高中语法之定语从句课件（24张PPT）
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| 名称 | 高中语法之定语从句课件（24张PPT） |  | |
| 格式 | pptx | ||
| 文件大小 | 762.9KB | ||
| 资源类型 | 教案 | ||
| 版本资源 | 通用版 | ||
| 科目 | 英语 | ||
| 更新时间 | 2022-08-07 12:23:15 | ||
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文档简介
(共24张PPT)
定语从句
语法复习
(The Attributive Clause)
之
1
2
3
4
目 录
CONTENTS
定语从句概念
定语从句考点
定语从句作用
定语从句应用
延迟符
1
定语从句概念
什么是定语从句：
什么是先行词：
被定语从句所修饰的名词或代词（在非限制性定语从句 中也可指整个主句 ）。
在复合句中，修饰名词或代词的从句。
定语从句种类：
限制性定语从句
非限制性定语从句
关系词
关系
代词
关系
副词
that/who/whom
that/which
whose
when
where
why
人（主/宾）
物（主/宾）
人/物：……的（定）
= 介词+which
常用关系词：
(状语)
连接作用，连接主从句；
指代先行词，甚至整个主句；
在从句中充当句子成分。
关系词的作用：
Li Lanjuan is a famous expert who is working against the novel coronavirus at the front line.
主语
2
定语从句考点
关系代词 that 、which、 whose的用法比较；
关系代词和关系副词的用法比较；
介词加关系代词引导的定语从句。
①当先行词是不定代词（如， all, a lot, (a) little, (a) few, much, none, anything, something, everything, nothing 等）时；
Eg. Some elderly women donated all that they had to Wuhan.
②当先行词被不定代词（如，all, any, no, much, little, few, every 等）所修饰时；
Eg. There is no other country that has the power to lock down such a large city as Wuhan.
③当先行词是形容词最高级或被形容词最高级所修饰时；
Eg. COVID-19 is the most contagious disease that
has claimed thousands of lives.
下列情况中，只能用 that，不用 which
④当先行词是序数词或被序数词所修饰时；
Eg. Zhejiang is the first province that activated LevelⅠpublic health emergency response to COVID-19.
⑤当先行词被 the very, the only, the next, the last等所修饰时;
This is the last mask that I have.
⑥当先行词为指人和指物的两个并列名词词组时；
Eg. The medical supplies and workers that were sent to Wuhan have made a big difference to the patients there.
⑦当主句是以 which 开头的特殊疑问句时。
Eg. Which is the country that you like best
下列情况中，只能用 that，不用 which
下列情况中，只能用 which，不用that
①关系代词前有介词；
The outbreak of the COVID-19 is a special crisis from which we are supposed to learn a lesson that man should live in harmony with nature.
②在非限制性定语从句中。
Wuhan, capital of Hubei province, is the worst-hit city by the epidemic, which is under tremendous strain.
几点补充
②如果 the way 在定语从句中作状语，其中的关系词有三种不同的表达方式：
a. the way + in which
b. the way + that
c. the way + /
①先行词是those，指人，关系代词用who；
The WHO commends the way (that/in which) Chinese government fights against the epidemic.
②“whose +名词中心词”这一结构在定语从句中既能作主语，又能作宾语。
关于whose(……的)
①关系词whose实际上是先行词的所有格(…的)；
③Whose… 人=the …of whom/of whom the…
物= the …of which/of which the…
Volunteers offer help to the elderly man whose family are quarantined. Volunteers offer help to the elderly man the family of whom are quarantined.
Voluntary donations are flooded into Wuhan whose people are suffering most. Voluntary donations are flooded into Wuhan the people of which are suffering most.
①关系副词在意义上都相当于介词 + which结构：
when = on (in, at, during…) + which;
where = in (at, on…) + which;
why = for which.
关系代词和关系副词的用法比较
②使用关系代词还是关系副词，一定要注意分析从句的结构。如果缺少主语或宾语，用关系代词；如果缺少时间状语、地点状语、原因状语，则分别用when, where, why。
I’ll never forget the days when we’re faced with the coronavirus.
I’ll never forget the days which/that we spent together at home.
