课件64张PPT。English Song
English Class
Language Data
Video Data课时分配Period 1Module 6 The World’s Cultural Heritage
Introduction
Vocabulary&ReadingIntroduction-1 SpeakingWhat is your first impression of the pictures?
What do you know about the pictures above?
Do you know what happened in the place above in
June 2004?Introduction-2. Reporting Task: Get the information you need, then make a
report to the whole classes that what
happened in Suzhou in June 2004?
Tips: Pay attention to the following years:
1972 1985 2003 2004Introduction-3. Discussion beliefs buildings museums paintings
poems pop stars sports teams traditionsTask: 1) Which of the items do you think are part of a
country’s cultural heritage?
2) which do you think are the most important items?
Give your reasons and share with your partner.Vocabulary&Reading-1. Speaking What do you know about the pictures above?Reading-2. Fast-reading Read the passage then fill the form..In 1929In 1937In 1949In 1987A compete skull was discover.Excavations stopped and most of the fossils
disappeared.The work started again and it became an
important tourist attraction.It was listed as a world heritage site.Reading-3. Detail-reading Read the passage again, then answer the questions on Activity 1.Answers:
some prehistoric human bones
almost 200 items
four sites
fewer than 5%
Japan invaded China
in December 1987Reading-4. Fast-reading Read Part 2 , then finish the questions on Activity 2.Answers:
Rain and exposure to the air
Nearby cement factories
The site should be closed and repaired
The government and the general publicReading-5. Discussion Read Part 2 again, then share your ideas of the following questions with partner. .Why The Zhoukoudian Beijing Man Site is the one of
the most important world heritage sites in China?
Do you think it’s a good idea to continue the
excavations ? Why?
Do you think it’s worthwhile to spend so much money
on the excavations?
Do you think it’s just only the jobs for government to
do something for the site? If not , why?
Reading & Vocabulary-6.Filling the blanks In 1920s, archaeologists _________ some prehistoric human_____ ,which came from an unknown ______ of man ,and were the first _________ of primitive human life in China long before. Evidences showed that they knew how to use fire and even made ______ of bones.
Today , however, the remains are in serious _________.
Parts of the cave have been badly affected by the nature.
___________ has also contributed to the problem. So the
Scientists have suggested that the general public be ____________ to help with the problem. bone danger discover encourage evidence
pollution species tooldiscoveredbonesspeciesevidencetoolsdangerpollutionencouragedHomework Try to find more information about the Caves of Zhoukoudian and share with the classmates tomorrow .
Period 2Module 6 The World’s Cultural Heritage
Listening&Vocabulary
Grammar(2)&Function
Everyday EnglishListening & Vocabulary-1.Speaking Do you know what it is?Stonehenge (巨石阵) Listening & Vocabulary -2.Exercises Complete Activity 1, page 76. Answers:
site
astronomers
buried
weigh
amazing
steep
wonderful Listening & Vocabulary -2.Role-play Complete Activity 1, then finish the task.Task:
Role A: tourist guide
Role B: tourist
Imagine you are a tourist guide , can you give a short introduction of Stonehenge to the tourist? Listening & Vocabulary -3. Answering Listen to the tape, then answer the following questions.How did the tourists get to the site ?
What was the weather like ?
3. Was the tourist guide enthusiastic about his
work?
4. Did the tourists enjoy the visit ? By bus.Stormy.No, he wasn’t.Not really. Listening & Vocabulary -4. Filling Listen again , then fill in the blanks.Who built it ?Why was it built ?The possible usageFrom where?suremysteryimportant reasonlooked at the starsreligious placea burial groundWales Everyday English -1. Conversion Change the expression of the underlined sentences with the expressions of E.E. As we know, the weather in British is unstable. No one is completely sure when it will be rainy or sunshine. Well , don’t worry! If you have a raincoat, you’ll be OK.
Anyway, it doesn’t matter what happens, you’re going to have a good time while you are in here. Even if you get wet, I promise you’ll have a day you won’t forget.
As it is going to rain, we should get back in the bus now!
No one knows for sure.not to worryas long as you got a raincoat.no matter what happens,you’ll have a day to remember.we’d better get back into the bus nowGrammar (2) -1. Answering Decide the following statements belong to what kinds of Adverbial clauses. Can I suggest that you all bring an umbrella in case
it rains?
As long as you’ve got a raincoat, you’ll be OK.
Even though it’s the middle of July, we recommend
that you take warm and waterproof clothing with you.
Even if you get wet, I promise you’ll have a day to
remember.
No matter what happens, you’re going to have a
marvelous time.
Wherever you look, you can see part of our cultural
heritage.
place condition concession Can I suggest that you all bring an umbrella in case
it rains?
As long as you’ve got a raincoat, you’ll be OK.
Even though it’s the middle of July, we recommend
that you take warm and waterproof clothing with you.
place condition concessioncondition condition concession Even if you get wet, I promise you’ll have a day to
remember.
No matter what happens, you’re going to have a
marvelous time.
Wherever you look, you can see part of our cultural
heritage. place condition concessionconcession concession place Grammar (2) -2. Answering Finish the exercises on Activity1,page 77.Answers:
Bring an umbrella because it may rains later.
If you take a raincoat, you’ll be OK.
It’s a fact that it’s the middle of July, but surprisingly,
you should still take warm waterproof clothing with
you.
If you get wet, surprisingly, you’ll still have a day to
remember.
Anything may happens, but you’ll still have a
marvelous time.
You can look anywhere and you can see part of our
cultural heritage.Grammar (2) -3. Exercise Finish the exercises on Activity2,page 77.Answers:
Even though
Even if
No matter
As long as
In caseHomework 1.Write a short introduction of the local places of interest.
2. Preview the grammar (1).
Period 3Module 6 The World’s Cultural Heritage
Grammar (1)Grammar(1)-1 Observation What is unusual about the verbs? They have recommended that the site be closed and
repaired.
We have requested that the government get involved.
A professor at the Academy has proposed that a fund be established to raise money.
They have suggested that the general public be encourage to help with the problem.
My colleagues and I insist that something be done about it immediately. Grammar(1)-2 Selection Choose the sentences which are closer in meaning to the sentences above.They have recommended that the site be closed and
repaired.
(a) “In our opinion, we think you had better close the
site and repair it.”
(b) “We have closed the site and are going to repair it.”
We have requested that the government get involved.
(a) “We are very pleased that the government has
decided to get in involved.”
(b) “Leaders, please do something about this problem.”3. A professor at the Academy has proposed that a fund be established to raise money.
(a) “I think we should raise to help with the work.”
(b) “We have already raised money to help with the
work”
They have suggested that the general public be encourage to help with the problem.
(a) “We want the general public to get involved.”
(b) “We order the general public to get involved.”Grammar(1)-３ Observation 虚拟语气在某些从句中的应用I suggest we set off tomorrow morning.
He insisted that we take up the matter at the meeting.
It is important that we study both Chinese and English
well when we are young.
It was ordered that all the work be finished with two
weeks.
The suggestion that senior students have classes at
weekends was turned down.
6. My idea is that we have a picnic in the coming weekend.宾语从句主语从句同位语从句 Grammar(1)-4 Completing Complete the second sentences . Use the subjunctive.“ We should close the site to the public for ten years.”
The Academy of Sciences proposed that they ______
_____________________________________________
“ The public should be involved in the conservation
project.”
He suggested that______________________________ _____________________________________________
“Will you please allow us to excavate the caves?”
The archaeologists requested that ________________ _____________________________________________
“We must be paid on time.”
The workers insisted that_______________________close the site to public for ten years.the public be involved in the conversation project. they be allowed to excavate the caves. they be paid on time .Grammar(1)-5. Exercise 历年高考题1. When a pencil is partly in a glass of water, it looks as if it____ A. breaks B. has broken
C. were broken D. had been broken
2. I insisted _____to see a doctor, but he insisted nothing ___ wrong with him A. on him to go; should be B. he went; be C. he go; was D. he should to; is Grammar(1)-5. Exercise 历年高考题3. I was ill that day, otherwise I ____ the sports meet
A. would have taken part in B. took part in C. had taken part in D. would take part in
4. Mike’s father, as well as his mother, insisted he
____home
A. stayed B. could stay C. has stayed D. stay Grammar(1)-5. Exercise 历年高考题5. It was requested that the play ____again
A. should put on B. would put on C. be put on D. put on
6. He requested that the students ____them get in crops
A. help B. to help C. helped D. helping Grammar(1)-5. Exercise 历年高考题7. My suggestion is that the meeting ____off till nest Sunday.
A. be put B. put C. should put D. had been put
8. The teacher demanded that the exam _____ before eleven.
A. must finish B. would be finished C. be finished D. must be finished Homework
Finish the exercises on WB Activity 1&2 ,Page 121
Period 4Module 6 The world’s Cultural Heritage
Reading & Writing
SpeakingReading & Writing–1. Brainstorm What can you see in this picture?
Do you think Kunqu Opera is part of cultural heritage?
If so, does it belong to tangible or intangible cultural
heritage?
4. In your opinion, what is intangible cultural heritage?Reading & Writing–2. Answering Read the passage and answer the questions on Activity 1. What’s the difference between “tangible” and
“intangible” world heritage?
Can you give an example of oral heritage?
What kind of people are living human treasures?
What makes a language endangered?
Give a example of traditional music that is thought
to be part of an intangible cultural heritage.Answers:
“tangible” heritage consists of building and objects
such as paintings; “intangible” heritage means
traditional songs and poems, people who can perform
traditional works, languages and music.
Story-telling--- things which are passed on orally from
one generation to the next.
People who know the traditional songs, poems, games,
etc.
When it is spoken by only a few old people and is not
taught to the young.
5. Kunqu opera. Reading & Writing –3 Filling & Speaking Intangible Cultural HeritageReading & Writing –4 Filling & Speaking Discuss:
what your choice is called and what it is?
where in the world it is seen or heard?
who it belongs to and who they are?
why it’s part of your cultural heritage?Homework According what you have learnt during the class, write a passage to introduce one of the cultural heritage you had discussed.
Period 5Module 6 The World’s Cultural Heritage
Reading Practice
Culture corner Reading Practice-1. Brainstorm Put the following lists of cultural heritage in the right placestangible
cultural
heritageintangible
cultural
heritageKunqu Opera
the Great wall
the Forbidden City
Chen-style Tai Chi
Mogao Caves at Dunhuang
the Qin Terracotta,
Warriors and Horses
Guqin Music
Confucius Temple at Qufu
Shaolin kung fuReading Practice-2.Answering Read the passage and answer the questions. Which items will be included in a bid to be added to
the UNESCO list?
Which are other examples of China’s intangible
cultural heritage?Traditional Chinese Medicine and Mid-Autumn
Festival.Shaolin kung fu, the world’s longest epic poem of
Tibetan King Gesser and Chen-style Tai Chi
Reading Practice-3.Selection Decide which sentences does Not refer to the main idea of the passage.Every two years the directory is enlarged by giving each
country the chance to recommend one candidate.
The application for TCM would highlight the fact that
traditional Chinese medicine is a culture the has exited
for thousands of years.
With more than 50 million Chinese living and working
overseas, the Mid-Autumn Festival reminds them of
their Chinese origins and would help to unite Chinese
people all over the would.
UNESCO’s agenda for the world’s tangible and
intangible heritage is also to act as a warning system for
sites which are at the mercy of redevelopment, pollution
or even the effects of tourism, and cultural activities
which are in danger.
Reading Practice-4.Answering Read the passage again, then answer the following questions. Protecting an item of world heritage begins_____.
