While-reading
Task 1: Look through the text and answer the question.
Choose the author’s purpose in writing the passage.
1 To praise the wisdom of the ethnic groups living in Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region.
2 To explain how people worked in harmony with nature to create the Longji Rice Terraces.
3 To describe the beauty of the Longji Rice Terraces and to attract visitors to this scenic spot.
Task 2: Match the main ideas with each paragraph.
Para 1 The reasons for building the terraces.
Para 2 The working principles of the terraces.
Para 3 The vivid description of the terraces.
Para 4 The history of the terraces.
Para 5 Its meaning to local people.
Task 3: Choose the best answer according to the passage.
1. How does the author develop Paragraph 1
A. By listing the facts.
B. By comparing the facts.
C. By vividly descripting the scene.
D. By painting the beautiful colors
2. Which is not the reason why the people built
the terraces
A. Lack of enough flat areas
B. Holding the rainwater
C. Protecting the soil
D. Making the mountains more steep
3. Which is the correct order of how the terraces work
①The gas forms cloud ②The rain falls down
③ The water is turned into gas
④ The sun heats the water
⑤ The water flows into the terraces
A. ⑤④③①② B. ③①④②⑤③
C. ①④②⑤③① D. ②①④③⑤②
4. What can we conclude from the last paragraph
A. Modern technology helps people there produce more rice.
B. People there still value the ancient growing methods.
C. Many visitors come here to learn how to grow rice.
D.The young people there like to create great wonders.
Task 4: Read the passage again and find out the working principle of the Longji Rice Terraces.
Use the picture to retell the principle in your own words.
Task 5: Read the summary of the passage and correct four factual mistakes.
The Longji Rice Terraces were built by the local Zhuang ethnic group alone. Though there are many large, flat areas in the region, they built terraces on the mountains to have more areas to grow rice. The terraces are cleverly designed, and can wash away the shallow soil. There are hundreds of waterways, along which rainwater moves down the mountains and into the terraces. Today, local people use modern methods to maintain the terraces, and they attract lots of visitors from all over the country.
After-reading
Think and Share
1. Why do the local people still keep their traditional way of growing rice
2. In what other ways do people live in harmony with nature Give examples.
Conclusion
What have you learned from the passage
Discuss with your partners.
※Our ancestors accumulate a lot of experience on how to adapt to the local environment, from whom we can learn a lot.
※We should learn to live in harmony with nature.I. Match the words with their definitions.
plete the sentences with the correct form of the words in the box.
1. The dry rocky __________ is unsuitable for planting apple trees.
2. After the heavy rains the fields were covered with a __________ of water.
3. The Golden Gate Bridge was __________ by Joseph Strauss.
4. We woke up to see the bushes covered with a layer of white __________.
5. The new law was passed to promote social and racial __________ between the different groups of people living there.
6. This is one of the poorest __________ in the country.
7. He __________ up the presents carefully and placed them under the Christmas tree.
a a scientific theory or basic natural law that explains the way in which something works
b a plant such as wheat, rice, that is grown for food, usually on a farm
c the ability to make good decisions based on knowledge and experience
d not deep, with only a short distance from the top or surface to the bottom
e a period of time during which members of the same family rule a country or region
f the quality of being very attractive to look at
g the work, business, or study of farming
h a particular place or area, especially a pleasant place where you spend time
1 agriculture
2 beauty
3 crop
4 dynasty
5 principle
6 shallow
7 wisdom
sheet wrap frost
region soil harmony design Unit 6 At one with nature
导读：布鲁诺·马尔斯(Bruno Mars)是个有着独特嗓音的创作型歌手，他的歌曲风格多变，在流行、非主流嘻哈、灵魂、摇滚和节奏布鲁斯等领域都有所发展。这首Just the Way You Are《坚持做自己》于2010年9月发行，在美国公告牌百强单曲榜上榜9周后终于不负众望夺得了冠军。
Just the Way You Are
Oh her eyes，her eyes
Make the stars look like they’re not shining
Her hair，her hair falls perfectly without her trying
She’s so ①beautiful
And I tell her every day
Yeah I know I know
When I compliment her
She won’t ②believe me
And it’s so，it’s so
Sad to think that she doesn’t see what I ③see
I say
But every time she asks me do I look okay
I say
When I see your ④face
There’s not a thing that I would change
’Cause you’re amazing
Just the way you are
And when you ⑤smile
The whole world stops and stares for a while
’Cause girl you’re amazing
Just the way you are
Her lips，her lips I could kiss them all day if she’d let me
Her laugh，her laugh
She hates but I think it’s so sexy
She’s so beautiful and I tell her every day
坚持做自己
哦，她的眼眸
让星星都黯淡
她的秀发不需要梳理就完美垂落
她是如此美丽
每天我都这样告诉她
是的，我知道
每当我称赞她的时候
她都不会相信我
我是这样伤心
她为何看不到我看到的一切呢
但是每当她问我“我今天美吗”
我都会说
当我看见你的面庞
我不想改变丝毫
只因你是这样的完美
坚持做你自己吧
当你微笑时
整个世界仿佛都停止转动，只为能够欣赏你的容颜
只因你是这样惊艳
坚持做你自己吧
她的唇，如果她允许，我愿意整天亲吻
她的笑颜
她不喜欢，但是我却觉得如此性感
她是这样美，我每天都这样告诉她
eq \a\vs4\al\co1( 素 养 导 航)
Part Ⅰ Starting out & Understanding ideas
Longji Rice Terraces
Imagine mountains wrapped in silver water, shining in the spring sun.Summer sees the mountains turn bright green with growing rice.During autumn, these same mountains are gold, and in winter they are covered in sheets of white frost.These are the colours of the Longji Rice Terraces.
These terraces were built by the local Zhuang and Yao people, (1)to whom Guangxi is home.(2)Starting in the Yuan Dynasty, work on the terraces took hundreds of years, until its completion in the early Qing Dynasty.Reaching as far as the eye can see, these terraces cover tall mountains, often from the bottom to the very top.
So why did these people go to so much trouble to turn the entire mountains into terraces Firstly, there are few large, flat areas of land in the region.Building the terraces therefore meant (3)that they could increase the areas in which they could grow rice.Secondly, (4)although the region has plenty of rain, the mountains are steep and the soil is shallow.The flat terraces catch the rainwater and prevent the soil from being washed away.
But perhaps (5)what is most significant is the way in which people have worked in harmony with nature to make these terraces and grow rice.The terraces are cleverly designed, with hundreds of waterways that connect with each other.During the rainy season, (6)it is along these waterways that rainwater moves down the mountains and into the terraces.The sun heats the water and turns it into vapour.This forms clouds (7)from which rain falls down onto the mountain terraces once again.These terraces also provide a perfect environment for birds and fish, (8)some of which feed on insects that can harm the rice crops.
Although modern technology could help produce more crops, these terraces still mean a lot to the people (9)for whom traditions hold much value.This knowledge is passed down through families, (10)which means that new generations continue to use ancient methods of agriculture to maintain the terraces.Today, the Longji Rice Terraces attract thousands of visitors (11)who come to admire this great wonder created by people and nature working together.
(1)此处为“介词＋关系代词”引导的定语从句。
(2)starting in...是现在分词短语作时间状语。
(3)that引导宾语从句，其中包含一个“介词＋关系代词”引导的定语从句。
(4)although引导让步状语从句。
(5)what引导主语从句，在从句中作主语；in which引导定语从句，修饰先行词the way。
(6)此处为强调句型it is...that...，强调状语along these waterways。
(7)from which引导定语从句，修饰先行词clouds。
(8)此处为“不定代词＋介词＋关系代词”引导的定语从句，修饰先行词birds and fish；其中又包含一个that引导的定语从句，修饰先行词insects。
(9)for whom引导定语从句，修饰先行词people。
(10)which引导非限制性定语从句，先行词为整个主句；that引导的是宾语从句。
(11)who引导定语从句，修饰先行词visitors；created by people为过去分词短语作后置定语，修饰wonder。
①terrace n.梯田
②wrap v.包，裹
③sheet n.(冰或水等的)一大片
④frost n.霜
⑤dynasty n.朝代
⑥completion n.完成，结束
⑦region n.地区，区域
⑧therefore adv.因此，由此
⑨steep adj.陡的，陡峭的
⑩soil n.土壤
shallow adj.浅的
prevent v.阻挡，防止
prevent sb/sth from doing sth阻止某人/某物做某事
wash away 冲走
significant adj.重要的，影响深远的
harmony n.融洽相处，和谐
in harmony with与……协调，与……一致
design v.设计
waterway n.水路，航道
once again再一次
feed on以……为食
harm v.伤害，损害
crop n.庄稼，作物
tradition n.传统
pass down传下来
generation n.一代人
agriculture n.农业
attract v.吸引，引起……的兴趣
admire v.欣赏，观赏
Step Ⅰ General reading
Match each paragraph with its main idea.
