8AModule 3 Unit 2 This year we training more carefully.教学设计与实施

第一部分 外研版英语八年级上模块四第二单元第一课时教案
Lesson Plan for
M3 U2 This year we are training more carefully
一、教学分析
（一）教材分析
本课教学内容选自外研社八年级上册Module 3 Sports Unit 2 This year we are Training more carefully 中的Training hard一文。本单元的主题语境是“人与自我”，涉及的主题语境内容是“校园生活——体育锻炼”。文章就语篇类型而言，属于记叙文中的日记，文中主要描述了Li Daming和足球队队员在此次足球训练过程中较已往更加努力刻苦的故事。本文的叙事角度为第一视角，作者从训练时间、训练过程中遇到的困难、训练结果以及艰苦训练的目的这几个角度撰写本文，并在文中大量使用比较级使语言更为生动具体，且为学生学习如何撰写有关“体育训练”的日记提供了很好的范例。同时文章描写的Daming及其队友未被困难和失败击倒，反而更为刻苦地训练的故事，传递出的乐观向上，积极进取的精神，对学生价值观的塑造，情感的升华也大有裨益。
（二）学生分析
本次授课的对象是某省某初中的初二学生，他们已具备一定的语言基础和语言运用能力，对于“运动”有关的话题具有非常浓厚的兴趣，乐于分享自己关于运动的经历。在本单元前期的学习过程中，学生已就运动有关的话题进行了初步探讨。此外学生已掌握了与运动相关的名词，且初步了解了比较级的用法，学生学习时能迅速掌握文章的主旨大意，这些都为本课的学习提供了很好的铺垫。但是他们在定位文章关键信息方面和高阶思维发展发面仍有所欠缺，不能通过文章中的细节信息，推理判断主人公的性格。同时不了解如何从多个角度撰写一篇体现自身刻苦进行体育训练的训练日记，同时学生不能正确运用比较级从而体现相应的语法意义的文章，因此这仍需要教师提供进一步的指导。
（三）教学目标
语言能力
进一步熟悉并掌握本单元中与运动话题相关的词汇、句型等基础知识；
能理解并掌握比较级的意义和用法，并运用这一规则撰写一篇体现体育训练艰辛的日记；
通过分析概括本篇文章，能从训练时间、训练困难、训练结果、训练原因等方面撰写出一篇体现训练艰苦的日记。
能通过分析句子的结构，快速定位关键信息。
文化意识
感悟并体会到文中所传递得不怕失败，积极向上得乐观情绪，以及主人公艰苦奋斗的
精神。
思维品质
总结归纳比较级在文中的意义和用法。
能够就文章中的细节信息，推断并分析主人公Daming的人物性格。
学习能力
能够以合作学习的方式进行知识的迁移创新，共同撰写出一篇体现体育训练艰的日记。
（四）教学重点和难点
能理解并掌握比较级的意义和用法。（重点）
赏析并模仿本篇文章的语言和框架特点，完成“体育训练”这一日记的写作任务。（难点）
（五）教学思路
本节课以阅读为输入、模仿写作为输出来突破本节课的教学难点。首先，教师通过师生对话，激活学生在本单元所学习的词汇及语法知识；接着学生通过阅读Daming撰写的日记，分析概括其包含的内容和逻辑框架，并运用本单元所学习的相关话题词汇、语法知识和篇章结构来进行仿写练习。教师引导学生通过小组讨论，为学生语言输出提供着力点，引导他们能就自己的体育训练过程进行相关的输出。本节课设计的基本流程为“激发兴趣，感知新知——分析总结，深化新知——合作讨论，迁移创新——回归策略，运用新知。”通过本节课的学习，学生课后能够基于本节课的语法点和课文的逻辑框架撰写一篇体现体育训练艰辛的日记。具体设计如图1所示：
(
激活话题
激发兴趣
感知新知
归纳总结
分析总结
深化新知
合作讨论
迁移创新
回归策略
运用新知
内容理解
语言特色
小组讨论
整合写作
评价修改
)
图1 教学步骤流程图
二、教学过程
教学步骤
步骤一：激发兴趣，感知新知（5分钟）
活动一：师生对话，引出知识点（3分钟）
Answer teacher’s some questions and review the usage of comparative adjectives and irregular comparatives.
Questions:
Q1: Are you studying harder
Q2: Are you getting up earlier
Q3: Is your English teacher more handsome
Q4: Are you getting better grades
Q5: Are you studying more carefully
【师生互动】
T: Boys and girls, now you are in Grade 8, and your life must have changed a lot compared with your primary school life’s. Now, I want to know more about these changes. I will ask you some questions, please answer me!
Ss: Okay!
T: Here comes the first question. Am I more handsome than your last teacher
Ss: Yes!
