中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
Unit 1 Where did you go on vacation
单元小结
【精讲精练】
要点1
词组辨析：quite a few与quite a little
quite a few 相当多；不少。修饰可数名词复数
e.g. He will stay here for quite a few days. 他会在这待不少天。
quite a little 许多；相当多。修饰不可数名词
e.g. There is quiet a little water in the bottle. 瓶子里有相当多的水。
few, a few, little 与a little的辨析
a few修饰可数名词的复数形式
few 作代词，表示“很少人（或事物、地方）”
表示否定意义 表示肯定意义
修饰/ 代指可数名词复数 few a few
修饰/ 代指不可数名词 little a little
【典例分析】
一、用 few, a few, little, a little 填空
1. Please hurry up. There is _________ time left.
2. Please don’t worry. There is still _________ time left.
3. The box is very heavy. And ___________of us can lift it.
4. There is __________ink in my pen, Please give me____________.
5. Simon makes __________ friends in his class because he is very selfish and dishonest.
6.There is _________food in the cupboard. I must go and get some.
7.The question is difficult and ____________ students can answer it.
8.The question is difficult but ____________ students can answer it.
二、单项选择
9. —Do you have any water
—Yes, there is ________ in my glass.
A. little B. a few C. a little D. few
10. In our school, ________ students like English, but ________ of them can speak it smoothly (流利地).
A. a little; a few B. a few; few
C. a few; little D. a little; few
11. The boy in black is new here, so ________ people know him.
A. few B. a few C. little D. a little
12. Don’t worry. The train starts at 5:00 p.m. We still have _________ time.
A. few B. a few C. little D. a little
要点2
so many，so much，too many， too much和much too辨析
so many 如此多，后接可数名词复数 There are so many people in the street. 大街上有如此多的人。
so much 如此多，后接不可数名词 We make so much pollution every day.我们每天制造如此多的污染。
too many 太多，后接可数名词复数 You made too many mistakes.你犯了太多的错误。
too much 太多，后接不可数名词 There is too much rain in Hefei this year.今年合肥下了太多的雨。
much too 太，过于，后接形容词或副词 It’s much too noisy in the room. I can’t stand it.房间里太吵了，我受不了了。
【典例分析】
1.请用too much, much too, too many填空
1). There is _____________ rice in my bowl.
2). We have _____________ apples in the bag.
3). Today is _____________ hot.
2.Don’t eat _______fat(肥肉), or you’ll get _______fat.
A. too much; much too B. much too; too much
C. too many; too much D. too much; too many
3.I can’t go to your party, because I have homework to do today.
A. too much B. much too C. too many D. many too
4. You can see ____ snow everywhere. It's ____ cold.
A. too many；much too B. too much；too many
C. too much；much too D. much too；too much
5. I have ____________ homework to do and I’m _______ tired now.
A. much too; too much B. too much; too much
C. too much; much too D. much too; much too
要点3
arrive， reach, get
arrive 不及物动词，意为“到达”，后常接介词in或at，in后接大地方如国家、省、市，at后接小地方。如村庄，广场，建筑物等后若是地点副词（here，there，home），则不需要用介词。 We can arrive in Beijing this afternoon.今天下午我们能够到达北京。He arrives at the bus stop at 8 o'clock every morning.他每天早晨8点到达公共汽车站。I arrive/get home at 4: 00 in the afternoon.我下午4点到家。
reach 及物动词,reach+地点 How did your father reach his office 你爸爸是如何到达他的办公室的
get 不及物动词, get to+地点名词后若是地点副词（here，there，home），则不需要用介词。 We get to school at 8: 00 every morning.我们每天早晨8点到校。
【典例分析】
1.My uncle _______ the airport at 9:00 pm yesterday.
A. arrived B. got C. reached D. appeared
2. Jim has _________ China for two years.
A. been to B. come to C. arrived in D. been in
3.Susan will _______ Beijing next Monday morning.
A. reach to B. get to C. arrive at D. go
4. When did your uncle ___ in Shanghai
A. arrive B. get C. reach D. arrived
要点4
try to do sth.努力做某事
try doing sth.
try on试穿
try one’s best to do sth.
try out 试用，试验
【典例分析】
1.Chinese parents always try their best _____ a good education environment for their kids.
A. provide B. to provide C. providing
2. If you want to buy this dress, you'd better________ first to make sure it fits you.
A. pay for it B. take it off C. tidy it up D. try it on
3.He tries ______music well, so he practices ______music every day.
A. to learn; to sing B. learning; singing C. to learn; singing D. learning; to sing
要点5 boring
boring: adj.令人厌倦的，烦人的，无聊的放在句子中，修饰的是物品或事物
bore: v. 使厌烦
bored: adj. 厌倦的放在句子中，修饰人。意思为：……感到厌倦
用来修饰人的形容词 bored 感到厌烦的；relaxed 感到放松的；interested 感到有趣的；surprised 感到吃惊的
用来修饰物的形容词 boring 令人厌烦的；relaxing 使人放松的；interesting 有趣的；surprising 令人惊讶的
【典例分析】
1. I am _______ to see my old friend again. (excite)
2. He tells me an ________ story every day. (excite)
3. The children are very _______ to play games. (excite)
4. The running race is so ________. (excite)
5. I think the film is _______ . (bore)
6. Several students are ______ at study. (bore)
7. —Did you feel ________ when you watched the TV program
—No. I think it is ________ to make me laugh.
A. boring; funny enough B. bored; funny enough
C. boring; enough funny D. bored; enough funny
8. They were __________________ when they heard the ________________ news.
A. surprised; exciting B. surprising; excited C. excited; surprised D. exciting; surprising
9. The result of the accident made everyone ________________.
A. surprising B. surprised C. surprise D. to surprise
10. I feel ________ when I watch that ________ match.
A. excited; excited B. excited; exciting
C. exciting; excited D. exciting; exciting
要点6 forget
forget v.忘记
forget to do sth. 忘记做某事(事情还没做) Don't forget to buy some fruit.别忘了买一些水果。(水果还没买)
Forget doing sth. 忘记做了某事(事情已经做了) I forgot borrowing some money from you.我忘了从你那儿借了一些钱了。(钱已借过)
【典例分析】
1.Tina is busy ____ at school, but she never forgets _____ her mother every day.
A. work; to call B. working; to call C. working; calling
2.I forgot _________(borrow) some money from you last week, I’m so sorry.
要点7
somebody，anybody，nobody与everybody的用法：
①somebody意为“某人；有人”，只表示人，作主语时跟单数动词，一般用在肯定句中。
②anybody意为“任何人”，只表示人，作主语时跟单数动词，一般用于否定句、疑问句或条件句中。
③nobody意为“无人；没有人”，只表示人，常用在肯定句中，表示否定意义，相当于not...anybody。
④everybody意为“每人，人人”，everybody与everyone 同义，作主语时，谓语动词用单数。
somebody 表示“有人；某人”，多用在肯定句中，还可以用在表示请求或期望得到肯定的疑问句中。
anybody 用在否定句或疑问句中意为“某人; 有人”用于肯定句时意为“任何人；随便哪个人”。着重于个体;
nobody 表示“任何人都不”。
everybody 表示“每个人；所有人”。着重于“整体”
【典例分析】
1. “I don’t think I am different from else . I am just the son of a farmer ,”Mo Yan said .
A. anyone B. nobody C. someone D. everyone
2—Morning, class. Is here today —No, sir. Tom is absent. He is ill at home.
A. anybody B. everybody C. nobody D. Somebody
3.—Who helped Betty tidy up the bedroom just now — _______. She cleaned it all by herself.
A. Somebody B. Nobody C. Everybody D. Anybody
4. Our teacher was very happy because ________ failed the examination.
A. somebody B. nobody C. anybody D. everybody
5.I don’t have a present for my friend. What if ______ else brings a present
A. anybody B. nobody C. everyone D. none
要点8 because
because与because of的区别
because, because of都表示“因为”：
区别 举例
because引导原因状语从句，because通常用来回答why提出的问题，与so不能同时使用 I did it because they asked me to do it!= They asked me to do it, so I did it.我做这件事是因为他们让我做!—Why didn’t you go to see the film 你为什么没去看这部电影 —Because I have seen it.因为我看过了。
because of意为“因为”，其后可接名词、代词、动名词以及由what引导的从句等 He didn’t go to school because of illness.他因为生病没去上学。He knew she was crying because of what he said.他知道她因为他说的话正在哭。
【典例分析】
1．The students didn’t need to go to school because there was a storm. （同义句改写）
The students didn’t need to go to school __________ ____ the storm.