Para.1 A.A brief introduction of the way in which people have worked in harmony with nature to make these terraces and grow rice
Para.2 B.Thousands of visitors come to the Longji Rice Terraces to admire this great wonder.
Para.3 C.Who built the terraces and how long it took to complete the terraces
Para.4 D.A brief introduction of the colours of the Longji Rice Terraces
Para.5 E.Why did these people turn entire mountains into terraces
答案 Para.1—D Para.2—C Para.3—E Para.4—A
Para.5—B
Step Ⅱ Factual reading
Read the text carefully and choose the best answer.
1.How long did the Longji Rice Terraces last
A.A century. B.Hundreds of years.
C.Thousands of years. D.Fifty years.
2.The significance of the Longji Rice Terraces lies in the fact that ________.
A.they were built by the Zhuang and Yao people living in Guangxi
B.they increase the areas in which they could grow rice
C.they can catch the rainwater and prevent the soil from being washed away
D.people worked in harmony with nature to create the Longji Rice Terraces
3.What’s the right order of the working principle of the Longji Rice Terraces
①Rain falls down onto the mountain terraces once again.
②The water is turned into gas.
③Along these waterways rainwater moves down the mountains and into terraces.
④The sun heats the water.
⑤Clouds form.
A.③①②⑤④ B.③④②⑤①
C.③⑤②①④ D.③②④①⑤
4.What is the author’s purpose in writing the text
A.To introduce how the Longji Rice Terraces were built.
B.To praise the wisdom of the ethnic groups living in Guangxi.
C.To explain how people worked in harmony with nature to create the Longji Rice Terraces.
D.To describe the beauty of the Longji Rice Terraces and to attract visitors to this scenic spot.
答案 1.B 2.D 3.B 4.C
Step Ⅲ Cloze test
Fill in the blanks according to the text.
The Longji Rice Terraces 1.were__built (build) by the local Zhuang and Yao people, to whom Guangxi is home.2.Starting (start) in the Yuan Dynasty, work on the terraces took hundreds of years, until 3.its (it) completion in the early Qing Dynasty.These terraces increase the areas 4.in which people grow rice.Besides, they can catch the rainwater and prevent the soil from 5.being__washed (wash)away.But perhaps 6.what is most significant is the way in which people 7.have__worked (work) in harmony with nature to make these terraces and grow rice.Although modern technology could help produce more 8.crops (crop), new generations continue to use ancient methods of agriculture to maintain the terraces.Today, the Longji Rice Terraces attract thousands of 9.visitors (visit) who come to admire this great wonder created by people 10.and nature working together.
Ⅰ.词汇语境认知——写出语境中加黑单词或短语的意义
1.They are looking for ways of helping space pioneers grow their own crops.庄稼
2.The road was covered with a sheet of ice.(冰或水等的)一大片
3.Cliffs are the steep sides of mountains at the edge of a river or the sea.陡峭的
4.You’d better practice swimming in a shallow pool.浅的
5.Smoking and alcohol drinking do harm to one’s health a great deal, and therefore should be given up.因此
6.Floods washed much of the topsoil away.冲走
Ⅱ.单词语境记忆——根据句意和汉语提示写出单词的适当形式
1.Flooding is likely in some coastal regions (地区) of the northeast during the early part of the week.
2.We plant trees every year so as to protect the soil (土壤) on the hill.
3.This kind of stamps is designed (设计) by some students who are learning art at our university.
4.The number of people employed in agriculture(农业) has fallen in the last decade.
5.Too much sun will harm (伤害)your skin.
6.It is right for your school to prevent (阻止)you from using cell phones.
7.If we want to live in harmony (和谐)with nature, we must protect the environment.
8.Repair work is scheduled for completion (完成) in April.
Ⅲ.短语语境填空——根据汉语提示写出适当的短语
1.We are taking steps to prevent air from (阻止……) being polluted.
2.Australia is__home__to (是……的生长地) the kangroo.
3.The witch turned the frog into (把……变成……) a prince.
4.I’ll call him once__again (再一次), but then we have to leave.
5.They come out only at night and feed__on (以……为食) some insects.
6.These traditions have been passed__down (传下来) from one generation to the next.
7.Our mission is to find ways for people to live in__harmony__with (与……和谐)nature.
1.harmony n.融洽相处，和谐
·But perhaps what is most significant is the way in which people have worked in harmony with nature to make these terraces and grow rice.(教材P63)但是也许最重要的是人们制造这些梯田、种植水稻但又与大自然和谐相处的方式。
·We must ensure that industry develops in harmony with the environment.
我们必须确保工业与环境和谐发展。
·The piano was out of harmony with the rest of the instruments.
钢琴弹得与其他乐器不协调。
用harmony的适当形式填空
①The progress of the society is based on harmony.
②We are trying to form a harmonious society to meet people’s need.
补全句子
③When children grow up, their ideas will be out__of__harmony__with__their__parents.当孩子们长大后，他们的想法会与父母不一致。
④Only if people live in__harmony__with__each__other can we have a stable society.只有人们彼此和谐共处，我们才能拥有安定的社会。
单词一族
harmonious adj.和谐的，协调的
用法总结
in harmony with 与……融洽；与……一致
out of harmony with 与……不协调，不一致
2.design vt.设计；打算；意欲，意图n.设计；图案
·The terraces are cleverly designed, with hundreds of waterways that connect with each other.(教材P63)梯田设计巧妙，数百条水道相互连通。
·The weekend party was designed to bring the two old men together.
这次周末聚会的用意是让两位老人见面。
·It is designed as a textbook for a one-term course.
它可用作一学期课程的教材。
单句语法填空
①This entrance has been specially designed for people in wheelchairs.
②We don’t know whether it was done by accident or by design.
③This is a very beautiful house, designed (design) for his parents.
单词一族
designer n. 设计者；设计师
用法总结
be designed for/to do... 专为……设计的；目的是……
be designed as 被设置为……
by design 有意地，故意地
3.harm vt.& n.伤害，损害
·These terraces also provide a perfect environment for birds and fish, some of which feed on insects that can harm the rice crops.(教材P63)这些梯田也为鸟和鱼提供了完美的环境，一些鸟和鱼以危害水稻作物的昆虫为食。
·The heavy haze in the eastern area of China especially in Jinan did great harm to people’s health.
华东地区特别是济南的雾霾对人们的健康造成了巨大的伤害。
·There’s no harm in telling him the truth.把真相告诉他没有什么害处。
·It’s harmful to your health to drink too much.饮酒过量对你的健康有害。
选词填空：harm，hurt，injure，wound
①Drinking seriously harmed his health.
②His words hurt my feelings.
③Several children were injured in the traffic accident.
④He tried to stop the flow of blood from the wound.
句型转换
⑤Staying up often can harm your health.
→Staying up often can do harm to your health.
→Staying up often can be harmful to your health.
单词一族
harmful adj. 有害的；伤害的
harmless adj. 无害的
用法总结
do...harm/do harm to... 对……有害
There is no harm in (sb’s) doing sth 做某事无害处
be harmful to... 对……有害处
辨析比较
harm “危害，使受伤害”，常用于抽象事物
hurt “弄疼，使受伤”，可指肉体上的伤害，更多用于情感上的伤害
injure “使受伤，伤害”，尤其指在事故中受到的伤害
wound “伤害，使受伤”，主要用于刀、枪、剑等武器对身体造成的创伤
4.attract v.吸引，引起……的兴趣
·Today, the Longji Rice Terraces attract thousands of visitors who come to admire this great wonder created by people and nature working together.
(教材P63)今天龙脊梯田吸引了成千上万的游客来欣赏这个由人和大自然共同创造的伟大奇迹。
·I was doubly attracted to the house, by its size and its location.
我喜欢这房子有两方面的原因，大小合适而且位置也好。
·I tried to attract his attention, but he was still lost in thought.
我试图吸引他的注意力，但是他仍然陷入沉思。
·China is attractive to tourists for its beautiful scenery and historic sites.
