高中英语总复习：熟词生义 课件（36张PPT）
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| 名称 | 高中英语总复习：熟词生义 课件（36张PPT） |  | |
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| 资源类型 | 教案 | ||
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| 科目 | 英语 | ||
| 更新时间 | 2022-08-07 16:51:36 | ||
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(共36张PPT)
—— 熟词生义
高三词汇复习
Her sketches (速写) of Chinese breakfast make netizens’ mouth water.
Using colored pencils and watercolors, Xu Yaxin, a decoration art and design student, has made the local snacks come to life on paper.
如何去推测熟词生义呢？
①应用联想，结合上下文语境推断。
②应用联想，结合词性变化推断。
生义
熟义
Review: translate the underlined parts
Will Chinese English develop its own identity Only time will tell.（B1U2）
2. Fresh water was taken to the city by train, truck and plane. Slowly the city began to breathe again. （B1U4）
3. Mandela taught us during the lunch breaks. （B1U5）
4. She sounded her horn loudly until the lion turned and walked away. （B2U4）
to answer the question
to come to life
a short time of rest
to make a sound 吹响（号角）
5. Wang Peng followed Li Chang into a small new restaurant. Curiosity drove him inside.(B3U2)
6. Li Fang was heart-broken and would drown his sadness in coffee.（B3U1）
7. Mark Twain is best known for his novels set in his boyhood world on the river. （B3U3）
8. Joan of Arc was caught and put to death by the English. (B4U1)
to cause him to go inside 驱使
to cover his sadness by coffee 借咖啡浇愁
to put the backgrounds of his novels in his boyhood以…为背景
to be sentenced to death
9. Yuan Longping consider himself a farmer for he works the land to do his research. （B4U2）
10. George reached his hand out to the Japanese student. （B4U4）
11. Disneyland has many exciting rides, from giant swinging ships to terrifying free-fall drops. （B4U5）
12. If driving, Futuroscope is within easy reach of the free way. （B4U5）
to farm (the land)
to hold his hand out
recreational facilities you can take a ride on游乐设施
easy to reach; close to
13. He thought he would make a new career coaching young football players. （B5U1）
14. I know you’re dying to hear all about my life here, so I’ve included some photos which will help you picture the places I talk about.（B7U4）
15. Pressed by my friends and relations, I decided to send my invention to the patent office(专利局).（B8U3）
16. Suddenly he had a flash of inspiration. （B8U3）
to be a coach；instruct 训练、指导
to form a vivid picture of the places in your mind; imagine
to try hard to persuade
一阵灵感闪现
①词性不变，结合上下文语境联想推断
Only time will tell：只有时间能回答（前面提出的问题）
the city breathe again：（根据前文）城市恢复了生机
Curiosity drove him inside：好奇心驱使他走了进去
drown his sadness in coffee：借咖啡浇愁
set in：put sth in → put the backgrounds of one’s novels in 以……为背景
put to death：（根据上文be caught）处以死刑
work the land： （根据上文farmer）耕种土地
reach one’s hand out: 伸出手
pressed by my friends and relations：在亲朋好友的极力敦促下（press物理施压→精神施压）
a flash of inspiration：灵感闪现
②词性变化，结合原词意和上下文语境联想推断
名词变动词：
sound（n. 声音 → v.使发出声音，例如吹响号角、拉响警报等等）
coach（n. 教练 → v.成为教练指导、培训…）
picture（n. 图像、图画 → v. 在脑海中形成画面、想象）
动词变名词：
rides（v.乘坐 → n.游乐园中供游客乘坐的游乐设施）
breaks（v.打断、中断 → n.中断工作或日常活动的休息时间）
within easy reach：v.（很容易）到达 → n. 距离很近
Crowds of people jammed airports, railway stations and long-distance bus hubs at the start of the six-day Lunar New Year holiday.
Q: What’s the meaning of “jam”
A. to wait in front of someplace
B. to fill something or someplace
词性变化：
traffic jam交通堵塞
→ 填满；堵塞
学以致用：牛刀小试
Pennsylvania-based food company Murry’s Inc. recalled(召回)on Saturday more than 31,000 pounds of chicken products that were shipped to retail (零售) stores nationwide.