A. when it has been included on the list.
B. as soon as the bid is made
C. once every two years
D. if the bid to UNESCO is successful
Including TCM on the UNESCO List will highlight___.
A. that it is old-fashion and still developing as a medical
science
B. the advantages of its treatment, its legal status abroad
and its use in medical research
C. the theories and experiences of its practitioners
D. its advantage in treating AIDS and malariaThe bid to include the Mid-Autumn Festival on the
UNESCO list_____.
A. suggests it is in danger
B. is an example of cultural activity with unites Chinese
people all over the world
C. is an opportunity to recommend symbolic ambassadors
D. reflects Chinese cultural traditions
The UNESCO list of world tangible and intangible
heritage.
protect sites and items in danger of disappearing
both celebrates and protects sites and items of cultural
importance
celebrates world cultural activities and traditions
protects sites of cultural importance which are in danger
Reading Practice-4.Completing Complete the sentences in your own words. TCM is being recommended as candidate for the
UNESCO list because______________________________
The Mid-Autumn Festival reminds Chinese people
overseas of their origins ,so_________________________
If a site is not protected, UNESCO___________________
A successful bid requires___________________________TCM is being recommended as candidate for the
UNESCO list because it’s an important tradition.
2. The Mid-Autumn Festival reminds Chinese people
overseas of their origins ,so it helps to unite Chinese
people all over the world.
3. If a site is not protected, UNESCO may take it off the
list of World Heritage Sites.
4. A successful bid requires cultural diplomacy and
knowledge of UNSCO’s system.
Howe work Work with your group members , then make a list
of sites and items from your local or regional
cultural heritage. Which ones would you bid to be
added to the UNESCO list? Give your reasons.Language Date BankLanguage points for Reading Language Date BankSome areas are almost completely covered in weeds, causing serious damage.
causing serious damage是动词的现在分词作结果状语。
汤姆的祖父两年前去世了，留给他一大笔钱。
Tom’s grandfather died two years ago, leaving him a big fortune.
现在分词动作与谓语动词同时发生用一般式doing，如果现在分词的动作发生在谓语动词之前，表示已完成动作，主动语态用完成式having done；被动语态则用having been done
Walking along the street, I met a friend of mine.
Having finished their work, they had a rest.Language Date Bank 现在分词和过去分词都可以做状语，表示时间、条件、原因、伴随、结果、让步、程度。
Turning to the left, he suddenly found the shop he was looking for.
Disturbed by the noise, we had to finish the meeting early.
Being ill, he went home.
Working this way (=If they work this way), they will reduce the cost.
If bitten by (=Bitten) a snake, you should send for help and not walk.
Born a free man, he was now in chains.
They went out of the hall, talking and laughing.
He dropped the plate, breaking it into pieces.时间状语原因状语条件状语条件状语让步状语伴随状语结果状语Language Date Bank2 . Pollution from nearby cement factories has also contributed to the problem.
contribute to : to be one of the things that help to make something happen
They can help by contributing to the cost of repairing the caves.
contribute to : to give money or your time and effort in order to achieve something
e.g
contribute to the Red Cross 向红十字会捐献
contribute to a literary journal 向文学杂志投稿Language Date Bank 这个新发现将对全人类作出贡献。
This new discovery will contribute to all humanity.
双方父母都给孩子们提供生活费用。
Both parents contribute to the maintenance of their children.
事实上，我们很少有人承认考试对学生的学习会起什么真正重要的作用。
Actually, few of us admit that examinations can contribute anything really important to the students’ academic development.Language Date Bank3. This is a very serious matter and Chinese Academy of Sciences is trying to raise public awareness about it.
raise / increase awareness of : 唤醒……的意识
e.g 这项运动旨在使人们意识到被动吸烟的危害。
The campaign aims to raise awareness of the dangers of passive smoking.
There was an almost complete lack of awareness of the issues involved.
对有关问题几乎是一无所知。 Language Date BankThey have suggested that the general public be encouraged to help with the problem.
在表示建议(suggest)、要求(demand, insist)和命令(order)等动词后的宾语从句中，不论主句谓语动词用何种时态，宾语从句中的动词一律用“(should)+ 动词原形”结构来表示虚拟语气。
e.g 她建议我们用另一种方法做这项工作。
She suggested that we (should) do the work in another way.
他命令将门锁起来。
He ordered that the door (should) be locked.Language Date Bank5. They are a precious part of our cultural heritage – it is of vital importance that we do something.
It is + of + n. ? It is + adj.
e.g 你给我的地图用处很大。
The map that you gave me was of great help.
上周开的会议十分重要。
The meeting held last week was of great importance.Language Date BankApart from providing warmth, what was fire used for?
apart from : besides, 副词性短语，既可放在句首，也可放在句末，其宾语包含在整体之内，即“除了含有此部分以外，还含有其他部分”。
e.g 除了自己的工作外，他没有其他的爱好。
He has no other interests, apart from his work.
除了我以外，会上还有十个人。
Apart from me, there were ten people at the meeting.Language Date Bank每两年该列表都要通过每个国家一次推荐候选项目机会的方式来扩大。
_______ ________ _________ the directory _________ __________ by giving each country the chance to recommend one candidate.
联合国教科文组织不歧视进行规范投标的任何国家….
No _______________ is made against which make regular bids.
在执行投标程序的同时，州政府分配资金来对每个项目进行保护。
While the bid _______ _______ ________, the state government allocates funds for each item’s protection.Every two yearsisenlargeddiscriminationis going throughLanguage Date Bank Key phrases of Reading PracticeEvery two years the directory is __________ by giving
each country the chance to ___________ on candidate.
Doctors and practitioners would _________ both its
advantages and its ___________ abroad.
But some people feel that there needs to be a
_____________ between the term “heritage” which
suggests something old-fashioned.
UNESCO undertakes to ______ sites _____ the World
Heritage list if their present state is threatened by
______________ protection.enlargedrecommendadvocatelegal statuscompromisetakeoffan absence ofModule 6 The World’s Cultural Heritage
Period 4 Reading and Vocabulary(2)
■Goals
To know some information about the present situation of the world heritage
To master the important words and phrases
■Procedures
Step 1: Warming up by discussion.
We have known something about the world’s cultural heritage. And China has done excellent work in protecting world heritage. But do you know that the world heritage includes tangible heritage and intangible heritage? What is the tangible heritage? What is the intangible heritage? You can discuss the questions with your partner.
If you want to know the answers, let’s start to learn the passage.
Step 2: Before you read
Please go over the word list for this module, paying attention to the pronunciation of the word, the relationship between its pronunciation and its spelling. Now let us read the words together.
Step 3: While you read
While you are reading the passage underline the new words and phrase, pay attention to the usage of them.
Step 4: After you read
Turn to page 78, and finish activity 1.
For reference
1. “Tangible” (=“touchable”) heritage consists of buildings and objects such as paintings; “Intangible” (=“untouchable”) heritage means traditional songs and poems, people who can perform traditional works, languages and music.
2. Story-telling (dance, music, games, customs) –things which are passed on orally from one generation to the next.
3. People who know the traditional songs, poems, games, etc.
4. When it is spoken by only a few old people and is not taught to the young.
5. Kunqu opera.
Period 5 Grammar(2)--Adverbial clauses of Place, Condition and Concession
■Goal
To learn the adverbial clauses of place, condition and concession
■Procedures
Step 1: adverbial clauses of place, condition and concession
状语从句在句中作状语，修饰主句中的动词、形容词或副词等。状语从句放在主句之前时，常用逗号分开；放在主句之后，一般不用逗号。状语从句按其意义和作用可分为时间、原因、条件、让步、地点、目的、结果、方式、比较等九种。本单元主要熟悉掌握地点、条件和让步状语从句。
1.地点状语从句 1）地点状语从句常由where和wherever引导，通常可置于主句之前或之后。。 I found the books where I left them. Make a mark where you have any questions. We should go where(ver) we are most needed. Where there is a will, there is a way. Where there is water, there is life. 2）where引导的状语从句和where引导的定语从句常可转换，判断它属于哪类从句的关键是看where前面有没有被修饰的、表示地点的先行词。试比较： Stand where you are! （状语从句） Stand at the place where you are! （定语从句） Bamboo grows best where it’s wet and rainy. （状语从句） Bamboo grows best in places where it’s wet and rainy. （定语从句）
2.条件状语从句 条件句可分为真实条件句和非真实条件句，非真实条件句在虚拟语气中有详细表述，这里只讨论真实条件句。引导条件句常用的有if, unless, as(so) long as, in case等，when, once, suppose (that) 或supposing (that)，on condition that 也可引导表示条件的从句。条件状语从句和时间状语从句一样，表示将来要用一般现在时。例如： The bell is rung if there is a fire. We won’t let you in unless you show your pass. You may use my bike as/so long as you return it before Friday. In case anything important happens, please call me up. Turn off the switch when anything goes wrong. Once you taste the noodles, you’ll never forget their delicious flavour. Suppose/Supposing (that) you fail again this time, what will you do? He agreed to lend him the money on condition that he paid back three times more money in three months’ time. 3.让步状语从句 1）通常由though, although, even/though引导，主句中不能用but，但可用yet。如： He didn’t light the fire though/although it was cold. Although/though he is quite old, (yet) he still tries to learn more. I’ll try to finish the work myself even if/though it takes me days. 2）whatever, whoever, whichever, whenever, wherever, however 引导状语从句时，分别相当于no matter what/who/which/when/where/how引导的从句，意为“无论……”。例如： Whatever/No matter what he said, no one believed him. Whoever/No matter who breaks the law, he will be punished. Whichever/No matter which job you take, you should try to do well in it. Whenever/No matter when I need his help, he comes immediately. Wherever/No matter where you go, never forget your motherland. However/No matter how busy he was, he would watch TV sports news every night. 注意whatever, whoever, whichever又可引导名词性从句，注意区别。可参阅本章第一节。 3）as引导让步状语从句要倒装，其结构通常是“n./adj./adv. + as + 主语+谓语(+其它成分)，主句”，可转换成though/although从句。 Child as he is, he knows a lot. （注意：名词前不用冠词） =Although/Though he is a child, he knows a lot. Difficult as the task was, they managed to finish it in time. =Although/Though the task was difficult, they managed to finish it in time. Much as I like it, I will not buy it. =Although/Though I like it much, I will not buy it. 偶尔也可见用动词提前的让步状语从句。例如： Try as he may, he can hardly do better than she. =Although/Though he may try, he can hardly do better than she. 4）whether…or也可引导让步状语从句，相当于“no matter whether…or”。 Whether you come in winter or in summer, you will find it a nice place. =No matter whether you come in winter or in summer, you will find it a nice place.
Step 2: 高考链接
1. ____ he has limited technical knowledge, the old worker has a lot of experience. (2006全国I)
A. Since B. Unless C. As D. Although
2. ____ you’ve tried it, you can’t imagine how pleasant it is. (2006北京)
A. Unless B. Because C. Although D. When
3. If you are travelling ____ the customs are really foreign to your own, please do as the Romans do. (2006天津)
A. in which B. what C. when D. where
4. In time of serious accidents, ____ we know some basic things about first aid, we can save lives. (2006重庆)
A. whether B. until C. if D. unless
5. ---Mom, what did your doctor say? (2006四川)
---He advised me to live ____ the air is fresher.