中国的风景名胜和历史古迹对旅游者很有吸引力。
用attract的适当形式填空
①I wish his words to__attract the audience.
②This new iPad is more attractive than any other one.
③Beijing is also a tourist attraction.
补全句子
④WTO membership made China even__more__attractive__to foreign investors.
加入WTO使中国对于外国投资者更具吸引力。
单词一族
attractive adj.吸引人的
attraction n. 吸引；吸引人的事物；吸引力
用法总结
(1)attract sb to sb/sth 引起某人对某人/某物的注意
attract one’s attention 吸引某人的注意
(2)be attractive to... 对……有吸引力
a tourist attraction 旅游胜地
1.prevent sb/sth (from) doing sth阻止某人/某物做某事
·The flat terraces catch the rainwater and prevent the soil from being washed away.(教材P63)平坦的梯田吸收雨水并且防止土壤被冲走。
单句语法填空
①What was it that prevented Ben from coming in time
补全句子
②The heavy rain prevented__him__arriving__there on time.
大雨使得他没能按时到达那里。
③We try to make a fire to protect__us__from__the__cold__night.
我们试图生火保护我们免受夜晚的寒冷。
短语记牢
(1)prevent sb/sth (from) doing sth＝stop sb/sth (from) (doing) sth＝keep sb/sth from doing sth阻止某人/某物做某事
(2)protect...from doing sth 保护……免受……
名师提醒 prevent sb/sth (from) (doing) sth和stop sb/sth (from) (doing) sth用法相同，在主动语态中from可以省略，但是在被动语态中from不能省略。
2.feed on(＝live on)以……为食
·These terraces also provide a perfect environment for birds and fish, some of which feed on insects that can harm the rice crops.(教材P63)这些梯田也为鸟和鱼提供了完美的环境，一些鸟和鱼以危害水稻作物的昆虫为食。
用适当的介词填空
①Most of the Chinese people feed on rice.
②Farmers feed kitchen leftovers to the pigs.
一句多译
③人们厌烦这么多的交通堵塞。
→People are__fed__up__with all these traffic jams.
→People are__tired__of all these traffic jams.
短语记牢
feed sb with/on... 用……喂养某人
feed sth to sb/sth 把某物给某人/某物吃
be fed up with＝be tired of (口语)厌倦……
During the rainy season，it is along these waterways that rainwater moves down the mountains and into the terraces.
(教材P63)在雨季，雨水是沿着这些水路流下山进入梯田的。
【分析】 该句中的“it is...that...”是强调句型，强调的是句子的状语along these waterways。
【拓展】 强调句型的用法：
(1)强调句型的基本结构是：“It is/was＋被强调部分＋that/who＋句子其他部分”。
(2)强调句型的一般疑问句是将is/was提前，即：“Is/Was it...that...”。
(3)强调句型的特殊疑问句形式，需将陈述句变成一般疑问句，再在句首加上疑问词，即“疑问词(被强调部分)＋is/was＋it＋that＋句子其他部分”。
(4)not...until...结构在强调句型中的运用：until引导的时间状语从句可以用在强调句型中，其结构为“It is/was not until...that...”。
·It was his best friend that/who he met at the party.
聚会时他遇到的是他最好的朋友。
·Was it Sally that/who phoned you just now
刚才给你打电话的是莎莉吗？
·What was it that happened to the man last night
昨天晚上，那人究竟发生了什么事？
·It was not until she took off her sunglasses that I recognized her.
直到她摘下墨镜我才认出她来。
按照要求完成下列练习
His friend bought him a present while he visited New York.
①→It__was__his__friend__that/who__bought__him__a__present__while__he__visited__New__York.(强调主语)
②→It__was__a__present__that__his__friend__bought__him__while__he__visited__New__York.(强调直接宾语)
③→It__was__while__he__visited__New__York__that__his__friend__bought__him__a__present.(强调时间状语)
名师提醒 强调句型的判断方法：把it is/was及that/who去掉，依然是一个完整的句子；否则，就不是强调句型。试比较：
It was in the park that I lost my cell phone.(强调句型)
It was the park where I lost my cell phone.(where引导定语从句)
Ⅰ.语法填空
一、读下列单句并填空(每空不超过3个词)
1.When we have harmony within ourselves, we live in harmony with all others.
2.If teenagers spend too much time on the Internet, it will surely do great harm to their health.
3.The program is designed to__help (help) people who wish to teach abroad.
4.The prevention (prevent)and control of major accidents have become an important job.
5.The villagers set off firecrackers to celebrate the completion (complete)of the bridge.
二、读下面的语段并填空(每空不超过3个词)
6.The famous building is said to be designed by an outstanding designer called Jason.(design)
7.The Great Wall is an attraction,__whose scenery is very attractive,__and it attracts a large number of tourists every day.(attract)
8.People’s life here is full of harmony and at the same time, human and nature make a harmonious picture.(harmony)
Ⅱ.选词填空
design, therefore, do harm to, feed on, in harmony with
1.Bats fly at night and feed__on insects (昆虫).
2.He was very tired, and therefore he didn’t give the market report.
3.We must make it clear whether it happened by accident or by design.
4.Your suggestions are not in__harmony__with the aims of this project.
5.It has been proved that often using cell phones does__harm__to health.
Ⅲ.补全句子
1.He suddenly fell ill, which__prevented/stopped/kept__him__from going to school.
他突然生病，不能去上学了。
2.As teenagers, it__is__not__until__we__are__able__to__face__difficulties__bravely__that we are mature enough.作为青少年，直到我们能够勇敢地面对困难，我们才算足够成熟。
3.The story attracted__a__lot__of__attention from the media.这个传闻引起了媒体的许多关注。
4.These exercises are__designed__to__strengthen muscles.
这些运动是为了增强肌肉力量而设计的。
5.Owls feed__on__mice and other small animals.
猫头鹰以老鼠和其他小动物为食。
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
Maaseik, a city in Belgium, has opened an exhibition of about 200 relics and treasures of the Tang Dynasty (618 AD—907 AD), showing China’s golden age of ancient civilization(文明).
The exhibition, which opened on May 11 and will continue until Oct.20, is part of the city’s effort to create a centre of Chinese culture.Belgian Princess Mathilde formally announced the beginning of the exhibition, titled “China’s Golden Age：Treasures from the Tang Dynasty”.
The items, including gold plates and silver wares for royal families, Tang Dynasty tri-colour glazed figurines (小雕像) of women and paintings, have recently been on exhibit in the Dutch city of Assen.
All of the exhibited items are from Shaanxi Province, China.Its provincial capital Xi’an was the most populous(人口多的) city in the world and once the capital of the Tang Dynasty.
The Tang period is generally regarded as a high point in Chinese civilization—equal to, or better than that of the earlier Han Dynasty(202 BC-220 AD), a golden age of Chinese culture.
Several years ago, said Dirk Verlaak, vice-mayor of Maaseik, his city and Assen teamed up to host history and culture exhibitions of China’s first two imperial dynasties, the Qin (221 BC-206 BC) and the Han.The Chinese relics and treasures attracted 350，000 visitors in Assen and 190，000 in Maaseik.
“Westerners don’t know much about China’s ancient civilization and history, and we hope the new exhibition in Maaseik can attract more visitors.” said Verlaak.
【语篇解读】 比利时城市Maaseik于5月11日至10月20日举办中国唐代文物展览。其主要目的是传播中国文化，从而让更多的西方人了解中国。
1.Maaseik held the exhibition in order to ________.
A.make money B.educate people
C.attract foreign visitors D.spread Chinese culture
答案 D [细节理解题。根据第一段中的“showing China’s golden age of ancient civilization(文明)”和第二段中的“to create a centre of Chinese culture”可知，这次展览的主要目的是传播中国文化。故选D。]
2.What’s Dirk Verlaak’s attitude toward the exhibition
A.Doubtful. B.Content.
C.Worried. D.Disappointed.
答案 B [观点态度题。根据最后两段内容，再结合Dirk Verlaak的话可以判断出，他对本次展览是满意的。故选B。]
3.What would be the best title for the passage
A.Tang Dynasty Treasures Exhibited in Belgium
B.Tang Dynasty Treasures Discovered in Belgium
C.Chinese Culture Goes Around the World
D.Chinese Civilization Attracts Foreigners
答案 A [标题归纳题。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍的是比利时城市Maaseik举办中国文化展览，展出的都是中国唐代的文物，由此可知标题用Tang Dynasty Treasures Exhibited in Belgium合适，故选A。]
B
The forests in eastern Zimbabwe provide the country with wood and most of the fresh fruit.But the removal of large numbers of trees and the use of fire to clear land have caused a lot of damage to the area.Officials say Zimbabwe lost more than 1.5 million hectares of forests in 2016.This is mostly because of local communities cutting the trees for firewood or setting fires in forested areas to make hunting easier.
