人教版（2019） 选择性必修第四册 Unit 2 Iconic Attractions 单词课件（33张）

(共33张PPT)
单
词
课
堂
版本：新人教 单元：选择性必修四 Unit 2
本单元词汇梳理
1. foundation 构词：found (bottom 底部、基础) + -ation (名词后缀)
词块：lay the (firm) foundation for
词族：found, founder, founding, foundation
2. political 构词：politic (adj 精明的) + -al (形容词后缀)
词族：politic, political, politics, politician
3. located 构词：locate + -ed；词块：(be) located in / on
词族：locate, located, location
4. barbecue 词源：barbecue 源于美洲海地语barbakoa，指的是一种由木桩支撑的木架，当地印第安土著人用它当床睡觉或烧烤大块的肉。后来进入英语，演变为barbecue，既可用来指烧烤架，也可表示烧烤。缩写为BBQ 。
5. bakery 构词：bake (v 烘焙) + -ery (表示地点)
6. joint 词块：ankle / knee joints, a fast food joint, make joint efforts to do sth
7. butcher 名词动词化：屠宰；屠杀
8. premier 来自词根 prim (first, chief 第一、主要的)
词源同 prime, primary
9. straightforward 合成词：straight (adj 直的) + forward (adv 向前)
10. minister 词源：来源于拉丁语minster, 来自minus (less)，
-ter是比较级后缀，因此词源义是“地位较低的人”，即servant。类似中国古代，大臣都是君主的“仆人 或下人”。
词块：the Prime Minister
派生词：ministry
11. entitle 构词：en- (使) + title → 使……有标题 → 给……命名
常用于被动语态
词块：be entitled to (do) sth
12. getaway 合成词：get + away
词块：make a getaway
13. dive 一词多义：基本义“跳进……的深处”
隐喻：具体的“跳水” → 抽象的“冲向；俯冲”
词块：dive into, go diving
派生词：diver
14. freedom 构词：free (adj 自由的) + -dom (表示状态)
词块：freedom of speech, have freedom to do sth
15. sponsor 构词：spons (允诺、承诺) + -or (名词后缀)
名词动词化：赞助； 资助
16. liberty 构词：liber (free) + -ty (名词后缀)
同根词：liberation
正式用语，对应freedom
词块：be at liberty, take liberties with
17. sample 词块：a blood / water / soil sample, free samples
18. distribution 构词法：distribute — distribution
构词：dis- (apart) + tribut (to assign 分配) + -ion (名词后缀) → 分配 (基本义)
19. temporary 构词：tempor (time) + -ary (形容词后缀) → 一段时间的 → 暂时的
同根词：contemporary；反义词：permanent
派生词：temporarily
20. licensed 构词法：license — licensed
21. license 美式英语，英式英语是 licence
名词动词化：批准；许可
词块：a driver’s / driving license, under license, license sb / sth to do sth
22. frequency 构词：frequent + -cy (名词后缀)
词族：frequent, frequency, frequently, infrequent
23. violent 来自violence；派生词：violently
隐喻：人的行为“暴力的” → 风等“暴力的”(猛烈的)
24. nest 词源同 sit，即坐的地方、落脚的地方，引申义“鸟巢；鸟窝”。词块：a bird’s nest, an ants’ nest
25. biology 构词：bio- (life 生命) + -logy (……学)
词族：biology, biological, biologist
同后缀词：ecology, psychology, technology
26. hatch 隐喻：孵出幼禽等 → 孵出计划、想法等 → 密谋；策划
27. capacity 构词：cap (to hold 容纳) + -acity (quality of 有……的能力) → 容纳……的能力 (基本义)
词块：have the capacity to do / for (doing) sth
28. handful 构词：hand + -ful (一……的容量)
词块：a handful of sand / people
29. fence 名词动词化：把……用栅 / 篱围住；(筑栅) 防护；隔开
30. prison 词块：escape from / go to / get out of prison, put sb in / send sb to / throw sb into prison, in prison
派生词：prisoner
31. grand 一词多义，基本义“大的”
词块：the Grand Canyon, the Grand Hotel / Theatre, the grand prize
重难点词
精讲
一词多义
dive
搭配义
distribution
foundation
一词多义
熟词生义
freedom &
liberty
辨析义
隐喻
词根词缀
capacity
一词多义
看图猜词
foundation
foundation
地基
粉底霜
foundation
[C] & [U] 基础；基本原则；根据 the idea, principle, or fact on which sth is based：
The foundation of every state is its education of its youth.
