【创新方案】高中英语外研版必修三 配套同步课件（全28份）

课件25张PPT。Module 1Section ⅠStep 1Step 2Step 3Step 4Step 51．Have you been to Europe? Which city gives you the
deepest impression?
2．How much do you know about Europe?
Europe attracts visitors from around the world. They come to see its historic landmarks, world-class art museums, and great natural beauty. Peninsulas (半岛) and islands
Europe is considered a separate continent. But it‘s actually a peninsula － a piece of land that juts(突出，伸出) out from a mainland into water. Europe is a giant peninsula sticking west out of Asia, the mainland. Europe has many smaller peninsulas of its own. Greece and Italy are peninsulas. Spain and Portugal share another peninsula called Iberia. In the north, Denmark occupies the small peninsula of Jutland. Sweden and Norway occupy (占据) the larger Scandinavian Peninsula.
Europe also includes many islands, such as Great Britain, Ireland, Sardinia, Corsica, Sicily, and Crete. All of these islands and peninsulas give Europe a long coastline and many harbors, inlets (水湾), and seaports. A crowded continent
Europe is the second smallest of the world's seven continents. Only Australia is even smaller. Europe is about the same size as the United States. Yet it has almost three times as many people.
About 729 million people live in Europe. That makes it the most crowded of all the continents. Europe is divided into more than 40 countries, and Europeans speak more than 60 languages. The rise of Europe
After the Roman Empire began to
break apart in the AD 300s, Europe entered
a period called the Middle Ages. Many small
kingdoms arose to take the place of Roman
rule. Struggles for power between kings and
other nobles frequently broke the peace. Gradually, the power of the kings increased. They built strong kingdoms across Europe, with powerful armies and navies to defend themselves.
Meanwhile, Europeans began questioning their traditional beliefs. They questioned the power of the Catholic (天主教的) Church. Great progress was made in science and arts. In the 1700s and 1800s, Europeans invented new power－driven machines for making goods. Big factories emerged. This was called industrialization. It made Europeans rich and powerful. By the late 20th century, European countries had given up most of their remaining overseas colonies. Yet Europe remains a wealthy and powerful place. Today, as in centuries past, Europe is a world leader in art, science, industry, and learning.Do you know the landmarks‘ names in the pictures? Which country does each of them belong to? Try to fill in the blanks.答案：1.The Eiffel Tower(埃菲尔铁塔)　2.The Parthenon
(帕台农神庙)　3.The Uffizi Palace(乌菲齐美术馆)　4.The Sagrada Familia(圣蒙大教堂)　5.France　6.Italy 7．SpainThis passage is about four great European cities. Can you match each city with its description?
1．Paris　　　 A．It's an Italian city, famous for the
Renaissance.
2．Barcelona B．It's one of the most beautiful cities
in the world, situated on the River Seine.
3．Florence C．It's known as the birthplace of
western civilisation.
4．Athens D．It's famous for the Church of the
Sagrada Familia.
答案：1.B　2.D　3.A　4.CⅠ.Detail information according to question and answer.
1．Q：Where is Paris, the capital and largest city of
France, situated?
A：Paris is situated the River Seine.
2．Q：Why is the Eiffel Tower the most popular place for
tourists?
A：Because the Eiffel Tower is the famous
of Paris.on symbol3．Q：Who designed the Church of the Sagrada Familia?
A：The Church of the Sagrada Familia was
designed by an called Antonio Gaudi.
4．Q：Why is the Italian city Florence famous?
A：Because the city was famous for the
Renaissance, a great movement which
lasted for hundred years.architectartisticthree5．Q：When was Athens the most powerful city of the
world?
A：Athens was the world‘s most powerful city about
thousand hundred years ago.twofourⅡ.Choose the best answer according to the passage.
1．Which of the following is NOT the element to make
Paris famous?
A．The Eiffel Tower.
B．The Louvre.
C．Its restaurants, cafés and theatres.
D．The artists and writers living in Paris.2．Which of the following statements is TRUE about
Barcelona?
A．It is the largest city of Spain.
B．It is the capital city of Spain.
C．The Church of the Sagrada Familia is one of the
most famous sites in the city.
D．The Church of the Sagrada Familia took the
architect over 44 years to finish.3．Florence is famous for many things EXCEPT
________.
A．the Renaissance
B．the landscape of the city
C．many great artists and their works
D．some art galleries, churches and museums4．In which way mentioned in the passage was Athens
different from the other three cities?
A．It is the capital city and the birthplace of the
civilisation.
B．It was the world's most powerful city with a long
history.
C．There are many famous buildings in Athens.
D．Many writers living in Athens have influenced other
writers with their works.5．How many of the four cities are capital cities?
A．One.　　　　　　　　　 B．Two.
C．Three. D．Four.
答案：1.D　2.C　3.B　4.B　5.BFill in the blanks according to the passage.
Paris is the capital and largest city of France, 1.
on the River Seine. The Eiffel Tower is the famous 2. of Paris. The Louvre is also 3. in Paris, which is famous 4. its restaurants, cafés and theatres.situatedsymbollocatedfor Barcelona is the second 5. city of Spain and is situated 6. the northeast coast. The Church of the Sagrada Familia is one of Barcelona's most famous 7.
.
Florence is an 8. city which became famous because of the Renaissance. Each year, about a million tourists come to see the art galleries, churches and museums in Florence.
Athens, the 9. of Greece, is known 10. the birthplace of western civilisation.largestonlandmarksItaliancapitalasWhich European city do you want to travel most? And why?
_________________________________________________
_________________________________________________
参考答案：(1)I would like to go to Paris to visit the Eiffel Tower and the Louvre. You know, Eiffel Tower is the symbol of Paris and the Louvre is one of the world's largest art galleries.
(2)I will choose Athens. Maybe I will know more about the western civilisation there.课件60张PPT。Module 1Section Ⅱ语言点一语言点二语言点三识记·掌握理解·拓展应用·落实识记·掌握理解·拓展应用·落实识记·掌握理解·拓展应用·落实Ⅰ. 词义配对
1．range　　　　　　　　A．山脉
2．sculpture B．古代的
3．face C．雕刻；泥塑
4．landmark D．发源地
5．ancient E．面向；面对
6．birthplace F．标志性建筑
答案：1.A　2.C　3.E　4.F　5.B　6.DⅡ.根据所给词性及汉语释义写出单词
1． prep.横过；穿过→ v．越过；穿越→
n．十字路口
2． adj.坐落(某处)的；位于(某处)的→
n．形势；情形
3． n．象征；符号→ v．作为……的象征
4． adj.位于→ n．位置→ v．确定……
的位置
5． adj.大陆的；大洲的→ n．大陆；大
洲
6． n．文明→ v．使文明across crosscrossingsituatedsituationsymbol symbolizelocatedlocationlocatecontinentalcontinentcivilisationcivilize1．face vt. & vi.面对；面向 n．脸；表面
(一)背诵佳句培养语感
(教材原句)France is Europe's third largest country and faces the United Kingdom across the English Channel.
法国是欧洲的第三大国，越过英吉利海峡与英国隔海相望。
(鲜活例句)We are facing the fact that more and more living things have disappeared off the face of the earth.
我们正面临着这样的事实：越来越多的生物已经从地球表面消失了。[点津]
face属于构词法中的词类转化——名词转化为动词。还记得以前学过的eye，head等类似的词吗？(二)归纳拓展全析考点(1)be faced with　　　　　　　　 面临，面对
face up to 勇敢地面对；承担
(2)face to face 面对面
in (the) face of 面对，在……面前
make a face 做鬼脸 ①She must face up to the fact that she is no longer young.
她必须正视她已不再年轻这一事实。
②He will a variety of problems to solve.
他会面临各种需要解决的问题。
③The burglar turned the corner and found himself face to face with a policeman.
那窃贼转过墙角，发现自己面对面碰上一个警察。be faced with2．across prep.横过；穿过
(一)背诵佳句培养语感
(鲜活例句)There is a bridge across the river.
有一座桥横跨河上。
(二)明辨易混失误防范
比较　across, through, over用across, through和over填空
①The sunlight came in the windows in the roof and lit up the whole room.
②The cat jumped the fence and caught the mouse.
③I ran an old friend of mine yesterday, whom I hadn't seen for ages.
④The Great Wall winds its way from west to east,
the deserts, the mountains, the valleys, till at last it reaches the sea.through over acrossacrossoverthrough3．range n．山脉；范围；射程 v．在……内变动/变化(一)背诵佳句培养语感
(教材原句)Between Italy and France, there is a mountain range called the Alps.
在意大利与法国之间是阿尔卑斯山。
(鲜活例句)His theory was beyond the range of human understanding at that time.
他的理论在当时超越人类理解的范围。(二)归纳拓展全析考点(1)range from ...to ...　　　 在……范围内变化
range ...in rows 把……排成排
(2)mountain range 山脉
in/within range (of sth.) 在射程以内；在……范围内
beyond/out of range (of sth.) 在射程以外；在……范围外①The price of the house is well beyond our range.
这所房子的价格远远超出我们能承受的范围。
②The prices of the dolls $5 $100.
那些布娃娃的价格从5美元到100美元不等。range fromto4. situated adj.坐落(某处)的；位于(某处)的
(一)背诵佳句培养语感
(教材原句)Paris is the capital and largest city of France, situated on the River Seine.
巴黎是法国的首都，也是法国最大的城市，坐落于塞纳河畔。
(鲜活例句)The school is situated in the heart of the city.
这所学校位于城市的中心。(二)归纳拓展全析考点(1)be situated in/on/at 坐落于/位于……
(2)situate vt. 使位于；使处于
(3)situation n. 情形；境遇；(建筑物等的)位置①The school is situated on the edge of the city.
这所学校坐落于城市的边上。
②My hometown southern Shandong Province.
我的家乡位于山东省南部。
③The council are trying to decide where to situate the new hospital.
市议会正设法确定新医院的修建地点。is situated in5. symbol n．符号；标志；象征
(一)背诵佳句培养语感
(教材原句)The most popular place for tourists is the Eiffel Tower, the famous symbol of Paris.
最受游客欢迎的地方就是埃菲尔铁塔，这是巴黎的著名标志。
(鲜活例句)In this picture, the tree is the symbol of life and the snake is the symbol of evil.
