中考英语分类总复习课件-13定语从句

(共17张PPT)
定语从句
什么是定语？
我们看看例子先
a pretty girl in red
a girl standing in the platform
a girl who is standing in the platform is Lucy
定语可以是一个形容词（pretty），可以是介词短语（in red），也可以是分词短语（standing in the platform），也可以是一个句子（who is standing in the platform），而当定语从句是一个句子时，这个句子呢，就是定语从句
修饰一个词，使那个词更具体的就是定语，
然后我们在说说这定语从句，在英语中有个规定就是一个简单句中有且只能有一个谓语，就好比我们人呢一个人只能有一个心脏。
一个谓语=一个心脏
那我们人啥时候可能会有两个心脏呢？
那一个句子什么情况下会有两个谓语呢？
A girl who is standing in the platform is Lucy.
He is the boy who makes the cake.
主句(好比妈妈)
从句(好比胎儿)
这个从句是修饰哪个词的？
先行词
关系词
修饰语
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定语从句的结构
问题：关系词在从句中充当什么成分？
1.He is the boy who makes the cake.
主句
从句
关系词在从句中充当什么成分？
who充当定语从句中的_______________
2. He is the man whom I make the cake for.
whom充当定语从句中的_______________
主语
宾语
关系词在从句中既可充当主语也可以充当宾语
从句
关系词
关系
代词
关系
副词
指人
指物
who(主语、宾语)，whom(宾语)，
that(主语、宾语), whose(定语)
that(主语、宾语),which(主语、宾语)
whose(定语=of whom/which)
where (地点状语=介词+which)
when (时间状语=介词+ which)
why (原因状语= for which)
既然说到关系词可以充当主语或宾语，那关系词包括哪些呢？
)
三个考点
考点一：只用that的情况
考点二：只用which的情况
考点三：只用whom 的情况
三个考点
考点一：只用that的情况
先行词既有指人又有物
有序数词、或最高级修饰时
the only, very， all, much, same
不定代词 xx-thing
主句是以who/which开头的特殊疑问句时，为避免重复，只用that
that指物时一般可以与which互换，但在下列情况只用that，不用which。
同桌讨论：从哪里看出下列句子关系词只能用that
1.The terrible typhoon killed the people and sheep that were in the fields.
2.The wind blew down the tallest tree that is in front of our school gate.
3.This is the very thing that I was looking for.
4.This is the second novel that I have ever read.
5.There is nothing in the world that can frighten me.
6.Who is the man that is reading under the tree
7.My hometown is not the same one that it used to be twenty years ago.
8.Which of us that knows something about physics does not know this
考点二：只用which的情况
1》先行词指物，前面有介词
2》先行词指物，前面有逗号
请一起讨论为什么下列句子只能用which？
1. Is this the library from which you borrow books
2. She heard a terrible noise, which brought her heart into her mouth.
3. The weather turned out to be good, which was more than we could expect.
4. Is that the newspaper for which you often write articles
考点三：只用whom 的情况
The boy who/whom I talk to is Xiaobo.
1. 先行词是人，前面有介词时
The boy to whom I talk is Xiaobo.
请同学一起挑挑下列句子的错误
The woman to who you spoke is our class teacher.
2. The boy with who I went home is John.
考点四：合并成定语从句
1. The boys are from Class One.
The boys are playing football.
2. Mr. Ling is just the boy.
I want to see Mr. Ling.
3. There is somebody here.
Somebody wants to speak to you.
4. Football is a game.
Football is liked by most boys.
练习
将下列两个单句合并成定语从句
1. The boys are from Class One. The boys are playing football.
2. Mr. Ling is just the boy. I want to see Mr. Ling.
3. There is somebody here. Somebody wants to speak to you.

4. Football is a game. Football is liked by most boys.

5. I will never forget the day. We met there on the day.

6. This is the house. I was born in the house.

7. Do you know the woman Her son saved the boy's life.

8. The man gone to Guangzhou. You met him in the street yesterday.

二个规则
先行词指人，前面有介词用whom
先行词指物，前面有介词用which