一般现在时、现在进行时、一般过去式和一般将来时复习

课件26张PPT。复习一般现在时 现在进行时 一般过去时一般将来时一般现在时它表示1)经常性、习惯性的动作或存在的状态。
e.g.? I go to school on foot.?
He is very busy now.
2)表示主语的特征、性格、能力、爱好等。
e.g. He can swim.?
I work hard.?
I like watching TV.
3)表示客观真理
e.g. There are seven days in a week.? 　
The moon moves round the earth.一般现在时态中常用的时间状语 其时间状语为often、 usually、 always、 sometimes等频率副词，on Saturdays、 in the morning(afternoon evening)? 、every day 等。? 第一种含be动词的一般现在时态 I am a teacher. She is a student.
She is Miss Li. She is friendly.
We are 14 years old. She is young.
含有be动词的句式变化要在be上做变化. ???? E.g. Danny is a good student. ???? Danny isn’t a good student.? ???? Is Danny a good student?第二种　含有行为动词的一般现在时态其结构通常为，“主语+谓语+其它”
这种情况又分两种，分为
1、主语不是第三人称单数的情况。
２、主语是第三人称单数的情况。　２．主语为非第三人称单数的情况肯定结构　主语＋行为动词＋其它
否定结构　主语＋don’t+行为动词＋其它
一般疑问句结构
　　　　　Do＋主语＋行为动词＋其它？
They have lunch at 12:00.?
They don’t have lunch at 12:00.??
Do they have lunch at 12:00?２．主语为第三人称单数的情况肯定结构　
　主语＋行为动词(三人称单数)＋其它
否定结构　
　主语＋doesn’t+行为动词（原形）＋其它
一般疑问句结构
　Does＋主语＋行为动词（原形）＋其它？
Jenny speaks English very well.?? Jenny doesn’t speak English very well. Does Jenny speak English very well? 主语何时被看成第三人称单数：１、人称代词　he she it
2 、单个人名，地名或称呼
３、可数名词单数或 this/that/the+单个可数名词
４、不定代词以及指示代词this that
5、 不可数名词做主语
６、当数字或字母做主语时，也看作第三人称单数．　主单三，谓单三１、一般加s　sit stand snow rain sleep
Stop book make find run
2、以s ,x ,sh, ch, o结尾的动词加es.
如： wash watch finish guess do go
3 、辅音字母加y结尾的动词先变y为i再加es.如：study carry 谓语动词的三人称单数的变化规则
练习：写出下列动词的三单形式
enjoy stay play stop runhaveSsssshasareis现在进行时1、现在（说话的瞬间）正在进行或发生的动作，强调“此时此刻”。
E.g. He is reading . They are talking now.
2、当前一段时间内的活动或现阶段正在进行的动作。
E.g. They are working these days.
一般由look,listen,now, at this moment等时间状语做标志。其结构:be+现在分词. 肯定结构　　be+doing
否定结构 be not +doing
一般疑问句结构 Be +主语＋其它？
其句式变换都在be上做文章。
E.g. He is buying a bike.
????　 Is he buying a bike?
? 　　He isn’t buying a bike. 动词现在分词的变化规则大多是　动词原型+ing
Reading ,drinking, eating, meeting
thinking
特殊变化:1.以不发音的e结尾，去e加ing
Writing, making
2.重读闭音节要双写结尾的辅音字母加ing
Sitting swimming putting running
请写出下列动词的ing形式注意
play study
swim chat
begin eat
prefer
playingstudyingswimmingchattingbeginningeatingpreferring一般过去时一般过去时主要表示过去某时发生的动作或情况
1）过去某个时间所发生的动作或存在的状态。
e.g. I bought a new shirt yesterday.
He was a worker two years ago.
2）过去一段时间内，经常性或习惯性的动作。
e.g. When I was a child, I often played with fire.?
Li Lei always walked to school last term.
3）谈到已故人的情况时多用过去时。

e.g. Lu Xun was a great writer. 一般过去时态中常用的时间状语：
1、yesterday或由其构成的短语,e.g. yesterday morning;
2、由“last+时间”构成的短语, e.g. last year;
3、由"时间段+ago"构成的短语, e.g. three days ago;
另外,还有on the morning of Monday, just now等 其结构是"主语+动词的过去式"。 第一种　　含有be动词的
I was 22 . We were good friends.
She was young and beautiful.
They were happy at the party.
其句式变化含有be动词的依然在be上做文章.
e.g. I was born in 1980.
? I was not born in 1980.?