在这幅画中，树是生命的象征，蛇是邪恶的象征。(二)明辨易混失误防范
比较　symbol, mark, sign, signal用symbol, mark, sign和signal填空
①Cao Chong cut a on the side of the boat.
②She made a for me to come on.
③We use x as the for an unknown quantity.
④A red light is usually a of danger.marksignsymbolsignalⅠ.选词填空birthplace， architect， ancient， symbol， range1．A study shows the safe driving speed from 60
km to 80 km per hour.
2．The national flag is generally considered as the
of a nation, representing the supreme honor.rangessymbol3．His father is an and he is always busy
designing buildings.
4．Vienna is known as the of classical music and
Waltz.
5．Some of the traditions are passed from
generation to generation.architectbirthplaceancientⅡ.单项填空
1．He suddenly saw Sue ________ the room. He pushed his
way ________ the crowd of people to get to her.
A．across; over　　　　　　　　 B．over; through
C．over; into D．across; through
解析： 　句意：他突然看见Sue走过房间。他急忙穿过人群去找她。Across表示从物体表面“穿过”；through表示从物体中间“穿过”。选D　2．London is a most beautiful city, ________ the River
Thames.
A．located in B．lied on
C．situated on D．stood in
解析： 　句意：伦敦是一个非常美丽的城市，它位于泰晤士河上。由结构可知，空格处应填非谓语动词，排除B、D两项；城市位于河流的两岸，应用介词on。选C　3．The prices of houses ________ from 200,000 to 300,000
pounds in the suburb of London during this winter.
A．changed B．ranged
C．separated D．differed
解析： 　考查动词辨析。句意：今年冬季，伦敦郊区的房价在20万到30万英镑之间变化。range from ...to ...“在……范围内变化”。选B4．The peach is a(n) ________ of long life in China and is
seen very often at birthday parties.
A．sign B．feature
C．mark D．symbol
解析： 　考查名词辨析。句意：在中国桃是长寿的象征，常出现在生日聚会上。symbol“象征；符号”，符合题意。sign“迹象，标记”；feature“特点”；mark“记号，标记”，均不符合题意。选D　5．________ the global financial crisis, the Chinese
government has taken many measures ________ people's life to deal with it.
A．Facing with; related B．Faced; relating to
C．Faced with; relating D．Facing; related to
解析： 　句意：面临全球性金融危机，中国政府采取了很多与民生相关的措施来应对它。表示“面对”时，用faced with或facing皆可；第二个空只能用related to，表示“与……有关”。选D1．look 　　　　　　　　 看起来像
2． the coast (of) 在(……的)近海
3．be covered 被……覆盖着
4．be famous 因……而著名
5．be known ... 作为……而出名/闻名
6．work 从事
7． all time 有史以来
8．ever 自从……以来
9．make ...out 由……制成……
10．be popular 受……的欢迎likeoffby/withforasonofsinceof with1．work on 继续工作；影响；研究(制)；激起(发)；努力
说服
(一)背诵佳句培养语感
(教材原句)Gaudi worked on the project from 1882 until his death in 1926.
高迪从1882年就开始这座教堂的设计工作一直到1926年他去世。(鲜活例句)There are always new problems for chemists to work on.
总是有新问题供化学工作者研究。
(鲜活例句)My parents spent the weekend working on me to go on holiday with them.
我父母用了一个周末来说服我和他们一起去度假。(二)归纳拓展全析考点work at　　　　　　 致力于
work out 设计出；解决；算出；做出
out of work 失业①Jane's English isn't very good, but she works at it.
珍妮的英语不太好，但她学习很用功。
②This math problem is too difficult. I can't .
这道数学题太难，我算不出来。work it out2．because of因为；由于
(教材原句)Florence is an Italian city which became famous because of the Renaissance ...
佛罗伦萨是意大利的一座城市，因文艺复兴运动而闻名……
(鲜活例句)Because of the warm and sunny weather, oranges grow very well here.
因为这里气候温暖，阳光充足，桔子长得很好。
[点津]
(1)because of是复合介词，其后接名词、动名词、what从句等；而because是连词，其后接从句。(2)表示原因的常用短语还有 as a result of, owing to, due to, thanks to等。
①We said nothing about it, because of his wife's being there.
因为他妻子在那儿，我们对此只字未提。
②I didn't buy the iPhone 4S it was too expensive.
我没有买iPhone 4S，因为它太贵了。
③As a result of my hard work, I got full marks in the math contest yesterday.
由于努力学习，昨天的数学竞赛我得了满分。
④Most of the problems were due to human error.
多数问题都是人为错误造成的。because3．be known as 作为……而出名/闻名
(一)背诵佳句培养语感
(教材原句)Athens, the capital of Greece, is known as the birthplace of western civilisation.
雅典是希腊的首都，作为西方文明的发源地而闻名于世。
(鲜活例句)Han Han is known as a successful young writer.
韩寒是一位知名的年轻作家。(二)归纳拓展全析考点be famous as ...　　　　　　　　 作为……而出名
be well-known/famous for ... 因……而出名
It is known to all that ... 众所周知……①Guilin is famous for its beautiful scenery.
桂林以风景优美而出名。
② He Jiong is a famous TV host.
众所周知，何炅是一位著名的电视节目主持人。It is known to all thatⅠ.完成句子
1．汤姆因大雨而上课迟到。
Tom was late for the lesson the heavy rain.
2．李先生看起来是一个诚实的人。
Mr. Li an honest man.
3．学生们正在做一道数学难题。
The students are a difficult problem in
mathematics.because of looks likeworking on4．将军设计出了新的进攻方案。
The general a new plan of attack.
5．李宁以中国最富有的运动员而出名。
Li Ning the richest athlete in China.worked outis known asⅡ.单项填空
1．It's known ________ us all that in China Suzhou and
Hangzhou are known ________ “paradise on earth (人间天堂) ”．
A．by; for B．to; for
C．for; as D．to; as
解析： 　考查介词。be known to ...意为“被……所知”；It‘s known to us all ...“众所周知……”； be known as “作为……而出名”。选D2．Many students make great progress in listening
________ the large amount of time devoted to it.
A．because of B．instead of
C．in case of D．in spite of
解析： 　考查介词短语辨析。句意：很多学生在听力方面取得了很大的进步，因为他们在这方面投入了很多时间。because of“因为，由于”，后接名词(短语)，在句中作原因状语。instead of“而不是”；in case of“如果，假使”；in spite of“不顾，不管”。选A　3．—________？
—He's about your height, sort of heavy, with blue eyes.
A．What does he like
B．How does he look
C．What does he look like
D．How is he
解析： 　由答语“他和你的身高大概一样，有点偏重，还有一双蓝眼睛”可知，问句询问的是长相。选C4．The mountain ________ snow all the year round.
A．covers with B．is covered with
C．covers by D．has covered by
解析： 　句意：这座山终年被雪覆盖着。be covered with/by ...“被……所覆盖”。选B5．He has been working ________ the homework, but
some problems are really difficult to work________.
A．on; at B．out; on
C．on; out D．at; on
解析： 　句意：他一直在做作业，但一些难题实在难解。work on“从事”，其宾语是work的具体对象；另外，work on也有继续工作、影响或说服之意；work out“制订；耗尽；解决”。选C1．[句型展示]　Italy is in_the_south_of Europe on the
coast of the Mediterranean Sea.
意大利位于欧洲南部的地中海沿岸。
[典例背诵]　Qingdao, which is located at the southern tip of the Shandong Peninsula, is a key economic center and port city in China.
位于山东半岛南端的青岛是中国的一个主要经济中心和港口城市。2．[句型展示]　Between_France_and_Spain_is another
mountain range － the Pyrenees.
法国和西班牙之间有另一座山脉，即比利牛斯山脉。
[典例背诵]　Along the road are thick and tall trees, some of them with a history of nearly 100 years.
沿途全是参天大树，其中一些有近百年的历史。3. [句型展示]　Paris is the capital and largest city of
France, situated_on_the_River_Seine.
巴黎是法国的首都，也是法国最大的城市，坐落在塞纳河畔。
[典例背诵]　The Olympic Games, first held in 776 B．C., did not include women competitors until 1912.
公元前776年举办的第一届奥运会没有女子运动员，这种情况直到1912年才有所改变。4. [句型展示]　About two-thirds of France's artists and
writers live in Paris.
大约三分之二的法国艺术家和作家居住在巴黎。
[典例背诵]　Two-thirds of the students agree to hold an evening party for the teacher's birthday.
三分之二的学生同意为老师的生日举行一个晚会。1．Italy is in_the_south_of Europe on the coast of the
Mediterranean Sea.
意大利位于欧洲南部的地中海沿岸。
in the south of在……南部。根据位置关系，介词也可用to或on。[点津]
表示方位时，介词in表示在某个区域之内；on表示“与……接壤”和“沿……”的意义；to表示在某个区域之外。2. Between France and Spain is another mountain range
— the Pyrenees.
法国和西班牙之间有另一座山脉，即比利牛斯山脉。
这是一个全部倒装的句子，其自然语序是：Another mountain range — the Pyrenees is between France and Spain.
所谓全部倒装，就是将谓语动词置于主语前。全部倒装一般有以下四种情况：(1)当表语和地点状语(多为介词短语)置于句首时，谓语动
词常置于主语前，构成全部倒装。
①In the sky appeared a rainbow.
天空中出现了彩虹。
②They finally managed to climb to the top, but down the hill then.
他们最后终于成功登到顶部，但是随后这些孩子却又下山去了。went the children(2)由副词here, there, now, then, in, out, up, down, away,
off, over等开头的句子，谓语动词是be, come, go等时，句子用全部倒装。主语是代词则不用倒装。
③Here comes the bus.
汽车来了。
④There .
铃响了。goes the bell3．About two-thirds of France's artists and writers live in
Paris.
大约三分之二的法国艺术家和作家居住在巴黎。
(1)分数的基本表达法：用基数词和序数词合成表示。用
基数词作分子，序数词作分母。分子大于1时，分母要用序数词的复数形式。
1/3：one third或a third；3/5：three fifths；1/2：one/a half；1/4：one/a quarter或one fourth；3/4：three quarters或three fourths(2)“分数＋of＋名词(代词)”作主语时，谓语动词的单复数
形式取决于of后的名词或代词的单复数形式。
①Four-fifths of the area in the city is covered by trees and grass.