But now a non-profit (非营利的) group，called Environment Africa，is trying to improve the situation.Environment Africa is teaching farmers to raise bees.The group is working in the Mutasa district，near the country’s border with Mozambique.And it has already helped about 1，500 farmers.
Benjamin Chatambura is one such farmer.He has set up about 250 beehives (蜂窝) near his home.Chatambura sells the honey that the bees produce and uses the money to feed his family.He likes having bees on his land because the insects help him and the forests.“The trees provide us with flowers，”he says.“They are the food for the bees to produce the honey.If there were a way，I would like more land to plant more different types of trees in.We used to have serious problems before we were trained in the importance of the forests.”
Lawrence Nyagwande works in Environment Africa.He says some farmers are earning as much as $1，000 a month from selling honey.The average government worker in Zimbabwe earns just about $500 a month.Nyagwande said beekeeping is helping improve the country’s forests.
Support for this project has helped draw people’s attention to protecting the environment，and caught the attention of the government.Violet Makoto represents Zimbabwe’s Forestry Commission，a government agency that works to protect forests.She says the Commission hopes local community leaders will take up beekeeping.She said officials also want to end the use of fire to clear land.
【语篇解读】 本文主要讲述了津巴布韦一个非营利组织利用教人养蜂的方式保护了森林。
4.What does Environment Africa do
A.It sells honey to Mozambique.
B.It calls on the public not to cut trees.
C.It encourages local people to raise bees.
D.It’s aimed at helping farmers to earn more.
答案 C [细节理解题。根据第二段中的But now a non-profit(非营利的) group，called Environment Africa，is trying to improve the situation.Environment Africa is teaching farmers to raise bees.可知，该组织鼓励当地人养蜂。]
5.From Lawrence Nyagwande，we know ________.
A.government workers earn too little
B.the farmer benefits a lot from beekeeping
C.beekeeping helps improve the country’s economy
D.local community leaders should take up beekeeping
答案 B [推理判断题。根据第四段的He says some farmers are earning as much as $1，000 a month from selling honey.可推断，当地养蜂人收益不错。]
6.What’s Zimbabwe’s Forestry Commission’s attitude towards beekeeping
A.Positive. B.Worried.
C.Uncertain. D.Doubtful.
答案 A [观点态度题。根据第五段，尤其是She says the Commission hopes local community leaders will take up beekeeping.可知，津巴布韦的林业委员会对养蜂业是支持的。]
7.What is the passage mainly about
A.Problems faced by forests in eastern Zimbabwe.
B.Some information on a non-profit organization.
C.Ways of protecting the environment.
D.A good way to protect forests.
答案 D [主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文主要讲述了津巴布韦一个非营利组织利用教人养蜂的方式保护了森林，故可推出答案。]
Ⅱ.七选五
China is making great effort to protect its cultural relics.In early May，State Administration of Cultural Heritage (SACH) added 1，943 unmovable cultural relics sites to the list.So the number of these sites on this list will increase to 4，295.__1__
The newly added sites were reviewed(评审) by more than 130 experts.They spread around Shanxi，Henan，Hunan，Hebei and Jiangsu provinces，including 795 pieces of ancient architecture and 516 ancient ruins.__2__ In an interview，the head of the SACH said that new types of cultural relics sites have been newly listed to get protection at first，including industrial relics，rural architecture and cultural landscapes.__3__ For example，some are in the north China’s Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region.
Despite great achievements during the years of effort，problems still exist.__4__ Historic relics get stolen and antiques are taken abroad secretly.The head of the SACH said that people had faced a challenge to the protection of cultural relics for a long time.So，balancing the relationship between economic development and protection of history is important.__5__ He also used good examples of protection，describing how some cultural relics sites have become education bases for young people and popular tourist places，where a lot of people spend their holiday.
A.All of them need protecting as quickly as possible.
B.They also include outstanding modern architecture.
C.The SACH has found a total of 4，295 cultural relics.
D.Many relics have been destroyed in the process of urban construction.
E.Cultural relics sites should become positive factors to improve economic development.
F.When talking about protecting the cultural relics，the head of SACH ordered some to be saved.
G.Moreover，many of the new sites also include valuable cultural relics from ethnic minority regions(少数民族地区).
【语篇解读】 本文主要介绍的是国家文物局把一些文化遗产增加到名单中，以使这些文化遗产得到很好的保护。
1.A [中国在文化遗迹保护方面一直在努力，今年又在不可移动文化遗址名单上增加了1943处，它们都需要尽快地得到保护。故选A。]
2.B [根据前面的including 795 pieces of ancient architecture and 516 ancient ruins可知，这些新增加的文化遗迹包括795件古代建筑式样和516处古代废墟。为保持文意连贯，此处应是对此话题的进一步说明——它们也包括一些杰出的现代建筑式样。故选B。]
3.G [根据后面的For example，some are in the north China’s Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region可知，此处说的是少数民族地区的一些有价值的文化遗迹。故选G。]
4.D [根据前面的problems still exist可以判断出，此处应为在文物保护工作中遇到的问题。故选D。]
5.E [本段说的是人类应该在经济发展和保护文化遗迹之间取得平衡。只有E项“文化遗迹应该成为增进经济发展的积极因素”与段落大意相吻合。]
Ⅲ.语法填空
California Gold Rush
On January 24, 1848, James was working on a big farm belonging to Sutter 1.________ he discovered gold.This was the 2.________(begin) of the California Gold Rush of 1848.
The gold that 3.________(find) at Sutter’s farm changed the life of Sutter.He tried to keep the news of the gold a secret.He did not want his land 4.________(destroy) by people looking for gold.Finally, the news did get out, and thousands of people from all over the country rushed to his land 5.________(crazy).They took his land and killed his cattle.Sutter’s own 6.________ (worker) left their jobs and started searching for gold.
The population of California went from 14，000 in 1848 to almost 100，000 7.________ following year.By 1860, the population reached 380，000.People 8.________ rushed into California looking for gold were called “forty-niners.”
In 1848, California became part of the United States when Mexico lost its war with the United States.Because California no longer belonged 9.________ Mexico, the United States Supreme Court said that Sutter could not get his land back.Sutter spent the rest of his life 10.________ (try) to get the United States government to pay for the land he lost during the gold rush of 1848.
【语篇解读】 1848年詹姆斯正在农场干活，这时他突然发现了黄金，从此加州淘金热开始了，无数的人从全国各地涌到加州淘金。
1.when [此处为be doing...when...句式，表示“正在做某事，这时突然……”。]
2.beginning [结合前面的the和后面的介词of可判断出，此处要用名词形式。begin的名词形式为beginning。]
3.was found [根据句子结构可知，先行词为单数The gold，与定语从句的谓语动词find之间为被动关系，且发生在过去，故要用一般过去时的被动语态。]
4.to be destroyed [动词want的宾语补足语要用不定式，且宾语his land与动词destroy之间为被动关系，故要用不定式的被动语态形式。]
5.crazily [修饰动词rush要用副词形式，表示方式。]
6.workers [根据后面的their jobs可知，此处要用复数形式，表示“他自己的工人们”。]
7.the [此处表示“第二年”，为特指。]
8.who/that [根据句子结构可知，此处为定语从句，先行词为People，在从句中作主语，故要用who/that。]
9.to [固定表达belong to表示“属于”。]
10.trying [此处为spend time (in) doing...。此处介词in省略了。]Part Ⅱ Using language——定语从句(3)
【思维导图】
Ⅰ.基本特征感悟
【感悟用法】
The man to whom you talked just now is my English teacher.He is adopting a new teaching method in which we are all interested.Tomorrow is the Teachers’ Day on which we are going to give him a gift in order to thank him.
【自我总结】
上文中黑体部分引导的是定语从句，它们均为介词＋关系代词。
Ⅱ.主要用法精讲
一、“介词＋关系代词”结构中的关系代词
“介词＋关系代词”是一种普遍使用的结构。“介词＋关系代词”结构中的关系代词只可用whom或which，不可用that。
Do you remember the day on which (when) you joined our club
还记得你加入我们俱乐部的那一天吗？
In the dark street, there wasn’t a single person to whom she could turn for help.在漆黑的大街上没有一个人她能够求助。
二、“介词＋关系代词”结构中介词的确定
介词的选择可以总结为：“一先、二动、三意义、四特殊”。
1.一先，即先看先行词，从先行词入手。介词往往和先行词构成固定搭配。(比如时间常和on, in, by搭配；地点常用on，in，at；原因用for；方式用in，by，with等)
This is the house in which (where) the inventor lived.
