(共14张PPT)
---被动语态
中考专项复习
学习目标
2. 如何将主动语态变成被动语态
3. 被动语态的谓语结构
4. 什么时候要用被动语态?
1. 什么是被动语态?
5. 被动语态中要注意的问题
definition
how to change
structure
time to use it
attention
语态概述:
表示谓语与主语之间的关系的动词形式叫做语态,英语动词分为:主动语态(the Active Voice)和被动语态(the Passive Voice)。主动语态表示是动作的执行者,被动语态是动作的承受者。
Granny 是动作take care of的 执行者,属于主动语态。
Granny takes care of the girl. 奶奶照顾小女孩.
the girl是动作take care of的承受者,属于被动语态。
The girl is taken care of by Granny. 小女孩由奶奶照顾。
definition
how to change
主动语态
被动语态
Step 1:
Step 2:
Step 3:
将主动语态的宾语改为被动语态的______。
将主动语态的谓语改为“________________”结构。
将主动语态的主语改为介词by________,放在谓语之后(有时可以省略)。
主语
My father waters the flowers every day.
The flowers
are watered
by my father
every day..
be+done
宾语
be+done结构
structure
be(助动词) + done(及物动词的过去分词)
可变
固定
A. 变否定和疑问句。
B.有人称、数和时态的变化
规则动词和不规则动词变过去分词的构成方法
不规则动词表:详情请见书本最后一页
初中阶段的主动语态和被动语态谓语结构
常考 一般现在时、一般过去时、现在完成时及含情态动词的被动语态。
初中被动语态的各种时态的否定形式
时态 构成
一般现在时 am/is/are+not+done
一般过去时 was/were+not+done
一般/过去 将来时 will/shall/would+not+be+done
现在完成时 has/have+not+been+done
含情态动词 can/must/should/may...+not+be+done
Time to use it
1.不知道或没有必要说明动作的执行者时;
2.出于礼貌或不便提到动作的执行者时;
3.需要强调动作的承受者时;(汉语中含有“被”、“由”等词时。)
Spanish is spoken as the official language there.
在那儿,西班牙语是官方语言。
Everybody is expected to obey the class rules.
希望大家遵守班级规定。
The house is made of stone.
那个房子是有石头制成的。
Time to use it
4.动作的发出者不是人时
5.文章的标题、广告、新闻等用语
6.某些句子习惯上用被动语态
His car was washed away by the flood.
他的车是被洪水冲走的。
House wanted.
房屋求租(省掉了is)
Eileen Gu was born in 2003, in Califolia.
谷爱凌于2003年出生于加利福利亚。
7. 汉语中含有“据说”、“据悉”、“据报道”等作客观说明时。
It was reported that her mother died of SARS.
据说她母亲死于非典。
众所周知… … It is (well/widely) known that …
据信... ... It's beieved that ...
据推测说… … It is supposed that …
据了解 ...... It's understood that ...
attention
(1)不及物动词不能直接用于被动语态。
e.g
The girl will be well cared for.
这个女孩将被很好地照顾。
(2)主动句中的宾语补足语如果是不带to的不定式,如make/see/feel/hear/notice sb. do sth.等,在变被动句时,要加上to。
e.g
They hear a girl sing in the next room.他们听到隔壁房间有个女孩在唱歌。
---A girl was heard to sing in the next room.(by them).
针对练习
单项选择
针对练习
单项选择
针对练习
按要求完成句子
1. People around the world speak English. (改为被动语态)
English by people around the world.
2. The trees are cut by farmers.(改为否定句)
The trees by farmers.
3. We made Gina clean the window.(改为被动语态)
Gina by us clean the window.
4. It was created by Americam scientist in 1997.(改为一般疑问句)
created by Americam scientist in 1997
is
spoken
aren’t
cut
were made
to
Was it
Thank you!