2023年中考英语二轮复习课件 定语从句 (共11张PPT)

(共11张PPT)
英语语法
关系代词引导的定语从句
定语从句
修饰名词或者代词的句子叫定语从句
This is the boy who often helps me.
The man whom you are waiting for has gone home.
Do you know the girl whose skirt is white
The room in which there is a machine is a work shop.
The river which is in front of my house is very clean.
The book that I bought yesterday was written by Lu Xun.
这些句子中都是由两个句子构成。每个句子都有自己的主语和谓语。
定语从句—先行词
先行词：被定语从句修饰的名词或者代词
This is the boy who often helps me.
The man whom you are waiting for has gone home.
The book that I bought yesterday was written by Lu Xun.
定语从句紧跟先行词
定语从句是后置定语，翻译的时候要放到先行词前面翻译
这就是那个经常帮助我的男孩。
你等的那个人已经回家了。
我昨天买的那本书是鲁迅写的。
定语从句引导词—关系代词
who: 代人，在从句中作主语
whom：代人，在从句中作宾语
This is the boy who often helps me.
The boys who are playing football are from Class One.
Yesterday I helped an old man who lost his way.
The man whom you are waiting for has gone home.
Mr. Liu is the person (whom) you talked about on the bus.
Mr. Ling is just the boy whom I want to see.

whose: 代所有格，可指人也可指物
Do you know the girl whose skirt is white
He has a friend whose father is a doctor.
I once lived in a house whose roof has fallen in.
定语从句引导词—关系代词
which: 代物，在从句中作主语或者宾语
that：代物，在从句中作主语或者宾语
The room in which there is a machine is a work shop.
The river which is in front of my house is very clean.
This is the pen which you want.
Football is a game which is liked by most boys.
This is the pen (which) he bought yesterday.
The book that I bought yesterday was written by Lu Xun.

在指物的时候，一般情况下that和which可以互换
定语从句引导词—which和that区别
只能用that不能用which的几种情况
先行词是不定代词
all, few, little, much, something, everything, nothing, anything等等
All that we have to do is to practise English.
先行词被序数词或形容词最高级所修饰，如
The first letter that I got from him will be kept.
先行词被all, any, every, each, few, little, no, some等修饰
I've eaten up all the food that you gave me.
先行词被the only, the very, the same, the last修饰时
He is the only person that I want to talk with.
先行词是两个或者多个人和物时
They talked about persons and things that they met.
当句中已有who时 ，为避免重复
Who is the man that is giving us the class
定语从句引导词—which和that区别
只能用which不能用that的几种情况
作介词的宾语
The plane in which we flew to Canada is very comfortable.
引导非限制性定语从句
In the basket there are quite many apples, some of which have gone bad.
I have lost my bag, which I like very much.
如何写一个定语从句
定语从句是由两个简单句合成的
That is the day.
I'll never forget the day.
Step 1: 找先行词：两句中相同的名词
That is the day. I'll never forget the day.
Step 2: 确定主句
That is the day.
Step 3: 把从句中的名词换成关系代词，并放到句首
which I'll never forget.
Step 4: 把修改后的从句放到主句
先行词的后面
That is the day which I’ll never forget
练一练
The factory is not far from here. We'll visit the factory next week.
This is one of the best films. The films have been shown this year.
Can you lend me the book You talked about the book the other day.
The pen is mine. He is writing with the pen.
The engineer is about 50 years old. My father works with the engineer.
Do you know the man I spoke to the man.
The factory which/that we’ll visit next week is not far from here.
This is one of the best films that have been shown this year.
Can you lend me the book which/that you talked about the other day
The pen which/that he is writing with is mine.
The engineer whom my father works with is about 50 years old.
Do you know the man whom I spoke to
定语从句的简化
简化为形容词或短语
My grandfather lives in a village that is far away from here. →My grandfather lives in a village far away from here.
This is a book that is worth reading. →This is a book worth reading.
简化为现在分词/过去分词或者现在分词/过去分词短语
The man who is standing under the tree is our English teacher. →The man standing under the tree is our English teacher.
I saw the house that was burning at that time. →I saw the burning house at that time.
I like to see the films which are directed by Zhang Yimou.
→I like to see the films directed by Zhang Yimou.
简化为不定式作后置定语
He is always the first person that comes to school. →He is always the first person to come to school.
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