2023届高考英语词汇复习的三个维度 课件（54张）

(共54张PPT)
词汇复习的三个维度
新高考的试卷结构
听力 （30分）
4篇阅读 （15 ×2.5=37.5分）
1篇七选五 （5×2.5=12.5 分）
1篇完形 （1×15=15分）
1篇语法填词 （10×1.5=15分）
1篇80词左右的应用文写作 （15分）
1篇150词左右的读后续写 （25分）
1. 词汇又称语汇，是一种语言中所有词和词组的总和。词是语言的建构材料，也是最小的能够独立运用的语言单位。词汇中的任何词语 都是通过一定的句法关系和语义关系与其他词语建立起一定联系的， 并在语境中传递信息。学习词汇不只是记忆词的音、形、义，更重要 的是在语篇中，通过听、说、读、看、写等语言活动，理解和表达与各种主题相关的信息或观点。
2. 高中阶段的词汇教学除了引导学生更深入地理解和更广泛地运用已学词汇外，重点是在语境中培养学生的词块意识，并通过广泛阅读，进一步扩大词汇量，提高运用词汇准确理解和确切表达意义的能力。
---普通高中英语课程标准（2017年版2020年修订）
3. 词汇学习不是单纯的词语记忆，也不是独立的词语操练，而是结 合具体主题、在特定语境下开展的综合性语言实践活动。学生通过 听、说、读、看、写等方式，感知、理解相关主题意义，使用词语表达相关话题的信息和意义。同时在这一系列行为中，根据词性、词语的习惯搭配和主题内容，构建不同词汇语义网，积累词块，扩大词汇量，并在大量的语言学习活动中，强化语感，迁移词语运用能力，最终做到词语内化。
---普通高中英语课程标准（2017年版2020年修订）
在义务教育阶段学习1500~1600个单词的基础上，学会使用500 个左右的新单词和一定数量的短语，累计掌握2000~2100个
高中 必修
学习使用1000~1100个左右的新单词和一定数量的短语，累计掌握3000~3200个单词。
选修
学习使用1000个左右新单词和一定数量的短语，累计掌握 4000~4200个单词。
--- 普通高中英语课程标准（2017年版2020年修订）
A
B
C
三会
会认
会写
会用
会认
音
形
意
见形知音
见形晓意
听音知形
听音晓意
3500
无上限
会写
会拼写
高频词汇
无上限
语法填词 写作
写作
阅读 完形 听力
会认
会写
会用
依托课本
(1-10 册 )
练习拓展
（单元分解练）
训练巩固
（周周综合练）
词法
词根
词缀
词源
distinct
immigrant
the Arctic
手段方法
be means of
大多数
make a life
despite=
选择选举
百分比
Italy
坚持维持沿袭
繁荣
aircraft
Korea
immigration
vice
侄子外甥
applicant
customs
socialism
发生;出现
cattle
表明暗示
背靠背
luggage
shave
apparent
brake
conductor
滑动滑行
bakery
ferry
与…合作
租用雇佣
画线;标出界限
吸收理解欺骗
a great/good many
Vocabulary
1. fate (n) ________(adj) ____________(adv)
2. hesitate(v) ________(n) ____________ (adj)
3. comfort (n/v) ________(adj) __________ (adv)
4. fortune(n) _________(adj) ____________(adv)
5. proper (adj) __________(adv)
6. mistake(n/v) __________(adj)
7.classify (v) __________(n)
8. approve (v) _________(n) __________(opposite)
9. rob (v) ______________(n)
10. betray(v) __________ (n)
11. heart (v) _________(adj) ________(adv)
12. disgust (v) _________(adj) _________ (adj)
fateful
fatefully
hesitation
hesitant
comfortable
comfortably
(un)fortunate
(un)fortunately
properly
mistaken
classification
approval
disapprove
robber/ robbery
betrayal
hearty
heartily
disgusting
disgusted
Vocabulary
1 . Henry was an_____(competence) mechanic and never did he fail to live up to people' _____(expect). What was ____(expect) was that such a ___ (mercy)man should have done so __ (mercy)a deed.