3
定语从句作用
借助定语从句，完善所要表达的内容；
借助定语从句，体现表达的多样性、丰富性；
借助定语从句，实现句子结构紧凑，前后衔接一致。
I wish all of you a speedy recovery.
I wish all of you who are unwell a speedy recovery.
4
定语从句应用
教材中的应用
高考中的应用
时文中的应用
定语从句在高考阅读中（2020新高考4）
Judges will choose up to 50 honorable mention winners, who will each receive a T-shirt in memory of Earhart’s final flight.(A: 50 Honorable Mentions)
She decided to go back to college to advance her career and to be able to better support her family while doing something she loves: nursing.(B:P3 L2)
Hence this book ,Chasing the Sea: Lost Among the Ghosts of Empire in Central Asia, which talks about a road trip from Tashkent to Karakalpakstan, where millions of lives have been destroyed by the slow drying up of the sea.(B)
定语从句在高考阅读中（2020新高考4）
4.And contrary to existing research that says you should avoid eating with heavier people who order large option, it’s the beanpoles with big appetites you really need to avoid.(D)
5.But in half the cases she wore a specially designed fat suit which increased her weight to 180 pounds.(D)
历年考题（2016.10——2020.1）
年份 2016.10 2017.6 2017.11 2018.6 2018.11 2019.6 2020.1
题号 / 64 57 57 / 58 /
高考中的应用
(2017.6) Pahlsson and her husband now think the ring probably got 63 (sweep) into a pile of kitchen rubbish and was spread over the garden, 64 it remained until the carrot’s leafy top accidentally sprouted (生长) through it.
(2017.11) It’s not all that hard to build an advanced and large vocabulary. Like many things in life, it’s 56 ongoing process, and the best part of the process is that there’s enough room for improvement, 57 means you’ll just keep getting better and better.
swept
where
an
which
(2018.6) Many westerners 57 come to China cook much less than in their own countries once they realize how cheap 58 can be to eat out.
(2019.6) On the edge of the jacket, there is a piece of cloth 58 gives off light in the dark.
who/that
it
which/that
写作中的应用（2020.1浙江续写）
Hearing the footsteps, Poppy leaped up and rushed to the boy, who crouched to hug his old friend and kissed her.
The fluffy little dog jumped out of the box, waged his tail furiously, and then reached out his front paws to hug Poppy, who started to bark full of excitement. It wasn’t long before the two dogs chased each other in the house, happy barks lingering around, which made the parents beam proudly.
时文阅读
In December 2019, there was a cluster of pneumonia(肺炎) cases in China, which were caused by a previously unknown virus named novel coronavirus(冠状病毒).
Coronaviruses are a large group of viruses. They have the appearance of a crown, which is called corona in Latin. That’s how these viruses get their name. There are some types of coronaviruses that can cause severe diseases, including SARS in China in 2003 and MERS(中东呼吸综合症) in Saudi Arabia(沙特阿拉伯) in 2012.
牛刀小试之语法填空
Compared with SARS, the 2019-nCov is more contagious(传染性的). The incubation period(潜伏期) is around 14 days, during __1__ the virus is transmissible. So how to keep yourself safe __2__ it Zhong Nanshan, __3__ 83-year-old doctor, __4__ is the head of a high-level expert team organized by the National Health Commission(国家卫健委), supplied practical __5__(tip).
First of all, it is important to wear masks when outside and wash hands frequently and __6__(proper). Make sure that animal products __7__(cook) thoroughly before they are consumed. Most importantly, avoid close contact with those __8__ have flu symptoms. He also urged people__9__(stay) put during the Spring Festival holiday. But if you're ___10___(feel) unwell, seek prompt medical care as early as possible.
牛刀小试之语法填空
Compared with SARS, the 2019-nCov is more contagious(传染性的). The incubation period(潜伏期) is around 14 days, during __1__ the virus is transmissible. So how to keep yourself safe __2__ it Zhong Nanshan, __3__ 83-year-old doctor, __4__ is the head of a high-level expert team organized by the National Health Commission, supplied practical __5__(tip).
