译林版（2020） 选择性必修第一册 Unit 1 Food Matters The universal language. Words 课件(共247张PPT)

(共247张PPT)
牛津译林版高中英语选择性必修一课件
Unit 2 The universal language
Words
1. Austrian [ stri n]
1)adj. 奥地利的；奥地利人的；奥地利文化的;
2)n.奥地利人
Austria [' str ] n. 奥地利;
Australia [ stre li ] n. 澳大利亚，澳洲; 澳元;
Australian| stre li n; : stre -|
澳大利亚的;澳大利亚人
2. composer|k m p z (r); 美 - po z-| n.（尤指古典音乐的）创作者；作曲者；作曲家
composition| k mp z n; 美 kɑ:m-| n.
A. [U] 成分；构成；组合方式
B. [C] （音乐、艺术、诗歌的）作品
C. [U] 作曲；创作
D. [U] 作曲艺术
E. [C] 作文；小论文
F.[U](美术) （绘画、摄影的）构图
3. symphony| s mf ni| n.(pl. -ies)
交响乐；交响曲
symphonic|s m f n k; 美 - fɑ:n-|adj.
4. concerto|k n t :t ; 美 - t :rto | (pl. –os) 协奏曲
concert| k ns t; 美 kɑ:ns rt| n.
音乐会；演奏会
in concert with sb/sth
(formal) 与…合作（或同心协力）
5. Polish [ p l ] adj. 波兰的; 与波兰有关的; 波兰人的; 波兰语的;
polish| p l ; 美 pɑ:l-|
1)v.
A. ~ sth (up) (with sth) 擦光；磨光
Polish shoes regularly to protect the leather.要经常擦鞋，以保护皮革。
He polished his glasses with a handkerchief.他用手绢揩拭眼镜。
B. vt. ~ sth (up) 修改；润饰；润色
The statement was carefully polished and checked before release.这项声明是经仔细润色检查后才发表的。
polish sth off (informal) 很快做完；（尤指）迅速吃光
He polished off the remains of the apple pie.
他把剩下的苹果派赶快吃完。
2)n.
A. 擦光剂；上光剂； 亮光剂
B.[单数] 抛光；上光；擦亮
I give it a polish now and again.
我不时把它擦亮。
C. [单数] 擦光的面；打磨光亮的面
D. [U] （表演的）完美，娴熟，精湛
E. [U] 文雅；优雅；品味；礼貌
6. compose|k m p z; 美 - po z| v.
A. vt.[无被动态] (不用于进行时) (formal) 组成，构成（一个整体）,=make up
Ten men compose the committee.
委员会由十人组成。
B. 作曲；创作（音乐）
Mozart composed his last opera shortly before he died.莫扎特在创作出他最后一部歌剧后不久便去世了。
C. vt. ~ a letter/speech/poem 撰写（信函、讲稿、诗歌等）
She composed a letter of protest.
她写了一封抗议信。
D. vt.[无被动态](formal) 使镇静；使平静
Emma frowned, making an effort to compose herself .
埃玛皱起了眉头，努力使自己镇定下来。
I was so confused that I could hardly compose my thoughts.
我心烦意乱，难以镇定思绪。
composed|k m p zd; 美 - po zd|adj.
A. be composed of sth 由…组成（或构成）的
The committee is composed mainly of lawyers.委员会主要由律师组成。
B. [名词前不常用] 镇静；镇定；平静
She seemed outwardly composed.
她表面上好像很镇静。
composure|k m p (r); 美 - po -|
[U] 沉着；镇静；镇定
to keep/lose/recover/regain your composure保持 / 失去 / 恢复镇静
7. deserve|d z :v; 美 d z :rv| vt.
(不用于进行时) 值得；应得；应受
You deserve a rest after all that hard work.
辛苦劳累那么久，你该休息一下了。
The report deserves careful consideration.
这报告应该给予认真考虑。
One player in particular deserves a mention.有一名运动员特别值得表扬。
What have I done to deserve this
我做了什么事应该得到这种待遇呢？
[动词 + 带to的不定式]
They didn't deserve to win.
他们不该赢。
He deserves to be locked up for ever for what he did.
他做了这样的事，应该终身监禁。
sb deserves a medal
(informal) （用以夸奖某人完成了艰巨任务）应给某人授勋
get what you deserve | deserve all/everything you get
(informal) 罪有应得
8. tear sb apart
A.使（关系密切的人）分离，分开
War and revolution have torn families apart.
战争和革命导致许多家庭妻离子散。
B. 使不快；使担心,=rip sb apart
It tears me apart to think I might have hurt her feelings.一想到我可能伤害了她的感情，我就感到痛心。
tear sth apart
A. 撕毁；撕碎
The dogs tore the fox apart.
几条狗把那只狐狸撕成了碎片。
B. 使四分五裂；使分崩离析
C. 把（某处）翻得凌乱不堪
They tore the room apart, looking for money.他们为了找钱，把房间翻得乱七八糟。
9. pleasant| pleznt| adj. (pleasanter, pleasantest)
A. 令人愉快的；可喜的；宜人的；吸引人的
What a pleasant surprise!
这真是一桩令人又惊又喜的事！
to live in pleasant surroundings
生活在宜人的环境中
It was pleasant to be alone again.
又只剩下一个人了，真自在。
B. ~ (to sb) 友好的；和善的；文雅的
a pleasant smile/voice/manner
和蔼可亲的笑容 / 声音 / 态度
Please try to be pleasant to our guests.
请对我们的客人尽量客气点。
unpleasant令人不快的；不舒服的;不和蔼的；不客气的；不礼貌的
pleasantly adv.
I was pleasantly surprised by my exam results.我的考试成绩真让我喜出望外。
‘Can I help you ’ he asked pleasantly.
“需要帮忙吗？”他和悦地说。
pleasantness[U]
She remembered the pleasantness of the evening.
她对那个愉快的夜晚记忆犹新。
10. whisper | w sp (r)|
1)v.
A. 耳语；低语；私语；小声说,=murmur
Don't you know it's rude to whisper
难道你不知道窃窃私语是不礼貌的吗？
What are you two whispering about
你们两人在低声说些什么？
‘Can you meet me tonight ’ he whispered.
“你今晚能和我见面吗？”他小声问。
She leaned over and whispered something in his ear.
她探过身去附耳跟他说了些什么。
He whispered to me that he was afraid.
他低声对我说他害怕。
B. [常用被动态] 私下说；秘密告诉；悄声暗示
It was whispered that he would soon die and he did.有人私下说他将不久于人世，他果然死了。
C. vi.(literary) (叶子、风等) 沙沙作响；发飒飒声
2) n.
A. 耳语（声）；低语（声）；私语（声）,=murmur
They spoke in whispers .他们在交头接耳。
Her voice dropped to a whisper.
她压低声音小声说话。
B. ( also whispering) (literary) 轻柔的声音,=murmur
I could hear the whispering of the sea.
我听见大海在轻声诉说。
C. 传言；谣传,=rumour
I've heard whispers that he's leaving.
我听人传说他要走。
11. dramatic |dr m t k| adj.
A. (变化、事情等) 突然的；巨大的；令人吃惊的
a dramatic increase/fall/change/improvement
暴涨；暴跌；巨变；巨大的改进
dramatic results/ developments/ news出人意料的结果；突飞猛进的发展；令人吃惊的消息
The announcement had a dramatic effect on house prices.这项公告对房屋价格产生了巨大的影响。
B. 激动人心的；引人注目的；给人印象深刻的
a dramatic victory激动人心的胜利
C. [常用于名词前] 戏剧的；有关戏剧的；戏剧学的
D. 戏剧性的；戏剧般的；夸张做作的
Don’t be so dramatic!别那么夸张做作！
dramatically|-kli|adv.
Prices have fallen dramatically.
价格突然暴跌。
Events could have developed in a dramatically different way.
事情本来可以发展成另一种样子。
‘At last! ’ she cried dramatically.
“终于成功了！”她激动地叫起来。
drama | drɑ:m | n.
A.[C] 戏；剧
B. [U] 戏剧文学；戏剧艺术；戏剧
C. [C] 戏剧性事件；戏剧性情节
D. [U] 激动；兴奋；刺激
You couldn't help being thrilled by the drama of the situation.你不禁为这充满激情的场面激动不已。
make a drama out of sth
小题大做；大惊小怪
12. weep |wi:p|
1)v. (wept, wept |wept|)
A. ~ (for/with sth) | ~ (at/over sth) (formal,or literary) （通常因悲伤）哭泣，流泪
She started to weep uncontrollably.
她不由自主地哭了起来。
He wept for joy.他高兴得流泪了。
I do not weep over his death.
他死了我也不哭。
I could have wept thinking about what I'd missed.
想到所失去的东西，我真想痛哭一场。
She wept bitter tears of disappointment.她失望得痛哭流涕。
[动词 + 带to的不定式]
I wept to see him looking so sick.
看到他病成那个样子我怆然泪下。
B. vi. (通常用于进行时) (伤口) 流出，渗出（液体）
2)n. [单数] 哭泣；落泪
Sometimes you feel better for a good weep.有时候你痛痛快快哭上一场就会觉得好受些。
13. overcome | v k m; 美 o v r k m| vt. (overcame |- ke m|, overcome)
A. 克服；解决
She overcame injury to win the Olympic gold medal.她战胜了伤痛，赢得了奥运会金牌。
The two parties managed to overcome their differences on the issue.两个政党设法弥合了在这个问题上的分歧。
B. 战胜
In the final game Sweden easily overcame France.
在决赛中，瑞典队轻松战胜了法国队。
C. [常用被动态] 受到…的极大影响,=overwhelm
Her parents were overcome with grief at the funeral.
在葬礼上她的父母悲痛欲绝。
The night before the test I was overcome by fear and despair. 考试前的晚上，恐惧和绝望让我内心无比惊慌。
14. sorrow| s r ; 美 sɑ:ro ; s :-|
1)n.