“Lianda laid the foundation for every achievement I have made,” Yang Zhenning recalled.
[U] 创建；创办 (establishment)：
the foundation of the first university
[C]［常用复数］地基；房基：
How long will it take to finish digging the foundations
[C] 基金会：
Children’s Foundation of China
构词：found (bottom 底部、 基础) + -ation (名词后缀)
潜水 dive
看图猜词
跳水 dive
dive vi
跳水；潜水：
I took off my T-shirt and dived into the water.
冲向；俯冲；扑：
It started to rain so we dived into the nearest cafe.
The goalkeeper dived for the ball, but missed it.
全身心投入：
I know I am smart enough to dive into an area that is totally unknown.
2016 天津
n [C] 跳水；潜水；俯冲：
She made a beautiful dive.
diving n [U] 跳水运动；潜水：
go diving
dive 的词源义及基本义为“跳进……的深处”
“跳进”水的“深处”
“跳进”某个方向的“深处”
“跳进”事情的“深处”
dive 语义网络图
跳水；潜水
全身心投入
冲向；俯冲；扑
跳进……的深处
dive
基本义
“跳进”水的“深处”
“跳进”某个方向的“深处”
“跳进”事情的“深处”
车厘子自由，网络流行词，是指个人收入较为可观，可以随心所欲地购买车厘子。这一提法来自于“财务自由”(financial freedom)。
liberty & freedom
15
[C] & [U] 自由；自主；自由权：
freedom of speech / thought
Young people today earn more and have more freedom to live where they want.
构词：free (自由的) + -dom (名词后缀，表示……的状态) → freedom 自由
freedom n
liberty n [U] 自由：
We fought to defend our liberty.
at liberty 自由的：
You’re at liberty to say what you like.
take liberties with 任意篡改
思考：freedom和liberty有什么区别？
辨析 freedom, liberty
freedom 指“没有强制、压迫且能充分按自己意志行事”，强调“个人的自由”(the right or the ability to do what you want) 。
Her parents gave her a lot of freedom.
liberty 更正式，指“从过去所受的压制或束缚中解放出来”，强调“集体的自由”。 (Liberty is more formal and is used about people’s right to live, work etc., without government or official restrictions.)
He sees the new law as an attack on civil liberties.
在有liberty的大前提下，即不限制公民应该做什么，每个人才能追求自己的需求，才能够真正充分享受自己独有的freedom。
distribution
配送中心 distribution centre
distribute v
分配；分布；散布：
This species of dolphin is widely distributed throughout the world.
分发；分送：
Clothes and blankets have been distributed among / to the earthquake victims.
分销（商品） ：
Who distributes our products in the UK
构词：dis- (apart) + tribut (to assign 分配) + -ion (名词后缀) → 分配 (基本义)
distribution n
[U] & [C] 分配；分布；散布：
the distribution of wealth
population distribution
[U] 分发；分送；配送：
the distribution of aid supplies
[U]（商品的）分销；经销：
marketing, sales and distribution
distribute & distribution 语义网络图
在一定区域内“分配”事物等
分配；分布；散布
分销（商品）
分配；分布；散布
distribution
“分配”商品
“分配”救济物等
分发；分送
distribute
（商品的）分销；经销
分配 distribute（基本义）
分发；分送；配送
capacity n
[C] & [U]［常用单数］容量 the greatest amount that a container or space can hold：
a water bottle with a capacity of 1 liter
The Beijing National Stadium, also known as
the “Bird’s Nest”, has a capacity of 80,000.
