人教版（2019） 选择性必修 第一册 Unit 1 People of Achievement 单元检测（含答案）

2024届选择性必修第一册 Unit 1测试（二）
姓名______________班级______________
一、短语
1. 话到嘴边，几乎想起____________________
2. 是/作为好的模范_____________________
3. 被认为是______________________________
对世界做出巨大的贡献___________________
尽管获得出色的成绩___________________
6.出于对知识的强烈渴望_________________
7.上台；掌权 ___________________________
8.结果是（做状语）_______________________
9.担任；任职_____________________________
10.被误认为 _____________________________
11.除了他非凡的成就之外__________________
12.总之（作状语） _______________________
13.无论如何都不 _________________________
14.利用；使用____________________________
15.给她打开一个新世界 ___________________
16.提出 ___________________________
二、句子翻译
1．他为世界作出了无数的贡献，最为出名的当数广义相对论和著名的方程式E＝mc2。（独立主格结构）
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2. 在那里工作期间，出于强烈的求知欲，他仍继续学习，于1905年获得物理学博士学位。（状语从句的省略）
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3. 作为一名犹太人，爱因斯坦（Einstein）发现学术机构的大门已对他关闭。（find＋宾语＋宾语补足语）
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三、 用所给词的适当形式填空
1．①She is a ____________ (commit) doctor, earning our respect.
②He ____________ (commit) himself to saving the injured in the war.
③If you are serious about our relationship, you should make a ____________ (commit).
2．①It is an important factor in ____________ (evaluate) their task.
②The way the guests were treated in the hotel influenced their ____________ (evaluate) of the service.
3．①He ____________ (acknowledge) as one of the world’s greatest living physicists.
②His ____________ (acknowledge) of my efforts was an incredible gift.
4．①With the teacher’s help, I ____________ (analyse) the data of this experiment.
②The teacher considered my ____________ (analyse) is reasonable.
5．①One of the worst ______ (consequent) of smoking for a long time is that you may suffer from lung cancer.
②These activities are interesting and educational. ____________ (consequent), students will take an active part in them.
四． 完型填空
Everybody always says that parenthood is a learning curve, and it really is, in more ways than one. My recent discovery is that you can never imagine how big and ___16___the inner world of a three-year-old is, even as a mom. Yesterday afternoon went to___17___ Nicole from her daycare center. On the way home, she looked joyful in the beginning, telling me about the daytime activities, while later when peace and quiet came back to her, she looked ___18___.
After we got off the bus, there was still 15 minutes of___19___ along a hill to our apartment. She asked me where her daddy was, I told her that daddy was still___20___ . She accepted the fact, and ___21___ with “Oka...”. ___22___ unhappily.
On the way back, she was not so ___23___ as usual. Sometimes she___24___ to walk, and stood in the middle of the road. Sometimes she stepped___25___ to the grassland and tried to kick off the snow ___26___ the bare grass could be seen. And she kept silent all the way.___27___we arrived. All of a sudden she burst into tears and lost her___28___ outside the door.“Why are you crying so sadly Tired ”The last sentence caused an even louder ___29___, “Mommy can't carry me! Daddy carry me! Dad...!"
My tears came out when I heard the words. Such a sweet and___30___ girl she is. One month ago I had a bad movement when carrying her up and___31___my waist. I remember that I couldn't move at all when the accident happened and this certainly scared her. After that I___32___ long-term lower back pain till now and couldn't carry her. It is, ___33___ that she knows everything.
No___34___ she asked me where her daddy was, for it is he that normally comes to her help in a(n)___35___ like this. And that was why she kept silent all the way but finally lost control when arriving home. Dear parents, do you still think that our children know nothing or little about our world
16. A. strange B. sympathetic C. complex D. grateful
17. A. gather B. collect C. keep D. drop
18. A. tired B. peaceful C. calm D. painful
19. A. wandering about B. hanging out C. working out D. climbing up
20. A. leaving B. missing C. working D. struggling
21. A. smiled B. argued C. sighed D. protested
22. A. again B. even C. otherwise D. somewhat
23. A. cooperative B. patient C. attentive D. nature
24. A. decided B. refused C. attempted D. pretended
25. A. forward B. aside C. back D. out
26. A. unless B. until C. whether D. after
27. A. Finally B. Hurriedly C. Gradually D. Constantly
28. A. balance B. heart C. temper D. mind
29. A. cry B. noise C. sound D. scream
30. A. naughty B. cautious C. honest D. considerate
31. A. twisted B. shook C. adjusted D. killed
32. A. got over B. suffered from C. went without D. recovered from
33. A. understandable B. doubtful C. obvious D. disastrous
34. A. excuse B. doubt C. need D. wonder
35. A. environment B. process C. dilemma D. situation
五 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
China is widely known for its ancient civilization 56. has continued all the way through into modern times.There are many reasons why this has been possible.