T: Well, you can speaker louder. Your last teacher won’t hear that!
Ss: Yes!
T: Thank you, how lovely you are! And the second question: Are you getting up earlier than you did when you were in primary school
Ss: Yes.
T: Oh, I am sorry to hear that. So you need to sleep early so that you can have enough sleep time. The third question: are you getting better graders now
Ss: Yes/No
T: Wow, some says yes, some says no. So, the students says no, don’t worry, you can study harder from now on to get better grades! And the third question: are you studying more carefully now
Ss: Yes!
T: Cool, I am happy to hear that all of you say yes. And our friend Li Daming also work on something more carefully just like you.
【设计说明】通过师生对话，能充分调动学生的学习积极性，活跃课堂气氛，启发学生的思维。同时，学生通过复习之前所学的语法知识点，为接下去的教学及最后的写作打好基础。
活动二：预测推断（2分钟）
Make some predictions based on the title of the unit.
Question:
Q1: Who are training more carefully
Q2: What is the training
【师生互动】
T: And Daming just says “This year we are training more carefully.” And I have some questions about the sentence. “Who are training more carefully” and “what is the training”. What’s your idea Linda, I see your hands, you please.
S1: I think Daming and his parents are training more carefully. And the training is about losing weight.
T: Wow, an interesting guess. What about you, Jack
S2: Maybe it’s Daming and his friends. It’s the basketball training.
T: It’s close to the answer! I can see that you are all good at guessing. Now, let’s read the passage and check our predictions.
【设计说明】通过就题目进行预测，不仅能锻炼学生的思维，激发学生对课文的兴趣，同时读前预测也是一种有效的学习策略。
步骤二：分析总结，深化新知（25分钟）
活动一：快速阅读，了解主旨大意（2分钟）
Read the passage quickly and check whether their predictions are right.
Questions:
Q1: Who are training more carefully
Q2: What is the training.
【师生互动】
T: What is the answer Who wants to have a try. Okay, you please.
S1: It’s Daming and his friends who are training soccer more carefully.
T: Super! You got the answer.
【设计说明】快速浏览文章可以帮助学生了解文章大意，为后续进一步分析文本内容做好铺垫。
活动二：分析语言，归纳总结（15分钟）
Read the passage more carefully, and fill in the chart and find out the common features of the language used.
Questions:
Q1: Fill the chart
Q2:What is the common feartuer of the words in red (words in comparative forms)
Q3:Why does Daming use comparative forms here
【师生互动】
T: Well, we can see that they are training soccer more carefully this year, right And Daming also writes a diary about his training. And he writes down so many things about its training, now I want you to read the passage carefully and find out “what are these things” and “why does Daming say so”.
Ss: Okay.
T: And before your work, I have a tip for you. You can scan the passage for the key words to help you fill in the missing blanks. And what are key words The verbs Nouns Adjective and adverb Who knows What about you Jack I find you are thinking!
S1: Sorry, I don’t know.
T: Well, it doesn’t matter. You can look at the word “train”, it is a verb. Right So, what kind of words usually comes after verbs Jack
S1: adverbs.
T: Good job, Jack. And look at the next sentences. In this sentence, before the blank it is a linking verb, and in this sentence, it is a noun after the blanks. So in the blanks, we should fill in
S1: adjectives.
T: Yeah, Jack! You got the point! Let’s clap for our clever Jack. So, when we fill in blanks, we need to pay more attention to keywords: adjectives and adverbs!
.......
T: Have you finished Good, now let’s check the answer. What about the first blank Judy, you please!
S1: We are training harder than usual.
T: Good. And why do they do so
S1: Because The other team beat us last year. This year we want to do better.
T: Yeah, you have found the right answer. So we can see that Daming doesn’t give up and try harder. Right And what about the second blank, Judy.
S1: It is more difficult to practice in winter.
T: why
S1: The days are short and the weather is cold.
T: So do you agree with her answer
Ss: Yes!
T: Good job Judy. And Cathy, I see your hands. It’s your time to show your answer!
S2: In the first blank, I fill in “better”. The reason is that this year we training more carefully.
T: Wow, How do you find the reason “why”.
S2: Because I find the words “this means”. And this refers to the thing “this year we are training more carefully.”
T: Excellent! Students let’s give big hands for our super Cathy. And next time don’t forget to use the demonstrative pronouns to help us find the answer! And Cathy, the last row
S2: We hoe to play well so that we have more fans to watch the game. Because we want to have fans around. They can cheers us on and we feel more confident to win the game.
T: Wonderful! You have done a very perfect job. And, students, look at the sentences we fill in the chart and have you found the common features of the words in red Read it.
Ss: Harder... more difficult.. better...more
S3: I have got the answer! They are comparative adjectives and adverbs.