A. [U] ~ (at/for/over sth) 悲伤；悲痛；悲哀,=grief
They said that the decision was made more in sorrow than in anger .他们说作出这个决定，与其说是出于气愤，不如说是出于悲伤。
He expressed his sorrow at the news of her death.听到她的死讯，他表示哀伤。
Overcome with sorrow, she jumps into his grave.
不胜伤悲，她跳进了梁山伯的坟墓。
B. [C] 伤心事；悲伤事；不幸
the joys and sorrows of childhood
童年的欢乐和悲伤
2)vi.(literary) 感到（或表示）悲伤
the sorrowing relatives悲伤的亲属
sorrowful | s r fl; 美 sɑ:ro -; s :-| adj. (literary) 悲伤的；悲痛的；悲哀的
her sorrowful eyes她那悲伤的眼睛
sorrowfully|-f li|adv.
15. grave|gre v|
1)n.
A. 坟墓；墓穴；坟头
We visited Grandma's grave.
我们给祖母扫了墓。
B. [单数] (often the grave) (usually literary) 死亡；去世；逝世
Is there life beyond the grave (= life after death) 人死后有来生吗？
He followed her to the grave (= died soon after her) .
他紧跟着她离开了人世。
She smoked herself into an early grave (= died young as a result of smoking) .她因抽烟而早逝。
turn in his/her grave
(British English) (North Amercian English roll in his/her grave) (亡者) 九泉之下不得安宁
My father would turn in his grave if he knew.我父亲知道的话在九泉之下也会不得安宁的。
2)adj. (graver, gravest) (formal) 　
A. (形势、感情等) 严重的；重大的；严峻的；深切的
The police have expressed grave concern about the missing child's safety.
警方对失踪孩子的安全深表关注。
The consequences will be very grave if nothing is done.如果不采取任何措施后果将会是非常严重的。
We were in grave danger.
我们处于极大的危险之中。
B. (人) 严肃的；庄严的；表情沉重的
He looked very grave as he entered the room.他进屋时表情非常严肃。
gravely adv.
She is gravely ill. 她病得很重。
Local people are gravely concerned.
当地人都深感不安。
He nodded gravely as I poured out my troubles.我倾诉我的苦恼时他心情沉重地点了点头。
16. transform|tr ns f :m; 美 - f :rm|
vt. ~ sth/sb (from sth) (into sth) 　
A. 使改变形态,=convert [k n v t , k nv t]
B. 使改变外观（或性质）；使改观
A new colour scheme will transform your bedroom.
新的色彩调配将使你的卧室焕然一新。
It was an event that would transform my life.
那是能够彻底改变我一生的一件事。
transformation| tr nsf me n; 美 -f r m-| n.
A. ~ (from sth) (to/into sth) （彻底的）变化，改观，转变，改革
The way in which we work has undergone a complete transformation in the past decade.在过去的十年里，我们的工作方式经历了彻底的变革。
What a transformation! You look great.
真是判若两人！你看上去真神气。
B. [U] （用于南非）民主改革
transformational|- nl|adj.
trans-|tr nz; tr ns|
A. (构成形容词) 横穿；通过；超越
transatlantic横渡大西洋的
transcontinental横贯大陆的
B. (构成动词) 进入（另一地方）；成为（另一状态）
transplant移植
17. forever|f r ev (r)| adv.
A. (British English also for ever) 永远
After her death, their lives changed forever.
她死后他们的生活从此改变了。
Just keep telling yourself that it won't last forever.要不停地提醒自己，这不会永世长存的。
B. (British English also for ever) (informal 长久地
It takes her forever to get dressed.
她穿衣打扮要用好长的时间。
C. (informal) （与动词进行时连用）老是，没完没了地
She's forever going on about how poor they are.
她老是没完没了地讲他们有多穷。
bine|k m ba n|
1)v.
A. ~ (sth) (with sth) | ~ A and B (together) （使）结合，组合，联合，混合
Hydrogen and oxygen combine to form water.氢与氧化合成水。
Hydrogen combines with oxygen to form water.氢与氧化合成水。
Several factors had combined to ruin our plans.
几种因素加在一起毁了我们的计划。
Combine all the ingredients in a bowl.
把所有的配料放在碗里拌匀。
Combine the eggs with a little flour.
把鸡蛋和少量的面粉搅匀。
The German team scored a combined total of 652 points.
德国队综合得分为652分。
B. vt. ~ A and/with B 兼有；兼备；使融合（或并存）
The hotel combines comfort with convenience.
这家旅馆既舒适又方便。
a kitchen and dining-room combined
厨房兼饭厅
We are still looking for someone who combines all the necessary qualities.我们仍在寻觅兼备所有必要才能的人选。
C. vt. ~ A and/with B 同时做（两件或以上的事）；兼做；兼办
The trip will combine business with pleasure.
此次旅行将把出差和娱乐结合起来。
She has successfully combined a career and bringing up a family.她成功地兼顾了事业和抚养子女。
D. 合并；协力
They combined against a common enemy.他们联手对付共同的敌人。
the combined effects of the two drugs两种药物的复合疗效
You should try to combine exercise with a healthy diet.
你应该把锻炼和健康饮食结合起来。
It took the combined efforts of both the press and the public to bring about a change in the law.这项法律的变更来自媒体和公众的通力合作。
join/combine forces (with sb)
to work together in order to achieve a shared aim （同…）联合；（与…）合作
The two firms joined forces to win the contract.
两家公司联合起来争取合同。
combination | k mb ne n; 美 kɑ:m-| n.
A. [C] 结合体；联合体；混合体
His treatment was a combination of surgery, radiation and drugs.对他的治疗是把手术、放射和药物治疗结合为一体。
Technology and good management. That's a winning combination .
技术加良好的管理，这是取胜的组合。
B. [U] 结合；联合；混合
The firm is working on a new product in combination with several overseas partners.这家公司与几家海外合伙人在联合开发新产品。
C. [C] （用于开密码锁的）数码组合，字码组合
I can't remember the combination.
我不记得密码锁的数码组合了。
D. combinations (British English)[复数] （旧时的）连裤内衣
19. rely|r la |(relies, relying, relied, relied)
rely on/upon sb/sth
A. to need or depend on sb/sth 依赖；依靠
As babies, we rely entirely on others for food.
在婴儿时期，我们完全依赖别人喂食。
[+ 带 to 的不定式]
These days we rely heavily on computers to organize our work.现在，我们在很大程度上依赖电脑来安排我们的工作。
[+ -ing 短语]
The industry relies on the price of raw materials remaining low.
这一产业靠的是原料便宜，不涨价。
B. to trust or have faith in sb/sth 信任；信赖
You should rely on your own judgement.
你应该相信你自己的判断。
[+ 带 to 的不定式]
You can rely on me to keep your secret.
你可以相信我一定会为你保守秘密。
He can't be relied on to tell the truth.
不能指望他说真话。
20. blues |blu:z| n.
A. (often the blues) [U] 布鲁斯音乐， 蓝调 （源于美国南部黑人，节奏感强、缓慢忧郁）
a blues band/singer布鲁斯乐队 / 歌手
B. [C] (pl. blues)
a blues song 布鲁斯歌曲； 蓝调歌曲
C. the blues [复数] 忧郁；悲伤；沮丧
the Monday morning blues
星期一早晨的郁闷情绪
21. folk|f k; 美 fo k|
1)adj. [只用于名词前] 　
A. ( 艺术、文化等) 传统民间的；民俗的
folk art民间艺术
B. 流传民间的；普通百姓的
Garlic is widely used in Chinese folk medicine.
大蒜广泛应用于中国民间医药。
2)n.
A. ( also folks especially in North American English) [复数](informal) 人们
I'd like a job working with old folk or kids.
我喜欢与老人或小孩打交道的工作。
the folks back home家乡的乡亲父老
B. folks [复数](informal) 各位；大伙儿
Well, folks, what are we going to do today
喂，伙计们，我们今天要干什么？
C. folks [复数](informal,especially North American English) 亲属；家属；（尤指）爹妈
How are your folks 你爸妈好吗？
D. [复数] （某国、某地区或某生活方式的）普通百姓
country folk 乡下人
townsfolk城里人
farming folk农民
E. ( also folk music) [U] 民间音乐
a folk festival/concert
民间音乐节 / 会
22. tune|tju:n; 美 tu:n|
1)[C] 曲调；曲子
I don't know the title but I recognize the tune.
我不知道曲名，但听得出这曲调。
be in/out of tune (with sb/sth)（与…）协调 / 不协调，一致 / 不一致，融洽 / 不融洽
These proposals are perfectly in tune with our own thoughts on the subject.这些建议与我们在这个问题上的想法完全一致。
The President is out of tune with public opinion.总统与公众舆论大唱反调。
in/out of tune音调正确 / 不正确；演奏合调 / 走调
None of them could sing in tune.
他们中没有一个人能唱得合调。
The piano is out of tune.
钢琴弹得走调了。
to the tune of sth(informal) （用于强调）总额达，总数为
2)vt.
A. （为乐器）调音，校音
to tune a guitar给吉他调弦
B. 调整，调节（发动机）
C. [常用被动态] ~ sth (in) (to sth) （给收音机、电视等）调谐，调频道
The radio was tuned (in) to the BBC World Service.收音机调到了英国广播公司国际广播电台。
(informal) Stay tuned for the news coming up next.
别转台，下面的新闻马上就来。
D. ~ sth (to sth) 调整；使协调；使适合
His speech was tuned to what the audience wanted to hear.
他在演讲中专讲听众爱听的话。
tune in (to sth)收听（收音机广播节目）；收看（电视节目）
tune in to sb/sth
理解，体谅（他人的思想感情等）
tune out | tune sb/sth out
不理睬；思想开小差
When she started talking about her job, he just tuned out.
在她开始谈她工作的时候，他走神了。
tune up | tune sth up
（乐队等为乐器）调音，定弦
The orchestra was tuning up as we entered the hall.我们进入音乐厅时，管弦乐队正在调音。
23. lyric| l r k|
1)n.
