北师大版（2019） 必修第三册 Unit 8 Green Living Lesson 3 "White Bikes" on the Road-Writing workshop 课件（32张

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A word is a microcosm of human consciousness. — Vygotsky
版本：新北师
单元：必修三 Unit 8 (LESSON 3 — READING CLUB 2)
本单元词汇梳理
1. parking park (v 停车) + ing
2. therefore 正式用语，日常用语中更常用so
近义词：thus, so
3. path 一词多义：基本义“小路”
隐喻：具体的“路”→ 抽象的“途径”
词块：the path to success (类似结构 way to, key to, solution to)
4. disappear dis- (否定前缀) + appear (v 出现)
派生词：disappearance
5. tracking track (v 跟踪) + ing
6. destination 词块：reach one’s destination, a holiday / tourist destination
7. resident 词块：rural / urban residents
8. official 同源词：office
词块：official languages
9. attitude 精准的汉语释义：态度
词块：a good / bad / positive / negative attitude towards / to sth
10. diagram 词源：dia (across, through 穿过) + gram (write, mark, draw 写、图、画) → 图表
11. percentage percent + -age
12. take part (in) 词块：take an active part in
13. packaging package + ing
14. plastic 词源义：形成的 / 可塑的，引申为塑料的
词块：plastic bags
15. honey 蜂蜜 → 亲爱的 (非正式用语)
16. butter 词块：bread and butter
17. yoghurt = yogurt, yoghourt
18. container contain (v 包含、容纳) + -er
19. majority major (adj 主要的) + -ity (名词后缀)
反义词：minority
词块：the majority of, be in the majority
20. air conditioning 相关词：air conditioner
21. sum 词块：a large / small sum of, to sum up
派生词：summary, summarise
22. indicate in (towards 向、对着) + dic (to say 说) + -ate (动词后缀) → 对着人说 → 指示
一词多义：基本义“指示；指出”，意为“指示；指出”时是正式用语，对应 point at / out
23. landfill land + fill
24. footwear foot + wear
25. annually annual (adj 每年的) + -ly
近义词：yearly, once a year
26. flooding flood + ing
27. overflow over + flow
重难点词精讲
path
一词多义
indicate
一词多义
正式用语&非正式用语
隐喻
attitude
精准的汉语释义
名词动词化
sum
一词多义
搭配义
path
a path 小路
a path to success
成功之路
path n [C]
小路；小径：
a winding path
路线：
The tornado destroyed everything in its path.
途径：
a path to success
At age 18, instead of following the traditional path of marriage like the majority of girls, Lin Qiaozhi chose to study medicine.
attitude
Attitude is everything.
态度决定一切。
韦恩·戴尔（Wayne W. Dyer），1940年5月10日出生于美国密歇根底特律，美国深受欢迎的自助导师，畅销书作家与演讲大师、世界级心理学大师、全球激励与成长之父，是自我实现领域的国际知名作家和演讲家。他出版过37本畅销书，制作了许多广播节目和电视录像，而且在数千个电视和广播节目中做过嘉宾访谈。韦恩的影响力在美国乃至世界上都是不容忽视的，被无数喜欢他著作的读者尊称为“精神之父”。
attitude to / toward(s):
We should develop a good attitude to life. 2008 辽宁书面表达
姿势：
He knelt in an attitude of prayer.
attitude n [C] & [U]
态度；看法：
have / take / adopt a positive attitude
Everything depends on people’s attitude. / Attitude is everything. 2014 江西书面表达改
sum
do a sum
做算术
sum
总和
sum n [C]
sum词源解读
sum来源于拉丁语super（上、超过）最高级派生的summus（最高的）。在一组数字里面,古罗马人喜欢从底向上计数,然后把总数放在顶部,所以 summus 不仅有“最高的”意思,还有“总的”意思。sum的词源义为“总数（total）”。
[常用单数] 总数；总和；全部：
The sum of two and two is four.
That is the sum of our experience.
算术：
do a sum in one’s head
金额：
a large / small sum of money
vi & vt
sum up 总结；概括：
His speech summed up the present situation of economy.
To sum up, for a healthy heart you must take regular exercise and stop smoking.
