北师大版（2019） 选择性必修第二册 Unit 5 Education (LESSON 3 Understanding— READING CLUB 2) 词汇课件（30张）

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A word is a microcosm of human consciousness. — Vygotsky
版本：新北师
单元：选择性必修二 Unit 5 (LESSON 3 — READING CLUB 2)
本单元词汇梳理
1. obvious 派生词：obviously
2. analysis ana (up, throughout 向上、始终) + lysis (a loosening 解开、松开) → 解开、松开 (问题) → 分析
词块：carry out / do an analysis of
派生词：analyse
3. rank 一词多义，基本义“排、行”
名词动词化：rank … as, rank first
派生词：ranking
4. inefficient in- (not) + efficient (adj 有效率的)
5. worthy worth (n 价值) + -y (充满……的) → worthy
词块：(be) worthy of sth, (be) worthy to do sth, a worthy cause
6. church 词块：go to church
7. universe uni- (one 一) + verse (to turn 转) → 转为一体的 → 宇宙
用法：与 the 连用；派生词：universal
8. BCE BCE 是美式英语，BC是英式英语。
拓展：AD (BrE) / CE (AmE)
9. approve ap- (to 去) + prove (to test 验证) → 去验证某人 / 物是好的 → 赞成、赞同
词块：approve of
派生词：approval, approving, disapprove
10. urge 一词多义，基本义为“驱赶”
词块：urge sb to do sth, urge that sb (should) do sth; reduce / resist / fight the urge to do sth
11. prison 词块：(put sb) in prison；派生词：prisoner
12. abandon 一词多义，基本义“放弃”；派生词：abandoned
13. assumption 构词：assume — assumption
14. wisdom wise (adj 有智慧的) + -dom (表示状况或状态)
15. owe 一词多义，基本义“应偿还”
词块：owe sb sth / owe sth to sb
16. shadow shad- = shade，表示“阴影，暗影”
词块：cast a shadow over / on, in the shadow(s)
17. kingdom king + -dom (表示领域)；词块：the United Kingdom
18. civilisation civil (国家的、国民的) + -ise (使……化) + -ation
19. vital vit (life 生命) + -al (……的) → 生命攸关的 → 至关重要的
词块：it is vital (for sb) to do sth, be of vital importance
20. beneficial bene- (good 好的) + fic (to do 做) + -ial (形容词后缀) →
做好事的 → 有益的；词块：be beneficial to / for
21. mankind 合成词：man + kind → 人的种类 → 人类
22. entitle en- (on, upon 在……上) + title (n 标题) → 给……加上标题 → 给……命名
常用于被动语态；词块：be entitled to (do) sth
23. imply im- (in 入、向内) + ply (to fold 折叠) → 折入其中，隐含于其中 → 暗示；暗指
24. routine route (path 路线) + -ine (形容词后缀)，引申为常规的、日常的；词块：daily routine
25. motion mot (to move 移动) + -ion (名词后缀)
同根词：promote, emotion, remote
词块：go through the motions, in motion, set / put sth in motion
26. overall over (从头至尾) + all (全部)
27. timetable 合成词：time + table
在英式英语中，timetable指时间表、时刻表，schedule指工作计划、日程安排。在美式英语中，工作计划、 日程安排、时间表、时刻表都用schedule。
28. facility 常用复数
29. philosophy philo- (loving 爱) + sophy (knowledge, wisdom 智慧)
派生词：philosopher
30. restrict 词块：restrict … to …
派生词：restriction
31. arrange 一词多义，基本义“排列”
词块：arrange (for sb) to do sth
派生词：arrangement
重难点词精讲
rank
一词多义
abandon
一词多义
精准的汉语释义
worth &worthy
搭配义
shadow
urge
一词多义
搭配义
owe
一词多义
approve
辨析义
一词多义
辨析义
vital
arrange & arrangement
英语释义
一词多义
英语释义
词源解读：rank 的词源义和基本义是“排、行” (row, line)。
■ n
[U] & [C] 等级；地位；军衔：
a painter of the first rank
a man of rank
hold the rank of captain
[C] 行；列；[the ranks]（团体或组织的）成员：
That summer I was fired and joined the ranks of the unemployed.