Q: What’s the meaning of “ship”
A. a large boat used for carrying people or goods across the sea
B. to send goods somewhere by ship, plane, truck, etc
词性变化：
ship 船（运输工具）
→ 运输
The Rosicrucian Egyptian Museum houses the largest collection of Egyptian artifacts (石器) on exhibit in western North America.
Q: What’s the meaning of “house”
to give someone a place to live
a place to live in
C. to provide place to keep something
词性变化+语境：house 房子 → 给人提供住处 → 收藏；保存（给物提供空间）
As refugees(难民) flood in, Germany struggles to house them.
Q: What’s the meaning of “flood”
to go or arrive in large numbers
B. to be covered with water
语境： 洪水泛滥，发大水 →（像洪水一样）大量涌入
According to a study, long phone conversations can bridge the physical distance for female friendships.
Q: What’s the meaning of “bridge”
a structure built over a river/road
B. to make a connection between two things
C. to narrow the gap
词性变化+语境：缩短差距
It's a stereotype(刻板印象): Women well up at sad news and weepy movies, while men remain dry-eyed in the most upsetting and heartbreaking situations.
Q: What’s the meaning of “well”
a deep hole in the ground from which you can get water or oil
B. (of feelings) to become strong
C. to burst into tears
词性变化+语境：泪水涌上来
It’s a feeling familiar to many. You return to your office after lunch and are hit with a wave of sluggishness (有气无力) and tiredness.
Q: What’s the meaning of “hit”
to touch someone or something hard
to affect badly
C. to crash into something
语境：一阵倦意向你袭来
（1）The fear that they might never return to find us made us feel ________ and discouraged.（ B10U1 ）
A. high B. low C. short
low
提升训练：choose the best answers
语境：低的，不高的 → （心情）低落的（feel upset/down, in low spirits）
（2）As the supply of food and water gradually disappeared, we could foresee that we would die if we could not reach land very soon. And we ________ gradually into a sleepy, half-alive state. （B9U2）
A. sank B. jumped C. rose
sank
语境：下沉，陷入 → 陷入一种昏昏沉沉，半死不活的状态（fall into an unpleasant state）
（3）Advertisers must pay the media for displaying their ads. Their money would be wasted if the message didn’t __________ its target audience.（B9U5）
A. achieve B. gain C. reach
reach
语境：到达（某地） → （信息）传达到某人那里；引起注意（come to one’s attention）
（4）However, I lost sight of Wang Ping because of too many carriages flying by in all directions. He was ________ up into the center of them.（B5U3）
A. put B. swept C. cleared
swept
语境：move sth to sp（with a brush） → sb be moved to sp (by a force)
（1）While her efforts were greeted with mostly enthusiasm from those ________ Detroit’s cold winters, one woman voice dissatisfaction. “We don’t need coat; we need jobs.”（莆田市质检）
A. braving B. enjoying
C. expecting D. surviving
A
错题巩固
词性变化：face/withstand something bravely ；brave cold winters 经受寒冬; voice：说出
（2）Still, Veronica is less focused on the coats than on the workers who make them. “At the end of the day,” she says, “the coat is a(n) _____ for us to employ people.” （莆田市质检）
A. vehicle B. concept
C. case D. urge
A
语境：交通工具→工具、方法、手段
（1）When we handed him the bag of food, he lit up and thanked us with ______ eyes. When I handed him the gift card, saying he could use it for whatever his family might need, he burst into tears. (2015年全国卷1）
A. sleepy B. curious C. watery D. sharp
C
感受高考
语境：含水多的 → 眼里含泪的
（2）Larry works with Transport Drivers. Inc. One morning in 2009, Larry was traveling along 165 north after delivering to one of his customers. Suddenly, he saw a car with its bright lights on. As he got closer, he found that vehicle upside down on the road. One more look and he noticed flames shooting out from under the _______vehicle...then heard a woman’s voice coming from the wrecked (毁坏的) vehicle.（2016年全国卷1） A. used B. removed C. disabled D. abandoned
C
语境：(of a person) can’t use parts of his body properly → (of a car) can’t work properly
（3）I am Peter Hodes, a volunteer stem courier. Since March 2012, I’ve done 89 trips -- of those, 51 have been abroad, I have 42 hours to carry stem cells (干细胞) in my little box because I’ve got two ice packs and that’s how long they last, in all, from the time the stem cells are harvested from a donor (捐献者) to the time they can be implanted in the patient, we’ve got 72 hours at most, So I am always conscious of time.
