2023届高考英语短文改错课件（25张）
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文档简介
(共25张PPT)
高考专题
短文改错
●分析三年考情,备考不走弯路
考点 2020 2019 2018 合计 命题特点
Ⅰ卷 Ⅱ卷 Ⅲ卷 Ⅰ卷 Ⅱ卷 Ⅲ卷 Ⅰ卷 Ⅱ卷 Ⅲ卷
错 词 冠词 1 1 1 3 1.材料常取自学生作文或者类似作文,话题多涉及学生的日常生活。
2.从词法、句法和语篇三个方面来考查考生的语言综合运用能力,兼顾考查句子结构的分析能力和习惯搭配。
●词法方面:错词涉及名词、冠词、代词、介词、形容词和副词、动词的时态和语态,非谓语动词等错误;多词、缺词涉及冠词、代词、介词、be动词、不定式符号to等。
●句法方面:主要涉及连接并列句和各种从句的连接词或主谓一致。
●语篇方面:上下文的一致性,如时态的一致、代词的一致以及行文逻辑的一致等。
名词 1 1 1 2 1 1 1 2 1 11
代词 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 7
形容词/副词 2 2 2 3 2 1 2 2 16
连接词 2 3 1 2 1 1 2 1 1 14
介词 1 1 2
时态/语态/主谓一致 1 2 1 1 1 2 9
非谓语动词 1 1 1 2 1 1 1 8
情态动词
特殊句式 1 1
数词 1 1
考点 2020 2019 2018 合计 命题特点
Ⅰ卷 Ⅱ卷 Ⅲ卷 Ⅰ卷 Ⅱ卷 Ⅲ卷 Ⅰ卷 Ⅱ卷 Ⅲ卷
多 词 、 缺 词 冠词 1 1 1 3
介词 2 1 1 1 5
代词 1 1
连接词 1 1 2
be动词 1 1
形容词/副词 1 1
不定式符号to 1 1 1 1 1 5
●掌握备考策略,优化备考策略
◆短文改错不是阅读,刷题不是良方。踏实复习语法知识,牢记基础词汇的用法和固定搭配,关注介词、冠词等小词。在基础知识不牢的情况下,避免做题过多,以免强化了错误的知识。
◆记思路和记知识同等重要。短文改错的命题特点、设题方式、改错原则、考点分布要熟记心中。对考生来说,难的是看不出错误在哪里,而不是看出错误而改不对。
◆变的是短文,不变的是考点。短文改错的考点是固定的,只是在不同的短文中以不同的形式考查,熟记考点,积累高频出错点,定期回顾复习。
◆培养朗读习惯,增强语感。熟读优秀习作,背诵其中的佳句、短语或者固定搭配,培养语感。
考查内容 命题重点
词 法 名词 单数与复数、可数与不可数、所有格
冠词 不定冠词、定冠词与零冠词
代词 主格与宾格、人称与物主、人称与反身、不定代词、关系代词
介词 介词用法、介词与其他单词的搭配
形容词 和副词 原级、比较级、最高级
动词 时态、语态、非谓语动词
词性误用 形容词与副词、形容词与名词、名词与动词
句法 连接词(并列连词、各种从句的连接词)、主谓一致、there be等特殊句式
行文逻辑 时态一致、指代一致、逻辑一致
◆熟知考查形式
短文改错10处错误中,考查错词、多词、缺词三种形式的错误。
类型 数量 设题点
错词 8个 名词、形容词、副词、连接词、时态、语态、主谓一致、代词、非谓语动词等
多词、缺词 2个 冠词、介词、代词、连接词、be动词、不定式符号等
短文改错的口诀：
Ⅲ. 短文改错命题原则—高考就考这些点
(词法,句法和行文逻辑)
请先念一遍
“咒语”吧！
动词形，名词数，
还要注意形和副;
代词格，需领悟。
非谓动词要记住 ，冠词连词常光顾;
习惯用法及介词， 逻辑错误全关注。
Last summer I take a part-time job in the International Camp for children.
Everyday he makes sure that fresh vegetables and high quality oil are using for cooking.