First of all, it is important to wear masks when outside and wash hands frequently and __6__(proper). Make sure that animal products __7__(cook) thoroughly before they are consumed. Most importantly, avoid close contact with those __8__ have flu symptoms. He also urged people__9__(stay) put during the Spring Festival holiday. But if you're ___10___(feel) unwell, seek prompt medical care as early as possible.
which
an
who
from
tips
properly
are cooked
who
to stay
feeling
定语从句
语法复习
(The Attributive Clause)
之
1
2
3
4
目 录
CONTENTS
定语从句概念
定语从句考点
定语从句作用
定语从句应用
延迟符
1
定语从句概念
什么是定语从句：
什么是先行词：
被定语从句所修饰的名词或代词（在非限制性定语从句 中也可指整个主句 ）。
在复合句中，修饰名词或代词的从句。
定语从句种类：
限制性定语从句
非限制性定语从句
关系词
关系
代词
关系
副词
that/who/whom
that/which
whose
when
where
why
人（主/宾）
物（主/宾）
人/物：……的（定）
= 介词+which
常用关系词：
(状语)
连接作用，连接主从句；
指代先行词，甚至整个主句；
在从句中充当句子成分。
关系词的作用：
Li Lanjuan is a famous expert who is working against the novel coronavirus at the front line.
主语
2
定语从句考点
关系代词 that 、which、 whose的用法比较；
关系代词和关系副词的用法比较；
介词加关系代词引导的定语从句。
①当先行词是不定代词（如， all, a lot, (a) little, (a) few, much, none, anything, something, everything, nothing 等）时；
Eg. Some elderly women donated all that they had to Wuhan.
②当先行词被不定代词（如，all, any, no, much, little, few, every 等）所修饰时；
Eg. There is no other country that has the power to lock down such a large city as Wuhan.
③当先行词是形容词最高级或被形容词最高级所修饰时；
Eg. COVID-19 is the most contagious disease that
has claimed thousands of lives.
下列情况中，只能用 that，不用 which
④当先行词是序数词或被序数词所修饰时；
Eg. Zhejiang is the first province that activated LevelⅠpublic health emergency response to COVID-19.
⑤当先行词被 the very, the only, the next, the last等所修饰时;
This is the last mask that I have.
⑥当先行词为指人和指物的两个并列名词词组时；
Eg. The medical supplies and workers that were sent to Wuhan have made a big difference to the patients there.
⑦当主句是以 which 开头的特殊疑问句时。
Eg. Which is the country that you like best
下列情况中，只能用 that，不用 which
下列情况中，只能用 which，不用that
①关系代词前有介词；
The outbreak of the COVID-19 is a special crisis from which we are supposed to learn a lesson that man should live in harmony with nature.
②在非限制性定语从句中。
Wuhan, capital of Hubei province, is the worst-hit city by the epidemic, which is under tremendous strain.
几点补充
②如果 the way 在定语从句中作状语，其中的关系词有三种不同的表达方式：
a. the way + in which
b. the way + that
c. the way + /
①先行词是those，指人，关系代词用who；
The WHO commends the way (that/in which) Chinese government fights against the epidemic.
②“whose +名词中心词”这一结构在定语从句中既能作主语，又能作宾语。
关于whose(……的)
①关系词whose实际上是先行词的所有格(…的)；
③Whose… 人=the …of whom/of whom the…
物= the …of which/of which the…
Volunteers offer help to the elderly man whose family are quarantined. Volunteers offer help to the elderly man the family of whom are quarantined.
Voluntary donations are flooded into Wuhan whose people are suffering most. Voluntary donations are flooded into Wuhan the people of which are suffering most.
①关系副词在意义上都相当于介词 + which结构：
when = on (in, at, during…) + which;
where = in (at, on…) + which;
why = for which.
关系代词和关系副词的用法比较
②使用关系代词还是关系副词，一定要注意分析从句的结构。如果缺少主语或宾语，用关系代词；如果缺少时间状语、地点状语、原因状语，则分别用when, where, why。
I’ll never forget the days when we’re faced with the coronavirus.
I’ll never forget the days which/that we spent together at home.
3
定语从句作用
借助定语从句，完善所要表达的内容；
借助定语从句，体现表达的多样性、丰富性；
借助定语从句，实现句子结构紧凑，前后衔接一致。
I wish all of you a speedy recovery.
I wish all of you who are unwell a speedy recovery.