（2016年高考全国卷1）
语境：收获、收割（庄稼） → 采集获取（器官）
（4）A typical lion tamer (驯兽师) in people's mind is an entertainer holding a whip (鞭) and a chair. The whip gets all of the attention, but it's mostly for show. In reality, it's the chair that does the important work. When a lion tamer holds a chair in front of the lion's face, the lion tries to focus on all four legs of the chair at the same time. With its focus divided, the lion becomes confused and is unsure about what to do next. When faced with so many options, the lion chooses to freeze and wait instead of attacking the man holding the chair.（2014年高考全国卷1）
语境：使冻结、冻住、结冰 → 僵住、不动（to stop and become completely still）
Conclusion总结归纳+解题技巧
（1）首先结合上下文判断熟词是否发生词性的变化。如果有发生词性变化，先判断词性，再根据熟义或上下文语境，推测判断新词性下的生义。
jam: n. 交通堵塞 → v. 挤满，堵塞
ship：n. 轮船（一种交通工具） → v. 运输、运送
house：n. 房子（人或物的容身处） → v. 给（人或物）提供容身之处 → （结合语境）收藏、存放
well：n. 井（有液体涌出） → v. 液体涌出 → （结合语境）眼泪涌出来
bridge：n. 桥梁 → v. （结合语境）缩短差距
brave： adj. 勇敢的 → v. 勇敢面对、经受……
（2）熟词词性没有变化，则根据熟义或上下文语境，通过合理联想推测判断生义。
flood (v.) 洪水泛滥，发大水 → 大量涌入（像洪水一样泛滥）
hit (v.) 袭击、打击、撞击 → 深受…影响
low (adj.) 低的，不高的 → 情绪低落的
sink (v.) 下沉，陷入→ 陷入某种不好的状态
reach (v.) 到达某地 → 传达到某人那里，引起注意
sweep (v.) 用扫把扫向某处 → 被外力扫/卷向某处
vehicle (n.) 交通工具 → 工具、手段、方法
watery (adj.) 水多的 → 眼中含泪的
disabled (adj.)人残疾的无法正常行动的→ 机器坏掉无法正常工作的
harvest (v.) 收割，收获 → 获取、采集（器官）
freeze (v.) 结冰，冻住→ 僵住，呆住，不动
The Rise of MaaS: An Integrated System of Mobility
An up-and-coming revolution in mobility is known as MaaS: Mobility as a Service. Building on existing transportation technologies, MaaS offers a real opportunity to make travel more efficient, user friendly, and tailored to what individual consumers want.
MaaS will rely on a digital platform that integrates all aspects of trip planning—booking, ticketing, and paying—across all modes (方式) of transportation, whether public or private. No longer will a traveler have to research a train time, book a flight, and pay for a car ride separately to get somewhere; with MaaS, one single app will handle it all.
崛起
easy to use
词性变化：买票
词性变化：n. 裁缝（量体裁衣）→ v.根据顾客需求制作
词性变化: 处理解决（问题）
Are 'Healthy' Food Labels Out of Date FDA Holds Public Meeting
The buzzword “healthy” on food labels can offer consumers peace of mind and be marketing gold for brands, but many health experts warn those products might not actually live up to their label.
That’s why the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) is holding a public meeting Thursday in Maryland, to reevaluate its current guidelines and requirements for labeling a product "healthy."
词性变化：市场营销、推销
在英美文化中gold具有“good、success”此类文化内涵
Luxury Iceberg Water at $100 a Pop
Americans love their bottled water—with drinking consumption reaching new highs—even topping the almighty soda as the best-selling drink for the first time last year.
But do they love it enough to pay $100 One Norwegian-based start-up thinks its new bottle of iceberg water—straight from the remote fjords of Norway—will set a luxury trend as they tap into the $14.2 billion U.S. water market, as estimated by Beverage Marketing Corporation.