2.He was ill, so he didn’t go to school. （同义句改写）
_____________ he was ill, he didn’t go to school.
3. He couldn’t walk because his leg was broken. （同义句改写）
He couldn’t walk ____________ ________ his _________ leg.
4. I came back because it was raining heavily. （同义句改写）
I came back ___________ ________ the ________ rain.
5. ______ I don’t have enough money, ______ I can’t afford the car.
A. /; so B. Because; so C./; and D./; because
6. He didn’t go to school yesterday ____ he was ill.
A. because B. because of C. if D. so
7. —________ the heavy rain, we didn’t go camping last Sunday.
—What a pity!
A. Thanks to B. Because of C. Instead of D. As for
要点9 enough
（1）enough是形容词，意为“充足的，充分的，足够的”，可作表语或定语，作定语时，可放在名词的前面或后面。例如：
The food is enough for the trip. 用于这次旅行的食物足够了。
I have enough time to watch TV. 我有足够的时间看电视。
（2）enough还可作副词，意为“足够地”，这时enough需放在所修饰的形容词或副词后面。例如：
The young man is strong enough to carry the heavy bag.
那个年轻人足够强壮能搬动重包。
【拓展】
（1）enough…to do sth. “有足够的……做某事”。例如：
I don’t have enough time to eat lunch. 我没有足够的时间吃午饭。
（2）…enough to do…可以同too…to…或so…that…结构互相转换。例如：
He isn’t old enough to go to school. = He is too young to go to school.
= He is so young that he can’t go to school. 他太小而不能上学。
【典例分析】
1.—Did you get the present
—No, I got there but there weren't .
A. enough early; ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )enough presents B. early enough; enough presents
C. early enough; presents enough D. enough early; presents enough
2.As teenagers, we a ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )re ______to help with housework. We can help wash the dishes and wash our clothes.
A. enough young B. enough old C. old enough D. young enough
3.Cathy checked her paper ______ so that she could get good grades this time .
A. careful enough B. enough careful C. enough carefully D. carefully enough
4. We don’t have ______ to buy this sweater, though the sweater is ______.
A. enough money, good enough B. enough money, enough good
C. money enough, well enough D. enough money, well enough
5.这个房间已经足够干净了。
The room is ___________________________.
6.这个男孩足够强壮，他能提起这么重的行李。
The boy is _________strong __________ he can carry such a heavy suitcase.
=The boy is ___________ __________ __________ ___________ such a heavy suitcase.
7.他年龄够大能上学。
He is __________ __________ to go to school.
=He is ________ old ________ he can go to school.
要点10
Something special/anywhere interesting
形容词修饰不定代词时，应该后置，即不 定代词后跟形容词。
【典例分析】
1.我有重要的事告诉你们。
I have _________ __________ to tell you.
2.你能够找到不同的东西吗？
Can you find ________ _________
3.他昨天见到某个名人.
He met __________ __________ yesterday.
4. Did Lisa tell you ________ in the letter
A. interesting anything B. anything interesting
C. interesting something D. something interesting
要点11 wait
wait 作为动词，意为“等待”。
① wait to do sth. “等候做某事”
② can’t wait to do sth. “迫不及待去做某事”
③ wait for sb./sth. “等待某人/某物”
④wait a moment/minute “等一会儿”
【典例分析】
1.瞧，一些人正等着吃中餐。
Look! Some people________ _________ ________ _______ lunch.
2.我迫不及待地要去看望乡下的爷爷和奶奶。
I ________ __________ __________ ___________ my grandparents in the countryside.
3.我爸爸每天总是在校门口等我。
My father always _________ __________me at the school gate every day.
4.等我一会儿，我就来。
_________ __________ ________. I’m coming.
5.My parents said that they would come to visit me .I couldn’t _____ to see them after several months away from home .
A. wait B. help C. expect D. afford
6.—Why are you late for school today
—I'm sorry. I didn't catch the early bus and I had to____ the next one.
A．wait for B．ask for C．care for D. look for
要点12 seem
seem常作系动词,意为“看来;似乎”,其常见结构如下:
1.seem+形容词/名词,意为“似乎……”。例如:
She seems quite happy today.今天她似乎很高兴。
She seems a clever girl.看来她是一个聪明的女孩。
2.seem+to do sth.,意为“好像要做某事”。例如:
Something seemed to be wrong with the train.火车好像出故障了。
3.It seems/seemed + that从句,意为“看起来似乎……”。
4.seem like...意为“似乎是……;看起来像……”。例如:
It seems like an interesting film.它看起来像是一部有趣的电影。
【典例分析】
1.它看起来像是一部有趣的电影。
It __________ ___________an interesting film.
2.他似乎已经找到他的钱包了。
_________ ________ ________he has found his wallet.
3.she seems unhappy. (改为同义句)
=She ________ ________ ________ unhappy.
=_______ _______ ______she is unhappy
4.It __________ that Joan had no chance to be a teacher at that moment.
A. tasted B. looked C. seemed D. smelt
5.—There are dark clouds, and the wind is blowing strongly.
—It ______ that a typhoon is coming.
A. feels B. sounds C. seems D. looks
要点13 感叹句
本句是由what形成的感叹句，英语中的感叹句分为两种：由what引导的感叹句和由how引导的感叹句。
由 what 引导的感叹句，其句子结构可分为以下三种：
1. “ What + a/an ＋形容词＋可数名词单数＋主语＋谓语！”，如：
What a nice present it is! 它是一件多么好的礼物啊！
2. “ What ＋形容词＋可数名词复数＋主语＋谓语！”，如：
What beautiful flowers they are! 多么漂亮的花啊！
3. “ What ＋形容词＋不可数名词＋主语＋谓语！”，如：
What fine weather it is today! 今天天气多好啊！
由 how 引导的感叹句，其句子结构也分为二种：
1. “ How ＋形容词 / 副词＋主语＋谓语！”，如：
How careful she is! 她多么细心啊！
2. “ How ＋形容词＋ a/an ＋可数名词单数＋主语＋谓语！”，如：
How beautiful a girl she is! 她是个多么漂亮的姑娘啊！
【典例分析】
1. ________special classes we had! We have learned a lot about paper cutting. （2019，山东青岛卷）
A. What B. What a C. How a D. How
2.-___________wonderful the music is! What’s its name -Victory.
A. How B. How a C. What D. What a
3.________ delicious the soup is! I’d like some more.
A. How B. How an C. What D. What an
4. 你们自己算出了这道数学题。多么聪明的孩子啊！
You have worked out the maths problem yourselves. ___________ ___________ children you are!
5. 你的手好脏呀！快去洗！
__________ __________ your hands are! Go and wash them now!
6. 多么美丽而宁静的岛屿啊！
__________ __________ beautiful and quiet island it is!
7.他们多么开心啊！
_________ ___________ they are!
8. 他跑得多快啊！没有人赶得上他。
____________ ___________ he runs! No one can catch up with him.
9. 天气真糟糕呀！又要开始下雨了。
___________ ___________ the weather is! It is going to rain again.
___________ ___________ weather it is ! It is going to rain again.
要点14
What do you think of…？
What do you think of…？意为“你觉得……怎么样？”用来询问对方的观点或看法，其同义句型为“How do you like…？”或“How do you feel about…？”
例： What does she think of her English teacher
＝How does she like her English teacher
＝How does she feel about her English teacher 她认为她的英语老师怎么样？
—She thinks he is a bit strict. 她觉得他有点儿严厉。
【典例分析】
1.—What do you think of talk shows
—________. I watch them every week.
A．I can't stand them B．I love them
C．I don't think so D．I agree with you
2.你认为这部电影怎么样？（3种翻译）
要点15
be like 和look like 区别
1.What does/do sb./sth. look like 这个句式是询问某个人或物的外貌特征。例如：
—What does the old man look like 那个老人长什么样？
—He is short and thin. 他又矮又瘦。
2.这里的be like意为“像……一样”，like是介词。这个句式是用来询问人的性格特征或者事物的属性。
1 要求对方对特定事物进行描述。
—What was the exam like 这次考试怎么样
—It was very difficult. 难极了。
② 询问天气情况。
—What is the weather like 天气怎么样？
—It’s fine. 天气不错。
③ 用于人时，既可指人的外表，也可指人的性格、品质。
—What is she like 她长得如何
—Very beautiful. 长得很漂亮。
—What is he like 他是怎样一个人
—He is very kind. 他很友好。
【典例分析】
1.广州夏天的天气如何？
________ ________ ________ ________ in Guangzhou in Summer.
________ ________ ________ ________ in Guangzhou in Summer.
2. 你老师是怎样一个人？她既善良又美丽.
