To introduce the practice of book swaps. D. To express the attitude towards book swaps.
B
Life Cycles
About 15 years ago, Andrew McLindon, whose favorite hobby is riding, was on his bike in Austin, Texas, when he thought about a friend’s son. The boy had never known the joy of biking because he suffered from the balance disturbances. When McLindon got home, he bought a three-wheel recumbent(可斜躺的)bike with a seat belt, perfect for a child with balance issues. Then the boy got the chance to seize the freedom coming with simply riding a bike and began interacting with friends. But there was more, as McLindon learned from his friend’s reaction after performing this small act of kindness. “I’ll never forget the smile on his face,” McLindon said.
The smile launched the McLindon Family Foundation. Funded by donations, the foundation finds disabled children who can benefit from owning adaptive bikes, and helps adapt each bike to the particular needs of the children.
When the foundation was just started, people thought a bike was not a pressing need for children with medical conditions. The feedback from the families, however, told the foundation that it was so much more. It strengthens muscles. It builds confidence. It is the joy and pride of owning a bike. And, most importantly, it’s inclusion. To the families and the children, the bike has changed their lives. Once children are fitted for their bikes and are able to ride around with families and friends, the real results come to light. The ability to move allows these children to truly become part of the group——that is priceless at any age.
Since the start of the foundation they have helped to provide 450 bikes for happy children. These children and their families are not just one-time clients. They are involved. “I am part of the project because every day my family is blessed with the wonderful gift that is the fruit of this project. It is really incredible,” a mother said. “I could go on forever about all the things that this project has given back to me,” said McLindon. “It absolutely brings me the greatest happiness.”
34. What mainly motivated McLindon to set up his foundation
A. His pursuit of freedom. B. His favor to bike riding.
C. The suffering of his friend’s son. D. The feedback from his friend.
35. With the help of the McLindon Family Foundation, the disabled children ___________.
A. are funded to get medical care B. are allowed to pay less for their bikes
C. can move around like normal children D. can make changes to their special bikes
36. What can we learn from McLindon’s story
A. Giving is receiving. B. Nothing is impossible.
C. Practice makes perfect. D. Well begun is half done.
C
The moment the ground stops shaking after an earthquake, some people may wonder whether their pets——or wild animals for that matter——knew the disaster was coming. Heiko Woith, a seismologist(地震学家) at the German Research Centre for Geosciences(GMZ), noted that the public often contacts the GMZ after strong earthquakes, and that people commonly ask “whether we can predict earthquakes or not, because there are so many reports on the Internet that an animal could do it.”
According to a new analysis of several other published studies (called a meta-analysis), it’s hard to say. Woith and his colleagues evaluated more than 700 published reports of unusual behavior among 130 species, including insects, birds, fish and mammals (mostly cats, dogs and cattle) from 160 earthquakes. The records included all kinds of behaviors, including a tiger that reportedly got depressed before an earthquake.
The researchers found that 90 percent of all reported cases happened within 62 miles (100 kilometers) of the epicenter(震中)and within 60 days of an earthquake. Then, they examined when and where foreshocks(前震) had happened in the region. “The space-time pattern of animal precursors(前兆) and foreshocks is strikingly similar,” Woith said. “From this, we concluded that the abnormal animal behavior might simply be related to foreshocks.” Very likely, not every abnormal animal behavior is related to an upcoming earthquake. Instead, it’s likely that these animals are reacting to foreshocks rather than predicting the earthquake itself.
“Despite the vast number of empirical research, good information was little and scientific evidence is lacking. A major surprise for us was that the large majority of the published claims were built on poor observational data meaning most people did not properly observe the animals before, during and after the earthquake, which did not stand as statistical scientific proof,” Woith said. “So, given that there’s no evidence yet showing that animals can predict quakes, people should call these claims into question.”
To better study whether animals can predict earthquakes, Woith and his colleagues suggested that researchers ask a number of yes-or-no questions in any upcoming experiments, including “Is the experimental setup and monitoring procedure clearly described and reproducible ” and “Is it proven that the animal behavior is really unusual ”
Meanwhile, humans are working on technologies that can detect earthquakes seconds before they hit. For instance, a smartphone application called Quake Alert helped warn people in Los Angeles that an earthquake was coming about half a minute before it struck on April 5, 2018. Hopefully, we will have reliable devices to tell people that the earthquake is coming.
37. How did Woith conduct the study
A. By analyzing previous studies. B. By collecting data in earthquakes.
C. By observing animal behavior. D. By examining scientific evidence.
38. What is the finding of Woith’s study
A. Animals are likely to predict the earthquakes.
B. Animals tend to give responses to foreshocks.
C. Animals in one region act similarly in quakes.
D. Animals close to the epicenter make predictions.
39. What can we infer from the passage
A. The public questions the credibility of the reports from GMZ.
B. The former researchers used a variety of data collection methods.
C. Research data should be collected through questions rather than observation.
D. Future relevant studies require proof of the reliability before being conducted.
40. What is the passage mainly about
A. How animals behave in earthquakes.
B. Whether animals can predict earthquakes.
C. What is the link between animals and earthquakes.
D. Why people study animal behavior in earthquakes.
D
What may well be the oldest metal coins in the world have been identified at an ancient abandoned city known as Guanzhuang in China. Like many Bronze Age (青铜时代) coins from the region, they were cast in the shape of spades with finely carved handles. These ancient coins existed during an in-between period between barter (以物易物) and money, when coins were a novel concept, but everybody knew that agricultural tools were valuable.