这就是那位发明家住过的房子。
2.二动，即看从句中的谓语动词结构。根据从句中谓语动词的搭配选择合适的介词。
He is the person of whom everyone has heard.(hear of 听说)
他是那位所有人都听说过的人。
3.三意义：通过判断主句表达的全部意义来确定合适的介词。
He was educated at a local high school，after which he went on to Beijing University.
他在当地的一所高中上学，之后他继续在北京大学学习。
4.四特殊：介词of 常用于“表示部分的词语＋of＋关系代词结构”。
表示部分的词语常见的有：不定代词all，both，none，neither，either，some，any，数词(含基数词，序数词，分数和百分数)；数词＋名词；the＋最高级/比较级，以及表示数目或数量的词语many，most，few，several，enough, half, a quarter。
There are sixty students in our class，twenty of whom are girls.
我们班有六十名学生，其中二十名是女生。
The factory produces half a million pairs of shoes every year, 80% of which are sold abroad.这家工厂每年生产50万双鞋子，其中的80%销往国外。
There are two rooms，the smaller of which is my study room.
有两个房间，较小的那个是我的书房。
“介词＋关系代词”引导的定语从句中可用的关系代词有哪些？此结构中可以把关系代词换成关系副词吗？
指人时，用whom；指物时，用which。该结构中不能把关系代词换成关系副词，因为介词后要跟关系代词。
即学即练
用“介词＋关系代词”填空
1.There are some occasions on__which one must give in.
2.Can you tell me the reason for__which you didn’t come to her birthday party
3.Water is a thing without__which man can’t live.
4.The old woman has two sons, both of__whom are doctors.
名师提醒
像listen to, look at, depend on, pay attention to, take care of等固定动词短语，在定语从句中一般不宜将介词与动词分开。
This is the person whom/who/that you are looking for.
这就是你在找的那个人。
Ⅰ.用“介词＋关系代词”填空
1.Wind power is an ancient source of energy to__which we may return in the near future.
2.The newly-built café，the walls of__which are painted light green, is really a peaceful place for us, especially after hard work.
3.This is the teacher from__whom I’ve learnt a lot.
4.Gun control is a subject about__which Americans have argued for a long time.
5.The policeman with/about__whom Mr Henry is talking is a friend of mine.
6.He built a telescope through__which he could study the stars.
7.My father is the first person to__whom I will turn for help when I meet difficulties.
8.Is she the girl from__whom you borrowed the dress yesterday evening
9.I will never forget the day on__which I was admitted to a famous university.
10.Would you be kind enough to help the boy for__whom Chinese is really hard to learn
Ⅱ.用“介词＋关系代词”补全句子
1.Students should take an active part in the communityactivities from__which__they__can__gain__social__experience.
学生们应该积极参加那些能够让他们获得社会经验的社区活动。
2.This is the policeman by__whom__my__son__was__saved.
这正是救了我儿子的警察。
3.This is the house in__which__I__lived__two__years__ago.
这是我两年前住过的房子。
4.In my first chemistry class I knew the fact that this kind of colorless gas without__which__we__can’t__live is called oxygen.
在我的第一堂化学课上，我知道了这个事实：这种无色气体被称作氧气，没有它我们无法生存。
5.History is the subject in our school in__which__every__student__is__interested.
历史是我们学校每个学生都很感兴趣的课程。
Ⅲ.语法填空
I was twelve years old when I learnt to ride a bike.The bike was a birthday present from my uncle.You can imagine how 1.________ (excite) I was when I saw the bike, and I begged my uncle to teach me how 2.________ (ride) it right away.However, before I got on the bike, I felt 3.________ (extreme) nervous and I was afraid that I would fall off and hurt 4.________(I).My uncle held onto the seat and helped me to get 5.________ the bike.While I was riding, he was running along beside me, holding the seat so I would not fall over.I was so 6.________ (gratitude) to him for his help.
As I was practicing, I became more and more confident.Then, I heard my uncle shouting, “You are riding it by yourself now！” I was scared.I was really riding by myself, but 7.________ if I fell off Could I use the brakes to stop As I was wondering about this, my uncle ran after me and got hold of the bike.I 8.________ (slow) down and came to a stop.My heart was still beating fast when I got off the bike.9.________ (late) that day, having learnt how to get on the bike and get off it, I felt like I was walking on air! I am still thankful to my uncle for teaching me to ride a bike on my 10.________ (twelve) birthday.
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇记叙文，作者讲述了12岁时在叔叔的帮助下学会骑自行车的故事。
1.excited [此处作表语，修饰人，故用-ed形式形容词。]
2.to ride [teach后可跟 “疑问词＋动词不定式”作宾语，故填to ride。]
3.extremely [修饰形容词nervous应用副词形式。]
4.myself [hurt oneself伤害自己。]
5.on [根据下文While I was riding可知叔叔帮助我骑上自行车。]
6.grateful [此处作表语，故用形容词形式。]
7.what [what if倘使……将会怎样。]
8.slowed [根据并列谓语and came to a stop可知此处应使用一般过去时。]
9.Later [later后来。later that day那天晚些时候。]
10.twelfth [此处表示顺序，用序数词。故填twelfth。]Part Ⅲ Developing ideas
A Love of Gardening
“(1)If you look the right way, you can see that the whole world is a garden.” These words come from the author of the book The Secret Garden, (2)first published in 1911.At that time, only the very rich in Britain had gardens.Very soon after this, homes with gardens began to be built.d.This__is__what__started__the__British__love__of__gardening！Today, millions of Brits like to say (3)that they have “ green fingers”，with around half the population spending their free time gardening.
c.For__many__people__in__the__UK，their__garden__is__their__own__private__world. Each spring, children plant sunflowers and wait to see (4)which one is the tallest.Expert gardeners know just the right corner for roses, and others spend hours trying to grow perfect vegetables to enter into competitions.And (5)while many Brits like nothing better than spending their Sunday cutting the grass, some are happy just to sit under the branches of the trees and enjoy the beauty of the world around them.
b.But__in__cities，limited__space__has__led__to__people__looking__for__new__solutions. Those without outside space can rent small pieces of land on which to grow things.Today, there are over 4，000 people in London (6)waiting for such pieces of land.One recent idea has been to turn rooftops and walls into private gardens.These gardens have helped make the cities greener and improve air quality.
a.As__well__as__being__good__for__the__environment,__gardening__is__also__good__for__the__soul.What other free-time activity allows you to be at one with nature and create more beautiful living things And if you’re in any doubt about this, take a moment to reflect on this line from The Secret Garden：“Where you tend a rose...A thistle cannot grow.”
(1)if引导条件状语从句；that引导宾语从句作see的宾语。
(2)first published in 1911为过去分词短语作后置定语。
(3)that引导宾语从句，作say的宾语，that在从句中不作成分；另外“with＋宾语＋现在分词短语”构成的with的复合结构。
(4)which引导宾语从句，作see的宾语。
(5)while“而，然而”引导并列句，表示对比；后句含有“主语＋be＋形容词＋不定式”结构，其中不定式作状语。
(6)此处为现在分词短语作后置定语，修饰people。
①publish v.出版
②at that time在那时，那时
③millions of数以百万计的
④green finger高超的种植技能
⑤spend...(in) doing sth花费(时间、金钱)做某事
⑥expert adj.内行的，专家的
⑦gardener n.园艺爱好者，园丁
⑧enter into...参与；进入
⑨beauty n.美，美丽
⑩rent v.租用，租借
turn...into...把……变成……
rooftop n.屋顶
improve v.改善，改进
air quality空气质量
as well as又；也；除……之外
be good for对……有益
soul n.灵魂
allow sb to do sth允许某人做某事
at one with nature与大自然融为一体
be in doubt about...对……有疑问
reflect on仔细考虑，思考
line n.文字
thistle n.蓟
Step Ⅰ Factual reading
Read the text carefully and choose the best answer.
1.What can we infer from the second paragraph
A.Different from people in other countries, the British people’s fingers are green.
B.All the British people have their own gardens.
C.Around half the population spend most of their free time gardening.