A. in where B. in which C. the place where D. where
6. Much of the power of the trade unions has been lost. ____, their political influence should be very great. (2006广东)
A. Even so B. As a result C. So far D. As usual
7. My parents were quarrelling about me ____ I could not quite tell why. (2006上海)
A. since B. though C. if D. until
8. In peace, too, the Red Cross is expected to send help ____ there is human suffering. (2006江西)
A. whoever B. however C. whatever D. wherever
9. We won’t keep winning games ____ we keep playing well. (2006浙江)
A. because B. unless C. when D. while
10. After the war, a new school building was put up ____ there had once been a theatre. (1997全国) A. that B. where C. which D. when
Keys: 1-5 DADCD 6-9ABDBB
Module 6 The World’s Cultural Heritage
Period 6 Reading Practice
■Goals
To know about the Chinese cultural heritage bid for UNESCO
To master the important words and phrases
■Procedures
Step 1: Warming up by discussion
Last period we have learned the differences between “tangible” and “intangible” world heritage? Can you still remember it? Look at the list of China’s cultural heritage. Which items are examples of tangible cultural heritage, and which ones are examples of intangible cultural heritage?
Kunqu Opera; the Great Wall; the Forbidden City; Chen-style Tai Chi; Mogao Caves at Dunhuang; the Qin Terracotta; Warriors and Horses; Guqin Music; Confucius Temple at Qufu; Shaolin Kung fu
OK, you can discuss with your partner.
For reference
Tangible: the Great Wall; the Forbidden City; Mogao Caves at Dunhuang; the Qin Terracotta; Warriors and Horses; Confucius Temple at Qufu
Intangible: Kunqu opera; Chen-style Tai Chi; Guqin Music; Shaolin Kung fu
Step 2: Before you read
Please go over the word list for this module, paying attention to the pronunciation of the word, the relationship between its pronunciation and its spelling.
Step 3: While you read
While you are reading the passage underline the new words and phrases, pay attention to the usage of them.
Step 4: After you read
Let us look at the questions in activity 2 and answer the questions.
For reference
1. Traditional Chinese Medicine and Mid-Autumn Festival
2. Shaolin Kung fu, the world’s longest epic poem of Tibetan King Gesser and Chen-style Tai Chi
Activity 3. Decide which sentence does NOT refer to the main idea of the passage.
Keys: 1.
Activity 4. Choose the best answers.
For reference
1. (b) 2. (c) 3. (b) 4. (d)
Activity 5. Complete the sentences in your own words.
For reference
1.…it’s an ancient tradition.
2.…it helps to unite Chinese people all over the world.
3.…may take it off the list of World Heritage Sites.
4.…cultural diplomacy and knowledge of UNESCO’s system.
Period 7 Cultural Corner
■Goals
To know about the living treasures program in New Mexico in USA
To master the important words and phrases
■Procedures
Step 1: Warming up by discussion
As we all know, in each country there are many old men or women. And of course in the future we will be old men or women. As far as you know, what has the government done for the old in China? Please discuss the question with your partner.
So now you have known the situation of the old in our country. Today we will learn the situation in New Mexico in USA.
Step 2: Before you read
Before you read the passage turn to page 83 and read the three questions.
How does the Living Treasures Program work?
Do you think it’s a good idea?
3. Have you heard of a similar program in China?
Step 3: While you read
While you are reading the passage you can compare the similarities and differences between the old in China and in New Mexico in USA.
Step 4: After you read
Tell which statements are true or false.
1. The Living Treasure Program is only carried out in the state of New Mexico.
2. The Living Treasure Program is also carried out in Japan.
3. Twice a year three older New Mexicans are asked to write down their life stories.
4. The living treasures are all very important people in the town.
5. The living treasures are honoured because they have made contributions to the protection of their culture.
Keys: True: 5 False: 1, 2, 3, 4
Now you can tell me the answers to the three questions.
1. How does the Living Treasures Program work?
2. Do you think it’s a good idea?
3. Have you heard of a similar program in China?
For reference
1. Old members of the community are selected to be celebrated by the town. They are filmed, recorded and photographed, and these things are displayed as reference for everyone.
课件18张PPT。 语法 虚拟语气和状语从句㈠虚拟语气
???? 1. 在suggest, order, demand, propose, command, request insist,
recommend 等动词后的宾语从句中,用虚拟语气.
?? 我建议咱们明天早上就出发.
He insisted that we should take up the matter at the meeting. ??? 他坚持 我们在会上谈这个问题.
I suggest we (should) set off tomorrow morning. The commander ordered that all civilians (should) be withdrawn immediately. 司令官命令撤退所有的平民. 注：suggest作“暗示，表明”讲,宾语从句不用虚拟“暗示，表明”讲,
宾语从句不用虚拟语气.His expression suggested he was very angry.
insist 作“坚持说，坚持认为”讲时,不用虚拟语气.例如: All the doctors in the hospital insisted that he was badly wounded
and that he (should) be operated on at once.
?? 2.在it is suggested, it is requested, it was ordered, it was proposed,
it is necessary, it is important等结构后的主语从句,用虚拟语气.
It is important that we (should) study both Chinese and English well when we are young. ???? 年轻时学好汉语和英语对我们来说很重要.
It is requested that every teacher in our class
should give a performance at the party. 我们班级的每一位老师都得在晚会上表演节目.
3.在suggestion, proposal, order, plan, motion, recommendation??? 等名词后面的表语从句或同位语从句,用虚拟语气.
At the meeting, only Mr Li supported my motion
that we (should) set up a special board to examine the problem. 会议上, 只有李先生支持我组建一个特别委员会来研究这个问题.
The suggestion that senior students (should) have classes at weekends was turned down. 关于高中学生周末上课的建议被拒绝了.
4.wish 后的宾语从句. 表示现在不能实现的愿望,从句的谓语用过去时; a. I wish I knew the answer to the question.
我真希望知道这个问题的答案.(事实上不知道)
表示过去未能实现的愿望,从句的谓语用had + 过去分词; b. I wish I had not wasted so much time.
我真希望没有浪费这么多的时间. (事实上已经浪费了)
???? 表示将来不太实现的愿望, 从句的谓语用would +动词原形.
c. I wish you would go with us tomorrow. 但愿你明天和我们一起去.(你去的可能性也不大).
?5. if only 后的句子 表示现在没有实现的愿望, 动词用过去时; 表示过去没有实现的愿望,动词用had +过去分词; 表示与将来事实相反的假设, 谓语动词使用would+动词原形,
could+动词原形或虚拟语气过去时,常译为“要是…就好了.” If only I could learn English well in one day. 要是能在一天内把英语学习好就好了.(事实上做不到)
If only I had not been late for the interview.
要是我面试没迟到就好了.(事实上迟到了)
If only Simon would reply to my letter. 要是西蒙能给我回信就好了.(事实上不会回信)
6.would rather 后的从句. 表示现在的愿望,动词用过去时; 表示过去的愿望,
动词用had +过去分词.
I would rather she were not present.
我宁可她不在场.(事实上她在场)
I would rather he had told me the truth. 我宁可他告诉我事实真相.(事实上他没有告诉我真相.)
?7?? It is (about/high) time 后的定语从句.
表示该做某事而没有做,从句的谓语用过去时.
It is time that we went home.
我们该回家了(实际没走)
It is high time that you went to bed.
你早该睡觉了.
㈡ 状语从句
1.地点状语从句. ? 1)此类状语从句通常有从属连词where, wherever 引导. 从句可位于主句之前,也可位于主句之后.如:
I found the books where I left them.
Wherever he happens to be, John can make himself at home.
2)地点状语从句在句首时常兼有抽象条件的意味.
Where there is a will, there is a way.
Wherever there is a smoke, there is fire.
2.条件状语从句 引导此类从句的从属连词有: if , unless, so(as) long as,(只要) in case, on condition that, supposing that/suppose that (假设)
provided that/ providing that (倘若) 一般情况下,当主句时将来时的时候, 从句要用一般现在时. 如:
Do not come unless I call you .
注意: 引导的从句中的谓语动词只能是肯定式,
unless且不能引导虚拟语气条件句.
I will lend it to you as/so long as handle it with care.
In case there is a fire, what will you do first?
You can go swimming on condition that
you don’t go too far from the river bank.
I’ll go swimming providing/provided my wages are paid.
Suppose/Supposing that we can’t get enough food, what shall we do ?
??3.?? 让步状语从句
引导此类从句的从属连词有: although, though, even if, even though, while, as, whether---or---, no matter+疑问词和疑问词+
ever
1)???? although 和 though 尽管,虽然
He is unhappy though /although he has a lot of money.
Although/Though it was raining hard,
yet they went on playing football.
He said he would come; he didn’t , though.
Clever though you may be, you cannot do that.
though 引导的从句不仅可以用于自然语序,也可用于倒装语序. 还可用作副词,意为“可是，然而”， 置于句末。
2)even if 和even though 即使，纵然 两者都有退一步设想的意思，可通用。
从句中即可用陈述语气，也可用于虚拟语气。如：
Even though /if it is raining , we’ll go there.
We won’t be discouraged even if /though we fail ten times.
Even if I were busy, I would go. 4.as尽管， 虽然 as 引导的让步状语从句用于书面语, 比though, although
引导的从句更有表现力,语气更强.as引导的从句一般放在主语之前, 且必须使用倒装语序, 即将从句中的表语、状语或动词原形置于句首. 若表语是名词,前置时要省略冠词.如:
Child as he is, he knows a lot.
Smart as she is , she studies hard.
Much as like it, I won’t buy it, for it’s too expensive.
Try as he might , he could not find a job. 5.while 虽然 while引导的让步状语从句常位于句首, 相当于although, though While we don’t agree on the matter, we continue to be friends.
While the Internet is bridging the distance between people, it may
also be breaking some homes or will cause other family problems.
??6.? whether---or---不管—还是--- , 疑问词+ever=no matter +疑问词不管--- , 无论---
Whether you believe it or not, it is true. Whatever (No matter what) you say, I won’t believe you.
Don’t let them in, whoever (no matter who) they are However (No matter how) expensive it may be, I’ll take it.
注意: whoever, whatever, whomever, whichever 还可以
引导名词性从句.此时它们不能与no matter+ 疑问词互换. 如:
You can take whatever you like.
Whoever leaves last should lock the door.
Thankyou课件17张PPT。The World’s Cultural HeritageThe Great WallSuzhou gardens
Lijiang Mogao wall paintingsNatural beautypaintingsbuildingstraditionsChina signed the agreement
The 28th world heritage conference took place in Suzhou
A meeting of the world heritage committee agreed on a list of places
Suzhou invested 6 billion yuan to preserve the old town
1972
1985
2003
2004
Longmen grottoesThe Summer Palace TheTemple of Heaven 1.Some prehistoric human bones
2.200 items
3.Four sites
4.Fewer than 50% lived to the age of 50
5.Japan invaded China
6.December 19871.rain and exposure to the air
2.nearby cement factories
3.the site should be closed and repaired
4.the government and the general publicPart one
1.Paragraph and paragraph tell us the discovery.
2.Paragraph and paragraph tell us the civilization of Beijing Man.
Part two
From paragraph to paragraph the writer tell us the bad situation of the site onetwothreefourtwofourHow to preserve the Beijing Man Heritage ?
Possible answers
1.Build a cover for them
2.Hire some people to work for it
3.Try to make the cement factories move
4.Limit the visiting time
5.Ask people to treasure the historic placeshomeworkWrite a short
passage on how to
preserve the
cultural heritageBYE BYE课件14张PPT。 外研社 第七册 模块六 Vocabulary and Reading Language PointsWORDS1.prehistoric adj ①史前的 prehistoric man ② 旧式的,陈腐的. His idea on morals are really prehistoric. ?? 他的道德观念真是太陈腐了.