这座城市的五分之四的地面是由绿树和草地覆盖的。
②Nine-tenths of the workers on the building site
from the countryside.
这个建筑工地上十分之九的工人来自农村。are/come完成句子
1．地球表面的四分之三被水覆盖着。
covered
with water.
2．台湾位于福建的东南。
Taiwan is Fujian.
3．山东与江苏北部毗邻。
Shandong is Jiangsu.Three-quarters of the earth's surface isto the southeast ofon the north of4．演讲者坐在演讲大厅的前面。
the speaker.
5．城市南边有一家大型钢厂。
a big steel factory.In front of the lecture hall satSouth of the city lies课件52张PPT。Module 1Section Ⅲ语言点一语言点二语言点三识记·掌握理解·拓展应用·落实识记·掌握理解·拓展应用·落实识记·掌握理解·拓展应用·落实语篇理解Ⅰ.True (T) or False (F)．
1．The countries of the European Union are independent
but are governed by the European Parliament. ( )
2．The idea of the European Union began in 1950. ( )
3．The European Union now has a population twice as big
as the population of the United States. ( )TFFⅡ.Choose the best answer according to the passage.
1．Which of the following is RIGHT about the European
Union?
A．An organisation of different cities.
B．An independent country governed by the queen.
C．An organisation of European countries.
2．Which of the following countries doesn't belong to the
first members of the European Union?
A．France.　　　　B．Lebanon.　　　　C．Belgium.3．How many members are there in the European Union
in the year 2000?
A．9. B．15. C．6.
4．What's the population of the United States?
A．0.5 billion. B．0.25 billion. C．1 billion.
答案：1.C　2.B　3.B　4.BⅠ.词义配对
1．opposite　　　　　　　　 A．产品；农产品
2．agreement B．签署
3．govern C．在……对面
4．feature D．协议；契约
5．produce E．特点
6．sign F．统治；治理
答案：1.C　2.D　3.F　4.E　5.A　6.BⅡ.根据英文释义写出单词
1． (adv.) used to ask in what general area
something or someone is
2． (n.) a leader or person in charge of a group or
organization
3． (n.) someone who has been chosen to
speak, vote, or make decisions for someone else
4． (n.) a large area of a country or of the world,
usually without exact limits
5． (adj.) relating to geographywhereaboutsheadrepresentativeregiongeographical1．opposite prep.在……对面adj.相反的n.相反的事物;对
立的人(或物) adv.在对面
(一)背诵佳句培养语感
(鲜活例句)Put a tick opposite the answer that you think is correct.
在你认为正确的答案旁作记号。
(鲜活例句)The people who live opposite are always making a lot of noise.
住在对面的那些人老是弄出很多噪音。(鲜活例句)She turned and walked in the opposite direction.
她转身朝反方向走去。
(鲜活例句)Love and hate are opposites.
爱和恨是相反的事物。(二)归纳拓展全析考点be opposite to　　　　　　在……对面；与……相反
just the opposite 恰恰相反①She didn't make a mistake — just the opposite, what she did was right.
她没有犯错误，恰恰相反，她所做的是正确的。
②He recognized my voice and then took a seat
me.
他听出了我的声音，随后便在我对面坐下。opposite to2．sign v. 签署；签名；做手势 n. 符号；手势；标牌；迹象(一)背诵佳句培养语感
(教材原句)France and Germany aren't going to sign the agreement.
法国与德国不打算签这个协议。
(鲜活例句)The artist signed his name in the corner of the painting.
画家在画的角上署了名。(鲜活例句)He signed to me to be quiet.
他做手势让我安静。
(鲜活例句)There are signs that the situation is improving.
有迹象表明情况在好转。(二)归纳拓展全析考点sign in　　　　　　　　　　　　 签到
sign out 签名登记离开When you get to the office you have to sign in in this book and when you leave you have to sign out again.
当你到达办公室时，你要在这个本子上签到，离开时，你要在此再签退。3. agreement n. [U] (意见等)一致；赞成，同意；[C] 协议，
协定；合同，契约
(一)背诵佳句培养语感
(鲜活例句)The agreement was signed on 24 March.
协议是3月24日签订的。(二)归纳拓展全析考点in agreement with　　　　　　　同意，与……一致
make/arrive at/come to/reach an agreement with
与……达成协议
sign an agreement 签订协议①We made/arrived at/came to/reached an agreement with them on this matter.
在这个问题上，我们与他们达成了协议。
②I'm quite what he said.
我十分同意他所说的话。in agreement withⅠ.单词拼写
1．The citizens are very thankful that they are not
(统治) by a cruel ruler.
2．The twenty-six countries (签署) an agreement to
cut air pollution.
3．We finally came to an (协议): I would cook
and Ann would clean.
4．The Trade Union will meet with (代表)
from industry and the government.
5．The hospital has an ideal (地理的)
location.governedsignedagreementrepresentativesgeographicalⅡ.单项填空
1．The headmaster can ________ the school well.
A．control　　　　　　　　　　B．govern
C．rule D．government
解析： 　govern指靠权力、专制或按宪法系统地管理、统治等，常指需要知识和判断能力来治理和管理的意味。选B2．In some cultures, the colour white is regarded as a
________ of purity.
A．sign B．signature
C．symbol D．signal
解析： 　考查名词词义辨析。sign“符号”；signature“签名”；symbol“象征”；signal“信号”。a symbol of purity“纯洁的象征”。所以C项正确。选C3．The three sides reached an ________ to stop the war.
A．addition B．agreement
C．appointment D．ambition
解析： 　句意：三方达成了协议来停止战争。考查名词词义辨析。addition“加，附加物”；agreement“协议”；appointment“约定，任命”；ambition“抱负”。选B4．There is a fine little café ________ this house. Cross the
street and you'll be there.
A．on the contrary of
B．opposite to
C．in front of
D．opposite from
解析： 由后半句就知道这家咖啡馆与这房子是相对着的，而固定搭配opposite to表示“在……的对过(对面)；与……相对”。选B　5．The town's main ________ are its beautiful mosque and
ancient marketplace.
A．interest B．features
C．interests D．blocks
解析： 　句意：这座城市的主要特色是它那美丽的清真寺和历史悠久的集市。feature“特点，特色”，符合题意。interest“兴趣，爱好”；block“街区”。选B1．refer 　　　　　　　　　提到；参考
2．in terms 据……；依照……
3．compare ... ... 把……与……相比较
4． the other hand 另一方面；反过来说
5．have control 对……有控制权
6．little little 一点点地；逐渐地
7．belong 属于
8． the left/right 在左/右边toofwithonoverbytoon1．in terms of据……；依照……
(一)背诵佳句培养语感
(教材原句)In terms of size and population, how big is the European Union compared with China?
与中国相比，在大小和人口方面，欧洲联盟有多大？
(鲜活例句)In terms of money they're quite rich, but not in terms of happiness.
就钱而论，他们很富有，但就幸福而言则不然。(二)归纳拓展全析考点in the long term　　　　　 从长远观点来看
in the short term 就眼前来说
keep on good (friendly)/bad terms with sb.
与某人保持良好(友好)关系/关
系不好①She's always trying to keep terms with her neighbors.
她总是设法与邻居保持友好。
② we will lose money, but
we will make a profit.
短期内我们会亏损，但从长远看我们会盈利的。In the short termin the long term2．compared with/to与……相比较(常在句中作状语)
(一)背诵佳句培养语感
(鲜活例句)Compared with/to 40 years ago, standards in health have improved greatly.
与40年前相比，健康保健标准已大大提高。
[点津]
compared with ...和compared to ...二者都可用作状语，意义基本相同，可互换。(二)归纳拓展全析考点compare A with B　　　　　 把A与B相比较
compare A to B 把A比作B
beyond compare 无与伦比的，无可比拟的①This view is beyond compare.
这景色无与伦比。
②I the copy the original, but there was not much difference.
我比较了复印件和原件，但是差别不是很大。comparedwith3．belong to属于
(教材原句)How many countries belong to it now?
现在有多少国家属于欧洲联盟？
(鲜活例句)All the goods here belong to the school.
这里所有的物品都属于学校。
(鲜活例句)The film belongs to a rich comic tradition.
这部电影带着浓厚的传统喜剧特色。[点津]
(1)belong to中的to是介词，后面跟名词、代词、从句等。
(2)当belong to的形式作定语时，要用belonging to。
(3)belong to不能用于被动语态与进行时态。
The iPhone 4S belonging to my deskmate was lost yesterday.
我同桌的iPhone 4S昨天丢了。Ⅰ.选词填空in terms of， compared with， on the other hand， belong to， little by littl1．I'd like to eat out but ,I should be
trying to save money.
2．I had three hot dogs yesterday, and
money, I spent $12.on the other handin terms of3．After the accident, she could not even move her body
.
4． April, food prices dropped by 0.3
percent in May.
5．The car me is broken, which makes me
depressed.little by littleCompared with belonging toⅡ.单项填空
1．________ theory, your idea about how to protect wild
animals sounds reasonable, but it won't work in practice.
A．In front of　　　　　　　　B．Referring to
C．Pointing to D．In terms of
解析： 　本题考查词义辨析。in front of“在……前面”；refer to“提及，参考”；point to“指向，指出”；in terms of“就……而言”。选D2．________ the book ________ last week, this one is more
interesting.
A．Comparing to; bought
B．Compared with; bought
C．Compared with; which bought
D．Compared to; buying解析： 　前半句可转换为：If this one is compared with/ to，compare与逻辑主语this one之间存在被动关系，故须用过去分词，首先可排除A项。compare with/ to表示“和……相比”。第二空逻辑主语the book与buy之间也为被动关系，故可用过去分词bought或定语从句which was bought作定语。选B3．On the one hand, I don't like the style; ________， I
don't have enough money with me.
A．on the other hand
B．on the second hand
C．in other words
D．as a result
解析： 　one the one hand ...on the other (hand)意为“一方面……另一方面……”。选A4．Tigers ________ flesh-eating animals ________ meat.
A．belonged to; feed on
B．belonging to; feed on
C．were belonged to; feed on
D．belonging to; feeding on
解析： belong to作定语应用-ing形式，表示主动关系。第二空缺少谓语动词，故不可用feeding on。选B　1．[句型展示]　But each of them sends representatives to
the European Parliament, which has some control over what_happens_in_each_of_the_member_countries.
