(共47张PPT)
Unit 2 Numbers
Period 3 Grammar
牛津深圳·广州版八年级上册
Learning objectives
1.Knowledge objectives:
① Students can correctly use key words and sentence patterns.
②Students can understand the concepts and expressions of cardinal and ordinal words.
③Students can understand the difference between cardinal numbers and ordinal numbers.
④Learn how to give directions about numbers.
2.Skill objectives:
①Students can master the concepts, pronunciation and writing methods of cardinal numbers and ordinal numbers.
②Students can read articles about numbers and master the expressions of basic operations such as addition,
subtraction, multiplication, division.
③Students can talk about ordinal numbers, cardinal numbers, addition, subtraction, multiplication and division and other
topics with others in English.
④Through role-playing, students can consolidate and use the core vocabulary and sentence patterns learned in this unit.
3.Emotional objectives:
Use various games or activities to cultivate students' strong interest in learning English.
4.Thinking capacity(思维品质)
Cultivate students' ability to analyze problems, develop their logical thinking ability, treat things critically
and dialectically, and express their views reasonably.
How many tickets
Lead in
Ten child tickets and one teacher ticket,please.
十张儿童票和一张老师票。
Ten child tickets and one teacher ticket,please.
十张儿童票和一张老师票。
cardinal numbers
In this sentence “ten” and “one” are cardinal numbers(基数词).
Lead in
一、基数词的概念
表示数量或者数目多少的词叫基数词。它可以在句中作主语，宾语，表语或定语。
比如:one,two,three...ten.
Presentation
plus
[pl s , plu ] prep.
3 plus 9 equals/is 12.
3加9等于12。
Presentation
minus
[ ma n s] prep.
9 minus 3 equals/is 6.
equals
[ i kw lz] v.
Presentation
multiplied
[ m lt pla d] v.
multiplied by
3 multiplied by 9 equals/is 27.
Presentation
divided
[d va d d] v.
divided by
9 divided by 3 equals/is 3.
subtract from
[s b tr kt fr m]
Subtract 5 from 13.
Presentation
Presentation
add ...and
Add 14 and 4 and divide the answer by 2.
Let’s play
plus
multiplied
minus
equals
Let’s play
add ...and
subtract from
divided
Grammar
A Cardinal and ordinal numbers
We use cardinal numbers to count things.
3 three 13 thirteen 20 twenty 70
seventy
11 eleven 15 fifteen 30 thirty 82 eighty-two
12 twelve 18 eighteen 50 fifty 98
ninety-eight
100 one hundred
200 two hundred
375 three hundred and seventy-five
Grammar
1,000 one thousand
4,189 four thousand one hundred and eighty-nine
15,362
fifteen thousand three hundred and sixty-two
100,000
one hundred thousand
285,643
two hundred and eighty- five thousand six hundred and forty-three
Grammar
In the cardinal numbers, we do not add -s to hundred,_________ and _______.
With large numbers, we put _____ between hundred and ten.
1,000,000
one million
3,367,982 three million three hundred and sixty-seven thousand nine
hundred and eighty two
Work out the rule
thousand
million
and
Grammar
游戏规则:
1.请全班分组与小组内同学以问答的形式进行对话。
2.问答中要使用带基数词或序数词的句子描述事物或人。
3.与搭档互换角色，完成对话。
Game time
How old are you？
I'm 16 years old.
可以参考下列句型:
1 How old are you？I'm 16 years old.
2 In which year were you born In 2005/ 2006/2007.
3 What's your telephone number My telephone number is 28927163.
4 How many students in your class There are 42 students in my class .
cardinal numbers
1 2 3 4 5
one two three four five
6 7 8 9 10
six seven eight nine ten
11 12 13 14 15
eleven twelve thirteen fourteen fifteen
16 17 18 19 20
sixteen seventeen eighteen nineteen twenty
Grammar
1. 1-12的英文表达没有规律可循，需要同学们逐个牢记。
2. 13-19的英文表达由“个位数形式+后缀-teen"构成。其中13(thirteen)、15(fifteen)、 18(eighteen)发生拼写变化。
3. 20-99之间的整十的数，由“个位数形式+后缀ty"构成。
其中20( twenty)、30(thirty)、 40(forty)、 50(fifty)、 80(eighty)发生拼写变化。个位数
不为零的两位数，在十位数与个位数基数词中间加连字符“-”。如: 21(twenty-one), 25( twenty-five)，34(thirty-four )。
Grammar
二.基数词的读法和写法:
Grammar
4. 101-999的数字应先说“几百”，再加and,再加后面的数。
375:three hundred and seventy-five
902:nine hundred and two
二.基数词的读法和写法:
5. 1, 000以上的数字应先从后向前数，每三位数加一个逗号或空格，第一个逗号前的数为thousand,第二个逗号前的数为million,第三个逗号前的数为billion。
4,007 :four thousand and seven
402,407: four hundred and two thousand, four hundred and seven
14,002,102:four million two thousand, one hundred and two
Grammar
1. hundreds / thousands / millions of +名词，意为“数以百/千/百万计的......”。Thousands of people were lying on the beach.
