-2023届高三英语二轮复习： 倒装句讲义
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| 名称 | -2023届高三英语二轮复习： 倒装句讲义 |  | |
| 格式 | zip | ||
| 文件大小 | 23.0KB | ||
| 资源类型 | 教案 | ||
| 版本资源 | 通用版 | ||
| 科目 | 英语 | ||
| 更新时间 | 2022-08-01 17:18:09 | ||
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倒装句
部分倒装：指将谓语动词的一部分如助动(do, be, have)或情态动词（will, can, may, must…）置于主语之前。
only +状语或状语从句置于句首，被该状语修饰的句子用部分倒装。
Only in this way can you solve this problem.
Only after he had spoken out the word did he realize he had made a big mistake.
hardly, in no way, little, scarcely, seldom, never, no more, no longer, not, not only, no sooner, not only … (but also), not until… 等具有否定意义的词或词组位于句首，句子用部分倒装。
No sooner had I got home than it began to rain.
Seldom do I go to work by bus.
Not until twelve o'clock did she go to bed last night.
so / such...that结构中的so或such位于句首可以构成部分倒装句,表示强调so /such和that之间的部分。
So unreasonable was his price that everybody startled.
To such length did she go in rehearsal that the two actors walked out.
as, though 引导的部分倒装
as / though引导的让步从句由于语法需要，可将表语或状语提前（形容词, 副词, 分词, 实义动词提前）。但需注意：
1） 句首名词不能带任何冠词。
2） 句首是实义动词, 其他助动词放在主语后。如果实义动词有宾语和状语，随实义动词一起放在主语之前。
Shortest as/though she is, she is not the richest. (倒装后，最高级前不用冠词)
Child as he is, he knows a lot. (倒装后，单数名词前不用a)
Fail as I did, I would try again. (倒装后，实义动词提前，在主语后添加助动词。)
Hard as he tried, he didn't pass the exam. (副词提到句首)
Try hard as he will, he never seems able to do the work satisfactorily.
☆让步状语从句中，有though，although时，后面的主句不能有but，但是 though 和yet可连用。
在if虚拟语气条件句中
从句谓语动词有were, had, should等词，可将if 省略，把 were, had, should 移到主语之前，采取部分倒装。例如：
①Should it rain tomorrow, we would not play basketball. =If it should rain tomorrow, we would not play basketball.
②Had I prepared well, I couldn't have lost the job. = If I had prepared well, I couldn't have lost the job.
③Were I you, I would try it again. =If I were you, I would try it again.
完全倒装：完全倒装是指将句子中的谓语动词全部至于主语之前。通常只用一般现在时和过去时。
here、there、now、then、thus等副词开头的句子可构成完全倒装。条件是谓语动词是不及物动词，如arise、be、come、exist、go、follow等。需要注意的是，当主语是代词时，不能构成倒装。（方位词在句首，主语是名词，全部倒装）
Here comes our headmaster.
Here it is.
Here is your key.
以作状语的介词短语开头:当主语较长或主语所带修饰语较长时，为了使句子平衡，常将状语置于句首，句子用完全倒装语序。
①A. To the coal mine came a company of PLA soldiers with orders from the headquarters to rescue the trapped miners.
B. A company of PLA soldiers came to the coal mine with orders from the headquarters to rescue the trapped miners.
一个连队的解放军战士来到了那座煤矿，奉司令部之命解救受困的矿工。
②A. On the ground lay some air conditioners, which are to be shipped to some other cities.
B. Some air conditioners lay on the ground, which are to be shipped to some other cities.
地上放着一些空调，等着用船运到其他城市去。
以副词here, there开头的句子，也采用完全倒装来保持句子平衡。
例子：
Here is the letter you have been looking forward to.
你盼望已久的信在这儿。
表示方向的副词(如：down, up, out, in, off, on, away等)或拟声词(bang, crack等)置于句首，句子采用全部倒装的语序(主语为人称代词的句子除外)。
Up went the rocket into the air.
嗖地一声火箭就飞上天了。
Down jumped the criminal from the third floor when the policeman pointed his pistol at him.
当警察把手枪瞄准那个罪犯时，嘭地一下他就从三楼跳了下去。
Boom went the cannon!
轰隆一声大炮开火了!
Bang came another shot!
砰！又是一声枪响！
其他*
1. 为了避免句子部分内容不必要的重复，常用"so+be动词（助动词、情态动词）+主语"倒装句式或"neither/nor + be动词（助动词、情态动词）+主语"的倒装句式。
其中第一个句式表示"与前面所述的肯定情况相同"，第二个句式表示"与前面所述的否定情况相同"。
例子：
A:His brother is（not） a college student; B:so is mine. (neither/nor is mine .)
A: He used to have his further study abroad; B:so did I. (neither/nor did I.)
A: One of my friends can (not) speak three foreign languages; B: So can his wife. (neither/nor can his wife .)
可以概括成：主语相同不倒装，主语不同倒装。
*2.倒装可把前一句说到的人或物，或与前一句有联系的人或物在下一句紧接着先说出来，从而使前后两句在意思上的关系更加清楚，衔接更加紧密，起到承上启下的作用。
They broke into her uncle's bedroom and found the man lying on the floor, dead. Around his head was a brown snake.
他们破门进入她叔叔的卧室，发现他躺在地板上死了。一条棕褐色的蛇缠在他头上。
We really should not resent being called paupers. Paupers we are, and paupers we shall remain.
