2023年中考英语复习句子成分课件(共47张PPT)

(共47张PPT)
句子成分
Dannie
cock
dog
cat
horse
mouse
bear
rabbit
fox
让我们先复习一下词性吧
把下面的单词按照词性分分类
I run sofa in them quickly book map and easy
the chicken come under go because interesting same
you big ten carefully free but first sell am on a
happy is look daughter our five me do
write make twenty so draw an without
词性
什么是句子成分？
句子成分的定义
★构成句子的各个部分叫做句子成分。
★句子成分有主要成分和次要成分；
★主要成分有主语和谓语；
★次要成分有表语、宾语、定语、状语、宾语补足语。
主语
谓语
宾语
状语
定语
补语
表语
句子的成分
什么是句子成分？
例句分析：I met my best friend Tom at school yesterday.
↓
主语
↓
谓
语
↓
定语
↓
宾
语
↓
同位语
↓
状
语
拓展延伸【同位语】：
一个名词(或其它形式)对另一个名词或代词进行修饰,限定或说明,
这个名词(或其它形式)就是同位语.同位语与被它限定的词的格要一致,并常常紧挨在一起.
动作的发出者，执行动作的主体。
主语 subject
主语一般位于____________。
句首
句子成分
I have a dream.
我有一个梦想。
Walls have ears.
隔墙有耳。
Seven is my lucky number.
七是我的幸运数字。
名词
代词
数词
充当主语的成分
Swimming can make you healthy.
游泳有益于健康。
动名词
Talking is easier than doing.
说起来容易做起来难。
充当主语的成分
充当主语的成分
不定式
To clean the window is your duty.
擦窗户是你的任务。
To stay up too late is bad for you.
熬夜对你身体不好。
It is your duty to clean the window.
It is bad for you to stay up too late.
it 形式主语
充当主语的成分
主语
名词
代词
动名词
不定式
数词
从句
It 形式主语
充当主语的成分
充当主语的成分
谓语的定义
谓语 predicate
谓语一般位于主语____________。
之后
表达主语的动作、状态。
句子成分
谓语的定义
I have a best friend. Her name is Jenny. We always look after each other. But she doesn’t like talking too much. She can keep quiet for a whole day.
谓语有人称和数的变化，也可以表达时态和语态。
单个实义动词
系动词
动词短语
助动词+动词原型
情态动词+动词原型
句子成分
宾语的定义
宾语是动作的承受者。
宾语 object
一般位于谓语动词（尤指及物动词）______。
之后
句子成分
类型
直接宾语：被动作直接作用， He gave me a bag.
间接宾语： 被动词间接影响， He gave me a bag.
介词宾语： 被介词引导的宾语， I am waiting for you.
句子成分
充当宾语的成分
I like Beijing roast duck.
我喜欢北京烤鸭。
Love me , love my dog.
爱屋及乌。
I want to leave.
我想离开。
I don’t know what to do next.
我不知道接下来做什么。
1
2
3
4
…………..
…………..
…………..
…………..
代词/名词
名词性短语
不定式
疑问词+不定式
充当宾语的成分
充当宾语的成分
We believe that success comes from hard work.
我们相信成功来自勤奋。
I like teaching English.
我喜欢教英语。
I find it difficult to get along with her.
我发现她这个人不好相处。
5
6
7
…………..
…………..
…………..
动名词
从句
it 作形式
宾语
充当宾语的成分
宾语
名词
代词
动名词
不定式
疑问词+不定式
从句
名词性短语
充当宾语的成分
充当宾语的成分
表语的定义
表述主语的情况。
表语 predicative
表语一般位于系动词___________。
之后
句子成分
系动词的分类
I am a teacher.
He is a student.
We are excited.
be 动词
am
is
are
句子成分
系动词的分类
系动词的分类
The wool feels soft.
这种羊毛摸上去很柔软。
“Stink Tofu” smells awful, but tastes good.
臭豆腐闻上去臭，但是吃起来香。
感官动词
feel
smell
taste
sound look
句子成分
系动词的分类
系动词的分类
keep/ stay healthy
保持健康
remain silent
保持沉默
表延续（保持类动词）
keep
stay
remain
句子成分
系动词的分类
系动词的分类
If it turns cold, cover the pot plants.
如果天气变凉，就把盆栽盖起来。
表变化
Food goes bad quickly when it is hot.
天气一热，食物就很快变质。
get grow become
turn go
句子成分
系动词的分类
充当表语的成分
The creaking of the door sounds loud at night.
晚上，门的嘎吱声听起来很响。
He became a doctor after he left high school.
