(共49张PPT)
Section Ⅲ Car Culture
新课导学
自主探究
板块
语言点一单词集释板块
语言点二短语荟萃板块
语言点三句型解构板块
课
时
跟
踪
检
测
Unit 9 Wheels
Step
2
识记 .掌握
理解 .拓展
应用 .落实
识记 .掌握
理解 .拓展
应用 .落实
识记 .掌握
理解 .拓展
应用 . 落实
Step
1
Step
3
True (T) or False (F)．
(1)In Britain the number of cars in the last ten years has
increased very quickly. ( )
(2)The average global temperature 100 hundred years ago was
about 0.5 degree centigrade lower than it is today. ( )
(3)Many people refuse to use cars because they think cars are
bad for us. ( )
(4)Regular exercise can help avoid heart attack. ( )
T
T
F
T
(5)Sharing journeys with someone else by car is more
environmentally friendly and less expensive. ( )
(6)New car will make you more attractive. ( )
(7)You can always drive your new car on an empty country
road. ( )
(8)Human can do nothing about the noise, pollution and
danger of traffic. ( )
T
F
F
F
Read the text again and choose the best answers.
(1)The A10, the M11 and the M25 are ________.
A. roadworks B．roads C．traffic cones
(2)The reason for our being stressed out, tired and angry is
________
A．that we often hear those conversations
B．the real cost of the motor car
C．getting stuck in traffic jams
(3)We carry on using our cars so much because ________.
A．we are addicted to our cars
B．we know cars are bad for us
C．we want to make ourselves healthy
(4)Jenny Trowe advises me not to ________.
A. walk or cycle in a short journey
B．use my car as often as possible
C．travel in buses
(5)Which of the following best summaries the writer's
attitude to cars
A．He thinks cars have more advantages than
disadvantages.
B．He knows what he should do, but uses his car
because it is convenient.
C．He thinks it would be easy for all of us to use our
cars less.
答案：(1)B (2)C (3)A (4)B (5)B
Jenny Trowe's Advice on How to Solve Traffic Problems
A．根据所给词性和汉语意思写出下列单词
1． n． 公路
2． n. 人行道
3． n. 十字路口
4． adj. 身体的，物质的
5． n. 马达，发动机
6． n. 发动机，引擎
7． adv. 以某种方式
highway
crossroads
pavement
physical
motor
engine
somehow
8． pron. 无论哪个
9． n. 建造，建筑业→ v．构筑；
建造
10．addicted adj.沉溺于……的→ vt.使沉溺，使沉迷
B．根据英文释义和首字母提示写出下列单词
11． : to be right or good for sb./ sth.
whichever
suit
addict
construction
construct
12． : to live or work in a room, house or building
13． : a quantity of sth.
14． : a symbol rather than a word representing one
of the numbers between 0 and 9
15． : to agree, often unwillingly, that sth. is true
occupy
amount
figure
admit
1．amount n．数量
(一)背诵佳句培养语感
(鲜活例句)He owed me ￡50, but could only pay half that amount.
他欠我五十英镑，但只能还总数的一半。
(鲜活例句)English learning needs a large amount of memory work.
学习英语需要大量的记忆工作。
(二)归纳拓展全析考点
①A large amount of money was spent on the bridge.
＝ Large amounts of money were spent on the bridge.
(建)这座桥花了很多钱。
②Water exists on this planet.
这个星球上存在大量的水。
[点津] a large / good amount of和large / good amounts of都表示“许多的”，后面接不可数名词。该结构作主语时，谓语的数与amount的数保持一致，而与所修饰的名词的数无关。
in large amounts
形
象
记
忆
2．figure
(教材原句)Here are some figures.
这里有一些数据。
(1)n.数字，数目；身材；人物；图形
形象记忆
①My uncle has an income of seven figures a year.
我叔叔一年的收入有七位数。
②There is a group of figures on the left of the painting.
这幅画的左边是一组人像。
(2)vt.认为；估计；计算
③We figured the sensible thing to do was to wait.
我们认为，明智的做法是等待。
figure out 算出；弄懂；弄明白
figure on 料想；估计到(后跟动名词)
④He's trying a way to solve the problem.
他正在努力找出解决问题的方法。
⑤I hadn't getting home so late.
我没有预料到这么晚回家。
to figure out
figured on
3．admit
(1)vt.承认，供认
admit doing sth. 承认做了某事
admit that ... 承认……
①Rose admitted taking my dictionary by mistake.
罗斯承认错拿了我的词典。
②You may not like her, but you have to she is good at her work.
你可能不喜欢她，但你得承认她工作很出色。
admit that
was admitted to /into
4．addicted adj.沉溺于……的
(一)背诵佳句培养语感
(教材原句)I'm addicted to my car.
我沉溺于汽车难以自拔。
(鲜活例句)People who often smoke are likely to be addicted to nicotine.
经常抽烟的人很可能对尼古丁上瘾。
(二)归纳拓展全析考点
be / become addicted to ... 对……痴迷；沉溺于……
addict vt. 使沉溺；使上瘾
n. (吸毒)成瘾者；有瘾的人
addict oneself to ... 沉溺于……
①Zhang Mo, the son of Zhang Guoli, is addicted to drugs, and he can't give up.
张国立的儿子，张默沉溺于毒品而无法戒掉。
②The young man alcohol after the failure of his marriage.
自从婚姻失败后，那个年轻人沉溺于酒精难以自拔。
addicted himself to
addiction n． (毒)瘾
addictive adj. (药物)使人上瘾的
5．occupy vt.居住；占有；占据(时间、空间、某人的头脑等)；
使忙于(做某事)
(一)背诵佳句培养语感
(鲜活例句)How much memory does the program occupy
这个程序占用多少内存？
(鲜活例句)The Smiths occupy a large house in the town and live a happy life.
史密斯一家住在城里一所大房子里，过着幸福的生活。
(二)归纳拓展全析考点
occupy oneself in (doing) / with sth.
忙于(做)某事
be occupied with / in doing sth.(＝be busy with / in doing sth.) 从事某事，忙于做某事
①The workers occupied themselves in building new houses.
＝The workers were occupied in building new houses.
工人们正在忙着盖新房子。
②Only half of her time politics.
她只用自己一半的时间从事政治活动。
is occupied with
6．suit vt.适合
(一)背诵佳句培养语感
(教材原句)Do whichever of these things that suit you.
做任何适合你的事。
(鲜活例句)If you want to go by bus, that suits me fine.
如果你想乘公共汽车去那儿，那也适合我。
(鲜活例句)It suits me to start work at a later time.
对我来说，最好晚一点开始工作。
(二)归纳拓展全析考点
①A good teacher should suit his lessons to the age of his pupils.
一位优秀的老师应使他的课适合学生的年龄。
②I don't have anything suitable at the party.
