辽宁省县级重点高中协作体2021-2022学年高二下学期期末考试英语试题（Word版含答案，无听力音频有文字材料）
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| 名称 | 辽宁省县级重点高中协作体2021-2022学年高二下学期期末考试英语试题（Word版含答案，无听力音频有文字材料） |  | |
| 格式 | doc | ||
| 文件大小 | 42.1KB | ||
| 资源类型 | 教案 | ||
| 版本资源 | 外研版（2019） | ||
| 科目 | 英语 | ||
| 更新时间 | 2022-07-22 20:17:42 | ||
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绝密★启用前
辽宁省县级重点高中协作体2021-2022学年高二下学期期末考试
英语试卷
注意事项：
1. 答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。
2. 回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。
3. 考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分）
做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
例： How much is the shirt
A. 19.15. B. 9.18. C. 9.15.
答案是C。
1. Where does the conversation probably take place
A. In a supermarket. B. In a post office. C. In a street.
2. What does the woman ask the man to do
A. Translate a document. B. Meet a client. C. Prepare meeting materials.
3. How does the woman recognize the man
A. By his glasses. B. By his beard. C. By his clothes.
4. What are the speakers probably talking about
A. A sweater. B. The winter. C. A department store.
5. What is the woman's problem with Welsh learning
A. The lessons are too long. B. The teacher speaks too fast. C. The grammar is too difficult.
第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6. Which sport has the man stopped doing
A. Ice hockey. B. Skiing. C. Snowboarding.
7. What does the man think of skiing
A. It's hard to learn. B. It's expensive. C. It's too fast.
听第7段对话，回答第8至10题。
8. When does the conversation take place
A. On November 5th. B. On November 10th. C. On November 15th.
9. What is the woman's nationality
A. Japanese. B. Korean. C. Chinese.
10. What does the man often do on his birthday
A. Have longevity noodles. B. Have seaweed soup. C. Go out to sing karaoke.
听第8段对话，回答第11至13题。
11. When did the man begin to feel sick
A. On Friday. B. On Saturday. C. On Sunday.
12. What does the man think is wrong with himself
A. He has got a headache. B. He has got the flu. C. He has got a fever.
13. What does the woman suggest the man do
A. Try traditional Chinese medicine. B. Get up and dance around. C. Continue to take the pills.
听第9段材料，回答第14至第17题。
14. Why will the man go to California
A. For sightseeing. B. For a wedding. C. For a meeting.
15. Where are the speakers
A. In Texas. B. In Nevada. C. In Alaska.
16. How much does the man need to pay
A. $300. B. $320. C. $340.
17. How will the man pay
A. By check. B. By bank card. C. In cash.
听第10段材料，回答第18至第20题。
18. What is the most common cause of fire at home
A. Cooking in the kitchen.
B. Smoking in the bedroom.
C. Leaving lighters in the living room.
19. Why is it best to crawl to escape through smoky area
A. To get a clearer view. B. To breathe in more air. C. To avoid being burnt.
20. What are the listeners reminded to do in the end
A. Give up rescuing possessions.
B. Help out people who are trapped.
C. Contact firefighters as soon as possible.
第二部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
This fund is offered by the Idaho State Board of Education to support fine arts, performing arts, and design courses. It was intended to increase access to arts education for learners in rural public schools that otherwise may lack the resources to expand such programs.
*Requirements
An applicant must be an Idaho rural school district or Idaho rural charter school. Each qualified applicant may submit one application.
An applicant may request up to $15,000.
Deadline: June 30, 2023.
*Uses of this fund
An applicant must use this fund for the purchase of equipment, supplies, and curricular materials that support the establishment of arts or improvements to arts. But it may not be used for personnel（人员）or contracted services costs, professional development activities or design courses that are part of the Career and Technical Education curriculum（课程）.
*Application Components
An application will cover the following contents：
General applicant information and approval of the grant application submission by an authorizing official.
Four Narrative Questions： Population served and need to be addressed； Proposal description； Expected demand; Sustainability plan.
Budget: A budget form that asks for detailed expenses.
*Process
Applications will be submitted through the online WebGrants. Applications will be reviewed by a group of experts whose recommendations will be sent to the State Board of Education for approval in May. Applicants will be informed of the results in June.
21. Who can apply for this fund
A. A learner in a rural public school. B. A rural school from a specific district.
C. A learner who has no time to learn art. D. An applicant who requests over $30,000.
22. What is this fund used for
A. Holding a professional activity. B. Employing some teachers.
C. Buying art equipment for qualified schools. D. Designing some career courses.
23. What should applicants include in their applications
A. A detailed budget. B. An expert's recommendation.
C. An official's signature. D. A description of the equipment.
B
On a sunny day in May at the Saline Royale in Arc-et-Senans, France, a group of about 20 primary schoolchildren, armed with a notebook about plants, flowers and nature, are getting practical experiences with the world of gardening and learning about the natural environment.
The children then explore the gardens of the Saline Royale, where each class is led by a professional gardener. Students are able to dig, plant, use tools and develop skills while learning about the flowers and plants around them.
It's all part of the Manuterra program, a project for schools, started by the Foundation Enterprise Hermes. The program began in September 2021, and invites students aged 6 to 18 from Arc-et-Senans to design, make and tend a garden. Combining educational and environmental issues, the themes for each class will also be adapted to the children's ages and abilities.
The program is designed to offer the participants a brief introduction of many environmental issues such as the life of the soil, biodiversity, the making and use of organic fertilizers and the influence of climate change. The program also encourages young children to work together and maintain the precious ecological（生态的）balance as well as become familiar with their everyday natural surroundings.
The program hopes that as the students learn from the gardens of the Saline Royale, they will be able to take away knowledge to cultivate their own space where they can grow various plants and flowers and preserve biodiversity for future generations.
"There is a drive to pass on knowledge to preserve the planet," said Laurent Pejoux, director of this program. "Climate change makes us take responsibility, and Manuterra is a response to this in order for the younger generations to protect the environment."
24. What are these children doing at the Saline Royale
A. Performing some physical activities. B. Getting some knowledge on agriculture.
C. Protecting the natural environment. D. Getting hands-on experiences in a project.
25. What is the purpose of the Manuterra program
A. To strengthen the children's sense of teamwork.
B. To introduce the children to environmental issues.
C. To help the children know the value of hard work.
D. To offer the children a chance to survive the wild.
26. What does the underlined word "cultivate" in Paragraph 5 mean
A. Develop. B. Support. C. Imagine. D. Record.
27. What is implied in Laurent Pejoux's words in the last paragraph
A. Everyone should adapt to climate changes.
B. It's beneficial for us to protect the environment.
C. The program makes a difference to the children.
D. The children need a drive to protect the environment.
C
Cycling is considered one of the most efficient ways to travel due to its small carbon footprint. Many people are happy to ride a bike in their everyday life. However, better infrastructure（基本设施）and a cultural shift are needed to ensure that more people will ride a bike. Bike kitchens are part of a worldwide movement that can help with such a challenge.
In bike kitchens, tools, used parts, and repair assistance are provided to their members. They donate bikes and have become spaces for social exchange. They also make efforts to improve basic infrastructure, which plays a key role in ensuring the safety and comfort of cyclists in areas such as the development of bike lanes and bike parking. But that alone is not enough. Building a cycling culture that is socially accepted to most, means having significant amounts of people developing skills of riding bikes.
Cycling has various benefits, like promoting physical and mental health. More importantly, the infrastructure needed for bikes doesn't require a huge budget. Besides, bicycles are the most practical and sustainable means of travel for short and medium distance, and also for recreation and sport. Therefore, a cycling culture appears urgent and significant. For individuals in many developed countries, transport can be the largest part of their carbon footprint. Transport accounts for about one-fifth of global carbon dioxide（CO2）emissions. For short or medium distances, bikes are one of the lowest-carbon ways to travel. Even more shockingly, using a bike instead of a car for short trips would reduce a person's travel emissions by 75 percent.
Bike kitchens in particular, extend the lifespan of bikes and their parts. They help build a community economy that prevents waste generation, since most parts are secondhand, fixed, or reused. Either through the supply of tools, parts, workshops, fixing sessions, or bikes for free, bike kitchens encourage a more sustainable way of traveling that makes cities friendlier, while strengthening community values.