但是每个国家都派遣代表去欧洲议会，该议会对每个成员国所发生的事情都有一定的控制力。
[典例背诵]　I'm really surprised at what Jeremy Shu-How Lin performed in the recent games.
对于林书豪在最近比赛中的表现，我真的很惊讶。2．[句型展示]　The expanded European Union has a
population of more than half a billion people, twice_as_big_as the population of the United States.
扩大了的欧盟拥有五亿多人口，该人口是美国人口的两倍。
[典例背诵]　Li Ming's mobile phone looked just the same as Zhang Hua's, but it cost twice as much as his.
李明的手机看起来和张华的一样，但价格是他的两倍。1．But each of them sends representatives to the European
Parliament, which has some control over what_happens_in_each_of_the_member_countries.
但是每个国家都派遣代表去欧洲议会，该议会对每个成员国所发生的事情都有一定的控制力。
what happens in each of the member countries是what引导的名词性从句，作介词over的宾语。
what引导名词性从句的情况具体归纳如下：(1)what引导主语从句
①What really matters is that she wore a pair of white shoes.
真正麻烦的是她穿了一双白鞋。(what在从句中作主语)
(2)what引导宾语从句
②People were perhaps more honest a long time ago when life was very different from what it is today.
很久以前当生活与现在的生活完全不同时，人们或许更诚实。(what在从句中作表语)(3)what引导表语从句
③That is what I want to tell you.
那就是我想告诉你的事儿。(what在从句中作宾语)2．The expanded European Union has a population of
more than half a billion people, twice_as_big_as the population of the United States.
扩大了的欧盟拥有15亿多人口，该人口是美国人口的两倍。
本句中的twice as big as the population of the United States是一种倍数表达方式。常见的倍数表达方式有：(1)．.. times ＋ as ＋ adj./ adv.的原级 ＋ as ...
①The new building is three times as tall as the old one.
这幢新楼是旧楼的3倍高。
(2)．.. times ＋ adj./ adv.的比较级 ＋ than ...
②The new building is the old one.
这幢新楼是旧楼的3倍高。three times taller than(3) ...times ＋ the ＋ 性质名词 (size / length / width /
height / depth ...) ＋ of ...
③The new building is the old one.
这幢新楼是旧楼的3倍高。
[点津]
表示倍数尺寸时，一倍用once，两倍用twice/double，三倍以上用“基数词＋times”。
④China is almost twice/double the size of Mexico in area.
在面积上中国是墨西哥的两倍大。three times the height of翻译句子
1．这房间的面积是那间的两倍。(倍数表达法)
①
②
③ This room is twice as big as that one.This room is twice bigger than that one.This room is twice the size of that one.2．我们所需要的是更多的时间。 (what引导从句)

3．这个小女孩不再是过去的样子了。 (what引导从句)

4．北京这时的天气是什么样的？(What's ...like？)

5．武汉位于长江沿岸，从面积上讲，是中国第六大城市。
(the＋序数词＋最高级＋名词)

What we need is more time.The little girl is no longer what she used to be.What's the weather like in Beijing at the moment?Located on the coast of the Yangtze River, Wuhanis the sixth largest city in China in terms of area.课件58张PPT。Module 1Section Ⅳ语法讲座写作讲座考点精析专题练习佳作观摩技法指导专题练习被动语态和主谓一致一、一般现在时和一般过去时的被动语态
1．被动语态的构成
英语中的语态分为主动语态和被动语态两种。主动语态表示主语是谓语动作的执行者，而被动语态表示主语是谓语动作的承受者。被动语态的基本结构是“be＋过去分词”。2．一般现在时和一般过去时的被动语态
(1)一般现在时的被动语态的基本结构是：动作的承受者＋
is/am/are＋过去分词(＋by＋动作的执行者)。
I am often told to be careful by my mother.
妈妈经常告诉我要小心。(2)一般过去时的被动语态的基本结构是：动作的承受者＋
was/were＋过去分词(＋by＋动作的执行者)。
The boy was hit by a car yesterday.
这个男孩昨天被车撞了。
The chairs were repaired yesterday morning.
这些椅子昨天上午修过了。
[点津]
短语动词转变为被动语态时，不可把动词后的介词或副词漏掉。
This kind of flower should be taken good care of.(of不可漏掉)
这种花应该被照顾好。[考题印证1]
1－1(2012·天津高考)The letters for the boss ________ on
his desk but he didn't read them until three days later.
A．were put　　　　　　　　B．was put
C．put D．has put
解析： 　考查动词的时态和语态。句意：给老板的信放在他的办公桌上，但是直到三天后老板才读这些信件。根据句中“didn‘t read them”可知放信的动作发生在过去，且put与letters之间是逻辑上的动宾关系，因此A项正确。选A1－2(2012·辽宁高考)Mum, I was wondering if you could
lend me a few dollars until I ________ on Friday.
A．get paid B．got paid
C．have paid D．had been paid
解析： 　考查动词的时态和语态。在时间状语从句中用一般现在时表将来，且I与pay之间是动宾关系，所以选A。选A3．主动形式表示被动意义
(1)有些动词形式上是主动结构，但意思却是被动的。这
类动词有wash，write，sell，wear等。，另外，连系动词smell，taste，feel，prove等也常用主动形式表示被动含义。
The cloth washes well.
这块布很好洗。
The cloth feels soft.
这块布摸起来很柔软。[考题印证2]
　(2010·重庆高考)The palace caught fire three times in the
last century, and little of the original building ________ now.
A．remains B．is remained
C．is remaining D．has been remained
解析： 　考查动词。remain是不及物动词，故没有被动语态，排除B、D两项，表示“存在”意义的状态性动词一般不用于进行时，所以此处用一般现在时。选A(2)表示发生、爆发和传播等的不及物动词，如happen，take
place，occur，break out，burst out，spread等，常用主动形式表示被动意义。
The news that Zhu Zhiwen would give a show spread quickly.
朱之文要来演出的消息传得很快。
二、主谓一致
主谓一致是指句子的谓语动词与其主语在数上必须保持一致。英语中的主谓一致主要遵循意义一致、就近一致和语法一致三个原则。1．意义一致
(1)由and连接的两个单数名词指同一个人或同一事物时，
谓语动词用单数。如：bread and butter黄油面包，knife and fork刀叉。
The singer and dancer is coming for a visit.
那位歌唱家兼舞蹈家要来参观。
The poet and writer is very popular with us.
那位诗人兼作家很受我们的欢迎。(2)形复意单的名词，如news，
maths，politics，physics，works，means，the United States等,作主语时，谓语动词用单数 。
This news is quite shocking.
这则消息令人十分震惊。
Politics is the subject which she is most interested in.
政治是她最感兴趣的学科。
(3)“the＋形容词/分词”表示一类人，如the rich，the young，
the living等,作主语时，谓语动词用复数。
The sick have been cured and the lost have been found.
病人已被治疗，失踪者已被找到。(4)family，class，team，government等集体名词如果强调
整体，谓语动词用单数；如果强调个体，谓语动词用复数。
The family has settled in Canada.
这家人已定居加拿大。
His family are all important persons.
他的家人都是些重要人物。
(5)表示时间、距离、金钱、重量等的复数名词作主语时，谓
语动词一般用单数形式。
Two days isn't enough for me to finish the work.I need a third day.
对我来说完成这项工作两天是不够的，我还需要一天。(6)“分数/百分数＋of短语”作主语时，根据of后的名词的
数确定谓语的单复数形式。
Two-thirds of the trees have been cut down.
三分之二的树木被砍掉了。
Two-thirds of the soup has been eaten.
三分之二的汤被喝掉了。[考题印证3]
　(2011·湖南高考)One-third of the country ________
covered with trees and the majority of the citizens ________black people.
A．is; are B．is; is
C．are; are D．are; is
解析： 　考查主谓一致。在第一空中，one-third of the country 指“一个国家的三分之一”， 后面的谓语动词应用单数形式。在第二空中，the majority 后面的citizens 为复数意义，故谓语动词用复数形式。 句意：这个国家的三分之一被树覆盖，而且大多数公民是黑人。选A(7)“all，any，enough，half，more，most，the rest，part，
some等＋of短语”作主语时，谓语动词根据of后所接名词的单复数形式而定。
The rest of the students are in the classroom.
其余的学生都在教室里。
The rest of the water is for you.
剩下的水是给你的。[考题印证4]
　(2011·安徽高考)The factory used 65 percent of the raw
materials, the rest of which ______ saved for other purposes.
A．is 　　　　 B．are 　　　
C．was 　　　 D．were
解析： 　考查主谓一致和时态。句意：这家工厂使用了65%的原材料，其余的节省下来以作他用。后半句中的 the rest of which 中的which 指的是raw materials, 所以谓语动词用复数，再结合前半句中的时态可判断D项正确。选D2．就近一致
(1)由or，either ...or，neither ...nor或not only ...but also连
接的并列主语，通常遵循就近一致原则，即谓语动词的单复数形式根据靠近它的主语而定。
Neither his parents nor he himself is a bank clerk.
他父母和他都不是银行职员。
Not only Jack but also his parents are coming to see you.
不仅是杰克，他父母也要来看你。(2)here，there引导的句子，若有并列主语，谓语也与最
近的主语一致。
There is a pen and two pencils on the desk.
桌子上有一支钢笔和两支铅笔。
There are many routes from China to Europe.
从中国到欧洲有许多条路线可走。3．语法一致
(1)当主语是由and，both ...and连接的并列结构时，谓语
动词用复数；但由and连接的并列主语前面分别有every，each，no修饰时，谓语动词用单数形式。
Both you and she have a good chance of getting the job.
你和她都很有机会得到那份工作。
Every/Each boy and every/each girl was given a dictionary.
每个男孩和女孩都得到了一本字典。(2)主语后面接说明主语的修饰语，如with, along with,
together with, as well as, like, rather than, but, except, besides, including, in addition to等时，谓语动词与主语保持一致。
Tobacco is taxed in most countries, along with alcohol.
除酒之外，烟草在多数国家都要征税。
He as well as his brothers is coming to see you.
他和他的兄弟们将要来看你。[考题印证5]
　(2012·陕西高考)The basketball coach, as well as his
team, ________ interviewed shortly after the match for their outstanding performance.