3. Winter here is ___ (freeze) cold and _____(occasion)even the ground is ____ (freez)solid.
4. Just as the saying goes, one man's meat is another man's poison. In other words, some think something _____ while others think it __. (value)
1.competent, expectations, unexpected, merciful, merciless
2 feezing, occasionally, frozen 4 valuable, valueless
4. He was always ____ (caution)about committing himself to anything. However, he cast caution to the winds _____ (abrupt) and volunteered to work on the front line to help those in need, though his wife ____ (caution)him against the dangers.
5. Our measures for tackling the COVID-19 pandemic have won international_______. (recognize)
6. The people in this city, which has the _____ (disticnt) of being the home to the Optical Valley as well as a host of colleges and universities, ____ (distinguish) themselves by demonstrating their integrity, devotion and bravery .
7.This ___ is well received in the market. Therefore，the _____ are trying their best to employ more ____ workers to improve their _____ to increase the _______.(produce)
4. cautious, abruptly, cautioned 5. recognition
6 . distinction, distinguished
7. product, producers, productive, productivity, production
Vocabulary
1. We may well wonder how the __________(accomplish)seamen explored the
oceans before latitude and longitude made it possible_________(plot) a ship's
position on a map.
2. The earliest, the astrolabe, was a special all-in-one tool for telling the position
of the ship __ relation to the sun and various stars which covered the whole sky.
However, it was awkward to use as one of the points of ______ (refer) was the
moving ship itself.
3. On/ Upon our __________(depart) from Tahiti, some of the crew, who ______
(deposit)Captain Bligh into a small boat to let him find his own way home, took
_____ the ship.
4.An early method of measuring speed involved throwing a ________(knot) rope
tied to a log over the side of the ship which was then thrown into the sea. As the
ship ________(advance) through the water the _______(knot) were counted as
they passed through a seaman's hands. number of knots that were counted
during a fixed period of time gave the speed of the ship in nautical miles per hour.
accomplished
to plot
in
reference
departure
deposited
over
knotted
advanced
knots
The
1. The police knew with certainty he had drugs in his car, so he became trapped
between the devil and the deep blue sea: either lie to the police, or admit that
the drugs belonged to him.
2. Our team were losing, but we felt we had to stay and watch the game to the
bitter end.
3. Once they have the plan carried out, the rest of the job should be plain sailing.
4. When my ship comes home, I'm moving out of this disgusting little apartment
first thing!
5. If those two are arguing again, send Mom in to talk to them—she's great
at pouring oil on troubled waters.
6. He's been seeking investors to raise the wind for his proposed textile business.
7. Don't worry about Sara's taking over that reporter's job---she already knows
the ropes.
8. I am very happy that I played sheet anchor role in the team's title triumph.
9. That was the hardest year of my life, but in the end I was able to weather the
storm with the support of my family.
习惯搭配
短语
副词+动词
形容词+名词
副词+形容词
1. 无法忍受 endurance
2. 不去想，封闭；遮挡 block .
3. 决不 no circumstances
4. 冒险做 venture something
6. 坚持；孜孜以求 persevere sth.
7. 妥协;屈服;让位;转为 give way sth/sth
8. 散发 give .
9. 推迟做某事 delay (do) sth
10. 倡导做某事 advocate (do) sth
11. 坚持;继续 hold .
12. 出发;开始;摆放;陈述 set .
13. 捐赠；造成 contribute .
14. 在看得见某物的地方 sight of sth
15. 渐弱；渐熄 die .
16. 挑剔 be particular sth
17. 因某事拿某物回报某人 repay sb sth with sth
18. 拖延的进行 drag .
19. 永远 good ( and all)
20. 大吃一惊/大发脾气 throw / have a .
