外研版 必修二 Module 2 No Drugs Grammar 课件-（27张）

(共27张PPT)
Module2 Grammar
The Infinitive & Adverbial Clause of Result
Grammar1:The Infinitive
不定式
To become a designer is my dream.
To see is to believe.
Eat to live, but not live to eat.
Who is the first to come and last to go
We refuse to cheat in examinations!
To improve your English, you need to study hard.
He asks us to hand in our Coaching Paper next week.
We are asked to hand in our Coaching Paper next week.
I am puzzled to hear the news that he resigned on September 12.
主语
主语; 表语
目的状语
定语
宾语
目的状语
主语补足语
原因状语
宾语补足语
不定式的时态
(1)一般式（to do 或者 to be done）--强调在谓语动词之后发生。
(2) 进行式(to be doing) --强调与谓语动词同时发生。
(3) 完成式(to have done 或者 to have been done)—强调在谓语动词之前发生。
They pretended to be studying when the teacher came in.
I’m sorry to have kept you waiting.
He is said to have been killed by a thief.
I want to have a holiday as soon as possible .
I want to be informed of everything about my son.
一般式
完成式
进行式
主动式 被动式
to do
to have done
to be doing
to be done
to have been done
判断时间:
看不定式动作与谓语动词发生的先后关系
判断语态:
看不定式动作与逻辑主语的关系
He is said ___________for America next week.
He is said ___________abroad and he will come back after graduation.
He is said ___________abroad. Now he is working in Beijing.
to leave
to be studying
to have studied
对比：
不定式的句法功能：
一、作主语
To finish the work in ten minutes is very hard.
眼见为实。_____________________.
1常用it作形式主语
It is very hard to finish the work in ten minutes.
多吃点蔬菜和水果是明智的选择。____________________________________________________.
To walk to school takes me 5 minutes.
= It takes me 5 minutes to walk to school.
To see is to believe.
It's a wise choice to eat more vegetables and fruits.
2 常用句式有
1）It + be+ adj.+ for sb +to do
①It is important for you to review the language points now and then.
② It is hard for me to finish the test within 2 hours.
2）It + be+ adj. +of sb.+ to do (接表示人的品质形容词)
① It was wise _____ you to follow the doctor’s advice.
=You were wise to follow the doctor’s advice.
② It is very nice of you to give me a hand.
=You are very nice to give me a hand.
of
二、作表语： 联系动词+ to do
① Her job now is to clean the hall.
② He seems ______ something disgraceful(不光彩的), for him looks so nervous.
A. do B. to have done
C. to be done D. to have been done
③ What I want to do now is ___ a good rest. I’m so tired.
A. have B. having C. to have had D. have had
B
A
In such dry weather, the flowers will have to be watered if they_____ .
A. have survived B. are to survive
C. would survive D. will survive
此处考查条件句中谓语动词的形式，可明显排除C，D两项，A项可用于条件句，但他应发生在谓语动词的动作之前。be to do 可用于条件句中表“想要(如何)”。
三、作宾语： vt. + to do
1) 动词+ to do
① He didn’t agree to lend me any money.
I’m sorry. I didn’t _______ you.
A. mean hurting B. need to hurt
C hope to have hurt D. mean to hurt
② He is so busy with his Senior 3 studies that he can’t help ________ any house work.
A. doing B. do C. to doing D. to be doing
D
B
(decide, expect, want, hope, wish, offer, fail, plan, learn, pretend, refuse, manage, help, agree, promise, prefer…)
2)vt. + it + adj./n. + to do 用于it 做形式宾语的句子中
I think it necessary to master a foreign language.
他立志决不向别人借钱.
他有每天早晨喝杯冷开水的习惯
He made it a rule never to borrow money.
He made it a rule to drink a glass of cold boiled water each morning.
四、作定语：
I have a meeting to attend.
He found a good house to__________.
The child has nothing _______________(可担心的).
注意：be the first/second--- to do
He is always the first person to come to school and the last to leave every day.
