北师大版（2019）选择性必修一课堂专训：Unit 3 Conservation Topic Talk & Lesson 1 The Sixth Extinction（含解析）

Unit 3 Conservation Topic Talk & Lesson 1 The Sixth Extinction——2022-2023学年高二英语北师大版（2019）选择性必修第一册同步课时训练
一、填空
1.It is considered _____(legal) to hunt wild protected animals in China.
2.Countless natural disasters are causing human beings _____(recognise) the significance of keeping the natural balance.
3.The doctors and nurses _____(achieve) temporary success against the epidemic up to today.
4.The little girl was _____(incredible) excited to see her birthday gift.
5.The society was set up to preserve _____(endanger) species from dying out.
6.Human activities are very likely to cause the next mass _____(extinct).
7.It is of great _____(urgent) to find out the main cause of the accident.
8.Around 540 million people ________________(affect) by second-hand smoke, which pauses 100,000 deaths per year.
9.We've been advised not to risk ________________(travel) in these conditions.
10.People should d__________________ the amount of fat they eat.
二、七选五
Urban Wildlife
Cities are diverse ecosystems. In addition to visitors from the wilderness, a large number of species share our urban areas. As our cities spread, we need to think about what it is like for other species to have human neighbours.
Cities are built for humans. ①______ For example, most city parks are kept neat and tidy so that humans will find them beautiful. But when we cut grass or plant flowers, we destroy natural habitats.
②______ When a bridge in Austin, Texas was repaired, engineers added small gaps running along the length of its bottom. This made a good home for bats, and soon the bridge was the home of thousands of bats.③______ Now, they have come to value their winged neighbours. The bats are a tourist attraction, and they eat lots of bugs every night.
There are also structures built with the aim of bringing wildlife into the city. The Beijing Olympic Forest Park is a good example. The park has used native plants and created open, natural spaces for wildlife. The result is a zone in Beijing with over 160 species of birds. In many ways, the park is the opposite of a zoo. ④______
If we learn to share our space, we can become better neighbours to the wildlife around us. ⑤______ Our own future will be in danger too.
A.They are built to protect birds.
B.Our actions sometimes help other species.
C.If we do not, more species will become extinct.
D.They do not always provide suitable habitats for wildlife.
E.Instead of being kept in cages, wildlife can move about freely.
F.At first, people were afraid of the bats and tried to get rid of them.
G.They would sit on it and their droppings would fall into the water.
三、阅读理解
Cao Zhawa has been planting trees for most of his life. He lives and works in the heart of Mu Us Desert, an area in the southwest part of Inner Mongolia.
In 1958, when he was just 16 years old, Cao started planting trees. Cao's trees now cover an area of more than 1. 3 million square metres. Cao's forest is worth an estimated 10 million yuan and can produce 100,000 kilograms of oxygen, enough to sustain a full-grown adult for nearly a year.
Mu Us Desert is one of the places in China most affected by erosion (侵蚀) and desertification. The amount of annual rainfall ranges from 150 to 300 millimetres, while evaporation(蒸发) between 2,000 and 3,000 millimetres. Cao recalls that his growing-up was troubled by sandstorms. This was one of the factors that motivated Cao to join and stay on the tree-planting programme.
Popularly known as the "Green Great Wall", the project, which is set for completion in 2050, would be a 4, 800-kilometre green belt of trees and shrubs (灌木) protecting the area from strong winds and preventing soil erosion. Since the start of the Three-North Shelter Forest Programme, millions of people have joined in and become a vital part of the plan.
However, the tree-planters face a host of challenges, with watering the most difficult among them. "When I was young, the level of groundwater was high," said Cao. "But with less rain, the trees are hard to plant and keep alive."
Planting trees has also become harder for Cao as he ages. However, he doesn't want to leave the forest in the care of his children, and he insists the land belongs to the government. "When I die, I just want to be buried under the trees," Cao said. "Then I will be with them forever."
1.By listing the figures in Paragraph 2, the author wants to _____________.
A.show Cao has had a hard life B.praise Cao for his contribution
C.tell us how much oxygen an adult needs D.make it clear that Cao has made a fortune
2.Why did Cao make up his mind to plant trees
A.Evaporation in his hometown was serious.
B.He had no other ways to earn a living.
C.He found it a pleasure to plant trees.
D.Sandstorms kept striking his hometown.
3.What does Cao Zhawa most care about
A.His health. B.His wealth.
C.The forest's ownership (所有权). D.His children's future.