As we climbed the mountain，we fed monkeys，visiting temples and told stories.
My dream school look like a big garden.
took
used
visited
looks
8
一、动词形
1.动词时态和语态。2. 主谓一致。
错误设置主要包括以下两个方面
1. 可数名词与不可数名词的混用。
不可数名词有：
baggage/luggage. furniture. equipment. work
advice. attention. weather. fun. progress.
information. news.
二、名词数
When I was a young children, my father created a regular practice I remember well years later.
Mom has a full-time job, but she has to do most of the houseworks.
Don’t lose hearts, and you’ll be successful in time.
They have all sorts of course. I’m sure you will find one you like.
______
____
___
heart
child
housework
courses
____
三.还要注意形和副：
考查形容词和副词的误用、形容词及副词的原级或比较级等。
系动词后(am/is/are/was/were/become/smell/taste等) 或名词前用形容词。
副词修饰行为动词、形容词、过去分词及整个句子。
I’m sure we’ll have a wonderfully time together.
The bad meat smells terribly.
They were also the best and worse years in my life.
Instead，he hopes that his business will grow steady.
worst
wonderful
terrible
steadily
代词的错误特点：
人称代词主格和宾格的误用；
代词指代的误用(指代的人或事物前后不一致的错误和代词的单复数误用等)；
不定代词many, much, any, few, both, all, either, neither, none的误用；
反身代词的误用；
“it”一词的不当使用(包括用于从句中作形式主语或形式宾语)
12
四.代词格，需领悟：
If we go on a trip abroad，we can broaden your view and gain knowledge we cannot get from books.
Mr.and Mrs.Zhang all work in our school.
You may keep the books for several weeks so that you can have enough time to read it.
4.It does not cost many，yet we can still learn a lot.
our
both
them
much
五.非谓动词要记住
非谓语动词：现在分词、过去分词，不定式和动名词。
错误特点：1.谓语动词和非谓语动词的错用；
2.动词不定式和动名词的错用；
3.现在分词和过去分词的错用；
4.在并列结构中非谓语动词的误用。
改正策略：
1.纵观全句确定句中动词所作的句子成分。
2.系统掌握非谓语动词的句法功能。
14
I’m looking forward to hear from you soon.
The boss made them to work twelve hours a day.
After looks at the toy for some time, he turned
around and found his parents were missing.
looking
hearing
六.冠词连词常光顾：
命题特点及改正方法：
英语中冠词只有三个，只能从以下几个方向出题：
1.不定冠词a 和an 互改
2.不定冠词a 或an 和定冠词the互改；
3.根据需要增删冠词。
连词but， and， or 和so 常考用法错。which ，who 和that 引导定语从句； what,that,who,why 等引导名词性从句。
冠词的错用或冠词的缺失与多余
1. He has an unusual experience in an European university
a
2. (2016·全国卷Ⅱ) But in that case, we will learn
little about world.
∧
the
world是独一无二的事物，在world前加the。
3. Although she is clever， but she works very hard.
七.习惯用法及介词：
1 主要考查习惯搭配，其错误表现形式主要有三种：多词、少词和搭配错误。
2 介词涉及搭配错误，因此可从以下方面确定错误：
一些固定短语中介词的误用
及物动词之后介词的多用或不物动词之后介词的漏用
Now I am leaving home to college.
My uncle says that he never dreams becoming rich in a short period of time.
They have also bought for some gardening tools.
of
for
1. 定语从句引导词的错用与缺失
① In an autumn afternoon, we were sent to a farm which we learned to plant potatoes.
where
2. 名词性从句引导词的错用、缺失与多余
① (2016·全国卷Ⅰ) My uncle is the owner of a restaurant close to that I live.
where
八.逻辑错误须关注：
与句子的上、下文不一致，甚至相矛盾，属于逻辑性错误，如称谓上的张冠李戴。
Unluckily, he was the only one who finally got
the well-paid job.
2.There the air is fresh or the mountains are green.
3.If we stay at home, it is comfortable but there is no need to spend money.