rank
某个领域、社会、军队中的“排、行”
团体或组织中的一“排”或一“行”人
人或事物的“排、行”
■ v（名词动词化）
vt［常用于被动语态］排列；使排成行：
His books were ranked tidily on the bookshelf.
vt & vi［不用于进行时］把……分等级；属于某等级：
They rank Lang Lang as a first-class pianist.
— How do you behave at school
— Very well. I rank high in my class.
【词汇拓展】
ranking n [C] 名次；排名
rank 语义网络图
人或事物的排、行
行；列
（团体或组织的）成员
排列；
使排成行
v
团体或组织中的一排或一行人
某个领域、社会、军队中的排、行
等级；地位；军衔
n
把……分等级；属于某等级
排、行
rank n
（基本义）
worth & worthy
A bird in the hand is worth two in the bush.
Whatever is worth doing is worth doing well.
The world is a fine place and worth fighting for.
——Hemingway
No man or woman is worth your tears, and the one who is, won’t make you cry.
worth
■ adj［不用于名词前］
值……的；相当于 / 具有……价值的：
be worth sth:
The old stamp is worth about 5,000 yuan.
How much is the land worth
值得：
① (be) worth sth:
Although it takes us an hour a day to exercise, it is well worth it.
② (be) worth doing:
Good opinions are worth sticking to because they can benefit us all. 2015 浙江
③ it is worth doing sth:
It is worth visiting the art museum.
■ n [U] 价值：
millions of pounds’ worth of damage
worthy adj
［只用于名词前］［正式用语］值得敬重的：
a worthy cause
a worthy champion
［不用于名词前］值得的：
① (be) worthy of sth:
She is a teacher who is worthy of respect.
He insisted that the problem worthy of attention be discussed at the meeting. 2010 湖北改
② (be) worthy to do sth:
She is worthy to receive such honor.
The young man is worthy to be taught.
worth + -y（充满……的）→ worthy
“The spirit of our team is not simply about winning the championship, but to give our best even when we are facing defeat. It’s about rising up against all obstacles and continuing with perseverance and passion. The long journey to success will be bumpy and full of obstacles, but the finish line will be worth the fight.” — Lang Ping
The finish line will be worth the fight!
As a volleyball player, Lang Ping brought honour and glory to her country. As a coach, she led the China women’s volleyball team to medals at world championships and the Olympics. She has devoted all her life to the worthwhile cause. She is worthy of our great respect.
approve
approve v
vi 赞成；赞同 反 disapprove：
I approve of you / your trying to make some money, but please don’t neglect your studies.
vt 批准；认可 to officially accept a plan, proposal, etc.：
We would be pleased if you would approve our proposal.
The Ministry of Education approved a new policy today.
approving adj 赞许的；赞成的 反 disapproving
词源解读：ap- (to 去) + prove (to test 验证) → 去验证某人 / 物是好的 → 赞成；赞同
【温故】选必一U1
approval n [C] & [U] 赞成；同意 反 disapproval；批准：
He nodded in approval.
The government gave approval to the project.
I hope my suggestions will meet with your approval.
