2023届高考英语复习：定语从句与十种易混句式的区别课件（43张PPT)

(共43张PPT)
定语从句与十种易混句型的区别
Andy
高考英语语法考点精讲
考点1、区分定语从句与主语从句
考点2、区分定语从句与宾语从句
考点3、区分定语从句与表语从句
考点4、区分定语从句与同位语从句
考点5、区分定语从句与状语从句
考点6、区分定语从句与简单句
考点7、区分定语从句与并列句
考点8、区分定语从句与强调句
考点9、区分定语从句与非谓语动词
考点9、区分定语从句与其他习惯句型
与定语从句相似的十种句型考点归纳如下：
考点1、定语从句与主语从句
考点说明：as引导的非限定性定语从句常放在句首，主从句用逗号隔开，常译为“正如，像--”；it is vted that--句式中it为形式主语代替主语从句that sb do；what sb do/what is vted is that句式中what sb do/what is vted为主语从句，is后的部分为表语或表语从句.
考点1、定语从句与主语从句
语法填空：
① ________is well known to us, all the earth circles the sun.
② ________is well known to us all that the earth circles the sun.
③________is well known to us all is that the earth circles the sun.
As
考点1、定语从句与主语从句
It
What
考点2、区别定语从句与宾语从句
考点说明：在do all/everything/something that sb can do 句式中that sb can do为定语从句修饰不定代词，故用that引导定语从句；而在do what sb can do句式中do后面是what引导的宾语从句. 两种句式都译为“尽最大努力做--”；在the way that sb do句式中that从句为定语从句，译为“--的方式”，the way that sb do=how，how引导宾语从句，不可引导定语从句.
考点2、区别定语从句与宾语从句
语法填空：
①We must do everything________we can to help those in trouble.
②We must do________we can to help those in trouble.
that
考点2、区别定语从句与宾语从句
what
语法填空：
③I don't know the way________he solved the problem.
④I don't know________he solved the problem.
that
考点2、区别定语从句与宾语从句
how
考点3、区别定语从句与表语从句
考点说明：“表语从句和定语从句的区别在于:范围不同、先行词作用不同、成分也不相同,以及结构也不相同. 表语从句就是用一个句子作表语,表语的作用:说明主语是什么.可以由名词、形容词或相当于名词或形容词的词或短语充当表语的成分,常放在连系动词后,常由that/what/who/when/where等词引导；定语从句,一个简单句跟在一名词或代词后(先行词)进行修饰,在主句中充当定语成分.它通常只能放在被修饰的词(即先行词)之后.”
考点3、区别定语从句与表语从句
语法填空：
① China is no longer________she used to be.
②China is not the country________it used to be.
that
考点3、区别定语从句与表语从句
what
考点4、区别定语从句与同位语从句
考点说明：定语从句与同位语从句的区别是定语从句用于修饰人、物品等，whether和how不可以引导定语从句；而同位语从句用于说明抽象意义的名词的含义，whether和how可以引导同位语从句；另外，同位语从句所修饰的名词不担任从句句子成分，还原不进从句中，而定从所修饰的名词或代词担任从句的主语或宾语可还原到从句中去.
考点4、区别定语从句与同位语从句
语法填空：
① I am glad at the news_______he told me.
② I am glad at the news_______his son won first prize.
that
考点4、区别定语从句与同位语从句
that
考点5、区别定语从句与状语从句
考点说明：
一、when/where/why引导的状语从句在主句中充当时间，地点与原因状语，表示主句动作发生的时间地点或原因；而when/where/ why引导的定语从句时，引导词前是相应的时间/地点/reason等名词，when/where/why可以由“介词+which”代替，修饰该名词.
考点5、区别定语从句与状语从句
考点说明：
二、在such--that引导结果状语从句，译为“如此---以至于---”而such--as 引导的是定语从句，译为“---的人或物”；答题思路是当such后的名词能够还原到从句中时，选as为定语从句，还原不到从句中为选that为结果状从.
考点5、区别定语从句与状语从句
语法填空：
①He is such a fast runner ______I can't catch up with him.
② He is such a fast runner ______I can't catch up with.
that
考点5、区别定语从句与状语从句
as
语法填空：
③A new school will be built_______there used to be a theater.
④A new school will be built in the place_____________there used to be a theater.
where
考点5、区别定语从句与状语从句
where
（=in which）
语法填空：
⑤He was educated in a local school______he went to university in Beijing.