高中毕业他当上了医生。
The rubber tires are over there.
橡胶轮胎在那边。
…………..
名词
形容词
…………..
…………..
副词
充当表语的成分
充当表语的成分
All I could do is to wait.
我们能做的只有等待。
…………..
代词
不定式
…………..
Open the door. It’s me.
开门，是我。
充当表语的成分
表语
形容词
副词
名词
不定式
介词短语
代词
从句
充当表语的成分
充当表语的成分
句子成分
修饰或限制名词或代词的词、词组或从句
定语 attribute
充当表语的成分
His father is reading a story book.
He is a clever boy.
There are 57students in our class.
…………..
形容词
名词
…………..
…………..
数词
充当定语的成分
充当表语的成分
He has a good eating habit.
Do you know Mike’s sister
There is a sleeping baby in bed.
…………..
名词所有格
动名词
…………..
…………..
现在分词
充当定语的成分
如果定语是由一个单词表示时，通常要前置。而由一个词组或一个句子表示时，通常则后置
The girl in red is his sister.
We have a lot of work to do.
The girl standing under the tree is his daughter.
Do you know the man who shopped just now
定语后置
定语
形容词
数词
名词
名词
所有格
动名词
现在分词
后置定语
充当表语的成分
充当定语的成分
句子成分
用来修饰动词, 形容词, 副词 或 整个句子的成分
状语 adverbial modifier
充当表语的成分
I am playing football on the playground.
Last Sunday, I watched the film.
He was late because he got up late.
…………..
时间状语
地点状语
…………..
…………..
原因状语
充当状语的成分
充当表语的成分
You will be healthy if you eat an apple a day.
He often went to school by bus.
This book is very interesting
…………..
方式状语
条件状语
…………..
…………..
程度副词
充当状语的成分
状语
时间
状语
原因状语
方式状语
地点
状语
条件状语
程度副词
充当表语的成分
充当状语的成分
句子成分
这里，我们以宾语补足语（ objective complement ）学习为主
补语 complement
补充说明宾语的动作、状态、特征的成分，称为宾语补足语
充当表语的成分
I saw her playing the piano in the morning.
I found the book interesting.
He made the boy cry.
…………..
形容词
现在分词
…………..
…………..
动词
充当宾语补足语的成分
宾语
补足语
形容词
现在分词
动词
……
充当表语的成分
充当宾语补足语的成分
(一）指出下列句中主语的中心词
① The teacher with two of his students is walking into the classroom.
② There is an old man coming here.
③ The useful dictionary was given by my mother last year.
④ To do today's homework without the teacher's help is very difficult.
(二). 选出句中谓语的中心词
① I don't like the picture on the wall.
A. don't B. like C. picture D. wall
② The days get longer and longer when summer comes.
A. get B. longer C. days D. summer
③ Do you usually go to school by bus
A. Do B. usually C. go D. bus
④ There will be a meeting at the library this afternoon.
A. will be B. meeting C. the library D. afternoon
⑤ Did the twins have porridge for their breakfast
A. Did B. twins C. have D. breakfast
(三) 挑出下列句中的表语
① The old man was feeling very tired.
② Why is he worried about Jim
③ The leaves have turned yellow.
④ Soon They all became interested in the subject.
⑤ She was the first to learn about it.
(四-1) 挑出下列句中的宾语
① My brother hasn't done his homework.
② People all over the world speak English.
③ You must pay good attention to your pronunciation.
④ How many new words did you learn last class
⑤ Some of the students in the school want to go swimming, how about you

(四-2) 划出句中的直接宾语和间接宾语
① Please tell us a story.
② My father bought a new bike for me last week.
③ Mr. Li is going to teach us history next term.
④ Here is a pen. Give it to Tom.
⑤ Did he leave any message for me
(五) 挑出下列句中的宾语补足语
① She likes the children to read newspapers and books in the reading-room.
② He asked her to take the boy out of school.
③ She found it difficult to do the work.
④ They call me Lily sometimes.
⑤ I saw Mr. Wang get on the bus.
⑥ Did you see Li Ming playing football on the playground just now
(六) 挑出下列句中的定语
① They use Mr., Mrs. with the family name.
② What is your given name
③ On the third lap are Class 1 and Class 3.
④ I am afraid some people forgot to sweep the floor.
⑤ The man downstairs was trying to sleep.
(七) 挑出下列句中的状语
① There was a big smile on her face.
② Every night he heard the noise upstairs.
③ He began to learn English when he was eleven.
④ The man on the motorbike was travelling too fast.
⑤ With the medicine box under her arm, Miss Li hurried off.