我没有适合在聚会上穿的衣服。
to wear
(三)明辨易混失误防范
比较 suit, fit, match
suit 侧重“合乎条件、身份、口味、需要”等
fit 侧重“尺寸、大小合适”，因而引申为“吻合”
match 指大小、色调、形状、性质等方面的搭配
用suit, fit或match填空
③This dress doesn't me. Have you got another style
④This shirt doesn't me. Have you got a larger size
⑤I don't think your red skirt your green blouse.
suit
fit
matches
1．if 如果是这样
2．be /get stuck 困入；陷入
3．go 上升，上涨
4．be related 与……有关
5．be addicted 对……上瘾
6． average 通常，平均
7．sit 闲坐
8． excuses 找借口
in
up
to
to
around
so
on
make
1．go up上升，上涨，增长
(一)背诵佳句培养语感
(教材原句)In the last ten years, the number of cars on the roads in Britain has gone up by 30%.
在过去的十年中，英国公路上行驶的汽车数量增加了30%。
(鲜活例句)The price of oil has gone up by over 50 percent in less than a year.
油价在不到一年内就涨了超过50%.
(鲜活例句)Spending on research went up from $4 million to $4.5 million.
研究的经费从400万美元增加到了450万美元。
(二)归纳拓展全析考点
go over 仔细查看；复习
go against 反对；对……不利
go without 没有……也可应付
go with 相配
①He went over the plans again and discovered two mistakes.
他再次审查了计划，发现了两处错误。
②He my wishes when he did that.
他那样做违背了我的意愿。
2．on average (＝ on the / an average) 通常，平均
(一)背诵佳句培养语感
(鲜活例句)On average, men smoke more cigarettes than women.
平均看来，男子比女子吸烟多。
went against
(鲜活例句)On average, we receive 5 e mails each day.
我们平均每天收到五封电子邮件。
(二)归纳拓展全析考点
above / below (the) average 在平均水平之上/下
up to (the) average 接近一般水平
①Temperatures are above / below the average for the time of year.
温度高于/低于此时的年平均温度。
②Harry is in his lessons and Jim is about up to the average.
哈利的功课在中等以下，吉姆的功课刚到达一般水平。
below average
1．[句型展示] How often do we arrive at work or school
stressed out, tired and angry
有多少次我们在极度焦虑、疲惫、恼怒的状态下到达办公室或学校？
[典例背诵]
To our relief, the children returned home safe and sound at last.
令我们感到宽慰的是，孩子们最终安然无恙地回到了家里。
2．[句型展示] On average, about forty people travel in one
bus, while the same number occupy thirty three cars.
平均而言，大约40个人乘坐一辆公共汽车，而同样数量的人要占据33辆小轿车。
[典例背诵]
He likes coffee, while she likes tea.
他喜欢咖啡，而她却喜欢茶。
1．How often do we arrive at work or school stressed out, tired
and angry
有多少次我们在极度焦虑、疲惫、恼怒的状态下到达办公室或学校？
(1)stressed out，tired and angry 为形容词作状语，表伴随情况。
①He finally climbed up the mountain, tired but happy.
他最终爬到了山顶，很疲惫但很高兴。
(2)形容词作状语有以下几种情况：
②Afraid of being caught, the thief hid himself in the corner.
由于害怕被抓住，小偷藏在角落里。(表原因)
③Ripe, these apples are very sweet.
熟了时，这些苹果是很甜的。(表时间)
④The rabbit turned over, .
兔子翻了个身，死了。(表结果)
dead
⑤Helpless, we watched half a year's food destroyed before us.
我们毫无办法，眼睁睁地看着半年的粮食在我们面前被毁掉
了。(表动作发生的情况或方式)
2．On average，about forty people travel in one bus，while the
same number occupy thirty three cars.
平均而言，大约40个人乘坐一辆公共汽车，而同样数量的人要占据33辆小轿车。
while为并列连词，连接两个并列句，表示转折、对比，意为“而，却”；另外，while还可以用作从属连词，意为“只要；当……时候；尽管”。
①You like sports, while I'd rather read.
你喜欢体育，而我却喜欢读书。
②He took a bath while I was preparing dinner.
我准备晚餐的时候他在洗澡。
③While there's life there's hope.
只要活着就有希望。
④While I understand what you say, I can't agree with you.
虽然我理解你的意思，但我还是不同意。(共43张PPT)
Section Ⅳ Communication Workshop & Culture Corner
语言点一单词集释板块
语言点二短语荟萃板块
语言点三句型解构板块
课
时
跟
踪
检
测
Unit 9 Wheels
识记 .掌握
理解 .拓展
应用 .落实
识记 .掌握
理解 .拓展
应用 .落实
识记 .掌握
理解 .拓展
应用 . 落实
写作讲座
佳作观摩
技法指导
专题练习
A．词汇拓展
1． adj.时常发生的→ adv.时常，经常
→ n．频繁；频率
2． vt.发明，创造→ n．发明，创造
3． n．生产；产品→ vt.生产
4． adj.实践的，实际的→
v．实践，实习，练习
practical
frequency
frequent
invent
production
frequently
invention
produce
practise / practice
B．词义配对
5．plus a．a passage that has been dug under the
ground for cars, trains etc. to go through
6．damage b．a place where two lines, roads, tracks
etc.cross
7．fare c．the price you pay to travel by bus, train,
plane etc.
8．crossing d．to cause physical harm to something
or to part of someone's body
9．tunnel e．used when one number or amount is
added to another
答案：5.e 6.d 7.c 8.b 9.a
1．damage
(教材原句)A report last year also showed that air pollution from traffic is increasing and the old buildings in the town are getting destroyed and damaged.
去年的一份报告也显示，车辆造成的空气污染正在加剧，该镇的古建筑正在遭到破坏和损毁。
(1)vi.损害，损失
①Many buildings were damaged in Wenchuan earthquake,
causing great losses.
许多建筑物在汶川地震中损坏了，造成了很大的损失。
(2)n.损害，损失
do / cause damage to ... 对……造成损害
②The storm did / caused great damage the crops.
暴风雨对农作物造成了极大的损害。
to
比较 damage, destroy, ruin
damage 既可作动词也可作名词，指“损坏”，一般暗示损坏后价值或效益降低，这种损坏是部分性的，或可以修好的。也可指身体、声誉的损坏
destroy 意为“破坏，摧毁，消灭，毁灭”，强调以具有摧毁或杀伤性的力量把某物彻底毁掉。也可指抽象的事情，如希望、计划等被打破
ruin 多用于借喻之中，指把某物损坏到了不能再使用的程度，含有在一定过程中逐渐毁掉的意思
用damage, destroy或ruin填空
③Some bricks of the Great Wall are after being exposed to the weather for ages.
