北师大版（2019） 必修第二册 Unit 5 Humans and Nature （LESSON 3 Race to the Pole— READING CLUB 2） 词汇课件（30张）

(共30张PPT)
版本：新北师
单元：必修二 Unit 5 (LESSON 3 — READING CLUB 2)
单
词
课
堂
本单元词汇梳理
1. explorer explore + -er
2. preparation prepare + -ation；词块：in preparation for, make preparations for
3. captain 来自词根 cap (头)，词源同 chief
一词多义：基本义“领导者”
4. polar pole — polar
5. base 词块：base on / upon；派生词：based
6. anxiously anxious + -ly
7. break down break + down (来自break down)
8. ambition amb- (round 周围) + it (to go 走) + -ion (表示行为) → “四方奔走”→ 野心；雄心；抱负
派生词：ambitious
词块：ambition to do sth / ambition of doing sth
9. exploration explore + -ation
10. cheerful cheer + -ful (充满……的)
11. prove 词块：prove sth to sb, prove (to be) + adj / n
12. distant 来自distance；一词多义：基本义“遥远的”
13. honesty honest + -y (……的状况或性质)
词族：honest, honesty, honestly
14. sincerity 词族：sincere, sincerely, sincerity
15. bravery 来自brave
16. shelter 一词多义：基本义“提供保护的建筑”
词块：take shelter from；抽象名词具体化
名词动词化：shelter … from
17. aftershock after + shock
18. observe 由ob- (in front of, before 向前) + -servare (protect 保护) 构成。词源义是“保持”，也是基本义；同根词：preserve, reserve, conserve
observe是正式用语，对应 watch, see, notice
19. varied 词族：vary, variety, various, varied
20. scary 词族：scare, scared, scary
非正式用语 (对应 frightening)
21. harmless harm + -less (没有……的)
词族：harm, harmful, harmless
22. skiing ski + -ing
词块：go skiing
23. originality original + -ity
词族：origin, original, originality
24. disappearance disappear + -ance
词族：appear, appearance, disappear, disappearance
重难点词
精讲
break down
一词多义
熟词生义
搭配义
prove
搭配义
base
distant
一词多义
shelter
话题词汇
一词多义
observe
一词多义
抽象名词
n [C] 基部 (bottom)；基础；总部；基地：
Plants are the base of the food chain. 2012 四川改
He used the house as a base for his printing business.
revolutionary bases
vt 以……为基地；把基地设在……
base on / upon 以……为基础；以……为根据：
The book is based on a true story.
You’ll be able to choose a room based on your own personal tastes. 2010 全国
Basing an important decision more on emotion than on reason, you will regret it sooner or later. 2012 江苏
base
based adj
办公地点在……的；以……为总部的：
the US-based customer service 2012 福建
［构成复合词］……为基础的：
computer-based teaching
词汇拓展
看图猜词
break down
break down
（机器等）出故障；（身体等）垮掉；（情感等）失控：
On my way to the station my car broke down.
Her health broke down under the pressure of work.
He broke down as he thought of his failure to sell
all his newspapers. 2015 湖北
（谈判等）失败:
Talks between the two sides have broken down.
把……分成若干部分（以方便做或理解）:
Each lesson is broken down into several units.
打破；消除:
A smile can break down barriers.
使分解:
Decomposers break down dead animal and vegetable matter into nutrients
break down语义网络图
打碎、打破
break down
（基本义）
（机器等）出故障
（身体等）垮掉
“打碎、打破”健康
“打碎、打破”工作系统
（谈判等）失败
“打碎、打破”谈判等
“打碎、打破”一个整体
“打碎、打破” 隔阂
把……成若干部分（以方便做或理解）
打破；消除
（情感等）失控
“打碎、打破”情感
“打碎、打破” 物质
使分解
vt 证明；证实：
Riis believed that poverty caused crime, and he used photos to help him prove his point. 2008 陕西
① prove sth to sb:
Just give me a chance and I’ll prove it to you.
② prove sb / sth (to be) + adj / n:
They put me in prison, but, in the end, I was proved innocent.
He proved himself (to be) a better driver than the world champion.
prove v
注：表示向某人证明某事时应该用 prove sth to sb，而不能用 prove sb sth。
③ prove + (that) / wh- 从句：
Sarah wants to prove that she has brains as well as beauty. 2017 全国
The challenge proved how difficult it is to drive across a desert without guidance.
④ it is proved that:
It has been proved that eating vegetables in childhood helps to protect you against serious illnesses in later life.
⑤ prove oneself (to sb):
When I first started this job, I felt I had to prove myself.
［用作系动词］证明是；被发现是 (turn out)：
① prove + adj / n:
The book has proved very successful.
② prove to be sth:
He proved to be an honest friend.
distant
So the furthest distance in the world
is not in two distant trees.
It is the same rooted branches
but can’t depend on each other in the wind.
所以世界上最远的距离
不是树与树的距离
而是同根生长的树枝
却无法在风中相依
——出自《世界上最遥远的距离》
拉宾德拉纳特·泰戈尔(Rabindranath Tagore，1861—1941)，印度诗人、文学家。代表作有《飞鸟集》(Stray Birds)、《新月集》(The Crescent Moon)等。
distant adj
遥远的；远处的；久远的：
The time we spent together is now a distant memory.
These rocks proved that at one time in the distant past the Antarctic was covered by plants.
疏远的；冷淡的：
Pat sounded very cold and distant on the phone.