A. [C] 抒情诗
B. lyrics [复数] 歌词
2)adj.
A. (诗歌) 抒情的
B. 吟唱的；为吟唱谱写的
epic| ep k|叙事诗；史诗;史诗般的
24. throw sth in
A. （不提高售价或报价的）奉送，额外赠送
You can have the piano for $200, and I'll throw in the stool as well.
你花200元就可以买走这架钢琴，另外奉送这张琴凳。
B. 加插评语（或感叹句等）
Jack threw in the odd (偶然出现的；偶尔发生的；不规律的) encouraging comment.杰克难得加了一句鼓励的话。
25. for good measure
作为额外增添；外加的项目
Use 50g of rice per person and an extra spoonful for good measure.
每人50克大米，再额外加一勺。
26. rural| r r l; 美 r r l| adj. [常用于名词前] 乡村的；农村的；似农村的
rural areas农村地区
a rural way of life乡村的生活方式
urban[常用于名词前] 城市的；都市的；城镇的
27. surroundings|s ra nd z|
[复数] 环境,=environment
to work in pleasant surroundings
在愉快的环境中工作
The buildings have been designed to blend in with[(与环境)和谐，协调] their surroundings. 这些建筑物设计巧妙，与周围环境浑然一体。
surrounding |s ra nd | adj.
[只用于名词前] 周围的；附近的
28. heaven| hevn| n.
A. (also Heaven) [U] (不与the连用) (某些宗教) 天堂；天国
B.(informal) 极乐之地；极乐
This isn't exactly my idea of heaven!
这可不太像我所想象的那么美妙！
It was heaven being away from the office for a week.
一个星期远离办公室真是快活极了。
The island is truly a heaven on earth .那个岛堪称人间天堂。
C. the heavens [复数](literary) 天空
Four tall trees stretched up to the heavens.四棵大树参天而立。
(Good) Heavens! | Heavens above!
(informal) （表示惊奇或气恼）天哪，我的天
Good heavens, what are you doing
天哪，你在干什么？
the heavens opened下起了倾盆大雨
made in heaven (尤指婚姻或其他关系) 天作之合；天造地设
29. breeze|bri:z|
1)n.
A. [C] 微风；和风
The flowers were gently swaying in the breeze .花儿在微风中轻轻舞动。
A light breeze was blowing.轻风习习。
B. [单数](informal) 轻而易举的事
It was a breeze.这事不费吹灰之力。
2)v. [~ + 副词或介词短语] 轻盈而自信地走
She just breezed in and asked me to help.
她一阵风似的飘然进来，要求我帮她。
breeze through sth轻易通过；轻松完成
He breezed through the tests.
他轻松顺利地通过了这些测试。
30. guarantee| g r n ti:|
1) v.
A.vt. 保证；担保；保障
Basic human rights, including freedom of speech, are now guaranteed.
现在，包括言论自由在内的基本人权已有了保障。
We cannot guarantee (that) our flights will never be delayed.我们不能保证我们的所有航班均不误点。
The ticket will guarantee you free entry.
这张票可保证你免费入场。
[动词 + 带to的不定式]
We guarantee to deliver your goods within a week.我们保证一周内交货。
B. vt. ~ sth (against sth) 提供（产品）保修单（免费掉换或修理有问题的产品）
This iron is guaranteed for a year against faulty workmanship.
这种熨斗如有工艺缺陷可保修一年。
C. 使必然发生；确保
Tonight's victory guarantees the team's place in the final.
今晚的胜利确保这个队能进入决赛。
These days getting a degree doesn't guarantee you a job.
如今获得学位并不能保证你就有工作。
D. [动词 (+ that从句)] 肯定…必然发生
You can guarantee (that) the children will start being naughty as soon as they have to go to bed.
孩子一到该上床睡觉时一定就不听话了。
E. 承诺对…负法律责任；为…作保
to guarantee a bank loan
为银行贷款作保
[动词 + 带to的不定式]
to guarantee to pay sb's debts
为某人的债务作保
I guarantee that he will appear in court.我保证他会出庭。
be guaranteed to do sth
肯定会；必定会
If we try to keep it a secret, she's guaranteed to find out.
如果我们试图保密，她肯定会发现。
That kind of behaviour is guaranteed to make him angry.
那样的行为肯定会让他生气。
2)n.
A. 保证；担保,=assurance
He gave me a guarantee that it would never happen again.
他向我保证这种事情绝不会再发生。
B. 保修单；保用证书
We provide a 5-year guarantee against rust.我们保证5年不生锈。
The watch is still under guarantee .
这只手表仍在保修期内。
The television comes with a year's guarantee.这电视机有一年的保修期。
a money-back guarantee退货保证
C. ~ (of sth) | ~ (that…) 起保证作用的事物
Career success is no guarantee of happiness.
事业成功并不是幸福的保证。
There's no guarantee that she'll come .不能保证她一定会来。
D. 保证金；抵押品
We had to offer our house as a guarantee when getting the loan.
我们在贷款时不得不拿房子作抵押。
31. jazz|d z|
1) [U] 爵士乐
traditional/modern jazz
传统 / 现代爵士乐
and all that jazz(informal) :and things like that以及诸如此类的东西（或事情）
How's it going You know─love, life and all that jazz.
怎么样啊？你知道——说的就是爱情、生活以及诸如此类的事情嘛。
2)v.
jazz sth up(informal) 　
A. 使某事更有趣；使某事更令人兴奋；使某事更有吸引力
B. 使一段音乐听起来更现代化；使更具有流行音乐（或爵士乐）的风格
It's a jazzed up version of an old tune.
这是把一段古老的曲调翻新了。
32. arch|ɑ:t ; 美 ɑ:rt |
1)n.
A. 拱（支撑如桥梁或房屋上部的弧形结构）
B. 拱门
Go through the arch and follow the path.
穿过拱门沿小径往前走。
Marble Arch is a famous London landmark.
大理石拱门是伦敦著名的标志性建筑。
C. 足背；足弓
D. 拱形；拱形物
the delicate arch of her eyebrows
她那弯弯的柳眉
2)v.
A. （使）成弓形
The cat arched its back and hissed.
猫弓起背发出嘶嘶声。
B. vi. 呈拱形覆盖；呈弧形横跨
Tall trees arched over the path.
大树呈拱形遮阴了小道。
3)adj. [常用于名词前](often disapproving) 调皮的；淘气的
an arch tone of voice调皮的语气
archly adv.
‘Guess what ’ she said archly.
“猜猜看？”她调皮地说道。
33. adaptation| d p te n| n.
A. [C] 改编本；改写本
a screen adaptation of Shakespeare's ‘Macbeth ’莎士比亚悲剧《麦克佩斯》的电影改写本
B. [U] 适应
the adaptation of desert species to the hot conditions
沙漠物种对炎热环境的适应
adapt| d pt| v.
A.vt. ~ sth (for sth) 使适应，使适合（新用途、新情况）,=modify
Most of these tools have been specially adapted for use by disabled people.
这些工具多数已经过特别改装，供残疾人使用。
These styles can be adapted to suit individual tastes.这些式样可以修改，以适应个人不同爱好。
B. ~ (yourself) (to sth) 适应（新情况）,=adjust
We have had to adapt quickly to the new system.
我们不得不迅速适应新制度。
A large organization can be slow to adapt to change.
大机构可能应变迟缓。
The organisms were forced to adapt in order to survive.
生物被迫适应，以求生存。
It's amazing how soon you adapt.
你这么快就适应了，真是令人惊奇。
It took him a while to adapt himself to his new surroundings.
他过了好一阵子才适应了新环境。
C. vt. ~ sth (for sth) (from sth) 改编；改写
Three of her novels have been adapted for television.她的长篇小说中有三部已改编成电视节目。
adaptive| d pt v|adj. (术语) 适应的；有适应能力的
munist | k mj n st; 美 kɑ:m-|
1) n.
A. 共产主义者；共产主义的支持者
B. Communist 共产党党员
2) adj. ( also Communist) 　
a Communist country/ government/ leader
共产主义的国家 / 政府 / 领袖
communism| k mjun z m; 美 kɑ:m-| [U] 　
A. 共产主义
B. Communism 共产主义制度
35. invader| n ve d (r)| n.
武装入侵的军队（或国家）；侵略者
a foreign invader外国侵略者
(figurative)The white blood cells attack cells infected with an invader.
白细胞攻击受到感染的细胞。
invade| n ve d| v.
A. 武装入侵；侵略；侵犯
B. vt（尤指造成损害或混乱地）涌入；侵袭
The cancer cells may invade other parts of the body.
癌细胞可能扩散到身体的其他部位。
C. vt. 侵扰；干扰
Do the press have the right to invade her privacy in this way 新闻界有权以这种方式干扰她的私生活吗？
Invasion | n ve n| n.
A. 武装入侵；侵略；侵犯
B. （尤指烦扰的）涌入
the annual tourist invasion
一年一度游客的涌入
C. 侵犯；干预
The actress described the photographs of her as an invasion of privacy .
那位女演员认为她的这些照片是对隐私权的侵犯。
invasive| n ve s v| adj. (formal) 　
A. (尤指体内疾病) 侵入的；侵袭的
invasive cancer扩散性肿瘤
B. (医疗) 切入的；开刀的
invasive surgery开刀手术
36. consist of sth由…组成（或构成）|k n s st|
The committee consists of ten members.
委员会由十人组成。
Their diet consisted largely of vegetables.
他们的日常饮食以蔬菜为主。
Most of the fieldwork consisted of making tape recordings.
现场工作多半为进行磁带录音。
consist in sth (formal) 存在于；在于
The beauty of the city consists in its magnificent buildings.
这座城市的美就在于它那些宏伟的建筑。
True education does not consist in simply being taught facts.
真正的教育并不在于简单地讲授事实。
37. defend|d fend| v.