【温故】
summary（必修二U6）
■ adj 概括的；扼要的：
a summary account / explanation
■ n [C] 总结；摘要；概要：
in summary
Can you give me a quick summary of your research
summarise / summarize （必修二U6）
vi & vt 总结；概括；概述 (sum up) ：
To summarise, this is a clever approach to a common problem.
in (towards 向、对着) + dic (to say 说) + -ate (动词后缀) → 对着人说 → 指示
indicate vt
[正式用语] 指示；指出 to direct sb’s attention to sb / sth, especially by pointing：
The arrow on a sign indicates the way to go.
表明；显示 to show that sth is probably true or exists：
The study indicates a connection between poverty and crime.
示意；暗示 to say or do sth to make your wishes, intentions etc. clear：
In his letter, he indicated his willingness to cooperate.
He smiles and nods, indicating that everything is fine.
indication n [C] & [U] 迹象；表示；标示
基本义
Informal / Neutral Formal
因此 so
发生 happen
指出 point out
参加活动 join in / take part in an activity be / become / get in an activity
建立；创立 establish
要求 ask for
提出建议 make a suggestion put forward / make a
正式用语与非正式用语
“正式”和“非正式”的程度是相对而言的。通过正式与非正式用语可以建立词与词之间的联系，成组成串地学习词汇，提高学习效率。
therefore / thus
occur
indicate
involved
set up
request
proposal
词性转化
写出下列句子中画线词的汉语释义。
1. He drove at an average rate of 100 km/h and was rated number two in the competition. ___________
2. To sum up, they started their own business and made a great sum of money. ___________
3. Some illegal firms want to profit from the non-profit institute. ___________
4. Tree roots deeply rooting in the soil can cause damage to buildings. ___________
5. I used oil paints to paint a picture of the children. ___________
6. I’ve gained weight recently. The doctor advised me to do more exercise to help prevent weight gain. ___________
7. In China more than 90 percent of imported and exported goods are transported by sea transport. ___________
排名
获益
扎根
英语中有些名词可转化为动词，常表示具有该名词的活动特点或性质特征的动作。
总之
体重增加
绘画颜料
海上运输 / 海运
英语中有些动词可转化为名词，表示具有这一行为动作的人或事。
本单元隐喻典型词
单词 基本义 比喻义
path 小路 途径
foundation 地基 基础
balance （身体的）平衡 （抽象事物的）平衡
transport 运输 带到
root 根 根源
随堂检测
写出下列句子中画线部分的汉语释义。
1. A group of reporters blocked the actor’s path. _______
2. People who live near airports or under the flight path of aeroplanes often suffer from the noise. _______
3. You can change the path and name of any of the files you stored. _______
4. He climbed the winding path up the hill. _______
5. She saw a college degree as her path to success. _______
path
道路
飞行路线
路径
小路
途径
一、写出下列句子中画线部分的汉语释义。
1. I had to change my attitude about their ability and potential. (2018 天津)
_______
2. Happiness doesn’t depend on any external conditions. It is governed by our mental attitude. _______
3. Her hands were folded in an attitude of prayer. _______
二、将下列句子译成英语。
1. 态度决定一切。
_______________________________________________________
2. 你应该以积极的态度面对生活。(2009 江西改)
_______________________________________________________
attitude
Everything depends on people’s attitude. / Attitude is everything.
You should have / take / hold a positive attitude towards / to life.
看法
心态
姿势
sum
一、写出下列句子中画线部分的汉语释义。
1. I was good at sums when I was at school. ____________
2. The sum of 7 and 12 is 19. ____________ 3. This is the sum of my achievements so far. ____________
二、根据所给汉语，完成下列句子。
1. Bill wants to spend ____________________（一大笔钱）to buy a big house.
2. You should ____________________（总结）your argument in the final paragraph.
3. So, ________________________________（总之）, we need to organise our time better.
算术
总和
全部
a large sum of money
sum up
to sum up / in conclusion / to summarise
写出下列句子中画线部分的汉语释义。
1. Research indicates that eating habits are changing fast. ______
2. She took out a map and indicated the quickest route to us. ______
3. Ralph patted the sofa to indicate that she should join him. ______
4. Kingston-upon-Thames, as the name indicates, is situated on the banks of the Thames. ______
indicate
表明
指出
示意
正如其名称所示
随堂检测
一、写出下列句子中画线部分的汉语释义。
1. His bike is his only means of transport. __________
2. The bus’s function is to transport customers to and from the shopping mall.（2014 天津） __________
3. Blood transports oxygen around the body. __________
4. The goods were damaged during transport. __________
二、根据所给汉语完成句子。
1. Driverless cars may end up being a form of _________________（公共交通工具）rather than vehicles you own and fell on my face. （2017 天津)