④His hope of being a writer was .
⑤The accident did a lot of to his car.
2．nowhere adv.无处，任何地方都不
(一)背诵佳句培养语感
(鲜活例句)There was nowhere to run，nowhere to hide.
没有地方逃跑，没有地方躲藏。
ruined
destroyed
damage
(二)归纳拓展全析考点
nowhere else 没有别的地方
nowhere near 远远没有，远不，远不及
get nowhere (使)无进展，(使)不成功
①She'd looked everywhere for her glasses, but they were nowhere to be found.
她四处找她的眼镜，但哪儿也找不到。
② in the world can a tourist find cheaper clothing than in Hong Kong.
旅行者再也不能从世界上别的地方找到比香港更便宜的
衣服了。
[点津] nowhere置于句首时，句子要用部分倒装。
3．frequent adj.时常发生的，频繁的
(教材原句)Trains are regular and also there is a frequent service at weekends and at holiday times.
Nowhere else
frequently adv. 频繁地；经常
frequency n. 频率，频繁
③Those who change mobile phones frequently will pay a heavy price for being fashionable.
那些频繁更换手机的人将为时髦付出昂贵代价。
4．fare n．票价，车费
(一)背诵佳句培养语感
(教材原句)The bus fares are also quite cheap.
公共汽车的票价也很便宜。
(鲜活例句)Air fares have shot up by 20% compared with last year.
同去年相比，飞机票价已猛涨了20%。
(鲜活例句)The advertisement says children under 4 travel half fare.
广告上说，4岁以下的儿童可半价旅行。
(二)明辨易混失误防范
比较 fare, fee, tuition
fare 指的是公共汽车、轮船、计程车等的票价
fee 指付给医生、律师、私人教师或其他脑力劳动者的酬金，也可指入场劵、会费、报名费、租书费等
tuition 一般指学费
用fare, fee或tuition填空
①It's wrong to travel by bus without paying your .
②The membership is $5 per term and you can apply in person.
③When I started college, was $500 a quarter.
fare
fee
tuition
1．close (工厂等)倒闭；停业
2． a suggestion 提一项建议
3．pass 经过；通过
4．more 不仅仅；多于
5． conclusion 最后，总之
6．look forward 盼望
7．base ... 以……为根据
make
in
down
on
through
on
than
1．close down(工厂等)倒闭，停业
(一)背诵佳句培养语感
(鲜活例句)The restaurant was forced to close down for a period.
该餐馆被迫停业了一段时间。
(鲜活例句)The steelworks was closed down last year because of pollution.
因为污染问题，这家钢铁厂去年停业了。
(二)归纳拓展全析考点
close off 隔绝，封锁
close up (商店)停业；(伤口)愈合；靠近
The entrance to the train station was closed off following the explosion.
爆炸发生后随即封锁了火车站的入口。
2．base ... on以……为根据，把……建立在……的基础上
(一)背诵佳句培养语感
(教材原句)Some of the car companies, like Cadillac, based their designs on airplanes.
有些汽车公司，如卡迪拉克，是以飞机为蓝本来设计他们的汽车的。
(鲜活例句)To make your theory more persuasive, you should base your theory on the facts.
为了使你的理论更有说服力，你应当把你的理论建立在事实的基础上。
(二)归纳拓展全析考点
be based on 建立在……的基础上
base ... in 把……作为……的据点/总部
base n. 根基，基础，基地，总部
①After Shock, directed by Feng Xiaogang, is based on a novel written by Zhang Ling.
由冯小刚执导的(电影)《唐山大地震》是根据一部由张翎创作的小说改编的。
②The headquarters of the IOC Lausanne, Switzland.
国际奥委会总部设在瑞士洛桑。
are based in
[句型展示] Before 1908，when Ford's cars became available to the public, it was only the very rich who could afford to own a car.
1908年福特汽车问世以前，只有非常有钱的人才能买得起汽车。
[典例背诵]
It was Zhu Zhiwen that I met in the street yesterday.
昨天我在街上见到的是朱之文。
Before 1908, when Ford's cars became available to the public, it was only the very rich who could afford to own a car.
1908年福特汽车问世以前，只有非常有钱的人才能买得起汽车。
句中画线部分为强调句型，常用来强调句子中的主语、宾语或状语等部分。
(1)强调结构：It is / was＋所强调的句子成分＋that / who ...如
果强调的是人，则既可用that，也可用who引导。
①It was the old man who / that I met in the park.
我在公园里遇到的就是这位老人。
(2)强调结构的一般疑问句形式是：It / Was it ... that / who ...？
强调句的特殊疑问句形式是：When / Where / Who / ... is /
was it that ...
②Is it Mr. Li that / who teaches you English
是李老师教你们英语的吗？
③Where was it that you first met him
你是在什么地方与他第一次见面的？
(3)对not ... until结构中由until引导的短语或从句进行强调时，须用It is / was not until ... that ...这一固定句型。that从句中谓语动词用肯定形式。
④ the game had begun that he arrived.
直到比赛开始他才来。
[助记]
口诀巧记强调句型
强调结构并不难，that总是在中间。
除了谓语不强调，主宾表状都在编；
not until必考题，否定强调把你难。
It was not until
假设你是校报的记者李明，五一黄金周期间作了一次市场调查。基于调查后所列的图表和文字记录，写一篇报道投给校英语报，简要描述我国私人轿车的增长情况以及可能会带来的影响，并提出解决措施。
出行方便快捷；有助于汽车工业的发展；污染空气；交通事故增多
注意：词数120左右。开头已给出。
To: The School Newspaper
From: Li Ming
Date: 01.05.04
Subject: Development
of private cars
In recent years the
number of private cars
has been increasing rapidly in our
country.______________________________________
_________________________________________________
To: The School Newspaper
From: Li Ming
Date: 01.05.04
Subject: Development of private cars
In recent years the number of private cars has been increasing rapidly in our country.①In 1990, there were about one million private cars. ②As time went on, the number of private cars went up to 5 million in 1999, and there were more than 10 million private cars in 2009.
③On one hand, it is very convenient to go to any place if we have a car. ④Besides, the increase of the number of private cars can help car industry to develop faster.
⑤However, more cars may cause traffic accidents and more air pollution. ⑥What's more, waste gases from cars can do great harm to our health.
⑦It's high time that people should pay enough attention to these problems and the government should take strict measures to deal with the related matters.