词性变化：超过
词性变化：n.水龙头→ v.给…装上水龙头，打开后让里面的液体流出→ 结合语境，给美国14.2亿的瓶装水市场装上水龙头，打开之后让里面的金钱流出，推出“开发（市场）从而获利”的意思
—— 熟词生义
高三词汇复习
Her sketches (速写) of Chinese breakfast make netizens’ mouth water.
Using colored pencils and watercolors, Xu Yaxin, a decoration art and design student, has made the local snacks come to life on paper.
如何去推测熟词生义呢？
①应用联想，结合上下文语境推断。
②应用联想，结合词性变化推断。
生义
熟义
Review: translate the underlined parts
Will Chinese English develop its own identity Only time will tell.（B1U2）
2. Fresh water was taken to the city by train, truck and plane. Slowly the city began to breathe again. （B1U4）
3. Mandela taught us during the lunch breaks. （B1U5）
4. She sounded her horn loudly until the lion turned and walked away. （B2U4）
to answer the question
to come to life
a short time of rest
to make a sound 吹响（号角）
5. Wang Peng followed Li Chang into a small new restaurant. Curiosity drove him inside.(B3U2)
6. Li Fang was heart-broken and would drown his sadness in coffee.（B3U1）
7. Mark Twain is best known for his novels set in his boyhood world on the river. （B3U3）
8. Joan of Arc was caught and put to death by the English. (B4U1)
to cause him to go inside 驱使
to cover his sadness by coffee 借咖啡浇愁
to put the backgrounds of his novels in his boyhood以…为背景
to be sentenced to death
9. Yuan Longping consider himself a farmer for he works the land to do his research. （B4U2）
10. George reached his hand out to the Japanese student. （B4U4）
11. Disneyland has many exciting rides, from giant swinging ships to terrifying free-fall drops. （B4U5）
12. If driving, Futuroscope is within easy reach of the free way. （B4U5）
to farm (the land)
to hold his hand out
recreational facilities you can take a ride on游乐设施
easy to reach; close to
13. He thought he would make a new career coaching young football players. （B5U1）
14. I know you’re dying to hear all about my life here, so I’ve included some photos which will help you picture the places I talk about.（B7U4）
15. Pressed by my friends and relations, I decided to send my invention to the patent office(专利局).（B8U3）
16. Suddenly he had a flash of inspiration. （B8U3）
to be a coach；instruct 训练、指导
to form a vivid picture of the places in your mind; imagine
to try hard to persuade
一阵灵感闪现
①词性不变，结合上下文语境联想推断
Only time will tell：只有时间能回答（前面提出的问题）
the city breathe again：（根据前文）城市恢复了生机
Curiosity drove him inside：好奇心驱使他走了进去
drown his sadness in coffee：借咖啡浇愁
set in：put sth in → put the backgrounds of one’s novels in 以……为背景
put to death：（根据上文be caught）处以死刑
work the land： （根据上文farmer）耕种土地
reach one’s hand out: 伸出手
pressed by my friends and relations：在亲朋好友的极力敦促下（press物理施压→精神施压）
a flash of inspiration：灵感闪现
②词性变化，结合原词意和上下文语境联想推断
名词变动词：
sound（n. 声音 → v.使发出声音，例如吹响号角、拉响警报等等）
coach（n. 教练 → v.成为教练指导、培训…）
picture（n. 图像、图画 → v. 在脑海中形成画面、想象）
动词变名词：
rides（v.乘坐 → n.游乐园中供游客乘坐的游乐设施）
breaks（v.打断、中断 → n.中断工作或日常活动的休息时间）
within easy reach：v.（很容易）到达 → n. 距离很近
Crowds of people jammed airports, railway stations and long-distance bus hubs at the start of the six-day Lunar New Year holiday.
Q: What’s the meaning of “jam”
A. to wait in front of someplace
B. to fill something or someplace
词性变化：
traffic jam交通堵塞
→ 填满；堵塞
学以致用：牛刀小试
Pennsylvania-based food company Murry’s Inc. recalled(召回)on Saturday more than 31,000 pounds of chicken products that were shipped to retail (零售) stores nationwide.
Q: What’s the meaning of “ship”
A. a large boat used for carrying people or goods across the sea
B. to send goods somewhere by ship, plane, truck, etc
词性变化：
ship 船（运输工具）
→ 运输
The Rosicrucian Egyptian Museum houses the largest collection of Egyptian artifacts (石器) on exhibit in western North America.