数以千计的人正躺在海滩上。
2.具体数字+ hundred / thousand / million,意为......百/千/百万”。
More than a hundred people were hurt.
一百多人受了伤。
基数词的用法如下:
单项选择题
Our hometown is becoming more and more beautiful. _____visitors come here on weekends.
A. Hundred B. Hundreds C. Hundred of D. Hundreds of
D
Grammar
5.整千的数由“个数基数词+ thousand”构成;非整千的四位数，后面的百，十，个位
数的构成如第4点所述。如: 2,138 (two thousand one hundred and thirty-eight) 。
4.整百的数由“个数基数词+hundred”构成;非整百的三位数，在百位数与十位或个位
数中间要用and连接。如: 325(three hundred and twenty- five)，503(five hundred and
three)。
Grammar
6.hundred、thousand、million、 billion的前面一般情况下，既可以用a，也可以用one。
数字前面有exactly,only,just,merely等词修饰时，常用one，不用a。
1000：a/one thousand
例句:The computer costs me exactly one thousand US dollars.
这台电脑花了我一千元整。
Grammar
7.表示具体数目时，hundred, thousand, million等用单数;在表示“数百”、“数千” 等不确定数目时，在hundreds, thousands, millions等后接“of+名词复数”。
5,000:five thousand， 数以百计的:hundreds of。
例句:The mountain is thousands of metres high.
那座山有数千米高。
8. 逢十的基数词的复数形式，可以表示“在......年代; 在某人几十岁时”等。
例句:In the nineties,China developed quickly.
在90年代，中国发展很快。
例句:Bob became famous in his forties.
鲍勃在他40几岁时才出名。
Grammar
Practice
1. About_____ films were shown during the 5th Shanghai International Film Festival.
A. two hundred of B. two hundreds of C. two hundred D. two hundreds
2.Every year,______ people go to visit their factory.
A. a thousand of B. thousands C. thousand of D. thousands of
3.We need ______ students to clean the laboratory.
A. two another B. two others C. more two D. two more
C
D
D
单项选择题
We use ordinal numbers to show the order of things.
1st first 7th seventh 13th thirteenth 19th nineteen
2nd second 8th eighth 14th fourteenth 20th twentieth
3nd third 9th ninth 15th fifteen 21st twenty-first
4th fourth 10th tenth 16th sixteenth 33rd thirty-third
5th fifth 11th eleventh 17th seventeenth 40th fortieth
6th sixth 12th twelfth 18th eighteenth 100th hundredth
We form most ordinal numbers by adding _____to the cardinal numbers. There are exceptions, like first, second and third.
Work out the rule
-th
Grammar
Cardinal and ordinal numbers
The students are standing in a line. They each have a number (from 1 to 28). Fill in the blanks with the cardinal numbers on the left or ordinal numbers on the right.