2. The statue was __________________（运去）London.
交通工具
运送
输送
运输
transport
public transport
transported to
一、写出下列句子中画线部分的汉语释义。
1. Mothers should balance their time for work and rest.（2015 四川） __________
2. Researchers have found wolves and their prey（猎物）living in balance.（2010 江苏） __________
3. When do we need to pay the balance （2006 北京） __________
4. I thought she was going to fall, but she recovered her balance and carried on walking. __________
二、根据所给汉语完成句子。
1. I _____________________________（失去平衡）and fell on my face. （2015 湖北)
2. Be sure to __________________（保持平衡）and don’t let your body shake. （2014 辽宁）
平衡
平衡
余款
恢复 / 找回平衡
balance
lost my balance / was off balance
keep your balance
3. I’ve got _____________________（良好的平衡感）and learnt to ski
quite quickly.（2013 陕西）
4. Over the past two centuries, the Industrial Revolution has broken this ________________________________________（城市和农村间的平衡）.
（2013 北京）
三、写出下列句子中画线部分的汉语释义。
1. His wife’s death disturbed the balance of his mind. _______________
2. The question caught him off balance. _______________
3. He turned around, balancing awkwardly on one foot. _____________
4. His lack（缺乏）of experience was balanced by a willingness to learn. _____________
a good sense of balance
balance between the city and the country
使他心神不宁
使他不知所措 / 使他乱了方寸
站稳 / 站立
弥补
写出下列句子中画线部分的汉语释义。
1. A bird flew away so quickly that no one was able to shoot it.（2012 全国）
___________
2. There is space for our three boys to play outside, to shoot arrows, collect tree seeds, build earth houses and climb trees.（2012 四川） ___________
3. Usually new shoots can be picked from the plants about every ten or fifteen days. ___________
4. It was not until at the end of 19th century that shooting earned its status（地位）as a sport.（2008 广东改） ___________
5. A cat shot out into the road in front of him. ___________
6. Reporters were shooting questions at the candidates. ___________
新芽
射箭
射中
射击
shoot
猛地窜出来
向……发问
bother & bothered
写出下列句子中画线部分的汉语释义。
1. — I’ll go to the post office to mail this parcel to Ann.
— Why bother I’ll see her at dinner this evening. __________
2. — I’m afraid you have the wrong number.
— Sorry! I hope I didn’t bother you.（2013 辽宁） __________
3. Around two o’clock every night, Sue will start talking in her dream. It somewhat bothers us.（2013 湖南） __________
4. I couldn’t be bothered to clean the room today; I’ll do it tomorrow. __________
5. If a lot of people say a film is not good, I won’t bother to see it.（2011 上海） __________
6. Don’t bother your father about it now; he’s very tired. __________
不必麻烦
打扰
使烦恼
懒得打扫房间
懒得去看
别拿这事打扰你父亲
根据句意写出foundation的汉语释义。
1. She plans to start a foundation for homeless children and wants to build a community centre in Waterhouse.（2016 江苏）__________
2. Starting learning English from childhood will help students lay a firm foundation for their future English learning. ___________
3. Jackscrews（螺旋千斤顶）are used to separate the large, heavy structures from their foundations.（2015 湖南改） ___________
4. Since the foundation of New China, the development of the Chinese nation has entered a new era. ___________
foundation
地基
成立
基金会
基础
involve
一、写出下列句子中画线部分的汉语释义。
1. Students should involve themselves in community activities where they can gain experience for growth.（2014 福建） ___________
2. Michelle found a job as a high school teacher which involves spending quite a lot of time with students.（2013 福建） ___________
3. “Genius” is a complicated concept（复杂的概念）, involving many different factors.（2012 上海） ___________
4. The test will involve answering questions about a photo. ___________
参加
需要
涉及
包含
二、根据所给汉语，用适当的词块完成下列句子。
1. Parents should ______________________（参与）their child’s education.
2. More than 100 people ______________________ （参与）the project.
3. I was so ______________________ （全神贯注看书）that I didn’t hear you knock.
involve themselves in
were involved in
involved in my book
谢
谢
观
赏