北师大版（2019）选择性必修第三册Unit 8 Literature Lesson 3 20,000 Leagues Under the Sea-Reading Club 2 课件（33张）

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A word is a microcosm of human consciousness. — Vygotsky
版本：新北师
单元：选择性必修三 Unit 8 (LESSON 3 — READING CLUB 2)
本单元词汇梳理
1. league 词块：a football league, the Communist Youth League of China
2. violent 来自violence；派生词：violently
3. recollection recollect (v 忆起) + -ion (名词后缀)
recollect：re- (再次) + collect (收集) → 再次 (在大脑中) 收集
→ 忆起
4. desperation desperate (adj 绝望的) + -ion (名词后缀)；词块：in desperation
5. sink 过去式、过去分词：sank, sunk；一词多义：基本义“下沉”
词块：loose lips sink ships, sink into
6. ease 基本义：舒适；名词动词化：减轻；缓解；使顺利
词块：at ease, with ease, put sb at (one’s) ease, ease the pain /
stress / mind；词族：ease, easy, easily, uneasy
7. grab 基本义：抓住；熟词生义：匆忙地吃 / 喝
词块：grab the attention of, grab the chance / opportunity
8. nevertheless 来自never the less, 正式用语
9. preservation preserve (v 保护) + -ation (名词后缀)
preserve：pre- (before 先、前) + serve (to keep safe 保护) →
提前保护 → 保护
10. strike 拟声词；一词多义：基本义“击打”
词块：strike a match, it strikes sb that …, be struck by, go on strike
词族：strike, stricken, striker, striking
11. chest 词源义是“（大）箱子”，因胸腔的肋骨就像装着心脏的箱子而衍生出“胸部“的意思
12. unconscious un- (not 无) + conscious (adj 有知觉的)
13. being be + -ing ；熟词生义：身心 (正式用语)
词块：come into being / be brought into being, a human being
14. bounce 拟声词；基本义：(使) 弹起；词块：bounce off
15. steel 词块：iron and steel；派生词：steely
16. evidently evident (adj 明显的) + -ly (副词后缀)
词族：evidence, evident, evidently
17. solid 词块：solid evidence
18. polished polish (v 擦亮) + -ed (形容词后缀)
19. construction construct：con- (together 一起) + struct (to build 建造) +
-ion (名词后缀) → 一起建造 → 建造；建筑
词块：under construction
同根词：destruction, structure
20. daybreak 合成词：day (n 天) + break (n 拂晓)
21. utter 形容词动词化： 出声；作动词时是正式用语，对应say
22. continuation continue (v 延续) + -ation (名词后缀)
词族：continue, continuous, continuation
23. aboard = on board；词源：a- (on 在……上) + board (木板) 。
古代小船基本上就是由几块木板构成，所以board也可表示“木船”，aboard就是“在船上” 。后来，随着交通
工具的发展，aboard的词义也随之扩展，可以表示“在
火车上” “在飞机上”等。
词块：Welcome aboard Flight … All aboard!
24. seaman 合成词：sea (n 大海) + man (n 人) → 海员
fort com- (表示强调) + fort (strong 强大的) → 使 (心理) 强大、有力、鼓励 → 使舒服；安慰
抽象名词具体化：意为“令人感到安慰的人或物”时是
可数名词；名词动词化：安慰
词块：comfort zone
词族：comfort, comfortable, comfortably, discomfort, uncomfortable, uncomfortably
26. emotional emotion (n 情绪) + -al (形容词后缀)
27. scholar schol (school 学校) + -ar (人) → 学校的 (人) → 学者
派生词：scholarship
28. poison 名词动词化：使中毒； 毒死；词块：be poison to sb / sth
词族：poison, poisoned, poisoning, poisonous
29. forgive 过去式、过去分词：forgave, forgiven
词块：forgive sb for sth / forgive sb sth
30. fence 名词动词化：把……用栅 / 篱围住；派生词：fencing
31. handkerchief 词源：13世纪初，征服了英格兰的法国诺曼贵族们喜欢在头上戴一条方巾，将其称为 courchief，由 cour (cover 盖) 和 chief (head) 构成，后来演变为英语单词 kerchief。16世纪后，这种方巾被人们拿在手上，用来擦嘴或擤鼻涕，因此在 kerchief 前面加上 hand，变成了 handkerchief。
32. noble 词块：a noble mind / soul, a noble building；派生词：nobly
重难点词精讲
grab
一词多义
sink
一词多义
熟词生义
strike
一词多义
ease
comfort
一词多义
一词多义
搭配义
forgive
solid
一词多义
搭配义
名词动词化
sink
sink
Loose lips sink ships.