At the beginning，written Chinese was 57. picture based language.Ancient Chinese people carved 58. (symbol) on animal bones and shells.By the Shang Dynasty，a well developed writing system had come into being.At that time，people lived in different places,
59. (lead) to many varieties of dialects and characters.
Emperor Qinshihuang united the seven major states into one country where the Chinese writing system began to develop 60. one direction.The writing system was of great 61. (important) in uniting the Chinese people and culture.Even today，wherever Chinese people live or whatever dialect they speak，they can communicate 62. (free) in writing.
Written Chinese has also become an important means by which China’s present is connected with 63. (it) past.People in modern times can read classic works that 64. (write) by Chinese in ancient times.The high regard for the Chinese writing system can be seen in the development of Chinese characters as an art form,65. (know) as Chinese calligraphy，which has become an important part of Chinese culture.Today，the Chinese writing system is still an important part of Chinese culture.
一、短语翻译
1. on the tip of my tongue 2. serve as a good role model 3. be considered sth/sb 4. make numerous contributions to the world 5. despite obtaining exceptional scores 6. Out of a strong passion for knowledge 7. Come to power 8. As a consequence 9. Take up a position 10.be mistaken for 11. Apart from his remarkable achievements 12 To sum up 13 Under no circumstances 14 draw on 15 open up a new world to her 16 put forward
二、句子翻译
1 He made numerous contributions to the world, the most well known being the general theory of relativity and the famous formula E＝mc2.
2 While working there, out of a strong passion for knowledge, he continued to study, earning a doctorate in physics in 1905.
3 Einstein, who was Jewish, found the doors of academic institutions closed to him.
三、 用所给词的适当形式填空
1 committed committed commitment 2 evaluating evaluation 3 is acknowledged acknowledgment 4 analysed analysis 5 consequences Consequently
四． 完型填空
【答案】16. C 17. B 18. A 19. D 20. C 21. C 22. D 23. A 24. B 25. B 26. B 27. A 28. C 29. A 30. D 31. A 32. B 33. C 34. D 35. D
语篇解读　这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了汉字的起源、发展过程以及对古代和现代的重要意义和作用。
56．答案　which/that
解析　考查定语从句。根据句意并分析句子结构可知，空处引导定语从句，关系词指代先行词ancient civilization(指物)并在从句中作主语，故填which/that。
57．答案　a
解析　考查冠词。language为可数名词，此处泛指“一种语言”，且picture based发音以辅音音素开头，需用不定冠词a。
58．答案　symbols
解析　考查名词复数。根据句意和句中bones和shells可知，雕刻的符号不止一个，应用名词复数形式。
59．答案　leading
解析　考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，句中已有谓语动词lived，且句中无连词，此处使用非谓语形式，表示一种自然而然的结果，用现在分词作结果状语。
60．答案　in
解析　考查介词。固定短语in one/a direction，意为“在一个方向上，朝一个方向”。