4
定语从句应用
教材中的应用
高考中的应用
时文中的应用
定语从句在高考阅读中（2020新高考4）
Judges will choose up to 50 honorable mention winners, who will each receive a T-shirt in memory of Earhart’s final flight.(A: 50 Honorable Mentions)
She decided to go back to college to advance her career and to be able to better support her family while doing something she loves: nursing.(B:P3 L2)
Hence this book ,Chasing the Sea: Lost Among the Ghosts of Empire in Central Asia, which talks about a road trip from Tashkent to Karakalpakstan, where millions of lives have been destroyed by the slow drying up of the sea.(B)
定语从句在高考阅读中（2020新高考4）
4.And contrary to existing research that says you should avoid eating with heavier people who order large option, it’s the beanpoles with big appetites you really need to avoid.(D)
5.But in half the cases she wore a specially designed fat suit which increased her weight to 180 pounds.(D)
历年考题（2016.10——2020.1）
年份 2016.10 2017.6 2017.11 2018.6 2018.11 2019.6 2020.1
题号 / 64 57 57 / 58 /
高考中的应用
(2017.6) Pahlsson and her husband now think the ring probably got 63 (sweep) into a pile of kitchen rubbish and was spread over the garden, 64 it remained until the carrot’s leafy top accidentally sprouted (生长) through it.
(2017.11) It’s not all that hard to build an advanced and large vocabulary. Like many things in life, it’s 56 ongoing process, and the best part of the process is that there’s enough room for improvement, 57 means you’ll just keep getting better and better.
swept
where
an
which
(2018.6) Many westerners 57 come to China cook much less than in their own countries once they realize how cheap 58 can be to eat out.
(2019.6) On the edge of the jacket, there is a piece of cloth 58 gives off light in the dark.
who/that
it
which/that
写作中的应用（2020.1浙江续写）
Hearing the footsteps, Poppy leaped up and rushed to the boy, who crouched to hug his old friend and kissed her.
The fluffy little dog jumped out of the box, waged his tail furiously, and then reached out his front paws to hug Poppy, who started to bark full of excitement. It wasn’t long before the two dogs chased each other in the house, happy barks lingering around, which made the parents beam proudly.
时文阅读
In December 2019, there was a cluster of pneumonia(肺炎) cases in China, which were caused by a previously unknown virus named novel coronavirus(冠状病毒).
Coronaviruses are a large group of viruses. They have the appearance of a crown, which is called corona in Latin. That’s how these viruses get their name. There are some types of coronaviruses that can cause severe diseases, including SARS in China in 2003 and MERS(中东呼吸综合症) in Saudi Arabia(沙特阿拉伯) in 2012.
牛刀小试之语法填空
Compared with SARS, the 2019-nCov is more contagious(传染性的). The incubation period(潜伏期) is around 14 days, during __1__ the virus is transmissible. So how to keep yourself safe __2__ it Zhong Nanshan, __3__ 83-year-old doctor, __4__ is the head of a high-level expert team organized by the National Health Commission(国家卫健委), supplied practical __5__(tip).
First of all, it is important to wear masks when outside and wash hands frequently and __6__(proper). Make sure that animal products __7__(cook) thoroughly before they are consumed. Most importantly, avoid close contact with those __8__ have flu symptoms. He also urged people__9__(stay) put during the Spring Festival holiday. But if you're ___10___(feel) unwell, seek prompt medical care as early as possible.
牛刀小试之语法填空
Compared with SARS, the 2019-nCov is more contagious(传染性的). The incubation period(潜伏期) is around 14 days, during __1__ the virus is transmissible. So how to keep yourself safe __2__ it Zhong Nanshan, __3__ 83-year-old doctor, __4__ is the head of a high-level expert team organized by the National Health Commission, supplied practical __5__(tip).
First of all, it is important to wear masks when outside and wash hands frequently and __6__(proper). Make sure that animal products __7__(cook) thoroughly before they are consumed. Most importantly, avoid close contact with those __8__ have flu symptoms. He also urged people__9__(stay) put during the Spring Festival holiday. But if you're ___10___(feel) unwell, seek prompt medical care as early as possible.
which
an
who
from
tips
properly
are cooked
who
to stay
feeling