第一段总体描述，提出问题。
第二段简述了私家车发展带来的优点。
第三段则对比分析了其带来的相关问题。
最后一段得出结论，提出建议。
②句中的时间状语从句as time went on用得很地道。
③句中的on one hand、④句中的besides、⑤句中的however和⑥句中的what's more起到了很好的过渡作用，使行文流畅，层次清楚。
⑦句中的高级句式It's high time that ...用得恰到好处。
报告属于应用文的一种，一般由标题(接收人、报告人、时间、主题)和正文(概述、主体、结尾)两部分组成。
写报告时，可分为以下几个步骤：
1．填写好标题，准确的写出接收人、报告人，写报告的
时间及报告的主题；
2．简要概述写报告的目的或简单描述所报告的对象的基
本情况；
3．分别列举正反两方面的观点，可适当使用连词以使行
文连贯，此部分为报告的主要部分，应多倾注些笔墨；
4．提出自己的建议，结束全文。
[黄金表达]
1．The aim of this report is to ...
2．On the one hand, there are some / several good things /
advantages about ...
3．On the other hand, there are several problems /
disadvantages about ...
4．On the other hand, some things are not so good.
5．On the other hand, I find these things disappointing.
6．However, there are many things which could be improved.
7．In conclusion ... need to do something to ...(共64张PPT)
Section I Warm-up ＆ On Your Bike
新课导学
自主探究
板块
语言点一单词集释板块
语言点二短语荟萃板块
语言点三句型解构板块
语法
讲座
课
时
跟
踪
检
测
Unit 9 Wheels
Step
2
Step
3
Step
4
识记 .掌握
理解 .拓展
应用 .落实
识记 .掌握
理解 .拓展
应用 .落实
识记 .掌握
理解 .拓展
应用 . 落实
知识必备
专题练习
Step
1
Do you know who invented the automobile (汽车)？Many people think Henry Ford invented the automobile (汽车), is it true And what is Henry Ford's dream according to the passage
Please read the following passage to get the answer.
Many people believe Henry Ford invented the automobile (汽车). But Henry Ford did not start to build his first car until 1896. That was eleven years after two Germans developed the world's first automobile. Many people believe Henry Ford invented the production line that moved a car's parts to the worker, instead of making the worker move to the parts. That is not true, either. Many factory owners used methods of this kind before Ford. What Henry Ford did was to use other people's ideas and make them better. And he made the whole factory a moving production line.
In the early days of the automobile, almost every car maker raced his cars. It was the best way of gaining public notice. Henry Ford decided to build a racing car. Ford's most famous race was his first one. It was also the last race in which he drove the car himself.
The race was in 1901, at a field near Detroit. All of the most famous cars had entered, but only two were left: the Winton and Ford's. The Winton was famous for its speed. Most people thought the race was over before it began.
The Winton took an early lead. But halfway through the race, it began to lose power. Ford started to gain. And near the end of the race, he took the lead. Ford won the race and defeated the Winton. His name appeared in newspapers and he became well known all over the United States. Within weeks of the race, Henry Ford formed a new automobile company. In the 1903, a doctor in Detroit bought the first car from the company. That sale was the beginning of Henry Ford's dream.
Ford said: “I will build a motor car for the great mass of people. It will be large enough for the family, but small enough for one person to operate and care for. It will be built of the best materials. It will be built by the best men to be employed. And it will be built with the simplest plans that modern engineering can produce. It will be so low in price that no man making good money will be unable to own one.”
The Model T was a car of that kind. It only cost $850. It was a simple machine that drivers could depend on. Doctors bought the Model T. So did farmers. Even criminals.They considered it the fastest and surest form of transportation. Americans loved the Model T. They wrote stories and songs about it. Thousands of Model Ts were built in the first few years.
Look at the following pictures and discuss which means of transportation do you like best with your partner why
参考答案：
I like bicycles best because it has the following advantages. First，it can reduce pollution and protect the environment Second，it is more convenient when you are stuck in the traffic jam. Third, it can build our body and save money.
True (T) or False (F)．
(1)Using a computer chip is to stop bikes from being stolen.( )
(2)Now in Amsterdam all the bicycles are painted white. ( )
(3)In Amsterdam riding a bicycle is very convenient. You can
find a bicycle anywhere. ( )
(4)Over 40 years people have been enjoying the benefits of
cycling in Amsterdam. ( )
(5)In Amsterdam no car is allowed in the city centre and only
bicycles are. ( )
T
F
F
F
F
Read the text again and choose the best answers.
(1)Which is TRUE according to the text
A．The bikes are all painted white.
B．The project doesn't succeed in the end.
C．Anyone with a special card can use the bike.
D．There are some people who watch over the bikes.
(2)Why is Amsterdam called the “City of Bicycles”？
A．There are plenty of places for bicycle parking.
B．The land in Amsterdam is flat.
C．It is convenient to ride a bike.
D．Most streets in the city centre have a bicycle path.
(3)Who suggested the idea of cycling
A．Some of the cycling fans.
B．The people who don't have money to buy a car.
C．The government.
D．The common people.
(4)Why didn't the project succeed for the first time
A．It couldn't be carried out at first because many people
were against it.
B．The thieves took all the bicycles within weeks.
C．They didn't have money to buy enough bikes.
D．The people who suggested the idea changed their
minds because they were afraid that someone would
steal the bikes.
答案：(1)C (2)D (3)A (4)B
A．词汇拓展
1． adv.实际地，真实地→ adj.真实的，实际的
2． vi.&n.得益；好处→ adj.有益的，有利的
3． adj.方便的，便利的→ n．方便，
便利
4． adj.有希望的→ adv.充满希望地→
n．&v.希望，期望
actually
actual
benefit
beneficial
hope
convenience
convenient
hopeful
hopefully
5． n．后果，结果→ adj.作为结果的
→ adv.因此，所以
6． vi.争辩，争吵→ n．争论，论点，论据
7． vi.骑自行车→ n．骑自行车的人
B．根据英文释义和首字母提示写出下列单词
8． : take someone to a police station because the police
think he has done something illegal
consequence
consequent
argue
consequently
cycle
argument
cyclist
arrest
9． : someone who steals something
10． : to put something inside or into something else
11． : as a result of something that has just been
mentioned
12． : a boat that carries people, vehicles and goods
across a river or across a narrow part of the sea
13． : a person walking in the street and not
travelling in a vehicle
thief
therefore
ferry
pedestrian
insert
1．benefit
(教材原句)People have been enjoying the benefits of
cycling in Amsterdam for years.
多年来，人们一直享受着在阿姆斯特丹骑自行车的益处。
(1)n.利益，好处
be of benefit to ... 对……有益处
for the benefit of ... 为了……的利益
①The new credit cards will be of great benefit to our
customers.
这种新信用卡将对我们消费者有很大的益处。
②They try to make inventions for people's benefit /
people.
他们努力为人们的福利进行发明创造。
(2)vt.& vi.有益于，对……有好处；得益
③They are working together to benefit the company.
他们在为整个公司的利益共同努力。
for the
benefit of
benefit from / by ... 得益于……
beneficial adj. 有益的
be beneficial to ... 对……有益
④Fresh air is beneficial to our health.