Luckily
and
and
It was a sunny day today but I went to Xishan Park for a spring outing. The moment when I entered the park, a variety of beautiful flowers and green trees came into sight. Attracting by the beauty, I couldn’t help taking photos. As I wandered along the path, enjoying the beautiful view, I noticed anything unpleasant. Two schoolgirls jumped over the fence to pick flowers. Obviously they didn’t realize that their behavior has done great damage to beauty of the park. Without hesitation, I went up and stopped her politely. Feeling quite embarrassed, the two girls came out immediate. Then they took pictures inside the fence. Seeing that, I smiled and everything looked nicer in my eye.
4
My hobby is collecting stamps. I had stamps from many countries, like England, Canada, China and other countries. Yesterday, one of my favorite stamp was lost, this made me really upset. I looked for it anywhere and asked everybody in the room, but still I couldn’t find them. “Where could it have gone？” I thought to myself, “Maybe I should tell my teacher.” With my eyes filling with tears, I came in Mr. Li’s office. “Don’t be so worrying！” Mr.Li told me with a smile, “You must put it somewhere else. I am sure it will turn up soon.” At the last, I found it in my English book.
5
Insurance companies are normally willing to insure anything, but it must be unique to insure a dish. It was a unusual pie dish, for it was eighteen feet in long and six feet in width. They had been purchased by a local authority so that an enormous pie could baked for an annual fair. The pie committee decided that the best way to transport would be by a canal, so they insured it for the trip. Short after it was launched, the pie committee went to the local inn to celebrate.
In the same time, a number of teenager climbed on to the dish and held a little party of their own. Dancing proved to be more than the dish could bear but during the party it capsized (倾覆) and sink in seven feet of water.
6
My mother is a ordinary woman with extraordinary ability. Poor as my family is, but with my mother’s constant care and love, I feel warmly and happy. She always thinks of others first and never complains anything in her life, viewed life with an optimistic attitude. Also, she is a teacher with a good sense of humor and makes her students interest in English study. She shows great patient to those naughty ones, who also gives great comments on her in return. My mother always tries his best to deal with things perfectly. I hope I can be as good as my mother when I grow up. How a hero she is in my mind!
7
本课结束
高考专题
短文改错
●分析三年考情,备考不走弯路
考点 2020 2019 2018 合计 命题特点
Ⅰ卷 Ⅱ卷 Ⅲ卷 Ⅰ卷 Ⅱ卷 Ⅲ卷 Ⅰ卷 Ⅱ卷 Ⅲ卷
错 词 冠词 1 1 1 3 1.材料常取自学生作文或者类似作文,话题多涉及学生的日常生活。
2.从词法、句法和语篇三个方面来考查考生的语言综合运用能力,兼顾考查句子结构的分析能力和习惯搭配。
●词法方面:错词涉及名词、冠词、代词、介词、形容词和副词、动词的时态和语态,非谓语动词等错误;多词、缺词涉及冠词、代词、介词、be动词、不定式符号to等。
●句法方面:主要涉及连接并列句和各种从句的连接词或主谓一致。
●语篇方面:上下文的一致性,如时态的一致、代词的一致以及行文逻辑的一致等。
