人教版 2023年中考英语语法动词填空专项课件 (共28张PPT)

(共28张PPT)
专题（一）
如何做动词填空题？
请大家来看这十道题（写出你们的答案和做题方法）：
Tom hurt himself _______ (play) soccer yesterday.
I sent an e-mail to my parents _______ (tell) them about my life in another city.
Ms. Zhang asks us _____(do) our homework carefully.
Tom enjoys ______ (play) soccer.
_____ (volunteer) here is a dream come true for me.
Jane _____ (call) up her parents every weekend.
The old man is ______ (repair) his bike now.
Thank you for ______ (invite) me to the party.
The ideas that he came up with _____ (work) out fine.
You mustn’t ____ (cross) the road when the light is red and we should _____ (follow) the traffic rules.
一般动词填空题，一考谓语动词，
二考非谓语动词。
Tips 做题技巧：
所以，第一步
先判断填空处是谓语动词，还是非谓语动词。
请做分类，哪些题考查谓语动词，哪些是非谓语动词？（注意圈画）
1. Tom hurt himself _______ (play) soccer yesterday.
2. I sent an e-mail to my parents _______ (tell) them about my life in another city.
3. Ms. Zhang asks us _____(do) our homework carefully.
4. Tom enjoys ______ (play) soccer.
5. _____ (volunteer) here is a dream come true for me.
6. Jane _____ (call) up her parents every weekend.
7. The old man is ______ (repair) his bike now.
8. Thank you for ______ (invite) me to the party.
9. The ideas that he came up with _____ (work) out fine.
10. You mustn’t ____ (cross) the road when the light is red and we should _____ (follow) the traffic rules.
非谓
非谓
非谓
谓
非谓
谓
非谓
非谓
谓
谓
谓
一般考动词填空，一考谓语动词，二考非谓语动词。
先判断填空处是谓语动词，还是非谓语动词。
第一类考查谓语动词，就知道谓语动词是紧跟在主语后的动词，全句的眼睛。
填谓语动词要考虑时态和人称。判断时态就要找时间词。
回忆我们学过的时态，他们每个的结构是什么，然后正确填空。
Tips 做题技巧：
3
2
1
4
5
如何做动词填空题？
6. Jane _____ (call) up her parents every weekend.
7. The old man is ____________ (repair) his bike now.
9. The ideas that he came up with ________(work) out fine.
10. You mustn’t ______ (cross) the road when the light is red and we
should _______ (follow) the traffic rules.
一般现在时：主 + be/do/does
calls
现在进行时：主 + am/is/are + doing
repairing
考查谓语动词
画圈的是定语从句，本题考查主句的谓语动词,从句时态决定主句时态
worked
cross
follow
画圈的是情态动词，后边永远跟do
一般考动词填空，一考谓语动词，二考非谓语动词。
所以，第二类考查非谓语动词：
非谓语动词在英语中有三类：动词不定式to do/do、动名词doing、分词有现在分词doing和过去分词done），注意动名词和现在分词长得一样。
我们目前没有学过去分词done，但有见过过去分词作定语（如a broken clock, my lost pen, fallen leaves）。
我们就先研究动词不定式to do/do、动名词doing 和现在分词doing。
Tips 做题技巧：
3
2
1
4
5
填非谓语动词，要结合句意。：
动词不定式to do/do表目的，句子翻译成为了，有时跟在固定动词（如tell, ask, advise，agree等）后面
有时是在特殊句型（如神句），有时用省略to的动词不定式(let，make, had better后)；
动名词doing跟在介词或者固定动词（mind，put off等）之后，或有时作主语；
现在分词doing作伴随状语，或时间状语, 或作定语相当于形容词（如training class).
Tips 做题技巧：
8
7
6
9
10
It is adj. for/of sb. to do sth.
…make it adj. for sb. to do sth.
It takes sb. st. to do sth.
…adj. enough for me to do sth.
如何做动词填空题？
请大家来看这几道题：
1. Tom hurt himself _______ (play) soccer yesterday.
2. I sent an e-mail to my parents _______ (tell) them about my life in another city.
3. Ms. Zhang asks us _______ (do) our homework carefully.
4. Tom enjoys __________ (play) soccer.
5. ______________ (volunteer) here is a dream come true for me.