28. Which of the following can be done in bike kitchens
A. Exchanging bikes. B. Teaching others to ride bikes.
C. Purchasing the new parts. D. Developing riding skills.
29. What does the author want to stress in the text
A. Cycling is a sustainable way to travel.
B. Transport is still a challenging problem.
C. Everyone should have an eco-friendly travel.
D. Bikes are also suitable for a long distance travel.
30. What is the author's attitude towards bike kitchens according to the text
A. Critical. B. Doubtful. C. Positive. D. Grateful.
31. What is the main idea of the text
A. Bike kitchens reduce people's travel influences.
B. Bike kitchens are helping boost cycling culture.
C. Bike kitchens are gaining popularity in the world.
D. Bike kitchens make cycling accessible to everyone.
D
Cheerleading is the fastest growing women's sport, yet many Americans think it can't satisfy the standards and qualifications of a sport. In addition, they fail to distinguish between sideline cheerleaders and competitive ones. Sideline cheerleaders' main goal is to entertain the crowd and lead them with team cheers, which should not be considered a sport. However, it is true of competitive cheerleading.
Competitive cheerleading includes lots of physical activity. Cheerleaders must learn to fall and perform many complex actions, like lifts and tosses. This is where the "fliers" are thrown in the air, held by "bases" in different positions that require strength and cooperation with other teammates. The whole routine has to be completed in less than three minutes and 15 seconds and the cheerleaders are required to stay within a certain area. Just like gymnasts, they are awarded points for difficulty, technique, creativity and sharpness. Cheerleading is a team sport, so without cooperation, first place is out of reach.
Cheerleading is the major cause of serious sports injuries to women due to the fact that cheerleaders always perform without any equipment to protect them. While many athletes in other sports are well protected, smiling cheerleaders are tossed into the air and fall down into the arms of trusted teammates. The fliers must remain tight all the time so that their bases can catch them safely. Because cheerleading is not recognized as a sport by many schools, proper equipment isn't provided to ensure safety. Therefore, more recognition of competitive cheerleading as a sport would decrease the number of injuries.
Competitive cheerleading is a physical activity governed by rules under which a winner can be declared and its primary purpose is to compare the skills of participants. Hopefully, cheerleading will become as well-known a sport as football and basketball, and even appear in the Olympics since cheerleaders are just as athletic and physically fit as those involved in the more accepted sports.
32. What do many Americans think of cheerleading
A. It is aimed at cheering the audience. B. It focuses on strength and teamwork.
C. It does no good to women's health. D. It fails to meet the criteria of a sport.
33. What does the author mainly want to tell us in Paragraph 2
A. Competitive cheerleading is a team sport.
B. Cheerleaders must train hard to win first place.
C. There are no limits to competitive cheerleading.
D. Strength is essential to competitive cheerleading.
34. Why is it easy for cheerleaders to get seriously injured
A. They are not skillful in performance. B. They don't wear protective equipment.
C. They are exposed to some dangers. D. They always perform various techniques.
35. Which of the following is the author's opinion of cheerleading
A. It consumes a lot of energy and strength. B. It will become more famous than football.
C. It is likely to become well known in future. D. It should be equipped with various purposes.
第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Like all mammals, whales need to sleep in order to survive. But they are also air breathers, meaning that they cannot sleep in the water all the time. There are around 90 different types of whale, which can hold their breath for about an hour, depending on the species. However, they usually travel up to the surface to breathe every 15 minutes. 36
Some scientists have found that whales cannot become fully unconscious or they would drown. To deal with living in the water full-time while having to breathe air, these air-breathers have evolved into voluntary ones, as a way to prevent accidentally breathing in water at inopportune moments. 37 Therefore, they have to be awake and alert at all times to prevent themselves from drowning.
Whales have some of the largest brains on the planet. 38 They can actively decide which part of their brains to use at a given time. This particular way of sleeping can be seen most clearly in captive（圈养的）whales. When whales are sleeping, they can be seen keeping one eye closed while the other remains open.
39 Some species, like sperm whales, enter a deeper sleep where they hang in groups, vertically, not too far below the surface for just over an hour. Other species, such as the humpback whales, have been observed resting motionless at the surface of the water for only 30 minutes. 40 And, killer whales, which are very socially complex, never swim too far from the other members of their pod, sleeping in close groups.
A. So how exactly do they get any sleep
B. They continue to swim slowly and regularly.
C. They won't lose their body temperature by staying still.
D. It's an interesting dilemma for wholly ocean air breathers.
E. This sleeping technique varies slightly among species, however.
F. Whales consciously control their blowholes with powerful muscles.
G. Sperm whales in particular have the biggest brain of any living mammal.
第三部分语言运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Zara Rutherford has set the world record as the youngest woman to fly alone around the world. The British-Belgian 41 started her trip worldwide on August 18, 2021.
The 42 was supposed to take three months. But bad weather and visa delays kept her grounded and 43 the trip by about two months. And then she started in Belgium and 44 west over Britain, Iceland, and Greenland. The path took her over Canada and the United States.
Rutherford couldn't leave Alaska due to weather and visa delays. A winter storm forced another long 45 in Russia before she traveled to Korea, the Middle East, and 46 to Europe.
To meet the 47 for a round-the-world flight, Rutherford had to land on two points opposite each other on Earth: Jambi in Indonesia and Tumaco in Colombia. The last part of her trip had been 48 , for she had to deal with rain and snow. But she was happy to be 49 by the Belgian Air Force before landing, which she felt grateful for their company.
Rutherford has been 50 traveling in small planes with her parents since she was six. She gained her pilot's license in 2020 and started flying herself at 14. She 51 being an astronaut and she hopes her trip will get more women 52 in science, technology, and aviation.
Rutherford said, "Boys are taught to choose their 53 as scientists, astronauts, CEOs or presidents. Girls are often 54 to be beautiful, kind, helpful and sweet. With my flight, I want to show young women that they can be 55 and make their dreams come true."
41. A. surfer B. soldier C. engineer D. pilot
42. A. challenge B. passage C. flight D. sailing
43. A. extended B. developed C. designed D. explored
44. A. directed B. forced C. headed D. pushed
45. A. pause B. holiday C. sleep D. rest
46. A. moved B. returned C. travelled D. rushed
47. A. curiosity B. deadline C. requirement D. permission
48. A. difficult B. necessary C. secure D. dependent
49. A. rescued B. watched C. accompanied D. praised
50. A. yet B. ever C. still D. always
51. A. dreams of B. cares about C. insists on D. relies on
52. A. upset B. interested C. included D. puzzled
53. A. careers B. hobbies C. chances D. responsibilities
54. A. reminded B. warned C. encouraged D. informed
55. A. energetic B. confident C. logical D. ambitious
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
A new phenomenon is taking hold worldwide—"shrinkflation". This is when companies reduce the size of their products or range of services while 56 （maintain）prices. It is in reaction to the rising prices of raw materials needed in the process of 57 （produce）. Another way companies choose is 58 （place）smaller items in larger boxes, making shoppers think they're getting more for their money. In fact, 59 （consumer）become more sensitive to price than quantity or quality. Most shoppers will make a regular purchase, even if it has shrunk（缩小）, as long as 60 price has not risen.
So far, the chocolate maker Cadbury 61 （choose）to shrink the size of one of its products by 10%. A company spokesperson said: "We expect to absorb costs in this difficult environment so we have had to make the decision to 62 （slight）reduce the weight of chocolate bars for the first time since 2012, so that we can keep them surviving in the fierce 63 （compete）." The service industry is also trying to keep from raising prices. The hotel chains Hilton have made it a rule 64 guests must now request daily housekeeping services. Many other free services we have taken for granted are also 65 the decrease.
第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（满分15分）
你校英语社团准备举行以"Small Actions Can Make a Difference"为主题的英语演讲比赛，请你写一篇演讲稿参加比赛，内容包括：
1. 介绍校园不良现象；
2. 提出合理的建议和措施。
注意：
1. 写作词数应为80左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Small Actions Can Make a Difference
第二节（满分25分）
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
The Cup of Coffee
It should have been a normal trip to the supermarket. My son was little, and it was getting close to naptime, so I was in a hurry. I remember feeling a sense of accomplishment as I got him into the car without any tears. Then I went to start the car and realized my keys were gone. After a few minutes of checking around, I realized that I must have locked them in the trunk（后备箱）with my bag.
I wasn't sure what to do, so I took my son out of his car seat and went back inside the store with my cart still full of groceries. I had to use their phone to call my husband for the spare key because my phone was in the bag I had locked in the trunk. After several calls and messages with no answer, I was getting annoyed. My son was tired and getting nervous. I was exhausted from a sleepless night that all moms go through when their kids are teething. When he went into full-on crying, I felt the tears come down my face, too.