D.Lots of British people not only love but also are good at gardening.
2.What do the words “the world around them” in Paragraph 2 probably mean
A.their houses
B.their gardens
C.their living conditions
D.their hometown
3.What is the third paragraph mainly about
A.Gardens have helped make the cities greener and improve air quality.
B.Today more than 4，000 Londoners rent small pieces of land on which to grow things.
C.But in cities, limited space has led to people looking for new solutions.
D.Some people have turned rooftops and walls into private gardens.
答案 1.D 2.B 3.C
Step Ⅱ Cloze test
Fill in the blanks according to the text.
“1.If you look the right way, you can see that the whole world is a garden.” These words come from the author of the book The Secret Garden, first 2.published (publish) in 1911.At that time, only the very rich in Britain 3.had (have) gardens.However, today, millions of Brits like to say that they have “green fingers”， 4.with around half the population spending their free time gardening.Those without outside space can rent small pieces of land on which 5.to__grow (grow) things.Today, there are over 4，000 people in London 6.waiting (wait) for such pieces of land.One recent idea has been to turn rooftops and walls into private 7.gardens (garden).These gardens have helped make the cities 8.greener (green) and improve air quality.As well as being good for the 9.environment (environmental), gardening is also good for 10.the soul.
1.replace vt.以……替换，更换；放回原处
·In sentence (a), can we replace “in which” with “where” without changing the meaning？(教材P65)
在句(a)中，在不改变句意的情况下，我们能用“in which”代替“where”吗？
写出下列句中replace的含义
①Do you think it is possible that robots will replace the workers in the factories in the future？替换
②You have to replace the books on the shelves before you leave.放回原处
单句语法填空/句型转换
③It is still under discussion whether the old bus station should be replaced with/by a modern hotel or not.
④John is ill and I want to know who is going to replace him.
→John is ill and I want to know who is going to take the place of him/take his place.
用法总结
replace sth with/by sth用/以……代替/替换……
take the place of＝take one’s place 代替
in place of 代替
2.expert adj.内行的，专家的n.专家
·Expert gardeners know just the right corner for roses, and others spend hours trying to grow perfect vegetables to enter into competitions.(教材P68)
专业的园艺爱好者知道种植玫瑰的合适角落，另外一些人则花费好几个小时试图种植蔬菜来参与竞争。
·She is an expert in child psychology.她是儿童心理学家。
·A musician is one who is expert in playing a musical instrument.
音乐家是指擅长演奏某种乐器的人。
句型转换/翻译句子
①She is an expert in/on/at training animals.
→She is expert in/at training animals.
②Even expert drivers can make mistakes.
即使很熟练的驾驶员也会犯错误。
用法总结
an expert on/in/at… 某方面的专家
be expert in/at 在某方面擅长
3.rent v.租用，租借n.租金
·Those without outside space can rent small pieces of land on which to grow things.(教材P69)那些没有外部空间的人可以租用小块土地种东西。
·Some farmers rent their land from the council.一些农民从地方议会租用土地。
·With the development of pulling down household, it is harder to find apartments for rent.随着房屋拆迁的扩大，租房更难了。
介词填空
①Does he still live in the flat that was rented from a local farmer three years ago
②Can you tell me what kind of cars you have for rent？
用法总结
rent sth from sb 从某人处租用某物
for rent 供租用的
4.limited adj.有限的
·But in cities，limited space has led to people looking for new solutions.
(教材P70)但是在城市，有限的空间使人们寻找新的解决方法。
·She has reached the limit of her patience.她已到了忍无可忍的地步。
·They limit the speed of cars to 50 kilometers per hour on this road.
他们限定这条路的车速为每小时50千米。
单句语法填空/补全句子
①They have to set a limit to the cost.
②The speed of cars and trucks is__limited__to__30__kilometers per hour in large cities in China.
在中国的大城市里，小汽车和卡车的车速限定在每小时30千米。
单词一族
limit n. 限制；极限；界限
vt. 限制
limitless adj. 无限制的，无界限的
用法总结
set a limit to 限制，控制
reach the limit 达到极限
limit...to... 把……限制在……
5.benefit n.好处，益处vt.有利于；有益于；受益
·What are the benefits of gardening？(教材P70)园艺的好处是什么？
·As we know, books are the source of knowledge.I benefit a great deal from reading.
我们都知道书是知识的源泉。我从读书中获益匪浅。
·Doing exercise every day is of great benefit to health.
天天做运动对健康有好处。
·The soldier lost his life for the benefit of his motherland.
这名士兵为了祖国的利益献出了生命。
单句语法填空/补全句子
①The doctor considered that the change would be beneficial (benefit) to her health.
②It is said that Yoga is of great benefit to health.
③There is no doubt that the plants will__benefit__from__the__rain.
毫无疑问这些作物会从这场雨中受益。
单词一族
beneficial adj.有利的；有益的；受益的
用法总结
(1)for the benefit of＝ for one’s benefit 为了……的利益
be of benefit to 有益于；对……有好处
(2)benefit from/by... 从……中受益/获益
名师提醒
benefit一般为不可数名词，但意为“具体的好处”时是可数名词，可用复数形式。
as well as既……又……，不但……而且……；和……一样好
·As well as being good for the environment, gardening is also good for the soul.
(教材P70)园艺不仅对环境有好处，而且有益于心灵。
as well as常用来连接两个并列的成分，它强调的是前者，后者只是顺便提及。当它连接主语及其附属成分时，谓语动词与主语保持一致。
·Your wife as well as you is friendly to me.
→Not only you but also your wife is friendly to me.
不仅你而且你的妻子也对我很友好。
·You look as well as you did ten years ago.
你的身体看起来还和十年前一样好。
选词填空：as well/as well as
①Electric energy can be changed into light energy as__well__as into sound energy.
②Tom is going to London and his brother is going as__well.
句型转换
③He speaks not only English but also French.
→He speaks French as well as English.
短语记牢
as well 也，又，还(常位于句末)
名师提醒
not only...but also...连接两个并列的主语时，它强调的是后者。因此，谓语动词和后面的主语保持一致。
And while many Brits like nothing better than spending their Sunday cutting the grass, some are happy just to sit under the branches of the trees and enjoy the beauty of the world around them.(教材P68)
许多英国人最喜欢星期天剪草坪，而一些人则高兴地坐在树枝下，享受他们的花园之美。
【分析】 本句中while用作并列连词，意为“而，然而”，表示一种对比关系。
【拓展】 while的用法：
(1)while引导时间状语从句，意为“当……时候”
(2)while引导让步状语从句，意为“虽然，尽管”，一般放在句首，相当于although
(3)while引导条件状语从句，意为“只要”
·Cloning plants is simple while cloning animals is very complicated.
克隆植物简单，但克隆动物就非常复杂了。
·While the Internet is of great help, I don’t think it’s a good idea to spend too much time on it.
虽然网络很有帮助，但我认为在网上花太多时间不是个好主意。
·I learnt a lot of French while I was in Paris.在巴黎时我学了很多法语。
·While there is life, there is hope.留得青山在，不怕没柴烧。
补全句子
①You like sports，while__I__prefer__music.
你喜欢体育，而我更喜欢音乐。
②I lived in a dorm while__I__was__a__student.
我求学期间住在宿舍里。
③While__he__loves__his__students,__he is very strict with them.
虽然他爱他的学生，可是他对学生们很严格。
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1.It has also led to lots of American words and structures (结构)passing into British English.
2.Henry Luce had a grand (宏伟的)design for America’s future.
3.The house is located (位于……的)next to the river.
4.Some experts (专家) think that language learning is much easier for children.
5.Is it practicable to try to develop agriculture in desert (沙漠) regions
6.According to a survey published (出版) by an American university, the ten fastest growing jobs will be related to computers and health.
7.They’re renting (租) an apartment near the beach.
8.Camels (骆驼) are much better than horses for travelling a long distance.
9.They spent several days going through all related reference materials(材料).
10.The village lies low in a hidden valley (山谷).
Ⅱ.单句语法填空
1.The beauty (beautiful)of the mountainous village is more than I can describe.
2.My time is limited (limit), so I will limit myself to two aspects of the problem.
3.The cat felt curious when she saw her own reflection (reflect) in the mirror.
4.He doubted whether/if they would be able to help.
5.Tom as well as his parents is (be) going to Beijing next week.
6.His fear of meeting people is connected with his unhappy childhood.
7.In my class，some students like literature while others are fond of sports.
