2023年人教版中考英语复习句子成分 课件(共24张PPT)

(共24张PPT)
Grammar
sentences
句子成份
句子成份
★ 句子一般由两个部分组成：
主语部分（ subject group）
谓语部分（ predicate group）
★ 句子成份：
主·
谓·
宾·
表
补
定·
状·
Members of sentence:
S --- subject
P --- predicative
O --- object
Attri.---attribute
Adv.--- adverb
Oc --- object complement
宾·
补
定·
状·
主·
表
1. 主语（subject）
I like volleyball.
The boy needs a dictionary.
句子的主体，全句述说的对象。
一般由
担任,常置于句首。
,动词不定式,动名词 或从句
名词,主格代词
Drinking milk is good for
our health.
.
2 谓语（predicate）
说明主语的动作或状态
。由 担任。常置于主语后。
The train leaves at 6 o’clock.
I want a piano.
动词
一 指出下列句中主语的中心词
① The teacher with two of his students is walking into the classroom.
② There is an old man coming here.
③ The useful dictionary was given by my mother last year.
④ To do today's homework without the teacher's help is very difficult.
二. 选出句中谓语的中心词
① I don't like the picture on the wall.
A. don't B. like C. picture D. wall
② The days get longer and longer when summer comes.
A. get B. longer C. days D. summer
③ Do you usually go to school by bus
A. Do B. usually C. go D. bus
④ There will be a meeting at the library this afternoon.
A.will be B. meeting
C. the library D. afternoon
二. 选出句中谓语的中心词
⑤ Did the twins have porridge for their breakfast
A. Did B. twins
C. have D. breakfast
⑥ Tom didn't do his homework yesterday.
A. Tom B. didn't
C. do D. his homework
⑦ What I want to tell you is this.
A. want B. to tell
C. you D. is
二. 选出句中谓语的中心词
⑧ We had better send for a doctor.
A. We B. had C. send D. doctor
⑨ He is interested in music.
A. is B. interested
C. in D. music
⑩ Whom did you give my book to
A. give B. did C. whom D. book
3 宾语（object）
He won the game.
表示 的动作对象
或 所联系的对象。
由 或相当于 的词担任。
置于 或 后。
David always laughs at me.
Tom lost his life in the big fire.
名词
及物动词
介词
名词
及物动词
介词
三 挑出下列句中的宾语
① My brother hasn't done his homework.
② People all over the world speak English.
③ You must pay good attention to your pronunciation.
④ How many new words did you learn last class
⑤ Some of the students in the school want to go swimming, how about you
4 表语（predicative）
My brother Jack is a pilot.
用以表述主语的特征、
状态、身份等。
由 或 担任。
置于 之后。
名 词
形容词
The Greens are very friendly.
系动词
除了be 系动词外，
还有一些动词也可以用作系动词，
1)表感官的动词:
3)表延续的动词
feel, smell, taste, sound,
look, appear, seem 等。
become, get, grow, turn, go,等
2) 表转变变化的动词:
remain, keep, hold, stay, rest等
四 挑出下列句中的表语
① The old man was feeling very tired.
② Why is he worried about Jim
③ The leaves have turned yellow.
④ Soon They all became interested in the subject.
⑤ She was the first to learn about it.
5 宾补（objective complement）
They made him king.
补充说明宾语的情况 。
由名词/形容词
/介宾 /分词 /不定式等担任。
I consider
the book too expensive.
后面可接动词原形; 现在分词
考试一般考查宾补用do/ doing的哪种形式。
动词原形强调动作的全过程;
现在分词强调动作正在进行;
中考常考的宾补通常是考：使役动词，感官动词 后边跟复合宾语
使役动词 let; make; have
感官动词 hear; see; notice; feel;
watch; observe; find等
五. 找出句中的宾补
1. My young brother always makes me cry.
2. They saw a young man enter the old building.
3. He heard an old man csinging in the park.
4. We had built and let the raft sail down the river
5. But I could see a man lying on the floor, tied up with rope.
句子附属成分
附属成分
基本成分的修饰语。可以是：
定语：即用来修饰名词的单词、短语或从句
状语：即用来修饰名词或代词以外的词的单词、短语或从句。
6 定 语
Poor John walked into a hospital nearby．
She likes oranges imported from the USA.
John is a student who likes reading books．
Have you seen the book on the desk
The boy playing over there is my brother.
The boy in black shirt likes sports.
说明1：当定语修饰不定代词如：nothing , anything ,
everything , something 等时，定语要放在其后作后置定语
我告诉他一些有趣的事情。
I tell him something interesting .
说明2：不定式、短语或从句作定语时，也放在被修饰的名词之后。
这间屋子里的男孩子们是10班的。
The boys in the room are in Class Ten.
六 挑出下列句中的定语
① They use Mr., Mrs. with the family name.
② What is your given name
③ On the third floor are Class 1 and Class 3.
④ I am afraid some people forgot to sweep the floor.
⑤ The man downstairs was trying to sleep.
附属成分
基本成分的修饰语。可以是：
定语：即用来修饰名词的单词、短语或从句
状语：即用来修饰名词或代词以外的词的单词、短语或从句。
7 状 语
John often came to chat with me．
John likes oranges very much．
Hearing the news, he jumped with joy.
As he was ill, he didn’t come to class yesterday.
She is sitting at the desk, doing her homework.
My father worked in this school ten years ago.
七 挑出下列句中的状语
① There was a big smile on her face.
② Every night he heard the noise upstairs.
③ He began to learn English when he was eleven.
④ The man on the motorbike was travelling too fast.
⑤ With the medicine box under her arm, Miss Li hurried off.
三 挑出下列句中的状语
⑥ She loves the library because she loves books.
　
⑦ I am afraid that if you've lost it, you must pay for it.
　
⑧ The students followed Uncle Wang to see the other machine.