【词汇拓展】 disapprove v 反 approve
vi 不赞同；反对：
I strongly disapprove of diets; it’s better to eat sensibly.
vt［正式用语］不批准；不同意
disapproval n [U] 不赞同；反对 反 approval
disapproving adj 不赞同的；表示反对的 反 approving
approve, agree, accept
析
辨
approve 指“批准 / 正式通过（计划；建议等）”，侧重对认为正确或满意的事表示“赞同”或“批准”。作不及物动词时意为“赞成”“同意”，常与of连用。
Our village committee approved the plan of putting off the sports meeting due to the bad weather.
agree 指多方面达成一致意见,暗含先有分歧,经协商或讨论后取得共识。
My father agreed to buy a bike for me as a birthday present.
accept 指同意、接受、认可。
He accepted our suggestion.
urge
我们每天都需要去卫生间，那么“急需去卫生间”怎么表达呢？可借用urge的名词来帮忙：the urge to pee (尿急)。
urge vt
[正式用语] 驱策；驱赶：
I urged the elephant deeper into the forest. 2014 重庆
催促；力劝 to advise or try hard to persuade sb to do sth：
① urge sb to do sth:
At first, people approved of his studies and urged him to continue.
北师大新选必② – 5
② urge + that ... (should) do sth:
He urged that we (should) take such steps.
urge 词源义：“推、驱动”(to press hard, drive)，基本义为“驱赶”
urge
大力推荐；极力主张 to recommend sth strongly：
The situation is dangerous and the UN is urging caution.
n [C] 强烈的欲望；迫切的需要 (desire)：
urge to do sth:
Having enough fat and salt in your meals will reduce the urge to snack between meals. 2017 全国
【温故】选必一U3
urgent adj 急迫的；迫切的；紧急的：
I was in urgent need of money.
Every minute of the day is filled with urgent matters.
urge 语义网络图
驱赶
urge v
基本义
“驱赶”动物等
“驱赶”某人做某事
极力把某事物“驱赶”给别人
驱策；驱赶
催促；力劝
大力推荐；极力主张
程度递进
强烈的欲望； 迫切的需要
n
v
abandon
abandon的词源义及基本义为“放弃 (to give up)”。 abandon 的精准的汉语释义“弃” 。
abandon 语义网络图
放弃
abandon
基本义
放弃做某事；放弃信念等
不顾义务、责任等放弃人或动物
不得已而放弃某地或某交通工具
放弃
遗弃
离弃
abandon vt 句中学
1. Even in his darkest moments, Beethoven never abandoned hope. 译林新选必① – 2
2. People find all sorts of excuses for abandoning an animal. 2010 北京
3. Snow forced many drivers to abandon their vehicles.
4. Fearing further attacks, most of the population had abandoned the city.
放弃
遗弃
离弃
离弃
【词汇拓展】（分词形容词）
abandoned adj 被遗弃的；被离弃的；废弃的：
A shared bike is left abandoned at a bus stop.
It is to books that I owe everything that is good in me．
— Gorky
我身上所有优秀的品质都要归功于书籍。
——高尔基
owe
马克西姆·高尔基（Maxim Gorky，1868 —1936），前苏联作家、诗人、评论家、政论家、学者。是社会主义、现实主义文学奠基人，苏联文学的创始人。高尔基自传体三部曲为《童年》《在人间》《我的大学》。他的代表作还有长篇小说《母亲》和剧本《小市民》等。他被授予列宁勋章，成为苏联共产党中央委员会成员。他的诞生地被改名为高尔基市。
owe vt
欠（债） ：
owe sb sth (for sth) / owe sth to sb (for sth):
She still owes her father $5,000. / She still owes $5,000 to her father.
How much do I owe you for lunch 2008 天津
应给予：
owe sb sth / owe sth to sb:
I owe him an apology. / I owe an apology to him.
owe的词源义是“to have, own”，引申为“用拥有的去支付或偿还”。其基本义为“应偿还”。
owe 词源解读
应该把……归功于：
owe sth to sth:
He owes his good health to his regular life.
These early settlers owed their survival to hard work and determination to succeed.
owing to 因为；由于 (because of)：
Owing to bad weather, the flight was delayed for
a couple of hours. 2012 上海
owe 语义网络图
应偿还
owe
（基本义）
“应偿还”金钱
“应偿还”解释或歉意等
欠（债）
应给予
“应偿还”事情发生的原因
应该把……归功于
谢
谢
观
赏