[只用于名词前] 远亲的 反 close：
He is my distant cousin / relative.
distant来源于distance (必修一 Unit 1)
distant 语义网络图
distant
遥远的
基本义
人和人之间关系“遥远的”
亲戚关系 / 血缘关系“遥远的”
距离、时间
“遥远的”
远亲的
遥远的；远处的；久远的
疏远的；冷淡的
shelter n
[C] 遮盖物；躲避处；避难所：
We should find a shelter from the wind.
Rescue workers built shelters for survivors whose homes had been destroyed.
[U] 居所；住处:
Food, clothing, fuel and shelter are the four most basic human needs.
2011 湖北改
[U] 保护；掩蔽；庇护：
find / take shelter from the rain
They were standing under the shelter of a huge tree.
vt 掩蔽；保护；
Graduation represents moving from the sheltered life of high school into the real world.
shelter ... from:
Trees were planted to shelter this area from strong sand storms.
vi 躲避；避难：
We sat in the shade, sheltering from the sun.
v（名词动词化）
shelter 语义网络图
掩蔽；保护
躲避；避难
保护；掩蔽；庇护
居所；住处
遮盖物；躲避处；避难所
具体到抽象
为人们提供长期遮风避雨的地方
为人们提供暂时的遮风避雨或避难的地方
提供保护的建筑物（基本义）
n
v
为……提供避难所
写出下列句子中画线部分的汉语释义，体会英汉表达差异。
1. Fighting world hunger continues to be the matter of great importance.（2013 湖北改） ____________
2. His act of great bravery should be an example to all of us.
____________
3. George is a young writer of great originality. ____________
4. People clean up their yards and gardens in preparation for the winter season. ____________
5. Last week she made an attempt to contact her mother. ____________
6. He spent two nights under close observation in hospital.
_____________
7. This law provides protection for endangered（濒危的）animals and plants. ____________
极其重要的
大无畏的 / 英勇的
极有创意的
为……作准备
尝试 / 试图
受到密切观察
保护
话题词汇
Natural
disasters
rescue
disaster area, etc.
drought, flood, hurricane, landslide, typhoon, volcanic eruption, volcano, wildfire, etc.
survival, survivor, victim（受害者）, etc.
consequence
danger, death, injury, loss, panic（恐慌）, suffering, etc.
burst, erupt, hit, shake, strike（突然袭击）, etc.
disaster
bury, damage, destroy, die, frighten, suffer, trap, etc.
dangerous, horrible, missing, powerful, terrible, etc.
escape, rebuild, recover, revive, etc.
shelter, etc.
随堂检测
一、写出下列句子中画线部分的汉语释义。
1. There was a bike path running along this side of the wall, right at its base. __________
2. The company has its base in New York, and branch（分支）offices all over the world. __________
二、根据所给提示，将下列句子译成英语。
这部电影以一个真实的故事为原型。(base v)
The film ___________________ a true story.
base
is based on / upon
底部
总部
break down
写出下列句子中画线部分的汉语释义。
1. Old-fashioned phones matter when wireless networks break down in disasters.（2013 福建） ____________________
2. News reports say peace talks between the two countries have broken down with no agreement reached. ____________________
3. To understand the grammar of the sentence, you must break it down into parts. ____________________
4. He broke down and cried when he heard the news. ____________________
5. The two countries are going to meet to break down some barriers to trade between them.（2014 天津） ____________________
出故障
失败 / 破裂
把……分成若干部分
情绪崩溃
消除
翻译下列句子。
1. 给我一个机会，我会证明给你看。
Just give me a chance and _______________________.
2. 事实证明了这本书非常成功。
_______________________________________
3. 经证实，童年时吃蔬菜有助于日后不生大病。
_________________________ eating vegetables in childhood
helps to protect you against serious illnesses in later life.
prove
I’ll prove it to you
The book has proved (to be) very successful / a great success.
It has been proved that
distant
写出下列句子中画线部分的汉语释义。
1. To many people, technology means computers or vehicles that travel to distant planets.（2019 天津改） ____________
2. I would like to have my own house in the distant future.
____________
3. After the quarrel（争吵）Sue remained cold and distant.
____________
4. Ashley’ s boyfriend is a distant relative of mine. ____________
5. Peace was just a distant hope in the past. ____________
6. The life in the countryside has became a distant memory.
____________
遥远的
遥远的将来
冷淡的
远亲
遥不可及的
遥远的回忆
一、英译汉。
1. to take shelter from the storm ______________________
2. food and shelter ______________________
3. a homeless shelter ______________________
二、汉译英。
1. 备受呵护的生活 ______________________
2. 动物收容所 ______________________
3. 在……的庇护下 ______________________
4. 躲避…… (n) ______________________
躲避暴风雨
under the shelter of
take shelter from
an sheltered life
食物和住处
无家可归者的收容所
an animal shelter
shelter
三、根据提示完成下列句子。
1. He is trying to __________________________（庇护他弟弟不受责备）. (v)
2. I was dressed heavily and _________________________（在寒风凛冽的天气里受到了很好的庇护）. (freezing and blowing)（2014 四川改）
3. He ____________________________（避雨）under a bridge.
shelter his brother from blame
well sheltered from the freezing and blowing weather
found / took shelter from the rain / sheltered from the rain
根据所给提示完成句子。
______________________（仔细观察）if any change
occurs when doing experiments in the lab.（2014 北京）
2. I wondered if I would have the time to tell Sam
_______________________（我所观察到的情况）（2010 重庆）
3. It is everybody’s duty ______________________
（遵守规则）to keep our society in order and going on the right track（2015 江苏）
4. With a joyful heart we_________________________
（庆祝国庆节）last month.
Observe carefully
what I had observed
observe
to observe the rules
observed our National Day
谢
谢
观
赏