An employee at the store patted me on the shoulder and asked me to come with her. I was panicked, thinking that I was going to be scolded and thrown into the storage area to keep us quiet. To my surprise, the employee took me to the Starbucks café that was inside the store. She asked me if I drank coffee. When I said yes, she walked over to the counter and came back with one for me.
I told her how stupid it was to lock my keys in the car, and she assured me it happened to many people. As we talked, my son settled into a sound sleep in my arms. Fifteen minutes later, her break was over, and she had to get back to work. She said if I couldn't get in touch with my husband, they would call someone to come out and get the trunk open.
注意：
1. 续写词数应为150左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
My husband was contacted and arrived at last. I've become a person willing to help others thanks to that cup of coffee.
绝密★启用前
辽宁省县级重点高中协作体2021-2022学年高二下学期期末考试
英语参考答案
第一部分 听力
1—5 CACAB 6—10 ABACB 11—15 CBACB 16—20 ACBCA
听力录音文本
Text 1
M: Excuse me. How can I get to the nearest supermarket
W: It’s on Pennings Road. Go past the post office and it’s on your left.
Text 2
W: Bill, I’m busy preparing meeting materials. I was wondering if you could help me translate this file. M: Is that urgent I need to meet a client later.
W: Yes. In that case, I’ll ask someone else for help.
Text 3
W: Oh, hi, John, it’s you! I thought so––I’d recognize that jacket anywhere.
M: I see you have to wear glasses now as well. I’m still not really used to mine.
W: But they look good on you, particularly now you’ve shaved your beard.
Text 4
W: Look, Roger. I’ve been shopping. They’ve got some great things in StyleRight.
M: Hey! That’s brilliant. Lovely colors and it’ll keep you warm in the winter.
W: Yes, but are the sleeves too short for me
M: No, they look fine.
Text 5
M: Ann, what about your Welsh language course
W: I thought the grammar would be hard, but it isn’t. The main issue is our teacher––if she spoke more slowly, I’d understand a lot more. The classes are only an hour long, so just when I’m getting into the lesson, it’s over!
Text 6
W: You’re doing a lot of winter sports this year, aren’t you
M: That’s right. Snowboarding has been a first-time experience for me.
W: How long has it taken you to learn it
M: It’s taken me a while to learn, but now, I find it hard to stop!
W: What else have you tried
M: Ice hockey too—I’ve always enjoyed watching. It’s too fast, though, and I gave it up in the end.
W: And other sports
M: Skiing is a bit scary but it’s so exciting that I just can’t get enough of it. It’s a shame that it’s such an expensive sport to do.
W: Yes, I know.
Text 7
W: My birthday is only 10 days away, and I plan to spend it with my parents.
M: Is that on November 15th
W: Yeah.
M: What do you usually do to celebrate your birthday
W: I usually have longevity noodles and go out to sing karaoke.
M: Are you from China
W: Yes, but I work in Japan now.
M: I see. In Korea, we always have seaweed soup on our birthdays.
W: I know, because I often see that in Korean dramas.
Text 8
W: How are things going
M: I was feeling great on Saturday, but I started to feel sick on Sunday afternoon. I’m really worried because I have to give a presentation on Friday.
W: What seems to be the problem
M: I thought I have the flu. But the doctor said it was just a bad cold. He gave me some pills, but they don’t seem to help.
W: Listen, forget about the pills. I have just the thing to get rid of bad colds. You see, my mom is really into traditional
Chinese medicine. M: Does it work
W: Come on! Give it a try! Just take some of my mom’s Chinese medicine and you’ll be up and dancing around in no time.
M: Well, I guess nothing else seems to be doing the job.
W: Great.
Text 9
W: Thrifty Car Rental. Can I help you
M: Yeah. My friend recommended your company to me. She rented your car and went to Texas for sightseeing last month. I’m going to California for a conference this weekend and it’s a short drive from Nevada to get there, so I have to rent a car for two days.
W: Okay. What size do you have in mind
M: A mid-sized car is perfect.
W: How about that black car $170 a day including tax and insurance.
M: Can you make it a little cheaper
W: How about $10 off
M: Come on. My sister is getting married in Alaska next month. If I’m satisfied with your company this time, I’ll definitely come back again next month.
W: Well, in that case, I would ask $150 a day.
M: Deal.
W: How would you like to pay, by check or bank card
M: I’m sorry I only carry some cash on me.
W: Okay. And remember to return the car with a full tank of gas.
Text 10
W: Good afternoon. I’m here to give you some tips on how to prevent house fires and the best way of getting away from a fire. Most house fires happen while people are sleeping. The most cause of house fires involves smoking in the bedroom. It’s important to keep matches and lighters out of the reach of children.
If you are trapped in your home by smoke or flames, close all the doors, and stuff towels or clothing under the doors to keep smoke out. Cover your nose and mouth with a wet cloth. If you have to escape through a smoky area, remember the following tip. Crawl out on all fours to avoid smoke and dangerous flames. Finally, and very importantly, if a fire breaks out, don’t try to rescue pets or possessions. Here, I want to remind the following thing. Once you’ve got out, don`t go back. Firefighters have a better chance of rescuing people who are trapped.
第二部分 阅读
第一节
A
【语篇导读】本文是一篇应用文，文章介绍了爱达荷州为乡村公立学校和乡村特许学校设置的一项专门资金，该资金只能用于购买学校艺术设备、美术用品及艺术课程所需要的资源。
21. 【答案】B
【解析】细节理解题。根据第一段的“This fund is offered by the Idaho State Board of Education to support fine arts, performing arts, and design courses”和第二段的 requirements 相关内容可知，该资金专门是为爱达荷州规定区域的乡村公立学校和乡村特许学校设置的，不是针对个人。比较选项可知，B项符合。
22. 【答案】 C
【解析】细节理解题。根据“Uses of this fund”中的内容可知，该资金只能用于购买学校艺术设备、美术用品及艺术课程所需要的资源。比较选项可知，C项符合。
23. 【答案】A
【解析】细节理解题。根据“Application components”和“Process”的内容可知，申请这笔资金的学校应该把以下内容写进申请书：申请人信息、权威人士签署的意见、四个陈述性的问题和资金预算等。比较选项可知，A项符合。
B
【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文，文章介绍了帮助孩子们了解环境保护的 Manuterra体验项目。
24. 【答案】D
【解析】细节理解题。根据第一、二、三段的内容可知，Manuterra 体验项目给6至18岁的孩子提供有关自然环境和环境保护等内容的研学活动。那些孩子正在参加这个活动。比较选项可知，D项符合。