A. ~ (sb/yourself/sth) (from/against sb/sth) 防御；保护；保卫
All our officers are trained to defend themselves against knife attacks.
我们所有的警察都接受过自卫训练，能够对付持刀袭击。
Troops have been sent to defend the borders.已派出部队去守卫边疆。
It is impossible to defend against an all-out attack.
防御全面进攻是不可能的。
B. Vt. ~ sb/yourself/sth (from/against sb/sth) 辩解；辩白
Politicians are skilled at defending themselves against their critics.从政者都善于为自己辩解，反驳别人的批评。
How can you defend such behaviour
你怎能为这种行为辩解呢？
C. (体育运动) 防守,
反义词：attack
D. vt. 参加比赛（或选举）保住（头衔、席位等）
He is defending champion .
他在参加卫冕赛。
She will be defending her title at next month's championships.
她将在下月的锦标赛上争取蝉联冠军。
(政)He intends to defend his seat in the next election.
他想在下届选举中寻求连任。
E. （为…）辩护，当辩护律师
He has employed one of the UK's top lawyers to defend him.
他请了英国一位顶尖律师为他辩护。
defence|d fens| n. defense
A. [U] 防御；保护；保卫
What points can be raised in defence of this argument
有什么论点能提出来为这个说法辩护呢？
I have to say in her defence that she knew nothing about it beforehand.
我得为她说句话，她事先并不知道此事。
B. ~ (against sth) 防御物；防务；防御能力
Humour is a more effective defence than violence.
幽默是比暴力更有效的防御武器。
C. [U] 国防机构；国防体系
Further cuts in defence spending are being considered.
目前正在考虑进一步削减国防开支。
D. [C] 辩解；辩白
E.[C] 辩护；辩词；答辩
He wanted to conduct his own defence.他想自己为自己辩护。
F. the defence [单数名词 +单数/复数 动词] 辩护律师
G. [单数, U] 防守队员；防守；后卫
(British English)She plays in defence .
她打防守。
(North Amercian English)He plays on defense .他打防守。
H. [C] 卫冕赛
Milan's defence of the European Cup欧洲冠军杯米兰队冠军卫冕赛
defensive |d fens v|
1)adj.
A. 防御的；保护的；保卫的
B. 戒备的；怀有戒心的；自卫的
Don't ask him about his plans─he just gets defensive.
别问他有什么计划——他老存有戒心。
B. (体) 防守的
defensive play防守型打法
defensively adv.
defensiveness[U]
2)n. on/onto the defensive
处于防御姿态；处于戒备状态；采取守势
38. solo| s l ; 美 so lo |
1)n. (pl. -os)
A. 独唱；独奏；独舞；单人表演
a guitar solo吉他独奏
B. 单飞
2)adj. [只用于名词前] 　
A. 独自的；单独的
his first solo flight他的首次单飞
a solo effort 一人之力
B. 独唱的；独奏的
a solo artist独唱歌手
a piece for solo violin小提琴独奏曲
3) adv.
She wanted to fly solo across the Atlantic.
她想独自一人驾机飞越大西洋。
After three years with the band he decided to go solo .
跟那支乐队合作三年后，他决定单飞。
39. flow|fl ; 美 flo |
1)vi.
A. ~ (back/down, etc.) | ~ (into, through, etc. sth) (液体、气体或电) 流；流动
It's here that the river flows down into the ocean.这条河就在这里汇入海洋。
Blood flowed from a cut on her head.
血从她头上的伤口处流出来。
She lost control and the tears began to flow.她禁不住泪如泉涌。
B. vi.[~ + 副词或介词短语] (人或事物) 涌流；流动
Constant streams of traffic flowed past.车流不断通过。
C.流畅
Conversation flowed freely throughout the meal.
席间大家一直谈笑甚欢。
D. 有的是；大量供应
It was obvious that money flowed freely in their family.
显然他们家族有的是钱。
E. [~+ 副词或介词短语] 被强烈感到
Fear and excitement suddenly flowed over me.我突然感到又恐惧又兴奋。
F.~ (down/over sth) 飘垂；飘拂
Her hair flowed down over her shoulders.她的头发垂到肩上。
G. (海潮) 涨；涨潮
flow from sth(formal) 来自；由…引起
2)n.
A. ~ (of sth/sb) 流；流动
She tried to stop the flow of blood from the wound.她试图止住伤口流血。
B. ~ (of sth) 持续生产；不断供应
to encourage the free flow of information鼓励信息自由交流
C. 滔滔不绝
You've interrupted my flow─I can't remember what I was saying.你打断了我的话——我记不得我在说什么了。
As usual, Tom was in full flow .
汤姆如常地口若悬河。
D. ~ of sth 连贯；流畅
Too many examples can interrupt the smooth flow of the text.
例子太多会使行文不流畅。
E. 涨潮
go with the flow(informal) 随大溜
40. spacecraft| spe skrɑ:ft; 美 –kr ft| (pl. spacecraft) n.
航天器；宇宙飞船
41. solar| s l (r); 美 so -| adj. [只用于名词前] 　
A. 太阳的
solar radiation太阳辐射
B. 太阳能的
solar power/heating
太阳能动力 / 加热
solar panel太阳能电池板
42. greet |gri:t| vt.
A. ~ sb (with sth) 和（某人）打招呼（或问好）；欢迎；迎接
He greeted all the guests warmly as they arrived.客人到达时他都热情接待。
She greeted us with a smile.
她微笑着向我们打招呼。
B. [常用被动态] ~ sb/sth (with/as sth) （以某种方式）对…作出反应
The changes were greeted with suspicion[s sp n] .
这些变革受到人们的怀疑。
The team's win was greeted as a major triumph.
这个队获胜被看成是一个重大的胜利。
Loud cheers greeted the news.
这消息受到热烈欢呼。
C. [常用被动态] (景象、声音或气味) 映入…的眼帘；传入…的耳中（或鼻中）
When she opened the door she was greeted by a scene of utter confusion.她开开门，一片混乱不堪的景象呈现在她的眼前。
greeting | gri:t | n
A. 问候；招呼；迎接；致意
She waved a friendly greeting.
她友好地挥手致意。
They exchanged greetings and sat down to lunch.他们相互致意后便坐下吃午饭。
He raised his hand in greeting .
他举手致意。
B. greetings [复数] 问候的话；祝词；贺词
My mother sends her greetings to you all.我母亲向你们大家问好。
43. get down to (doing) sth开始做某事；开始认真注意（或对待）某事
Let's get down to business .
咱们开始干正事吧。
I like to get down to work by 9.
我喜欢在9点之前开始工作。
[+ -ing 短语]
It's time I got down to thinking about that essay.
我该认真思考一下那篇论文了。
get down to business
着手处理正事；开始认真工作
44. suitable| su:t bl; British English also sju:-| adj.
~ (for sth/sb) | ~ (to do sth) 合适的；适宜的；适当；适用
a suitable candidate合适的人选
This programme is not suitable for children.
这个节目儿童不宜。
a suitable place for a picnic
适合野餐的地方
I don't have anything suitable to wear for the party.
我没有适合在聚会上穿的衣服。
Would now be a suitable moment to discuss my report
现在讨论我的报告合适不合适？
unsuitable
suitability| su:t b l ti; British English also sju:-| [U]
There is no doubt about her suitability for the job.
毫无疑问，她适合做这个工作。
suited | su:t d; British English also sju:-| adj.[名词前不可用] 　
A. ~ (to/for sb/sth) 合适；适宜；适当
He is not really suited for a teaching career.他不大适合做教师。
This diet is suited to anyone who wants to lose weight fast.这一食谱适合每一个希望迅速减肥的人。
unsuited
B. 般配的
Jo and I are very well suited.
我跟乔非常合得来。
They were not suited to one another.
他们俩彼此不配。
unsuited
C. 穿西装的；穿…套装的
sober-suited city businessmen
城市里那些衣着庄重的生意人
45. distant| d st nt| adj.
A. 遥远的；远处的；久远的
The time we spent together is now a distant memory.我们一起度过的时光现已成为久远的记忆。
(formal)The airport was about 20 kilometres distant.
机场在大约20公里远的地方。
a star 30 000 light years distant from the Earth.
离地球3万光年远的一颗恒星
(figurative)Peace was just a distant hope .和平只是遥不可及的希望而已。
B. ~ (from sth) 不相似的；不同的,=remote
Their life seemed utterly distant from his own.他们的生活与他自己的生活似乎完全不同。
C. [只用于名词前] (人) 远亲的；远房的
a distant cousin/aunt/relative
远房堂兄弟 / 姑母 / 亲戚
D. 不友好的；冷淡的；疏远的
Pat sounded very cold and distant on the phone.
从电话里听起来帕特非常冷淡和疏远。
E. 心不在焉的；恍惚的；出神的
There was a distant look in her eyes; her mind was obviously on something else.她眼神恍惚，显然心里在想着别的什么事儿。
distantly adv.
We're distantly related.我们是远亲。
Holly smiled distantly.
霍利恍惚地笑了笑。
the (dim and) distant past
很久以前；遥远的过去
stories from the distant past
很久以前的故事
in the not too distant future
在不久的将来
distance | d st ns|
1)n.
A. 距离；间距
the distance of the earth from the sun
太阳到地球的距离
The beach is within walking distance of my house .
海滩离我家很近，走几步路就到了。
Our parents live some distance away .
我们的父母住的地方相当远。
B. [U] （空间的）遥远；（时间的）久远，间隔
Distance is no problem on the Internet.
在互联网上距离已不成为问题。
C. [单数] 远方；远处
D. （两事物之间的）差异，无关
E. 冷淡；疏远
The coldness and distance in her voice took me by surprise.她话语中透出的冷淡和疏远使我感到意外。
in/into the distance在远处；在远方
keep sb at a distance对…冷淡；同…疏远；与…保持一定距离
keep your distance (from sb/sth)
A. （与…）保持距离
B. 疏远；避免（与…）亲近；避免介入
She was warned to keep her distance from Charles if she didn't want to get hurt.