新鲜空气有益于健康。
⑤I have benefited a lot from my father's advice.
我从父亲的建议中受益良多。
2．convenient adj.方便的，便利的
(一)背诵佳句培养语感
(教材原句)It is a good city for cycling because it is flat and
therefore is convenient for bikes.
它是骑自行车的好地方，因为那里道路平坦，因此骑自
行车很方便。
(鲜活例句)A bicycle is often more convenient than a car in
towns.
在城镇骑自行车常常比开车方便。
(二)归纳拓展全析考点
It is / was convenient (for sb). to do sth.
(某人)做某事很方便
...be convenient for / to sb.
对某人来说……是方便的
①It is not convenient for me to ring him up.
我现在不便于给他打电话。
②Come to see me whenever it is convenient .
你什么时候方便就什么时候来看我。
to you
[点津] convenient作表语时其主语一般是“物”或是形式主语it，而不是“人”。
convenience n． 方便；便利
at sb's convenience 在某人方便的时候
for sb.'s convenience (＝ for the convenience of sb.)
为了某人方便
③Can you telephone me at your convenience to arrange a meeting
你能不能在你方便的时候给我来个电话，安排见一次面？
3．hopeful adj.有希望的
(一)背诵佳句培养语感
(教材原句)They were hopeful that this would help to save energy，reduce pollution and provide free public transport.
他们希望这样能够帮助节约能源，减轻污染，并且(给大家)提供免费的公共交通工具。
(鲜活例句)I feel hopeful that we'll find a suitable house very soon.
我对很快找到合适的房子抱有希望。
(二)归纳拓展全析考点
be hopeful of / about sth. 对某事抱有希望
be hopeful of doing sth. 有希望做某事
be hopeful that ... 对……抱有希望
①We are all hopeful about the future and we have enough confidence.
我们对前途充满希望并且有足够的信心。
②The police finding more clues to the murder.
警方有望找到更多有关这宗谋杀案的线索。
are hopeful of
hopefully adv. 有希望地
hopeless adj. 无希望的
hope n. & v. 希望
4．consequence n．后果，结果(常用复数)
(一)背诵佳句培养语感
(鲜活例句)Climate change could have disastrous consequences for humans.
气候变化可能给人类带来灾难性的后果。
(二)归纳拓展全析考点
as a consequence ＝ in consequence 结果，因此
as a consequence of ＝ in consequence of
由于……的缘故
①It rained yesterday and in consequence the match was canceled.
昨天下雨了，结果比赛被取消了。
②She worked hard at her lessons and
got high marks.
她努力学习功课，因而得了很高的分数。
as a consequence
5．arrest vt.逮捕，拘留
(一)背诵佳句培养语感
(教材原句)Why was he arrested
他为什么被捕？
(鲜活例句)He was arrested for dangerous driving.
他因危险驾驶而被拘留。
(二)归纳拓展全析考点
arrest sb. for sth. 由于某事逮捕某人
arrest n. 逮捕；拘留
be under arrest 被拘留
①The arrest of the judge is reported on the front page.
法官被捕的报道被刊登在了头版。
②He and awaiting trial.
他被拘留候审。
6．argue
(1)vi.争辩，争吵
is under arrest
argue with sb.about / over sth. 与某人辩论某事
argue for 为……而争论；为……而辩护
argue against 争辩(反对……)
①I'm not going to argue about the plan with you.
我不想与你争辩这个计划。
②I do not want you my idea.
我不希望你反对我的想法。
(2)vt.坚决主张，论证；说服，劝说
to argue against
argue sb.into / out of doing sth. 说服某人做/不做某事
argue that ... 主张……；坚持认为……；
为证明……而提出理由
argument n. 争论，争辩
③We argue her out of going on such a dangerous journey.
我们说服她不要去作这样危险的旅行。
④He she shouldn't go.
他争论说她不应该去。
argued that
1．fed 不愉快的，厌烦的
2．plenty 许多，大量
3． the 1960s 在20世纪60年代
4．work 锻炼身体，做运动
5．thanks 多亏了，幸亏
up
in
out
to
of
1．fed up不愉快的，厌烦的
(一)背诵佳句培养语感
(教材原句)You look fed up!
你看起来不高兴！
(鲜活例句)Mother will be fed up if you don't telephone.
如果你不打电话，妈妈会不高兴的。
[点津] fed up为形容词短语，常位于系动词之后，在句中作表语。
(二)归纳拓展全析考点
be / get fed up with (＝ be / get tired of)
对……感到厌烦
①We're fed up with listening to his story.
他的故事我们已经听腻了。
②Some people modern city life, and moved to the countryside.
有一些人厌倦了现代化的城市生活而搬到农村去住。
were fed up with
2.work out锻炼身体，做运动；设计，制订；解出，算出；结
果；发展
①The famous actor keeps fit by working out for an hour
every morning.
那个著名的男演员每天早上锻炼一个小时以保持健康。
观察下列各句，写出work out在句中的含义。
②She worked out the problem with no difficulty.
解出
③The research centre worked out a new plan and decided to carry it out immediately.
④To his satisfaction, everything is working out well.
制订
发展
work at 从事，致力于，钻研
work on 继续工作；影响
⑤Scientists are still working on inventing methods of reaching outer space.
科学家们仍致力于发明到达外层空间的方法。
[句型展示] Wherever someone finished a journey they would leave the bike there for someone else to use.
不管人们在哪里结束旅程，他们都将把自行车放在那里以便别人使用。
[典例背诵]
Wherever Jay Chou goes, there are crowds of fans waiting to see him.
无论周杰伦走到哪里，总有许多“粉丝”等着见他。
Wherever someone finished a journey they would leave the bike there for someone else to use.
不管人们在哪里结束旅程，他们都将把自行车放在那里以便其他人使用。
本句中wherever引导了一个让步状语从句。wherever作连词，表示“无论在何处；无论在哪里；无论什么情况下”，既可引导让步状语从句，也可引导名词性从句。
(1)引导让步状语从句
①May happiness follow wherever you go!
愿快乐永远跟随着您！
②English is useful .
无论你去哪里，英语都很有用。
(2)可引导名词性从句
③Wherever he goes has nothing to do with me.
无论他去哪里都与我无关。
④I will go wherever you go.
你去哪里，我就去哪里。
wherever you go
比较 wherever, no matter where
wherever 可以引导让步状语从句，这时等于 no matter where；也可以引导名词性从句，如主语从句、宾语从句或表语从句
no matter
where 只能引导让步状语从句
用wherever或no matter where填空
⑤ you study, try your best.
⑥He doesn't care about his son goes.