21. 补偿 compensate .
beyond
out
in /under
on/upon
to
off
in / with
doing
doing
on
out
to
within /in
down
about /over
for
on
for
fit
for
Phrases
1．pass sb/sth________ as ... 把某人或某物改变或冒充成……
2．make one's acquaintance
(be / get/ become acquainted with sb )
3．_________ speaking 一般来说
4．______ terms of ... 就……来说；从……角度
5．show ...________ 带或领……进来
6．once more _________
7．______need of 需要……
8．fade _______ (声音、画面)逐渐模糊；渐淡
9. _______disguise 伪装
10. _____amazement 惊奇地
off
结识；与……相见
generally
in
in
再一次
in
out
in
in
A. in disguise B. in terms of C. in need of D be resigned to
E. fade out F. a handful of
1. It is reproted that the hardest-hit cities are __________ of
medical supplies.
2. Don't complain about the unexpected accident in your life,
which may be just a blessing _____________.
3. The city is superior to others ______ its geographic location
and high-end technologies.
4. This sort of protset tends to ___ through its own foolishness.
5. He _______ the fact that he would live in the gutter forever.
6. It is unfortunte that only ______ people were there to
support him.
C
A
B
E
D was resigned to
F
近义词/短语
阅读理解中的近义替换
写作中的多样表达
Guess the meaning of the following words:
1.exotic: A. native B. foreign C. local D. different
2. missionary: A. a person who is sent to spread Christianity
B. a person who is very rich
C. a person who explores space
D. a person who teaches psychology
3. seal: A. settle or decide B. sign a document
C. close tightly D. put a cover on
4.pirate: A. windstorms B. robbers at sea
C. difficulties D. strong waves
5.postpone: A. cancel B. put off C. put forward D. stop
6. delicate : A. sensitive B. typical C. rotten D. monumental
7. weed : A. sweet liquid that bees collect from flowers.
B. unwanted wild plants among crops
C. balance for weighing D. insect with hard wing-cases
1. 解决：
solve, resolve, deal with, cope with, handle, resolve, tackle, address, approach, sort out, straighten out
2. 重要的：
important, key, crucial, critical, significant, vital, substantial, indispensable;
3 . 认为：
believe, insist, maintain, assert, conclude, deem, hold, argue, be convinced;
“说”系列 “哭”系列
say explain moan burst into tears
shout tell sob shed tears
whisper confirm whimper tears well up in
scream state weep one's eyes
sigh deny howl
add exclaim choke
observe remark/comment
cry announce
at the mercy of leave tease
under the control of set out mock
in the power of set off laugh at
be subject to set sail play jokes on
be vulnerable to move off play tricks on
be easily influenced by start off make fun of
pull one's leg
relate to annoy sb
identify with embarrass sb
sympathize with
多义词
完形中的熟词“新”意
阅读中的推测词义
1. In the face of a global economic shutdown, the three companies are part of a
growing number of corporations who are reorienting their resources and supply
chains to help ________ the coronavirus pandemic.
2. The mountains on either side of the Yangtze River are the most __________
features of the Three Gorges.
3. We were overwhelmed with sadness when hearing the news that the medical
worker ___________ on the way home.
4. Among exhibits that ____________ my attention was a vase dating back to the
Tang Dynasty
多义词练习
arrest
1. ____pain / embarrassment/ anxiety
2. an _______ patient
3. an _____ angle
4. an ______ thinker
5. an _______ sense of smell
6. an ______ mind
7. an ______ analysis
acute
多义词
1. Temperature screenings will be done before admission to the museum.
Individuals who a temperature above 100 degrees will not be allowed
into the center that day.
2.You must bring your insurance card with you when you with a
dentist or doctor.
3. The baby’s birth this morning.
4. The delegation a formal protest with US embassy officials
Wednesday.
5. his protest, would Ray be content to sit down
6. I’d been standing there for several minutes before he my presence.
7. Her face shock and anger.
8.It was only when I mentioned the money that she a flicker of interest.
register
was registered
registered
registered
registered
registered
register
Having registered
1. It's believed that the pandemic could result in a permanent shift in the labour
market, requiring many workers to undergo retraining as, for example, more
cashiers automated checkout terminals.