A．were B．was
C．is D．are
解析： 　考查时态和主谓一致。句意：由于杰出的表现，在比赛之后不久，篮球教练和他的队员接受了采访。as well as, along with, together with等短语连接两个主语时，谓语动词与前面的主语保持一致。故此处用单数谓语动词，排除A、D两项。根据语境判断，此处表示过去的事情，故选B。选B(3)非谓语动词或从句作主语时，谓语动词一般用单数形式。
Whether he will come is doubtful.
他是否会来还不知道。[考题印证6]
　(2012·湖南高考)All the scientific evidence ________ that
increasing use of chemicals in farming ________ damaging our health.
A．show; are B．shows; are
C．show; is D．shows; is
解析： 考查主谓一致。句意：所有的科学证据都显示化肥在农业领域日益增长的使用正在破坏我们的健康。第一空主语是evidence，所以用单数；第二空主语是use，所以也用单数。选D。(4)“many a/more than one＋单数名词”作主语时，谓语动
词用单数形式。
More than one student has finished his work.
不止一个学生完成了作业。
(5)none作主语时，谓语动词可用单数，也可用复数；但代
表不可数的东西时总是看作单数，因而谓语动词用单数。
None of us are / is perfect.
人无完人。
None of this worries me.
这事一点也不使我着急。(6)名词trousers, scissors, clothes, glasses等作主语时
谓语动词用复数。
My trousers are new.
我的裤子很新。
Her clothes are good.
她的衣服不错。Ⅰ.用所给动词的适当形式填空
To us it seems so natural to put up an umbrella to keep the water off when it rains. But actually the umbrella 1. (invent) as a shade against the sun. Nobody knows who first invented it, but the umbrella 2.
(use) in very ancient times. Probably the first to use it were the Chinese, back in the eleventh century B．C.was inventedwas used What 3. (know) to us is that the umbrella 4.
(use) in ancient Egypt and Babylon as a sunshade. And there was a strange thing connected with its use: it became a symbol of honor and authority (权威). In the Far East in ancient times, the umbrella 5. (allow) to be used only by those in high offices.
In Europe, the Greeks were the first to use the umbrella as a sunshade. The umbrella was in common use in ancient Greece but it 6. (believe) that the first people in Europe to use the umbrella as protection against rain were the ancient Romans.is knownwas usedwas allowedis believed During the Middle Ages, the use of the umbrella practically disappeared. Then it appeared again in Italy in the late sixteenth century. And again it 7.
(consider) a symbol of power and authority. By 1680, the umbrella appeared in France and later on in England.was considered By the eighteen century, the umbrella 8.
(use) against rain throughout most of Europe. Umbrellas have not changed much in style during all this time, though they have become much lighter in weight. It wasn't until the twentieth century that women' s umbrella 9. (begin) to be made in a whole variety of colors.
Nowadays the umbrella 10. (use) both for the rainy and sunny days.had been usedbeganis usedⅡ.单项填空
1．Either you or one of your students ________ to attend
the meeting ________ tomorrow.
A．are; to be held　　　　　　　B．is; being held
C. is; to be held D．are; having held
解析： 　either...or...连接并列主语时，其谓语动词的单复数形式根据最靠近的主语而定。选C2．________ was to blame.
A．The parents as well as their child
B．Not the parents but their child
C．Neither the child nor his parents
D．Both the parents and their child
解析： 　根据题干中的was确定句子的主语为单数。not ...but ...，neither ...nor ...连接并列主语时，其谓语动词的单复数形式根据靠近的主语而定。选B3．Some modern teaching equipment as well as hundreds
of computers ________ to ten Hope Schools in South China.
A．were sent B．was sent
C．have sent D．have been sent
解析： 　测试动词时态和语态及主谓一致。句意：许多现代教学设备和数百台电脑送到了中国南方的十所希望学校。分析句子可知主语为some modern teaching equipment，是单数；当主语后面跟有with, together with, like, except, but, no less than, as well as等引起的短语时，谓语动词与前面的主语一致。选B4．A lot of paper________ in our school every day. We
must take measures about it.
A．is wasted B．are wasted
C．has been wasted D．were wasted
解析： 　考查时态、语态及主谓一致。主语a lot of paper中的paper是不可数名词，所以谓语动词要用单数形式，然后又根据时间状语every day可知此处应用一般现在时的被动语态，故选A。选A5．Large quantities of meat ________ sold in that store
every day.
A．are B．is being
C．will be D．is
解析： 　考查主谓一致和被动语态。此处主语是quantities，所以谓语需用复数形式。故排除B、D两项，由时间状语every day(每天)可知排除C项。选A6．Mr. Li is absent today. What do you consider ________
to him?
A．happens B．is happened
C．happening D．has happened
解析： 　happen为不及物动词，没有被动语态。根据句意选D项。选D7．The church tower which ________ will be open to
tourists soon. The work finished.
A．has restored
B．has been restored
C．is restored
D．was restored
解析： 　本题考查时态和语态。restore意思为“修复”，而最后一句表明工程已完成，答案选D项。选D8．When I came in, Class 15 ________ watching a film.
A．are B．were
C．is D．was
解析： 考查主谓一致与时态。根据时间状语可知事情发生在过去，此处Class 15是指15班的学生，不是强调整体，所以谓语动词要用复数形式。选B　9．—I hear there is a new supermarket nearby.
—Yes. It ________ half a year ago.
A．is built B．had built
C．has built D．was built
解析： 　考查时态和语态。根据时间状语half a year ago可知用过去时态；又因it(supermarket)和build之间为被动关系，故用被动语态。选D10．This coastal area ________ a national wildlife reserve
last year.
A．was named B．named
C．is named D．names
解析： 　考查动词时态和语态。根据主语this coastal area与name之间的被动关系排除B、D两项。根据句中的last year判断用一般过去时，故选A项。选A　地点介绍说明文 假设你的名字叫李华，你的美国笔友Jack将要来你所在的城市开封旅游。请你根据提示信息给他发一封邮件，简要介绍该城市。
注意：1.词数不少于100；
2．可适当加入细节，以使内容充实、行文连贯。
3．书写须清晰、工整。Dear Jack，
①I'm glad to learn that you will come to visit Kaifeng soon. ②Now I'd like to tell you something about the city.
③Located in the east of Henan Province, Kaifeng is known as one of the Seven Ancient Capitals of China. ④It is also an excellent tourist city of China. ⑤One of the most attractive places is the Qingming River Park which is a large historical and cultural theme park. ⑥TheDaxiangguo Temple is famous both at home and abroad for its magical legends. ⑦There is one place you can't miss while visiting Kaifeng — the Kaifeng House. ⑧With its interesting historical stories, it attracts millions of people here every year.
⑨I do hope you can come and enjoy the beautiful scenery here.
Yours，
Li Hua第一段：阐述写作目的，首先表示欢迎，然后说明该信内容。
第二段：描述开封的地理位置、在中国的地位以及著名景点。
第三段：表示对Jack到来的欢迎和祝愿。第③句用Located in the east of Henan Province这一过去分词短语作状语，介绍了开封的地理位置。第④、⑤、⑥、⑧句中运用了excellent，attractive，large，historical，cultural，famous等亮点词汇，对开封的地位和著名景点进行了描述。第⑦句用There is one place you can‘t miss while visiting Kaifeng这一there be句型介绍了开封的景点——开封府，其中还运用了“状语从句的省略”这一语法现象，使句式富于变化。 本模块的写作任务是介绍一个地方。介绍地方的文章属于说明文。旨在对该地区的大致状况进行描述，向人们展示该地区的地貌特征、风土人情、历史文化等。
写该类文章需注意以下问题： 1．这类作文通常有提示，写作时首先对所提示的内容进行排序，确定先写什么后写什么，然后再考虑前后之间的关系，选择合适的关联词，使其成为一篇连贯通顺的文章。
2．结构：三段式是很好的选择。开头简要介绍某地的地位；第二段详细介绍某地的各个方面；第三段进行总结，邀请人们到被介绍的地方来游玩、投资。
3．此类文章的主体时态为一般现在时。1．地理位置
①Located in ...，... is considered as the centre of ...
②It faces ... across the sea.
③To the south/east/west/north is ...
④Between ...and ...is ...
⑤...is a coastal city/ located between ...and ...2．人口与面积
①It is a city with a population of ...
②...covers a total area of ...square kilometers, making
it the ...largest city in ...3．地域特色
①As a ...city, it attracts millions of tourists from all over the world each year.
②...is a city with rich tourism resources.
③...is famous for its ...and ...
④What makes the city so special is that ...
⑤Two-thirds of the city is covered with ...
⑥It is neither ...in summer nor ...in winter. 以“The city of Chengde”为题，根据以下提示写一篇短文。
1．地理位置：河北省东北部，距离北京大约230千米。
2．面积：39 519平方千米。
3．基本情况：是我国历史文化名城之一，风景秀丽，气候宜人。避暑山庄及其周围寺庙是驰名中外的旅游胜地，在1994年被联合国教科文组织列为世界文化遗产。另外，城市交通非常便利。 4．我们要保护好这些文化遗产，确保它们不遭到破坏。
注意：
1.词数：100左右。
2．不要逐条翻译，可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
3．参考词汇：避暑山庄及其周围寺庙the Mountain Resort and its Outlying Temples　世界文化遗产the World Heritage Sites______________________________________________
______________________________________________
______________________________________________[参考范文]
The city of Chengde
Chengde City lies in the northeast of Hebei Province, about 230 kilometres away from Beijing, with an area of 39,519 square kilometres. It is one of the well-known historic and cultural cities in China. It has beautiful scenery and a pleasant climate. In 1994, the Mountain Resort and its Outlying Temples were listed by UNESCO as one of the World Heritage Sites. These places of interest make Chengde City famous both at home and abroad. Meanwhile, the transportation here is very convenient.
