北师大版（2019） 选择性必修第四册 Unit 12 Innovation Writing workshop- Reading Club 2 单词课件-（26张）

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A word is a microcosm of human consciousness. — Vygotsky
版本：新北师
单元：选择性必修四 Unit 12 (WRITING WORKSHOP — READING CLUB 2)
本单元词汇梳理
1. steam 名词动词化：散发蒸汽；蒸（食物）
词块：steam engine, let off steam (非正式用语)
派生词：steamer
2. boil 词块：boiled / boiling water, boil down to sth, boil over
3. improvement improve (v 改善) + -ment (名词后缀)
词块：a great improvement on / in / to sth
4. revolution revolution 是 revolve 的名词形式
类似构词：solve & solution, *evolve & *evolution,
resolve & resolution
词块：the Industrial Revolution
派生词：revolutionary
5. availability available (adj 可得到的) + -ity (名词后缀)
6. fibre 英式英语是 fibre，美式英语是 fiber
词块：bamboo fibre
7. explode ex- (out 出去) + plod (鼓掌、欢呼) + -e (动词后缀)
古希腊人和古罗马人在观看戏剧时，会毫不掩饰地当场表达自己的喜爱或反感情绪。他们通过掌声和喝彩声表达喜爱和赞赏；而不喜欢演员的表演时，人们会通过嘘声、倒彩声以及其他各种噪声来表达反感，直到将演员轰下台为止。explode 的本义就是“通过噪声把演员轰下台”。后来， explode 的词义慢慢演变为“突然而又大声地爆发、爆炸”。
词块：explode a bomb, explode with anger
词族：explode, explosion, explosive
8. mass 基本义：大量
词块：a mass of / masses of, mass production / extinctions,
mass media
9. sailor sail (v 航行) + -or (……的人)；词族：sail, sailing, sailor
10. regulate regul (rule 规则) + -ate (动词后缀)
同根词：regular；派生词：regulation
11. illustrate 辨析 illustrate 和 describe：illustrate 即通过示例、图画等来说明、解释；describe 即通过细节来描述、形容某人或某物。
词块：to illustrate one’s point
派生词：illustration, illustrator
12. mechanical mechanic + -al (形容词后缀)；同源词：machine
词块：a mechanical device / toy / clock, mechanical engineering
13. preserve pre- (before 前、先) + serve (to keep safe, protect 保持
安全) → 提前保持某物的安全 → 保护、保存
词块：preserve meat
派生词：preservation
14. specifically specific (adj 特定的) + -al (形容词后缀) + -ly (副词后缀)
15. accurate ac- (to 去) + cur (to take care of 关心、注意) + -ate (形容词后缀) → 再三注意的 → 精确的
同根词：cure, secure, curious；反义词：inaccurate
词族：accurate, accurately, accuracy, inaccurate, inaccurately, inaccuracy
16. electric 词块：the electric powered elevator, an electric iron / fan / light
/ kettle / car
词族：electric, electrical, electrically, electrician, electricity
重难点词精讲
improve & improvement
搭配义
explode
词源
一词多义
boil
一词多义
electric
词族
preserve
熟词生义
boil
a watched pot never boils 心急水不开；心急吃不了热豆腐
看图学词
boil
■ v
vt & vi（使）沸腾；煮沸；煮：
课文改One day when James Watt was 12 years old, he was sitting in his family kitchen watching a kettle boiling water.
boiled / boiling water
Water boils at 100℃.
boil the porridge 2021 新高考
vi 发怒；发火：
His rudeness made her boil with anger.
boil down to 归结为：
It boils down to this: I was born with an enormous amount of drive and determination. 北师大新选必① - 2
boil over 煮沸而溢出；发怒；失去控制：
The porridge boiled over and put out the fire. 2021 新高考
■ n［常用单数］沸腾
improve & improvement
我们都需要可以给我们提意见的人，这样我们才会进步。
——比尔·盖茨
improve the environment
His health is improving.
We had better ask our teachers or classmates for advice on how to improve our writing. 2009 福建
improve on / upon 对……做出改进；做得比……更好：
Lily has scored 98 in the maths test, and I don’t think anyone will improve on that.
improvement n [U] & [C] 改良；改善；改进处：
a great improvement on / in / to sth
improve
vt & vi 改善；提高：
improve + -ment (名词后缀)
explode
古希腊人和古罗马人在观看戏剧时，会毫不掩饰地当场表达自己的喜爱或反感情绪。他们通过掌声和喝彩声表达喜爱和赞赏；而不喜欢演员的表演时，人们会通过嘘声、倒彩声以及其他各种噪声来表达反感，直到将演员轰下台为止。explode 的本义就是“通过噪声把演员轰下台”。后来，explode 的词义慢慢演变为“突然而又大声地爆发、爆炸”。
词源故事
构词：ex-（out 出去）+ plod（鼓掌、欢呼）+ -e （动词后缀）
explode v
vt & vi（使）爆炸 (blow up) ：
explode a bomb
The firework exploded in his hand.
vi（感情、暴力事件）爆发；激增：
explode with anger
Florida’s population exploded after World War Ⅱ.