Reading about this incredible discovery, I kept thinking about the way modern people represent computer networks by describing machines as having “addresses”, like a house. We also talk about one computer using a “port” to send information to another computer, as if the data were a floating boat with destination. It’s as if we are in the Bronze Age of information technology, grasping desperately for real-world reference to transform our civilization.
Now consider what happened to spade coins. Over centuries, metalworkers made these coins into more abstract shapes. Some became almost human figures. Others’ handles were reduced to small half-circles. As spade coins grew more abstract, people carved them with number values and the locations where they were made. They became more like modern coins, flat and covered in writing. Looking at one of these later pieces, you would have no idea that they were once intended to look like a spade.
This makes me wonder if we will develop an entirely new set of symbols that allow us to interact with our digital information more smoothly.
Taking spade coins as our guide, we can guess that far-future computer networks will no longer contain any recognizable references to houses. But they still might bring some of the ideas we associate with home to our mind. In fact, computer networks——if they still exist at all——are likely to be almost the indispensable part of our houses and cities, their sensors inset with walls and roads. Our network addresses might actually be the same as our street addresses. If climate change leads to floods, our mobile devices might look more like boats than phones, assisting us to land.
My point is that the metaphors of the information age aren’t random. Mobile devices do offer us comfort after a long day at work. In some sense, our desire to settle on the shores of data lakes could change the way we understand home, as well as how we build computers. So as we cast our minds forward, we have to think about what new abstractions will go along with our information technology. Perhaps the one thing we count on is that humans will still appreciate the comforts of home.
41. Many Bronze Age coins were made into the shape of a spade because ___________.
A. a lot of emphasis was put on agriculture
B. this stylish design made the coins valuable
C. these coins also served as agricultural tools
D. the handles made the coins easily exchanged
42. Why does the author relate computers to spade coins
A. To show they both used to be new concepts when first invented.
B. To explain abstract digital worlds are different from concrete coins.
C. To suggest computers will experience dramatic changes as coins did.
D. To highlight their same importance in our civilizational transformation.
43. What does the underlined word “indispensable” in Paragraph 5 probably mean
A. Flexible. B. Essential. C. Wasteful. D. Alternative.
44. Which of the following would be the best title for the passage
A. What Coins and Computers Bring Us
B. How Agriculture Loses to Digital Industry
C. How Bronze Age Develops to Information Age
D. What Ancient Money Tells Us About the Future
第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，共10分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Food delivery applications have seen a sudden increase in growth over the past decade. In most instances digital food ordering can be done directly with a restaurant app or third party food service. ____45____
A combination of comfort eating and much less exercise meant within a few months——it could have even been weeks——I was struggling to fit into my regular clothes. ____46____ Because the speedy delivery drivers, with desserts, milkshakes and burgers, can just arrive directly at our door. And even better, it was great not having to prepare meals and dealing with the washing-up after. The meal delivery apps are of great benefit to our lives, and it seems I’m not the only one who prefers the ease and convenience of them.
____47____ The food we are ordering contains more sugar, fat and salt than food made at home. And being able to eat from the comfort of the sofa, or even sometimes from under the blanket, means we aren’t even burning calories when we go to pick the food up. The food sizes are often bigger too. ____48____ This week, the World Health Organisation warned that Britain risks becoming the fattest country in Europe within a decade——because of the rise of the food-delivery lifestyle.
The obesity(肥胖) epidemic is causing an estimated annual 1.2 million deaths in Europe, and costs the National Health Service￡6 billion a year to tackle in the UK. As a result, we need to be reminded of the importance of cooking for ourselves. ____49____ For meal delivery companies, they should be much more straightforward about labelling food and encouraging people to make healthier choices. Otherwise we will pay for our own behavior someday.
A. Then people can get access to local restaurants and menus more easily.
B. Obesity is a continuous epidemic in both immature and adult populations.
C. That means people are consuming much more than they normally would.
D. At first it was fun to be able to order not just fast food, but even faster food.
E. Some companies became the first successful third-party food delivery systems.
F. These apps on the other hand, are encouraging overeating and physical inactivity.
G. And with the cost-of-living crisis many families are facing, it’s certainly a cheaper option.
第三部分 书面表达（共两节，32分）
第一节（共4小题；第50、51题各2分，第52题3分，第53题5分，共12分）
阅读下面短文，根据题目要求用英文回答问题。
Avoiding Procrastination——A Lesson You Shouldn’t Put Off
You sit down to write a report for school, but decide to scroll your phone first. Soon, it’s evening and you still haven’t started that report. You’ve been having procrastination. It is not simple laziness. It’s the habit of avoiding urgent tasks despite negative consequences.