2. As spring summer, the nights began to shorten.
3. Do hold to the belief that the bad days will the good days in the near future.
5. They swore that on on condition should they the forces of evil.
6. At times, it may be necessary to wait or others to maintain safe distancing restrictions.
7. Today’s new word is pandemic, a threat that will not affect the rhythms of the garden. Crocuses and early daffodils are up, soon to later varieties, the delicate blue and white stars of puschkinia, to tulips, and then the
flowers of early summer. There is promise in the buds on the lilacs,
the red-tipped branches of the Japanese maple, shoots on the rose
canes, fiddleheads amid the winter- matted ferns. Each plant has its
season, predictable almost to the day.
give in to
yield to
submit to
make way for
make room for
be replaced or superseded by
give way to
The best of a Kilimanjaro experience, in my opinion, isn't reaching the top.
Mountains are regarded as spiritual places by many cultures. This view is especially
evident on Kilimanjaro as climbers go through five ecosystems in the space of a few
kilometers. At the base is a rainforest. It ends abruptly at 3, 000 meters, lands
of low growing plants. Further up, the weather changes — low clouds envelope the
mountainsides, which are covered with thick grass. I count twelve shades of green
from where I stand. Above 4, 000 meters is the highland desert: gravel（砾石）,
stones and rocks. Finally you climb into an arctic-like zone with permanent snow
and the glaciers that may soon disappear. (2019 高考完形填空)
A. holding on to B. going back to C. living up to D. giving way to
D
林尽水源，便得一山。
----陶渊明《桃花源记》
But Tiare Johnson would never under any circumstances have been rich. She could not keep money. The daughter of a native and an English sea-captain settled in Tahiti, when I knew her she was a woman of fifty, who looked older, and of enormous proportions. Tall and extremely stout, she would have been of imposing presence if the great good-nature of her face had not made it impossible for her to express anything but kindliness. Her arms were like legs of mutton, her breasts like giant cabbages; her face, broad and fleshy, gave you an impression of almost indecent nakedness, and vast chin succeeded to vast chin. I do not know how many of them there were. They fell away voluminously into the capaciousness of her bosom. She was dressed usually in a pink Mother Hubbard, and she wore all day long a large straw hat. But when she let down her hair, which she did now and then, for she was vain of it, you saw that it was long and dark and curly; and her eyes had remained young and vivacious. Her laughter was the most catching I ever heard; it would begin, a low peal in her throat, and would grow louder and louder till her whole vast body shook. She loved three things -- a joke, a glass of wine, and a handsome man. To have known her is a privilege.
---Moon and Sixpence William Somerset Maugham
词典意义 vs 语境意义 （阅读中的推测词义）
While I tend to buy a lot of books, these three were given to me as gifs, which might add to the meaning I attach to them. But I imagine that, while money is indeed wonderful and necessary, rereading an author’s work is the highest currency a reader can pay them. The best books are the ones that open further as time passes. But remember, it’s you that has to grow and read and reread in order to better understand your friends.
26. What does the underlined word ＂currency＂ in paragraph 4 refer to
Debt B. Reward. C. Allowance. D. Face value.
（2020课标全国Ⅰ B）
多性词
语法填词
v/n adj / n
graduate volunteer table relative
guide monitor floor regular
cook brake pride initial
exhibit row bridge intellectual
judge try duck chemical
advocate go squirrel …
address run fish
lecture top …
graduate
The college ________ 50 studenents last year. The 50 _________ all got their ideal jobs after ___________.
regular
The company holds meetings with employees _________.
The barman knows all the ____ by name.
多性多义词练习
1. Hundreds of Hindu worshippers in India hosted a cow urine drinking party, _____that consuming cow urine can ward off coronavirus.
2. He is not entitled to _____ a travel allowance.
3. As of Monday, COVID-19 ___ about 30,000 lives globally.
4. The false___ made by the company that their product can make the consumers thin without dieting made the public annoyed.