T: Yeah, you are right! So, we can find that Daming uses so many comparative forms in his passage, and students do you know why he uses the forms here. You can discuss in your groups and find the reasons!
....
T: Who gets the answers
S4: I find if we use the comparative adverbs in the first blank, we will know how hard they are.
T: Excellent, we use the comparative adjectives to compare two things, and it will help our expressions more specific. So, when writing, you can use the forms to make your passage better!
【设计说明】
通过让学生填写表格的缺失信息，从而帮助学生学会分析句子结构，从而定位文本的关键信息。对文章语言的进一步分析，也可以帮助学生感知到文章的语言特色即使用比较级来凸显出文章主题“training hard”。
活动三：推理判断（3分钟）
Read the passage again, and find out the key words and sentences to analyze the personality of Daming.
Question:
Q: What kind of person Daming is Why
【师生互动】
T: Good. And we have found that Daming uses so many comparative forms to share us with his training. Now, I want you to think about what is Daming like. Talk in you groups and find the sentences to support your idea!
.....
S1: He is an optimistic person!
T: Why
S1: Because he says:we have a better chance of winning
T: Good. You can also act like Daming be optimistic about your grades. Anything else？
S2: He is hard-working. Because : We are training harder than usual
T: Do you agree with him Yes, he is hard-working and diligent. Other ideas
T: Nothing Okay, I will help you. What about this sentence. “It gets dark earlier, so it is important not to be late for after-school practice”
S3: He was not late for practice!
T: So, he is punctual! And I think he is also very competitive, he wants to do better. Do you agree
Ss: Yes!
T: Well-done. And this sentence: It is more difficult to practise in winter. Does he give in to these difficulties
Ss: NO!
T: So we can see he is fearless, never afraid of these difficulties! Wow, students, Daming is a person with so many good qualities! And we can find out his personalities through his language. I hope when you write your training diary, you can also show your personalities as Daming does.
【设计说明】此问题在于帮助学生感悟体会到Daming积极乐观向上的人生态度，并锻炼学生的思维能力，引导学生根据文章信息进行推理判断。
活动四：概括总结（5分钟）
Read each paragraph and find out the key sentence and then summarize the basic organization of the passage with the help of teacher.
【师生互动】
T: Daming is a person with so many good qualities! And now, let’s summarize how many things he has talked about in his diary to show his good qualities. Talk in your groups.
...
T: Which group wants to have a try Okay, your group! Who is the representative Yeah, our brave Andy.
S1: First, talks bout the time.
T: Yeah, it’s the practicing time.
S1: Second, difficulties. Third, our coach.
T: yeah, the author talks about the coach’s feeling, because the team has made progress, so we can say it is the result of the training.
S1: The last is our fans.
T: Right, the last paragraph talks about that Daming and his team member wants to better in order to have more fans. Therefore, we can say in the last paragraph, we can talk about our training reasons.
【设计说明】引导学生对段落大意进行概括总结，归纳出本文的逻辑框架，为下一步的输出打下基础。
步骤三：合作讨论，迁移创新（10分钟）
活动：讨论和写作（10分钟）
Discuss in groups and talk about their training for PE examinations or sports competition based on the aspects summarized from the passage.
【师生互动】
T: Students. Congratulations! You now have found all the secrets of how to talk about your training diary. Show your personalities, use comparative forms, and through the above four aspects. And I know some of you are now also training hard for recent sports competition and or PE examinations. Now, you can work in your groups, and each of you choose one or two points to talk about. And these are recommended expressions. Remember, there should be one student taking notes and acting as a reporter.
【设计说明】本环节通过让学生讲述自身体育训练的故事，学生对此话题较熟悉，有学习兴趣，并有话可说。其次，进行小组讨论的形式，能帮助学生发展合作精神。最后，通过设计此类的输出任务，可以让学生把已学知识迁移到新的情境之中，学以致用。
步骤四：回归策略，运用新知（5分钟）
活动：评价与润色（5分钟）
Checklist
Use the comparative forms Yes/No
Describe it from the four aspects Yes/No
Infer his/her personality Yes/No
【师生互动】
T: Which group wants to have a try Don’t be shy! Show me your hands! Okay, your group. And, you are the e here, share you work with us.
S1: The practice starts at 6 o’clock. We get up earlier in order not to be late. I am training harder this year in order to beat the other team. Because last year we lost to them. We are very upset. And this year, we are training more carefully in order to do better. It is more difficult to practice in summer. Because it is too hot. Everyday we will be sweaty. I want to do better this time so that my coach will be happy. And luckily, my coach is pleased because now we cooperate well with each other.
T: Good job. You training story moves me deeply. Your group’s training story is so good. Boys and girls, now let’s use the checklist and to see whether his work is good enough. First, what about the “personality”, can you know the personality
Ss: Yes.
T: What’s it？
Ss: hard-working, fearless, and good at working with others.