25. 【答案】B
【解析】细节理解题。根据第四段的内容可知，Manuterra 体验项目的目的是帮助孩子们了解生物多样性、有机肥料的制作和使用等环境话题。比较选项可知，B项符合。
26. 【答案】A
【解析】词义猜测题。根据下文的“their own space where they can grow various plants and flowers”可知，孩子们可以培育自己的空间，他们可以在那里种植植物和鲜花。该词意为“培育，开发，耕作”，与A项同义。
27. 【答案】C
【解析】推理判断题。Laurent Pejoux 对 Manuterra 体验项目评价很高，他认为这个项目不仅影响孩子们的成长，而且还有利于环境保护。比较选项可知，C项符合。
C
【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文，文章介绍了全球正在兴起的自行车厨房热，自行车厨房的建立有助于骑行文化的推广，从而让更多人爱上骑自行车。
28. 【答案】D
【解析】细节理解题。根据第二段的“Building a cycling culture that is socially accepted to most, means having significant amounts of people developing skills of riding bikes.”可知，骑行文化的建立可以让许多人提升自己的车技。故答案选D项。
29. 【答案】A
【解析】推理判断题。根据第三段的“For individuals in many developed countries,…would reduce a person`s travel emissions by 75 percent.”和最后一段的“Either through the provision of tools,…while strengthening community values.”可判断，作者在文章中重点强调这个观点：骑自行车是一种非常低碳、可持续的出行方式。故答案选 A 项。
30. 【答案】C
【解析】推理判断题。根据文章的内容可知，作者非常赞同和支持自行车厨房（bike kitchen）。故答案选C项。
31. 【答案】B
【解析】主旨大意题。本文主要讲的是自行车厨房的益处很多，但最关键的一点是可以推广骑行文化，从而让更多人爱上骑自行车。比较选项可知，B项最能概括文章大意。
D
【语篇导读】本文是一篇议论文，作者在文章中阐述了自己对拉拉队的观点和看法。
32. 【答案】D
【解析】细节理解题。根据第一段的“Cheerleading is the fastest growing women`s sport, yet many Americans think it can`t satisfy the standard and qualifications of a sport”可知，许多美国人认为，拉拉队不是一项运动，因为它不符合运动的标准和资格。比较选项可知，D 项符合。
33. 【答案】A
【解析】推理判断题。第二段主要讲述了竞技型拉拉队需要许多因素完美结合。要完成好拉拉队所有动作，团队配合非常重要。这一段证明了作者的观点：竞技型拉拉队是一项团队运动。故答案选A项。
34. 【答案】B
【解析】细节理解题。根据第三段的“Cheerleading is the major cause of serious sports injuries to women due to the fact that cheerleaders always perform without any equipment to protect them”及本段的内容可知，没有穿戴保护性的设备，从而造成了拉拉队是女性最容易受重伤的运动。故答案选 B 项。
35. 【答案】C
【解析】推理判断题。根据文章的内容尤其是最后一段可知，作者认为拉拉队非常有可能成为和足球、篮球等球类运动齐名的运动。故答案选C项。
第二节
【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文，文章介绍了鲸鱼如何做到在游动过程中保持睡眠的方法和特征。
36. 【答案】A
【解析】考查顺承关系。根据上文的内容可知，鲸鱼通常每隔15分钟要浮出水面呼吸，但像其它哺乳动物一样，它们也得睡觉。再结合接下来几段的内容可知，空格处的内容与“鲸鱼如何在这过程中睡觉”有关。故答案选A项。
37. 【答案】F
【解析】考查因果关系。根据上文的内容和下文的“Therefore, they have to be awake and alert at all times to prevent themselves from drowning.”可知，空格处的内容应该与“鲸鱼如何避免吸入海水”有关，比较选项可知，F项符合语境。
38. 【答案】G
【解析】考查例证关系。根据上文的“Whales have some of the largest brains on the planet.”和下文的“They can actively decide which part of their brains to use at a given time.”可知，空格处的内容应该与“鲸鱼的大脑”有关。比较选项可知，G项符合。
39. 【答案】E高二英语参考答案 第 5 页（共 8 页）
【解析】考查总分关系。根据上文的“When whales are sleeping, they can be seen keeping one eye closed while the other remains open.”和本段的内容可知，空格处的内容应该与“鲸鱼睡觉的技能”有关。比较选项可知，E项符合。
40. 【答案】C
【解析】考查并列关系。根据上文的“Other species, such as the humpback whales, have been observed resting motionless at the surface of the water for only 30 minutes.”可知，通过保持静止不动，座头鲸尽量保持体温不变。比较选项可知，C 项符合。
第三部分 语言运用
第一节
【语篇导读】本文是一篇记叙文，文章讲述了英裔比利时籍姑娘扎拉·拉瑟福德独自驾驶飞机环球飞行的故事。
41. 【答案】D
【解析】根据上文的“the youngest woman to fly alone around the world”和下文的内容可知，扎拉·拉瑟福德（Zara Rutherford）是英裔比利时籍的飞行员。故答案选D项。
42. 【答案】C
【解析】根据第一段的内容可知，扎拉·拉瑟福德的飞行需要三个月的时间完成。故答案选 C 项。
43. 【答案】A
【解析】根据上文的“But bad weather and visa delays kept her grounded”可知，因为糟糕的天气等原因，扎拉的飞行时间被迫延长两个月。故答案选A项，extended 意为“延长，延伸”。
44. 【答案】C
【解析】根据上文的“then she started in Belgium”和下文的“west over Britain”可知，然后扎拉从比利时出发，向西飞去。headed 意为“朝某个方向行进”。
45. 【答案】A
【解析】根据上文的“Rutherford couldn`t leave Alaska due to weather and visa delays.”可知，暴风雪又迫使扎拉不得不在俄罗斯停留一段时间。故答案选 A 项。
46. 【答案】B
【解析】根据第二段的“And then she started in Belgium”可知，扎拉结束自己的飞行路线后会回到欧洲。故答案选B项。
47. 【答案】C
【解析】根据下文的“for a round-the-world flight”可知，为了符合环球飞行的要求，飞行员得在印尼的占碑省和哥伦比亚的图马科省降落。故答案选C项。meet the requirement for…意为“满足……的要求”。
48. 【答案】A
【解析】根据下文的“for she had to deal with rain and snow”可知，扎拉的最后一段飞行非常艰难。故答案选A项。
49. 【答案】C
【解析】根据下文的“by the Belgian Air Force before landing”和“which she felt grateful for their company.”可知，在飞机降落前，比利时空军会陪伴扎拉一起飞行。故答案选C项。
50. 【答案】D
【解析】根据下文的“in small planes with her parents since she was six”可知，自从六岁时，扎拉就一直和父母乘坐小型飞机旅行。故答案选D项。
51. 【答案】A
【解析】根据语境可知，扎拉渴望成为一名宇航员。dreams of doing意为“梦想做某事，渴望做某事”。care about意为“关心，在乎”；insist on意为“坚持”；rely on意为“依靠，信赖”。
52. 【答案】B
【解析】根据语境可知，扎拉也希望自己的环球飞行能激发更多的女性对科学、技术和飞行等领域的兴趣。故答案选B项。
53. 【答案】A
【解析】根据下文的“as scientists, astronauts, CEOs or presidents”可知，男孩子们从小被教育要从事科学家、宇航员、首席执行官或总统等职业。故答案选A项。
54. 【答案】C
【解析】根据上文的“Boys are taught”可知，女孩子们被鼓励成为美丽、善良、助人为乐且可爱的人。故答案选C项。
55. 【答案】D
【解析】根据上文的“With my flight”和下文的“make their dreams come true”可知，扎拉希望自己的飞行可以让人们相信女孩子也可以成为一个有理想抱负的人。故答案选D项。
第二节
【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文，文章介绍了近些年较常见的 shrinkflation（缩水式通胀）经济现象，这是很多生产商和制造商在面临成本上升时，通过“减量不加价”的隐性加价手段，希望消费者继续购买他们的产品。
56. 【答案】maintaining
【解析】考查非谓语动词。while + doing 意为“当……时候，在……期间”。
57. 【答案】production
【解析】考查词形转换。in the process of production 意为“在生产过程中”，production 意为“生产”，是produce 的名词形式。
58. 【答案】to place
【解析】考查非谓语动词。根据上文的“Another way”可知，动词不定式在句中充当表语。
59. 【答案】consumers
【解析】考查名词复数。根据下文的“become”和文章的内容可知，空格处填复数形式。
60. 【答案】the
【解析】考查冠词用法。空格处 + price 是特指某一商品的价格。故填定冠词 the。
61. 【答案】has chosen
【解析】考查时态用法。根据上文的“So far”可知，空格处填现在完成时。
62. 【答案】 slightly
【解析】考查副词用法。副词在句中修饰 reduce，意为“稍微减少了巧克力的重量”。
63. 【答案】competition
【解析】考查词形转换。形容词在句中充当宾语补足语。
64. 【答案】that
【解析】考查宾语从句。it 在句中充当形式宾语，真正的宾语是空格处及后面的宾语从句。宾语从句信息完整，由that连接。
65. 【答案】on
【解析】考查介词用法。on the decrease 是固定搭配，意为“在减小中”。
第四部分 写作
第一节
One possible version:
Small Actions Can Make a Difference
Dear students! Recently, I’ve found that many students do some behaviors harmful to our environment. They always chat with their friends on the lawn. Wherever they go, they tend to throw rubbish. Even worse, they discard food they don’t like to eat and some paper which can still be used.
Now, it’s time that we said no to these bad behaviors and protected our environment. We should keep away from the lawn and never throw rubbish at will. Moreover, we can choose to use both sides of paper as often as possible. If everyone does his bit, it will surely make a difference! Thank you for your listening!
第二节
One possible version:
My husband was contacted and arrived at last. After I got home that day, I kept thinking about what she had done for me and wanted to do something for her. When I saw her working again at the store, I told her how grateful I was. However, she accepted nothing in return and just told me to pay it forward. Recently, the store has closed, and I never saw her again, but I never have forgotten her kindness that day.