有人告诫她说，如果不想受到伤害，就与查尔斯离得远一点。
2)vt. ~ yourself/sb/sth (from sb/sth) 拉开距离；与…疏远
When he retired, he tried to distance himself from politics.
退休后，他便尽量使自己置身于政治之外。
It's not always easy for nurses to distance themselves emotionally.
对护士来说，使自己不动感情并非总是很容易。
46. volume | v lju:m; 美 vɑ:l-; -j m| n.
A. 体积；容积；容量
How do you measure the volume of a gas 你如何计量气体的体积？
B. 量；额
This work has grown in volume recently.这项工作的量最近增加了。
New roads are being built to cope with the increased volume of traffic.正在修建新的道路以应付增加了的交通量。
Sales volumes fell 0.2% in June.
六月份的销售额下降了0.2%。
C. [U] 音量；响度
to turn the volume up/down
把音量调大 / 小
D. [C] (abbr. vol.) （成套书籍中的）一卷，一册
E. [C](formal) 书
a library of over 50 000 volumes
藏书5万多册的图书馆
F.[C] (abbr. vol.) 卷，合订本（同一杂志的一系列期刊，尤指一年的）
‘New Scientist ’ volume 142, number 3《新科学家》第142卷第3期
speak volumes (about/for sth/sb)
充分说明；清楚表明
47. stare|ste (r); 美 ster|
1)v.
A. vi. ~ (at sb/sth) 盯着看；凝视；注视
I screamed and everyone stared.
我尖叫一声，众人都盯着我看。
I stared blankly at the paper in front of me.我茫然地看着面前这张纸。
He sat staring into space (= looking at nothing) .他坐在那儿凝视着前方。
She looked at them with dark staring eyes.
她那双深色的眼睛专注地看着他们。
be staring sb in the face
A. 明摆着；显而易见
The answer was staring us in the face.
答案明摆在我们面前。
B. 必定发生
Defeat was staring them in the face.
他们必遭失败。
be staring sth in the face不可避免
They were staring defeat in the face.
对他们来说，失败不可避免。
stare sb out(British English) ( also stare sb down North Amercian English,British English) 盯得某人转移目光（或慌了神）
2)n. （尤指不友好或吃惊的）盯，凝视，注视
She gave him a blank stare.
她面无表情地直视着他。
48. breath|breθ| n.
A. [U] 呼吸的空气
His breath smelt of garlic.
他呼出的气中有大蒜味。
bad breath (= that smells bad)口臭
We had to stop for breath before we got to the top.
我们不得不喘口气，然后再登山顶。
She was very short of breath (= had difficulty breathing) .她呼吸很困难。
B. [C] 一次吸入的空气
to take a deep breath深深吸一口气
He recited the whole poem in one breath.
他一口气背出了整篇诗。
C. ~ of sth [单数](formal) 微量；迹象
a breath of suspicion一丝怀疑
D. a ~ of air, wind [单数](literary) （空气的）微微流动，拂动
a breath of (fresh) air
新鲜空气；透气
a breath of fresh air
令人耳目一新的人（或事物、地方）
get your breath (again/back)
(British English) ( also catch your breath North Amercian English,British English) 恢复正常呼吸
hold your breath
A. 闭气；屏气
Hold your breath and count to ten.
屏住呼吸，数到十。
B. 屏息以待；焦虑地等待
He held his breath while the results were read out.
宣读结果时，他屏住了呼吸。
C. (informal) 别眼巴巴等着；有你等的
She said she'd do it this week, but don't hold your breath!她说她这个星期要干，不过你可别因此眼巴巴干等！
in the same breath但紧接着，但同时（意味着与前一段意图或意思相反）
He praised my work and in the same breath told me I would have to leave.他称赞了一番我的工作，但紧接着却对我说不得不辞退我。
out of breath
（运动后）喘不上气，透不过气来
We were out of breath after only five minutes.我们五分钟后便气喘吁吁了。
say sth, speak, etc. under your breath
小声地，轻声地（说）
‘Rubbish! ’ he murmured under his breath.“胡说！”他悄悄地小声说。
take sb's breath away
令人惊叹；让人叹绝
My first view of the island from the air took my breath away.我第一次从空中看到这个岛时，叹赏不已。
breathe |bri: | v.
A. 呼吸
He breathed deeply before speaking again.
他深深吸一口气，然后继续说下去。
The air was so cold we could hardly breathe.
空气非常寒冷，我们难以呼吸。
She was beginning to breathe more easily.她呼吸开始较为顺畅了。
B. vt. 呼出
C. (literary) 低声说
‘I'm over here, ’ she breathed.
“我在这儿呢。”她轻声说。
D.vi.（打开瓶盖，让酒）通气飘香
E. vi. 透气
Cotton clothing allows your skin to breathe.棉织品能使皮肤透气。
F. vt.(formal) 充满，散发（某种感情或品质）
Her performance breathed wit and charm. 她的表演灵巧迷人。
breathe down sb's neck
(informal) 紧盯着某人看；看得某人发毛（或心烦）；监视
breathe (new) life into sth
（给某事物）带来起色，注入活力
49. unusual| n ju: u l; - l| adj.
A. 特别的；不寻常的；罕见的,=uncommon
It's unusual for the trees to flower so early.
这种树这么早开花很不寻常。
It's not unusual for young doctors to work a 70-hour week.
年轻的医生每周工作70小时并不罕见。
B. 独特的；与众不同的；别致的
usual| ju: u l; - l| adj.
A.~ (for sb/sth) (to do sth) 通常的；寻常的；惯常的
B. the usual [单数](informal) 惯常的事物；（尤指）常喝的饮料
as usual照例；照旧；像往常一样
50. grab|gr b| v. (-bb-)
A. ~ sth (from sb/sth) 抓住；攫取,=
seize
He grabbed hold of me and wouldn't let go.他抓住我不松手。
Jim grabbed a cake from the plate.
吉姆从盘子里抓了一块蛋糕。
Don't grab─there's plenty for everyone.
别抢——多着呢，人人都有。
B. vi. ~ at/for sth （试图）抓住，夺得
She grabbed at the branch, missed and fell.她抓树枝，可没抓着，就跌倒了。
C. ~ (at sth) 利用，抓住（机会）,=seize
This was my big chance and I grabbed it with both hands.
这是我的大好机会，我紧紧抓住。
He'll grab at any excuse to avoid doing the dishes.
他会随便找个借口来逃避洗碗。
D. vt. （尤指匆忙地）取，拿，吃，喝
Let's grab a sandwich before we go.
咱们赶快吃个三明治就走吧。
I managed to grab a couple of hours' sleep on the plane.
我在飞机上抓紧时间睡了两个钟头。
E. vt. （尤指自私、贪婪地）捞取，赚取，抢占
By the time we arrived, someone had grabbed all the good seats.
我们到达时，所有的好位子都给人占了。
F. vt. 引人注意；吸引
I'll see if I can grab the waitress and get the bill.我来看能不能引起服务员的注意，让她拿账单来。
how does…grab you
(informal) 你对…有兴趣吗；你喜欢…吗；你认为…如何
How does the idea of a trip to Rome grab you
你认为去趟罗马这个主意如何？
2)n.
A. [常用单数形式] ~ (at/for sb/sth) 猛然的抓取；突然的抢夺
He made a grab for her bag.
他突然去抢她的手提包。
B. (计) 抓取（或截取、采集）的图像
a screen grab from Wednesday's programme
从星期三的节目中抓取的荧屏图像
C. 抓具；抓斗
up for grabs
(informal) 提供的；可供争夺的
There are 25 000 worth of prizes up for grabs in our competition!在我们的比赛中有25 000英镑奖金供人争夺！
51. sweep |swi:p|
1)v. (swept, swept |swept|)
A. 扫；打扫；清扫
The showroom had been emptied and swept clean.
陈列室已经清理出来，打扫干净了。
B. [动词 + 名词短语 + 副词或介词短语] 扫去；清除
He swept the leaves up into a pile.
他把树叶扫成一堆。
C. [动词 + 名词短语 + 副词或介词短语] （迅猛地）推送，吹走，冲走，带走
She let herself be swept along by the crowd.
她任由自己被人流挟裹着前行。
D. (风、雨、雪、火等) 猛烈吹过；掠过；席卷；横扫
Rain swept in through the broken windows.
雨水从破窗户灌进屋内。
Strong winds regularly sweep the islands.
这些岛屿上经常刮大风。
E. [~ + 副词或介词短语] 步态轻盈地走；大模大样地走
Without another word she swept out of the room.
她再没说话，大模大样地走出房间。
(figurative)He swept into the lead with an almost perfect performance.
他以几近完美的表现跨入领先位置。
F. [动词 + 名词短语 + 副词或介词短语] 挥动，舞动（手、臂等）
He rushed to greet her, sweeping his arms wide.
他张开双臂舞动着，冲过去迎接她。
G. [动词 + 副词或介词短语] 突然袭来
A wave of tiredness swept over her.
她感到浑身疲惫。
Memories came sweeping back.
往事倏地重又浮现在脑海中。
H. 迅速传播
Rumours of his resignation swept through the company.
他辞职的传言在全公司传播开了。
I. 扫视；掠过；搜索
His eyes swept around the room.
他的目光把房间扫视了一遍。
Searchlights swept the sky.
探照灯在空中扫来扫去。
J. vt. （使）轻轻掠过，轻轻擦过
Her dress swept the ground as she walked.
她行走时衣裙拖在地上。
K.[动词 + 名词短语 + 副词或介词短语] 梳；刷；掠
Her hair was swept back from her face.