[点津] no matter＋疑问词(where / when / how / what / who / which)只能引导让步状语从句，此时相当于疑问词＋ ever；疑问词(where / when / how / what / who / which)＋ ever既可引导让步状语从句，也可引导名词性从句。
Wherever/No matter where
wherever
一、现在完成进行时的构成
现在完成进行时由“have / has been＋现在分词”构成，
主语是第三人称单数时用has，其他人称用have。疑问
句和否定句形式根据助动词have / has而变化。
[考题印证1]
(2012·安徽高考)In order to find the missing child, villagers ________ all they can over the past five hours.
A．did B．do
C．had done D．have been doing
解析：考查动词时态。句意：为了找到那个丢失的孩子，在过去的五个小时里，村民们做了他们所能做的一切事情。根据句中的“can”及时间状语“over the past five hours”可知，此处应用现在完成进行时，故选D。
答案：D
二、现在完成进行时的主要用法
1．表示动作从过去某一时间开始一直延续到现在或离现在不
远的时间，这个动作可能刚刚停止，也可能还在进行。
这种时态多用持续性动词。如 learn，lie，stay，sit，wait，stand，rest，study 等，常和this week，this month, all night, all the morning, recently 等状语以及 since 和 for 所引导的时间状语或从句连用。
My sister has been learning English since 1995.
自从1995年以来，我姐姐一直在学英语。
I have been reading this book for two hours, but I haven't finished it.
这本书我已读了两小时了，但我还没读完。
[考题印证2]
(2011·北京高考)Tom______in the library every night over the last three months.
A．works B．worked
C．has been working D．had been working
解析：考查时态。 由句中的时间状语“over the last three months” 可知应用现在完成进行时。
答案：C
2．表示重复动作
有时现在完成进行时所表示的动作并不是一直在不停地进行，而是在断断续续地重复。
You've been saying you can succeed for five years.
五年来你一直在说你能成功。
I have been visiting some cities of China this month.
这个月我一直在访问中国的几个城市。
[考题印证3]
(2010·江苏高考)—Why, Jack, you look so tired!
—Well, I ________ the house and I must finish the work tomorrow.
A．was painting B．will be painting
C．have painted D．have been painting
解析：考查时态。答话人叙述的是现在的事实，再结合答语中的时间状语可知答话人从过去到现在一直在粉刷房子，而且还要持续下去，所以用现在完成进行时。
答案：D
3．用于得出结论
Your clothes are covered with dust. You have been cleaning the classroom, I think.
你的衣服满是灰尘，我想你刚才在打扫教室吧。
You look thin and tired.You have been working too hard.
你看起来又瘦又累，你近来工作一定很辛苦。
4．表示感彩
现在完成进行时有时带有强烈的表扬或厌恶等感彩。
She's been saying that twenty times.
这话她已经说了二十遍了。
三、不能用现在完成进行时的情况
1．某些不能用于进行时的动词同样也不能用于现在完成进行
时，只能用现在完成时。如see, hear, know, have, like, be等。
他已经感冒两个星期了。
(×)He has been having a cold for two weeks.
(√)He has had a cold for two weeks.
2．不具有延续意义的动词。如finish, come, go, marry等不能
用于现在完成进行时。(共62张PPT)
Section Ⅱ On the Move & Clean Machines
语言点一单词集释板块
语言点二短语荟萃板块
语言点三句型解构板块
语法
讲座
课
时
跟
踪
检
测
Unit 9 Wheels
识记 .掌握
理解 .拓展
应用 .落实
识记 .掌握
理解 .拓展
应用 .落实
识记 .掌握
理解 .拓展
应用 . 落实
知识必备
专题练习
A．词汇拓展
1． adj.敏感的；能理解的→ n．意义；感官
→ adj.意识到的；明智的
2． adj.和善的，温和的→ adv.温柔地，温和地
→ n．温和；文雅
3． adj.残忍的，凶猛的→ adv.猛烈地，厉害地
4． n．译员，口译者→ v．翻译
sensitive
sense
interpret
sensible
gentle
gently
gentleness
fiercely
fierce
interpreter
5． adj.愚蠢的→ adv.愚蠢地→ n．
傻瓜v.愚弄
6． n．负责，责任，职责→ adj.负责
任的，有责任的→ adv.负责任地，可信赖地
7． n．女主人→ n．主人
8． adj.可靠的→ v．依赖，依靠
9． v．给……深刻的印象；使铭记→ n．
印象，感觉
10． n．操作人员，接线员→ v．操作；运转
11． vt.欣赏，鉴赏→ n．欣赏，感激
foolish
host
foolishly
fool
responsibly
responsibility
reliable
impression
rely
responsible
appreciation
hostess
impress
appreciate
operator
operate
B．词义配对
12．accent a．all the words that a person knows or
uses
13．platform b．bags，cases，etc.that contain sb.'s
clothes and things when they are
travelling
14．baggage c．a plan that lists all the work that you
have to do and when you must do each
thing
15．vocabulary d．a way of pronouncing the words of a
language that shows which country or
area a person comes from
16．schedule e．the raised flat area beside the track at
a train station where you get on or off
the train
答案：12～16 debac
1．sensitive adj.能理解的，敏感的；容易生气的；易受伤
害的
(一)背诵佳句培养语感
(鲜活例句)She is always sensitive and caring.
她总是善解人意，有爱心。
(鲜活例句)Do not laugh at him; he is very sensitive.
千万别笑他，他很敏感。
(二)归纳拓展全析考点
be sensitive to ... 对……体贴的
be sensitive about / to ... 对……敏感的
①She is very sensitive to other people's feelings.
她很能体谅他人的感情。
②Some students especially making mistakes.
有些学生对出错很在意。
are
sensitive about
sense n． 感官；感觉
sensible adj. 可感觉到的，识别力强的；明智的
2．likely adj.可能的；有希望的
(一)背诵佳句培养语感
(鲜活例句)She is the most likely girl to win the prize.
她是最有希望得奖的女孩。
(二)归纳拓展全析考点
be likely to do sth. 很有可能做某事
It is likely that ... 很可能……
①John is likely to go to the beach tomorrow.
约翰明天可能去海滩。
② the weather will be fine.
天气可能好转。
It is likely that
(三)明辨易混失误防范
比较 likely, possible, probable
likely 强调“表面上看起来有可能”，与 probable 意思相近，有时可以互换
possible 指由于有适当的条件和方法，某事可能发生或做到，强调客观上有可能，但常含有实际希望很小的意思。可作宾语补足语，常用句型：It is possible that ...; It is possible for sb. to do ...
probable 语气比 possible 强，指有根据的、合情理的、值得相信的事物，含有“大概；很可能”的意思。常用句型：It is probable that ...
形
象
记
忆
用likely, passible或probable填空
③We'll do everything to help you.
④It's highly that they will win the match.