1. claiming 2. claim 3. had claimed 4. claim
语义场
主题语境
联想
思维导图
“婚”系列
1. fall in love with sb 爱上某人
2. fall in love at first sight 一见钟情
3. have/go on a date 约会
4. ask for one's hand in marriage 向某人求婚
5. propose (marriage) (to sb ) （向某人）求婚
6. make a marriage proposal/a proposal of marriage
求婚
7. accept one's hand in marriage 答应某人的求婚
give sb one's hand in marriage
offer sb one's hand in marriage
8. get/be engaged to sb 订婚
9. get married to sb 完婚
语篇训练
单元话题再现法
Volcaulary
Archaeology is the study of ancient civilizations by scientific ________ (analyse) of physcial remains found in the ground. But _______(like) history, it is often has to deal with civilizations that have no written records. So it is the job of __________(archaeology) to try to find out as much as they can about the life and times of long dead people by looking at the places________they lived, what they wore, what tools they used and how they buried their dead.
The study of archaeology is not just about the study of objects. but also about getting the most information about the site and the people who lived there. To do that, an ______ (excavate) has to be organized in a very ______(system) way. The workers must remove the earth from the ground carefully in order not to harm or destroy any of the objects ______ (bury)in the ground. Evry part of the __________(excavate) must be recorded. This is because when the _______(excavate) is completed no one else will be able to do that _____(excavate) again. By excavating a site, __________(archaeology) have destroyed the evidence. So writing and drawing everything in the place where it was found is _____ extreme importance.
analyses; unlike; archaeologists; where; excavation;
systemetic; buried; of
Cloning is a way of 1 (make) an exact copy of another animal or plant. Cloning plants is straightforward 2 cloning animals is very complicated. It is a difficult task to undertake. Many attempts to clone mammals 3 (fail). But at last the 4 (determine) and patience of scientists paid off with 5 breakthrough—the cloning of Dolly the sheep. Dolly’s appearance raised a storm of 6 (object) and had a great impact on the media and public imagination. Altogether Dolly lived six and a half years, half the 7 (long) of the original sheep.
At present some countries began to reform their legal systems and 8 (forbid) research into human cloning, but 9 countries like China and the UK, continued to accumulate evidence of the abundant medical aid 10 cloning could provide.
making 2.while/but3.failed4.determination5.a
6.objections 7.length8.forbade9.other10.that/which
Moving to Elephant Island was a dangerous under-taking, but it was not our
first. We had struggled onto the ice to make camp when the Endurance
(stick). The ice constantly broke up at night because of the warmth of our bodies
and we often dropped into the (freeze)water while sleeping. Though we
were in an ________ (bear) situation, we tried to make our daily life cheerful
with singing and making fun of each other. Our circumstances improved when
we saw the solid land of Elephant Island appear the horizon. Shackleton gave
us no time (mourn) the failure of our expedition. He encouraged us all
with advice to prevent sickness. Without his faith we would indeed survive,
we might all give way to despair. _______, we prepared to follow his advice and
on this day climbed into the three small open boats ready for the journey.
was stuck
freezing
unbearable
on
to mourn
that
Anyhow
在具体教学中，教师要引导学生利用词语的结构和文本的语境理解词语的意思，借助词典等资源，学习词语的用法，并大胆使用新的词语表达自己的意思。在日常教学活动中，教师要结合主题语境，不断地复现有关词语，其中包括教师自己的课堂教学话语和学生发言、对话、讨论的话语，譬如在小组活动前，教师提示相关词语运用的要求，有意识地促使学生在讨论中使用新学的词语。在学生词汇学习的过程中，教师可以根据主题，引导学生使用思维导图梳理词汇。在课堂上，教师要注意词块的呈现，帮助学生关注动词词 组、介词词组、名词词组、形容词词组和副词词组的习惯搭配和表达。词汇学习是一个长期综合实践和有效积累的过程。
---普通高中英语课程标准（2017年版2020年修订）
“Studies have shown that the only way a
new word will remain alive in your vocabulary is if it is regularly reinforced through use and through reading.”
--- Merriam Webster's Vocabulary Builder
“As soon as you feel confident with a word,
start trying to work it into your writing wherever
appropriate-your papers and reports, your diary and your poetry. An old saying goes, 'use it three times and it's yours.' That may be, but don's stop at three. Make the words part of your working vocabulary, the words that you can not only recognize when you see or hear them but that you can comfortably call on whenever you need them.“
--- Merriam Webster's Vocabulary Builder