在我看来，他是最不适合干这个工作的人。
________________________________________________.
The first Chinese ______ in space was Yan Liwei.
A. traveled B. having traveled
C. to travel D. traveling
live in
to worry about
In my opinion, he is the last person to be fit for the job
C
五、作状语：
①表目的:
He worked day and night to get the money.
注意:不定式放句首时，逻辑主语与句子主语要一致；in order to do/so as to do的逻辑主语也必须和句子主语一致：
判断正误：
To save money, every means has been tried.
To save money, he has tried every means.
In order to improve work efficiency, they have brought in more modern equipment.
In order to improve work efficiency(效率), more modern equipment is being used.
wrong
right
wrong
right
Are the sentences right
1. So as to pay for the broken glass, he asked his father for 5 yuan.
In order to pay for the broken glass, he asked his father for 5 yuan.
He asked his father for 5 yuan so as to/ in order to pay for the broken glass.
2. In order to pay off his debt, Jim’s boss gave him another job.
In order to pay off his debt, Jim took another job.
3. To protect the environment, _______.
A. a lot of trees need planting
B. many cars should be reduced
C. we should plant many trees
D. waste should be recycled
He woke up to find his money gone.
常用结构： only to do 表示意外的结果
I visited him only to find him out.
He hurried to the station only to find that the tickets had been sold out.
【高考例析】
The news reporters hurried to the airport, only____ the
film stars had left.
A．to tell B．to be told
C．telling D．told
B
②表结果：
③表原因：
They were very sad to hear the news.
多年后的重逢使他们非常激动。__________________________________________.
注意：too…to
He is too young to go to school.
差别：I’m only too pleased to be able to help you.
He is only too willing to serve friends.
One is never too old to learn.
They were very excited to see each other after many years
结论：如果too后为glad, pleased, happy, eager, anxious, willing, ready(甘心的，甘愿的),easy 等这类表示 时，该句型表示肯定意义，这时too相当于 ；当too 前面有only, but和all等词时，only/but/all too= ；如果too前有否定词never，not, 即never/not too…to…的形式，或者是不定式前有not时，即too…not to do 的形式时，表示 意义。
心情、情绪的形容词
very
肯定
very
Grammar 2
Adverbial clause of result
结果状语从句
What kind of words follow so
What kind of words follow such
adj. / adv.
n.
Conclusion:
so + adj. / adv.+ that
so dangerous / serious/ nervous/hardly that…
such a/ an + adj. + [C]单数 + that
+ adj. + [U]/ [C]复数 +that
such an unhappy boy / a dangerous drug that …
such loud music/fantastic fun that …
such beautiful girls/ violent crimes that …
特殊结构
1) …so many/few children that…
…so much/little money that …
2) so little a child= such a little child
so you shouldn’t use it
so he refused to have lunch
so some addicts steal to pay for it
such one couldn’t stop using them
once he/ she started
so
such
他伤得如此严重，不得不退出比赛。
He was so seriously injured that he had to quit the game.
He had such a serious injury that he had to quit the game.
He had so serious an injury that he had to quit the game.
Can you combine them
1. There were very few people wanted to participate in the activity. It was cancelled.
2. Smoking is a very bad habit. You should quit it.
3. The cost of treatment is very dear. Few addicts can get help.
4. The problem of smoking in school is very serious now. We need to take actions to prevent teenagers from smoking.
1. There were very few people who participated in the activity. It was cancelled.
2. Smoking is a very bad habit. You should quit it.
There were so few people who wanted to participate in the activity that it was cancelled.
Smoking is such a bad habit that you should quit it.
Smoking is so bad a habit that you should quit it.
3. The cost of treatment is very dear. Few addicts can get help.
4. The problem of smoking in school is very serious now. We need to take actions to prevent smoking from teenagers.
The problem of smoking in school is so serious that we need to take actions to prevent teenagers from smoking now.
The cost of treatment is so dear that few addicts can get help.