Were you born in 1980? 第二种　含有行为动词的肯定结构　
主语＋行为动词（过去式）＋其它
否定结构　
　主语＋didn’t+行为动词（原形）＋其它
一般疑问句结构
　Did＋主语＋行为动词（原形）＋其它？
动词的过去式be动词的过去式为was, were；
行为动词的过去式有规则变化和不规则变化两种，
规则变化有以下几种情况：
1）直接在动词原形末尾加-ed.
e.g. work-----worked; ask------asked;
2）以e结尾的动词只加-d.
e.g. arrive-----arrived; like-----liked.
3)末尾只有一个辅音字母的重读闭音节,应先双写这个辅音字母,再加-ed.
e.g. shop-----shopped; stopped
4)以"辅音字母+y"结尾的动词,先把y变成i,再加-ed. e.g. carry----carried; study------studied.有些动词变过去式是不规则的,e.g. fly------flew; break-----broke; teach-----taught. 这些需要象生单词一样记住.
练习：请写出下列动词的过去形式
put cut read
come go take
swim run begin
do play enjoy
stop
Play enjoy stop putcutreadcamewenttookswamranbegandidplayedenjoyedstopped一般将来时态构成 will+动词原形 和be going to+动词原形
一般将来时I: will +动词原形的用法:表从现在看来将要发生的事或存在的状态。
肯定句：主语+ will+动词原形------
There will be a computer on every desk in the future.
未来每个桌子上都将有一台电脑。
It will rain tomorrow. 明天将要下雨。
We will go to school on foot.
我们将步行去上学。一般疑问句：Will+主语+ 动词原形----- ？回答（Yes, sb will或 No, sb won’t）Will there be a computer on every desk tomorrow? Yes, there will. / No, there won’t.未来每个桌子上都将有一台电脑吗？是的，将有。 / 不，将没有。
Will it rain tomorrow? Yes, it will. / No, it won’t.
明天将会下雨吗？是的, 将会。 / 不, 将不会。
Will we go to school by bus tomorrow? Yes, we will. / No, we won’t.
明天我们将乘公交车去上学吗？ 是的，将会。 / 不，将不会。
否定句：主语+ will not（won’t）+动词原形—
There will not be a computer on every desk in the future.
= There won’t be a computer on every desk in the future.未来每个桌子上都将没有一台电脑
It will not rain tomorrow. It tomorrow. 明天将不会下雨。
We will not go to school by bus. We to school by bus.
我们将不乘公交车去上学。
特殊疑问句：疑问词+一般疑问句？
一般将来时II: is/am /are going to + 动词原形的用法。
1、主要用来表示打算或计划要做某事, 主语是人。如：
She is going to learn Japanese next year.
There is going to be a football match tonight.
Dad and I are going to see Beijing opera this afternoon. 今天下午我和爸爸打算去看京剧。We are going to have a meeting today. 今天我们要开会。??
I’m going to play the violin. 我打算拉小提琴。
She’s going to play the piano. 她打算弹钢琴。2、有迹象要发生的事It’s going to be a fine day tomorrow. 明天将会是个好天。
Look at the sky, it is going to rain. 看天空，要下雨了。
I think it’s going to snow. 我看快要下雪了。
I’m not well today. I am afraid I am going to have a cold.
我今天不舒服，恐怕我要感冒了。
Look at the dark clouds, there is going to be a storm.
看看这些黑云，将有一场暴风雨
注：be going to 中的be动词要随着句子主语的人称或数的变化而变化。
一般将来时的一般疑问形式是: 把be (am, is, are)直接放于句首, some 改为any, and改为or, 第一二人称互换。简略答语中的动词要与主语保持一致。 I am not=I’m not.
一般将来时的否定形式是: be (am, is, are) + not going to + 动词原形
He is going to have a swim tomorrow.
(改为否定句)
→ He is not =(isn’t) going to have a swim tomorrow.
一般将来时态be going to+动词原形的特殊疑问句：
1. 问人 Who…?
I’m going to New York soon. →Who’s going to New York soon?
2. 问干什么 What … do?
My father is going to watch a race with me this afternoon. →What is your father going to do with you this afternoon?
3. 问什么时候 When…?
She’s going to go to bed at nine. →When is she going to bed?
4. 同义句: be going to = will
I am going to go swimming tomorrow(明天). = I will go swimming tomorrow.
在一般将来时中，常常会有表示将来的时间状语: tomorrow, next week, this afternoon等。
语法总结：
be going to, 跟“动原”, 计划、准备或打算;
表可能，有必然，通过现象来判断。
be 的形式要注意，它要随着人称变;
否定句，很简单，not 加在 be 后面;
疑问句，需牢记，be 应提到主语前
Thank you !