As more and more tourists come here, we should take some measures to protect these places of interest, making sure that they are not damaged.课件59张PPT。Module 2Section Ⅱ语言点一语言点二语言点三识记·掌握理解·拓展应用·落实识记·掌握理解·拓展应用·落实识记·掌握理解·拓展应用·落实Ⅰ.根据所给词性及汉语释义写出单词
1． n．饥饿→ adj.饥饿的
2． n．贫穷→ adj.穷的
3． n．发展→ v．发展→
adj.发展中的→ adj.发达的
4． n．预期数额→ v．期望；预料
5． vt.教育；培养；训练→ n．教育hungerhungrypovertypoordevelopmentdevelopdeveloping developedexpectancyexpecteducateeducationⅡ.根据英文释义写出单词
1． :find the size, length, volume, etc. of sth.
2． :object of one's efforts; target
3． :place where sb./sth. is
4． :written symbol for a number
5． :money received over a certain periodmeasuregoalpositionfigureincome1．measure vt. 测定；评估；测量；权衡 vi.(指尺寸、长短、
数量等)量度为n.尺寸；措施
(一)背诵佳句培养语感
(教材原句)What does the Human Development Index measure?人类发展指数是测量什么的？
(鲜活例句)The Great Wall measures
more than 7,240 kilometres long.
长城长达7 240多千米。
(鲜活例句)The father measured the height of his son.
这位父亲测量了儿子的身高。(二)归纳拓展全析考点(1)measure sth./sb.by/in sth. 以……来衡量；用……来计算
(2)make sth.to one's measure 根据某人的尺寸做……
take measures to do sth. 采取措施做某事①You can't measure someone by the clothes he wears.
你千万不要以貌取人。
②The coat fits him well because it is made to his own measure.
因为这件外套是根据他自己的尺寸量制的，所以他穿着非常合身。
③The government immediately save her after Zhang Lili was run over on May 8, 2012.
张丽莉于2012年5月8日被车碾过后，政府立即采取措施拯救她。took measuresto2．development n．发展
(一)背诵佳句培养语感
(教材原句)One of the most important sections of this report is the Human Development Index.
这份报告最重要的指数之一就是人类发展指数。
(鲜活例句)The economic sanctions couldn't prevent the development of this country.
经济制裁不能阻碍这个国家的发展。(二)归纳拓展全析考点with the development of　　　　　随着……的发展
under development 在发展中①With the development of the Internet, shopping is no longer a tiring thing.
随着因特网的发展，购物不再是一件累人的事情。②France is one of the countries, while China is one of the countries.
法国是发达国家之一，而中国是发展中国家之一。developeddeveloping3．figure n．数字，体形，人物，雕像，图像v. 描绘，计
算，估计(一)背诵佳句培养语感
(教材原句)Complete the chart with figures from the passage.
用文章中的数字完成下表。(鲜活例句)Zhu Zhiwen, a farmer singer, has become a figure known to many people.
朱之文，一个农民歌手，已经成为一个为许多人所熟知的人物。
(鲜活例句)Every woman wants a slim figure these days, especially here in Canada.
如今，每个女性都想有一个苗条的身材，尤其是在加拿大。
(鲜活例句)The wall was covered with figures of birds and flowers.
墙上满是花鸟的图形。
(鲜活例句)I figure that you would arrive before noon.
我认为你会在中午以前到达。(二)归纳拓展全析考点figure out　　　　　　　　　弄明白；计算出；解决①Have you figured out how much the trip to Jiuzhaigou will cost?
你计算出到九寨沟旅行将会花费多少钱了吗？
②The present situation is very complex, so I think it will take me some time to its reality.
目前的形势很复杂，我想要弄清楚实际情况还需要一段时间。figure outⅠ.用所给单词的适当形式填空
1．To break out of the trap the need help
from the government. (poor)
2．With the of economy, people‘s lives are
becoming better and better. However, China is different from America, which is a country. China is still a country. Therefore, we should study hard to make our country more powerful. (develop)povertypoordevelopmentdevelopeddeveloping3．Li Hua was in England in his thirties. In other
words, he received a good .(educate)
4．He has run out of food; his children are . As a
result, he was driven by to steal. (hunger)
5．This lake 130 kilometers or 80 miles away
from the city. It has been polluted seriously in the past 10 years. Therefore, should be taken to prevent the pollution. (measure)educatededucationhungryhungermeasuresmeasuresⅡ.单项填空
1．A big earthquake ________ 7.1 on the Richter scale
struck Yushu, knocking down buildings and causing more than two thousand people to lose their lives.
A．measured B．measuring
C．to be measured D．measures
解析： 　句意：玉树发生了一场被测量为里氏7.1级的地震。许多房屋倒塌，两千多人失去了生命。measure这里是不及物动词，意思是“测量起来有……”。选B2．To develop ________ and make everyone ________ is the
basic policy of our country.
A．education; well educated
B．educator; well educated
C．educate; good education
D．educate; well educating
解析： 　句意：发展教育以及使每个人都享受良好的教育是我国的基本国策。education n．教育； educate v．教育。在“make＋宾语＋宾补”结构中，宾语everyone和educate之间为动宾关系，故用educate的过去分词形式作宾补。选A3．________ the development of science and technology,
the economy of China is improving fast.
A．As B．Since
C．Because D．With
解析： 句意：随着科技的发展，中国的经济发展迅速。with the development of“随着……的发展”。选D4．School children must be taught how to deal with
dangerous________.
A．states B．conditions
C．situations D．positions
解析： 　考查名词辨析。句意：学生必须被教会如何处理危险的局面。state“状态，状况，情况”；condition“环境，条件”；situation“情况，状况，形势，局面”；position“位置，方位”。故选C。选C5．As a public ________， Yao Ming knows what to do
when facing this kind of thing.
A．character B．figure
C．person D．opinion
解析： 　句意：作为公众人物，面对这种事情姚明知道做什么。figure在此意为“人物”，符合句意。character“性格”；person“人”；opinion“观点”。选B1．up 　　　　　　　　 直到
2． to do sth. 同意做某事
3．at the of 在……顶端
4．at the of 在……底部
5．make 作出努力toagreetopbottomefforts6．make 取得进步
7．give of 举……的例子
8．make 确保；查明
9．move of poverty 脱贫
10．agree sb. 同意某人的观点progressexamplessureoutwith1．up to直到，多达；正在做……；忙于做……；胜任
(一)背诵佳句培养语感
(教材原句)not many children have an education up to 11 years old
在11岁之前接受教育的孩子并不多
(鲜活例句)So far, up to 60% of the work has been finished.
迄今为止，这项工作的百分之六十已经完成了。(二)归纳拓展全析考点(1)be up to (doing sth.)
打算做/正在做(不好的事)；胜任(做某事)
It is up to sb. to do sth.
　　　　 ……是某人的责任；应由某人做……
It's up to you. 由你做主。
(2)up to date 最新的
up to now 直到现在(与现在完成时连用)①The three-year-old boy counted up to a hundred.
那个3岁男孩一直数到100。
②I see what you're up to.
我知道你在动什么歪脑筋。
③—Shall we have red wine or white?
我们来点红酒还是白酒？
—It's
你看着办吧！up to you!2．make sure确保；查明，弄清楚
(一)背诵佳句培养语感
(教材原句)The most important goals are to: reduce poverty and hunger; make sure that all children have education up to the age of 11 ...
最重要的目标是：减少贫困和饥饿；确保达到11岁的孩子都能受教育……
(鲜活例句)Please make sure (that) all the doors are closed when you leave.
离开时确保所有的门都关上了。[点津]
make sure后面可跟of/about短语、that或whether从句。
(鲜活例句)James made sure of winning by betting all the horses.
詹姆斯对所有的马都下了赌注，以确保能赢。 (二)归纳拓展全析考点be sure to do　　　　　　　　　　　　一定能够做
be sure of 确定
be sure that ... 确信……
for sure/certain 肯定地①No one knows for sure what will happen in the future.
没有人确切地知道未来会发生什么事。
②You may his honesty.=You may be sure that he is honest.
你可以确信他的诚实。
③He is sure to be back soon.
他一定会很快回来。be sure of[点津]
be sure of/be sure that主语是人，表示主语感到“有把握；确信”；be sure to do主语既可以是人，也可以是物，表示说话人认为句子的主语“一定或必然会……”。3．make efforts作出努力
(一)背诵佳句培养语感
(鲜活例句)Make efforts to find out the best solution to this problem.
尽力找到这个问题的最好解决办法。(二)归纳拓展全析考点①He did it without effort.
他毫不费力地做完了那件事。
②We should to beautify our environment.
我们应该不遗余力地美化我们的环境。spare no effort[点津]
(1)Effort意为“努力”，既可用作可数名词，也可用作不可数名词。
(2)“尽一切努力做某事”的表达法：
try/do one's best to do sth.
spare no effort to do sth.
do all that sb. can to do sth.
do what sb. can to do sth.Ⅰ.选词填空make sure， make efforts， up to， make progress， take measures1．We can do it better as long as we .
2．You must in order that such mistakes
may never be made again.
3．What have you been these days?
4．He went back to he had locked the door.
5．Study well and every day.make effortstake measuresup tomake suremake progressⅡ.单项填空
1．I'll never agree ________ what he said ________ that
point.
A．with; with B．with; on
C．on; on D．on; with
解析： 　agree with what he said on that point此处意为“在那方面同意他的说法”。选B2．I haven't seen you for a couple of days. What have you
been up________？
A．in B．to
C．with D．for
解析： 　句意：我两三天没见你了，你在忙什么？此处up to意为“忙于；从事”，符合题意。选B3．Tom succeeded, for he had made a great ________ and
got over plenty of difficulties.
A．progress B．force
C．energy D．effort
解析： 　句意：汤姆成功了，因为他曾经做出巨大努力，克服了许多困难。make an effort“努力”。选D4．—Shall we go to Xufu Cultural Fair right away?
—____________.
A．It's your opinion
B．I don't mind
C．That's your decision
D．It's all up to you解析： 　考查交际用语。问句句意：我们马上去参加徐福文化博览会好吗？所给选项的意思分别如下：It‘s your opinion这是你的观点；I don’t mind我不介意；That‘s your decision那是你的决定；It’s all up to you你来决定吧。所以选择D项最佳。选D5．They love their daughter so much that they are always
ready to do everything they can ________ her happiness.
A．make sure of
B．be sure of
C．to be sure to
D．to make sure of解析： 　everything后有一个定语从句they can (do)对其进行修饰，因此can后的内容应为目的状语，可以排除A、B两项。be sure to do sth.“务必去做某事”，make sure of sth.“确保某事”，故选D项。句意：他们太爱女儿了，为了确保她的幸福，他们总是乐意做他们能做的一切。选D1．[句型展示]　Norway is at the top of the list, while the
US is at number 7.