她的头发是从前边往后梳的。
L. [动词 + 副词或介词短语] 蜿蜒；呈缓坡延伸
The hotel gardens sweep down to the beach.旅馆的花园呈缓坡一直延伸到海滩。
M. vt.(North Amercian English) （在系列比赛中）获得全部胜利，囊括各项冠军
The Blue Jays have a chance to sweep the series.蓝鸟队有机会囊括这一系列比赛的冠军。
New Jersey swept Detroit last season.在上个赛季，新泽西队全胜底特律队。
sweep the board
（在比赛中）囊括所有奖项
sweep to victory
轻易赢得（竞赛）
sweep sb along/away[常用被动态] 使某人醉心；驱使某人专注
sweep sth aside
对…置之不理；不理会；全然无视
All their advice was swept aside.
他们所有的忠告全被当成了耳边风。
sweep sth away
消灭；彻底消除；完全打消
sweep sth out
打扫干净，清扫干净（房间等）
2)n.
A. [C, 常用单数形式] 扫；打扫；清扫
Give the room a good sweep.
把房间好好打扫一下。
B. [C] 挥动；掠
He indicated the door with a sweep of his arm.他一挥胳膊指向门。
C. [C, 常用单数形式] （道路、河流、海岸等）一长段，绵延弯曲的地带，呈缓坡状的地带
D. [U] 广泛性；广博的范围；广度
Her book covers the long sweep of the country's history.
她的著作涵盖了该国漫长的历史。
E. [C] 巡行；搜索；扫荡
F. [C] = chimney sweep烟囱清扫工
G. [C] (informal) (North American English also sweeps) = sweepstake赌金全赢制
H. [C](North Amercian English) （两支球队对赛其中一方）全胜的一系列比赛；囊括冠军
a World Series sweep
在世界职业棒球系列赛中囊括冠军
I. the sweeps [复数](North Amercian English) 收视率调查（电视台为查明节目受欢迎度，尤为计算广告费）
make a clean sweep (of sth)
A. 全部撤换；彻底清除
B. （比赛或竞赛中）大获全胜，包揽（所有奖项）；获得选举全胜
China made a clean sweep of the medals in the gymnastics events.中国队在体操比赛中包揽了所有的奖牌。
52. disc|d sk| n. (AmE disk)
A. 圆盘；圆片
He wears an identity disc around his neck.他脖子上挂着圆形身份牌。
B. = CD
This recording is available on disc or cassette.
这录音有激光唱片和盒式磁带两种。
C. (British English) （计算机）磁盘，磁碟
D. (old-fashioned) = record (2)唱片
E. 椎间盘
He’s been off work with a slipped disc .他因椎间盘突出一直未上班。
plicated| k mpl ke t d; 美 kɑ:m-| adj.复杂的；难懂的,=complex
The instructions look very complicated.
这说明书看起来很难懂。
It's all very complicated─but I'll try and explain.尽管这一切都很难理解，但我会尽力解释。
54. lane|le n| n.
A. （乡间）小路
winding country lanes蜿蜒的乡间小路
We drove along a muddy lane to reach the farmhouse.
我们驾车沿泥泞的小路到达农舍。
B. (尤用于地名) 小巷；胡同；里弄
The quickest way is through the back lanes behind the bus station.
最近的路是穿过公共汽车站后面的小巷。
C. 车道
the northbound/southbound lane
北行 / 南行车道
She signalled and pulled over into the slow lane.她给信号后把车开进了慢车道。
a four-lane highway四车道公路
D. （比赛的）跑道，泳道
The Australian in lane four is coming up fast from behind.
第四道的澳大利亚运动员正从后面快速追赶上来。
E. 航道；航线
one of the world's busiest shipping/sea lanes
世界上最繁忙的海运航线之一
bus lane公共汽车专用道
cycle lane自行车车道
fast lane[单数] （高速公路或州际公路上的）快车道
outside lane( AmE. passing lane)（高速公路等靠近路中心的）外车道，超车道
55. accompany| k mp ni| vt.
(accompanies, accompanying, accompanied, accompanied)
A. (formal) 陪同；陪伴
His wife accompanied him on the trip.
那次旅行他由妻子陪同。
B. 伴随；与…同时发生
strong winds accompanied by heavy rain
狂风夹着暴雨
Each pack contains a book and accompanying CD.
每包内装书一本，并附光盘一张。
C. ~ sb (at/on sth) （尤指用钢琴）为…伴奏
The singer was accompanied on the piano by her sister.女歌手由她姐姐钢琴伴奏。
company[U] 陪伴；做伴
I enjoy Jo's company (= I enjoy being with her) .我喜欢和乔在一起。
She enjoys her own company when she is travelling.她喜爱独自旅行。
The children are very good company at this age.和这个年龄的孩子在一起很开心。
a pleasant evening in the company of friends
与朋友一起度过的愉快夜晚
He's coming with me for company .
他要陪伴我一起来。
keep sb company做伴；陪伴
I'll keep you company while you're waiting.你等待时我会陪伴你。
the company sb keeps某人所交往的人；伙伴；与之为伍的人
Judging by the company he kept, Mark must have been a wealthy man.根据马克所交往的人来判断，他一定是位富翁。
56. expectation | ekspek te n| n.
A. ~ (of sth) | ~ (that…) 预料；预期；期待
We are confident in our expectation of a full recovery.
我们满怀信心地期待着完全康复。
There was a general expectation that he would win.普遍认为他会获胜。
The expectation is that property prices will rise.预计地产价格会上涨。
Contrary to expectations , interest rates did not rise.
出乎意料的是利率并未上升。
Against all expectations , she was enjoying herself.
完全没想到她过得非常快活。
B. [C, 常用复数, U] 希望；盼望
She went to college with great expectations.
她满怀希望地进入大学。
The numbers attending fell short of (未达到；不符合) expectations.
出席的人数比预期的要少。
The event did not live up to expectations . 这项比赛有负众望。
C. [C, 常用复数] 期望；指望
Some parents have unrealistic expectations of their children.
有的父母对孩子的指望不切实际。
Unfortunately the new software has failed to meet expectations .
遗憾的是新软件并不理想。
expect | k spekt| v.
A.预料；预期；预计
We are expecting a rise in food prices this month.我们预计这个月食物价格会上涨。
That's not the sort of behaviour I expect of you!我不敢相信你竟有那样的行为！
[动词 + 带to的不定式]
You can't expect to learn a foreign language in a few months.
不要指望在几个月内就能学会一门外语。
I looked back, half expecting to see someone following me.
我回过头去，想着可能看到有人跟着我。
[动词 + 名词短语 + 带to的不定式]
House prices are expected to rise sharply.预计房价会急剧上涨。
I didn't expect him to become a successful writer.我没想到他会成为一个成功的作家。
Do you really expect me to believe you
你真以为我会相信你吗？
Many people were expecting (that) the peace talks would break down.
许多人预料和平谈判会破裂。
It is expected that the report will suggest some major reforms.
预计这个报告会提出一些重大的改革。
B. (常用于进行时) 等待；期待；盼望
to expect a visit/call/letter from sb
等待某人的来访 / 电话 / 来信
We were expecting him yesterday.
我们昨天一直在等他。
We were expecting him to arrive yesterday.
我们一直盼望着他昨天到达。
C. ~ sth (of/from sb) 要求；指望
Her parents expected high standards from her.她的父母对她的期望很高。
Are you clear what is expected of you
你清楚大家对你的期望吗？
[动词 + 名词短语 + 带to的不定式]
They expected all their children to be high achievers.
他们期望自己所有的孩子都大有作为。
We are expected to work on Saturdays.
我们星期六要上班。
I expect to be paid promptly for the work.我要求即时付工钱。
D. (informal,especially British English) (不用于进行时) 猜想；认为；料想
‘Who's eaten all the cake ’ ‘Tom, I expect/I expect it was Tom. ’
“谁把蛋糕都吃光了？”“我想是汤姆吧。”
be (only) to be expected
可能发生；可以预料；相当正常
A little tiredness after taking these drugs is to be expected.
服用这些药后有点倦意是正常的。
what (else) do you expect
(informal) 那有什么大惊小怪的；那还用得着惊奇吗；那还用说吗
57. remarkable|r mɑ:k bl; 美 - mɑ:rk-| adj.~ (for sth) | ~ (that…) 非凡的；奇异的；显著的；引人注目的,=astonishing
She was a truly remarkable woman.
她是一位真正非同凡响的女人。
The area is remarkable for its scenery.
这一地区以其优美的景色而引人瞩目。
It is remarkable that nobody noticed sooner.
竟然没有人早点发现，真有意思。
unremarkable
remarkably |- bli| adv.
The car is in remarkably good condition for its age.
就车龄而论，这辆车的状况好极了。
Remarkably, nobody was killed.
竟然没有死人，真是万幸。
remark|r mɑ:k; 美 - mɑ:rk|
1)v. ~ (on/upon sth/sb) | ~ (how…) 说起；谈论；评论,=comment
2)v.
A. [C] 谈论；言论；评述,=comment
to make a remark发表评论
B. [U](old-fashioned,or formal) 引人注目；显耀,=note
The exhibition contains nothing that is worthy of remark.
这次展览没有任何值得看的东西。
58. stream |stri:m|
1)v.
A. ~ (from sth) | ~ (with sth) (液体或气体) 流；流动；流出
Tears streamed down his face.
泪水顺着他的脸往下流。
B. (人或东西) [~ + 副词或介词短语] 鱼贯而行；一个接一个地移动
People streamed across the bridge.
桥上行人川流不息。
C. vi. 飘动；飘扬
Her scarf streamed behind her.她的围巾在身后飘动。
D. vt.[常用被动态](especially British English) (North American English usually track) (学校) 按能力分班（或分组）
Pupils are streamed for French and Maths.
学生上法语和数学课时按能力分成小组。
E. vt.(计) 用流式传输，流播（无须待整个文件下载到计算机便可播放互联网上的视频或音频文件）
2) n.
A. 小河；溪
B. ~ (of sth) 流；（液）流；（气）流
A stream of blood flowed from the wound.一股鲜血从伤口流出来。
C. ~ (of sth/sb) （人）流；（车）流
I've had a steady stream of visitors.
我不断有客人。
D. ~ of sth 一连串，接二连三，源源不断（的事情）
The agency provided me with a steady stream of work.