Q: What’s the meaning of “house”
to give someone a place to live
a place to live in
C. to provide place to keep something
词性变化+语境：house 房子 → 给人提供住处 → 收藏；保存（给物提供空间）
As refugees(难民) flood in, Germany struggles to house them.
Q: What’s the meaning of “flood”
to go or arrive in large numbers
B. to be covered with water
语境： 洪水泛滥，发大水 →（像洪水一样）大量涌入
According to a study, long phone conversations can bridge the physical distance for female friendships.
Q: What’s the meaning of “bridge”
a structure built over a river/road
B. to make a connection between two things
C. to narrow the gap
词性变化+语境：缩短差距
It's a stereotype(刻板印象): Women well up at sad news and weepy movies, while men remain dry-eyed in the most upsetting and heartbreaking situations.
Q: What’s the meaning of “well”
a deep hole in the ground from which you can get water or oil
B. (of feelings) to become strong
C. to burst into tears
词性变化+语境：泪水涌上来
It’s a feeling familiar to many. You return to your office after lunch and are hit with a wave of sluggishness (有气无力) and tiredness.
Q: What’s the meaning of “hit”
to touch someone or something hard
to affect badly
C. to crash into something
语境：一阵倦意向你袭来
（1）The fear that they might never return to find us made us feel ________ and discouraged.（ B10U1 ）
A. high B. low C. short
low
提升训练：choose the best answers
语境：低的，不高的 → （心情）低落的（feel upset/down, in low spirits）
（2）As the supply of food and water gradually disappeared, we could foresee that we would die if we could not reach land very soon. And we ________ gradually into a sleepy, half-alive state. （B9U2）
A. sank B. jumped C. rose
sank
语境：下沉，陷入 → 陷入一种昏昏沉沉，半死不活的状态（fall into an unpleasant state）
（3）Advertisers must pay the media for displaying their ads. Their money would be wasted if the message didn’t __________ its target audience.（B9U5）
A. achieve B. gain C. reach
reach
语境：到达（某地） → （信息）传达到某人那里；引起注意（come to one’s attention）
（4）However, I lost sight of Wang Ping because of too many carriages flying by in all directions. He was ________ up into the center of them.（B5U3）
A. put B. swept C. cleared
swept
语境：move sth to sp（with a brush） → sb be moved to sp (by a force)
（1）While her efforts were greeted with mostly enthusiasm from those ________ Detroit’s cold winters, one woman voice dissatisfaction. “We don’t need coat; we need jobs.”（莆田市质检）
A. braving B. enjoying
C. expecting D. surviving
A
错题巩固
词性变化：face/withstand something bravely ；brave cold winters 经受寒冬; voice：说出
（2）Still, Veronica is less focused on the coats than on the workers who make them. “At the end of the day,” she says, “the coat is a(n) _____ for us to employ people.” （莆田市质检）
A. vehicle B. concept
C. case D. urge
A
语境：交通工具→工具、方法、手段
（1）When we handed him the bag of food, he lit up and thanked us with ______ eyes. When I handed him the gift card, saying he could use it for whatever his family might need, he burst into tears. (2015年全国卷1）
A. sleepy B. curious C. watery D. sharp
C
感受高考
语境：含水多的 → 眼里含泪的
（2）Larry works with Transport Drivers. Inc. One morning in 2009, Larry was traveling along 165 north after delivering to one of his customers. Suddenly, he saw a car with its bright lights on. As he got closer, he found that vehicle upside down on the road. One more look and he noticed flames shooting out from under the _______vehicle...then heard a woman’s voice coming from the wrecked (毁坏的) vehicle.（2016年全国卷1） A. used B. removed C. disabled D. abandoned
C
语境：(of a person) can’t use parts of his body properly → (of a car) can’t work properly
（3）I am Peter Hodes, a volunteer stem courier. Since March 2012, I’ve done 89 trips -- of those, 51 have been abroad, I have 42 hours to carry stem cells (干细胞) in my little box because I’ve got two ice packs and that’s how long they last, in all, from the time the stem cells are harvested from a donor (捐献者) to the time they can be implanted in the patient, we’ve got 72 hours at most, So I am always conscious of time.