I’ve become a person willing to help others thanks to that cup of coffee. Sometimes when I wait in line, I will let someone ahead of me. I will also pick up trash that someone tossed on the ground. I will always help a woman carry her heavy bags when I see her in trouble. I am so glad that I locked my keys in the car that day. Who would have thought one act of kindness could have so much of an effect on a person
辽宁省县级重点高中协作体2021-2022学年高二下学期期末考试
英语试卷
注意事项：
1. 答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。
2. 回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。
3. 考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分）
做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
例： How much is the shirt
A. 19.15. B. 9.18. C. 9.15.
答案是C。
1. Where does the conversation probably take place
A. In a supermarket. B. In a post office. C. In a street.
2. What does the woman ask the man to do
A. Translate a document. B. Meet a client. C. Prepare meeting materials.
3. How does the woman recognize the man
A. By his glasses. B. By his beard. C. By his clothes.
4. What are the speakers probably talking about
A. A sweater. B. The winter. C. A department store.
5. What is the woman's problem with Welsh learning
A. The lessons are too long. B. The teacher speaks too fast. C. The grammar is too difficult.
第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6. Which sport has the man stopped doing
A. Ice hockey. B. Skiing. C. Snowboarding.
7. What does the man think of skiing
A. It's hard to learn. B. It's expensive. C. It's too fast.
听第7段对话，回答第8至10题。
8. When does the conversation take place
A. On November 5th. B. On November 10th. C. On November 15th.
9. What is the woman's nationality
A. Japanese. B. Korean. C. Chinese.
10. What does the man often do on his birthday
A. Have longevity noodles. B. Have seaweed soup. C. Go out to sing karaoke.
听第8段对话，回答第11至13题。
11. When did the man begin to feel sick
A. On Friday. B. On Saturday. C. On Sunday.
12. What does the man think is wrong with himself
A. He has got a headache. B. He has got the flu. C. He has got a fever.
13. What does the woman suggest the man do
A. Try traditional Chinese medicine. B. Get up and dance around. C. Continue to take the pills.
听第9段材料，回答第14至第17题。
14. Why will the man go to California
A. For sightseeing. B. For a wedding. C. For a meeting.
15. Where are the speakers
A. In Texas. B. In Nevada. C. In Alaska.
16. How much does the man need to pay
A. $300. B. $320. C. $340.
17. How will the man pay
A. By check. B. By bank card. C. In cash.
听第10段材料，回答第18至第20题。
18. What is the most common cause of fire at home
A. Cooking in the kitchen.
B. Smoking in the bedroom.
C. Leaving lighters in the living room.
19. Why is it best to crawl to escape through smoky area
A. To get a clearer view. B. To breathe in more air. C. To avoid being burnt.
20. What are the listeners reminded to do in the end
A. Give up rescuing possessions.
B. Help out people who are trapped.
C. Contact firefighters as soon as possible.
第二部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
This fund is offered by the Idaho State Board of Education to support fine arts, performing arts, and design courses. It was intended to increase access to arts education for learners in rural public schools that otherwise may lack the resources to expand such programs.
*Requirements
An applicant must be an Idaho rural school district or Idaho rural charter school. Each qualified applicant may submit one application.
An applicant may request up to $15,000.
Deadline: June 30, 2023.
*Uses of this fund
An applicant must use this fund for the purchase of equipment, supplies, and curricular materials that support the establishment of arts or improvements to arts. But it may not be used for personnel（人员）or contracted services costs, professional development activities or design courses that are part of the Career and Technical Education curriculum（课程）.
*Application Components
An application will cover the following contents：
General applicant information and approval of the grant application submission by an authorizing official.
Four Narrative Questions： Population served and need to be addressed； Proposal description； Expected demand; Sustainability plan.
Budget: A budget form that asks for detailed expenses.
*Process
Applications will be submitted through the online WebGrants. Applications will be reviewed by a group of experts whose recommendations will be sent to the State Board of Education for approval in May. Applicants will be informed of the results in June.
21. Who can apply for this fund
A. A learner in a rural public school. B. A rural school from a specific district.
C. A learner who has no time to learn art. D. An applicant who requests over $30,000.
22. What is this fund used for
A. Holding a professional activity. B. Employing some teachers.
C. Buying art equipment for qualified schools. D. Designing some career courses.
23. What should applicants include in their applications
A. A detailed budget. B. An expert's recommendation.
C. An official's signature. D. A description of the equipment.
B
On a sunny day in May at the Saline Royale in Arc-et-Senans, France, a group of about 20 primary schoolchildren, armed with a notebook about plants, flowers and nature, are getting practical experiences with the world of gardening and learning about the natural environment.
The children then explore the gardens of the Saline Royale, where each class is led by a professional gardener. Students are able to dig, plant, use tools and develop skills while learning about the flowers and plants around them.
It's all part of the Manuterra program, a project for schools, started by the Foundation Enterprise Hermes. The program began in September 2021, and invites students aged 6 to 18 from Arc-et-Senans to design, make and tend a garden. Combining educational and environmental issues, the themes for each class will also be adapted to the children's ages and abilities.
The program is designed to offer the participants a brief introduction of many environmental issues such as the life of the soil, biodiversity, the making and use of organic fertilizers and the influence of climate change. The program also encourages young children to work together and maintain the precious ecological（生态的）balance as well as become familiar with their everyday natural surroundings.
The program hopes that as the students learn from the gardens of the Saline Royale, they will be able to take away knowledge to cultivate their own space where they can grow various plants and flowers and preserve biodiversity for future generations.
"There is a drive to pass on knowledge to preserve the planet," said Laurent Pejoux, director of this program. "Climate change makes us take responsibility, and Manuterra is a response to this in order for the younger generations to protect the environment."
24. What are these children doing at the Saline Royale
A. Performing some physical activities. B. Getting some knowledge on agriculture.
C. Protecting the natural environment. D. Getting hands-on experiences in a project.
25. What is the purpose of the Manuterra program
A. To strengthen the children's sense of teamwork.
B. To introduce the children to environmental issues.
C. To help the children know the value of hard work.
D. To offer the children a chance to survive the wild.
26. What does the underlined word "cultivate" in Paragraph 5 mean
A. Develop. B. Support. C. Imagine. D. Record.
27. What is implied in Laurent Pejoux's words in the last paragraph
A. Everyone should adapt to climate changes.
B. It's beneficial for us to protect the environment.
C. The program makes a difference to the children.
D. The children need a drive to protect the environment.
C
Cycling is considered one of the most efficient ways to travel due to its small carbon footprint. Many people are happy to ride a bike in their everyday life. However, better infrastructure（基本设施）and a cultural shift are needed to ensure that more people will ride a bike. Bike kitchens are part of a worldwide movement that can help with such a challenge.
In bike kitchens, tools, used parts, and repair assistance are provided to their members. They donate bikes and have become spaces for social exchange. They also make efforts to improve basic infrastructure, which plays a key role in ensuring the safety and comfort of cyclists in areas such as the development of bike lanes and bike parking. But that alone is not enough. Building a cycling culture that is socially accepted to most, means having significant amounts of people developing skills of riding bikes.
Cycling has various benefits, like promoting physical and mental health. More importantly, the infrastructure needed for bikes doesn't require a huge budget. Besides, bicycles are the most practical and sustainable means of travel for short and medium distance, and also for recreation and sport. Therefore, a cycling culture appears urgent and significant. For individuals in many developed countries, transport can be the largest part of their carbon footprint. Transport accounts for about one-fifth of global carbon dioxide（CO2）emissions. For short or medium distances, bikes are one of the lowest-carbon ways to travel. Even more shockingly, using a bike instead of a car for short trips would reduce a person's travel emissions by 75 percent.
Bike kitchens in particular, extend the lifespan of bikes and their parts. They help build a community economy that prevents waste generation, since most parts are secondhand, fixed, or reused. Either through the supply of tools, parts, workshops, fixing sessions, or bikes for free, bike kitchens encourage a more sustainable way of traveling that makes cities friendlier, while strengthening community values.
