定语从句复习

课件53张PPT。
初 中 英 语 语 法
定语从句
定语从句 　 定语从句在句中做定语，修饰一个名词或代词，被修饰的名词词组或代词即先行词。定语从句通常出现在先行词之后，由关系词（关系代词或关系副词）引出。
关系代词有：who, whom, whose, that, which, as等。
关系副词有：when, where, why等。限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句：My sister, who is twenty, works in
a bank.The man who came here yesterday has
come again.限制性定语从句是先行词在意义上不可缺少的定语，
如果去掉，主句的意思就不完整或失去意义。这种从
句和主句关系十分密切， 写时不用逗号分开。非限制性定语从句和主句关系不很密切，只是对先
行词作些附加说明， 如果去掉，主句的意思仍然清楚。
这种从句， 写时往往逗号分开。Join the two sentences into one, using who, that or which.
The girl is Jim’s sister. We saw her yesterday.
Let’s ask the man. He is reading the book over there.
They planted the trees. The trees didn’t need much water.
The girl (that) we saw yesterday is Jim’s sister.Let’s ask the man that/who is reading the book over there.They planted the trees which didn’t need much water.
Join the two sentences into one, using who, that or which.
The fish was not fresh. We bought the fish yesterday.
The foreigner is from Canada. He visited our school yesterday.
The boy is called Michael. He broke the window. The fish (which) we bought yesterday were not fresh.The foreigner who visited our school yesterday is from Canada.The boy who broke the window is called Michael.关系代词用法人／物 主／宾 主／宾 主／宾 宾 定 人 人人／物 物 关系副词的用法时间时间状语地点地点状语原因原因状语 关系代词引导的定语从句
　　关系代词所代替的先行词是人或物的名词或代词，并在句中充当主语、宾语、定语等成分。关系代词在定语从句中作主语时，从句谓语动词的人称和数要和先行词保持一致。1）who, whom, that
　 这些词代替的先行词是人的名词或代词，在从句中作主语和宾语。例如：
　 Is he the man who/that wants to see you? 他就是你想见的人吗？（who/that在从句中作主语）
2） whose 用来指人或物，（只用作定语, 若指物，它还可以同of which/of whom互换)例如
　 They rushed over to help the man whose car had broken down.　那人车坏了，大家都跑过去帮忙。
　 Please pass me the book whose （of which the） cover is green.　请递给我那本绿皮的书。3）which, that所代替的先行词是事物的名词或代词，在从句中可作主语、宾语等。例如：　　　The package （which / that）you are carrying is about to come unwrapped. 你拿的包快散了。（which / that在句中作宾语） 关系副词可代替的先行词是时间、地点或理由的名词，在从句中作状语。
1）关系副词when, where, why的含义相当于“介词+ which”结构，因此常常和“介词+ which”结构交替使用。例如：
　 The parents will never forget the day when ( on which ) their child was born.
　 Beijing is the place where（in which） I was born.　北京是我的出生地。
Is this the reason why （for which） he refused our offer? 1.Practice1.The man ______________is talking to me is a friend of my father’s.
2.The school __________________is famous here has a long history.
3.I live in the house _________ windows face south.
4.He is such a person________we like very much.
that;whothat/whichwhose/of which theas5.I will never forget the day __________ we were in the country.
6. This is the park _________ you took photos last Sunday.
7. That was the reason________ he looked old.
when/on whichwhere/in which why/for which判断关系代词与关系副词方法一、 用关系代词，还是关系副词完全取决于从句中的谓语动词。及物动词后面无宾语，就必须要求用关系代词；而不及物动词则要求用关系副词。
方法二 、关系词的选择依据在从句中所做的成分，先行词在从句中做主、定、宾语时，选择关系代词（who, whom, that, which, whose）； 先行词在从句中做状语时，应选择关系副词 （ where 地点状语，when 时间状语，why 原因状语） 。 1、This is the mountain village I lived in my childhood.
2、 This is the mountain village I visited last year.
3、 I'll never forget the days I worked together with you.
4、I'll never forget the days I spent with you.
5、I can't belive the reason he was late for school.
6、I can't belive the reason he told me.where which/thatwhenwhich/thatwhy which/that判断改错：
This is the mountain village where I visited last year.This is the mountain village （which） I visited last year .I will never forget the days when I spent in the countryside I'll never forget the days （which） I spent in the countryside 通常使用that不用which的场合:1先行词被最高级 、序数词修饰时；
2先行词有all,much,some,few,little,none, no ，every,the only, the very, the last,等修饰时；
3先行词是不定代词all, anything,anybody, everything, something, nothing 时；
4 先行词既有人, 又有物；
5 由who和which提问的句子；
6 主句是There be 结构时.Conclusion 1:通常使用which, 不用that的场合：1 介词提到关系代词前时，如 for
which , on which, in which, of which 等；
2 引导非限制性定语从句；
3 一个句中有两个定语从句，一个用that，另一个用which 。
He bought a book that could give him much knowledge and which could help him to kill the time.1. All ________ we have to do is to practice every day.