祸从口出
这是二战时流行的一句著名口号。当时到处挂着的宣传画上都可以看到这样的警句。
这句话告诫人们，战争年代到处都可能有敌人的间谍和奸细，如果我们口疏泄密，随时都可能引起重大的破坏和事故。
sink (sank, sunk) v
vi & vt（使）下沉；（使）沉没 反 float：
The ship sank to the bottom of the river.
The wheels started to sink into the mud.
My father’s ship was sunk in World War II.2011 湖南改
vi（高度）下降；倒下；坐下：
The sun was starting to sink. 2010 浙江
She let out a sigh and sank into a chair.
vi 消沉；陷入；降低；减弱：
Her heart sank as the list ended without her name.
The population of the village sank to just a few families.
be sunk in 陷入……中：
I was worried, sunk in thought.
n [C] 面盆；洗碗池
sink 语义网络图
sink 下沉；下落 基本义
船下沉
（具体物）
身体下沉
（由物及人）
情绪下沉
（由具体到抽象）
程度上下沉
（由具体到抽象）
降低；减弱
高度下沉
（高度）
消沉；陷入
（高度）下降
倒下；坐下
（使）下沉；（使）沉没
Life and Death
——Walter Savage Landor
I strove with none for none was worth
my strife;
Nature I loved, and, next to nature, art
I warmed both hands before the fire of
life;
It sinks, and I am ready to depart.
读下面的诗歌并体会sink的含义
生与死
——（译）杨绛
我和谁都不争，
和谁争我都不屑；
我爱大自然，
其次是艺术；
我双手烤着生命之火取暖；
火萎了，
我也准备走了。
趁热打铁。
Strike while the iron is hot.
strike
strike (struck, struck) v
vt [正式用语] 打；撞击：
The ship struck a rock.
The boy fell, striking his head on the edge of the table.
vi & vt（时钟等）敲响；报（时）；擦 / 划（火柴）：
The church clock began to strike twelve.
He struck a match and lit another cigar.
vi & vt（不幸等）突然降临；突然袭击：
Last month, part of Southeast Asia was struck by floods.
She was practicing surfing when a shark struck. 2011 广东改
拟声词，模拟鼓掌时击打双手发出的声音；基本义：击打
vt [不用于进行时]（使）突然想到 / 意识到 to come suddenly into sb’s mind：
The solution struck me immediately.
it strikes sb + that 从句：
It struck me that we might have made the wrong decision.
vt 给……以某种印象 to give sb a particular impression:
We were struck by her kindness.
What struck me most was the enthusiasm of the
local people.
strike sb as (being) …:
He strikes me as (being) a very serious person.
vi 罢工：
The bus drivers were striking for more money.
该释义源于英国工业革命开始后，机器的出现导致很多纺织工人失业，工人们认为是机器抢走了他们的工作机会，便用工具“击打”机器，把机器推倒，厂房砸烂，使生产无法继续，因而衍生出“罢工”的意思。
strike a balance 两者兼顾；达到平衡：
He found it difficult to strike a balance between his family and his work.
strike a deal 达成协议
strike fear / terror into sb’s heart 使某人感到害怕 / 恐惧
n [C] & [U] 罢工：
The workers will go on strike if the demands they put forward are turned down.