__________ your teacher ___________？
--She is very kind and beautiful.
3. — ______is the weather there in summer
—There’s ______rain.
A. How; a lot of B. What; a lot of C. How; too many D. What; too many
4. ---What ____________ your teacher ________________
---She’s a pretty lady with long hair.
A. does; like B. does; look like C. is; like D. is; look like
5. —________？
—She is of medium height with blue eyes.
A. How is Rita B. What does Rita like
C. What does Rita look like D. How do you like Rita
6. —I hear Mr. Green is your new teacher.
—He is very friendly but a little strict.
A. What does he like B. What is he like
C. What does he look like D. How is he
【重点词组】
1. go on vacation =take a vacation=go for vacation 去度假
be on vacation 在度假（强调状态）
2. go to the beach 去海滩
3. go to the summer camp 去夏令营
4. quite a few/ a little /a lot (of) 相当多；不少
5. have a good time =have fun =enjoy oneself 玩的开心；过得愉快
6. of course 当然可以
7. feel like 给…的感觉；感受到
8. in the past 在过去
9. walk around 四处走走；绕……走
10. because of 因为
11. find out 找出；查明；查出来
12. take photos/a photo 照相
13. up and down 上上下下
14. keep a diary 记日记
15. wait for 等待，等候
16. in excitement 兴奋地；激动地
17. another two hours = two more hours 另外两小时
18. along the way 沿途
19. Bye for now!= Just stop here! 就此止笔！到此为止！
20. arrive in+大地点 / at+ 小地点 =get to / reach 到达某地
【重点句式】
1. Where did you go on vacation 你去哪儿度假的？
2. Long time no see.好久不见。
3. Did you go anywhere interesting 你去有趣的地方了吗？
4. I just stayed at home most of the time to read and relax.大多数时间我只是待在家里看书和放松。
5. I bought something for my father.我给我爸爸买了些东西。
6. Everything was excellent. 一切都很棒。
7. How did you like it 你觉得它怎么样？
8. I arrived at Penang in Malaysia this morning with my family. 今天早晨我和家人到达马来西亚的槟城。
9. For lunch, we had something very special. 午饭我们吃了很特别的东西。
10. …but many of the old buildings are still there .… 但是许多旧的建筑还在那里。
11. My father and I decided to go to Penang Hill today.今天我和爸爸决定去槟城山。
12. And because of the bad weather, we couldn’t see anything below.并且因为糟糕的天气，我们看不见下面的任何东西。
复合不定代词
一、构成
复合不定代词是由some, any, no, every加-body,-thing,-one构成，列表如下：
somebody 某人
someone 某人
something 某物，某事 anybody 任何人
anyone 任何人
anything 任何事物
nobody 没有人
no one 没有人
nothing 没有东西 everybody 每人
everyone 每人
everything 一切
二、用法
1. 复合不定代词若作主语，其谓语动词一般用单数。
I am new here, so nobody knows me.
Somebody is waiting for you at the gate.
2. 形容词修饰不定代词时，该形容词必须后置。
Something strange happened in our neighborhood.
There’s nothing difficult in the world if you put your heart into it.
Is there anybody important here
3. 复合不定代词与动词不定式连用，不定式必须后置。
Would you like something to eat
4. 含some-和any-的复合不定代词的用法区别
something; someone; somebody anything; anyone; anybody
一般用法 something, someone, somebody通常用于肯定句中
He found something strange but interesting. anything, anyone, anybody一般用于否定句，疑问句或条件状语从句中
Do you have anything to say
I can’t meet anybody on the island.
特殊用法 表示请求、邀请、提建议等带有委婉语气的疑问句；
希望得到对方肯定答复的疑问句中；
用something, someone, somebody
Would you like something to eat
Isn’t there something wrong with you 当anything表示“任何事(物)，无论何事(物)”；
anyone，anybody表示“无论谁，任何人”时；
也可用于肯定句中。
Anything is OK.
Anybody knows the answer.
5. nothing和nobody的用法
nothing nobody
用法 nothing 回答以what 开头的问题
—What’s on the table
—Nothing. nobody (no one) 回答who 开头的问题
—Who is in the classroom
—Nobody. (No one).
【典例分析】
1. I’m hungry, would you please give me ________ to eat
A. something delicious B. anything delicious
C. delicious something D. nothing delicious
2.He asked me if there was _______to read.
A. easy enough something B. enough easy something
C．something easy enough D．something enough easy
3.I really have something important_______.
A．do B．to doing C．to do D．does
4.I agree with most of what you said, but I don’t agree with ______.
A．everything B．anything C．something D．nothing
5.—The exam was difficult, wasn’t it
—No, but I don’t think ______ could pass it.
A．somebody B．anybody C．nobody D． everybody
6. —Did ________ finish your homework last night
—Yes, Miss Gao. We always finish homework on time.
A. someone B. anyone C. no one D. everyone
7. —What should (应该) we do on Qingming Festival
—I think doing ________ special for our ancestors (祖先) is the best choice.
A. nothing B. anything C. everything D. something
8. I don’t like the movie. There is ________ interesting in it.
A. something B. anything C. nothing D. everything
9. —John, are there any good movies showing right now
—I’m afraid there is _______ these days. Let’s go shopping instead.
A. something interesting B. nothing interesting
C. interesting something D. interesting nothing
10. We can’t do _________ for Qujing, my hometown. But we can do something to make it a better place.
A. nothing B. anything C. everything D. something
二、选词填空
something; none; anyone; anything; everyone; nothing; someone
1. —Is ________ here today
—No. Jim is ill today.
2. —Doctor! I don’t feel like eating today.
—Oh. _________ bad. But you have to sleep well every night.
3. I want to say __________ about it.
4. Listen! __________ is singing in the classroom.
5. I can’t find __________ in the bag.
6. Did you meet __________ on the way home
7. ________ of the teachers like him.
话题一：旅行游记
本单元主要话题是节日与假期，与本单元相关的写作题目可以与节假日里的旅游相结合。命题内容以游览为主，根据提示记叙在节假日里旅游的大致情况。写作时应注意游记的内容、格式以及时态的应用。
描述旅行的内容从以下几个方面入手
(1) Where did you go
(2) How was the weather
(3) What did you do
(4) How was the food
(5) How were the people
(6) How did you feel about the trip
①词汇库
旅游trip；度假vacation；开心happy；喜欢like/enjoy；天气weather；品尝taste；特别的special；兴奋的excited/exciting；厌倦的bored/boring；糟糕的terrible；尝试try；不喜欢dislike；令人愉快的enjoyable；到达get to/arrive in(at);美味的delicious；攀爬climb；
②短语箱
旅行pay a visit to/take a trip to；度假go on vacation；喜欢be fond of；玩得开心have a good time/have fun/enjoy oneself；因为because of；拍照take pictures;买礼物buy gifts
③链接句型
1. Where did you go on vacation
2. Did you do anything special there？
3. Did you buy anything for your best friends
4. I took a trip/paid a visit to Beijing.
5. I arrived in Penang in Malaysia this morning with my family.
6. It took me+时间+to do sth
7. How did you feel about the trip
8. We started at 9:30 a.m. and saw lots of special flowers along the way.
【实战演练】
为了提高英语写作水平，你们英语老师要求你们每天用英语写日记。假如今天是星期日(4月12日)，你和你的家人出去春游了，玩得非常开心。请你根据下面表格中的提示，用英语写一则日记，可适当发挥。
要求：80词左右，日记的格式已给出，不计入总词数。
天气 阳光明媚
活动 上午 爬山，放风筝，植树
中午 吃自带食物
下午 参观农场
感受 累但很开心
Sunday, April 12th
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
思维导图
知识要点一、重点单词，短语及句式。
知识要点二：语法
知识要点三：书面表达
HYPERLINK "http://21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)
" 21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
Unit 1 Where did you go on vacation
单元小结
【精讲精练】
要点1
词组辨析：quite a few与quite a little
quite a few 相当多；不少。修饰可数名词复数
e.g. He will stay here for quite a few days. 他会在这待不少天。
quite a little 许多；相当多。修饰不可数名词
e.g. There is quiet a little water in the bottle. 瓶子里有相当多的水。
few, a few, little 与a little的辨析
a few修饰可数名词的复数形式
few 作代词，表示“很少人（或事物、地方）”