（2016年高考全国卷1）
语境：收获、收割（庄稼） → 采集获取（器官）
（4）A typical lion tamer (驯兽师) in people's mind is an entertainer holding a whip (鞭) and a chair. The whip gets all of the attention, but it's mostly for show. In reality, it's the chair that does the important work. When a lion tamer holds a chair in front of the lion's face, the lion tries to focus on all four legs of the chair at the same time. With its focus divided, the lion becomes confused and is unsure about what to do next. When faced with so many options, the lion chooses to freeze and wait instead of attacking the man holding the chair.（2014年高考全国卷1）
语境：使冻结、冻住、结冰 → 僵住、不动（to stop and become completely still）
Conclusion总结归纳+解题技巧
（1）首先结合上下文判断熟词是否发生词性的变化。如果有发生词性变化，先判断词性，再根据熟义或上下文语境，推测判断新词性下的生义。
jam: n. 交通堵塞 → v. 挤满，堵塞
ship：n. 轮船（一种交通工具） → v. 运输、运送
house：n. 房子（人或物的容身处） → v. 给（人或物）提供容身之处 → （结合语境）收藏、存放
well：n. 井（有液体涌出） → v. 液体涌出 → （结合语境）眼泪涌出来
bridge：n. 桥梁 → v. （结合语境）缩短差距
brave： adj. 勇敢的 → v. 勇敢面对、经受……
（2）熟词词性没有变化，则根据熟义或上下文语境，通过合理联想推测判断生义。
flood (v.) 洪水泛滥，发大水 → 大量涌入（像洪水一样泛滥）
hit (v.) 袭击、打击、撞击 → 深受…影响
low (adj.) 低的，不高的 → 情绪低落的
sink (v.) 下沉，陷入→ 陷入某种不好的状态
reach (v.) 到达某地 → 传达到某人那里，引起注意
sweep (v.) 用扫把扫向某处 → 被外力扫/卷向某处
vehicle (n.) 交通工具 → 工具、手段、方法
watery (adj.) 水多的 → 眼中含泪的
disabled (adj.)人残疾的无法正常行动的→ 机器坏掉无法正常工作的
harvest (v.) 收割，收获 → 获取、采集（器官）
freeze (v.) 结冰，冻住→ 僵住，呆住，不动
The Rise of MaaS: An Integrated System of Mobility
An up-and-coming revolution in mobility is known as MaaS: Mobility as a Service. Building on existing transportation technologies, MaaS offers a real opportunity to make travel more efficient, user friendly, and tailored to what individual consumers want.
MaaS will rely on a digital platform that integrates all aspects of trip planning—booking, ticketing, and paying—across all modes (方式) of transportation, whether public or private. No longer will a traveler have to research a train time, book a flight, and pay for a car ride separately to get somewhere; with MaaS, one single app will handle it all.
崛起
easy to use
词性变化：买票
词性变化：n. 裁缝（量体裁衣）→ v.根据顾客需求制作
词性变化: 处理解决（问题）
Are 'Healthy' Food Labels Out of Date FDA Holds Public Meeting
The buzzword “healthy” on food labels can offer consumers peace of mind and be marketing gold for brands, but many health experts warn those products might not actually live up to their label.
That’s why the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) is holding a public meeting Thursday in Maryland, to reevaluate its current guidelines and requirements for labeling a product "healthy."
词性变化：市场营销、推销
在英美文化中gold具有“good、success”此类文化内涵
Luxury Iceberg Water at $100 a Pop
Americans love their bottled water—with drinking consumption reaching new highs—even topping the almighty soda as the best-selling drink for the first time last year.
But do they love it enough to pay $100 One Norwegian-based start-up thinks its new bottle of iceberg water—straight from the remote fjords of Norway—will set a luxury trend as they tap into the $14.2 billion U.S. water market, as estimated by Beverage Marketing Corporation.
词性变化：超过
词性变化：n.水龙头→ v.给…装上水龙头，打开后让里面的液体流出→ 结合语境，给美国14.2亿的瓶装水市场装上水龙头，打开之后让里面的金钱流出，推出“开发（市场）从而获利”的意思