名词 1 1 1 2 1 1 1 2 1 11
代词 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 7
形容词/副词 2 2 2 3 2 1 2 2 16
连接词 2 3 1 2 1 1 2 1 1 14
介词 1 1 2
时态/语态/主谓一致 1 2 1 1 1 2 9
非谓语动词 1 1 1 2 1 1 1 8
情态动词
特殊句式 1 1
数词 1 1
考点 2020 2019 2018 合计 命题特点
Ⅰ卷 Ⅱ卷 Ⅲ卷 Ⅰ卷 Ⅱ卷 Ⅲ卷 Ⅰ卷 Ⅱ卷 Ⅲ卷
多 词 、 缺 词 冠词 1 1 1 3
介词 2 1 1 1 5
代词 1 1
连接词 1 1 2
be动词 1 1
形容词/副词 1 1
不定式符号to 1 1 1 1 1 5
●掌握备考策略,优化备考策略
◆短文改错不是阅读,刷题不是良方。踏实复习语法知识,牢记基础词汇的用法和固定搭配,关注介词、冠词等小词。在基础知识不牢的情况下,避免做题过多,以免强化了错误的知识。
◆记思路和记知识同等重要。短文改错的命题特点、设题方式、改错原则、考点分布要熟记心中。对考生来说,难的是看不出错误在哪里,而不是看出错误而改不对。
◆变的是短文,不变的是考点。短文改错的考点是固定的,只是在不同的短文中以不同的形式考查,熟记考点,积累高频出错点,定期回顾复习。
◆培养朗读习惯,增强语感。熟读优秀习作,背诵其中的佳句、短语或者固定搭配,培养语感。
考查内容 命题重点
词 法 名词 单数与复数、可数与不可数、所有格
冠词 不定冠词、定冠词与零冠词
代词 主格与宾格、人称与物主、人称与反身、不定代词、关系代词
介词 介词用法、介词与其他单词的搭配
形容词 和副词 原级、比较级、最高级
动词 时态、语态、非谓语动词
词性误用 形容词与副词、形容词与名词、名词与动词
句法 连接词(并列连词、各种从句的连接词)、主谓一致、there be等特殊句式
行文逻辑 时态一致、指代一致、逻辑一致
◆熟知考查形式
短文改错10处错误中,考查错词、多词、缺词三种形式的错误。
类型 数量 设题点
错词 8个 名词、形容词、副词、连接词、时态、语态、主谓一致、代词、非谓语动词等
多词、缺词 2个 冠词、介词、代词、连接词、be动词、不定式符号等
短文改错的口诀：
Ⅲ. 短文改错命题原则—高考就考这些点
(词法,句法和行文逻辑)
请先念一遍
“咒语”吧！
动词形，名词数，
还要注意形和副;
代词格，需领悟。
非谓动词要记住 ，冠词连词常光顾;
习惯用法及介词， 逻辑错误全关注。
Last summer I take a part-time job in the International Camp for children.
Everyday he makes sure that fresh vegetables and high quality oil are using for cooking.
As we climbed the mountain，we fed monkeys，visiting temples and told stories.
My dream school look like a big garden.
took
used
visited
looks
8
一、动词形
1.动词时态和语态。2. 主谓一致。
错误设置主要包括以下两个方面
1. 可数名词与不可数名词的混用。
不可数名词有：
baggage/luggage. furniture. equipment. work
advice. attention. weather. fun. progress.
information. news.
二、名词数
When I was a young children, my father created a regular practice I remember well years later.
Mom has a full-time job, but she has to do most of the houseworks.
Don’t lose hearts, and you’ll be successful in time.
They have all sorts of course. I’m sure you will find one you like.
______
____
___
heart
child
housework
courses
____
三.还要注意形和副：
考查形容词和副词的误用、形容词及副词的原级或比较级等。
系动词后(am/is/are/was/were/become/smell/taste等) 或名词前用形容词。
副词修饰行为动词、形容词、过去分词及整个句子。
I’m sure we’ll have a wonderfully time together.
The bad meat smells terribly.
They were also the best and worse years in my life.
Instead，he hopes that his business will grow steady.
worst
wonderful
terrible
steadily
代词的错误特点：
人称代词主格和宾格的误用；
代词指代的误用(指代的人或事物前后不一致的错误和代词的单复数误用等)；
不定代词many, much, any, few, both, all, either, neither, none的误用；
反身代词的误用；
“it”一词的不当使用(包括用于从句中作形式主语或形式宾语)
12
四.代词格，需领悟：
If we go on a trip abroad，we can broaden your view and gain knowledge we cannot get from books.
Mr.and Mrs.Zhang all work in our school.
You may keep the books for several weeks so that you can have enough time to read it.
4.It does not cost many，yet we can still learn a lot.
our
both
them
much
五.非谓动词要记住
非谓语动词：现在分词、过去分词，不定式和动名词。
错误特点：1.谓语动词和非谓语动词的错用；
2.动词不定式和动名词的错用；
3.现在分词和过去分词的错用；
4.在并列结构中非谓语动词的误用。
改正策略：
1.纵观全句确定句中动词所作的句子成分。
2.系统掌握非谓语动词的句法功能。
14
I’m looking forward to hear from you soon.