表示否定意义 表示肯定意义
修饰/ 代指可数名词复数 few a few
修饰/ 代指不可数名词 little a little
【典例分析】
一、用 few, a few, little, a little 填空
1. Please hurry up. There is _________ time left.
【解析】little。句意：请快点。剩下的时间不多了。Time 不可数名词。little 表示：几乎没有。little符合题意。
2. Please don’t worry. There is still _________ time left.
【解析】a little 句意：请不要担心。还有一点时间。a little表示：有一点。
3. The box is very heavy. And ___________of us can lift it.
【解析】few 句意：这个箱子很重。很少有人能举起它。few 几乎没有，修饰可数名词。
4. There is __________ink in my pen, Please give me____________.
【解析】little a little 句意：我的钢笔里没有墨水，请给我一点。
5. Simon makes __________ friends in his class because he is very selfish and dishonest.
【解析】few 句意：西蒙在班上很少交朋友，因为他非常自私和不诚实。few 几乎没有，修饰可数名词。
6.There is _________food in the cupboard. I must go and get some.
【解析】little 句意：碗橱里几乎没有食物。我得去拿点。Little 几乎没有。符合题意。
7.The question is difficult and ____________ students can answer it.
【解析】few 句意：这个问题很难，几乎没有学生能回答。few 几乎没有，修饰可数名词。
8.The question is difficult but ____________ students can answer it.
【解析】a few 句意：这个问题很难，但有几个学生能回答。A few 有几个。
二、单项选择
9. —Do you have any water
—Yes, there is ________ in my glass.
A. little B. a few C. a little D. few
【答案】C
【解析】句意：——你有水吗？——是的，我的杯子里有一点。
考查形容词。few几乎没有，修饰可数名词；a few一些，修饰可数名词，little几乎没有，修饰不可数名词；a little一些，修饰不可数名词；a few, a little含肯定意味，few, little含否定意味，根据Yes, 可知是肯定的，water是不可数名词，用a little修饰；故选C。
10. In our school, ________ students like English, but ________ of them can speak it smoothly (流利地).
A. a little; a few B. a few; few
C. a few; little D. a little; few
【答案】B
【解析】句意：在我们学校，少数学生喜欢英语，但很少有人能流利地说英语。
考查词汇辨析，few / a few用来修饰可数名词，few表示否定意义“没有，几乎没有”，a few表示有肯定意思“有几个”；little / a little用来修饰不可数名词，little表示否定意思“没有，几乎没有”，a little 表示肯定意思“有一点儿”；students复数，可知第一空应该用a few；再根据“but”表转折，可知应该是很少有人能流利地说英语，用few，故选B。
11. The boy in black is new here, so ________ people know him.
A. few B. a few C. little D. a little
【答案】A
【解析】句意：这个穿黑色衣服的男孩是新来的，因此很少有人认识他。
考查不定代词辨析。few很少，表示否定含义，修饰可数名词复数；a few几个，表达肯定含义，修饰可数名词复数；little很少，表达否定含义，修饰不可数名词；a little一点，表达肯定含义，修饰不可数名词。根据上文“The boy in black is new here”，可知设空处表示否定含义，people是集合名词，需用few修饰，故选A。
12. Don’t worry. The train starts at 5:00 p.m. We still have _________ time.
A. few B. a few C. little D. a little
【答案】D
【解析】句意：不要担心。火车在下午5点出发。我们还有一点时间。
考查不定代词辨析。few几乎没有，表示否定，修饰可数名词；a few几个，一些，表示肯定，修饰可数名词；little几乎没有，表示否定，修饰不可数名词；a little少数的，表示肯定，修饰不可数名词。空后的time是不可数名词，可排除AB两项；根据上文“Don’t worry. The train starts at 5:00 p.m.”可知还有时间，空处表示肯定意义，故选D。
要点2
so many，so much，too many， too much和much too辨析
so many 如此多，后接可数名词复数 There are so many people in the street. 大街上有如此多的人。
so much 如此多，后接不可数名词 We make so much pollution every day.我们每天制造如此多的污染。
too many 太多，后接可数名词复数 You made too many mistakes.你犯了太多的错误。
too much 太多，后接不可数名词 There is too much rain in Hefei this year.今年合肥下了太多的雨。
much too 太，过于，后接形容词或副词 It’s much too noisy in the room. I can’t stand it.房间里太吵了，我受不了了。
【典例分析】
1.请用too much, much too, too many填空
1). There is _____________ rice in my bowl.
2). We have _____________ apples in the bag.
3). Today is _____________ hot.
【答案】1.too much 2.too many 3.much too
2.Don’t eat _______fat(肥肉), or you’ll get _______fat.
A. too much; much too B. much too; too much
C. too many; too much D. too much; too many
【答案】A
【解析】考查短语辨析。句意:不要吃太多的肥肉, 否则你会变很胖。too much后接不可数名词; much too后接形容词或副词; too many后接可数名词复数。
3.I can’t go to your party, because I have homework to do today.
A. too much B. much too C. too many D. many too
【答案】A
【解析】homework 为不可数名词,此处意为“太多”,用 too much 修饰。
4. You can see ____ snow everywhere. It's ____ cold.
A. too many；much too B. too much；too many
C. too much；much too D. much too；too much
【答案】C
【解析】修饰不可数名词snow要用too much；修饰形容词cold要用much too。故选C。
5. I have ____________ homework to do and I’m _______ tired now.
A. much too; too much B. too much; too much
C. too much; much too D. much too; much too
【答案】C
【解析】句意： 我有太多的家庭作业要做，而且现在我太累了。
考查短语。much too 太，后面跟形容词或副词；too much 太多，后跟不可数名词。这里homework是不可数名词，用too much修饰。tired累的，形容词。用much too修饰，故选C。
要点3
arrive， reach, get
arrive 不及物动词，意为“到达”，后常接介词in或at，in后接大地方如国家、省、市，at后接小地方。如村庄，广场，建筑物等后若是地点副词（here，there，home），则不需要用介词。 We can arrive in Beijing this afternoon.今天下午我们能够到达北京。He arrives at the bus stop at 8 o'clock every morning.他每天早晨8点到达公共汽车站。I arrive/get home at 4: 00 in the afternoon.我下午4点到家。
reach 及物动词,reach+地点 How did your father reach his office 你爸爸是如何到达他的办公室的
get 不及物动词, get to+地点名词后若是地点副词（here，there，home），则不需要用介词。 We get to school at 8: 00 every morning.我们每天早晨8点到校。
【典例分析】
1.My uncle _______ the airport at 9:00 pm yesterday.
A. arrived B. got C. reached D. appeared
【答案】C
【解析】句意：我叔叔昨天晚上9点到达机场。A. arrived是不及物动词，后接宾语时要用介词at或in；B. got是不及物动词，后接宾语时要用介词to；C. reached是及物动词，后直接接宾语；D. appeared出现。句子My uncle _______ the airport at 9:00 pm yesterday.中的the airport前，没有任何介词，因此用动词reach。语境是：我叔叔昨天晚上9点到达机场。故选C。
2. Jim has _________ China for two years.
A. been to B. come to C. arrived in D. been in
【答案】D
【解析】arrive in 到达。非延续性动词。不能于一段时间连用。
3.Susan will _______ Beijing next Monday morning.
A. reach to B. get to C. arrive at D. go
【答案】B
【解析】句意：苏珊下周一上午将到达北京。A. reach是及物动词，后直接接宾语,不需要要to；B. get是不及物动词，后接宾语时要用介词to；C. arrive是不及物动词，后接宾语时要用介词at或in；达到Beijing 用in D. go后面跟宾语要用to。句子Susan will _______ Beijing next Monday morning. 中的Beijing前，没有任何介词，因此用动词reach。语境是：苏珊下周一上午将到达北京。故选A。
4. When did your uncle ___ in Shanghai
A. arrive B. get C. reach D. arrived
【答案】A
【解析】句意：你叔叔什么时候到上海的？A. arrive“到达”，与介词in/at连用；B. get“得到”，与to连用是到达的意思；C. reach“到达”，及物动词，不与介词连用。由句意可知选A。
要点4
try to do sth.努力做某事
try doing sth.
try on试穿
try one’s best to do sth.
try out 试用，试验
【典例分析】
1.Chinese parents always try their best _____ a good education environment for their kids.