28. Which of the following can be done in bike kitchens
A. Exchanging bikes. B. Teaching others to ride bikes.
C. Purchasing the new parts. D. Developing riding skills.
29. What does the author want to stress in the text
A. Cycling is a sustainable way to travel.
B. Transport is still a challenging problem.
C. Everyone should have an eco-friendly travel.
D. Bikes are also suitable for a long distance travel.
30. What is the author's attitude towards bike kitchens according to the text
A. Critical. B. Doubtful. C. Positive. D. Grateful.
31. What is the main idea of the text
A. Bike kitchens reduce people's travel influences.
B. Bike kitchens are helping boost cycling culture.
C. Bike kitchens are gaining popularity in the world.
D. Bike kitchens make cycling accessible to everyone.
D
Cheerleading is the fastest growing women's sport, yet many Americans think it can't satisfy the standards and qualifications of a sport. In addition, they fail to distinguish between sideline cheerleaders and competitive ones. Sideline cheerleaders' main goal is to entertain the crowd and lead them with team cheers, which should not be considered a sport. However, it is true of competitive cheerleading.
Competitive cheerleading includes lots of physical activity. Cheerleaders must learn to fall and perform many complex actions, like lifts and tosses. This is where the "fliers" are thrown in the air, held by "bases" in different positions that require strength and cooperation with other teammates. The whole routine has to be completed in less than three minutes and 15 seconds and the cheerleaders are required to stay within a certain area. Just like gymnasts, they are awarded points for difficulty, technique, creativity and sharpness. Cheerleading is a team sport, so without cooperation, first place is out of reach.
Cheerleading is the major cause of serious sports injuries to women due to the fact that cheerleaders always perform without any equipment to protect them. While many athletes in other sports are well protected, smiling cheerleaders are tossed into the air and fall down into the arms of trusted teammates. The fliers must remain tight all the time so that their bases can catch them safely. Because cheerleading is not recognized as a sport by many schools, proper equipment isn't provided to ensure safety. Therefore, more recognition of competitive cheerleading as a sport would decrease the number of injuries.
Competitive cheerleading is a physical activity governed by rules under which a winner can be declared and its primary purpose is to compare the skills of participants. Hopefully, cheerleading will become as well-known a sport as football and basketball, and even appear in the Olympics since cheerleaders are just as athletic and physically fit as those involved in the more accepted sports.
32. What do many Americans think of cheerleading
A. It is aimed at cheering the audience. B. It focuses on strength and teamwork.
C. It does no good to women's health. D. It fails to meet the criteria of a sport.
33. What does the author mainly want to tell us in Paragraph 2
A. Competitive cheerleading is a team sport.
B. Cheerleaders must train hard to win first place.
C. There are no limits to competitive cheerleading.
D. Strength is essential to competitive cheerleading.
34. Why is it easy for cheerleaders to get seriously injured
A. They are not skillful in performance. B. They don't wear protective equipment.
C. They are exposed to some dangers. D. They always perform various techniques.
35. Which of the following is the author's opinion of cheerleading
A. It consumes a lot of energy and strength. B. It will become more famous than football.
C. It is likely to become well known in future. D. It should be equipped with various purposes.
第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Like all mammals, whales need to sleep in order to survive. But they are also air breathers, meaning that they cannot sleep in the water all the time. There are around 90 different types of whale, which can hold their breath for about an hour, depending on the species. However, they usually travel up to the surface to breathe every 15 minutes. 36
Some scientists have found that whales cannot become fully unconscious or they would drown. To deal with living in the water full-time while having to breathe air, these air-breathers have evolved into voluntary ones, as a way to prevent accidentally breathing in water at inopportune moments. 37 Therefore, they have to be awake and alert at all times to prevent themselves from drowning.
Whales have some of the largest brains on the planet. 38 They can actively decide which part of their brains to use at a given time. This particular way of sleeping can be seen most clearly in captive（圈养的）whales. When whales are sleeping, they can be seen keeping one eye closed while the other remains open.
39 Some species, like sperm whales, enter a deeper sleep where they hang in groups, vertically, not too far below the surface for just over an hour. Other species, such as the humpback whales, have been observed resting motionless at the surface of the water for only 30 minutes. 40 And, killer whales, which are very socially complex, never swim too far from the other members of their pod, sleeping in close groups.
A. So how exactly do they get any sleep
B. They continue to swim slowly and regularly.
C. They won't lose their body temperature by staying still.
D. It's an interesting dilemma for wholly ocean air breathers.
E. This sleeping technique varies slightly among species, however.
F. Whales consciously control their blowholes with powerful muscles.
G. Sperm whales in particular have the biggest brain of any living mammal.
第三部分语言运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Zara Rutherford has set the world record as the youngest woman to fly alone around the world. The British-Belgian 41 started her trip worldwide on August 18, 2021.
The 42 was supposed to take three months. But bad weather and visa delays kept her grounded and 43 the trip by about two months. And then she started in Belgium and 44 west over Britain, Iceland, and Greenland. The path took her over Canada and the United States.
Rutherford couldn't leave Alaska due to weather and visa delays. A winter storm forced another long 45 in Russia before she traveled to Korea, the Middle East, and 46 to Europe.
To meet the 47 for a round-the-world flight, Rutherford had to land on two points opposite each other on Earth: Jambi in Indonesia and Tumaco in Colombia. The last part of her trip had been 48 , for she had to deal with rain and snow. But she was happy to be 49 by the Belgian Air Force before landing, which she felt grateful for their company.
Rutherford has been 50 traveling in small planes with her parents since she was six. She gained her pilot's license in 2020 and started flying herself at 14. She 51 being an astronaut and she hopes her trip will get more women 52 in science, technology, and aviation.
Rutherford said, "Boys are taught to choose their 53 as scientists, astronauts, CEOs or presidents. Girls are often 54 to be beautiful, kind, helpful and sweet. With my flight, I want to show young women that they can be 55 and make their dreams come true."
41. A. surfer B. soldier C. engineer D. pilot
42. A. challenge B. passage C. flight D. sailing
43. A. extended B. developed C. designed D. explored
44. A. directed B. forced C. headed D. pushed
45. A. pause B. holiday C. sleep D. rest
46. A. moved B. returned C. travelled D. rushed
47. A. curiosity B. deadline C. requirement D. permission
48. A. difficult B. necessary C. secure D. dependent
49. A. rescued B. watched C. accompanied D. praised
50. A. yet B. ever C. still D. always
51. A. dreams of B. cares about C. insists on D. relies on
52. A. upset B. interested C. included D. puzzled
53. A. careers B. hobbies C. chances D. responsibilities
54. A. reminded B. warned C. encouraged D. informed
55. A. energetic B. confident C. logical D. ambitious
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
A new phenomenon is taking hold worldwide—"shrinkflation". This is when companies reduce the size of their products or range of services while 56 （maintain）prices. It is in reaction to the rising prices of raw materials needed in the process of 57 （produce）. Another way companies choose is 58 （place）smaller items in larger boxes, making shoppers think they're getting more for their money. In fact, 59 （consumer）become more sensitive to price than quantity or quality. Most shoppers will make a regular purchase, even if it has shrunk（缩小）, as long as 60 price has not risen.
So far, the chocolate maker Cadbury 61 （choose）to shrink the size of one of its products by 10%. A company spokesperson said: "We expect to absorb costs in this difficult environment so we have had to make the decision to 62 （slight）reduce the weight of chocolate bars for the first time since 2012, so that we can keep them surviving in the fierce 63 （compete）." The service industry is also trying to keep from raising prices. The hotel chains Hilton have made it a rule 64 guests must now request daily housekeeping services. Many other free services we have taken for granted are also 65 the decrease.
第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（满分15分）
你校英语社团准备举行以"Small Actions Can Make a Difference"为主题的英语演讲比赛，请你写一篇演讲稿参加比赛，内容包括：
1. 介绍校园不良现象；
2. 提出合理的建议和措施。
注意：
1. 写作词数应为80左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Small Actions Can Make a Difference
第二节（满分25分）
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
The Cup of Coffee
It should have been a normal trip to the supermarket. My son was little, and it was getting close to naptime, so I was in a hurry. I remember feeling a sense of accomplishment as I got him into the car without any tears. Then I went to start the car and realized my keys were gone. After a few minutes of checking around, I realized that I must have locked them in the trunk（后备箱）with my bag.
I wasn't sure what to do, so I took my son out of his car seat and went back inside the store with my cart still full of groceries. I had to use their phone to call my husband for the spare key because my phone was in the bag I had locked in the trunk. After several calls and messages with no answer, I was getting annoyed. My son was tired and getting nervous. I was exhausted from a sleepless night that all moms go through when their kids are teething. When he went into full-on crying, I felt the tears come down my face, too.