4.What's the best title for the passage
A.An Elder in the Desert
B.A Life Devoted to Planting Trees
C.Mu Us Desert Requires Forest
D.Cao Zhawa—a Peasant with a Great Dream
答案以及解析
一、填空
1.答案：illegal
解析：句意为:在中国，猎杀野生保护动物是违法的。It在句中作形式主语，to hunt...为不定式结构作真正的主语。在 consider sth (to be) +adj./ n.结构中，用形容词或名词作宾补，补充说明宾语的状态或特点。根据语境可知此处应填形容词illegal。
2.答案：to recognise
解析：句意为:数不尽的自然灾害使得人类意识到保持自然平衡的重要性。cause sb to do sth为固定搭配，意为”促使某人做某事”。
3.答案：have achieved
解析：句意为：到今天为止，医生和护士已经取得了抗疫的暂时性胜利。根据句中时间标志词up to today可知，本句应使用现在完成时。
4.答案：incredibly
解析：句意为:看到自己的生日礼物时，这个小女孩极其激动。设空处修饰形容词excited,应用副词作状语，描述其激动的程度。
5.答案：endangered
解析：句意为:成立这个协会是为了保护濒危物种不致灭绝。设空处修饰其后面的名词species，应用形容词作定语，故填 endangered。
6.答案：extinction
解析：句意为:人类活动非常有可能引起下一次大规模的物种灭绝。设空处作cause的宾语，根据语境可知应填名词extinction。
7.答案：urgency
解析：句意为:查明事故的主要起因是十分紧迫的事情。”be of +抽象名词”为固定结构，常用来表明事物的特点或特征，含义相当于对应的形容词，即be of great urgent含义与be very urgent相同。
8.答案：are affected
9.答案：travelling
10.答案：decrease
二、七选五
答案：DBFEC
解析：①根据空前的 Cities are built for humans.与空后的 we destroy natural habitats 可知,城市往往不能为野生动物提供合适的栖息地。故选D。
②根据空后的 When a bridge in Austin, Texas was repaired, engineer added small gaps running along the length of its bottom. This made a good home for bats, and soon the bridge was the home of thousands of bats.可知,桥梁的修缮为蝙蝠提供了家园,这说明我们人类的行为有时也能帮助到其他物种。故选B。
③根据空后的 Now, they have come to value their winged neighbours.可知,此处填人的句子与空后句子存在对比。come to value 表示”逐渐开始珍惜”,这说明人们之前对蝙蝠是不同的感受。F项”起初,人们害怕这些蝙蝠,努力想要赶走它们”符合语境。故选F。
④根据上文 The park has used native plants and created open, natural spaces for wildlife.可知,这个公园使用了当地的植物,为野生动物创造了开放的自然空间。由此可推知,野生动物们在这里不用被关在笼子里,可以自由移动,E项符合语境。wildlife为关键词。故选E。
⑤根据空后的 Our own future will be in danger too. 可知,如果我们没有和野生动物分享我们的空间,动物们会面临灭绝的危险, C项符合语境。下文中的too为关键词。故选C。
三、阅读理解
答案：1-4.BDCB
解析：1.推理判断题。根据第二段的内容"In 1958, when he was just 16 years old, Cao started planting trees. Cao's trees now cover an area of more than 1.3 million square metres. Cao's forest is worth an estimated 10 million yuan and can produce 100,000 kilograms of oxygen, enough to sustain a full-grown adult for nearly a year. (1958 年,年仅 16 岁的曹开始植树,目前他的树木的覆盖面积已超过130万平方米,他的森林价值约1000万元,能产生10万公斤氧气,可维持一个成年人将近一年的生命。)"可推知,这些数据表明,曹扎娃在植树方面取得了很大的成就,作者列举这些数据是为了称赞曹扎娃。故选B。
2.细节理解题。根据第三段的内容"Mu UsDesert is one of the places in China most affected by erosion (侵蚀) and desertification ... This was one of the factors that motivated Cao to join and stay on the tree-planting programme.(毛乌素沙地是中国受侵蚀和荒漠化影响最严重的地方之一……这是促使他加人并继续植树计划的原因之一。)"可知,沙尘暴经常侵袭他的家乡,这让他决定要植树。故选D。
3.推理判断题。根据最后一段中的"However, he doesn't want to leave the forest in the care of his children, and he insists the land belongs to the government.(然而,他不想把森林留给他的孩子们,他坚持土地属于政府。)"可知,他最在意的是森林的归属权,他坚持森林属于政府,属于国家。 故选C。
4.主旨大意题。根据第一段的内容"Cao Zhawa has been planting trees for most of his life. He lives and works in the heart of Mu Us Desert, an area in the southwest part of Inner Mongolia.(曹扎娃大半辈子都在种树,他生活和工作在内蒙古西南部的毛乌素沙地的中心地带。)"可知,文章主要讲述了一位奉献一生来种树的老人的故事。B项"A Life Devoted to Planting Trees(献身植树造林的一生)"适合做本文标题。故选B。