stricken adj [正式用语] 受灾的；患病的；受苦的：
earthquake-stricken areas
striker n [C] 罢工者；（足球的）前锋；（棒球的）击球手
striking adj 惊人的；显著的；引人注目的 very noticeable; making a strong impression
某物“击打”某物
指针“击打”钟表
灾难等事件“击打”人 / 地区
灵感 / 想法等
“击打”大脑
打；撞击
（时钟等）敲响；
报（时）
（不幸等）突然降临；
突然袭击
（使）突然想到 / 意识到
strike语义网络图
击打 strike 基本义
工人“击打”机器
罢工
感觉“击打”在人的心中
给……以某种印象
solid
实心球（solid ball）是一种体育器材，实心材质，呈球形。它同时也是一种体育项目，讲究力量性和动作速度，部分地区将“投掷实心球”的分数计入中考。
solid
adj
实心的：
a solid ball / needle
固体的：
solid fuel / food
坚固的；牢固的：
The old house has a solid foundation.
可靠的：
There is solid evidence to show he wasn’t there when the crime took place.
n [C] 固体：
Water exists as a solid, a liquid and a gas.
comfort
走出你的舒适区
[U] 舒适（感）；安逸（感）：
Walk out of our comfort zone and try new things! 2015 湖南
Teenagers can write and make music using a computer programme in the comfort of their own bedroom. 2014 安徽
When Dad died, he left me enough to live in comfort for the rest of my life.
[U] 安慰；慰藉：
We find comfort in giving care and receiving care in return. 2013 陕西
For some people, an animal provides more comfort than a husband or wife. 2010 全国改
构词：com- (表示强调) + fort (strong 强大的) → （内心）强大 → （感到）舒服、舒适的状态 (v) → 舒适 (n)
comfort n
身体、生活上的舒适
心理上的舒适
[C] 令人感到安慰的人或物：
A hot cup of milk on a cold night is a real comfort.
vt 安慰；慰藉：
My teacher comforted me, saying “Don’t worry. You can do better next time.” 2008 浙江
同族词: comfort, comfortable, comfortably, discomfort, uncomfortable, uncomfortably
抽象名词具体化
名词动词化
视频欣赏：Forgive me.
forgive (forgave, forgiven) vt 原谅；宽恕：
One of my favourite sayings is “Understand all and forgive all.”
forgive sb sth:
They forgave him his rudeness.
forgive sb for (doing) sth:
Forgive yourself for mistakes that you have made. 2020 全国
Forgive me for interrupting, but I have something urgent to tell you.
forgive and forget 不念旧恶；不记仇：
It is a virtue to forgive and forget, especially in such a competitive and stressful society. 2012 江苏书面表达改
sb could / might be forgiven for doing sth 某人做某事虽然错却是可以理解的
forgiveness n [U] 原谅；宽恕
名词动词化
说出下列句子中画线词的汉语释义。
1. The garden is fenced with a colourful fence. ____________
2. They planned to poison the enemy by putting the poison in their food. ____________
3. Perri thinks that her own life has mirrored her mother’s: both have full-time jobs; each has three children.（2013 湖北）
____________
4. Snow soon blanketed the frozen ground like a huge white blanket.
____________
5. A stream of tears streamed down his face. ____________
（用栅栏）围住
毒害
反映 / 与……
相似
覆盖
流
本单元金句汇总
1. Her heart sank as the list ended without her name.
2. He is smart and humorous, and I feel at ease with him.
3. The situation has eased.
4. The Beatles immediately grabbed the attention of young people.
5. Strike while the iron is hot.
6. It struck me that we might have made the wrong decision.
7. Walk out of our comfort zone and try new things! 2015 湖南
8. One of my favourite sayings is “Understand all and forgive all.”
9. It is a virtue to forgive and forget, especially in such a competitive and stressful society. 2012 江苏书面表达改
随堂检测
一、用适当的介词填空。
1. The fish food will gradually sink _____________ the bottom of the tank.
2. She sank back _____________ her seat, tired.
3. She just sat there, sunk ______________ thought.
二、根据所给提示，用适当的词块完成下列句子。
1. The kids watched as the coin ___________________________（沉入池底）.
2. ______________________（她心里一沉）as she read the results.