8.Located (locate)in New York Harbor, the 152-foot Statue of Liberty was a gift of international friendship from the people of France to the people of the United States.
Ⅲ.补全句子
1.Tony, you should reflect__on/upon__what__you__have__done during your English class.
托尼，你应该仔细考虑一下你英语课期间的所作所为。
2.There__is__no__doubt__that he is a reliable person.
毫无疑问，他是一个可信赖的人。
3.A man may usually be known by the books he reads as__well__as by the company he keeps.
通常可以通过一个人读的书还有他所交的朋友来了解他。
4.Some people waste food while__others__haven’t__enough.
有些人浪费食物，然而有些人没有足够的食物。
5.It sounds__as__if/though you are joking.
听起来好像你在开玩笑。
Ⅰ.阅读理解
Once there was a man who liked to eat mangoes.One day he decided to get the sweetest mango from the very top of the tree.Mangoes which are exposed to the sun the most are the sweetest.
So he climbed up to the top, where the branches were thin.He managed to pick up a few sweet reddish mangoes, but, in an attempt to climb down, he slipped and started falling towards the ground.Fortunately, he caught the branch as he was falling and remained helplessly hanging on the tree.Then he started to call nearby villagers for help.They immediately came with a ladder and sticks, but could do little to help him.
Then after some time one calm and thoughtful person arrived—a well-known sage (智者) who lived in a simple hut nearby.People were very curious to see what he would do, as he was famous in solving many people’s problems in the area and sometimes very complicated ones.
He was silent for a minute and then picked up a stone and threw it at the hanging man.
Everybody was surprised.The hanging mango lover started to shout, “What are you doing？！ Are you crazy Do you want me to break my neck？” The sage was silent.Then he took another stone and threw it at the man.The man was very angry, “If I could just come down, I would show you！”
That’s what everybody wanted.Then he was coming down.But how？Now everybody was tense about what would happen next！Some wanted to blame the sage, but they didn’t.The sage picked another stone and threw it again at the man, even more forcefully.Now the man on the tree was even more angry and developed a great determination to come down and take revenge (复仇).
He then used all his skill and strength and somehow reached the branches which were safe to start going down.And he made it！Everybody was amazed.
However, the rescued man found the sage gone.He stood there, realizing that the man really saved him because he induced (引诱) him to try his best and save himself.
“I should be thankful and not angry.”
【语篇解读】 本文是记叙文。主要讲述了一名智者巧妙解救一名男子的故事。
1.What happened after he had picked a few sweet reddish mangoes
A.He slipped and fell to the ground suddenly.
B.He was climbing down quickly but carefully.
C.He remained hanging helplessly on the tree.
D.He shouted loudly for help but no one helped.
答案 C [细节理解题。根据第二段内容中的“He managed to pick up a few sweet reddish mangoes...remained helplessly hanging on the tree.”可知答案。]
2.How did the man feel when the sage hit him with a stone
A.He was nervous. B.He kept silent.
C.He felt surprised. D.He was angry.
答案 D [细节理解题。根据第五段最后一句“The man was very angry”可知答案。]
3.What do you think caused the man to climb down
A.Courage. B.Revenge.
C.Carefulness. D.Assistance.
答案 B [推理判断题。根据第五、六段的内容可推知答案为B。]
4.What does the story imply
A.Anger saves one’s life.
B.Wisdom does count.
C.Skill and strength count.
D.Anger is the biggest enemy.
答案 B [主旨大意题。全文主要讲述了一名智者巧妙解救一名男子的故事。故B项切题。]
Ⅱ.七选五
How to Unlock Your Talent
Search
To find your hidden talent(才能)，you’ll have to search for it！We all know people who are great at drawing or good at sports，don’t we？They’re the lucky ones who have a natural talent for what they love doing.__1__ It’s just that we might have to look a little bit harder，that’s all!
Try
__2__ Developing a new talent takes time and lots of effort，so don’t worry if you haven’t discovered yours by the end of the day，the week or even the month.You will get your light-bulb(灵感) moment finally!
Ask
Ask for help to get you started.Do you have an aunt who can help you start a blog or a sporty mom who’ll get active with you？__3__ Sometimes we don’t need to look further than our own families to see what skills can be passed down to us!
__4__
Find out what excites you！The more enthusiastic(热情的) you are about a hobby，the more you’ll want to keep doing it.And，you’ve guessed it，the more you keep doing it，the better you’ll get!
New ideas
Be open to new ideas.There’s no point saying that you can’t write a book or take amazing photos if you’ve never really tried.__5__
A.Get excited
B.Don’t give up
C.It won’t happen overnight.
D.Is your grandma great at making cakes
E.Make today your day to try something new.
F.Have you ever doubted what you’re doing now
G.But that doesn’t mean we can’t all find something we’re good at.
答案 1.G 2.C 3.D 4.A 5.E
Ⅲ.完形填空
Smith, an old man, lived in the middle of town.One day he found his watch __1__ in his own store.It __2__ a lot to him because it was from his wife.After searching __3__ in the store for a long while, he __4__ to ask for help from a group of children playing outside the store.He __5__ them that the person who found it would be rewarded.__6__this, the children hurried inside the store, went through and around the __7__ store, but still could not find the watch.
Soon the old man felt hopeless and wanted to __8__.A little boy went up to him and asked for another __9__.The old man looked at him and thought, “Why not __10__， this kid looks sincere enough.” __11__ the old man sent him back in the store.After a while the boy __12__ with the watch in his hand！The old man was very __13__， and he asked the boy how he found it while the others had __14__.The boy replied, “I did nothing but sit on the ground and __15__.Then I heard the ticking(嘀嗒声) of the watch and just looked for it in that __16__.”
We usually do something in a hurry and don’t think about our own needs, which can’t bring peace into our mind.__17__， we need to think about ourselves and keep peaceful for a while, which can produce a __18__ result.So allow a few minutes of __19__ to your mind every day, and see how it helps you deal with your work and make __20__ as you expect to!
【语篇解读】 一位老人发现妻子送给他的手表不见了，自己没有找到，就让一群孩子帮助寻找。在他打算放弃时，一个男孩成功地找到了丢失的手表。
1.A.broken B.lost
C.hidden D.put
答案 B [根据下文中的“After searching ________ in the store for a long while”可知，此处指“一天他发现他的手表在自己的店里丢了”。lose丢失。故选B。]
2.A.meant B.learned
C.performed D.bargained
答案 A [它对他很重要，因为它是他的妻子送给他的。mean意味着。故选A。]
3.A.young and old B.heavy and light
C.black and white D.up and down
答案 D [在这个店里来来回回找了好长时间之后。up and down来来回回。故选D。]
4.A.forgot B.agreed
C.decided D.pretended
答案 C [他决定向正在商店外面玩耍的一群孩子求助。decide决定。故选C。]
5.A.promised B.taught
C.worried D.warned
答案 A [他向他们保证，找到它的人会得到奖励。promise承诺。故选A。]
6.A.Seeing B.Hearing
C.Wearing D.Feeling
答案 B [听到这，孩子们急忙去店里面。hear听到。故选B。]
7.A.strange B.dusty
C.busy D.whole
答案 D [根据语境可知，此处指“孩子们找遍了整个商店”。 whole整个的。故选D。]
8.A.calm down B.set off
C.give up D.show off
答案 C [很快，老人感到绝望了，想放弃。give up放弃。故选C。]
9.A.chance B.reason
C.reward D.date
答案 A [一个小男孩走到他面前，要求再给他一次机会。chance机会。故选A。]
10.A.So far B.After all
C.At first D.In short
答案 B [毕竟，这孩子看起来够诚恳的了。after all毕竟。故选B。]
11.A.But B.Or
C.And D.So
答案 D [于是，老人又让他进了店里。故选D。]
12.A.ran away B.fell down
C.came out D.went back
答案 C [一会儿，男孩手里拿着那块手表出来了。come out出来。故选C。]
13.A.amazed B.proud
C.nervous D.angry
答案 A [老人非常吃惊，他问那个男孩怎么找到的。amazed吃惊的。故选A。]
14.A.finished B.failed
C.regretted D.doubted
答案 B [根据语境可知，此处指“而其他人失败了”。 fail失败。故选B。]
15.A.played B.waited
C.watched D.listened
答案 D [我什么也没做，只是坐在地上听。listen听。故选D。]
16.A.room B.situation
C.direction D.darkness
答案 C [然后我听到手表的滴答声，只朝那个方向寻找。direction方向。故选C。]
17.A.Instead B.Possibly
C.Besides D.Luckily
答案 A [相反，我们需要思考自己，保持一段时间的平静。instead相反。故选A。]
18.A.clear B.straight
C.good D.natural
答案 C [这能产生一个好的结果。故选C。]
19.A.exercise B.silence
C.pleasure D.conversation
答案 B [所以每天允许你的思想沉默几分钟。silence沉默。故选B。]
20.A.noise B.sense
C.mistake D.progress
答案 D [看看它如何帮助你处理你的工作，并取得正如你所期望的进步的。progress进步。故选D。]
Ⅳ.语法填空
A friendly dolphin(海豚) has saved a teenage boy from drowning.Non-swimmer Davide Ceci，1.________ was 14，was within minutes of death when dolphin Filippo came to his rescue.