我们确实不应因为被称作穷光蛋而愤愤不平。我们的确是穷光蛋，而且还会继续是穷光蛋。
部分倒装：指将谓语动词的一部分如助动(do, be, have)或情态动词（will, can, may, must…）置于主语之前。
only +状语或状语从句置于句首，被该状语修饰的句子用部分倒装。
Only in this way can you solve this problem.
Only after he had spoken out the word did he realize he had made a big mistake.
hardly, in no way, little, scarcely, seldom, never, no more, no longer, not, not only, no sooner, not only … (but also), not until… 等具有否定意义的词或词组位于句首，句子用部分倒装。
No sooner had I got home than it began to rain.
Seldom do I go to work by bus.
Not until twelve o'clock did she go to bed last night.
so / such...that结构中的so或such位于句首可以构成部分倒装句,表示强调so /such和that之间的部分。
So unreasonable was his price that everybody startled.
To such length did she go in rehearsal that the two actors walked out.
as, though 引导的部分倒装
as / though引导的让步从句由于语法需要，可将表语或状语提前（形容词, 副词, 分词, 实义动词提前）。但需注意：
1） 句首名词不能带任何冠词。
2） 句首是实义动词, 其他助动词放在主语后。如果实义动词有宾语和状语，随实义动词一起放在主语之前。
Shortest as/though she is, she is not the richest. (倒装后，最高级前不用冠词)
Child as he is, he knows a lot. (倒装后，单数名词前不用a)
Fail as I did, I would try again. (倒装后，实义动词提前，在主语后添加助动词。)
Hard as he tried, he didn't pass the exam. (副词提到句首)
Try hard as he will, he never seems able to do the work satisfactorily.
☆让步状语从句中，有though，although时，后面的主句不能有but，但是 though 和yet可连用。
在if虚拟语气条件句中
从句谓语动词有were, had, should等词，可将if 省略，把 were, had, should 移到主语之前，采取部分倒装。例如：
①Should it rain tomorrow, we would not play basketball. =If it should rain tomorrow, we would not play basketball.
②Had I prepared well, I couldn't have lost the job. = If I had prepared well, I couldn't have lost the job.
③Were I you, I would try it again. =If I were you, I would try it again.
完全倒装：完全倒装是指将句子中的谓语动词全部至于主语之前。通常只用一般现在时和过去时。
here、there、now、then、thus等副词开头的句子可构成完全倒装。条件是谓语动词是不及物动词，如arise、be、come、exist、go、follow等。需要注意的是，当主语是代词时，不能构成倒装。（方位词在句首，主语是名词，全部倒装）
Here comes our headmaster.
Here it is.
Here is your key.
以作状语的介词短语开头:当主语较长或主语所带修饰语较长时，为了使句子平衡，常将状语置于句首，句子用完全倒装语序。
①A. To the coal mine came a company of PLA soldiers with orders from the headquarters to rescue the trapped miners.
B. A company of PLA soldiers came to the coal mine with orders from the headquarters to rescue the trapped miners.
一个连队的解放军战士来到了那座煤矿，奉司令部之命解救受困的矿工。
②A. On the ground lay some air conditioners, which are to be shipped to some other cities.
B. Some air conditioners lay on the ground, which are to be shipped to some other cities.
地上放着一些空调，等着用船运到其他城市去。
以副词here, there开头的句子，也采用完全倒装来保持句子平衡。
例子：
Here is the letter you have been looking forward to.
你盼望已久的信在这儿。
表示方向的副词(如：down, up, out, in, off, on, away等)或拟声词(bang, crack等)置于句首，句子采用全部倒装的语序(主语为人称代词的句子除外)。
Up went the rocket into the air.
嗖地一声火箭就飞上天了。
Down jumped the criminal from the third floor when the policeman pointed his pistol at him.
当警察把手枪瞄准那个罪犯时，嘭地一下他就从三楼跳了下去。
Boom went the cannon!
轰隆一声大炮开火了!
Bang came another shot!
砰！又是一声枪响！
其他*
1. 为了避免句子部分内容不必要的重复，常用"so+be动词（助动词、情态动词）+主语"倒装句式或"neither/nor + be动词（助动词、情态动词）+主语"的倒装句式。
其中第一个句式表示"与前面所述的肯定情况相同"，第二个句式表示"与前面所述的否定情况相同"。
例子：
A:His brother is（not） a college student; B:so is mine. (neither/nor is mine .)
A: He used to have his further study abroad; B:so did I. (neither/nor did I.)
A: One of my friends can (not) speak three foreign languages; B: So can his wife. (neither/nor can his wife .)
可以概括成：主语相同不倒装，主语不同倒装。
*2.倒装可把前一句说到的人或物，或与前一句有联系的人或物在下一句紧接着先说出来，从而使前后两句在意思上的关系更加清楚，衔接更加紧密，起到承上启下的作用。
They broke into her uncle's bedroom and found the man lying on the floor, dead. Around his head was a brown snake.
他们破门进入她叔叔的卧室，发现他躺在地板上死了。一条棕褐色的蛇缠在他头上。
We really should not resent being called paupers. Paupers we are, and paupers we shall remain.
我们确实不应因为被称作穷光蛋而愤愤不平。我们的确是穷光蛋，而且还会继续是穷光蛋。