2023届高三英语复习：解读“介词 关系词”引导定语从句中的介词 课件（35张）

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解读“介词+关系词”引导定语从句中的介词
Andy
高考英语语法考点精讲
一、介词与从句的先行词是习惯搭配
二、介词与从句的谓语动词是习惯搭配
三、介词与从句中做表语的形容词是习惯搭配
四、“数词/名词+of which/whom”引导定语从句
五、“介词+whose/which+名词” 引导的定语从句
六、“复杂介词短语+which/whom”引导的定语从句
七、“介词 + where/when”引导的定语从句
八、根据句意决定选用何种介词
从以下八个方面进行了解读“介词 + 关系词” 引导定语从句
一、介词与从句的先行词是习惯搭配
一、介词与从句的先行词是习惯搭配
考点解读与答题技巧：
当定从的先行词为时间或地点名词（该名词在主句中可充当主语、宾语、补足语、表语或者同位语等）时，应根据定语从句所修饰的名词前习惯搭配的介词来确定关系代词前所选的介词，此时的“介词 + which”代替when/where在从句中做地点或时间状语，该定语从句可以是限制性定从或非限制性定从。最常见的表示时间的介词有：in, at, on, during, since, by, before, after, until等。
一、介词与从句的先行词是习惯搭配
语法填空：
1. This is the house which I lived two years ago.
2. Do you remember the day which you
joined our club 　
in
on
二、介词与从句的谓语动词是习惯搭配
考点解读与答题技巧：
当定语从句的谓语是动词短语（动词+介词），且先行词在从句中做介词宾语时，该介词可以移到关系代词之前，构成“介词+which /whom”引导的定语从句；但在有些动词短语中，由于动词和介词的关系比较紧密，不能将介词与动词拆开，故不能将介词提到关系代词之前。常见的这类短语动词有 listen to / look at / depend on / take care of / look into / break into / get rid of / look forward to等。
二、介词与从句的谓语动词是习惯搭配
语法填空：
1. Who is the man whom our teacher is shaking hands？
2. Gun control is a subject which Americans have argued for a long time. 　
with
about
二、介词与从句的谓语动词是习惯搭配
三、介词与从句中做表语的形容词是习惯搭配
考点解读与答题技巧：
当定语从句的谓语部分是系表结构，即“be+形容词+介词”构成，且先行词在从句中属该介词的宾语时，该介词可以提到关系代词之前，则构成“介词+which/whom”引导定语从句。
三、介词与从句中做表语的形容词是习惯搭配
语法填空：
1. Volleyball is a sport which I am very
fond.
2. The woman whom Spielberg is married
is an actress.　
of
to
三、介词与从句中做表语的形容词是习惯搭配
四、“数词/名词+of which/whom”引导定从
考点解读与答题技巧：
（一）当定语从句的引导词与先行词之间构成所有关系时，由“the+名词+of+which/whom”引导定语从句（相当于“whose+名词”）,在定语从句中做主语，宾语或表语，同时“of+ which/whom”在从句中做定语，表示所属关系。
四、“数词/名词+of which/whom”引导定从
语法填空：
1.We took a photo of a rocket，the length _______which was about 30 meters.
2.Recently I bought an ancient Chinese vase, the price which was very reasonable.
of
四、“数词/名词+of which/whom”引导定从
of
考点解读与答题技巧：
（二） 当定语从句的引导词与先行词之间构成整体与部分关系时，由“数词/部分的词语+of + which /whom”引导从句，且“数词/部分的词语+of + which /whom”常在从句中担任主语；“the+名词+of+which/whom”引导的定语从句,相当于“whose+名词”引导的定语从句,在定语从句中做主语，宾语或表语，“of+ which/whom”在从句中做定语，表示所属关系。
四、“数词/名词+of which/whom”引导定从
语法填空：
1. The journey around the world took the old sailor nine months,_____ which the sailing time was 226 days．
2. I was told that there were about 50 foreign students studying Chinese in the school, most_____ whom were from Germany.