2.primitive adj ①原始的;远古的 . Primitive men lived in caves. 原始人住在山洞里. ②古老的;旧式的;简单的 The native of that region still live in primitive straw huts. ??? 那个地区的居民依然住在古老的茅草屋里.
3. item ① cn. 项目;款项;细目 We have many items to be discussed in our meeting today. 在今天的会议上,我们要讨论的项目很多 ②c.新闻报道;一则(报纸报到) There was an interesting item in today’s paper. ??今天报纸上有一则有趣的报导.
4. existence n. ①存在 Do you believe in the existence of God? 你相信上帝的存在吗② uc. 生活,生活方式 He leads a happy existence. 他过着幸福的生活. come into existence vi. 产生;成立 The new country came into existence in 1951. 5. span 时间,期间 Our life has but a short span. 人生只不过是一段时间. the span of five years 五年期间 for a short span of time
? 短时间内
6.maintain. ① vt. 维持;使…持续 保持 We should maintain friendly relations with neighboring countries. 我们应该和邻近各国保持友好的关系. The increase in sales is being maintained ?? 营业额持续增加
② 保养…,维修 Most of the public money went to maintaining roads. 大部分的公款都使用在维修道路上了.
7. recommend vt①推荐;介绍 ?? recommend sth to sb /recommend sb sth
向某人推荐 Would you recommend a good book to me = Would you recommend me a good book? 你能给我推荐一本书吗? ② 劝; 劝告 recommend doing=recommend sb to do I recommend your going by subway. 我劝你做地铁去. The teacher recommended that we (should) read the novel. II phrases
1 on the northern face of Dragon Bone Hill 在龙骨山的北坡
on the south of the Qomolangma 在珠穆朗玛峰南坡 2 even so 即使这样 It was cold, but even so we enjoyed the garden party. 虽然天气很冷, 但我们仍然有个愉快的游园会.
3. contribute to doing sth 有助于,导致
A proper amount of exercises contributes to good health. 适度运动有助于健康.
contribute vt.&vi. 捐献;起作用,有助于;投稿, 做出贡献
contribute ideas( money, an article ) 出主意(捐款,投稿)
contribute…to (doing) sth. 把…贡献给 make a contribution(contributions) to (doing) sth
对…做出贡献
He contributed an article to the China Daily 他为《中国日报》撰写一篇文章. 4. raise/increase awareness of 唤醒…的意识
The campaign aims to raise awareness of the dangers of passive smoking. 这项运动旨在使人们意识到被动吸烟的危害.
5. be of vital importance =be important
be of + value= be valuable be+importance=be important be of +use = be useful be+ of significance= be significant Their clothes are of the same color. The two stamps are of different sizes. IV 句型.
1）主语+recommend(insist, order, command, advise, ?? suggest, propose, demand, require, request, demand…)
语+“should+动词原形”（should也可省略）
注：suggest作“暗示，表明”讲,宾语从句不用虚拟语气.
His expression suggested he was very angry.
insist 作“坚持说，坚持认为”讲时,不用虚拟语气.例如:
All the doctors in the hospital insisted that he was badly
wounded and that he (should) be operated on at once.
2.Some areas are almost completely covered in weeds, causing serious damage. ? 不少地方杂草丛生,破败不堪.
causing serious damage 是动词的现在分词作结果状语 Tom’s grandfather died two years ago,
leaving him a big fortune.
汤姆的祖父两年前去世了,留给他一大笔钱.
The fish will eat you up in a few minutes, leaving only bones. 食人鱼在几分钟就把你吃光, 只剩下骨头. See you!Module 6 The World’s Cultural Heritage
Part One Teaching Design
Module 6 The World’s Cultural Heritage
教学设计说明
话题介绍
本模块的主题是“周口店北京人遗址”。周口店是位于北京西南约五十公里的一个小村庄。上世纪20年代考古学家在那里发现了史前的人类遗骨，这一发现改变了人们对中国历史的认识。那是一类未知人种的遗骨，是千万年前原始人生活在中国的第一证据。1987年12月，周口店被列为世界文化遗产。它不仅为我们提供了史前亚洲社会的重要信息，而且为我们提供了人类进化历程的证据。
Period 1 Introduction
本模块介绍的是“世界文化遗产”，让我们了解世界文明，珍爱文化遗产
Period 2 Reading and Vocabulary
通过阅读文章 The Amazing Caves of Zhoukoudian的学习,引出世界文化遗产这一中心话题。随后介绍了北京文化遗址处于危险中，要求我们注意保护人类文化遗址。在阅读的过程中，能正确理解阅读文章；能正确理解并运用过去分词做状语；在阅读中根据文字表面意思对其深层含义做出正确合理的推断。
Period 3 Grammar(1)
本模块的语法项目主要学习虚拟语气的用法。虚拟语气的难度主要体现在动词时态的变化上，所以在讲解的过程中应结合具体的例句说明虚拟语气中动词的时态变化的规律。
Period 4 Reading and Vocabulary(2)
运用本模块所学的词汇，完成书面练习；在书面表达中正确运用even though, even if, as long as, no matter等连词；能够清楚地介绍一种无形文化遗产。
Period 5 Grammar(2)
掌握地点、条件和让步状语从句。
Period 6 Reading Practice
本篇文章词汇量较大，在阅读中首先要解决词汇上的障碍，准确的理解课文。同时了解中国文化遗产保护的现状。
Period 7 Cultural Corner
文章主要介绍了美国的一种尊重老人的做法，在阅读的过程中可以列举中国类似的做法。在阅读中注意识别新的词汇和短语。在英语学习中了解和吸收异域民族文化的精华。
Period 1 Introduction
■Goals
To know something about the classical garden in Suzhou
To get some idea about the world heritage list.
To master the usage of the new words
■Procedures
Step 1: Warming up by discussing the picture.
1. What do you know about Suzhou?
2. Where is Suzhou?
3. How many people live in Suzhou?
4. Why is Suzhou famous?
5. Do you know what happened in Suzhou in June 2004?
For reference
1. Suzhou is in Jiangsu Province, near Shanghai. About six million people live there. It is famous for its classical Chinese gardens.
2. The 28th Would Heritage Conference took place there.
Step 2: Look at the words in the box and discuss the questions.
Next open your textbook and turn to page 71. Let us look at the words in the box and then answer the two questions.
1. Which of the items in the list are parts of a country’s cultural heritage?
2. Which do you think are the most important items? Give your reasons.
For reference
1. buildings, museums, paintings, poem, traditions.
Step 3: Important phrases
Let us look at the three phrases and check the meaning of the phrases.
unique natural beauty/ a conference venue/ preserved ancient building
For reference
Unique natural beauty--------it is a beautiful landscape which cannot be found elsewhere
A conference venue------------a place where a conference is held
Preserved ancient buildings—buildings which are protected by law and cannot be demolished or changed in any way
Step 4: Reading
Read the passage on page 71 and finish the questions.
For reference
1972: The World Heritage Committee established the World Heritage List.
1985: China signed the agreement.
2003: Suzhou invested 6 billion yuan to preserve the town’s character.
2004: The 28th World Heritage Conference took place in Suzhou.
Module 6 The World’s Cultural Heritage
Period 2 Reading and Vocabulary
■Goals
To get a general idea about Zhoukoudian
To learn to analyze the text
To observe and master the usage of the important words and expressions in the passage
■Procedures
Step 1: Revision
First read and try to get familiar with the following words in this text.
prehistoric; remains; archaeologist; primitive; skull; item; existence; relation; limestone; span; fossil; beast; sharpen; excavation; list; evolution;
Step 2: Warming up by discussion
You must know something about Beijing Man and Zhoukoudian. Say as much as you know about it. You can discuss it with your partner.
Step 3: Listening
Listen to the tape of the text and pay attention to the new words.
Step 4: Before you read
Please go over the word list for this module, paying attention to the pronunciation of the word, the relationship between its pronunciation and its spelling.
Step 5: While you read
1. Now read the text loudly please. While you are reading the passage please underline the new words and phrases and pay attention to the usage of them.
2. Complete the following form according to the information you’ve got in the text.
site
time
event
effect
For reference
site
time
event
effect
Zhoukoudian
50km south-west of Beijing
1920s
prehistoric human bones discovered
changed China’s knowledge of its history
1929
A complete skull discovered
proved the existence of a human species between 700,000 and 200,000 years ago
Eventually
200 items found
on the northern face of Longgushan
4 sites Beijing Man and his relations lived discovered
living in limestone caves
alongside the fossils of Beijing Man
ashes found
the earliest evidence of the use of fire anywhere in the world
1937
Japan invades China
excavations at the Beijing Man Site stopped; fossils disappeared, never found later
1949
PRC established
excavations starting again, Zhoukoudian becoming tourist attraction
Dec, 1987
listed as a world heritage site
giving important information, providing amazing evidence
3. Say something about the serious situation of Beijing Man Heritage Site. The following diagram may help you more or less.
Beijing Man Heritage Site in Danger
Cave badly affected by rain and exposure to the air;
Some area covered in weeds, serious damage;
pollution damage;
extremely expensive to maintain
UNESCO recommended the site closed and repaired or removed from the list
The Chinese Academy of Science trying to call public’s attention;
A fund proposed to be established;
It’s vital something to be done or catastrophe
Step 6: After you read
Next you can finish the practice on page 72.
Activity 1:
1.some prehistoric human bone 2.almost 200 items
3. four sites 4. fewer than 5%
5. Japan invaded China 6. in December 1987
Activity 2:
1.rain and exposure to the air
2.nearby cement factories
3.the site should be closed and repaired
4.the government and the general public
Activity 3:
1. bones 2. discovered 3. evidence 4. tools
5. Pollution 6. species 7. danger 8. encourage
Module 6 The World’s Cultural Heritage
Period 3 Grammar -- Subjunctive
■Goals
To master the usage of the subjunctive mood
To consolidate by practising
■Procedures
Step 1: Subjunctive
1. 虚拟语气
英语中动词一般有三种不同的语气：陈述语气、祈使语气和虚拟语气，不同的语气用不同的形式来表示。
?陈述语气：用来陈述事实，描述状态，有肯定，否定，疑问，或感叹等形式。
如：People don’t hibernate./Are you listening to the radio？
祈使语气：用来表示请求、命令、建议或劝告等。
如：Sit down, please./ Let me have a try.
虚拟语气：表示说的话不是事实，或者是不可能发生的情况，而是一种愿望、建议或与事实相反的假设，一般用于正式的书面语。
?2. 虚拟语气的用法：
1）虚拟语气在条件句中的用法:
1表示与现在事实相反,谓语动词的主要形式如下:?
非真实条件句
主句
动词的过去式 （ be的过去式用were ）
would{should, could, might} +动词原形
We would go with you if we had time.
If I were you, I would consider their plan.
If I knew this telephone number, I would ring him up.
?注意: should 多用于第一人称后。在非正式场合中，特别是在口语中，第一、二人称中单数现在用was的也不少。
If he was here, we could ask him.
?2表示和过去事实相反，谓语动词的主要形式如下：
非真实条件句
主句
had+过去分词
would{should, could, might} +have done
If he had seen you yesterday, he would have asked you about it.
If you had come earlier, you might have met him.
If I had known your telephone number, I would have called you.
If I hadn’t taken your advice, I would have made a bad mistake.
You wouldn’t have caught a cold if you had put on more clothes.
3表示和将来事实相反，谓语动词的主要形式如下：
?
非真实条件句
主句
should /were to+ 动词原形
动词的过去时
would{should, could, might} +动词原形
If it should rain, the crops would be saved.