An employee at the store patted me on the shoulder and asked me to come with her. I was panicked, thinking that I was going to be scolded and thrown into the storage area to keep us quiet. To my surprise, the employee took me to the Starbucks café that was inside the store. She asked me if I drank coffee. When I said yes, she walked over to the counter and came back with one for me.
I told her how stupid it was to lock my keys in the car, and she assured me it happened to many people. As we talked, my son settled into a sound sleep in my arms. Fifteen minutes later, her break was over, and she had to get back to work. She said if I couldn't get in touch with my husband, they would call someone to come out and get the trunk open.
注意：
1. 续写词数应为150左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
My husband was contacted and arrived at last. I've become a person willing to help others thanks to that cup of coffee.
绝密★启用前
辽宁省县级重点高中协作体2021-2022学年高二下学期期末考试
英语参考答案
第一部分 听力
1—5 CACAB 6—10 ABACB 11—15 CBACB 16—20 ACBCA
听力录音文本
Text 1
M: Excuse me. How can I get to the nearest supermarket
W: It’s on Pennings Road. Go past the post office and it’s on your left.
Text 2
W: Bill, I’m busy preparing meeting materials. I was wondering if you could help me translate this file. M: Is that urgent I need to meet a client later.
W: Yes. In that case, I’ll ask someone else for help.
Text 3
W: Oh, hi, John, it’s you! I thought so––I’d recognize that jacket anywhere.
M: I see you have to wear glasses now as well. I’m still not really used to mine.
W: But they look good on you, particularly now you’ve shaved your beard.
Text 4
W: Look, Roger. I’ve been shopping. They’ve got some great things in StyleRight.
M: Hey! That’s brilliant. Lovely colors and it’ll keep you warm in the winter.
W: Yes, but are the sleeves too short for me
M: No, they look fine.
Text 5
M: Ann, what about your Welsh language course
W: I thought the grammar would be hard, but it isn’t. The main issue is our teacher––if she spoke more slowly, I’d understand a lot more. The classes are only an hour long, so just when I’m getting into the lesson, it’s over!
Text 6
W: You’re doing a lot of winter sports this year, aren’t you
M: That’s right. Snowboarding has been a first-time experience for me.
W: How long has it taken you to learn it
M: It’s taken me a while to learn, but now, I find it hard to stop!
W: What else have you tried
M: Ice hockey too—I’ve always enjoyed watching. It’s too fast, though, and I gave it up in the end.
W: And other sports
M: Skiing is a bit scary but it’s so exciting that I just can’t get enough of it. It’s a shame that it’s such an expensive sport to do.
W: Yes, I know.
Text 7
W: My birthday is only 10 days away, and I plan to spend it with my parents.
M: Is that on November 15th
W: Yeah.
M: What do you usually do to celebrate your birthday
W: I usually have longevity noodles and go out to sing karaoke.
M: Are you from China
W: Yes, but I work in Japan now.
M: I see. In Korea, we always have seaweed soup on our birthdays.
W: I know, because I often see that in Korean dramas.
Text 8
W: How are things going
M: I was feeling great on Saturday, but I started to feel sick on Sunday afternoon. I’m really worried because I have to give a presentation on Friday.
W: What seems to be the problem
M: I thought I have the flu. But the doctor said it was just a bad cold. He gave me some pills, but they don’t seem to help.
W: Listen, forget about the pills. I have just the thing to get rid of bad colds. You see, my mom is really into traditional
Chinese medicine. M: Does it work
W: Come on! Give it a try! Just take some of my mom’s Chinese medicine and you’ll be up and dancing around in no time.
M: Well, I guess nothing else seems to be doing the job.
W: Great.
Text 9
W: Thrifty Car Rental. Can I help you
M: Yeah. My friend recommended your company to me. She rented your car and went to Texas for sightseeing last month. I’m going to California for a conference this weekend and it’s a short drive from Nevada to get there, so I have to rent a car for two days.
W: Okay. What size do you have in mind
M: A mid-sized car is perfect.
W: How about that black car $170 a day including tax and insurance.
M: Can you make it a little cheaper
W: How about $10 off
M: Come on. My sister is getting married in Alaska next month. If I’m satisfied with your company this time, I’ll definitely come back again next month.
W: Well, in that case, I would ask $150 a day.
M: Deal.
W: How would you like to pay, by check or bank card
M: I’m sorry I only carry some cash on me.
W: Okay. And remember to return the car with a full tank of gas.
Text 10
W: Good afternoon. I’m here to give you some tips on how to prevent house fires and the best way of getting away from a fire. Most house fires happen while people are sleeping. The most cause of house fires involves smoking in the bedroom. It’s important to keep matches and lighters out of the reach of children.
If you are trapped in your home by smoke or flames, close all the doors, and stuff towels or clothing under the doors to keep smoke out. Cover your nose and mouth with a wet cloth. If you have to escape through a smoky area, remember the following tip. Crawl out on all fours to avoid smoke and dangerous flames. Finally, and very importantly, if a fire breaks out, don’t try to rescue pets or possessions. Here, I want to remind the following thing. Once you’ve got out, don`t go back. Firefighters have a better chance of rescuing people who are trapped.
第二部分 阅读
第一节
A
【语篇导读】本文是一篇应用文，文章介绍了爱达荷州为乡村公立学校和乡村特许学校设置的一项专门资金，该资金只能用于购买学校艺术设备、美术用品及艺术课程所需要的资源。
21. 【答案】B
【解析】细节理解题。根据第一段的“This fund is offered by the Idaho State Board of Education to support fine arts, performing arts, and design courses”和第二段的 requirements 相关内容可知，该资金专门是为爱达荷州规定区域的乡村公立学校和乡村特许学校设置的，不是针对个人。比较选项可知，B项符合。
22. 【答案】 C
【解析】细节理解题。根据“Uses of this fund”中的内容可知，该资金只能用于购买学校艺术设备、美术用品及艺术课程所需要的资源。比较选项可知，C项符合。
23. 【答案】A
【解析】细节理解题。根据“Application components”和“Process”的内容可知，申请这笔资金的学校应该把以下内容写进申请书：申请人信息、权威人士签署的意见、四个陈述性的问题和资金预算等。比较选项可知，A项符合。
B
【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文，文章介绍了帮助孩子们了解环境保护的 Manuterra体验项目。
24. 【答案】D
【解析】细节理解题。根据第一、二、三段的内容可知，Manuterra 体验项目给6至18岁的孩子提供有关自然环境和环境保护等内容的研学活动。那些孩子正在参加这个活动。比较选项可知，D项符合。
25. 【答案】B
【解析】细节理解题。根据第四段的内容可知，Manuterra 体验项目的目的是帮助孩子们了解生物多样性、有机肥料的制作和使用等环境话题。比较选项可知，B项符合。
26. 【答案】A
【解析】词义猜测题。根据下文的“their own space where they can grow various plants and flowers”可知，孩子们可以培育自己的空间，他们可以在那里种植植物和鲜花。该词意为“培育，开发，耕作”，与A项同义。