先行词是不定代词all, few, little, much, something, nothing, anything等。that2.Conclusion2. The first lesson _______ I learned will never be forgotten.
先行词被序数词或形容词的最高级修饰。that3. I have read all the books ________ you gave me.
先行词被the only, the very, the same, the last, just, all, any, every, few, little, no, some 等修饰。
that4. They talked of things and persons __________ they remembered in the school. 先行词既有人又有物时。that5.Who is the boy ________ was here just now?当主语是以who开头的特殊疑问句时， 定语从句须用that，以免与先行词重复。thata boy has a scar forehead Harry Porter is a boy who/that has a scar on his forehead.Taizhou a city develop fast Taizhou is a city which /that develops
fast.Taizhou be hit typhoon nameTaizhou was hit by the typhoon, whose name was Keanu.=the name of whichOct. 1, 1949 the day foundOct.1,1949 is the day when/ on which the PRC was founded.Beijing the city 2008Beijing is the city where /in which
the 2008 Olympic Games was
held.The reason was destroyed
is that hurricane hitThe reason why New Orleans was destroyed is that the hurricane hit it.New Orleans Katrina1.They came to a farm house,
in front of ___sat a small boy.
A.which 　　　B.that
C.what 　　　D.where 3.Practice2.In the dark street,there
wasn't a single person___
I could turn for help.
A.whom B.that
C.to whom D.by whom3.I'll never forget the days___
we spent together.
A.on which B.in which
C.that D.when4.______is reported in the newspaper, talks between the two countries are making progress.
A. It B. As
C. That D. What
5.This is the mountain village
______ we visited the other day.
A.which B.in which
C.where D.who6.Is this store ___ sells all kinds
of fresh flowers?
A.where B.which
C.in which D.the one that7.He has done ____ he can to
help me.
A.all that B.all what
C.which D.all which 8.The man ___ is our new teacher.
A.whom you spoke
B.whom you spoke to
C.with who you spoke
D.you spoke with whom9.On the bus I saw a student __
I thought was your brother.
A.whom B.who
C.that D.he10.Can you tell me the name of the factory ___ you visited last week?
A.what B.where
C./ D.when11.I can still remember the sitting-room___my mother and I used to sit in the evening.
A.what B.which
C.that D.where12.I shall never forget those years
___ I lived in the country with
the farmers ,____has a great
effect on my life.
A.that,which B.when,which
C.which,that D.when,who13. Miss Chen is the only one of the few teachers ___________ us wonderful English lessons in our school.
A. who give
B. who gives
C. whom give
D.whom gives
Grammar 1
1. The bus which/that often takes the children to school, is owned by the company.
2. The man is Mr Fisher, who works in the bank.
3. The woman who/whom you saw in my office yesterday is a scientist.
4. The lady who is getting off the bus is Helen Jones.
5. The painting which/that was destroyed in the fire was a Turner.
6.The policeman who/that directs the traffic here is Mr Wang’ son.
定语从句与同位语从句的区别1.The news that our team lost the game disappointed all of us.
2.The news that you told me yesterday is so disappointing.
定语从句与强调句式的区别1.It was at the school gate _________I met Tom yesterday .
2. It was the gate _____________I met Tom yesterday.thatwhere5.I will never forget the day __________we were in the country.
6. This is the park _________you took photos last Sunday.
7. That was the reason________he looked old.
whenwhere why2. The experiment is very important , _______ indeed it is.
_________ is known to all, he is the best student in our class.
说明整个句子，可位于句中或句首。
句式：As is said above, as is known to all, as is reported …..asAs比较1. I like the factory _________ I visited last week.
I like the house __________ I lived many years ago.
2. I can remember the day __________I spent in Shanghai last year.
I can remember the day ____________ I became a Party member.
3. I know the reason _________ Tom told me a moment ago.
I know the reason__________he was late .
which;thatwherewhich;thatwhenwhich;thatwhy定语从句与地点状语从句的区别1.You should make it a rule to leave things___________you can find them again.
2.This is the room ______________we lived three years ago.
where where/in which2. The room in ___________ there is a machine is a workshop.
which在从句中作主语或谓语动词或介词的宾语。which1.They are hollow ,__________makes them very light.
They’ve invited me to the party,________is very kind of them.whichwhich在非限制性定语从句中,或修饰整个主句或从句的某部分.As的用法1. I like the same book _________you have.
I want to have such a dictionary _____ he has.
as 用作关系代词和关系副词引导定语从句，构成, the same …as…, such…as…, so…as…等结构。asasThank you !GOOD BYE !