这介绍所让我不断有活干。
E. (especially British English) （把同龄学生按智力编在一起的）班，组
She was put into the fast stream.
她被分在了快班。
be/come on stream投产；投入使用
The new computer system comes on stream next month.
新的计算机系统下月投入使用。
59. enthusiastic| n θju:zi st k; 美 - θu:-| adj.~ (about sb/sth) | ~ (about doing sth) 热情的；热心的；热烈的；满腔热忱的
You don't sound very enthusiastic about the idea.
你好像对这个想法不太感兴趣。
She was even less enthusiastic about going to Spain.
她对去西班牙更是不感兴趣。
enthusiastically|-kli| adv.
enthusiasm| n θju:zi z m; 美 - θu:-| n.
A. [U] ~ (for sth/for doing sth) 热情；热心；热忱
She never lost her enthusiasm for teaching.
她从未失去过教书的热忱。
The news was greeted with a lack of enthusiasm by those at the meeting.
与会者对这消息未表现出多少兴趣。
‘I don't mind, ’ she said, without much enthusiasm.
“我不在乎。”她不冷不热地说。
B. [C](formal) 热衷的事物；激发热情的事物
60. handkerchief| h k t f; -t i:f; 美 -k rt -| (pl. handkerchiefs or, handkerchieves |-t i:vz|)
( also informal hanky, hankie) 手帕；纸巾
61. vast|vɑ:st; 美 v st| adj. 辽阔的；巨大的；庞大的；大量的,=huge
a vast amount of information大量信息
At dusk bats appear in vast numbers .
蝙蝠于傍晚时分大批出现。
In the vast majority of cases, this should not be a problem.
在绝大多数情况下，这应该不成问题。
vastness n.
the vastness of space太空的浩瀚无垠
62. gifted | g ft d| adj.
A. 有天才的；有天赋的；天资聪慧的
a gifted musician/player, etc.
天才的音乐家、运动员等
gifted children天资聪慧的孩子
B. ~ with sth 具有（令人愉快的东西）
He was gifted with a charming smile.
他有一副迷人的微笑。
talented| t l nt d| adj.有才能的；天才的；有才干的
gift|g ft| 1)n.
A. 礼物；赠品,=present
The watch was a gift from my mother.这块表是母亲给我的礼物。
B. ~ (for sth/for doing sth) 天赋；天才；才能,=talent
She has a great gift for music.
她极有音乐天赋。
He has the gift of making friends easily.他天生善交朋友。
C. [常用单数形式](informal) 轻而易举的事；极便宜的东西
Their second goal was an absolute gift.
他们第二个进球简直不费吹灰之力。
At 500 it's a gift.
只卖500英镑，真便宜。
2)vt. (British English) (尤用于新闻报道) 白送；白给
They gifted their opponents a goal.
他们白送给对方一分。
They gifted a goal to their opponents.
他们白送给对方一分。
63. reputation | repju te n| n. ~ (as sth) | ~ (for sth/for doing sth) 名誉；名声
to earn/establish/build a reputation
赢得 / 确立 / 树立声誉
She soon acquired a reputation as a first-class cook.
她不久就获得了顶级厨师的名声。
I'm aware of Mark's reputation for being late.
我知道马克迟到是出了名的。
to damage/ruin sb's reputation
有损 / 毁坏某人的名声
The weather in England is living up to its reputation.
英格兰的天气真是名副其实。
64. brilliant| br li nt| adj.
A. 巧妙的；使人印象深的
What a brilliant idea!
真是个绝妙的主意！
a brilliant performance/invention
出色的表演；杰出的发明
B. 很成功的
The play was a brilliant success.
那出剧获得了巨大成功。
C. 聪颖的；技艺高的
She has one of the most brilliant minds in the country.她是全国最有才气的人之一。
D. (光线或色彩) 明亮的；鲜艳的
brilliant sunshine明媚的阳光
brilliant blue eyes湛蓝的眼睛
E. (British English,informal) 很好的；杰出的
Thanks. You've been brilliant (= very helpful) .多谢。你帮大忙了。
brilliance| br li ns|[U] 　
brilliantly adv.
The plan worked brilliantly.
计划实施得十分顺利。
It was brilliantly sunny. 阳光明媚。
65. prediction |pr d k n| n.预言；预测；预告
Not many people agree with the government's prediction that the economy will improve.没有多少人赞同政府认为经济将会有所改善的预测。
The results of the experiment confirmed our predictions.
实验结果证实了我们的预测。
Skilled readers make use of context and prediction.阅读能力强的人会利用上下文及推测来理解文意。
It's difficult to make accurate predictions about the effects on the environment.
很难准确预测对环境产生的影响。
predictor|pr d kt (r)|
(formal) 预测器；预示物
The child's reaction to the arrival of the new baby was a very good predictor of how they would get on during the year that followed. 通过观察孩子对新生儿到来的反应能很好预测在接下来的一年中他们会不会相处融洽。
predict|pr d kt| v.
A. 预言；预告；预报,=forecast
Nobody could predict the outcome.
谁也无法预料结果如何。
It is impossible to predict what will happen.预知未来的事是不可能的。
She predicted (that) the election result would be close.
她预言选举结果将很接近。
It was predicted that inflation would continue to fall.
据预报，通货膨胀率将继续下降。
[动词 + 名词短语 + 带to的不定式]
The trial is predicted to last for months. 预料审讯将持续数月之久。
66. extraordinary| k str :dnri; 美 k str :rd neri| adj.
A. 意想不到的；令人惊奇的；奇怪的,
=incredible
It's extraordinary that he managed to sleep through the party.真想不到他竟然从聚会开始一直睡到结束。
What an extraordinary thing to say!
真是咄咄怪事！
B. 不平常的；不一般的；非凡的；卓越的
an extraordinary achievement
卓越的成就
She was a truly extraordinary woman.
她是位非常杰出的女性。
C. [只用于名词前](formal) (. 会议等) 特别的；临时的
An extraordinary meeting was held to discuss the problem.
举行了特别会议讨论这个问题。
D. (紧接名词之后) (术语) (官员) 特派的；特命的
extraordinarily| k str :dnr li; 美 k str :rd ner li| adv.
extraordinarily difficult特别困难
She did extraordinarily well.她干得特别好。
67. depress|d pres| v.
A. vt. 使抑郁；使沮丧；使消沉；使失去信心
Wet weather always depresses me.
阴雨天总使我心情抑郁。
[动词 + 名词短语 + 带to的不定式]
It depresses me to see so many young girls smoking.
看到这么多女孩抽烟令我感到很沮丧。
B. vt. 使萧条；使不景气
The recession has depressed the housing market.
经济衰退导致住房市场不景气。
C. vt. 降低（价格）；减少（工资）
to depress wages/prices
减少工资；降低价格
D. vt.(formal) 按，压，推下（尤指机器部件）
depressed|d prest| adj.
A. 抑郁的；沮丧的；意志消沉的
She felt very depressed about the future.
她感到前途无望。
B. 患抑郁症的
C.(地方或企业) 不景气的；萧条的；经济困难的
an attempt to bring jobs to depressed areas
给经济萧条地区创造就业机会的努力
D. 低于一般水准的；降低了的；削弱了的
depressed prices降低了的价格
depressing|d pres | adj.
令人抑郁的；令人沮丧的；令人消沉的
Looking for a job these days can be very depressing.如今求职有时会令人非常沮丧。
depressingly adv.
a depressingly familiar experience
令人感到腻烦的经历
depression|d pre n| n.
A. [U] 抑郁症；精神忧郁
She suffered from severe depression after losing her job.
她失业后患了严重的抑郁症。
B. 抑郁；沮丧；消沉
C. 萧条期；经济衰退；不景气
D. [c](formal) 洼地；凹地；坑
E. [C](术语) 低气压；气压降低
68. upset| p set|
1)adj.
A. [名词前不可用] ~ (about sth) | ~ (that…) 难过；不高兴；失望；沮丧
There’s no point getting upset about it.犯不着为此事难过。
B. an upset stomach
肠胃不适；腹泻
2)v. (upsetting, upset, upset)
A. vt. 使烦恼；使心烦意乱；使生气,
This decision is likely to upset a lot of people.
这项决定很可能会使许多人不快。
Don't upset yourself about it─let's just forget it ever happened.你别为这事烦恼了——咱们就只当它没发生过。
It upset him that nobody had bothered to tell him about it.让他不高兴的是，谁也没把这件事告诉他。
It upsets me to think of her all alone in that big house.想到她孤身一人守着那所大房子，我就感到不舒服。
B. vt. 打乱；搅乱
He arrived an hour late and upset all our arrangements.他迟到了一个小时，把我们的一切安排都打乱了。
C. vt. ~ sb’s stomach 使（肠胃）不适
D. vt. 打翻；碰倒；使倾覆
She stood up suddenly, upsetting a glass of wine.
她蓦然起身，碰倒了一杯酒。
upset the apple cart
制造麻烦；打乱计划（或安排等）
3)n.
A. [U] （意外的）混乱，困扰，麻烦
The company has survived the recent upset in share prices.
这家公司撑过了最近股价的动荡。
B. [C] (竞赛) 意外的结果；爆冷门
C. [C] 肠胃病；腹泻
a stomach upset拉肚子
D. 不痛快；烦闷；失望；苦恼
It had been the cause of much emotional upset.
那便是使人情绪一落千丈的原因。
69. possess|p zes| v. (不用于进行时) 　
A. vt.(formal) 有；拥有
The gallery possesses a number of the artist's early works.这座画廊藏有那位画家的一些早期作品。
B. vt.(formal) 具有（特质）
I'm afraid he doesn’t possess a sense of humour.恐怕他没有什么幽默感。
C. vt.[常用被动态](literary) (感觉、情绪等) 攫住；支配；控制
Absolute terror possessed her.
她恐惧到了极点。
D. (用于否定句和疑问句) 使言行失常
What possessed him to say such a thing 他着了什么魔竟说出这种话来？
possession|p ze n|n.