61．答案　importance
解析　考查词性转换。be of importance＝be important，意为“重要的”。
62．答案　freely
解析　考查词性转换。修饰动词communicate用副词，副词freely“自由地”，而free也可作副词，但表示“免费地”，不符合句意。
63．答案　its
解析　考查代词。修饰名词past用形容词性物主代词。
64．答案　were written
解析　考查时态、语态和主谓一致。分析句意和句子结构可知，空处在that引导的定语从句中作谓语，从句的先行词为classic works，与write之间是被动关系，而且动作发生在过去，所以用一般过去时的被动语态。故填were written。
65．答案　known
解析　考查非谓语动词。be known as为固定短语，意为“作为……而著名”。此处省略be，用过去分词作后置定语。故填known。
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述的是有一天作者到日托中心接女儿回家，但女儿的反应不同寻常，最后作者了解到孩子累了但还是坚持自己走回家了，原因是孩子知道她有腰伤不能背自己回家.作者对此感到非常感动之外，还感叹一个三岁小孩竟有如此复杂的内心世界，孩子其实对我们的世界有很多了解。
【16题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我最近的发现是，你永远无法想象一个三岁小孩的内心世界有多大，有多复杂，即使是一个母亲。A. strange 陌生的，奇怪的；B. sympathetic 有同情心的；C. complex 复杂的；D. grateful感激的。由下文内容描述作者的女儿知道作者有腰伤不能背她，一路上坚持自己走回家可知孩子内心明白一切，并为妈妈做出了适当的考虑，体贴妈妈，可知作者在此描述“很难想象一个三岁小孩的内心世界多大，多复杂”，故选C项。
【17题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：昨天下午去日托中心接妮可。A. gather 聚集；B. collect 收集；C. keep 保持；D. drop 掉落。根据“daycare center(日托中心)”与下文提到回家的经过可知是去“接”她，短语collect sb from表示“从......接某人”，故选B项。
【18题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在回家的路上，她一开始看起来很高兴，告诉我白天的活动，但后来当她恢复平静时，她看起来很累。A. tired 疲惫的；B. peaceful 和平的，平静的；C. calm 冷静的；D. painful 痛苦的。根据but表示的转折关系以及下文提到““Why are you crying so sadly Tired " The last sentence caused an even louder　　14　　 , “Mommy can't carry me! Daddy carry me! Dad...!"(“你为什么哭得这么伤心 ”累了吗 ”最后一句又引起了一声更大的哭喊:“妈妈背不动我了!”爸爸背我!爸爸…!”)”可知她累了，故选A项。
【19题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：我们下车后，还要沿着山坡爬15分钟才到我们的公寓。A. wandering about 闲逛；B. hanging out 闲逛；C. working out 锻炼，计算，解决；D. climbing up 爬上。根据“ along a hill(沿着山)”可知是沿着山坡爬上去，故选D项。
【20题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：她问我她爸爸在哪里，我告诉她爸爸还在工作。A. leaving 离开；B. missing 错过，想念；C. working 工作；D. struggling 挣扎。根据爸爸今天没有来接她，可推知爸爸还在工作，其他选项意思不符合语境。故选C项。
【21题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：她接受了这个事实，有点不高兴地叹了口气:“Oka....。”A. smiled 笑；B. argued 争论；C. sighed 叹息；D. protested 抗议，反对。根据“with “Oka....somewhat unhappily.”可知她叹息着说了“Oka....”，故选C项。
【22题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：她接受了这个事实，有点不高兴地叹了口气:“Oka....。”A. again 再，又；B. even 甚至；C. otherwise 否则；D. somewhat 有点，稍微。根据她叹息着说“Oka....”可知她有点不高兴，故选D项。
【23题详解】
考查形容词和名词词义辨析。句意：回来的路上，她不像往常那样配合了。A. cooperative 配合的，合作的；B. patient 耐心的；C. attentive 注意的，贴心的；D. nature自然。由下文提到她一路上的行为：一会不肯走，一会踢积雪，可知她今天不像平常一样“配合”，故选A项。
【24题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：有时她不肯走，站在路中间。A. decided 决定；B. refused 拒绝；C. attempted 尝试；D. pretended 假装。根据“ stood in the middle of the road(站在路中间)”可知她有时不肯走，故选B项。
【25题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：有时她走到草地上，试着踢掉积雪，直到看到光秃秃的草地。A. forward 向前；B. aside 在旁边；C. back 向后；D. out 向外。由“ to the grassland(到草地上)”可知是走到路的旁边上，故选B项。