（使）炸弹、爆竹等“爆炸”
感情、暴力事件“爆炸”
数字“爆炸”
【词汇拓展】
explosion n
[C] & [U] 爆炸（声）：
The explosion was caused by a burst gas pipe.
[C]（感情）爆发； 激增：
a population explosion
explosive adj
易爆炸的；（可能）引起爆炸的：
an explosive device (= a bomb)
［常用于名词前］爆炸（式）的；（声音）爆发的：
the explosive force of volcanoes
explode + -sion（名词后缀）
explode + -sive（形容词后缀）
explode 语义网络图
数字“爆炸”
（使）炸弹、爆竹等“爆炸”
感情、暴力事件“爆炸”
（使）爆炸
（感情、暴力事件）爆发
激增
explosion
explode
爆炸（声）
（感情）爆发
激增
explode
（使）爆炸
基本义
preserve
构词：pre-（before 前、先）+ serve（to keep safe, protect 保持安全）→ 提前保持某物的安全 → 保护；保存
同根词：
observe：ob-（in front of, before）+ serve（to keep safe, protect）
reserve：re-（back）+ serve（to keep safe, protect）
conserve：con-（表示强调）+ serve（to keep safe, protect）
preserve
■ vt
维护；保护 to stop sth from being harmed, damaged, or destroyed：
We will do everything to preserve peace.
We all share a joint responsibility to protect and preserve heritage sites, not just for ourselves, but for future generations. 译林新选必③ – 4改
［常用于被动语态］维持……的原状；保存；保养 to keep sth in its original state in good condition：
The Forbidden City is the largest and best preserved collection of ancient buildings in China. 2009 福建改
a well-preserved woman of eighty
贮存；保鲜 to store food for a long time after treating it so that it will
not go bad：
课文 Thousands of years ago, people realised that they could preserve meat by burying it in snow.
■ n [C]（野生动植物的）保护区 (BrE reserve)；［常用复数］果酱；腌菜：
homemade fruit preserves
【温故】
preservation n [U] 保护；保存：
Conseil had to keep me up, and our preservation depended on him alone. 北师大新选必③ - 8
In wilderness is the preservation of the world. —— 梭罗 / 2012 北京
选必三 Unit 8
electrical adj 电气科学的；与（用）电有关的 of or about electricity：
electrical engineering
It’s OK to leave an electrical appliance on so long as you are using it — if not, turn it off!
electricity n [U] 电；电学；电流：
cut off electricity
make / produce / generate electricity
turn on / off electricity
温故
选必二 Unit 4
必修三 Unit 8
electric adj
［常用于名词前］电的；电动的；用电的 producing or using electricity：
课文 In 1880, German inventor, Werner von Siemens, introduced the first electric powered elevator.
an electric iron / fan / light / kettle / car
令人激动的 very exciting：
The atmosphere here is electric.
同族词: electric, electrical, electrically, electrician, electricity
知新
本单元金句汇总
1. It boils down to this: I was born with an enormous amount of drive and determination. 北师大新选必① - 2
2. We had better ask our teachers or classmates for advice on how to improve our writing. 2009 福建
3. We all share a joint responsibility to protect and preserve heritage sites, not just for ourselves, but for future generations. 译林新选必③ – 4改
4. The Forbidden City is the largest and best preserved collection of ancient buildings in China. 2009 福建改
随堂检测
一、写出下列句子中画线部分的汉语释义。
1. Bring three cups of water to boil, add mix, simmer（用文火炖）three minutes, remove from heat, let stand five minutes.（2017 天津）
___________
2. In the end, what it all boils down to is money, or the lack of it.
___________
3. His rudeness made me boil with anger. ___________
二、在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
1. 100℃ is the temperature ____________ which water will boil. （2012 全国）
2. Put the noodles into plenty of ____________ (boil) salted water.
煮沸
boil
at
boiling
归结为
怒不可遏
翻译下列句子。
1. 他在学校的表现进步很大。（improve）
________________________________________________________
2. 我们相信，通过我们进一步的努力环境将会得到改善。（improve）
________________________________________________________
3. 我已经很努力来提高英语水平。（improve）
_________________________________________________________
4. 从现在起，你会看到我的工作会有真正的进步。（2013 浙江改）（improvement）
_________________________________________________________
His performance at school has greatly improved.
We are confident that the environment will be improved by our further efforts.
I’ve tried very hard to improve my English.
improve & improvement
You will see a real improvement in my work from now on.
一、写出下列句子中画线部分的汉语释义。
1. A bomb exploded at one of London’s busiest railway stations this morning. ___________
2. The population has exploded in the last ten years. ___________
3. He told a joke which made Hank explode with laughter. ___________
二、在空白处填入括号内单词的正确形式。
1. The ____________ (explode) had left a hole more than forty miles across — much too huge to be seen from anywhere at ground level.（2019 江苏）
2. These are volcanoes so ____________ (explode) that they burst open in a single big crack, leaving behind a vast hole, the caldera（破火山口）.
（2019 江苏）
爆炸
激增
大笑起来
explode
explosion
explosive
谢
谢
观
赏