of
四、“数词/名词+of which/whom”引导定从
of
五、“介词+whose/which+名词” 引导的定从
考点解读与答题技巧：
当先行词与从句中的某个名词构成有所属关系，且该所属结构在从句中做介词宾语时，即构成“介词＋whose＋名词”引导定语从句；“介词+which+名词”结构是代替一些特殊的形式中的that；选用哪个介词要观察先行词与定语从句中的谓语之间的具体含义以及谓语动词常与哪个介词习惯搭配。
五、“介词+whose/which+名词” 引导的定从
语法填空：
1. Last month, part of Southeast Asia was struck by floods, _____ whose effects people are still suffering.
2. Mark was a student at this university from 1999 to 2003, ________which time he studied very hard and was made Chairman of the Students' Union.
from
during
五、“介词+whose/which+名词” 引导的定从
六、“复杂介词短语+which/whom”引导的定从
考点解读与答题技巧：
当先行词是复杂介词短语如on the top of /in the middle of /in return for/in addition to/at the back of/in regard to等的介词宾语时，从句由“on the top of /in the middle of---+which”引导。复杂介词短语须保持其完整形式，故应根据具体介词短语确定何种介词。
六、“复杂介词短语+which/whom”引导的定从
语法填空：
1.He helped me when I was in trouble then，in return_____ which I gave him some money.
2. They marched through the square，in the middle_____ which stood a monument．
for
of
六、“复杂介词短语+which/whom”引导的定从
七、“介词 + where/when”引导的定语从句
考点解读与答题技巧：
当先行词是主句中做地点或时间状语的介词短语中的介词宾语时，定语从句的引导词要使用“介词 + where/when” 相当于“介词 + which place/time”。where意指that place或者 there；when指that time或then。此时，定语从句为非限制性定语从句。介词的选用，同样要符合定语从句的搭配需要和含义需要。
七、“介词 + where/when”引导的定语从句
语法填空：
1. His head soon appeared out of the window, _____ where he saw nothing but trees.
2. The book was written in 1946,_____ when the education system has witnessed great changes.
from
since
七、“介词 + where/when”引导的定语从句
八、根据句意决定选用何种介词
考点解读与答题技巧：
有时关系代词前用什么介词，要根据主从句句意来决定, 此时不但要注意其前的搭配，也要注意其后的搭配。
八、根据句意决定选用何种介词
语法填空：
1. He was educated at the local high school, ______which he went on to Beijing University.
2. Villagers here depend on the fishing industry.________which there won't be much work.
after
without
八、根据句意决定选用何种介词
跟踪训练
语法填空：
1.He was educated at a local grammar school, ______
he went on to Cambridge.
2. Many people who had seen the film were afraid to
go to the forest when they remembered the scenes
______ people were eaten by the tiger.
3 The schools themselves admit that not all children
will be successful in the jobs ______ they are being
trained.
4.I have many friends , ______some are businessmen .
跟踪训练
语法填空：
5.Is this the house______Shakespeare was born
6.In the dark street, there wasn't a single
person______she could turn for help.
　
7.The gentleman _______ you told me yesterday
proved to be a thief.
8.Alec asked the policeman _____he worked to contact
whenever there was an accident.
跟踪训练
语法填空：
9.The English play ______my students acted at the
New Year's party was a great success.
10. American women usually identify their best friend
as someone _______they can talk frequently.
11.The journey around the world took the old sailor
nine months, _____ the sailing time was 226 days.
12.The factory produces half a million pairs of shoes
every year , 80%______are sold abroad .
跟踪训练
语法填空：
13.The place _______ the bridge is supposed to be
built should be________the cross-river traffic is the
heaviest.
14.Frank's dream was to have his own shop ____ to
produce the workings of his own hands.
15.We saw several natives advancing towards our
party, and one of them came up to us______we gave
some bells and glasses.
16.I was given three books on cooking, the first _____
I really enjoyed.
跟踪训练
语法填空：
17.I saw a woman running toward me in the dark.
Before I could recognize who she was，she had run
back in the direction______she had come.
18.I was told that there were about 50 foreign students
Chinese in the school, most__ __were from Germany.
19.He was educated at the local high school, ______
he went on to Beijing University.
20.Human facial expressions differ from those of
animals in the degree ____they can be controlled on
purpose.
跟踪训练
Thank you very much !