挪威高居榜首，而美国名列第7。
[典例背诵]　You like playing tennis, while I'd rather read.
你爱打网球，而我爱阅读。2．[句型展示]　The bottom ten countries are all African
countries, with_Sierra_Leone_(in_West_Africa)_at_the_bottom_of_the_list.
处于末端的10个国家均是非洲国家，塞拉利昂(西非)排在最后。
[典例背诵]　With Tom leading the way, I had no trouble finding John's house.
由汤姆领路，我没费力就找到了约翰的家。3. [句型展示]　The report shows that we are making some
progress but that we need to make greater efforts.
报告显示：我们正在进步，但是我们必须付出更大的努力。
[典例背诵]　Zhang Hua told us that he would graduate from college and that if possible he would set up his own company.
张华告诉我们他即将大学毕业，如果有可能，他将创办自己的公司。1．Norway is at the top of the list, while the US is at
number 7.
挪威高居榜首，而美国名列第7。
(1)while在句中用作并列连词，意为“而，然而”，while常
位于两句之间，强调前后两者间情况的对比。
①The son was having a good meal at home, while the parents were working in the fields.
儿子在家吃好饭而父母却在田里辛勤劳作。(2)while在句中表示“在……期间，当……的时候”，引导时
间状语从句。此时while相当于during the time that ...，指一段时间，表示主句和从句的谓语动作常常同时发生。从句中的谓语通常是延续性动词的进行时或状态动词，不可用短暂性动词。
②While I slept, a thief broke in.
在我睡觉时，一个小偷闯了进来。(3)while可引导让步状语从句，意为“尽管，虽然”。
③ Bi Fujian is a plain-looking host, he is loved by the audience.
虽然毕福剑是一位相貌平平的主持人，但是他却深受观众的喜爱。
(4)while可引导条件状语从句，意为“只要”，相当于as
long as，可放在句首，也可放在句中。
④ you don't lose heart, I'm sure you can pass the coming examination.
只要你不灰心，我敢肯定你能通过即将到来的考试。WhileWhile2．The bottom ten countries are all African countries,
with_Sierra_Leone_(in_West_Africa)_at_the_bottom_of_the_list.
处于末端的10个国家均是非洲国家，塞拉利昂(西非)排在最后。
with Sierra Leone (in West Africa) at the bottom of the list是with复合结构。with复合结构在句中可作原因、条件、方式等状语。with复合结构的构成：(1)with＋名词/代词＋形容词/副词
①With the meeting over, all the people left the room.
会议结束后，所有人都离开了房间。
(2)with＋名词/代词＋介词短语
②His wife came down the stairs, with her one-year-old son .
他的妻子下了楼，怀里抱着1岁的儿子。in her arms(3)with＋名词/代词＋现在分词
③With Mum ,I cooked the meal successfully.
一直有妈妈帮忙，我这顿饭做得很成功。
(4)with＋名词/代词＋过去分词
④With the homework finished, Kitty was permitted to watch TV.
因为做完了家庭作业，凯蒂被允许看电视。helping me(5)with＋名词/代词＋不定式
⑤With a lot of work to do, I have to go now.
由于有很多工作要做，我得走了。完成句子
1．只要我们紧密地团结一致，一定能克服这些困难。
We can surely overcome these difficulties
.
2．我妈妈看着电视就睡着了。
My mother fell asleep .
3．汤姆很擅长唱歌，而他的兄弟却擅长跳舞。
Tom is very good at singing,
.while we are closely unitedwhile she was watching TVwhile his brother is clever at dancing4．调查显示：我们还要应对老龄化问题，我们还有很长的
路要走。
The survey shows we also have to deal with the aging problem and we have a long way to go.
5．那个小男孩玩得很开心，很多玩具在地上放着。
The little boy was playing happily, with a lot of toys
.thatthatlying on the ground课件62张PPT。Module 2Section Ⅲ语言点一语言点二语言点三识记·掌握理解·拓展应用·落实识记·掌握理解·拓展应用·落实识记·掌握理解·拓展应用·落实语篇理解Ⅰ.True (T) or False (F)．
1．The passage is mainly about town twinning
agreement. ( )
2．There is usually a big party for you when you visit
your town twinning agreement friends. ( )
3．Location is the similarity between twinning towns.( )
4．Town twinning is an agreement between two
countries. ( )
5．The visitors of town twinning agreements usually live
in the private homes they are visiting. ( )TTFFTⅡ.Choose the best answer according to the passage.
1．Oxford in the UK and Grenoble in France are similar.
Choose the WRONG statement about them：________.
A．They both have universities and industries
B．They are both medium-sized towns in Europe
C．Tourism isn't important to them
D．They are both close to some of the most beautiful
countryside2．Town twinning is________.
A．a new thought
B．less popular now
C．an agreement between towns and cities
D．an agreement between two countries3．Where did the visitors of town twinning agreements live
when they visited the others of town twinning agreements?
A．In the hotels.
B．In the schools.
C．In the theatres.
D．In the private homes.4．Town twinning is most useful for________.
A．business men　　　　　　　　B．students
C．foreigners D．Teachers5．Which statement is TRUE according to the text?
A．There is usually a party for you when you visit your
town twinning agreement friends.
B．In order to practice your English, you must live with
a foreign family for one or two weeks.
C．The town twinning agreement cities are the same in
everything.
D．In the town twinning agreements, one city must visit
the other once a year.
答案：1.C　2.C　3.D　4.B　5.AⅠ.词义配对
1．homeless　　　　　　　 A．交换
2．transport B．娱乐
3．industrial C．交通工具
4．exchange D．工业的
5．smart E．无家可归的
6．vast F．巨大的；庞大的
7．entertainment G．漂亮的；整洁的
答案：1.E　2.C　3.D　4.A　5.G　6.F　7.BⅡ.根据所给词性及汉语释义写出单词
1． adj.拥挤的→ n．人群 v．围拢
2． n．居民→ v．居住
3． n．类似；相似→ adj.相似的
→ adv.相似地
4． adj.不幸的；遗憾的→ adj.幸运的
→ adv.不幸地→ adv.幸运地
→ n．运气；财富crowdedcrowdinhabitantinhabitsimilaritysimilarsimilarlyunfortunatefortunateunfortunatelyfortunatelyfortune5． n．位置；所在地→ adj.位于……的
→ v．使位于
6． n．旅游业→ n．游客→ n．旅行
v．巡回演出
7． adj.受到污染的→ v．污染→
n．污染locationlocatedlocatetourismtouristtour pollutedpollutepollution1．crowded adj.拥挤的
(一)背诵佳句培养语感
(教材原句)Beijing has a lot more
inhabitants than Sydney and is
much more crowded.
北京的居民比悉尼多得多，城市也拥挤得多。
(鲜活例句)It's absolutely not an interesting thing to get on a crowded bus.
上一辆拥挤的公交车可一点儿也不有趣。(二)归纳拓展全析考点(1)be crowded with　　　　　　　　　　挤满了
(2)crowd n. 人群
a crowd of 一群，一堆①I don't enjoy days crowded with activities.
我并不喜欢忙得不可开交的日子。
②A large crowd of lookers-on were there doing nothing to help.
一大群人在那儿袖手旁观。[点津]
crowd用作名词，是集合名词。作主语时，谓语用单数(视为整体)或复数(考虑其个体成员)均可。常用a或a large修饰，表示“一群(人)；一伙(人)”。2．similarity n．类似；相似
(一)背诵佳句培养语感
(鲜活例句)The similarity between the two reports suggests that one person wrote both.
那两个报告极其相似，这表明它们出自一人之手。(二)归纳拓展全析考点(1)similar adj.　　　　　类似的，相似的
be similar to 和……差不多，和……相近
(2)similarly adv. 同样地，类似地①My wife and I have similar tastes in reading.
在阅读上我妻子和我的品味差不多。
②The scientist's name the English word.
这位科学家的名字与这个英语单词相近。
③Our bodies are strengthened by taking exercise. Similarly, our minds are developed by learning.
我们的身体因锻炼而强化，同样地，我们的大脑因学习而发展。is similar to3．exchange n. 交换；调换；兑换 vt.交换；调换(一)背诵佳句培养语感
(教材原句)There are visits and exchanges between schools, theatre groups and sports teams.
在学校、剧团、体育团之间都有一些访问和交流活动。
(鲜活例句)We exchanged our opinions about the event at the meeting.
在会上，我们就此事交换了意见。(二)归纳拓展全析考点(1)exchange sth.with sb.　　　与某人交换某物
exchange ... for ... 用……兑换/交换……
(2)in exchange for 换取
make an exchange 交换①He exchanged the blue jumper for a red one.
他把蓝毛衣换成了红的。
②He gave me an apple an orange.
他给我一个苹果，换一个橙子。in exchange forⅠ.单词拼写
1．It is a city of six million (居民)．
2．He indicated the (所在地) of the Persian Gulf
with a pen on the map.
3．It was a good Christian (家庭)．
4．The floods have killed over 2,000 people, affected 20
million and made some 4 million (无家可归)．
5．Fifty-eight students and six teachers will visit Macao
next Wednesday under an (交换) program.inhabitantslocationhouseholdhomelessexchange6．He has been actively engaged in (慈善) activities
for years and provided material support to victims of natural disasters many times.
7．Glowworms are hard to find now owing to the increasing
use of pesticides and (污染)．
8．A cinema is a place of (娱乐)．
9．Steel and gasoline are (工业的) products.
10． (不幸的是), I missed the last train.charitypollutionentertainmentindustrialUnfortunatelyⅡ.单项填空
1．The words are ________ in using, so I don't know how
to tell them apart.
A．similar　　　　　　 B．familiar
C．comparative D．particular
解析： 句意：这些词在用法上相似，因此我不知道如何区分它们。similar“相似的”；familiar“熟悉的”；comparative“比较的”；particular“特殊的”。结合语境及词义可知A项正确。选A　2．When we got there, we found the street ________
people.
A．crowd B．is crowded with
C．was crowding with D．crowded with
解析： 句意：当我们赶到时，发现大街上挤满了人。过去分词短语作宾语补足语。选D3．When comparing different cultures, we often pay
attention only to the differences without noticing the many ________.