27. 【答案】C
【解析】推理判断题。Laurent Pejoux 对 Manuterra 体验项目评价很高，他认为这个项目不仅影响孩子们的成长，而且还有利于环境保护。比较选项可知，C项符合。
C
【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文，文章介绍了全球正在兴起的自行车厨房热，自行车厨房的建立有助于骑行文化的推广，从而让更多人爱上骑自行车。
28. 【答案】D
【解析】细节理解题。根据第二段的“Building a cycling culture that is socially accepted to most, means having significant amounts of people developing skills of riding bikes.”可知，骑行文化的建立可以让许多人提升自己的车技。故答案选D项。
29. 【答案】A
【解析】推理判断题。根据第三段的“For individuals in many developed countries,…would reduce a person`s travel emissions by 75 percent.”和最后一段的“Either through the provision of tools,…while strengthening community values.”可判断，作者在文章中重点强调这个观点：骑自行车是一种非常低碳、可持续的出行方式。故答案选 A 项。
30. 【答案】C
【解析】推理判断题。根据文章的内容可知，作者非常赞同和支持自行车厨房（bike kitchen）。故答案选C项。
31. 【答案】B
【解析】主旨大意题。本文主要讲的是自行车厨房的益处很多，但最关键的一点是可以推广骑行文化，从而让更多人爱上骑自行车。比较选项可知，B项最能概括文章大意。
D
【语篇导读】本文是一篇议论文，作者在文章中阐述了自己对拉拉队的观点和看法。
32. 【答案】D
【解析】细节理解题。根据第一段的“Cheerleading is the fastest growing women`s sport, yet many Americans think it can`t satisfy the standard and qualifications of a sport”可知，许多美国人认为，拉拉队不是一项运动，因为它不符合运动的标准和资格。比较选项可知，D 项符合。
33. 【答案】A
【解析】推理判断题。第二段主要讲述了竞技型拉拉队需要许多因素完美结合。要完成好拉拉队所有动作，团队配合非常重要。这一段证明了作者的观点：竞技型拉拉队是一项团队运动。故答案选A项。
34. 【答案】B
【解析】细节理解题。根据第三段的“Cheerleading is the major cause of serious sports injuries to women due to the fact that cheerleaders always perform without any equipment to protect them”及本段的内容可知，没有穿戴保护性的设备，从而造成了拉拉队是女性最容易受重伤的运动。故答案选 B 项。
35. 【答案】C
【解析】推理判断题。根据文章的内容尤其是最后一段可知，作者认为拉拉队非常有可能成为和足球、篮球等球类运动齐名的运动。故答案选C项。
第二节
【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文，文章介绍了鲸鱼如何做到在游动过程中保持睡眠的方法和特征。
36. 【答案】A
【解析】考查顺承关系。根据上文的内容可知，鲸鱼通常每隔15分钟要浮出水面呼吸，但像其它哺乳动物一样，它们也得睡觉。再结合接下来几段的内容可知，空格处的内容与“鲸鱼如何在这过程中睡觉”有关。故答案选A项。
37. 【答案】F
【解析】考查因果关系。根据上文的内容和下文的“Therefore, they have to be awake and alert at all times to prevent themselves from drowning.”可知，空格处的内容应该与“鲸鱼如何避免吸入海水”有关，比较选项可知，F项符合语境。
38. 【答案】G
【解析】考查例证关系。根据上文的“Whales have some of the largest brains on the planet.”和下文的“They can actively decide which part of their brains to use at a given time.”可知，空格处的内容应该与“鲸鱼的大脑”有关。比较选项可知，G项符合。
39. 【答案】E高二英语参考答案 第 5 页（共 8 页）
【解析】考查总分关系。根据上文的“When whales are sleeping, they can be seen keeping one eye closed while the other remains open.”和本段的内容可知，空格处的内容应该与“鲸鱼睡觉的技能”有关。比较选项可知，E项符合。
40. 【答案】C
【解析】考查并列关系。根据上文的“Other species, such as the humpback whales, have been observed resting motionless at the surface of the water for only 30 minutes.”可知，通过保持静止不动，座头鲸尽量保持体温不变。比较选项可知，C 项符合。
第三部分 语言运用
第一节
【语篇导读】本文是一篇记叙文，文章讲述了英裔比利时籍姑娘扎拉·拉瑟福德独自驾驶飞机环球飞行的故事。
41. 【答案】D
【解析】根据上文的“the youngest woman to fly alone around the world”和下文的内容可知，扎拉·拉瑟福德（Zara Rutherford）是英裔比利时籍的飞行员。故答案选D项。
42. 【答案】C
【解析】根据第一段的内容可知，扎拉·拉瑟福德的飞行需要三个月的时间完成。故答案选 C 项。
43. 【答案】A
【解析】根据上文的“But bad weather and visa delays kept her grounded”可知，因为糟糕的天气等原因，扎拉的飞行时间被迫延长两个月。故答案选A项，extended 意为“延长，延伸”。
44. 【答案】C
【解析】根据上文的“then she started in Belgium”和下文的“west over Britain”可知，然后扎拉从比利时出发，向西飞去。headed 意为“朝某个方向行进”。
45. 【答案】A
【解析】根据上文的“Rutherford couldn`t leave Alaska due to weather and visa delays.”可知，暴风雪又迫使扎拉不得不在俄罗斯停留一段时间。故答案选 A 项。
46. 【答案】B
【解析】根据第二段的“And then she started in Belgium”可知，扎拉结束自己的飞行路线后会回到欧洲。故答案选B项。
47. 【答案】C
【解析】根据下文的“for a round-the-world flight”可知，为了符合环球飞行的要求，飞行员得在印尼的占碑省和哥伦比亚的图马科省降落。故答案选C项。meet the requirement for…意为“满足……的要求”。
48. 【答案】A
【解析】根据下文的“for she had to deal with rain and snow”可知，扎拉的最后一段飞行非常艰难。故答案选A项。
49. 【答案】C
【解析】根据下文的“by the Belgian Air Force before landing”和“which she felt grateful for their company.”可知，在飞机降落前，比利时空军会陪伴扎拉一起飞行。故答案选C项。
50. 【答案】D
【解析】根据下文的“in small planes with her parents since she was six”可知，自从六岁时，扎拉就一直和父母乘坐小型飞机旅行。故答案选D项。
51. 【答案】A
【解析】根据语境可知，扎拉渴望成为一名宇航员。dreams of doing意为“梦想做某事，渴望做某事”。care about意为“关心，在乎”；insist on意为“坚持”；rely on意为“依靠，信赖”。
52. 【答案】B
【解析】根据语境可知，扎拉也希望自己的环球飞行能激发更多的女性对科学、技术和飞行等领域的兴趣。故答案选B项。
53. 【答案】A
【解析】根据下文的“as scientists, astronauts, CEOs or presidents”可知，男孩子们从小被教育要从事科学家、宇航员、首席执行官或总统等职业。故答案选A项。
54. 【答案】C
【解析】根据上文的“Boys are taught”可知，女孩子们被鼓励成为美丽、善良、助人为乐且可爱的人。故答案选C项。
55. 【答案】D
【解析】根据上文的“With my flight”和下文的“make their dreams come true”可知，扎拉希望自己的飞行可以让人们相信女孩子也可以成为一个有理想抱负的人。故答案选D项。
第二节
【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文，文章介绍了近些年较常见的 shrinkflation（缩水式通胀）经济现象，这是很多生产商和制造商在面临成本上升时，通过“减量不加价”的隐性加价手段，希望消费者继续购买他们的产品。
56. 【答案】maintaining
【解析】考查非谓语动词。while + doing 意为“当……时候，在……期间”。
57. 【答案】production
【解析】考查词形转换。in the process of production 意为“在生产过程中”，production 意为“生产”，是produce 的名词形式。
58. 【答案】to place
【解析】考查非谓语动词。根据上文的“Another way”可知，动词不定式在句中充当表语。
59. 【答案】consumers
【解析】考查名词复数。根据下文的“become”和文章的内容可知，空格处填复数形式。
60. 【答案】the
【解析】考查冠词用法。空格处 + price 是特指某一商品的价格。故填定冠词 the。
61. 【答案】has chosen
【解析】考查时态用法。根据上文的“So far”可知，空格处填现在完成时。
62. 【答案】 slightly
【解析】考查副词用法。副词在句中修饰 reduce，意为“稍微减少了巧克力的重量”。
63. 【答案】competition
【解析】考查词形转换。形容词在句中充当宾语补足语。
64. 【答案】that
【解析】考查宾语从句。it 在句中充当形式宾语，真正的宾语是空格处及后面的宾语从句。宾语从句信息完整，由that连接。
65. 【答案】on
【解析】考查介词用法。on the decrease 是固定搭配，意为“在减小中”。
第四部分 写作
第一节
One possible version:
Small Actions Can Make a Difference
Dear students! Recently, I’ve found that many students do some behaviors harmful to our environment. They always chat with their friends on the lawn. Wherever they go, they tend to throw rubbish. Even worse, they discard food they don’t like to eat and some paper which can still be used.
Now, it’s time that we said no to these bad behaviors and protected our environment. We should keep away from the lawn and never throw rubbish at will. Moreover, we can choose to use both sides of paper as often as possible. If everyone does his bit, it will surely make a difference! Thank you for your listening!
第二节
One possible version:
My husband was contacted and arrived at last. After I got home that day, I kept thinking about what she had done for me and wanted to do something for her. When I saw her working again at the store, I told her how grateful I was. However, she accepted nothing in return and just told me to pay it forward. Recently, the store has closed, and I never saw her again, but I never have forgotten her kindness that day.
I’ve become a person willing to help others thanks to that cup of coffee. Sometimes when I wait in line, I will let someone ahead of me. I will also pick up trash that someone tossed on the ground. I will always help a woman carry her heavy bags when I see her in trouble. I am so glad that I locked my keys in the car that day. Who would have thought one act of kindness could have so much of an effect on a person
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