A. provide B. to provide C. providing
【解析】B考查固定搭配try one’s best to do sth. 尽某人最大努力做某事。
2. If you want to buy this dress, you'd better________ first to make sure it fits you.
A. pay for it B. take it off C. tidy it up D. try it on
【解析】D 用句意判断法解答。本题表示的是买衣服时的场景，应先“试穿”一下。
3.He tries ______music well, so he practices ______music every day.
A. to learn; to sing B. learning; singing C. to learn; singing D. learning; to sing
【解析】C句意“他尽量把音乐学好，所以他每天都练习唱歌”。try to do尽力做，try doing sth尝试做某事。根据so he practices ______ music every day可知，他要尽力把音乐学好，排除B和D。再根据practise doing“练习做某事”可知，故选C。
要点5 boring
boring: adj.令人厌倦的，烦人的，无聊的放在句子中，修饰的是物品或事物
bore: v. 使厌烦
bored: adj. 厌倦的放在句子中，修饰人。意思为：……感到厌倦
用来修饰人的形容词 bored 感到厌烦的；relaxed 感到放松的；interested 感到有趣的；surprised 感到吃惊的
用来修饰物的形容词 boring 令人厌烦的；relaxing 使人放松的；interesting 有趣的；surprising 令人惊讶的
【典例分析】
1. I am _______ to see my old friend again. (excite)
【解析】excited “ed”的形容词。用来修饰人的形容词。
2. He tells me an ________ story every day. (excite)
【解析】exciting “ing”的形容词，用来修饰物的形容词。
3. The children are very _______ to play games. (excite)
【解析】excited “ed”的形容词。用来修饰人的形容词。
4. The running race is so ________. (excite)
【解析】exciting “ing”的形容词，用来修饰物的形容词。
5. I think the film is _______ . (bore)
【解析】boring “ing”的形容词，用来修饰物的形容词。
6. Several students are ______ at study. (bore)
【解析】bored “ed”的形容词。用来修饰人的形容词。
7. —Did you feel ________ when you watched the TV program
—No. I think it is ________ to make me laugh.
A. boring; funny enough B. bored; funny enough
C. boring; enough funny D. bored; enough funny
【答案】B
【解析】句意：——你看电视节目时觉得无聊吗？——不。我觉得这很有趣，足以让我发笑。
考查形容词辨析，boring令人厌倦，修饰物或物作主语时用；bored感到厌倦的，修饰人或人作主语时用；第一空主语为you，排除A、C；funny形容词，enough修饰形容词应后置，排除D。故选B。
8. They were __________________ when they heard the ________________ news.
A. surprised; exciting B. surprising; excited C. excited; surprised D. exciting; surprising
【解析】A句意：当他们听到这个令人兴奋的消息的时候，他们是很惊讶的。考查使意动词变化变化而成的形容词用法辨析。通常结尾+ing的形容词用来描述“事物”；结尾+ed的形容词用来描述“人物”。根据第一个横线在描述人物，第二个横线在描述事物。故选A。
9. The result of the accident made everyone ________________.
A. surprising B. surprised C. surprise D. to surprise
【解析】B句意：这起事故的结果使得所有人都很惊讶。考查使意动词变化变化而成的形容词用法辨析。根据句中的使役动词make everyone +形容词是在描述人物。故选B。
10. I feel ________ when I watch that ________ match.
A. excited; excited B. excited; exciting
C. exciting; excited D. exciting; exciting
【答案】B
【解析】句意：当我看令人激动的比赛的时候我感到很激动。
考查形容词辨析。excited感到激动的，修饰人；exciting令人激动的，修饰物。第一空根据I可知，是说我很激动，因此是excited，在句中作表语；第二空表达“令人激动的”比赛，因此是exciting，在句中作定语。故选B。
要点6 forget
forget v.忘记
forget to do sth. 忘记做某事(事情还没做) Don't forget to buy some fruit.别忘了买一些水果。(水果还没买)
Forget doing sth. 忘记做了某事(事情已经做了) I forgot borrowing some money from you.我忘了从你那儿借了一些钱了。(钱已借过)
【典例分析】
1.Tina is busy ____ at school, but she never forgets _____ her mother every day.
A. work; to call B. working; to call C. working; calling
【解析】此题用固定搭配法。be busy doing sth. 意为“忙于做某事”，forget to do sth. 意为“忘记去做某事”。
2.I forgot _________(borrow) some money from you last week, I’m so sorry.
【解析】borrowing forget doing sth.忘了做过某事。
要点7
somebody，anybody，nobody与everybody的用法：
①somebody意为“某人；有人”，只表示人，作主语时跟单数动词，一般用在肯定句中。
②anybody意为“任何人”，只表示人，作主语时跟单数动词，一般用于否定句、疑问句或条件句中。
③nobody意为“无人；没有人”，只表示人，常用在肯定句中，表示否定意义，相当于not...anybody。
④everybody意为“每人，人人”，everybody与everyone 同义，作主语时，谓语动词用单数。
somebody 表示“有人；某人”，多用在肯定句中，还可以用在表示请求或期望得到肯定的疑问句中。
anybody 用在否定句或疑问句中意为“某人; 有人”用于肯定句时意为“任何人；随便哪个人”。着重于个体;
nobody 表示“任何人都不”。
everybody 表示“每个人；所有人”。着重于“整体”
【典例分析】
1. “I don’t think I am different from else . I am just the son of a farmer ,”Mo Yan said .
A. anyone B. nobody C. someone D. everyone
【解析】A 句意：“我觉得我和其他人没什么不同。我只是一个农民的儿子，”莫言说。用在否定句或疑问句中，意为“任何人；随便哪个人”。
2—Morning, class. Is here today —No, sir. Tom is absent. He is ill at home.
A. anybody B. everybody C. nobody D. Somebody
【解析】B 句意：早上好，同学们。今天大家都到齐了吗？-不，先生。汤姆不在。他生病在家。表示“每个人；所有人”。
3.—Who helped Betty tidy up the bedroom just now — _______. She cleaned it all by herself.
A. Somebody B. Nobody C. Everybody D. Anybody
【解析】B 句意：刚才是谁帮贝蒂整理卧室的？-没人，她自己整理的。Nobody没有任何人。
4. Our teacher was very happy because ________ failed the examination.
A. somebody B. nobody C. anybody D. everybody
【解析】B 句意：我们的老师很高兴，因为没有人考试不及格。Nobody没有任何人。
5.I don’t have a present for my friend. What if ______ else brings a present
A. anybody B. nobody C. everyone D. none
【解析】A anybody还可以用在条件状语从句中。用于肯定句时意为“任何人；随便哪个人”
要点8 because
because与because of的区别
because, because of都表示“因为”：
区别 举例
because引导原因状语从句，because通常用来回答why提出的问题，与so不能同时使用 I did it because they asked me to do it!= They asked me to do it, so I did it.我做这件事是因为他们让我做!—Why didn’t you go to see the film 你为什么没去看这部电影 —Because I have seen it.因为我看过了。
because of意为“因为”，其后可接名词、代词、动名词以及由what引导的从句等 He didn’t go to school because of illness.他因为生病没去上学。He knew she was crying because of what he said.他知道她因为他说的话正在哭。
【典例分析】
1．The students didn’t need to go to school because there was a storm. （同义句改写）
The students didn’t need to go to school __________ ____ the storm.
【解析】 because of
2.He was ill, so he didn’t go to school. （同义句改写）
_____________ he was ill, he didn’t go to school.
【解析】Because
3. He couldn’t walk because his leg was broken. （同义句改写）
He couldn’t walk ____________ ________ his _________ leg.
【解析】because of broken
4. I came back because it was raining heavily. （同义句改写）
I came back ___________ ________ the ________ rain.
【解析】 because of heavy
5. ______ I don’t have enough money, ______ I can’t afford the car.
A. /; so B. Because; so C./; and D./; because
【解析】A because通常用来回答why提出的问题，与so不能同时使用。
6. He didn’t go to school yesterday ____ he was ill.
A. because B. because of C. if D. so
【解析】because 后面通常接句子，表示“原因”。Because of 接短语。
7. —________ the heavy rain, we didn’t go camping last Sunday.
—What a pity!