8. Thank you for __________ (invite) me to the party.
考查非谓语动词
playing
结合句意，现在分词作时间状语
to tell
结合句意，表目的，为了
to do
playing
Volunteering
inviting
固定搭配
ask sb. to do sth.
固定搭配
enjoy doing sth.
介词后面动名词
动名词作主语,谓单
小试牛刀(记得用我教给你们的方法哦！)
1. My aunt ________ (carry) her daughter upstairs to bed just now.
2. What about _______ (go) shopping this afternoon
3. He is old enough so let him ______ (dress) himself.
4. Teachers often tell us _______ (not play) computer games too much.
5. _______ (eat) a lot of vegetables and fruit is good for our health.
6. Could you ______ (take) out the rubbish when you ____ (go）out
Keys: 1. carried 2. going 3. dress 4. not to play
5. Eating 6. take, go
To do
动词不定式
(infinitives)
“to+动词原形”被称为动词不定式，常写作to do (有时to可以省略)，否定形式为not to do。
该形式在句中除了不能作谓语外，可作其他成分，没有人称和数的变化。
下列动词不定式都在哪里呢？
1. You could ask hospitals to let you visit the kids and cheer them up.
2. She decided to try out for a volunteer after-school reading program.
3. I am making some signs to put up around the school.
4. It is not enough to just get good grades at school.
5. I am too tired to do my homework.
6. I am glad to see you.
7. You helped to make it possible for me to have Lucky.
8. Can you tell me how to get to the nearest bank
9. To see is to believe.
10. I have something important to say.
Sharp eyes!
火眼金睛
插播一个题外话！！！英语句子结构你了解吗？
英语句子结构
主语 + 谓语 （+ 状语）
主语 + 谓语 + 宾语
主语 + 谓语 + 宾语 + 宾语补足语
主语 + 谓语 + 间接宾语 + 直接宾语
主语 + 系动词 + 表语
动词不定式除了不能作谓语，可以作主语，宾语，宾语补足语，表语，定语和状语哦。
一、动词不定式作主语
To see is to believe. 百闻不如一见。
To master a language is not easy. 精通一门语言不容易的。
It is not enough to just get good grades at school.
It took us half an hour to finish cleaning our classroom.
动词不定式作主语，常表示具体动作；
动词不定式作主语，常表示一件未完成的事或目的；
动词不定式作主语，一般用it当形式主语，把真正的主语动词不定式后置，来避免句子的头重脚轻。
二、动词不定式作宾语
You must learn to look after yourself.
He likes to write at night.
The man downstairs found it difficult to fall asleep.
结构：主语+谓语动词+ to do.
不定式常出现在一些及物动词后，构成动词短语，这类动词很多，需要大家逐个去识记。
一些句子，动词不定式做宾语要后置，用形式宾语it代替，为了避免句子头重脚轻，这类动词有feel，think，make, feel。
直接跟to do的及物动词
afford to do sth. 负担得起做某事
agree to do sth. 同意做某事
decide to do sth.决定做某事
expect do sth sth. 期待做某事
hope to do sth.希望做某事
learn to do sth.学习做某事
offer to do sth.主动提供做某事
plan to do sth. 计划做某事
promise to do sth. 允诺做某事
refuse to do sth. 拒绝做某事
want to do sth. 想要做某事
wish to do sth. 希望做某事
happen to do sth.碰巧做某事
choose to do sth. 选择做某事
三、动词不定式作宾语补足语
Could you please ask him to call me back
Ms. Zhang often tells her students to do their homework carefully.
We often heard her sing in the next room.
结构：主语+谓语动词+ 名词/代词 + to do.