⑤I think I'm to get the job.
3．schedule
(教材原句)And Hao Qi has Mary's schedule.
并且郝奇有玛丽的日程表。
possible
probable
likely
(1)n.时间表，进度表；日程安排
ahead of schedule 提前
behind schedule 晚于预定时间
on schedule 准时，按时间表
①The new bridge has been finished two months ahead of schedule.
新桥提前两个月完工。
②The boss demanded that the work (should) be finished
.
老板要求工作要按时完成。
on schedule
(2)vt. 安排，预定
be scheduled for ... 预定……
be scheduled to do ... 预定做……
③It's said that the meeting is scheduled for Friday afternoon.
据说会议定于周五下午举行。
④President Obama is scheduled a speech tomorrow.
总统奥巴马定于明日发表演说。
to make
4．responsibility n．负责，责任，职责
(一)背诵佳句培养语感
(鲜活例句)Kelly's promotion means more money and more responsibility.
凯利的提升意味着钱多了，责任也更大了。
(二)归纳拓展全析考点
a sense of responsibility 责任感
take / bear (the) responsibility for ... 对……负有责任
It's one's responsibility to do sth.
做某事是某人的职责
①Would someone take responsibility for bringing Paul home
有人负责带保罗回家吗？
②It's my responsibility to take good care of my parents and child.
照顾好父母和孩子是我的责任。
responsible adj. 负责的；负有责任的，应承担
责任的
be responsible for ... 对……负责
③Parents must their children's behaviour.
父母必须为他们孩子的行为负责。
be responsible for
5．content
(1)n.内容；目录；容纳的东西；含量
①He tipped the contents of the bag onto the table.
他把提包里的东西倒在桌子上。
②I like the style of this book but I don't like the content.
我喜欢这本书的文笔，但不喜欢它的内容。
形
象
记
忆
(2)adj.满足的，满意的
be content with ... 满足于……
be content to do sth. 满足于做某事
③He got a new job at a hotel and he it.
他在一家旅馆得到一份新工作并且对它很满意。
④He was content nearly all his time lying in bed now.
他现在整天躺在床上，对此他很满意。
was content with
to spend
6．impression n．印象，感觉
(一)背诵佳句培养语感
(教材原句)I want people to have a good impression of solar cars.
我想让人们对太阳能汽车有个好印象。
(鲜活例句)First impression is often misleading.
第一印象常常会误导人。
(鲜活例句)I had a very good impression of the Shanghai World Expo.
我对上海世博会印象极好。
(二)归纳拓展全析考点
(1)make / leave a good / bad / lasting impression on sb.
给某人留下好的/坏的/永久的印象
have / get a good / bad impression of sb. / sth.
对某人/某事物的印象好/不好
be under the impression that ... 以为……，误认为……
(2)impress vt. 给……留下深刻印象
impress sth.on / upon sb. 使某人明白(重要性或严重性等)
impress sb.with ... 给某人留下……印象
be impressed with / by sth. 对……印象深刻
①Punishment seemed to make no impression on the child.
惩罚对这孩子似乎没什么效果。
②I'm sorry and I was you were the manager.
对不起，我还以为你是经理呢。
③Everyone was deeply impressed by Wen Jiabao's speech.
温家宝的演讲给大家留下了深刻的印象。
under the impression that
7．appreciate vt.感谢，感激；欣赏，鉴赏
(一)背诵佳句培养语感
(教材原句)She'll appreciate it.
她会对此表示感激的。
(鲜活例句)We appreciate your efforts for the development of company.
我们非常感谢你为公司的发展所做的努力。
(鲜活例句)He knows how to appreciate poetry.
他知道如何欣赏诗歌。
(二)归纳拓展全析考点
appreciate sb. / sb.'s doing sth. 感激某人做某事
I would appreciate it if ... 如果……我将不胜感激
appreciation n. 欣赏，感激
①Catherine don't appreciate being treated like a difficult student.
凯瑟林不愿被当作问题生。
②I'd you paid in cash.
如果你支付现金的话，我将不胜感激。
[点津] 英语中表示爱憎的动词，如like, hate, appreciate, enjoy等其后面接if或其他疑问词引导的从句时，一般要在这些动词后加it。
appreciate it if
1．rely 依赖，依靠
2．check 登记，报到
3．pull (车辆)停止，停车
4．pull (火车)驶离车站，出站
5．complain 抱怨
6． far 迄今为止
7．take 发生
on
up
out
about
in
so
place
1．rely on依赖，依靠，取决于；信任，依赖
(一)背诵佳句培养语感
(鲜活例句)Nowadays we rely increasingly on computers for help.
如今，我们越来越依赖计算机的帮助。
(二)归纳拓展全析考点
rely on sb.doing / to do sth. 指望某人做某事
rely on sb. / sth.for sth. 依靠……，(为生活
或生存)依赖……
rely on it that ... 依靠/指望/信赖……
①Can we rely on him to help us
我们能指望他来帮助我们吗？
②They have to rely on the river for their water.
他们用水只能依靠这条河。
③You may he will come to meet you.
你放心好了，他会来接你的。
rely on it that
2．check in登记，报到
(一)背诵佳句培养语感
(教材原句)I have already checked in my luggage.
我已经办理了行李登记手续。
(鲜活例句)Passengers should check in for Flight BA125 to Berlin.
去柏林的英航125航班旅客请办理登机手续。
(二)归纳拓展全析考点
check out 调查，查证；办理手续(结账)离开；
(从图书馆等)借出
check up 检查，核对
①Departing guests are asked to check out by noon.
离开旅馆的宾客须在中午前办理结账手续。
②I'm sure he knew I was on him.
我确信他知道我在暗中调查他。
checking up
3．pull up(车辆)停止，停车
(一)背诵佳句培养语感
(鲜活例句)He didn't pull his car up at a red light.
他看见红灯没有停车。
(二)归纳拓展全析考点
pull in (列车)到达，进站；(船、车)靠向一边
pull out (火车)驶离车站，出站
pull on 穿上(衣服、袜子等)
pull through 渡过难关，摆脱危难；完成，做成
①The train pulled in and pulled out exactly on time.
火车正点进站和出站。
②She her boots and then left the house.
她穿上靴子，然后离家走了。
③I can put up a good means to him to .
我可以向他建议一个好办法以使他渡过难关。
pulled on
pull him through
4．so far迄今为止
(一)背诵佳句培养语感
(教材原句)I've designed five or six different cars so far.
到目前为止，我已经设计了五、六款不同的汽车。
(鲜活例句)It's a shame that I have not been abroad so far.
真遗憾，我至今还没有出过国。
(鲜活例句)So far, the economic crisis has been spreading in European countries.