If it were to snow tomorrow, they wouldn’t go out.
If I were to do it, I would do it in a different way.
If he got there this afternoon, he would buy a map of the city.
If I should be asked/were asked /were to be asked to go, I’d certainly go.
?特别注意：
1. 如非真实条件句的谓语含有系动词were或助动词had或should等词，可将if省 略，而把were，had或should 放在主语之前，变为虚拟倒装句，这和带有if的虚拟条件从句所表示的含义完全相同。
If I were you, I would get up early every morning. →
Were I you, I would get up early every morning.
Had you arrived at the station ten minutes earlier yesterday, you could have caught the train.
Should there be a flood, what should we do?
Were they here now, they could help us.
2. if 虚拟句的省略。
Given enough money, we could have done it much better.
3.有时用介词短语代替虚拟语气的条件句。
Fish can’t live without water. 没有水，鱼就不能活。
4.if only 要是，只要，但愿
If only we could see each other once! 但愿我们能相见一次!
If only I had listened to his advice! 我要是听了他的劝告就好了！
5.虚拟语气的混合条件句：即条件从句和主句时态不一致。
“If I had missed” said William Tell, “and had shot too low, I was going to use this arrow on you.”
If you had listened to the teacher carefully yesterday, you could answer the question now.
2) 虚拟语气在主从复合句中的用法:
I. 虚拟语气在宾语从句中的用法
1. wish+that 从句，表示的是一种虚拟语气，宾语从句中的动词所表示的动作表示的只是一种不能实现的愿望、要求。其中谓语动词的形式和对应用法如下表所述：
?
用 法
形 式
例 句
?
表示对现在情况的虚拟
?
wish+从句主语+动词过去式或were
I wish I knew something about programming.
I wish I were as strong as you.
?
表示对现在进行情况的虚拟
?wish+从句主语+ were doing
I wish I were sleeping.
I wish it weren’t raining.
?
?
表示对过去情况的虚拟
wish+从句主语+had+过去分词
She said something unpleasant. She wishes she hadn’t said it.
I wish he had got there ahead of time.
?
表示对将来情况的虚拟
?
wish+从句主语+would+动词原形
I wish he would get younger and younger.
I wish he would be more careful.
?
注意：表示对现在情况的虚拟时，从句的时态不根据前面谓语动词的时态变化而变化，而是依据从句的实际情况，可以表示和现在事实相反，也可以表示和当时事实相反。
I wish I knew the answer to the question.
Yesterday when the teacher asked me the question, I couldn’t answer it. Then I wished I knew the answer.
?2. 在suggest （建议）、demand（要求）、order（命令）、insist （坚持）、request （请求）、desire （要求）、recommend （建议、推荐）、propose（建议、提议）、require （要求）等动词后面的宾语从句中，谓语动词形式通常用动词原形（美通用）或“should＋动词原形”（英国通用）引导虚拟语气，其基本句式为：
（should） do …
主语+ suggest/suggested….. that sb. （should） be done…
（should） not do …
I suggested that we should form a spare time study group.
I demand that he answer me at once.
Doctor Li insisted that the patient should stay in bed for two weeks.
Mr. Wang ordered that we（should） start out immediately.
?特别注意：
1. suggest 作“暗示”，“说明”解时，从句谓语动词用陈述语气。
如：His accent suggests that he comes from Shanghai.
2. insist 表坚持的是事实时，从句谓语动词用陈述语气
如：He insisted that we （should） discuss the question at once. （虚拟）
He insisted that he had finished his homework and handed it in. （事实）
3. had hoped +that 从句 这种句型表示一种过去未实现的愿望, 从句谓语动词要用“would＋动词原形”。
如：I had hoped that Jane would become a doctor, but she wasn’t good enough at science.
Mike had hoped that his father would answer his letter.
?II. 虚拟语气在其它名词性从句中的用法：
在It is necessary/important/strange/suggested/ordered/proposed/requested/decided/a pity…＋主语从句 的结构中，that引导的主语从句常用虚拟语气，用should + do或should＋have done形式。
It’s necessary that he should go there at once.
It’s strange that she should have failed in the exam.
It’s a great pity that he should be so proud.
It's requested that Comrade Li should sing a song.
It’s necessary that you should clean the office after work.
It’s very important that we should ask advice of other people about our work.
It’s strange that he should have left without saying goodbye.
在suggestion, order, plan, idea 等后的表语从句、同位语从句用虚拟语气。
My suggestion is that we should go there on Sunday.
My idea is that we should send a comrade to help him.
His order that we finish the work in half an hour is hard to accept.
?III. 虚拟语气在状语从句中的用法：
1. as if （though ）引起的状语从句（谓语形式与wish 后的宾语从句谓语形式相同）。
The boy talks as if he were a man.
They talked as if they had been friends for years.
Xiao Liu speaks English so well as if he had studied English in England.
He spoke to me loudly as if I were deaf.
as if 也可引导表语从句，放在seem，look 等系动词后，如果是可以实现的事，也可用陈述语气．
It seems as if it were /was spring already.
It looks as if it were going to rain.
He looks as if he were ill.
2. 由in order that, so that 引导的状语从句中的谓语动词常用may/might/can/could＋动词原形，来表示虚拟语气。
Let’s hand in the exercises earlier so that the teacher may have time to correct them.
I live so that others may live better .自己活着为的是使别人活得更好．
She stayed at home for a few days so that she might take care of her mother.
She took a taxi so that she could get there in time.
?IV. 使用虚拟语气常见的其它句型:
1、“would rather ”与“had rather”表希望，后跟从句用虚拟语气，一般用动词的过去时态。
I would rather you didn’t trouble him.
I would rather we played basketball.
I would rather you came tomorrow.
2、It is/was time （high time）+主语+ 动词过去式/should（不能省略）+动词原形。表示该干什么了，而没有干。
It’s time you went to bed.
It’s time she washed that dress.
－I’m getting tired.
－it’s time we went home. 我累了我们该回家了。
It’s time you should have a class.
Step 2: 巩固练习
1. The manager’s suggestion was that the meeting __off still next week.
A. be put B. to put C. should put D. be putting
2. Mother suggested that I ___ my homework first before watching TV.
A. did B. shall do C. do D. have done
3. The order came that the medical supplies _____to the villages struck by the tsunami soon.
A. would be sent B. should send C. be sent D. must be sent
4. They requested that he ____ on the radio.
A. spoke B. speaks C. speak D. would speak
5. It is important that we ____wild animals.
A. will protect B. should protect C. shall protect D. are protecting
6. He is talking too much about America as if he ____ there.
A. had been B. has been C. was D. were
7. Mother insisted that the child’s hands ____before dinner.
A. should wash B. be washed C. would wash D. had washed
8. Had you listened to the doctor, you ____all right now.
A. are B. were C. would be D. would have been
9. ____ I be free tomorrow, I could go with you.
A. Could B. Should C. Might D. Was I
10. You look so tired tonight. It’s time you ____.
A. go to sheep B. went to bed C. go to bed D. will go to bed
11. ____ your letter, I would have written back two days ago.
A. If I received B. Should I receive C. Had I received D. If I could have received
12. He smiled as if he ____my thought.
A. had read B. was reading C. read D. has read
13. We ____ the work on the time without your help.
A. hadn’t had finished B. couldn’t have finished C. didn’t have finished D. can’t have finished
14. ----Have you ever been to Beijing?
----No, but I wish I ___.
A. have B. will C. do D. had
15. ----He is a very brave man.
----Yes, I wish I ____ his courage.
A. have B. had C. will have D. would have
Keys: 1-5ACCCB 6-10 ABCBB 11-15 CABDB
Step 3: Practice in the textbook
Next let us finish the practice in the textbook.
Activity 2: 1. (a) 2. (b) 3. (a) 4. (a) 5. (b)
Activity 3:
1. The professor demanded that the government do something about it.
2. UNESCO insisted that the site be repaired as it was very serious.
3. The Academy proposed that the general public get involved.
4. The professor requested that I give them some money.
5. Someone from the Academy suggested that a fund be started to raise money.
课件16张PPT。Vocabulary and Reading故宫布达拉宫莫高窟九寨沟丽江古城泰山庐山武夷山长城北京人兵马俑1the first thing that was found at ZhoukoudianQuestions para 1
??some prehistoric human bones2 the location of Zhoukoudian caves ???? about 50 kilometers south-west of Beijing
part1 1) the number of items that were eventually found almost 200 items 2) the number of skulls and teeth six skulls and more than 150 teethpara 2 Questions
para 3 the number of places where Beijing Man lived (four sites) 1)They also made tools from bones and sharpened stones. the prehistoric men 2)They have never been found most of fossils Para 4 1)the percentage of people who lived to the age of 50 fewer than 5% 2)the reason why work on the site stopped Japan invaded China Para 5 when the site became a world heritage site in December 1987 Part 2 Beijing Man Heritage Site in DangerPara 1 Is there the earliest evidence of the use of fire by humans? Para 2 1) two natural causes of the destruction of the caves rain and exposure to the air 2) the origin of pollution that is affecting the caves nearby cement factories two demands from UNESCO the site should be closed and repaired Para 31)They have recommended that the site be closed and repaired UNESCO2)They have suggested that the general public be encouraged to help with the problem the Chinese Academy of Sciences Para 41) two possible groups of people who can help to repair the caves the government and the general public 2)They can help by contributing to the cost of repairing the caves ordinary people 3)They are a precious part of our cultural heritage the caves ∨ ∨ ∨ ∨ ∨ ∨ ∨ ∨ Discussion What should we do if we want to protect the Zhoukoudian Beijing Man sites?
课件42张PPT。Module 6The World’s Cultural HeritageIntroduction
Please look at the Picture on page 71,and say something about Suzhou.Shuzhou is one of the 31 sites in China on the World Heritage List. Except Shuzhou, which cities do you know are on the list?Let’s look at some other places on the list in China.
中国遗产名录
437 Mount Taishan 泰山 438 The Great Wall 万里长城439 故宫 440 Mogao Caves 莫高窟 （甘肃）441 Mausoleum of the First Qin Emperor 秦始皇陵/兵马俑 陕西449 Peking Man Site at Zhoukoudian 周口店北京人遗址547 Moutain Huangshan 黄山637九寨沟风景名胜区 638 黄龙风景名胜区 640 武陵源风景名胜区 703 Mountain Resort and its Outlying Temples 承德避暑山庄及周围寺庙
Temple and Cemetery of Confucius and the Kong Family Mansion in Qufu 孔庙孔林孔府 705 Ancient Building Complex in the Wudang Mountains 武当山古建筑
707 Historic Ensemble of the Potala Palace, Lhasa 布达拉宫778 Lushan National Park 庐山国家公园
779 Mount Emei Scenic Area, including Leshan Giant Buddha Scenic Area 峨眉山-乐山大佛811old town in Lijiang 丽江古城
812 Ancient City of Ping Yao 平遥古城
813 Gardens of Suzhou 苏州园林880 Summer Palace, an Imperial Garden in Beijing 颐和园
881 Temple of Heaven 天坛
911 Mount Wuyi 武夷山912 Dazu Rock Carvings 大足石刻
912 Mount Qingcheng and the Dujiangyan Irrigation System 青城山-都江堰 1002 Ancient Villages in Southern Anhui – Xidi and Hongcun 西递和宏村
1003 Longmen Grottoes 龙门石窟 1004 Imperial Tombs of the Ming and Qing Dynasties 明清皇家陵寝
1039 Yungang Grottoes 云岗石窟 1083 Three Parallel Rivers 三江并流
1110 Historic Centre of Macao--澳门历史城区1135 Capital Cities and Tombs of the Ancient Koguryo Kingdom 古高句丽国
Read the part 4, and answer the questions. 1.What is the World Heritage List?
