八年级下Module 4 Seeing the doctor Unit 3 Language in use 课件（23张PPT）

(共23张PPT)
现在完成时的标志：
for+时间点
since+时间段
Module 4
Unit 3
Language in use
Present perfect (3)
Focus on
用法
for 和 since 在现在完成时中的用法
Lily has learned English for five years.
Lily has learned English since five years ago.
present
future
past
learned English
要表达某一行为或状态从过去某时间一直持续到现在，可以使用现在完成时。现在完成时通常要与表示一段时间的时间状语连用，这类状语通常由for和since引导。
five years ago
如何区分段时间和点时间呢？
试着说说哪些是点时间，哪些是段时间：
5:30
five years
three minutes
2015
May 5
two months
点时间
点时间
段时间
点时间
段时间
段时间
点时间指的是具体的时间，比如1点、4月7日、2018年5月；段时间指的是一段时间内，比如说一点到三点，中间这两个小时就是一段时间。
1. How long have you played football
你踢足球踢了多长时间了？
2. How long have you been like this
你这个样子有多久了？
3. How long have you had the dog
这条狗你养了多久了？
在对现在完成时的时间状语进行提问时，我们常用how long。
观察句中动词，你能发现什么？
这些动词都是延续性动词。
★ 延续性动词表示能持续一段时间的动作或表示状态的词，如work，stay，live，learn等。
★ 非延续性动词表示短暂的动作，从开始到结束，几乎同时或在极短的时间里就完成，如come，go，leave，start，begin，become，receive，die等。
1. 延续性动词与非延续性动词的定义
延续性动词与非延续性动词
① 用相应的延续性动词替换句中的非延续性动词，如：
borrow → kept
buy → had
become/ come/ go → be
put on → wear
非延续性动词转换为表持续的动词或者表状态的短语后即可在现在完成时中与表示一段时间的状语连用。
2. 延续性动词与非延续性动词的转换
② 将非延续性动词转换为be+ 介词短语，如：
begin/ start → be on
finish → be over
go to school → be in school
join → be in +组织机构
③ 将非延续性动词转换为be+名词，如：
join the army → be a soldier
go to school → be a student
④ 用be+ adj./adv. 结构替换非延续性动词，如：
close/ open → be closed/open
come/ go back/ return → be back
come here → be here
fall asleep → be asleep
finish/ end → be over
marry → be married
die → be dead
现在完成时 相同点 不同点
for 1. 肯定句中与延续性动词连用 2.否定句中动词既可以用延续性动词，也可以用非延续性动词 for + 段时间
since
点时间
since + 段时间+ago
从句(过去时)
Tip 1: 在现在完成时的句子中，表示持续的动作或状态时，动词通常与表示时间段的时间状语连用；而表示已经完成时，动词不能与表示时间段的时间状语连用。
1. Tom has been here for two hours.
汤姆已经来了两小时了。(从来到现在已经两小时)
2. Tom has just come.
汤姆刚到。(到的动作已经完成)
Tip 2: 除表示经历、持续至今的行为或状态外，现在完成时还表示到目前为止量的累积。
1. I have learnt twenty English songs.
我已经学会了20首英文歌曲。
2. I have collected 300 stamps.
我已经收集了300枚邮票。
Work in pairs. Ask and answer the questions.
- How long have you had your bike
- I've had it for about two years.
1. How long have you studied at this school
2. How long have you studied English
3. How long have you known your best
friend
4. How long have you lived in this place
5. How long have you used this book
P30
1
Complete the questionnaire about healthy living. Use since or for where necessary.
Healthy Living Questionnaire
1. What kind of exercise do you do
________________________________
2. How long have you done this kind of exercise
_______________________________
_______________________________
I walk to school and I play football.
I have walked to school since I was six and I have played football for three years.
P30
2
3. Do you play in a school sports team
_________________________________
4. If yes, how long have you played in the
team
_________________________________
_____________________________
5. Do you have a healthy diet
_________________________________
6. If yes, when did you start having a healthy diet
______________________________
__________________________
Yes, I do.
I have played in the school football team for a year.
I have had a healthy diet for years since I was little.
Yes, I do.
1. - I fell ill two days ago.
- So you've ______ ill for two days
- That's right.
2. - I saw the doctor three days ago.
- So you haven't _______ her in the last
three days
3. - I'll walk to school for the first time
tomorrow.
- So you've never _______ to school
before
4. - I came into hospital two days ago.
- So you've already _____ in hospital for
two days
5. - How long _____ you _____ a headache
- Oh, it began about two hours ago.
been
seen
Complete the sentences.
walked
been
have
had
P31
3
For a long time John did not feel (1) _________. He often had (2) _________ and colds. He went to see a doctor. The doctor told him to take more (3) _________ and stop eating (4) __________. So he started riding a bike to school. At first, he felt tired and (5) _________. Then he got fitter and started enjoying it. Since he started riding a bike, he has not had a(n) (6) _________ and he has not had a(n) (7) ____________ since he stopped eating fast food.
exercise
fast food
weak
cold
stomach ache
well
coughs
cold coughs exercise fast food stomach ache weak well
Complete the passage with the words and expressions in the box.
P31
4
That's it.
What's wrong with me
Can I help you How long have you been like this
That's it. What's wrong with me
Can I help you
How long have you been like this
Complete the conversation with the sentences in the box.
Now work in pairs. Read out the conversation.
P31
5
Read the passage and match the problems with the advice.
1
2
3
Work in pairs. Do you have similar problems Talk about your advice.
P32
6
Listen and complete the passage.
The man feels (1) _____. He is hot and
(2) ________. He has been like this for about (3) __________. He has got a temperature and a (4) ________ but has not got a (5) _____________ or a cough. The doctor suggests he should (6) _______________ and take the medicine
(7) ___________ a day. And he should (8) _________ until he feels better.
awful
very tired
three days
headache
drink more water
three times
stay in bed
stomach ache
P33
7
1. Work in groups. Do a survey to find what exercise your group members do and the effects.
What exercise do you often do
When did you begin doing it
How often do you do it
Is it good for you
How do you feel after you do the exercise
P33
8
Doing a survey to find the most suitable exercise
Module task:
2. Decide what exercise is the most suitable for you.
3. Talk about your decision and your reasons with the rest of the class.
1. Review the grammar we've learnt today.
2. Finish the exercises in 《教与学》《优加》.
3. Preview the new words and
expressions in Module 5.