（新课标）Unit 2 Great minds 第3课时Grammar课件

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Unit 2 Great minds
Period 3 Grammar
牛津深圳·广州版 九年级上
1. Knowledge objectives: Master the usage of infinitives after nouns, as subjects and after the verb to be.
2. Skill objectives: Be able to use verb infinitives correctly in the context.
3. Emotional objectives: Develop students’ sense of cooperative learning and individual capability.
4. Thinking quality objectives: Analyze and summarize the structure and usage of infinitives, and draw inferences from one instance by using grammatical rules.
Learning objects
Lead in
Read and say
The goose and the golden egg
A man and his wife had the good fortune to have a goose. The goose laid a golden egg every day. Although they were rich, they soon began to think they were not getting rich fast enough. Their ambition was to become the richest in the village. They considered the bird to be made of gold inside. They decided to kill it in order to get the gold at once. To cut it open was what they did next. They looked inside only to find nothing in its body.
Much wants more and loses all.
Lead in
Discussion
What is infinitive
to have
to become
to think
to have
to be
to kill
to get
to cut
to find
基本式：to do (to + 动词原形)
否定式：not to do
What is infinitive
Lead in
特点：没有人称和数的变化， 在句子中不能担当谓语
A Infinitives after nous
Presentation
To give more information about nouns, we can use infinitives after the nouns.
Einstein often received invitations to explain his theories at different universities.
名词或名词短语(前面/后面)可以接(doing / to do)作(宾语/后置定语)，修饰该名词或名词短语。
A1 Jim is telling May about his plete their conversation with the words from the box.
be become help make start
1. I’ve made a decision.
__________________ a
genius.
2. I’ve got an ability.
___________________a
great doctor.
______________ what
You can’t be serious.
A decision to become
A decision to do
An ability to become
______________ what
I don’t believe it!
An ability to do
Have a go
3. I’ve made a plan.
_____________ life
better for everyone.
____________ what
You’ll probably fail.
A plan to do
A plan to make
4. I’ve decided to find a way._______________
people live to be 1,000 years old.
____________what
You must be joking.
A way to do
A way to help
Have a go
be become help make start
be become help make start
5. So now is the time.
________________ work.
_____________what
I will give you some advice.
The time to do
The time to start
6._______________
what
To stop dreaming!
The advice to do
Have a go
Make conversations with the nouns from the box. Use infinitives after the nouns in your conversations. You may follow the example below.
Example:
S1: In the book Harry Potter, the students at Hogwarts School have special abilities.
S2: Special abilities to do what
S1: Special abilities to do magic.
ability decision method plan promise way
Have a go
At school, Einstein’s ability (1)_______________ surprised his teachers, but he was bored with other subjects. At the age of 15, he was given the chance (2)__________________, but he did not do well enough in the exam.
to do Maths
to go to university
A2 Complete the paragraph below with the words from the box.
become a scientist go to university
do Maths try again
Have a go
He did not lose heart, however, and he had a wish (3)_____________ the next year. This time, he succeeded. He kept trying, so he achieved his dream (4)___________________.
to try again
to become a scientist
Have a go
We can use an infinitive as the subject of a sentence.
To tell the truth is important.
B Infinitives as subjects
动词不定式可以在句中作_______。
主语
Presentation
To drive a genius like you is a pleasure, Dr Einstein.
To have a friend like Einstein was good.
To answer the question was easy for Einstein.
It’s a pleasure to drive a genius like you, Dr Einstein.
It was good to have a friend like Einstein.
It was easy for Einstein to answer the question.
In most cases, we use it at the beginning of the sentence as an empty subject to refer to the infinitive.
Presentation
Things to remember
We use it + the verb take +(somebody) + a period of time + an infinitive to refer to the length of time spent doing something.
It takes (me) 30 minutes to walk to school.
Presentation
_____ 是形式主语，真正的主语是后面的___________ 。
动词不定式
It
Hans once drove another scientist, Dr Green, from the airport to a university. Complete their conversation with infinitives and words in brackets.
Have a go
Dr Green: Hello, Hans.
Hans: Hello, Dr Green. How long did it take you to get here by plane
Dr Green: ____________________________________
(take / two hours) How long will it take to get to the university
Hans: _______________________________
(take / 20minutes)
Dr Green: Well, that’s not very long. Hans, you’re a very good driver. Is it difficult to drive a car
It took me two hours to get here by plane.
It will take 20 minutes to get there.
Have a go
Hans: No. _______________________ (easy /drive)
Dr Green: Maybe I’ll learn to drive some day, but _______________________________
(difficult / for me / learn) right now. I’m too busy. Do you like your job, Hans
Hans: Yes, I like it a lot. I meet many great people because I’m a driver. (lucky/for me/have/job)
____________________________
It’s easy to drive a car.
it’s difficult for me to learn to drive
It’s lucky for me to have the job.
Have a go
Sarah is an advertisement designer. She is designing some slogans for Compex computers. Below are five slogans she has thought of. Rewrite the slogans with infinitives as subjects.