1 May May is the_________.
____ Alan Alan is the _______ .
3 Danny Danny is the _______.
4 Jane Jane is the ________ .
12 Peter Peter is the_________.
___ Alice Alice is the __________ .
23 Steve Steve is the _____________.
28 Zoe Zoe is the ______________.
first
2
19
third
second
fourth
twelfth
nineteenth
twenty-third
twenty-eighth
Grammar
(一)序数词的定义
在英语中，表示事物的顺序的词叫序数词，表示“第......”的意思。序数词的作用相当于名词或形容词，可作主语、宾语、定语或表语。
He wins the first prize.他获得了第一名。
二、序数词
(二)序数词的构成
“1-3”形式特殊，单独记忆;“4-19”由“基数词+th”构成;整十数的序数词:把词尾“y"改成“i”再加“th”表示“第几十几”:把个位数变为序数词;几百的序数词在hundred词尾直接加th。
基数词 one two three four five
序数词 first second third fourth fifth
基数词 eleven twenty thirty-one six hundred 序数词 eleventh twentieth thirty-first six hundredth Grammar
(三)序数词的用法
1.序数词可用作定语，前面通常要加定冠词the,但是当序数词前有物主代词、名词所有
格等限定词时，定冠词the要省略。
如:Tuesday is the third day of the week.星期二是一周的第三天。
Today is Jo's twelfth birthday.今天是乔的十二岁生日。
2.序数词可用来表示日期。在英语中表达日期时，用“月份+日期+年份"或“日期+月份+年份”，其中日期用序数词表示，年份用基数词表示，并需用逗号把年份与其前面的部分隔开。
如: September 8th, 2015或 8th September, 2015， 读作September (the) eighth two thousand and fifteen或the eighth of September two thousand and fifteen。
Grammar
4.“不定冠词a/an+序数词”，意为“又一， 再一”，表示在原有基础上的增加。
We'll have to do it a second time.我们得重做一次。
Although I have failed four times,I desire to make a forth attempt.尽管我失败了四次，但我还渴望再试一次。
5.用在形容词最高级前，表示“......的”的意义。
The Yellow River is the second longest river in China.黄河是中国第二长的河流。
Mike is the third tallest student in the class.Mike是班上身高第三高的学生。
3. 数词用来明确指明先后顺序或一系列事物按一定的规律排列。
She is always the first to come to school.她总是第一个来教室。
This is the second time that I have been in London.这是我第二次来伦敦。
Grammar
单项选择题
My grandparents live in an old apartment with____ floors and they are on the floor.
A. five; five B. five; fifth C. fifth; fifth D. fifth; five
Cardinal and ordinal numbers
TIP:
基变序有规律，一二三是特例。
结尾字母t、d、d,牢记th从四起。
八去t来九去e, ve变f还有y改ie。
若要表示几十几，只变个位就可以。
B
Grammar
1.数字1-3对应的序数词是特殊形式，需要单独记忆。
2.数字4-19对应的序数词大多是由“基数词加-th”构成。但其中five和twelve要把ve变为f，再加-th; eight只加-h; nine去e再加-th。
3.整十的基数词变序数词时，将基数词的词尾y变成ie,再加-th。
4.表示“几十几”的基数词变序数词时，只将个位数变为序数词，十位数不变，中间要用连字符连接。
5.序数词也可写成阿拉伯数字加上序数词的最后两个字母的缩写形式。
记忆方法：
基变序有规律，一二三是特例。
结尾字母t,d.d,牢记th从四起。
八去(来九去e, ve变f还有y改ie。
若要表示几十儿，只变个位就可以。
总结
Grammar
Exercises
1. January is the ____ month of a year.
A. one B. first C. second D. two
2. It is ____ time that he went to Paris.
A. fourth B. four C. the fourth
3. Leaving the expense aside, do we actually need a ____ car
A. another B. the second C. second
B
C
C
Let's finish the exercises together!
B Instructions about numbers
Add 3 and 9. (3+9)
Subtract 3 from9. (9-3)
Multiply 3 by 9. (3×9)
Divide 9 by 3. (9 + 3)
Table I
3 plus 9 equals/is 12.(3+9-12)
9 minus 3 equals/is 6.(9-3=6)
3 multiplied by 9 equals/is27. (3x9= 27)
9 divided by 3 equals/ie 3.(9+3-3)
Table II
Plus and minus are prepositions.
Things to remember
Grammar
1 S1: A ____11____1.
S2:____ plus ___ equals/is_____. ( )
2 S1: S________5 ______13.
S2:____ m ____ _____equals/is___. ( )
3 S1: M_______7____ 8.
S2:___ m ________ by ___ equals/is____.( )
In pairs, complete the sentences like those in Table
I and Table II.
dd
and
11
1
12
11 +1 =12
ubtract
from
13
inus
5
8
13 - 5 =8
ultiply
by
7
ultiplied
8
56
7 ×8 =56
Grammar
4 S1: D _____ 16____ 4.
S2: ____ d ______ by ___equals/is___ .( )
5 S1:A ___9_____ 6.
S2:___ p ____ ____ equals/is____. ( )
6 S1: A___14 and 4 and d_____ the answer by 2.
S2:____ P____ ___ and d______ the answer by___equals / is___. ( )
In pairs, complete the sentences like those in Table I
and Table II.
ivide
by
16
ivided
4
4
16 ÷4 =4
dd
and
9
lus
6
15
9+6=15
dd
ivide
14
lus
4
ivided
2
9
(14+4)÷2 =9
Grammar
1. “加”用plus、and或add表示; “等于”用is、make、equal等词表示。
2+3= How much is two plus three
2+3=5 Two plus three is five . Two and three is equal to five. Two and three make five.