⑥He was educated in a local school, after______ he went to university in Beijing.
where
考点5、区别定语从句与状语从句
which
考点6、区分定语从句与简单句
考点说明：含定语从句的复合句与两个单句的主要区别为：前者是复合句，主从句间需用关系词连接，有时可用逗号隔开，前后两句为从属关系；而后者是两个独立的句子，不需任何关系词连接，而是要么用句号，要么用分号隔开，结构上为两个独立的句子. 可见，标点符号是区分这类句子的切入点.
考点6、区分定语从句与简单句
语法填空：
①He tried to use a new way to solve this problem，________ didn't work.
②He tried to use a new way to solve this problem. ________ didn't help.
which
考点6、区分定语从句与简单句
It
考点7、区分定语从句与并列句
考点说明：
由两个或两个以上的简单句用并列连词连在一起构成的句子是并列句，它的结构是“简单句+并列连词+简单句”,并列连词有：and,but,or,so等.并列句中的各简单句子相互之间没有从属关系, 是平行并列的关系；
考点7、区分定语从句与并列句
考点说明：
有时句与句之间由分号隔开，分号的作用相当于并列连词，分号前后为完整的句子时，起到了并列连词的作用，构成并列句，这时的分号影响到句子结构，进而影响到动词形式，所以说，分号虽小，意义却大，不可不防. 而定语从句是由关系词引导的从句，整个从句作为主句先行词的定语，两句为从属关系.
考点7、区分定语从句与并列句
语法填空：
①There are 50 students，and half of ________passed the exam.
②There are 50 students，half of ________passed the exam.
them
考点7、区分定语从句与并列句
whom
语法填空：
③He came from Beijing，________he returned there after he retired.
④He came from Beijing，________he returned after he retired.
考点7、区分定语从句与并列句
and
where
考点8、区分定语从句与强调句
考点说明：在都是由it构成的句式中，强调句中的that不担任从句的成分，不可省略，而定语从句中的that担任从句的主语或宾语，当担任从句的宾语时可以省略. 区别两句式的唯一方法是去掉 “it is--that”若句子结构及含义任然完整，则为强调句，反之为定语从句，当然还要看that能否还原到从句中去.
考点8、区分定语从句与强调句
语法填空：
①－When did you know him？
－It was16 years ago________we studied in Lanzhou.
②When did you come to Lanzhou？
－It was16 years ago______ I came to Lanzhou.
考点8、区分定语从句与强调句
when
that
语法填空：
③－Where did you know him？
－It was in Beijing________I know him.
－It was in the company in Beijing________we worked.
考点8、区分定语从句与强调句
that
where
考点9、区分定语从句与非谓语动词
考点说明：非谓语动词就是动词的ing或者加ed形式,来补充修饰名词；就是一个非谓语做定语来修饰名词的句子；如果改成定语从句就是，就是把非谓语恢复原来形式然后用which who that 等一些引导词来把句子衔接上. 二者意义上没有本质的区别，作用都是为了把主语名词修饰的更具体更完整，使其更容易被理解，信息更加丰富；doing做结果状语等同于一个非限定性定语从句.
考点9、区分定语从句与非谓语动词
语法填空：
①The accident happened，________ (cause) many deaths.
②The accident happened，________ caused many deaths.
考点9、区分定语从句与非谓语动词
causing
which
语法填空：
③The boy____________ called Tom won the first prize.
④The boy________(call) Tom won the first prize.
⑤The boy________(call) himself Tom won the first prize.
考点9、区分定语从句与非谓语动词
who is
called
calling
语法填空：
⑥The boy________waiting for the bus is Tom
⑦The boy________(wait) for the bus is Tom
考点9、区分定语从句与非谓语动词
who is
waiting
语法填空：
⑧Tom went to the airport________meet a friend.
⑨Tom went to meet a friend________came from America.
考点9、区分定语从句与非谓语动词
to
who
考点10、区别定语从句与It is the first time that 句型
考点说明：
固定句型：It is the first time that sb have done.“某人第几次做…”;It is the 最高级+名词 that sb have done.“是--所做的最…”结构中用that 引导从句.
考点10、区别定语从句与It is the first time that 句型
语法填空：
① It is the first time________she has been in Shanghai．
② It was the time_______Chinese people had a hard life．
考点10、区别定语从句与It is the first time that 句型
that
when
Thank you very much !