[C] & [U]［常用单数］领悟（或理解、办事）能力 the ability to understand or do sth：
Children have a remarkable capacity to learn / for learning languages.
She has an enormous capacity for hard work.
[U]［单数］产能 the amount that a factory or machine, etc. can produce：
At full capacity, China’s factories are only able to produce around 20 million masks a day.
构词： cap (to hold 容纳) + -acity (quality of 有……的能力) → 容纳……的能力
capacity 语义网络图
容纳……的能力
capacity
基本义
“容纳”知识 / 事件的“能力”
工厂或机器所能“容纳”的生产“能力”
领悟（或理解、办事）能力
产能
容量
“容纳”人 / 事物的“能力”
本单元的词根词缀
1. biology: bio- (life 生命) + -logy (……学) → 与生命相关的科学 → __________
2. temporary: tempor- (time 时间) + -ary (形容词后缀) → 一段 ________ 的 → 临时的
3. distribution: dis- (individually, apart 个别地, 分开地) + tribute (to assign 分配) + -ion (名词后缀) → 给每个人单独 __________ → 分发
4. capacity: cap- (to hold __________；装载) + -acity (quality of 有……的能力) → 容纳……的能力 → 容量；容积
生物学
时间
分配
容纳
本单元的隐喻
单词 基本义 比喻义（衍生义）
domain 领域
violent 暴力的
hatch 孵出
session 一段时间
密谋
领地 / 领土
根据所给提示完成表格。
强烈的
会期
本单元金句汇总
1. The foundation of every state is its education of its youth.
2. I know I am smart enough to dive into an area that is totally unknown.
3. Young people today earn more and have more freedom to live where they want.
4. You’re at liberty to say what you like.
5. Children have a remarkable capacity to learn / for learning languages.
6. She has an enormous capacity for hard work.
随堂检测
写出下列句子中画线部分的汉语释义。
1. She plans to start a foundation for homeless children and wants to build a community centre in Waterhouse.）__________
2. Starting learning English from childhood will help students lay a solid foundation for their future English learning. ___________
3. Jackscrews（螺旋千斤顶）are used to separate the large, heavy structures from their foundations.（） ___________
4. Since the foundation of New China, the development of the Chinese nation has entered a new era. ___________
foundation
地基
成立
基金会
为……奠定坚实的基础
根据句意，写出下列句子中dive的释义。
1. Off his bike and into the cool water he dived, disappearing below the surface and away from the bees. _________
2. The main purpose of his holiday to Greece was to go diving.
________
3. She dived into her bag and brought out a folded piece of paper.
_________
跳入
潜水
将手伸入
dive
根据所给汉语及提示，用适当的词块完成下列句子。
1. ____________________（可以自由选择）is one reason more people like to eat alone.
2. ____________________（言论自由）is a basic human right.
3. You are ____________________（自由的）to use the laboratory.
liberty & freedom
Freedom of speech
Freedom to choose
at liberty
写出下列句子中画线部分的汉语释义。
1. The volunteer group is in charge of the distribution of aid supplies. ___________
2. I need a map showing the population distribution of Canada.
___________
3. The company has gradually expanded its distribution network to include Canada and Mexico. ___________
distribution
经销
分发
分布
一、写出下列句子中画线部分的汉语释义。
1. The fuel tank（油箱）has a capacity of 40 litres. ___________
2. The company has the capacity to build 15,000 trucks a year.
___________
3. The theatre has a seating capacity of 2,000. ___________
二、根据所给词块，将句子译成英语。
作为一个高中生，你必须有沟通和解决问题的能力。(have the capacity to do sth)
_______________________________________________________
capacity
容量
产能
能容纳
As a senior high school student, you must have the capacity to communicate and solve problems.
谢
谢
观
赏