A. Thanks to B. Because of C. Instead of D. As for
【答案】B
【解析】句意：——因为大雨，我们上周日没有去野营。——太可惜了！
考查介词短语辨析。Thanks to多亏；Because of因为，后加名词或名词短语；Instead of而不是；As for对于。根据“we didn't go camping last Sunday”可知设空处表示“因为”。故选B。
要点9 enough
（1）enough是形容词，意为“充足的，充分的，足够的”，可作表语或定语，作定语时，可放在名词的前面或后面。例如：
The food is enough for the trip. 用于这次旅行的食物足够了。
I have enough time to watch TV. 我有足够的时间看电视。
（2）enough还可作副词，意为“足够地”，这时enough需放在所修饰的形容词或副词后面。例如：
The young man is strong enough to carry the heavy bag.
那个年轻人足够强壮能搬动重包。
【拓展】
（1）enough…to do sth. “有足够的……做某事”。例如：
I don’t have enough time to eat lunch. 我没有足够的时间吃午饭。
（2）…enough to do…可以同too…to…或so…that…结构互相转换。例如：
He isn’t old enough to go to school. = He is too young to go to school.
= He is so young that he can’t go to school. 他太小而不能上学。
【典例分析】
1.—Did you get the present
—No, I got there but there weren't .
A. enough early; ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )enough presents B. early enough; enough presents
C. early enough; presents enough D. enough early; presents enough
【解析】B 句意：——你得到礼品了吗？——没有，我到的足够早，但是没有足够的礼品了。形容词或者副词+enough足够……，固定搭配，early是副词，所以用early enough，排除A、D。enough+名词，固定搭配，presents是名词，所以用enough presents，故选B。
2.As teenagers, we a ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )re ______to help with housework. We can help wash the dishes and wash our clothes.
A. enough young B. enough old C. old enough D. young enough
【解析】C句意： 作为青少年，我们足够大了可以帮助做家务。我们可以帮忙洗碗和洗衣服。enough修饰形容词，位于形容词后，故排除A和B选项，根据 We can help wash the dishes and wash our clothes，可知能帮助做家务是年龄足够大了，old，年老的，故选C。
3.Cathy checked her paper ______ so that she could get good grades this time .
A. careful enough B. enough careful C. enough carefully D. carefully enough
【解析】D 形容词/副词+enough for sb”对某人来说足够……. 这里enough修饰副词同样放在副词后面。故用D
4. We don’t have ______ to buy this sweater, though the sweater is ______.
A. enough money, good enough B. enough money, enough good
C. money enough, well enough D. enough money, well enough
【答案】A
【解析】句意：我们没有足够的钱买这件毛衣，尽管它质量很好。
考查enough的用法。enough"足够的"，可做形容词和副词，enough用作形容词修饰名词时放在名词之前，用作副词修饰形容词时应放在形容词之后，说物品质量好，用good不能用well。故选A。
5.这个房间已经足够干净了。
The room is ___________________________.
【解析】clean enough
6.这个男孩足够强壮，他能提起这么重的行李。
The boy is _________strong __________ he can carry such a heavy suitcase.
=The boy is ___________ __________ __________ ___________ such a heavy suitcase.
【解析】so that strong enough to carry “形容词/副词+enough to do”足够，以致能……可以与so。。。that 进行句式转换。
7.他年龄够大能上学。
He is __________ __________ to go to school.
=He is ________ old ________ he can go to school.
【解析】old enough so that。“形容词/副词+enough to do”足够，以致能……
要点10
Something special/anywhere interesting
形容词修饰不定代词时，应该后置，即不 定代词后跟形容词。
【典例分析】
1.我有重要的事告诉你们。
I have _________ __________ to tell you.
【解析】something important
2.你能够找到不同的东西吗？
Can you find ________ _________
【解析】anything different
3.他昨天见到某个名人.
He met __________ __________ yesterday.
【解析】somebody famous
4. Did Lisa tell you ________ in the letter
A. interesting anything B. anything interesting
C. interesting something D. something interesting
【解析】B考查不定代词的用法。句意：丽莎在信中告诉你任何有趣的事情了吗？something意为“某事”，常用于肯定句；anything意为“任何事情”，常用于否定句和疑问句。形容词interesting（有趣的)，修饰不定代词something或anything，要放在不定代词之后。故选B。
要点11 wait
wait 作为动词，意为“等待”。
① wait to do sth. “等候做某事”
② can’t wait to do sth. “迫不及待去做某事”
③ wait for sb./sth. “等待某人/某物”
④wait a moment/minute “等一会儿”
【典例分析】
1.瞧，一些人正等着吃中餐。
Look! Some people________ _________ ________ _______ lunch.
【解析】are waiting to have. wait to do sth. “等候做某事”
2.我迫不及待地要去看望乡下的爷爷和奶奶。
I ________ __________ __________ ___________ my grandparents in the countryside.
【解析】can’t wait to visit. can’t wait to do sth. “迫不及待去做某事”
3.我爸爸每天总是在校门口等我。
My father always _________ __________me at the school gate every day.
【解析】waits for. wait for sb./sth. “等待某人/某物”
4.等我一会儿，我就来。
_________ __________ ________. I’m coming.
【解析】Wait a moment/minute
5.My parents said that they would come to visit me .I couldn’t _____ to see them after several months away from home .
A. wait B. help C. expect D. afford
【解析】考查动词辨析。语境表示，“我”父母说他们要来看“我”，“我”迫不及待地想看到他们。can't/couldn't wait to do sth.为固定短语，意为“迫不及待做某事”，符合题意。故选A。
6.—Why are you late for school today
—I'm sorry. I didn't catch the early bus and I had to____ the next one.
A．wait for B．ask for C．care for D. look for
【解析】A考查动词短语辨析。由交际情境可知，“我”上学迟到了。因为“我”没有赶上早班车，所以“我”必须等下一班车。wait for“等候”，ask for“请求，征求”，care for“关心、照顾、喜欢”。故选A。
要点12 seem
seem常作系动词,意为“看来;似乎”,其常见结构如下:
1.seem+形容词/名词,意为“似乎……”。例如:
She seems quite happy today.今天她似乎很高兴。
She seems a clever girl.看来她是一个聪明的女孩。
2.seem+to do sth.,意为“好像要做某事”。例如:
Something seemed to be wrong with the train.火车好像出故障了。
3.It seems/seemed + that从句,意为“看起来似乎……”。
4.seem like...意为“似乎是……;看起来像……”。例如:
It seems like an interesting film.它看起来像是一部有趣的电影。
【典例分析】
1.它看起来像是一部有趣的电影。
It __________ ___________an interesting film.
【答案】seems like
2.他似乎已经找到他的钱包了。
_________ ________ ________he has found his wallet.
【答案】It seems that
3.she seems unhappy. (改为同义句)
=She ________ ________ ________ unhappy.
=_______ _______ ______she is unhappy
【答案】seems to be = It seems that
4.It __________ that Joan had no chance to be a teacher at that moment.
A. tasted B. looked C. seemed D. smelt
【答案】C
【解析】句意：在那一刻，琼看起来好像没有机会成为一名教师。看起来好像…“It seems that+从句”固定句型；根据句中的had可知时态应用一般过去时，结合选项，故答案选C。
5.—There are dark clouds, and the wind is blowing strongly.
—It ______ that a typhoon is coming.
A. feels B. sounds C. seems D. looks
【答案】C
【解析】考查词义辨析。句意：—有乌云，风刮得很大。—似乎一场台风要来。A感觉，B听起来，C似乎，D看起来。句型It seems that...似乎……。其余三项不用于此类句型。故选C。
要点13 感叹句
本句是由what形成的感叹句，英语中的感叹句分为两种：由what引导的感叹句和由how引导的感叹句。
由 what 引导的感叹句，其句子结构可分为以下三种：
1. “ What + a/an ＋形容词＋可数名词单数＋主语＋谓语！”，如：
What a nice present it is! 它是一件多么好的礼物啊！
2. “ What ＋形容词＋可数名词复数＋主语＋谓语！”，如：
What beautiful flowers they are! 多么漂亮的花啊！
3. “ What ＋形容词＋不可数名词＋主语＋谓语！”，如：
What fine weather it is today! 今天天气多好啊！
由 how 引导的感叹句，其句子结构也分为二种：
1. “ How ＋形容词 / 副词＋主语＋谓语！”，如：
How careful she is! 她多么细心啊！
2. “ How ＋形容词＋ a/an ＋可数名词单数＋主语＋谓语！”，如：
How beautiful a girl she is! 她是个多么漂亮的姑娘啊！
【典例分析】
1. ________special classes we had! We have learned a lot about paper cutting. （2019，山东青岛卷）
A. What B. What a C. How a D. How
【答案】A
【解析】句意：我们上的课多么不寻常啊！我们学到了很多剪纸的知识。感叹句的基本结构：How＋形容词/副词＋主语＋谓语+其他! What+（a/an）＋(形容词)＋名词＋主语+谓语+其他！题干中的中心词classess是可数名词复数，符合“What＋形容词＋可数名词复数＋（主语+谓语+其他）！”，故答案选A。
注意：判断感叹句是由what还是how引导的方法：首先，断句。从句子后面向前看，找到“主语+谓语+其他”部分，把句子断开；其次，观察。观察句子前面剩余部分为名词（词组），还是形容词或副词；若是名词（词组），那么本句是由what（a/an）引导；若是形容词或副词，那么本句就由how 引导。
2.-___________wonderful the music is! What’s its name -Victory.