The boss made them to work twelve hours a day.
After looks at the toy for some time, he turned
around and found his parents were missing.
looking
hearing
六.冠词连词常光顾：
命题特点及改正方法：
英语中冠词只有三个，只能从以下几个方向出题：
1.不定冠词a 和an 互改
2.不定冠词a 或an 和定冠词the互改；
3.根据需要增删冠词。
连词but， and， or 和so 常考用法错。which ，who 和that 引导定语从句； what,that,who,why 等引导名词性从句。
冠词的错用或冠词的缺失与多余
1. He has an unusual experience in an European university
a
2. (2016·全国卷Ⅱ) But in that case, we will learn
little about world.
∧
the
world是独一无二的事物，在world前加the。
3. Although she is clever， but she works very hard.
七.习惯用法及介词：
1 主要考查习惯搭配，其错误表现形式主要有三种：多词、少词和搭配错误。
2 介词涉及搭配错误，因此可从以下方面确定错误：
一些固定短语中介词的误用
及物动词之后介词的多用或不物动词之后介词的漏用
Now I am leaving home to college.
My uncle says that he never dreams becoming rich in a short period of time.
They have also bought for some gardening tools.
of
for
1. 定语从句引导词的错用与缺失
① In an autumn afternoon, we were sent to a farm which we learned to plant potatoes.
where
2. 名词性从句引导词的错用、缺失与多余
① (2016·全国卷Ⅰ) My uncle is the owner of a restaurant close to that I live.
where
八.逻辑错误须关注：
与句子的上、下文不一致，甚至相矛盾，属于逻辑性错误，如称谓上的张冠李戴。
Unluckily, he was the only one who finally got
the well-paid job.
2.There the air is fresh or the mountains are green.
3.If we stay at home, it is comfortable but there is no need to spend money.
Luckily
and
and
It was a sunny day today but I went to Xishan Park for a spring outing. The moment when I entered the park, a variety of beautiful flowers and green trees came into sight. Attracting by the beauty, I couldn’t help taking photos. As I wandered along the path, enjoying the beautiful view, I noticed anything unpleasant. Two schoolgirls jumped over the fence to pick flowers. Obviously they didn’t realize that their behavior has done great damage to beauty of the park. Without hesitation, I went up and stopped her politely. Feeling quite embarrassed, the two girls came out immediate. Then they took pictures inside the fence. Seeing that, I smiled and everything looked nicer in my eye.
4
My hobby is collecting stamps. I had stamps from many countries, like England, Canada, China and other countries. Yesterday, one of my favorite stamp was lost, this made me really upset. I looked for it anywhere and asked everybody in the room, but still I couldn’t find them. “Where could it have gone？” I thought to myself, “Maybe I should tell my teacher.” With my eyes filling with tears, I came in Mr. Li’s office. “Don’t be so worrying！” Mr.Li told me with a smile, “You must put it somewhere else. I am sure it will turn up soon.” At the last, I found it in my English book.
5
Insurance companies are normally willing to insure anything, but it must be unique to insure a dish. It was a unusual pie dish, for it was eighteen feet in long and six feet in width. They had been purchased by a local authority so that an enormous pie could baked for an annual fair. The pie committee decided that the best way to transport would be by a canal, so they insured it for the trip. Short after it was launched, the pie committee went to the local inn to celebrate.
In the same time, a number of teenager climbed on to the dish and held a little party of their own. Dancing proved to be more than the dish could bear but during the party it capsized (倾覆) and sink in seven feet of water.
6
My mother is a ordinary woman with extraordinary ability. Poor as my family is, but with my mother’s constant care and love, I feel warmly and happy. She always thinks of others first and never complains anything in her life, viewed life with an optimistic attitude. Also, she is a teacher with a good sense of humor and makes her students interest in English study. She shows great patient to those naughty ones, who also gives great comments on her in return. My mother always tries his best to deal with things perfectly. I hope I can be as good as my mother when I grow up. How a hero she is in my mind!
7
本课结束