迄今为止，经济危机还在一些欧洲国家蔓延。
[点津] so far在句中用作时间状语，表示从过去某时到“现在”(即说话时)的一段时间，相当于until now，因此常与现在完成时连用。它在句中的位置较为灵活，既可位于句首，也可位于句末。
(二)明辨易混失误防范
比较 so far, by far
so far 副词词组，意为“到目前为止；迄今”，所在句子常用现在完成时
by far 介词词组，一般作表示程度的状语，常用来修饰比较级或最高级，是“非常；……得多”的意思
用so far或by far填空
①He is the best student in our class.
②I have read three English novels .
5．take place产生；发生；进行，举行
(教材原句)Where do these races take place
这些汽车赛是在哪儿举行的？
by far
so far
①Great changes have taken place in our hometown since 1992.
自1992年以来我们的家乡发生了巨大变化。
②As is known to us all, the 31st Olympic Games will take place in Brazil.
众所周知，第31届奥运会将在巴西举行。
③The interview is well planned and it is on time.
采访计划周密，会按时进行的。
[点津] take place是不及物动词，无被动式；常指经过安排的事情。
to take place
1．[句型展示] He was going through passport control
when he realised he didn't have his passport.
他正在通过护照检查处，这时他意识到自己没带护照。
[典例背诵]
I was watching TV when the doorbell rang.
我正在看电视，这时门铃响了。
2．[句型展示] People have been worried about pollution
caused by fuels like petrol and gas for a long time now.
人们一直为汽油、煤气等燃料造成的污染担忧。
[典例背诵]
They reduced the number of animals used in experiments.
他们减少了用于实验的动物数量。
1．He was going through passport control when he realised
he didn't have his passport.
他正在通过护照检查处，这时他意识到自己没带护照。句中when用作并列连词，意为“突然，正在那时”，相当于and just at this / that time，常用句型有：
(1)be doing ... when ... 某人正在做……这时……
(2)be about to do ... when ... 某人刚要做……这时……
(3)be on the point of doing ... when ...
某人刚要做……这时……
(4)had just done ... when ... 某人刚做完……这时……
①He was going to sleep when the light went out.
他正准备睡觉突然灯灭了。
②Frank when it began to rain.
弗兰克正要离开，这时天开始下雨了。
③I had just finished my homework when Jack came in.
我刚完成作业，这时杰克来了。
was about to leave
2．People have been worried about pollution caused by fuels
like petrol and gas for a long time now.
人们一直为汽油、煤气等燃料造成的污染担忧。
(1)“caused by fuels like petrol and gas”是过去分词短语，在
句中作后置定语修饰“pollution”，相当于“which is caused by fuels like petrol and gas”。
①The book written by him is very popular.
他写的那本书很受欢迎。
②The bridge is under repair.
30年前建的那座桥正在维修中。
built 30 years ago
(2)过去分词作宾语与其所修饰词之间为动宾关系，强调被动
和完成。如果与所修饰词之间为主动关系，表示未发生用
动词不定式，表示正在发生用动词 ing形式。
③The Browns have a comfortable house to live in.
布朗一家有一栋舒适的房子可以住。
④The house belonging to my uncle is located on the seashore.
我叔叔的房子坐落在海边。
⑤The question now involves pollution.
现在正在讨论的问题涉及污染。
being discussed
一、现在完成时和现在完成进行时的基本用法
现在完成时由“have / has＋过去分词”构成，表示过去
所发生的动作或事情对现在造成的影响或结果；现在完
成进行时由“have / has been＋现在分词”构成，表示
某一动作在过去某一时间发生，一直延续到现在，有可
能到此为止，也有可能继续下去。现在完成进行时是兼
有现在完成时和现在进行时两者基本特点的时态。由于它有现在完成时的特点，它可以表示某一动作对现在产生的结果或影响；又由于它有现在进行时的特点，所以它也表示某一动作的延续性、现时性、重复性、生动性乃至感彩。
二、现在完成时和现在完成进行时的区别
1．相同点：
(1)现在完成时和现在完成进行时都可以表示从过去某一时刻
开始一直延续到现在的动作。
I have worked in this school since 2010.
I have been working in this school since 2010.
自从2010年以来，我一直在这所学校工作。
(2)现在完成时和现在完成进行时都可以表示一段时间内延
续的动作。
Mr Smith has lived here for 20 years.
Mr Smith has been living here for 20 years.
史密斯先生已经在这里住了20年了。
[点津] 以上句子用现在完成时与现在完成进行时，含
义上没有什么差别，两种时态可以互换。但两种时态也
存有用法上的差别。
2．不同点：
(1)从定义上来看，现在完成时(have done)表示的是已经完
成的动作或者状态，常常与already“已经”或ever“曾
经”连用。
We have already learnt Unit 2.
我们已经学习了第二单元。
She is the most beautiful girl I have ever seen.
她是我见过的最漂亮的女孩。
(2)而现在完成进行时则表示的是从过去某一时刻开始一直
延续到现在，并且还要进行下去的动作，具有未完成的
特点；一般不与already或ever等连用。
We have been learning Unit 2.
我们一直在学习第二单元。(没学完)
注意以下两组句子含义上的区别：
I have read the novel.(已看完)
I have been reading the novel.(一直在看，还没有看完)
Who has eaten my dinner？(全吃光了)
Who has been eating my dinner？(还有一些剩下)
[考题印证1]
(2010·辽宁高考)Joseph ________ to evening classes since last month, but he still can't say “What's your name？”in Russian.
A．has been going B．went
C．goes D．has gone
解析：考查动词的时态。句意：从上个月开始，Joseph一直在上夜校学俄语，但是他仍没有学会用俄语说“你叫什么名
字？”。根据句意，表示自从过去到现在一直发生的事情且有可能持续下去，应用现在完成进行时，故选A项。
答案：A
(3)相对于现在完成时表示一次性动作，现在完成进行时可以
表示动作的重复。
I have met him at the library.
我已在图书馆见过他。
I have been meeting him at the library.
我经常在图书馆看见他。
(4)现在完成时和现在完成进行时都可以表示刚刚结束的动作，
但在含义上有区别。现在完成时强调的是动作的结果，而
现在完成进行时强调的则是动作的过程。
You look so tired; what have you been doing
你看起来很累，做什么了？(强调动作)
We've cleaned the house; you may come in now.
我们打扫过房子了，你现在可以进来了。
(强调结果“房子干净”)
[考题印证2]
(2012·全国卷Ⅱ)The manager________ the workers how to improve the program since 9 am.
A．has told B．is telling
C．has been telling D．will have told
解析：考查时态。句意：经理自从上午9点起一直在告诉工人们如何改进项目。根据句末的时间状语since 9 am及句意可知，此处强调的是动作的持续进行，所以此处用现在完成进行时，表示“一直不断地告诫……”。
答案：C