2.When did China sign the agreement?
3.How many Chinese sites are on the list? 4.What did the city mainly do?
There is a proverb to describe Suzhuo.
Upon the heaven there is a paradise, down on the earth there are Suzhou and Hangzhou.Vocabulary and reading
Read the first part and find the answers to the questions.1.What was the first thing that was found at Zhoukoudian?
2.What was the number of items that were eventually found ?3.What was the number of the places where Beijing Man lived?
4.What was the percentage of people who lived to the age of 50?5.What was the reason why work on the site stopped?
6.When did the site become a world heritage site?Use the questions to recite the first part.
The Beijing Man heritage site is very important,but it is in danger now.Read the part2 and try to finish activity 2.
1.Rain and exposure to the air.
2.The origin of pollution is from nearby cement factories.3.If the site endangered, the UNESCO recommended the site be closed and repaired.4.The general public and the government.
The main idea of each paragraph of part 2. Para 1 The importance of Zhoukoudian Para2.Causes of the destruction
Para3.UNESCO demands
Para4.How to protect the relicsUse the main ideas of each paragraph, and add some details to retell the second part.Homework
1.Do the activities 3-6 on page 73 and 74.
2.Find useful expressions and complicated structure.Thank you for coming!Module 6 The World’s Cultural Heritage
Part Two Teaching Resources
Section 1 Background Readings for Module 6 The World’s Cultural Heritage
1. Conkers:
（英国的）康克戏（一种儿童游戏，双方各用绳子系住一个七叶树果，以击破对方的七叶树果为胜）
Playing conkers is a British game which is centuries old. In the autumn, boys collect the fallen nuts of the Horse Chestnut tree, which are large, round and brown and commonly known as conkers. They make a hole in the middle of each nut from top to bottom and thread a piece of string through it, knotting it underneath. They then find a partner who has a conker and play the game like this: Boy A takes his conker string at the top and holds it at arm’s length, so that the conker dangles down free at the other end of the string; Boy B then tried to hit this conker with his, with the arm of breaking it. When B has had his turn, he holds his conker out and Boy A tries to hit his conker. This continues until one of the conkers is broken. The first time a new conker breaks another conker it becomes a “oner”, and if it goes on to break others it becomes a “twoer”, a “threer” and so on. Children are very proud of conkers that break many others. The conker “season” is from the end of September on into October, when the horse chestnuts fall from the trees. School playgrounds are often covered with broken conkers, as many pairs of boys play the game. Playing conkers is an important part of British intangible cultural heritage which has been passed down orally from generation to generation.
2. Scottish Gaelic
Scottish Gaelic(盖尔语) is one of the languages in the Celtic branch of Indo-European family. It was introduced into Scotland from Ireland around 500AD. By the 11th Century, it was the dominant language throughout Scotland, but since then has been declining, due to the influence of England and the English.
In the 2001 Census, the population of Scotland was 5,062,011; of these 4,968,729 people said they had no knowledge of Gaelic, and only 31,235 said they could speak, read and write Gaelic, while a further 27,415 said they could speak but not read or write it, and 7.413 other people said they could do one of the other skills.
There was a decline in Gaelic speakers from 1991(65,978) to 2001 (58,652). This decline was particularly noticeable in the traditional heartlands of the Gaidhealtachd (Gaelic-speaking area) in the northwestern parts of Scotland. This was also connected with loss of population in general from remote island areas to the cities.
The Scottish government has been trying to do something about the death of Gaelic. In July 2005, they brought in a Gaelic Language Act, rather along the lines of that introduced in Wales 20 years before. They have been particularly concerned with education, and have been having some success. In 1985 there were only 20 children in Gaelic immersion schools in Glasgow and Inverness. In 2005, there were 2008 children being taught through Gaelic in 61 primary schools, 307 in 18 secondary schools and 638 in 60 pre-schools in a range of Scottish cities. Scotland’s only all-Gaelic primary school will have 200 pupils in 2005-2006.
The main TV channel is reducing its Gaelic programmes from 26 hours to 6 hours a year. The government, however, says it must contribute $ 1-1.5 million towards new Gaelic digital TV channel.
The Scottish government is looking at the success of programmes in Ireland (1926:500,000 speakers-2005:1.5 million speakers of Irish Gaelic), Wales (an, 80.000 increase in Welsh speakers in the past 10years) and Catalunya in Spain.
3. Zhou Koudian – Home of Peking Man
In December, a Chinese paleoanthropologist named Pei Wenzhong discovered a complete skull of “Peking Man” on Dragon Bone Hill northwest of Zhoukoudian, in the southwest suburbs of Beijing. Later, archaeologists unearthed 40-odd individually fossilized skeletons of “Peking Man”, male, female, old and young, all at the same place. Zhoukoudian, therefore, became the most common site for human remains with the most abundant fossils in the world from the same period. The discovery pushed the history of Beijing’s civilization back to some 600,000 years. These fossils remains prove that “Peking Man” was primitive man in an evolutionary process from ancient ape to modern man, and is the ancestor of the Chinese nation.
Inside the 140-meter Peking Man Cave, stratum accumulation was of a depth of40 meters. The inhabitants spanning more than 300,000 years left their remains, stone tools and traces of fire here. On Dragon Bone Hill were also found fossilized remains of Upper Cave Man, who lived 18,000 years ago, as well as sites of New Cave Man, who lived 18,000 years ago, as well as sites of New Cave Man, who lived between Peking Man and Upper Cave Man.
In 1987, the Zhoukoudian caves were listed as one of the world cultural heritage sites.
4. 1）世界文化遗产
■长城The Great Wall 1987
■明清皇宫（北京故宫、沈阳故宫）Imperial Palace 1987 ■泰山Mount Taishan 1987
■莫高窟Mogao Caves 1987
■秦始皇陵及兵马俑坑Mausoleum of the First Qin Emperor1987 ■周口店北京人遗址Peking Man Site at Zhoukoudian 1987
■黄山 Mount Huangshan 1990 ■承德避暑山庄及周围庙宇 Mountain Resort and its Outlying Temples, Chengde 1994 ■曲阜孔庙孔林孔府 Temple and Cemetery of Confucius and the Kong Family Mansion in Qufu 1994 ■武当山古建筑群 Ancient Building Complex in the Wudang Mountains 1994 ■拉萨布达拉宫历史建筑群 Historic Ensemble of the Potala Palace, Lhasa 1994 ■庐山国家公园 Lushan National Park 1996 ■峨嵋山风景名胜区(包括乐山大佛) Mount Emei Scenic Area, including Leshan Giant Buddha Scenic Area 1996
■平遥古城 Ancient City of Ping Yao 1997 ■苏州古典园林 Classical Gardens of Suzhou 1997 ■丽江古城 Old Town of Lijiang 1997 ■颐和园 Summer Palace, an Imperial Garden in Beijing 1998 ■北京天坛 Temple of Heaven: an Imperial Sacrificial Altar in Beijing 1998 ■武夷山 Mount Wuyi 1999 ■大足石刻 Dazu Rock Carvings 1999 ■青城山—都江堰 Mount Qingcheng and the Dujiangyan Irrigation System 2000 ■皖南古城：西递和宏村 Ancient Villages in Southern Anhui - Xidi and Hongcun 2000 ■龙门石窟 Longmen Grottoes 2000 ■明清皇家陵寝 Imperial Tombs of the Ming and Qing Dynasties 2000 ■云冈石窟 Yungang Grottoes 2001 ■云南保护区的「三江并流」Three Parallel Rivers of Yunnan Protected Areas 2003 ■古代高句丽王国的王城及王陵 Capital Cities and Tombs of the Ancient Koguryo Kingdom 2004 ■澳门历史城区 The Historic Centre of Macao 2005 ■中国安阳殷墟 2006
2）世界自然遗产
九寨沟（Jiuzhaigou Valley Scenic and Historic Interest Area），黄龙（Huanglong Scenic and Historic Interest Area），武陵源（Wulingyuan Scenic and Historic Interest Area），三江并流（Three Parallel Rivers of Yunnan Protected Areas），四川大熊猫栖息地
3）世界文化与自然遗产
泰山（Mount Taishan），黄山（Mount Huangshan），峨眉山-乐山大佛（Mount Emei Scenic Area, including Leshan Giant Buddha Scenic Area），武夷山（Mount Wuyi）
4）文化景观
庐山（Lushan National Park）
5）人类口述和非物质遗产代表作
昆曲（Kunqu Opera），古琴 (Guqin Music)
Module 6 The World’s Cultural Heritage
Section 2 The Analysis of the Difficult Sentences from Module 6 The World’s Cultural Heritage
1. Fewer than 5% lived to the age of 50. 活到50岁的人不到5%。
to在这里表示达到某种程度，意思是“到” 动词+to的常见短语：
动词+ to
adjust to适应，attend to处理；照料，agree to赞同，amount to加起来达…，belong to属于， come to达到，drink to为…干杯，get to到达，happen to发生在某人身上，hold to紧握，lead to通向，listen to听，occur to想起，object to反对，point to指向，respond to回答，refer to参考；指的是…；涉及，reply to回答，see to负责，stick to坚持，turn to求助，write to给某人写信
动词（+sth.）+to+sb.
announce to通知某人，describe to向某人描述，explain to向某人解释，express to对某人表达，mention to提及，nod to向某人点头，report to报告，say to告知，shout to对某人大叫，suggest to对某人提建议，speak to与某人交谈，talk to跟某人谈话，whisper to和某人低声耳语
动词+sth./sb.+ to +sth./sb.
add to增加，compare to比作，carry to运送至，devote to致力于，introduce to介绍给，invite to邀请参加，join to连接到，leave to委托给，reduce to下降至，sentence to判处，take to带到
2. They have recommended that the site be closed and repaired. 该组织提议关闭这个遗址并进行维修。
该句中采用虚拟语气，be前省略了should，文中还有类似的句子，“They have suggested that the general public be encouraged to help with the problem.” “A professor at the Academy has proposed that a fund be established to raise money.” “We have requested that the government get involved, but we also need assistance from ordinary people.”