The friendly creature has been a popular tourist 2.________(attract) off Manfredonia in southeast Italy for two years.But now he is a local hero after 3.________(save) Davide when he fell from his father’s boat.
While Emanuele Ceci still didn’t know his son had fallen into the waves，Filippo was pushing him up out of the water to safety.Davide said，“When I 4.________(realise) it was Filippo pushing me，I held onto him.”The dolphin bore down on the boat and got close enough for Davide’s father 5.________(catch) his frightened son.
Davide’s mother Signora Ceci said，“It is a hero.Generally，it seems 6.________(possible) that an animal could have done something like that，to save a human life.It is unbelievable.”
Filippo has lived in the waters off Manfredonia since he became separated 7.________ a visiting school of dolphins.Maritime researcher Dr Giovanna Barbieri said，“Filippo seems not to have the 8.________(slight) fear of humans.I’m not 9.________(surprise) he should have done such 10.________ wonderful thing as to save a human.”
【语篇解读】 本文主要讲述了一只海豚救了一位溺水的男孩的故事。
1.who [设空处引导非限制性定语从句，补充说明Davide Ceci，且在从句中作主语，故填who。]
2.attraction [设空处在此作表语，表示“有吸引力的事物”，且由前面的a可知，应填名词attraction。]
3.saving [设空处作介词after的宾语，且he与save之间是逻辑上的主谓关系，故填saving。]
4.realised [由主句的时态可知，设空处所表示的动作发生在过去，故填realised。]
5.to catch [由语境可知，海豚靠近船是为了让Davide的父亲能够到他，故填to catch。]
6.impossible [由语境及后面的It is unbelievable可知，一般来说，动物似乎不太可能会救助人类，故填impossible(不可能的)。]
7.from [separate...from...意为“把……和……分开”，故填from。]
8.slightest [由设空处前面的the可知，应用形容词最高级，故填slightest。]
9.surprised [设空处在此作表语，意为“吃惊的”，故填surprised。]
10.a [thing为可数名词且在此表泛指，故填a。“such＋a(n)＋形容词＋可数名词单数形式”意为“这样的一个……”。]Part Ⅳ Listening——热点突破之语言学习
【话题范围】
语言学习主要包括语言学习内容、学习时间、学习地点、学习者的态度和体态语的含义等。
【听力场景】 学校、家等。
【备考策略】
1.熟知语言学习话题相关词汇和常见谈论方式；
2.通过快速浏览题干和选项把握语言学习话题，提取平时积累的语言背景文化知识进行听前预测；
3.培养对语言学习场景的推理能力，体会背景文化习俗的不同，以助于材料的整体理解。
【话题词汇】
language 语言 pronounce 发音translate 翻译 vocabulary 词汇dictionary 词典 native 本地的fluent 流利的 spoken language 口语written language 书面语 body language 体态语gesture 手势 eye contact 目光接触English Corner 英语角 study for a test 准备考试facial expressions 面部表情 turn to... 翻到……pick up 偶然习得 look up 查阅have an advantage over 比……有优势learn...by heart 用心学……form the habit of reading 养成阅读的习惯cultural background 文化背景cross-cultural communication 跨文化交流have a good command of 精通enrich one’s vocabulary 丰富某人的词汇量
【话题句式】
1.专业：My major is Chinese.我的专业是中文。
2.评价：You speak English like a native speaker.
你就像本地人那样讲英语。
3.建议：You should make good use of your time to study English.
你应该好好利用时间学英语。
It is important to develop the habit of reading.
养成阅读的习惯是很重要的。
4.语言：English is one of the most widely used languages of the world.
英语是世界上使用最广泛的语言之一。
5.学习：Kathy picked up a lot of Spanish by playing with native boys and girls.
凯西在和西班牙土生土长的孩子们一起玩耍时，学到了一些西班牙语。
6.体态语：Body language is widely used in our daily life.
肢体语言在日常生活中被广泛应用。Part Ⅴ Writing——概要写作
概要写作是在正确理解文章的基础上，在不改变原文中心思想、体裁和结构的前提下，用简明、精练的语句高度浓缩文章的主要内容和观点。
在写概要时，要按照“六步法”的程序进行，具体操作方法如下：
1.Scan the passage—览全文，定体裁。
2.Underline the main points—划要点
3.Miss the details—省细节
4.Analyse the structure—析结构
5.Restate the points—换表达
6.Yoke the sentences to a passage—连全文
【增分佳句】
1.议论文可用以下开头语：
(1)The passage/author argues that...本文/作者主张……
(2)The passage/author highlights the importance of...本文/作者强调了……的重要性。
(3)The passage/author discusses the impact of...本文/作者讨论了……的影响。
(4)The passage/author compares...with...本文/作者比较了……与……
2.说明文可用以下开头语：
(1)According to the passage，we can know...根据文章我们可知……
(2)This passage/article is mainly about...这篇文章主要是关于……
(3)In the passage，the writer/author mainly tells us...在这篇文章中作者主要告诉我们……
(4)A new study found...一个新的研究发现……
(5)The purpose of the report is to show...这一报告的目的是表明……
3.记叙文可用以下开头语：
(1)The passage/story is mainly about...本文/这个故事主要是关于……
(2)The author tells us a story about...作者告诉我们一个关于……的故事
(3)The passage is a story about...本文是一个关于……的故事
(4)According to the passage，we know...根据短文，我们知道……
The familiar yellow school bus is the largest system of mass transportation in the US and every school day transports roughly 25 million young people to school and home again after the school day ends.Meanwhile, they are the safest method for getting kids to and from school, according to the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA).Children are 70 times more likely to arrive at school safely on the school bus than if they had traveled to school driving themselves or riding with friends.
These school buses meet more of the nation’s motor vehicle safety standards than any other vehicles on the road.Also, several new technologies available today are making school buses even safer, such as video cameras on the inside and outside, stop arm cameras, GPS tracking and collision lessening systems.Another safety tool on school buses is high seat backs, closely-spaced seats and energy-absorbing seating.
But even the safeness of school buses would not completely sum up why children are safer when riding the big, yellow bus.The bus is only as safe as the professional men and women who drive them.All drivers must obtain a Class B or C Commercial Driver’s License(CDL).They are randomly tested for alcohol and drugs, usually have their driving record checked, and are given the same review for criminal history as teachers and other employees who have contact with students.In order to serve as a school bus driver, most applicants are required to successfully complete a training course, along with instruction in the classroom and behind the wheel.
School buses are safe for the environment, not only because each bus replaces 36-passenger cars that would, but for the buses, be on the road taking and picking up school children.Additionally, school buses use alternative green fuels like natural gas, and electric power.
Todd Monteferrario, President of the National School Transportation Association, said parents should remember that the safest and smartest choice is to put their children on the big yellow bus when they can.
【写作指导】
文章体裁 议论文
话题 It is the safest way for kids to and from school by the yellow school bus.
结构 总—分—总
要点 可能用到的词汇和句型
校车满足了较高的车辆安全标准且技术配备先进。 not only...but also...，meet，equip
公共汽车司机必须通过严格的资格考试和安全驾驶培训。 pass, qualification, training
校车以绿色燃料为动力，减少了私家车上路，因此很环保。 power, reduce, hit the roads, environmentally
【参考范文】
The school bus is the safest and wisest choice to school in the US for the following reasons.Firstly, school buses not only meet high vehicle safety standards but also are technologically equipped.(要点1)Secondly, the bus drivers have to pass strict qualification tests and safety driving trainings.(要点2)Thirdly, school buses, powered by green fuels, are environmentally safe by reducing the number of private cars hitting the roads.(要点3)Therefore, children are encouraged to go to school by school bus.