to
into
in
sink
Her heart sank
sank to the bottom of the pool
3. Fred entered without knocking and, very out of breath, ______________________（坐进椅子里）.（2008 安徽改）
4. Soon afterward, waves crashed over the boat, and it ______________________（开始下沉）.（2013 四川）
5. Susan’s husband watched her ____________________________
_____________（陷入绝望）and he was determined to use every possible means to help his wife.（2010 湖北）
sink into hopelessness / despair /
began / started to sink
sank into a chair
desperation
写出下列句子中画线部分的汉语释义。
1. Lisa told me that she felt at ease with Bernard. ___________
2. The computer is popular for its good design and ease of use.
___________
3. I did my best to make him feel at ease before the interview. ___________
4. I will give you something to ease the pain. ___________
5. He eased slowly forwards. ___________
6. It would ease my mind to know you had arrived safely. __________
ease
感到自在
使用简单
使他感到放松
减轻疼痛
小心翼翼地移动
使我放心
一、写出下列句子中画线部分的汉语释义。
1.She grabbed the child’s hand and ran. ___________
2. The book is full of good ideas to grab the students’ attention. ___________
3. Hang on while I grab a cup of coffee. ___________
二、根据所给汉语，用适当的词块完成下列句子。
I think you should ________________________________ （抓住机会）to travel while you’re young.
抓住
吸引
grab
赶紧喝
grab the chance / opportunity
一、根据所给汉语，完成下列句子。
1. The teacher, with 6 girls and 8 boys of her class, was visiting a
museum when ____________________（发生地震）.
2. We would spend 1,500 yuan purchasing some pens for the needy
students in _____________________（贫困地区）.（2011 上海
书面表达）
3. _______________（我突然想到）playing against the other team
was a great learning moment.（2015 全国）
4. 趁热打铁。______________________________
strike
the earthquake struck
poverty-stricken areas
It struck me that
Strike while the iron is hot.
二、写出下列句子中画线部分的汉语释义。
1. It always struck me that when you’re looking at a big challenge
from the outside it looks huge, but when you’re in the midst of it, it
just seems normal.（2011 天津）
_____________________________________
2. I still love to record ideas and quotations that strike me in books, or
observations that are particularly meaningful.（2013 湖北）
_____________________________________
3. When sunlight strikes an object, some of the energy is absorbed
and some is reflected.（2008 江苏）
_____________________________________
我总是想到
把书中印象深刻的看法和引文记录下来
阳光照射在物体上
solid
写出下列句子中画线部分的汉语释义。
1. Solids turn to liquids at certain temperatures. ___________
2. He did not eat solid food for several weeks. ___________
3. A tennis ball is hollow（空心的）, but a base ball is solid. __________
4. If your race car isn’t insured（投保）, you may risk losing everything when it hits something solid. ___________
5. The research lacks solid evidence, and therefore, its conclusions are doubtful.（2012 浙江） ___________
6. The taps appeared to be made of solid gold. ___________
固体
固体的
实心的
坚硬的
可靠的
纯金
一、写出下列句子中画线部分的汉语释义。
1.They had enough money to live in comfort in their old age. _________
2. Whenever he was upset, he would turn to her for comfort and advice.
_________
3. The hotel has all modern comforts. _________
4. Within hours of the news, Helen arrived to comfort her heartbroken friend. _________
二、在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
1. The children have been __________ great comfort to me through all of this.
2. The new shoes are not very ____________ (comfort).
舒舒服服地
安慰
舒适设施
安慰
comfort
comfortable
a
翻译下列句子。
1. 他们原谅了我们的无理。(forgive sb sth)
_________________________________________________
2. 你能原谅我忘了你的生日吗？(forgive sb for doing sth)
_________________________________________________
3. 为了让生活更加轻松，你要学会既往不咎。
_________________________________________________
forgive
Can you forgive me for forgetting your birthday
They forgave us our rudeness.
You should learn to forgive and forget in order to have an easier life.
谢
谢
观
赏