下面就本课的虚拟语气结合以上这些句子来学习虚拟语气的运用。
虚拟语气用于名词性从句 (1)虚拟语气在宾语从句中的运用。 ①“wish?+?宾语从句”表示不能实现的愿望，译为“要是……就好了”等。 表示现在不能实现的愿望，从句中的谓语动词用一般过去时； 表示将来不能实现的愿望，从句中的谓语动词用“would/could?+?动词原形”；? 表示过去不能实现的愿望，从句中的谓语动词用“had?+?过去分词”或“could(should)?+?have?+?过去分词”。如： I?wish?it?were?spring?all?the?year?round. I?wish?I?had?known?the?answer. I?wish?I?could?fly?like?a?bird. ②在表示建议、要求、命令的动词suggest、advise、propose、demand、require、insist?request、command、order等后的宾语从句中，谓语动词用should?+?动词原形或是动词原形，should可以省略。如： She?suggested?we?(should)leave?here?at?once. The?doctor?ordered?she?should?be?operated. (2)虚拟语气在同位语从句和表语从句中的运用。 作表示建议、要求、命令等的名词advise、idea、order、demand、plan、proposal、suggestion、request等的表语从句和同位语从句，从句中的谓语动词用“（should）?+?动词原形”。如： His?suggestion?that?we?(should)go?to?Shanghai?is?wonderful. My?idea?is?that?they?(should) pay?100?dollars. (3)虚拟语气在主语从句中的运用。 在主语从句中，谓语动词的虚拟语气用“should?+?动词原形”的结构，表示惊奇、不相信、理应如此等。如： It?is?necessary(important,?natural,?strange,?etc.)that?we?should?clean?the?room?every?day. It?was?a?pity?(a?shame,?no?wonder,?etc.) that?you?should?be?so?careless. It will be desired (suggested, decided, ordered, requested, proposed, etc.) that she should finish her homework this afternoon. 注意：这种从句表示的是事实。如果说人对这种事实表现出惊奇的情感，就可用虚拟语气。反之，如果不表示惊奇等情感，that从句也可用陈述句语气。如： It?is?pity?that?you?can’t?swim. 虚拟语气在其他场合的运用 (1)虚拟语气在as?if/as?though、even?if/even?though等引导的表语从句或状语从句中，如果从句表示的动作发生在过去，用过去完成时；指现在状况，则用一般过去时；指将来状况则用过去将来时。如： He?did?it?as?if?he?were?an?expert. Even?if?she?were?here,?she?could?not?solve?the?problem. (2)虚拟语气用于定语从句中。 这种从句常用于句型“It?is?(high)time?(that)?…?”中，定语从句的谓语动词用一般过去时(be用were)或should?+?动词原形，意思是“(现在)该……”。如： It’s?time?that?I?picked?up?my?daughter. It’s?high?time?we?were?going. (3)虚拟语气用在if?only引导的感叹句中。如： If?only?I?were?a?bird. If?only?I?had?taken?his?advice. (4)虚拟语气在一些简单句中的运用。 ①情态动词的过去式用于现在时态时，表示说话人谦虚、客气、有礼貌或语气委婉，常出现在日常会话中。如： It?would?be?better?for?you?not?to?stay?up?too?late. Would?you?be?kind?enough?to?close?the?door? ②用于一些习惯表达法中。如： Would?you?like?a?cup?of?tea? I?would?rather?not?tell?you.?
高考链接
1. The workers will go on strike if the demands they ____ put forward are turned down. (2006福建)
A. could B. would C. / D. had
2. ____ fired, your health care and other benefits will not be immediately cut off. (2006湖北)
A. Would you be B. Should you be C. Could you be D. Might you be
3. When a pencil is partly in a glass of water, it looks as if it ______. (1995全国)
A. breaks B. has broken C. were broken D. had been broken
4. You didn’t let me drive. If we _____ in turn, you _____ so tired. (1996全国)
A. drove; didn’t get B. drove; wouldn’t get
C. were driving; wouldn’t get D. had driven; wouldn’t have got
5. If only he ____ quietly as the doctor instructed, he would not suffer so much now. (2000上海)
A. lies B. lay C. had lain D. should lie
6. It is hard for me to imagine what I would be doing today if I _____ in love, at the age of seven, with the Melinda Cox Library in my hometown. (2002上海)
A. wouldn’t have fallen B. had not fallen C. should fall D. were to fall
7. Look at the trouble I am in! If only I ____ your advice. (2003上海春)
A. followed B. would follow C. had followed D. should follow
8. -- Don't you think it necessary that he _______ to Miami but to New York?
-- I agree, but the problem is ________ he has refused to. ( 2005江苏)
A. will not be sent; that B. not be sent; that
C. should not be sent; what D. should not send; what
9. Without the air to hold some of the sun’s heat, the earth at night ____ which is too cold for us to live on.(1997上海)
A. would be freezing cold B. will be freezing cold
C. would be frozen cold D. can freeze coldly
10. The two strangers talked as if they ____ friends for years.(1993上海)
A. should be B. would be C. have been D. had been
Keys: 1-5 CBCDC 6-8 BCBAD
3．They are a precious part of our cultural heritage – it is of vital importance that we do something. 它们是我们文化遗产中极其宝贵的部分—因此我们采取行动就显得尤为重要。
of vital importance=very important
“of+抽象名词”相当于该名词相应的形容词。不过，这种结构常用于较正式的场合，书面语中尤为常见。再看下面几个句子：
This book will be of great value to him in his students. (=Be very valuable)
The book is of much interest. (=Be very interesting)
“be of +名词”还可以表达以下几种意义：
1、表示“具有，具备”，如：
Her story is of some colours of the truth. 她的故事有点真实感
The Party’s 16th congress is of epoch making significance.党的十六大具有划时代的意义。
2、表示“属于”，如：
The products are of first-rate quality.这些产品的质量是属于第一流的。
3、表示“包含”、“包括”、“类别”等，如
The Americans are of almost all colures and races.美国人几乎包括各种各样的肤色及种族。
His whole life was of best glory.她的一生是非常光荣的。
4. 这种结构还可表示“年龄”.“出身”“等级”等，例：
We are of the same age. 我们年龄相同。
He was of noble birth and high rank. 他出身于高贵门庭。
需要提及的是，“be of + 名词”结构的否定形式一般采用否定名词的做法：“be of no + 名词”。例如：
He is of no colour, for he has been ill for two weeks. 他毫无血色，因为他患疾两周了。
As far as the study of English was concerned, what he said was of no point. 就学习英语而言，他所讲的并未切中要害。
4. UNESCO’s agenda for the world’s tangible and intangible heritage is also to act as a warning system for sites which are at the mercy of redevelopment, pollution or even …
at the mercy of (powerless against)
to be in a situation where someone or something has complete power over you: “任凭……摆布”“在……面前无能为力”
Poor people are increasingly at the mercy of money-lenders.
Perhaps it is humankind’s long suffering at the mercy of flood and drought that makes the ideal of forcing the waters to do our bidding so fascinating.
Module 6 The World’s Cultural Heritage
Section 3 Words and Expressions from Module 6 The World’s Cultural Heritage
agreement n.
1 when people have the same opinion, or when they approve of or accept sth.: The whole family was in agreement with her about/on what they should do. If the three parties cannot reach agreement now, there will be a civil war. I don’t think you’ll ever get Tony’s agreement to these proposals. [+ that] There’s widespread agreement that the law should be changed. 2 a decision or arrangement, often formal and written, between two or more groups or people: The dispute was settled by an agreement that satisfied both sides. The government has entered into/signed an international arms-control agreement. They have broken (the terms of) the agreement on human rights. Finally the two sides have reached an agreement. In the sentence “Kate was brushing her hair”, “Kate” and “her” are in agreement (= they are correctly expressed according to the rules of grammar).
invest v.
to give money to a company, business, or bank, in order to get a profit
John invested $700 million into the video studio.
I’ve invested a lot of time and effort into the project; I don’t want it to fail.
Jenny has invested heavily into the bond market.
divert v.
1 to cause sth. or someone to change direction: Traffic will be diverted through the side streets while the main road is resurfaced. Our flight had to be diverted to Stansted because of the storm. 2 to use something for a different purpose: Should more funds/money/resources be diverted from roads into railways? diversion n. 1 [C] UK (US detour) a different route that is used because a road is closed: Traffic diversions will be kept to a minimum throughout the festival. 2 [C or U] when sth. is sent somewhere different from where it was originally intended to go: the diversion of money to other projects
sharpen v.
1 to make sth. stronger: Recent changes have sharpened competition between the airlines. The prison riots have sharpened the debate about how prisons should be run. Sharpen all your pencils before the test.
The light grew brighter and the shadow sharpened.
2 to improve: These latest moves have sharpened fears of a military conflict.
I hope this course will help me sharpen my computer skills.
evolution n.
the way in which living things change and develop over millions of years, or a gradual process of change and development: Darwin’s theory of evolution the evolution of language
exposure n.
when sth. bad that someone has done is made public: The exposure of the minister’s love affair forced him to resign.
Skin cancer can be caused by prolonged exposure to the sun.
The failure of their marriage has received a lot of exposure in the press recently.
We nearly died of exposure on the mountainside.
contribute v.
1 to give sth., especially money, in order to provide or achieve sth. together with other people: Aren’t you going to contribute towards Jack’s leaving present? Come to the meeting if you feel you have something to contribute. Her family have contributed ￡50, 000 to the fund. Most people contributed money to the church building
The volunteers contributed huge amounts of their time to the project.
2 to write articles for a newspaper, magazine or book: She contributes to several magazines.
endanger v.
to put someone or sth. at risk or in danger of being harmed, damaged or destroyed: He would never do anything to endanger the lives of his children. We must be careful not to do anything that might endanger the economic recovery.
Smoking during pregnancy can endanger your body’s health.
If unemployment continues to rise, the social stability may be endangered.
recommend v.
to suggest that sb.or sth. would be good or suitable for a particular job or purpose, or to suggest that a particular action should be done: I can recommend the chicken in mushroom sauce – it’s delicious. She has been recommended for promotion. The headmistress agreed to recommend the teachers’ proposals to the school governors. [+ (that)] The doctor recommended (that) I take more exercise. [+ ing form of verb] I recommend writing your feelings down on paper. The city has much/little to recommend it (= It has a lot of/few pleasant qualities).
Graham’s father strongly recommends sending the children to hospital immediately.
The hotel manager recommends that we should eat fish today.
The teacher recommends the dictionary to us.
propose v.
1 [T] to offer or state a possible plan or action for other people to consider: [+ that] I propose that we wait until the budget has been announced before committing ourselves to any expenditure. [+ ing form of verb] He proposed dealing directly with the suppliers. She proposed a boycott of the meeting. He proposed a motion that the chairman resign. 2 [T] to suggest someone for a position or for membership of an organization: To be nominated for union president you need one person to propose you and another to second you. 3 [I] to ask someone to marry you: I remember the night your father proposed to me.
catastrophe n.
1 a sudden event that causes very great trouble or destruction: They were warned of the ecological catastrophe to come. The earthquake is really a catastrophe to the local people.
It is a catastrophe to the family that the father died in the traffic accident.
2 a bad situation: The emigration of scientists is a catastrophe for the country.
estimate
n. a guess of what the size, value, amount, cost, etc. of sth. might be: The number of people who applied for the course was 120 compared with an initial estimate of between 50 and 100. We’ll accept the lowest of three estimates for the building work. a conservative (= low) estimate a rough (= not exact) estimate
v. to guess the cost, size, value, etc. of sth.: Government sources estimate a long-term 50% increase in rail fares. [+ (that)] They estimate (that) the journey will take at least two weeks. [+ question word] It was difficult to estimate how many trees had been destroyed.
request
n. 1 [C or U] when you politely or officially ask for sth.: They received hundreds of requests for more information. [+ to infinitive] The boss refused our request to leave work early. The clause was added to the contract at Carlos’s request (= because Carlos asked for this). An application form will be sent to you on request (= if you ask). 2 [C] a song or similar item which someone has asked to be included in a show or on the radio: The next song is a request from/for Roz in Totteridge. v. [+ that] We requested that the next meeting be held on a Friday. [+ object + to infinitive] Visitors are requested not to walk on the grass. I requested a taxi for 8 o’clock.
marvelous adj.
extremely good: He’s done a marvellous job of the decorating. It took me ages to get it right, but it was a marvellous feeling when I did. It’s marvellous how everyone’s tried to help. He was a truly marvellous storyteller. We’ve achieved some marvellous results with this new drug.
It is marvelous to receive your letter.
It sounds like a marvelous idea.
tangible adj.
real or not imaginary; able to be shown, touched or experienced: We need tangible evidence if we’re going to take legal action. Other tangible benefits include an increase in salary and shorter working hours.
enlarge v.