【26题详解】
考查连词词义辨析。句意：有时她走到草地上，试着踢掉积雪，直到看到光秃秃的草地。A. unless 除非；B. until 直到；C. whether 是否；D. after在......之后。由“the bare grass could be seen.(看到光秃秃的草地)”可知她一直踢积雪，直到看见光秃秃的草地，故选B项。
【27题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：我们终于到了。A. Finally 终于，最终；B. Hurriedly 仓促地；C. Gradually 逐渐地；D. Constantly 不断地。根据前文提到她一路上“不配合”可知此处表达“我们终于到了”，故选A项。
【28题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：她突然大哭起来，在门外大发脾气。A. balance 平衡；B. heart 心；C. temper 脾气；D. mind 想法。由“she burst into tears(她突然大哭起来)”以及下文““Why are you crying so sadly Tired " The last sentence caused an even louder　　14　　 , “Mommy can't carry me! Daddy carry me! Dad...!"(“你为什么哭得这么伤心 ”累了吗 ”最后一句又引起了一声更大的哭喊:“妈妈背不动我了!”爸爸背我!爸爸…!”)”可知她在发脾气，短语“lose one's temper”表示“发脾气”，故选C项。
【29题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：最后一句引起了更大的哭喊声。A. cry 哭喊；B. noise 噪音；C. sound 声音；D. scream 尖叫。根据下文““Mommy can't carry me! Daddy carry me! Dad...!"(“妈妈背不动我了!”爸爸背我!爸爸…!”)”可知她哭喊地更大声了，且上文的“Why are you crying so sadly”也是提示。故选A项。
【30题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她是一个如此甜蜜和体贴的女孩。A. naughty 淘气的；B. cautious 小心的，谨慎的；C. honest 诚实的；D. considerate 体贴的，考虑周到的。由“sweet”可知应填入一个相近的褒义词与之并列，结合下文提到Nicole知道妈妈腰扭伤不能背她，一路上也能坚持自己走回家，没有要求妈妈背她可知她是一个“体贴”的女孩。故选D项。
【31题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：一个月前，我抱她时动作不好，不小心扭了腰。A. twisted 扭；B. shook 摇；C. adjusted 调整；D. killed杀；根据“One month ago I had a bad movement when carrying her up (一个月前，我抱她时动作不好。)”以及“ I remember that I couldn't move at all when the accident happened and this certainly scared her. (我记得事故发生的时候，我根本不能动弹，这肯定吓坏了她。)”可知作者“腰扭了”，故选A项。
【32题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：从那以后，我的腰一直很痛，一直到现在都不能抱她。A. got over 克服；B. suffered from 遭受；C. went without 没有；D. recovered from 恢复。根据上文提到“腰扭了”以及“一直到现在都不能抱她了”可知，从那以后作者一直“遭受”腰痛的折磨，故选B项。
【33题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：很明显，她什么都知道。A. understandable 可以理解的；B. doubtful 令人怀疑的；C. obvious 明显的；D. disastrous灾难性的。由Nicole的反应““Mommy can't carry me! Daddy carry me! Dad...!"(“妈妈背不动我了!”爸爸背我!爸爸…!”)”可知，很明显她懂得妈妈不能背她，故选C项。
【34题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：难怪她问我她爸爸在哪里，因为通常是他在这种情况下来帮助她。A. excuse 借口，理由；B. doubt 怀疑，疑问；C. need 需要；D. wonder 奇怪。根据上文“ It is, 　　18　　 that she knows everything.(很明显，她什么都知道。)”可知作者知道女儿懂得妈妈受伤不能背她之后的做法和反应，才明白Nicole为什么要找爸爸，因为她累了，爸爸才可以背她，所以她要找爸爸，短语“no wondar(难怪)”表示原因，故选D项。
【35题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：难怪她问我她爸爸在哪里，因为通常是他在这种情况下来帮助她。A. environment 环境；B. process 进度，过程；C. dilemma 困境，为难；D. situation情况，境地。由前文内容可知，Nicole今天很累但没有要求妈妈背她，因为她知道妈妈受伤不能背她，所以她找爸爸的原因是：往常在这样的情况下，都是爸爸背她。故选D项。
Evening Reading:
1.Recite the underlined expressions in LE.NO.10 &11；
2.Recite the underlined sentences on P.2-3;
3.Dictation (10 expressions ＋1 sentence)