When you’re facing a task, one part of your mind is rational (理性的) and says, “Let’s do it.” Another part is irrational. It says, “Wouldn’t a quick video game be fun ” That part seeks instant satisfaction, while the rational part knows you should do your work. Being procrastinating may relieve pressure in the moment, but it is a force that constantly works against us, in our studies and our personal lives. It often stops us from reaching our potential and students who routinely procrastinate tend to get lower grades. In general, habitual procrastinators have to face high physical costs and the increase of stress and worry. It is something we all need to think about——and think about today, not tomorrow. So how do we beat it
First, we must understand the emotions behind procrastination. Studies have shown that people are more likely to procrastinate when they feel negative emotions, such as fear of failure or fright about doing boring tasks, toward things that need to be completed. It’s therefore important to ignore your mood, and just dive in and take the first step. For example, if you are writing a report, start by simply putting your name at the top of page one. Then, focus on taking one step at a time until you reach the finish line. When you’re done, reward yourself——maybe by doing something fun that was distracting (使分神) you before.
If you do put things off, make sure to forgive yourself, since guilt makes the urge to procrastinate stronger. Beating procrastination, though, will help you in all aspects of your life, from finishing tasks at school to achieving personal goals. The time to start is now!
50. According to this passage, what’s procrastination
51. What are the negative effects of procrastination
52. Please decide which part is false in the following statement, then underline it and explain why.
Procrastination is more likely to appear when we have negative emotions, so we should reward ourselves first to delight us.
53. In addition to the tips mentioned in the passage, what other beneficial strategies can you offer to procrastinators (In about 40 words)
第二节（20分）
54. 假设你是红星中学高二学生李华，你们社区居委会打算开设英文宣传栏，现招募英语编辑。你非常感兴趣，请你给居委会负责人写一封英文申请信，内容如下：
1. 表达对英文宣传栏的看法；
2. 陈述申请担任编辑的理由。
注意：1. 词数100左右；
2. 开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
提示词：社区居委会the community committee；宣传栏bulletin board
Dear Sir/Madam,
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
北京市朝阳区2021~2022学年度第二学期质量检测
高二英语试卷
第一部分 知识运用（共三节，30分）
第一节 完形填空（共10小题；每小题1分，共10分）
阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
【1~10题答案】
【答案】1. A 2. B 3. C 4. A 5. D 6. C 7. D 8. B 9. A 10. B
第二节 选词填空（共10小题；每小题1分，共10分）
【11~20题答案】
【答案】11. come up with
12. consequences
13. boost 14. strikes
15. deserve
16. have participated in
17. appeals to
18. consisting of
19. figure out
20. in terms of
第三节 语法填空（共10小题；每小题1分，共10分）
阅读下面句子，根据句子内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
【21题答案】
【答案】suggestions
【22题答案】
【答案】were invited
【23题答案】
【答案】 Given
【24题答案】
【答案】whether
【25题答案】
【答案】Unless
【26题答案】
【答案】have become
【27题答案】
【答案】was talking
【28题答案】
【答案】when
【29题答案】
【答案】followed
【30题答案】
【答案】travelling
第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，38分）
第一节（共14小题；每小题2分，共28分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
【31~33题答案】
【答案】31. B 32. D 33. C
B
【34~36题答案】
【答案】34. D 35. C 36. A
C
【37~40题答案】
【答案】37. A 38. B 39. D 40. B
D
【41~44题答案】
【答案】41. A 42. D 43. B 44. D
第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，共10分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。选项中有两项为多余选项。
【45~49题答案】
【答案】45 A 46. D 47. F 48. C 49. G
第三部分 书面表达（共两节，32分）
第一节（共4小题；第50、51题各2分，第52题3分，第53题5分，共12分）
【50~53题答案】
【答案】50. Procrastination is a habit of avoiding urgent tasks despite negative consequences.
51. Procrastination prevents us from reaching our potential and getting high grades, which has negative effects on our physical and psychological heath if practiced habitually.
52. Procrastination is more likely to appear when we have negative emotions, so we should reward ourselves first to delight us.
Because we should ignore our negative mood, just dive in and take the first step.
53. 言之有理即可。
第二节（20分）
【54题答案】
【答案】Dear Sir/Madam,
I’m Li Hua, a student in Grade 2. Knowing that the community committee will set up an English bulletin board, I am writing to apply to become an English editor.
The English bulletin boards can provide a platform for more people to learn about English. This is beneficial to us. I think I’m qualified for the position. First of all, I have a good command of English. In addition, I often participate in the production of class English wall newspaper.
I am sure I am qualified for this position. I would appreciate it if you could take my application into consideration.
Yours,
Li Hua