T: GOOD. What about the four aspects
Ss: Yes.
T: And the comparative forms
Ss: Yes!
T: Wow, your group has done a perfect job. Let’s give them big hands!
【设计说明】评价表引导学生从语言和内容两个层面考虑训练日记的写作，为学生评价提供可操作的评价依据，提高学生的综合表达能力，进一步调动学生进行小组互评的积极性，引导学生在实践中体验成就感。
（二）作业布置
Level A: Write down a passage about your training for PE examinations or sports competition.
Level B: Make a vlog about your training story.
【师生互动】
T: Boys and girls, after reading the passage I believe you have understood how strong Daming and his team member are. And just as the song says, what doesn’t kill us will make us stronger, taller and our footsteps even lighter. Maybe last time, you didn’t get good grades in your test, but don’t worry. Because the failure cannot kill you, just act like Daming. Train harder and study more carefully. Next time I believe you will do better. And it’s your today’s homework, students, thanks for your today’s cooperation! Goodbye.
【设计说明】在作业布置环节，教师通过让学生赏析歌曲，向学生点明要学习Daming的积极进取，不向失败妥协的精神，再次对学生的价值观进行了升华。同时教师布置的分层作业，保证了不同水平的学生均能得到发展。全班学生均需完成的作业为训练日记写作，与上课所强调的内容相契合，描写自己备战体育中考或者运动赛事的训练经历贴近学生们的生活，并与学生已有的知识经验有密切的联系。让他们围绕此话题进行写作，帮助学生将所学知识逐步内化。选做作业为让学生制作训练日记的英文vlog，这一方式需要学生综合运用英语，摄影，剪辑等技能，发展学生的综合素质。同时训练日记为本课话题且与学生生活紧密联系，拍摄vlog的这一形式不仅能帮助学生内化所学知识，且这一作业形式新颖能激发学生完成任务的兴趣。
（三）板书设计
(
M3 U2 This year we are training more carefully
Paragraph 1: Practicing Time
Paragraph 2: Practicing Difficulties
Paragraph 3: Practicing Results
Paragraph 3: Practicing Reasons
hard-working
competitive
punctual
fearless
optimistic
Comparative forms
Earlier
Carefully
Better
Harder
More difficult
More confident
)
【设计说明】板书分为三大块，最左边部分为对Daming优秀品质的总结；中间部分为本节课的教学难点：训练日记的主要框架内容进行呈现；右边部分为本节课的教学重点：形容词和副词，同时也是重要写作词汇，辅助学生写作。这样的设计可以帮助学生在进行写作时，直观的了解本节课所学的教学重难点，关注训练日记的文本结构。该板书为后续学生进行自主写作也提供了支架。
三、教学反思
本节课的设计主要依据PWP教学模式，通过引导学生阅读Li Daming的训练日记，从而帮助学生明确训练日记的内容和框架，提高学生的写作水平。同时在教学过程中，以比较级这一语法现象为线索设计问题，引导学生关注比较级的意义和用法。
以读促写，激活思维
学生通过读前预测和阅读，能够基本掌握影评文本的关键信息及结构。学生从文章中总结出的基本结构，能为学生提供训练日记的基本模板。同时教师引导学生关注文章中比较级的这一语法现象，分析比较级的意义和用法，激活学生的思维，并且帮助学生在作文中合理且正确地运用比较级，进而完成写作任务。
价值引领，提升素养
本节课教师始终以“积极进取”的价值观作为课程的价值观导向，从导入环节通过师生问答，引导学生要积极学习；在阅读输入环节，引领学生深入挖掘文本，赏析主人公的人物性格和精神，进行隐性的价值观引导；在课程结尾，教师通过让学生赏析歌曲，向学生点明要学习Daming的积极进取，不向失败妥协的精神。本节课中，不仅提升了学生的语言能力，同时也较好地落实了《普通高中英语课程标准》中提出教学要兼顾英语学科的育人任务的这一目标。
附录 教学文本
Training hard
By Li Daming
It is Saturday tomorrow, but I am going to school. I am not going for lessons, but to play football. I am in our school team and we are going to play against another school next week. The practice starts at 10 am. We all arrive as early as we can so that we have time to warm up. We are training harder than usual because the other tam beat us last year. This year we want to do better.
It is more difficult to practise in winter because the days are short and the weather is cold too. It gets dark earlier, so it is important not to be late for after-school practice.
Our coach is pleased because we are playing better as a team now. Last year we were sometimes careless when we passed the ball and we lost to the other team in the final match. What a pity! This year we are training more carefully. That means we have a better chance of winning.
The fan club has fewer people this year. We hope to play well so that we have more fans to watch the matches. It is good to have our fans around. They cheer us on loudly and we feel more confident to win the game.
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21
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