A. [U](formal) 具有；拥有
The possession of a passport is essential for foreign travel.
出国旅行必须持有护照。
On her father's death, she came into possession of (= received) a vast fortune.
她父亲死后，她继承了一大笔财产。
B. [C, 常用复数] 个人财产；私人物品,=belongings
The ring is one of her most treasured possessions.
这只戒指是她最珍贵的财产之一。
C. [U] 控球状态
to win/get/lose possession of the ball赢得 / 得到 / 失去对球的控制
D. [U] 持有违禁物；私藏毒品（或武器）
She was charged with possession.
她被控持有违禁物品。
E. [C](formal) 殖民地；托管地；属地
Possession is nine tenths of the law.
(saying) 现实占有，败一胜九；占有者在诉讼中总占上风
70. abandon| b nd n|
1)vt.
A. ~ sb (to sth) （不顾责任、义务等）离弃，遗弃，抛弃
The baby had been abandoned by its mother.这个婴儿被母亲遗弃了。
The study showed a deep fear among the elderly of being abandoned to the care of strangers.研究表明，老人十分害怕被丢给陌生人照管。
B. ~ sth (to sb/sth) （不得已而）舍弃，丢弃，离开,=leave
Snow forced many drivers to abandon their vehicles.
大雪迫使许多驾驶者弃车步行。
C. 停止（支持或帮助）；放弃（信念）
The country abandoned its political leaders after the war.战后该国人民不再拥护他们的政治领袖。
D. 中止；放弃；不再有
They abandoned the match because of rain.因为下雨，他们中止了比赛。
E. ~ yourself to sth (literary) 陷入，沉湎于（某种情感）
He abandoned himself to despair [d spe (r)].他陷入绝望。
2)[U](formal) 放任；放纵
He signed cheques with careless abandon.他无所顾忌地乱开支票。
71. all of a sudden 突然；猛地
All of a sudden someone grabbed me around the neck.
猛不防有人抓住了我的脖子。
72. orchestra| :k str ; 美 :rk-| n.
A. [C+单数/复数 动词] 管弦乐队
She plays the flute in the school orchestra.
她在校管弦乐队里吹长笛。
B. the orchestra [单数](North Amercian English) (British English the orchestra stalls) = stalls n. (4) （剧场的）正厅前排座位
73. desperate| desp r t| adj.
A. （因绝望而）不惜冒险的，不顾一切的，拼命的
Stores are getting desperate after two years of poor sales.
两年来销路不畅，商店不惜冒起险来。
I heard sounds of a desperate struggle in the next room.我听到隔壁房间里有拼命挣扎的声音。
B. [常用于名词前] (行为) 绝望的；孤注一掷的；铤而走险的
His increasing financial difficulties forced him to take desperate measures .不断增加的经济困难迫使他采取了铤而走险的办法。
She clung to the edge in a desperate attempt to save herself.
为了活命，她拼命抓住边缘。
Doctors were fighting a desperate battle to save the little girl's life.医生们不惜一切地奋力抢救小女孩的生命。
C. [名词前不常用] ~ (for sth) | ~ (to do sth) 非常需要；极想；渴望
He was so desperate for a job he would have done anything.他当时太想找份工作了，什么事都愿意干。
D. (情况) 极严重的；极危险的；很危急的
The children are in desperate need of love and attention.
这些孩子非常需要爱心和关怀。
desperately adv.
desperately ill/unhappy/lonely
病得厉害；极为不快；极其孤独
He took a deep breath, desperately trying to keep calm.他深深地吸了口气，竭尽全力保持镇定。
She looked desperately around for a weapon.
她在四下里找，急于弄到一件武器。
74. uplifting| p l ft | adj.令人振奋的；鼓舞人心的；催人奋进的
an uplifting experience/speech
令人振奋的经历 / 演说
75. ease|i:z|
1) [U] 　
A. 容易；轻易；不费劲
He passed the exam with ease .
他轻而易举地通过了考试。
The ease with which she learns languages is astonishing.
她学习语言之轻松令人惊讶。
All important points are numbered for ease of reference.
全部重点均编了号码以便查阅。
B. 舒适；安逸；自在；无忧无虑
In his retirement, he lived a life of ease.
他退休后过着悠闲舒适的生活。
(stand) at ease稍息
at (your) ease
舒适；自由自在；无拘无束
I never feel completely at ease with him.我跟他在一起总感到不是很自在。
put sb at (their) ease
使舒适；使自在；使不受拘束
2)v.
A. （使）宽慰；减轻；缓解
This should help ease the pain.
这该有助于减轻痛苦。
The plan should ease traffic congestion in the town.这项计划对城里的交通拥挤状况应该有所缓解。
It would ease my mind (= make me less worried) to know that she was settled.
知道她已安顿下来会使我放心些。
The pain immediately eased.
疼痛立刻减轻了。
B. [~+ 副词或介词短语] （使）小心缓缓地移动
He eased slowly forwards.
他缓缓向前移动。
She eased herself into a chair.
她轻手轻脚地坐到椅子上。
He eased off his shoes.
他小心翼翼地脱下鞋子。
C. vt. 使…容易些
Ramps have been built to ease access for the disabled.
为方便残疾人的出入修建了坡道。
D. 缓和；放松,=relax
Ease your grip on the wheel a little.
握方向盘的手放松一点。
E. 降低；（使）贬值,=reduce
Share prices eased back from yesterday's levels.
股价从昨天的水平上回落了。
ease into sth | ease yourself/sb into sth
熟悉，使熟悉（新事物，尤指新工作）
ease off | ease off sth减轻；放松
We waited until the traffic had eased off.
我们一直等到交通缓解。
ease sb out (of sth)（尤指故意为难）迫使某人离开（工作岗位等）
ease up放慢速度; 减轻；缓和；放松
76.genius | d i:ni s| n.(pl. geniuses)
A. [U] 天才；天资；天赋
Her idea was a stroke of genius .
她的主意是聪明的一着。
B. [C] 天才人物；（某领域的）天才
He’s a genius at organizing people.
他是人员组织方面的天才。
You don't have to be a genius to see that they are in love!
傻子也能看出他们相爱了！
C. [单数] ~ for sth/for doing sth （特别的）才能，本领
He had a genius for making people feel at home.
他有一种能够使人感觉轻松自在的本领。
sb's good/evil genius(especially British English) 给人以好（或坏）影响的人；保护（或毁灭）人的神魔
77. variation| ve ri e n; 美 ver-| n.
A. ~ (in/of sth) （数量、水平等的）变化，变更，变异
Currency exchange rates are always subject to variation.
货币的兑换率始終波动。
regional/seasonal variation
地区性 / 季节性变化
B. [C] ~ (on sth) 变异的东西；变种；变体
This soup is a spicy variation on a traditional favourite.这种汤是在一种受欢迎的传统汤羹中加了香料。
C. [C] ~ (on sth) (音) 变奏；变奏曲
(figurative)His numerous complaints are all variations on a theme .他的满腹牢骚说来道去都是为了一件事。
78. chorus| k :r s|
1)n.
A. [C] 副歌
Everyone joined in the chorus.
唱到副歌时，大家都跟着齐唱起来。
B. [C] 合唱曲
C. [C+单数/复数 动词] (常用于名称) 合唱团；歌咏队,=choir [ kwa (r)]
D. [C+单数/复数 动词] 歌舞队
E. a ~ of sth [单数] 齐声，异口同声（表示同意或不同意）
a chorus of praise/complaint一片赞扬声 / 抱怨声
F. [单数名词 +单数/复数 动词] (古希腊戏剧) 歌队，合唱队（对剧情加以评论）
G. [单数] (尤指在16世纪的戏剧中) （开场白和收场白的）朗诵演员
in chorus 一起；一齐；同时
‘Thank you, ’ they said in chorus.
“谢谢。”他们齐声说道。
2)v. 合唱；齐声说；异口同声地说
‘Hello, Paul, ’ they chorused.
“你好，保罗。”他们齐声问候道。
79. grand|gr nd|
1)adj. (grander, grandest)
A. 壮丽的；堂皇的；重大的
It's not a very grand house.
这房子并不是十分富丽堂皇。
The wedding was a very grand occasion.婚礼场面非常隆重。
B. Grand [只用于名词前] （用于大建筑物等的名称）大
the Grand Canyon大峡谷
C. 宏大的；宏伟的；有气派的
a grand design/plan/strategy宏伟的蓝图；宏大的计划；重大的战略思想
New Yorkers built their city on a grand scale .
纽约人大规模地建造自己的城市。
D. (人) 傲慢的；高高在上的
E. (dialect or informal) 极好的；快乐的；美妙的；出色的
I had a grand day out at the seaside.
我在海边痛痛快快玩了一天。
F. Grand （对上层社会的人的称呼）大
grandly adv.
He described himself grandly as a ‘landscape architect ’.
他自封为“景观建筑师”。
grandness[U]
a/the grand old age 高龄
a/the grand old man (of sth)
元老；资深前辈；老前辈
2)n. (pl. grand)
A. (informal) $1 000; 1 000 * 1 000元；1 000英镑
It'll cost you five grand!
这要花去你5 000块钱！
B. = grand piano大钢琴；三角钢琴
concert grand大型三角钢琴；音乐会大钢琴
80. finale|f nɑ:li; 美 f n li| n.
A. （演出的）终场，结局；（音乐的）终曲，末乐章
The festival ended with a grand finale in Hyde Park.节日的压轴活动是在海德公园举行的盛大演出。
B. ~ (to sth) (置于形容词后) 结尾
a fitting finale to the day's events
当天活动的圆满结束
final| fa nl|
1)adj.
A. [只用于名词前] 最终的；最后的
B. [只用于名词前] （指结果）最终的，最后的
C. 决定性的；不可改变的；最终的
2)n.
A. [C] 决赛
B. finals [复数](British English) 大学毕业考试
to sit/take your finals
参加大学毕业考试
C. [C](North Ame