宾语补足语，是动词不定式被用来补充说明宾语的情况。有些动词要求动词不定式必须带to，有些要求不带to，这类动词多是感官动词和使役动词；
这些动词也是需要大家逐一识记。
advise sb. to do sth. 建议某人做某事
allow sb. to do sth. 允许某人做某事
ask sb. to do sth. 让某人做某事
encourage sb to do sth. 鼓励某人做某事
expect sb. to do sth.期望某人做某事
force sb. to do sth. 强迫某人做某事
help sb. (to) do sth. 帮助某人做某事
invite sb. to do sth. 邀请某人做某事
need sb. to do sth. 需要某人做某事
order sb. to do sth.命令某人做某事
persuade sb. to do sth. 说服某人做某事
prefer sb. to do sth. 宁愿某人做某事
remind sb. to do sth. 提醒某人做某事
teach sb. to do sth. 教某人做某事
tell sb. to do sth. 告诉某人做某事
want sb. to do sth. 想要某人做某事
warn sb. to do sth. 警告某人做某事
wish sb. to do sth. 希望某人做某事
跟to do作宾语补足语的动词
感觉 feel sb. do sth.
注意 notice sb. do sth.
听 hear sb. do sth./ listen to sb. do sth.
让 let sb. do sth./make sb. do sth./have sb. do sth.
看 see sb. do sth./watch sb. do sth./look at sb. do sth./ observe sb. do sth.
跟省略to的do作宾语补足语的动词
3
2
1
4
5
四、动词不定式作表语
My job is to look after my sister.
The first important thing was to save lives.
To see is to believe.
动词不定式作表语，放在be动词后面。
动词不定式作表语，常说明主语的内容是什么，性质，特征等。
五、动词不定式作定语
I have a lot of work to do.
She is the first student to get to school.
There is nothing to eat in the fridge and I am so hungry.
I need a piece of paper to write on.
不定式作定语要放在被修饰的名词或代词之后，如圈出的单词。
如果不定式动词是不及物动词，要把适当的介词加上。
六、动词不定式作状语
He came to give us a talk yesterday.
I am so pleased to meet so many old friends at the party.
She was too scared to think clearly after the accident.
动词不定式做状语，常用于目的状语，原因状语和结果状语。
用于目的状语，可置于句首或句末，置于句首当表示强调；
用于原因状语，多见于“sb. + be + adj. + to do”结构；
用于结果状语，多见于“too + adj./adv. to do”或“enough …to do ”结构中。
作目的状语
作原因状语
作结果状语
七、带疑问词的不定式短语
I don’t know what to try next because there is lots of food.
Jane is thinking about how to go to the party while it is raining heavily.
They haven’t decided where to go for their holiday.
特殊疑问词 + to do这个结构，实际上是简化了的宾语从句。
下列动词不定式都在哪里呢？做什么成分？
1. You could ask hospitals to let you visit the kids and cheer them up.
2. She decided to try out for a volunteer after-school reading program.
3. I am making some signs to put up around the school.
4. It is not enough to just get good grades at school.
5. I am too tired to do my homework.
6. I am glad to see you.
7. You helped to make it possible for me to have Lucky.
8. Can you tell me how to get to the nearest bank
9. To see is to believe.
10. I have something important to say.
Sharp eyes!
火眼金睛
作宾补
作宾语
作宾补
作主语
做结果状语
做原因状语
作宾语
作表语
作主语
作定语
疑问词+to do
小试牛刀（填空 + 判断）
I am sorry __________ (hear) the bad news.
Our class is trying ________________ (come up with) some ideas ________ (help) sick children because they are often sad.
She plans to ___________ (put off) her holiday until next month.
The kid is old enough _________ (dress) himself.
I often see Tom _________ (play) basketball after school.
There is no time _______ (waste).
I can’t decide which __________ (choose).
Let me ______ (tell) you the truth.
I feel it my duty ___________ (help) you.
My suggestion is ________ (start) work at once.
Our parents tell us ______________ (not surf) the Internet too much.
to hear
to come up with
to help
to put off
to dress
play
to waste
to choose
tell
to help
to start
not to surf
作原因状语
作宾语
作目的状语
作宾语
作结果状语
作宾补
作定语
疑问词 + to do
作宾补
作宾语
作表语
作宾补
你们做的怎么样呢？小奖励来喽！
Thank you!