初中英语直接引语和间接引语

课件24张PPT。I am the king of the whole world.What does the lion say?Direct speech & Reported speech ChuShui Experimental School Wang Guizhong Direct Speech and Reported Speech引语的概念直接引述别人的原话，叫 ____________;直接引语 用自己的话把别人的话陈述出来，叫 _________。间接引语直接引语通常都用____________括起来， 引号“ ” 间接引语在多数情况下都构成一个陈述语序的宾语从句。Direct Speech Reported SpeechShe said, “I like singing. ”
She said, “I am waiting for a bus.”
She said, “I visited Europe last year.”
She said, “I have never met an American.”
She said, “I will see you next week.” She said she liked singing.She said she was waiting for a bus. She said she had visited Europe the year before.She said she had never met an American. She said she would see me the next week. 一、引导词 1、直接引语是陈述句,变为间接引语时用连词that引导宾语从句.
2、直接引语是一般疑问句,变为间接引语时,用连词 if 或 whether 连接。（当间接引语中含有or not 时，用whether)
。
3、直接引语是特殊疑问句,变为间接引语时,仍用原来的疑问词作连词来引导
4、直接引语是祈使句，变成间接引语，把动词原形变成动词不定式，并在动词不定前加tell, ask, order , advise等动词。
　　注意：否定句，在动词不定式前加not或never.二、人称的变化一
随
主二随宾第三
人称
不更新
引号内的第一人
称变间引后与主
句主语的人称保
持一致引号内的第二人
称变间引后与主
句宾语的人称保
持一致引号内的第三人
称在变间引后人
称不变She said,“ I like
Tennis.”She said that she
liked tennis.He said to Lily,
“ you must get
up early.”He told Lily that
she must get up
early.She said to me ,
“ They want to
help him.”She told me that
they wanted to
help him.一随主，二随宾，第三人称不更新直接引语 间接引语一般现在时 一般过去时 现在进行时 过去进行时一般过去时 过去完成时现在完成时 过去完成时一般将来时 过去将来时The teacher said,“The sun is bigger than the earth.”The teacher said that the sun is bigger than the earth.注: 直引若是客观真理,变为间引时,时态不变.时态变化三、 直接引语 间接引语指示代词 时 间 状 语 地点状语 方向性动词 this, that, these those now, then, today that day this week that week yesterday the day before last week the week before four days ago four days before the day before yesterday two days before tomorrow thenext/following daynext month the next/following month here there come, go,bring take 情态动词 can, may, must could,might,had to 四、词的变化Direct SpeechReported SpeechShe asked, “Have you seen the film?”She asked me whetherif I had seen the film.He asked, “Are you a doctor, John?”He asked John ifwhether he was a doctor. She asked us, “Where are you going to get off?”She asked us where we were going to get off.He asked them, “Who gave you a talk yesterday?”He asked them who had given them a talk the day before.He asked John whether he was a doctort or not.Direct SpeechReported Speech“Never do that again,” the teacher said．The policeman ordered us to be quiet.The policeman ordered:“Be quiet.”The teacher told the boy to open the window The teacher said to the boy ,”Open the window .”The teacher told me not /never to do that again．“Wait a moment．” she said to them.She asked them to wait a moment .解题步骤:1.陈述句“I don’t like computers,” Sandy said to her friends.Sandy said to her friendsthat saiddidn’tsheSandy said to her friends that she didn’t like computers.2.一般疑问句:
Is it easy to work out the problem?
( They asked him )They asked himifIt is easy to work out the problem.it is easy to work out the problem.askediswasThey asked him if it was easy to work out the problem.3.特殊疑问句：
When do you harvest the wheat ?
( They asked him )They asked himwhenyou harvest the wheatyou harvest the wheat.heharvestedThey asked him when he harvested the wheat.4.祈使句
Little boy, put on your coat.
(They ordered )They ordered Little boy Little boy, put on your coat. put on your coat.to put They ordered the little boy to put on his coat.his 注意事项1) 引导词
2) 人称
3) 时态
4) 语序—陈述语序
5） 词语变化—指示代词、时间地点
6） 大小写
7） 标点符号
8) 祈使句要使用动词不定式来引述Exercises :
1). Betty says to Harry," I want to borrow your book.” 2).My teacher said , “she is a good student.”Betty says to Harry (that) she wants to
borrow his Book. My teacher said that she was a good student.
3) She asked me,” Do you agree with me?”4) Anne asked her mother, “Is there any
delicious food to eat?”She asked me if I agreed with her.Anne asked her mother if there was any
delicious food to eat.5) “ What are you going to do?” he asked. 6）“How do you go to school every day?” asked Mr. Zhang.He asked me what I was going to do.Mr. Zhang asked how I went to school
everyday.7). Mom said,“ Don‘t chat with strangers．”8). “ Go shopping with me, please?” said Mr. Wang .Mom told me not to chat with strangers.Mr. Wang asked me to go shopping with
him.综合与提高If与whether1、if 与wether都有是否之意。在有些情况下可互换。如：
I don’t know if/whether he’ll come tomrrow.
2、只能用whether不用if的情况。
（1）、与or not 连用时
I’m not sure whether or not he will come.
（2）、在介词后
We are thinking of whether we should go to see him.
(3)、在 to do 之前。
I haven’t decided whether to talk about it.
(4)、Discuss引导的宾语从句We discussed whether we had a meeting next week.(5)、引导主语从句和表语从句。Whether it is right or not is not important.The problem is whether she can finish the work on time.（6）、宾语从句提前时只能用whetherWhether the news is true or not important.3、只能用if 不用whether的情况（1）引导条件状语从句表示如果
We will go to the zoo if it doesn’t rain tomorrow.
（2）引导状语从句even if （即使）或as if (好像)
We’ll send for you even if you don’t come.
He talks as if he has known all about it.Thank you!