1 [I or T] to become bigger or to make something bigger: They’ve enlarged the kitchen by building over part of the garden. Symptoms of the disease include an enlarged spleen or liver. 2 [T] to print a bigger copy of a photograph or document
discriminate v. to treat a person or particular group of people differently, especially in a worse way from the way in which you treat other people, because of their skin colour, religion, sex, etc: She felt she had been discriminated against because of her age. In order to increase the number of female representatives, the selection committee decided to discriminate in favour of women for three years. discrimination ??n.
racial/sex discrimination Until 1986 most companies would not even allow women to take the examinations, but such blatant discrimination is now disappearing.
practitioner n.
someone involved in a skilled job or activity: Elizabeth Quan is a London-based practitioner of traditional Chinese medicine. She was a medical practitioner (= a doctor) before she entered politics.
advocate v.
to publicly support or suggest an idea, development or way of doing sth.: [+ ing form of verb] She advocates taking a more long-term view. He advocates the return of capital punishment.
compromise n.
an agreement in an argument in which the people involved reduce their demands or change their opinion in order to agree: It is hoped that a compromise will be reached in today’s talks. In a compromise between management and unions, a 4% pay rise was agreed in return for an increase in productivity. The government has said that there will be no compromise with terrorists. compromise v. to accept that you will reduce your demands or change your opinion in order to reach an agreement with someone: Party unity is threatened when members will not compromise. Well, you want $400 and I say $300, so let's compromise at/on $350.
subjective adj.
influenced by or based on personal beliefs or feelings, rather than based on facts: I think my husband is the most handsome man in the world, but I realize my judgment is rather subjective. More specific and less subjective criteria should be used in selecting people for promotion within the company.
honour
v. to give someone public praise or a reward: He was honoured with a knighthood.
n. a reward, prize or title that publicly expresses admiration or respect: She received an honour for her services to the community. He was buried with full military honours (= with a special celebration to show respect).
经典时文背诵
The Palace Museum
Situated at the heart of Beijing, the Palace Museum is approached through Tiananmen Gate. Immediately to the north of the Palace Museum is Prospect Hill (also called Coal Hill), while on the east and west are Wangfujing and Zhongnanhai neighborhoods. It is a location endowed with cosmic significance by ancient China’s astronomers.
Correlating the emperor’s abode (住所), which they considered the pivot (枢轴) of the terrestrial (陆地) world, with the Pole Star, which they believed to be at the center of the heavens, they called the palace The Purple Forbidden City.
The Forbidden City was built from 1406 to 1420 by the third Ming emperor Yongle who, upon usurping（篡夺） the throne, determined to move his capital north from Nanjing to Beijing. In 1911 the Qing dynasty fell to the republican revolutionaries. The last emperor, Puyi, continued to live in the palace after his abdication until he was expelled (驱逐) in 1924. Twenty-four emperors lived and ruled from this palace during this 500-year span.
课件64张PPT。Unit 6The World’s Cultural HeritageIntroduction Look at the photograph and answer the questions.Classical Gardens of Suzhou Classical Gardens of Suzhou Classical Gardens of Suzhou ????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????
??
????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????
??
???????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????
Questions:1.Have you ever been these place?
2.How about these place?
3. What do you think about the world’s cultural heritage?1. UNESCO’s agenda for the world’s tangible and intangible heritage is also to act as a warning system for sites which are at the mercy of redevelopment, pollution or even the effects of tourism, and cultural activities which are in danger.
在这个句子中，at the mercy of 表示“受……支配”、“在……的掌控之中”Language Points名词mercy类似的用法还有 have mercy on (upon) … “对……有怜悯心”
in one’s mercy “出于恻隐之心”
e.g. Please have mercy on those endangered animal species!
请对濒临灭绝的动物类种多些怜悯！
He decided to help me totally in his mercy.
他决定帮助我完全出于怜悯。
2. The living treasures are honored for their achievement in many different areas of life.
短语are honored for 表示“因为……而获得荣誉、褒奖”
honor 作为名词可以表示“尊敬、荣誉（人物）”
e.g. He has been regarded as an honor to the whole family.
他已经被看作是全家的引以为荣的人。3. While the bid is going through, the state government allocates funds for each item’s protection.
在这个句子中，go through表示“被通过”，此外，这个短语还有“经历、经受、履行、把……进行到底”的意思。
e.g. I would like to go through fire and water for my beloved.
为了我所爱的人，我愿意赴汤蹈火。4. In return, UNESCO recognizes the autonomy of provincial, federal and state cultural organizations, but offers support and guidance when requested.
in return (for) 表示“作为回报”，同时还有“交换、报答”的意思。
e.g. She has never expected that I could make return for what she has done for me.
她从来没有期望我对她所做的能有所报答。5. They are a precious part of our cultural heritage—it is of vital importance that we do something.
of vital importance 表示“至关重要的”，相当于vitally important
类似的用法如：of great significance “非常的重要”。
e.g. It is of great significance that we preserve well those heritages already on the list.
很好地保护那些已经在文化遗产名单上的遗产具有重要的意义。6. With more than 50 million Chinese living and working overseas, the Mid-Autumn Festival reminds them of their Chinese origins and would help to unite Chinese people all over the world.
remind sb. of sth. 表示“使某人记起、想起某事”，类似的用法如：remind sb. to do sth.“使某人想起去做某事”。
e.g. Please remind me to pick you up tomorrow in the airport.
请提醒我明天去机场接你。7. Plans for a seminar of experts on the festival have been announced, which will recommend symbolic ambassadors to promote the bid.
symbolic ambassadors表示“形象大使”，ambassador 既可以表示官方的“大使”，也表示非官方的“使者、代表”，如ambassador of peace，“和平使者”，ambassador of good wills，“友好亲善使节”。
e.g. He is acknowledged as the ambassador of peace by the whole world.
他是世界公认的和平使者。8. It is famous for its unique classical gardens and there are more than a hundred preserved ancient buildings in the city.
动词preserve 有“保护、保藏”的意思，作为名词则具有“保护区”、“专属某人的活动”等意思。
e.g. There is no hunting permitted in this preserve.
在这个保护区是不允许打猎的。9. However, the life span of Beijing Man was short.
span在这里表示“跨度、期限”，life span则译为“生命期”，span作为动词表示“跨过、持续”。
e.g. They are building a bridge that spans the Three Gorges.
他们正在建造一坐横跨三峡的大桥。The Great Wall of China The Great Wall, the symbol of the Chinese nation, stretches 6,350 kilometers from Shanhaiguan Pass on the east coast to Jiayuguan Pass in the Gobi Desert. Construction of the Wall first began during the period of the Warring States (476 - 221 BC). The Great Wall of ChinaIn 221 BC Emperor Qin Shihuang decided to have the walls linked up and extended. Historical records show that about 1 million people, one-fifth of China's population at the time, took part in the project which lasted more than ten years. When it was finished we call it "Wan Li Chang Cheng" which means "Ten Thousand-Li-Long Wall". Answer the questions1.Is there any world cultural heritage in china now?
2.What is it ? Can you list them ?
3.Have you visited these places before?Santa Fe Chamber Music FestivalSanta Fe Cuisine.Pueblo Feast dayOldest ChurchSanta Fe’s Living TreasuresHorno Ovens.Fine Art MuseumDowntown Santa Fe ProtalHollyhocks.Santa Fe’s Living TreasuresRed rug with potsFarolitos.Pecos National Historic ParkLilac gateSanta Fe’s Living TreasuresNative Americans under portalEl Ranch de Las GolondrinasChiles and claypotsGold Portal.Santa Fe’s Living TreasuresStonehengeWhere do you guess does it come from ?
2. What do you think was it used for?
Stonehenge , EnglandStonehenge, a circle of large standing stones near Salisbury, England, was probably built in three stages between about 3000 and 1000 BC. The fun_ction of the monument remains unknown: once believed to be a temple, Stonehenge is now often thought to have been either a temple for sun worshipers or a type of astronomical clock or calendar. Beijing ManA cave of ZhoukoudianBeijing Man Heritage SiteZhoukoudian-Home of Peking Man In December 1929, a Chinese pale anthropologist named Pei Wenzhong discovered a complete skull of “Peking man” on Dragon Bone hill northwest of Zhoukoudian, in the southwest suburbs of Beijing. later, archaeologists unearthed 40-odd individually fossilized skeletons of “Peking man”.Read the information in the table and check the part of the passage it appears in.The Potala PalaceTibet It is made up of 492 caves, which were deserted in the fourteenth century and lay untouched until the beginning of the twentieth century. It’s located at the rock side of the Mingsha Mountain in Gansu Province. It’s worth the name of art treasure house of the Chinese Nation.Terracotta Warriors and horsesIt was built in the 7th century. When Zhangpu King (Shuzhan Genpu) set up Tugen Kingdom in Tibet with Lhasa as its capital, the Emperor of China’s Tang Dynasty sent Princess Wencheng to marry Zhanpu King. Zhanpu King decided “to build a city to show the glory”, then started to build it on the Red Hill.Longmen Grottoes (2000)Mausoleum of the first Qin Emperor
and the Terracotta WarriorsMogao CavesCultural CornerKunqu OperaKunqu opera, was founded before the Ming Dynasty(1368-1644) in Kunshan, near Suzhou, UNESCO added Kunqu to its intangible heritage list in 2001.Kunqu Opera1. He was _________ his hard work in protecting the endangered animals in Tibet by the State Council.
2. Whether this city can develop fast or not is still a question which is _____________ transportation, energy and resources.
3. Tom was ___________ the pains of losing his wife and son in a car accident. honored forat the mercy ofgoing throughExercises4. His first book is just a memory that _______ over 50 years in the Second World War.
5. The famous actor, Pu Cunxin, has been selected as the _________________ to promote the protection of AIDS in China.
6. Cycling in this area is considered to be his own ________. spanssymbolic ambassadorpreserve7. This old bag always ________ him _____ his terrible life in early childhood.
8. Would you please ______ me _____ attend the seminar next week?
9. It is _______________ that you can defeat him in the first round and then you can save more energy for the final match.
10. I helped him out of the embarrassment and then he invited me to a huge dinner_________. reminds oftoremindof vital importancein return1.His teacher ____that he work in the foreign company.
A. asked B. recommended C. told D. made
2.The stone ______by the fierce wind looked like a sword on the top of the mountain.
A. sharpened B. cut C. taken D. struck
3.The headmaster _______that we go to the village on foot.
A. raised B. asked C. proposed D. enjoyed√√√Test yourself 4.Her mother requested that she ______the English course in the university.
A. took B. takes C. taking D. take
5.He did his homework in time ______his teacher would scold him.
A. so that B. for fear that C. on condition that D. so long as
6._____you have taken away the rubbish, I have nothing to do.
A. So long as B. Even if C. Now that D Because of√√√7.You’d better put the book back______I left.
A. where B. the place C. which D. in which
8.I should bring some money with me _____I need it.
A. although B. no matter C. even D. in case
9._______ he says, I’ll agree with him.
A. No matter B. It doesn’t matter C. No matter what D. Not matter√√√10.You can not miss the flight _______you remember the time.
A. as far as B. as well as C. as soon as D. as long as
11.I think that you’d better take your raincoat with you______it looks sunny.
A. as if B. even though C. in case D. however
12.No one knew for_______where the small girl came.
A. good B. certain C. course D. certainly√√√13.What do you want to do with the_______of the old house?
A. left B. leaves C. ruins D. remains
14.He did what he could ________his money to the poor.
A. contribute B. to contribute C. contributed D. contributing
15.In the________of the earthquake 628 people were killed.
A. damage B. catastrophe C. ruin D. break√√√Thank you