Two added to three equals five. If we add two to/and three, we get five.
三、加减乘除的表达
2.“减”用minus或take from表示。
10-6= How much is ten minus six
10-6=4 Ten minus six is four. Take six from ten and the r emainder is four.
Six (taken) from ten is four.Take six from ten and the remainder is four.
Six (taken) from ten is four.
Grammar
三、加减乘除的表达
3.“乘”用time (动词)或multiply表示。
3x4= How much is three times four
3x4=12 Three times four is twelve.Multiply three by four, we get twelve.
Three multiplied by four makes twelve.
(2020甘肃天水中考)My grandparents live in an old apartment with ____ floors and they are on the __________ floor.
A. five; five B. five;fifth C. fifth;fifth D. fifth; five
4. “除”用divide的过去分词形式表示。
16÷4= How much is sixteen divided by four
16÷4=4 Sixteen divided by four is/equals/makes four .
B
Grammar
Competition
1.全班分为两个大组,开展加减乘除对抗赛。
2.由一组提出10道关于加减乘除的数学题，
例如:81÷9=？,第二组回答计算结果，算
对一道题得一分。
3.两组角色互换进行有游戏，由第二组提
出10道加减乘除的数学题，第一组回答计
算结果，算对一道题得一分。
4.全班一起核对得分情况，分数高的一组
获胜。
How much is eighty-one divided by nine
eighty-one divided
by nine equals nine.
Let's divide into groups and have a competition!
Summary
基数词
概念
表示数量或者数目多少的词叫基数词。
用法
1.基数词在句中作主语，宾语，表语或定语。
2.基数词用来表示数量多少。
3.基数词用来表示“在......年代; 在某人几十岁时”等。
4.基数词用来表示表示价格。
Summary
5.用在形容词最高级前，表示“第......的”的意义。
序数词
概念
指表示顺序的数词，表示“第......的”意思。
用法
1.序数词可用作定语。
2.序数词用来表示时间中的日。
3.序数词用来明确指明先后顺序或一系列事物按一定的规律排列。
4.表示“又一，再”。
1.“加”用plus、and或add表示; “等于”用is、make、equal等词表示。
加减乘除的表达
2.“减"用minus或take from表示。
Grammar
3.“乘”用time (动词)或multiply表示。
4. “除”用divide的过去分词形式表示。
Summary
1.plus prep.加;和
2.minus prep.减
3.multiplied v.乘;乘以
4.divided adj.v.(使)分开
5.subtract from 减去;从……减去
6.multiplied by 乘以;乘上
7.divided by除以
8.add... and添加......和......
Key words and phrases
Language point
hundred、thousand、 million的用法如下:
In the cardinal numbers, we do not add-s to hundred, thousand and million.在基数词中，我们不在百、千、百万后加"-s"。
hundred、thousand、
million的用法
1.用来表示概数
hundreds/thousands
/millions of
数以百/千/百万计的
2.具体数字+hundred /thousand/million
......百/千/百万
Language point
More than a hundred people were hurt.一百多人受了伤。
The sun was shining. Thousands of people were lying on the beach .
阳光灿烂。数以千计的人正躺在海滩上。
例:(2020四川内江中考)Our hometown is becoming more and more beautiful. _____visitors come here on weekends .
A. Hundred B. Hundreds C. Hundred of D. Hundreds of
D
D
Homework
1.Review the concept and usage of cardinal and ordinal words.
2.Complete the exercises after class.
Exercises
单项填空
1.(2021.辽宁营口)He got ______ birthday cakes on his _______birthday.
A. second; fifteen B. two; fifteen C. second; feenth D. two; fifteenth
2.(甘肃天水中考)_______ of the students in our class ________ going to summer
camp in Beijing next week.
A. Two fifths;is B. Second fifths; are C. Second fifths;is D. Two fifths; are
3.—Can you write the number eighty-five thousand, six hundred and twenty-six
一Yes, it is ________.
A.856, 620 B.85,626 C.58,662 D.58,626
4.一Which month of the year do you like best
一July, the ______ month, because summer vacation begins this month.
A. seven B. six C. seventh D. sixth
5.—How many new words are there in ______ lesson
—There are only______.
A. nine;three B. ninth;three C. the ninth;the three D. the ninth;three
D
D
B
C
D
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