1. Buy a Compex computer. It is not expensive.
= It is not expensive to buy a Compex computer.
2. Using the computer is very simple.
= It is very simple to use the computer.
Have a go
3. Understanding the handbook is not difficult.
=It is not difficult to understand the handbook.
4. You can run any kind of software. It is easy.
= It’ is easy (for you) to run any kind of software.
5. Exploring the world of Compex is absolutely fascinating.
=It is absolutely fascinating to explore the world of Compex.
Have a go
知识拓展之必备句式：
1) To do sth. is + adj.
To protect the environment is very important.保护环境是很重要的。
To learn English well is very necessary.学好英语是很必要的。
Expansion
Infinitives as subjects
2) It’s + n. + to do sth.
It’s a pleasure to drive a genius like you.能给像您一样的天才开车是我的荣幸。
3) It’s + adj. + to do sth.
It is interesting to read the English books.读英语书是有趣的。
Expansion
4) It's + adj. + for sb. to do sth. for sb. 常用于表示事物的特征特点，表示客观形式的形容词，如 easy, hard, difficult, interesting, impossible等。
It’s hard for him to learn English well.学好英语对他来说是很难的。
Expansion
5) It’s + adj. + of sb. + to do sth.of sb.
的句型一般用表示人物的性格，品德，表示主观感情或态度的形容词，如: good, kind, nice, clever, foolish, right等。
It’s very nice of you to help me.
= You are nice to help me. 你帮助我真是太好了。
Expansion
My dream is to be an engineer.
My wish is to be like Einstein.
Jane’s dream is to become a scientist.
We also use infinitives after the verb to be.
C Infinitives after the verb to be
Presentation
动词不定式可以跟在be动词的（前面/后面）
作 ，用来说明主语的内容、性质或特征。
表语
1. 主语为aim，dream，hope，idea，plan，purpose，suggestion，wish等表示目的、计划或打算的词。
His wish/dream is to become an astronaut.
2. 当句子的主语为work，job或function时，往往也使用这一结构。
The man’s job was to give advice to the king.
The function of an adjective is to describe or add to the meaning of a noun.
动词不定式作表语的一些用法：
Presentation
1. do the work/the most important thing/well
________________________________________________
2. in a year/Mr White’s plan/have a small shop ________________________________________________
3. attract the students/my idea/by making a poster ________________________________________________
4. children/her job/take care of ________________________________________________
Put the words in the correct order to make sentences. Add other words if necessary.
The most important thing is to do the work well.
Mr White’s plan is to have a small shop in a year.
My idea is to attract the students by making a poster.
Her job is to take care of children.
Have a go
My dream was _______________ when I was young. Now my dream is_______________.
My plan for this coming Saturday is __________.
My best wish for my grandparents is __________.
My suggestion for … is _______________.
My father’s job is _______________.
My aim of learning English is _______________.
The purpose of studying at school today is ________.
Complete the sentences according to your own situation.
Have a go
1. 基本结构：to do (to + 动词原形)
否定式：not to do
2. 特点：没有人称和数的变化，在句子中不能担当谓语
Summary
Infinitives
3. 作用
动词不定式在句子中除不能担当谓语外，可以充当其他任何成分，如：主语，宾语，表语，定语，状语等。
① 名词或名词短语后面可以接 to do作后置定语，修饰该名词或名词短语。
② 动词不定式可以在句中作主语；在It作形式主语的句型中，真正的主语是后面的动词不定式。
③ 动词不定式可以跟在be动词的后面作表语，用来说明主语的内容、性质或特征。
Summary
( )1. Disneyland is a good place _____ fun.
A. to have B. have C. having D. has
( )2. — _____ a volunteer is great.
— I think so. Some of us want _____ volunteers for the London Olympics.
A. Being; being B. To be; being
C. To be; to be D. Be; to be
C
A
一、选择最佳答案填空。
Exercise
( )3. My plan for the next term is _____my Maths and physics.
A. improve B. will improve
C. improved D. to improve
( )4. My main job is _____ care of the children in this school.
A. takes B. to take C. took D. to taking
( )5. I’m thirsty, Shirley. Please give me something _____.
A. drink B. to drink C. drinking D. drank
D
B
B
Exercise
1. 细嚼慢咽是个好习惯。
______ _____ a good habit ____ ______ slowly.
2. 我其中一个计划是明年在广州买一套房子。
One of my plans _____ _____ _____ a flat in Guangzhou next year.
3. 他们花了九年的时间建成港珠澳大桥。
____ ______ them nine years ___ ______ the Hong Kong-Zhuhai-Macau Bridge.
4. 在一天之内收集那么多书是不可能的。
___ ___ impossible ____ _______ so many books in one day.
It is to eat
is to buy
It took to built
二、根据中文意思完成句子
It is to collect
Exercise
Homework
Finish Grammar exercise paper.
Life without an aim is like sailing without a compass.
Reflection
谢谢
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