A. How B. How a C. What D. What a
【答案】A
【解析】句意：——多么美妙的音乐啊!它的名字是什么 ——Victory。考查感叹句。how和what都可用于引导感叹句：how修饰形容词或副词，what修饰名词或名词性短语。本句wonderful（美妙的）是形容词，需用how引导。根据句意结构，可知选A。
注意：表达欢喜、悲伤、惊讶等感情的句子称为感叹句。一般以疑问词what或how起始，而以惊叹号终结。感叹句通常有以下形式：一、How+形容词〔或副词〕+S+V…! 二、What a [an] +形容词+名词+S+V…! 若名词为不可数或复数的话，就不能用不定冠词。例如：What bad weather we’re having! 多讨厌的天气!三、How+形容词+ a [an] +名词+S+V…!
3.________ delicious the soup is! I’d like some more.
A. How B. How an C. What D. What an
【答案】A
【解析】符合How＋形容词/副词＋主语＋谓语+其他! What+（a/an）＋(形容词)＋名词＋主语+谓语+其他！这一感叹句句式。故选A
4. 你们自己算出了这道数学题。多么聪明的孩子啊！
You have worked out the maths problem yourselves. ___________ ___________ children you are!
【答案】What clever
5. 你的手好脏呀！快去洗！
__________ __________ your hands are! Go and wash them now!
【答案】How dirty
6. 多么美丽而宁静的岛屿啊！
__________ __________ beautiful and quiet island it is!
【答案】 What a
7.他们多么开心啊！
_________ ___________ they are!
【答案】How happy
8. 他跑得多快啊！没有人赶得上他。
____________ ___________ he runs! No one can catch up with him.
【答案】 How fast/quickly
9. 天气真糟糕呀！又要开始下雨了。
___________ ___________ the weather is! It is going to rain again.
___________ ___________ weather it is ! It is going to rain again.
【答案】How bad /What bad
要点14
What do you think of…？
What do you think of…？意为“你觉得……怎么样？”用来询问对方的观点或看法，其同义句型为“How do you like…？”或“How do you feel about…？”
例： What does she think of her English teacher
＝How does she like her English teacher
＝How does she feel about her English teacher 她认为她的英语老师怎么样？
—She thinks he is a bit strict. 她觉得他有点儿严厉。
【典例分析】
1.—What do you think of talk shows
—________. I watch them every week.
A．I can't stand them B．I love them
C．I don't think so D．I agree with you
【解析】B What do you think of…？意为“你觉得……怎么样？”用来询问对方的观点或看法。所以答语应该是你的看法。I can't stand them 我受不了。与后面语境不符合。 I love them 。我喜欢。故选B。
2.你认为这部电影怎么样？（3种翻译）
【解析】1.What do you think of this film 2.How do you like this film 3.How do you feel about this film
要点15
be like 和look like 区别
1.What does/do sb./sth. look like 这个句式是询问某个人或物的外貌特征。例如：
—What does the old man look like 那个老人长什么样？
—He is short and thin. 他又矮又瘦。
2.这里的be like意为“像……一样”，like是介词。这个句式是用来询问人的性格特征或者事物的属性。
1 要求对方对特定事物进行描述。
—What was the exam like 这次考试怎么样
—It was very difficult. 难极了。
② 询问天气情况。
—What is the weather like 天气怎么样？
—It’s fine. 天气不错。
③ 用于人时，既可指人的外表，也可指人的性格、品质。
—What is she like 她长得如何
—Very beautiful. 长得很漂亮。
—What is he like 他是怎样一个人
—He is very kind. 他很友好。
【典例分析】
1.广州夏天的天气如何？
________ ________ ________ ________ in Guangzhou in Summer.
________ ________ ________ ________ in Guangzhou in Summer.
【解析】1.What’s the weather like How is the weather. what is the weather like。。。？ 是询问天气的句型，也可以用“How is the weather 。。。 ”
2. 你老师是怎样一个人？她既善良又美丽.
__________ your teacher ___________？
--She is very kind and beautiful.
【解析】What’s like
3. — ______is the weather there in summer
—There’s ______rain.
A. How; a lot of B. What; a lot of C. How; too many D. What; too many
【解析】A考查固定句式。How is the weather 是用来询问天气的句型, rain是不可数名词, 不能用too many来修饰。故选A。
4. ---What ____________ your teacher ________________
---She’s a pretty lady with long hair.
A. does; like B. does; look like C. is; like D. is; look like
【答案】B
【解析】句意：---你的老师看上去是什么样子？---她是一个留着长发的很漂亮的女士。考查短语意义辨析。be like：像……的样子（通常强调内在的性质，品格，性格等内在因素）；look like：看上去是……的样子（通常强调外貌、长相等外在因素）；根据pretty lady with long hair为外貌。故选B。
5. —________？
—She is of medium height with blue eyes.
A. How is Rita B. What does Rita like
C. What does Rita look like D. How do you like Rita
【答案】C
【解析】句意：——丽塔长什么样？——她长着蓝色的眼睛，是中等身高。How is Rita丽塔怎么样？What does Rita like 丽塔喜欢什么？What does Rita look like丽塔长什么样？How do you like Rita你认为丽塔怎么样？根据She is of medium height with blue eyes.可知此处询问她长什么样，故选C。
6. —I hear Mr. Green is your new teacher.
—He is very friendly but a little strict.
A. What does he like B. What is he like
C. What does he look like D. How is he
【答案】B
【解析】考查固定句式。答语句意: 他很友好但有点严厉。因此, 问句应该用来询问某人的性格, 其句型为What’s sb. like 故选B。
【重点词组】
1. go on vacation =take a vacation=go for vacation 去度假
be on vacation 在度假（强调状态）
2. go to the beach 去海滩
3. go to the summer camp 去夏令营
4. quite a few/ a little /a lot (of) 相当多；不少
5. have a good time =have fun =enjoy oneself 玩的开心；过得愉快
6. of course 当然可以
7. feel like 给…的感觉；感受到
8. in the past 在过去
9. walk around 四处走走；绕……走
10. because of 因为
11. find out 找出；查明；查出来
12. take photos/a photo 照相
13. up and down 上上下下
14. keep a diary 记日记
15. wait for 等待，等候
16. in excitement 兴奋地；激动地
17. another two hours = two more hours 另外两小时
18. along the way 沿途
19. Bye for now!= Just stop here! 就此止笔！到此为止！
20. arrive in+大地点 / at+ 小地点 =get to / reach 到达某地
【重点句式】
1. Where did you go on vacation 你去哪儿度假的？
2. Long time no see.好久不见。
3. Did you go anywhere interesting 你去有趣的地方了吗？
4. I just stayed at home most of the time to read and relax.大多数时间我只是待在家里看书和放松。
5. I bought something for my father.我给我爸爸买了些东西。
6. Everything was excellent. 一切都很棒。
7. How did you like it 你觉得它怎么样？
8. I arrived at Penang in Malaysia this morning with my family. 今天早晨我和家人到达马来西亚的槟城。
9. For lunch, we had something very special. 午饭我们吃了很特别的东西。
10. …but many of the old buildings are still there .… 但是许多旧的建筑还在那里。
11. My father and I decided to go to Penang Hill today.今天我和爸爸决定去槟城山。
12. And because of the bad weather, we couldn’t see anything below.并且因为糟糕的天气，我们看不见下面的任何东西。
复合不定代词
一、构成
复合不定代词是由some, any, no, every加-body,-thing,-one构成，列表如下：
somebody 某人
someone 某人
something 某物，某事 anybody 任何人
anyone 任何人
anything 任何事物
nobody 没有人
no one 没有人
nothing 没有东西 everybody 每人
everyone 每人
everything 一切
二、用法
1. 复合不定代词若作主语，其谓语动词一般用单数。
I am new here, so nobody knows me.
Somebody is waiting for you at the gate.
2. 形容词修饰不定代词时，该形容词必须后置。
Something strange happened in our neighborhood.
There’s nothing difficult in the world if you put your heart into it.
Is there anybody important here
3. 复合不定代词与动词不定式连用，不定式必须后置。
Would you like something to eat
4. 含some-和any-的复合不定代词的用法区别
something; someone; somebody anything; anyone; anybody
一般用法 something, someone, somebody通常用于肯定句中
He found something strange but interesting. anything, anyone, anybody一般用于否定句，疑问句或条件状语从句中
Do you have anything to say
I can’t meet anybody on the island.
特殊用法 表示请求、邀请、提建议等带有委婉语气的疑问句；
希望得到对方肯定答复的疑问句中；
用something, someone, somebody
Would you like something to eat
Isn’t there something wrong with you 当anything表示“任何事(物)，无论何事(物)”；
anyone，anybody表示“无论谁，任何人”时；
也可用于肯定句中。
Anything is OK.
Anybody knows the answer.
5. nothing和nobody的用法
nothing nobody
用法 nothing 回答以what 开头的问题
—What’s on the table
—Nothing. nobody (no one) 回答who 开头的问题
—Who is in the classroom
—Nobody. (No one).
【典例分析】
1. I’m hungry, would you please give me ________ to eat
A. something delicious B. anything delicious
C. delicious something D. nothing delicious
【答案】A
【解析】句意：我饿了，你能给我点好吃的吗？
考查复合不定代词的用法。something某物，用于肯定句或表示请求/建议的疑问句中；anything任何东西，用于否定句或疑问句中；nothing没有什么；由 “would you please give me”可知，该句是表示请求的疑问句，要用something；delicious美味的，形容词，修饰不定代词要放在不定代词后，故选A。
2.He asked me if there was _______to read.
A. easy enough something B. enough easy something
C．something easy enough D．something enough easy
【答案】C
【解析】形容词修饰不定代词，放在后面。Enough修饰形容词也放在形容词后面。
3.I really have something important_______.
A．do B．to doing C．to do D．does
【答案】C
【解析】复合不定代词与动词不定式连用，不定式必须后置。
4.I agree with most of what you said, but I don’t agree with ______.
A．everything B．anything C．something D．nothing
【答案】A
【解析】A．everything 每件事 强调整体。这里指整体，所以A符合。 B．anything 任何事 强调个体。 C．something有些事 D．nothing没有事。
5.—The exam was difficult, wasn’t it
—No, but I don’t think ______ could pass it.
A．somebody B．anybody C．nobody D． everybody
【答案】D
【解析】everybody每一人。强调整体。Anybody 任何人，强调个体。
6. —Did ________ finish your homework last night
—Yes, Miss Gao. We always finish homework on time.
A. someone B. anyone C. no one D. everyone
【答案】D
【解析】句意：——昨晚每个人都完成作业了吗？——是的，高老师，我们总是按时完成作业。
考查复合不定代词。someone某人；anyone任何人；no one没有人；everyone每个人，强调整体。根据“We always finish homework on time.”可知老师问你们每一个人都完成了，也就是你们全班都完成了吗？强调整体，故选D。
7. —What should (应该) we do on Qingming Festival
—I think doing ________ special for our ancestors (祖先) is the best choice.
A. nothing B. anything C. everything D. something
【答案】D
【解析】句意：——清明节我们应该做什么？——我认为为我们的祖先做些特别的事情是最好的选择。
考查不定代词辨析。nothing没有什么；anything任何事，用于疑问句或否定句中；everything每件事；something某事，用于肯定句中。根据题干“I think...special for our ancestors is the best choice”可知，本句是肯定句，且指为祖先做一些特别的事，故用something。故选D。
8. I don’t like the movie. There is ________ interesting in it.
A. something B. anything C. nothing D. everything
【答案】C
【解析】句意：我不喜欢这部电影。它里面没有有趣的内容。
考查不定代词辨析。something某件事情；anything任何事情；nothing没有事情；everything 每件事情。根据前句“I don’t like the movie.”可知，应是电影里面没有有趣的内容。故选C。
9. —John, are there any good movies showing right now
—I’m afraid there is _______ these days. Let’s go shopping instead.
A. something interesting B. nothing interesting
C. interesting something D. interesting nothing
【答案】B
【解析】句意：——约翰，现在有一些好电影上映吗？——这几天恐怕没有什么有趣的。让我们去购物吧。
考查不定代词。something一些事；nothing没有事，形容词修饰不定代词应放在不定代词的后面，排除CD；根据“Let’s go shopping instead”可知“没有有趣的电影”。故选B。
10. We can’t do _________ for Qujing, my hometown. But we can do something to make it a better place.
A. nothing B. anything C. everything D. something
【答案】C
【解析】句意：我们不能为家乡曲靖做所有的事情。但是我们可以做一些事情让它变成更美的地方。
考查不定代词辨析。nothing没有事情，表示否定；anything任何事情；everything一切事情；something某件事情。根据后句“But we can do something to make it a better place.”可推知，前句应是：我们不能为家乡曲靖做所有的事情。故选C。
二、选词填空
something; none; anyone; anything; everyone; nothing; someone
1. —Is ________ here today
—No. Jim is ill today.
2. —Doctor! I don’t feel like eating today.
—Oh. _________ bad. But you have to sleep well every night.
3. I want to say __________ about it.
4. Listen! __________ is singing in the classroom.
5. I can’t find __________ in the bag.
6. Did you meet __________ on the way home
7. ________ of the teachers like him.
【答案】1.everyone 2.Nothing 3.something 4.Someone 5.anything 6.anyone 7.None
话题一：旅行游记
本单元主要话题是节日与假期，与本单元相关的写作题目可以与节假日里的旅游相结合。命题内容以游览为主，根据提示记叙在节假日里旅游的大致情况。写作时应注意游记的内容、格式以及时态的应用。
描述旅行的内容从以下几个方面入手
(1) Where did you go
(2) How was the weather
(3) What did you do
(4) How was the food
(5) How were the people
(6) How did you feel about the trip
①词汇库
旅游trip；度假vacation；开心happy；喜欢like/enjoy；天气weather；品尝taste；特别的special；兴奋的excited/exciting；厌倦的bored/boring；糟糕的terrible；尝试try；不喜欢dislike；令人愉快的enjoyable；到达get to/arrive in(at);美味的delicious；攀爬climb；
②短语箱
旅行pay a visit to/take a trip to；度假go on vacation；喜欢be fond of；玩得开心have a good time/have fun/enjoy oneself；因为because of；拍照take pictures;买礼物buy gifts
③链接句型
1. Where did you go on vacation
2. Did you do anything special there？
3. Did you buy anything for your best friends
4. I took a trip/paid a visit to Beijing.
5. I arrived in Penang in Malaysia this morning with my family.
6. It took me+时间+to do sth
7. How did you feel about the trip
8. We started at 9:30 a.m. and saw lots of special flowers along the way.
【实战演练】
为了提高英语写作水平，你们英语老师要求你们每天用英语写日记。假如今天是星期日(4月12日)，你和你的家人出去春游了，玩得非常开心。请你根据下面表格中的提示，用英语写一则日记，可适当发挥。
要求：80词左右，日记的格式已给出，不计入总词数。
天气 阳光明媚
活动 上午 爬山，放风筝，植树
中午 吃自带食物
下午 参观农场
感受 累但很开心
Sunday, April 12th
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】Sunday, April 12th
The weather was sunny today. I had a trip with my family.
In the morning, we climbed the hills. On the top of the hills we flew kites. We also planted trees. At noon, we enjoyed the food we brought in a big tent. The food tasted delicious. In the afternoon, we visited a big farm in the countryside. We fed hens and ducks. We also saw lots of baby pigs there.
What a great day! All of us felt tired but really happy.
思维导图
知识要点一、重点单词，短语及句式。
知识要点二：语法
知识要点三：书面表达
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