A．situation B．appearances
C．similarities D．same
解析： 　句意：我们比较不同的文化时，经常只注意到差异，而没有注意到许多相似之处。similarity“相似”，与前面的differences相对应。选C4．—What would you give me in ________ for my
recorder?
—My MP3. Do you agree?
A．reward B．turn
C．preparation D．exchange
解析： 句意：“你想用什么来交换我的录音机？”
“我的MP3。你同意吗？” in exchange for“来交换……/换取”。选D5．________， weeks before the Spring Festival turned out
to be hard times for migrant workers.
A．Luckily B．Fortunately
C．Unfortunately D．Accordingly
解析： 　考查副词辨析。句意：不幸的是，春节前的几周对民工来说是一段很艰难的时间。unfortunately“不幸的是”，符合句意。选C1．get 　　　　　　　　　生病
2．be to do sth. 情愿做某事
3．be connected 与……有联系，与……有关
4．be close 靠近；接近
5．be similar 与……相似
6． a result of 由于……的结果illwillingwithtotoas1．be/get close to靠近，接近
(一)背诵佳句培养语感
(教材原句)Tourism is important to both of them, and they are both close to some of the most beautiful countryside in the region.
对于两个城市来说，旅游业都很重要，而且这两个城市与该地区最美丽的乡村近在咫尺。(鲜活例句)My apartment is close to the restaurant.
我的公寓离饭店很近。
(鲜活例句)During the financial crisis, the country's economic growth rate was close to zero.
经济危机期间，该国的经济增长率几乎为零。
[点津]
to为介词，后接表示地点的名词，或接表示抽象意义的名词或者动名词。(二)归纳拓展全析考点a close match　　　　　　　 势均力敌的比赛
keep a close watch/eye on sb. 严密地/细心地看管某人 I'll keep a close eye/watch on the kids; don't worry.
我会细心看管孩子们的，不用担心。(三)明辨易混失误防范
比较　close, closed, closely We are friends and live to each other. So we often watch football games together or stay at home looking at some famous pictures with the door .closecloseclosecloselyclosed用close, closed 和closely 真空2．be connected with与……有联系，与……有关
(一)背诵佳句培养语感
(教材原句)Which word is connected with building?
哪一个词语和建筑有关？
(鲜活例句)He is closely connected with this case.
他与这个案件有密切的联系。(二)归纳拓展全析考点connect A to/with B　　　 把A连结(接)到B上
connect sb. with sth. 把某人与某事联系在一起
be connected to 与……相连①There is no evidence to connect him with the robbery.
没有证据表明他与这起抢劫有关。
② the speakers the record player and plug it in.
将扬声器连接在唱机上，再插上插头。Connectto[点津]
当表达“把A与B连接起来”时，用介词to和with都可以；但要表达“A与B有联系时”，只能用介词with。Ⅰ.选词填空be close to， be connected with， move out of， as a result， at the top of1．The children were warned not to the fire.be close to2．The families were told to the building
immediately when the water went up.
3．As we know, the technological development in the US is
the world.
4．My first impressions of England
food.
5．Mary didn‘t work hard; ,she failed in the
exam.move out ofat the top ofare connected withas a resultⅡ.单项填空
1．Look out! Don't get too ________ to the house whose
roof is under repair.
A．close B．nearby
C．closely D．nearly
解析： 　句意：小心！不要太靠近正在维修屋顶的那座房子。get close to“靠近”。选A2．Walk close ________ it and try to see if it is connected
________ our network.
A．with; to B．to; about
C．to; with D．with; about
解析： 　句意：走近它看看它是否与我们的网络有关。close to“靠近”；be connected with“与……有关”。选C3．Jobs are hard to get and, ________， more young
people are continuing their education.
A．above all B．as a result
C．after all D．on the contrary
解析： 句意：工作很难找。因此，很多年轻人继续学习深造。above all“首先”；as a result“因此，所
以”；after all“毕竟”；on the contrary“相反”。选B4．Jenny nearly missed the flight ________ doing too much
shopping.
A．as a result of B．on top of
C．in front of D．in need of
解析： 　考查固定词组辨析。句意：由于购物时间太长，Jenny差点耽误了航班。as a result of“由于，作为……的结果”，符合语境。on top of“在……之外，另外”；in front of“在……前面”；in need of“需要”。选A5．—My car and my boss's are similar ________ size and
design.
—It is stupid ________ you to follow others' footsteps.
A．in; for B．to; of
C．in; of D．to; for
解析： 　be similar to ...“与……相似”，be similar in ...“在某方面相似”。因为you与stupid之间存在符合逻辑的关系，因此此时介词应用of而不是for。选C1．[句型展示]　We can give money to
make_the_drinking_water_safe.
我们可以捐钱来使饮用水安全化。
[典例背诵]　Computer network will surely make our life and work more convenient.
网络将使我们的生活和工作更方便。2．[句型展示]　How_do_you_find_it?
你认为它怎么样？
[典例背诵]　—How do you find the film Guns N' Roses?
你认为电影《黄金大劫案》怎么样？
—Interesting. I want to see it again.
非常有趣。我想再看一遍。3．[句型展示]　It's an agreement between towns or cities
of_similar_size_and_age,_and which have similar features such as tourism, industry, culture and entertainment.
这是规模和历史相似的两个城镇之间的一份协议，并且这两个城市往往有着相似的特征，如：旅游业、工业、文化以及娱乐等方面。
[典例背诵]　The experience gained will be of great value to us.
取得的经验对我们将很有价值。4．[句型展示]　This_is_because living with a foreign
family for one or two weeks means that you have to speak their language, and as a result you improve fast.
这是因为，和一个外国家庭在一起生活一到两周意味着你必须说他们的语言。结果，你的外语就提高很快。
[典例背诵]　I caught a bad cold but that's because I was stupid enough to play football in the rain.
我患了重感冒，那是因为我傻到在雨中踢足球。1．How_do_you_find_it?
你认为它怎么样？
How do you find ...? 常用于问对方对某人或某物的评价。
①How do you find the weather here?
你认为这儿的天气怎么样？
②How do you find Yang Mi's performance in the new film?
你觉得杨幂在这部新电影中的表演如何？③What do you think of your English teacher?
你认为你的英语老师怎么样？
④How/What about having a walk in the park?
到公园里散散步怎么样？2．It's an agreement between towns or cities
of_similar_size_and_age,_and which have similar features such as tourism, industry, culture and entertainment.
这是规模和历史相似的两个城镇之间的一份协议，并且这两个城市往往有着相似的特征，如：旅游业、工业、文化以及娱乐等方面。
本句中的of similar size and age是“of＋抽象名词”结构，常在句中作表语或定语。这种结构主要有两类：(1)“be＋of＋抽象名词”，说明主语的性质。其中的“of ＋
名词”相当于该名词同根的形容词。用于该句型的名词有：use , help , importance ,benefit , interest , ability , courage 等，这类名词前可用no , some ,any , little ,much , great 等修饰。
①I do hope this book will be of great value to him in his studies.
＝I do hope this book will be very valuable to him in his studies.
我希望这本书对他的学习将会非常有价值。(2)“be＋of＋a(n)＋普通名词”表示“同一的”或“相同的”,相
当于“be＋of＋the same＋该名词”。
②We are of an age.＝We are .
我们同岁。of the same age(3)“be＋of＋形容词＋普通名词”表示“在某方面……的”，
相当于“be＋形容词＋in＋该名词”。
用于这两种结构的名词有：age,colour,size/length, width,height,weight,price,quality,shape,opinion 等。
③These shoes are of different sizes.＝These shoes are different in size.
这些鞋尺码不一样。3．This_is_because living with a foreign family for one or
two weeks means that you have to speak their language, and as a result you improve fast.
这是因为，和一个外国家庭在一起生活一到两周意味着你必须说他们的语言。结果，你的外语就提高很快。
This/That is because ...可以理解为一个固定句型结构，表示“这是/那是因为……”，其中because引导的是表语从句。①He was very tired; that is because he stayed up late into the night yesterday.
他很疲惫，那是因为他昨天晚上熬夜到很晚。That is because ... 指原因或理由
That is why ... 则指由于各种原因所造成的后果②He did not see the film last night. he had to help his little sister with her homework.
昨天晚上他没有去看电影，那是因为他得帮助他的妹妹做作业。(第一句话说明结果， 第二句话说明原因)That is because ③He had seen the film before. he did not see it last night.
他以前曾看过那部电影， 因此他昨天晚上没有去看。(第一句话说明原因， 第二句话说明结果)That is why翻译句子
1．那就是她十几岁离开家乡的原因。

2．那是因为他没有理解我。

3．他们对英语学习者来说是很有帮助的。
That is why she left her hometown in her teens.That's because he didn't understand me.They are of great help to learners of English.4．俩兄弟身高相同，体重也大体相同。


5．你认为韩寒写的这本新书如何？

The two brothers are of the same height and about the same weight.How do you find the new book written by Han Han?课件40张PPT。Module 2Section Ⅳ语法讲座写作讲座考点精析专题练习佳作观摩技法指导专题练习连 词 连词是连接单词、短语或句子(包括从句与分句)的词。连词是一种虚词，不能单独作句子成分。下面主要比较but与however，although与while，它们都表示前后之间是转折或对比转折的关系。一、but与however
1．but表示转折、对比、对照，语气最强，常位于句子的
开头。
He was very angry but he controlled himself.
他非常生气，但他控制住了自己。
I'm sorry, but I can't help you with the problem.
很抱歉，我不能帮助你解决这个问题。
[点津]
but不能与although/though共用；另外but常用于I‘m sorry, but ...与Excuse me, but ...结构中。2．however
(1)however常位于句子中间，有时在句首，后有逗号隔开。
He was feeling bad. He went to work, however, and tried to concentrate.
他感觉不舒服，但他仍然去上班，并努力集中精力。
They had worked hard. However, they didn't finish the task.
他们很努力工作了，然而还是没有完成任务。(2)however除了表示转折之外，还可引导让步状语从句，
意思是“不管多么，不管怎样，无论如何”，相当于no matter how。
However late he is, his family will wait for him to have dinner together.
无论多晚，他的家人总是等他一起吃晚饭。
You should try to get a good night's sleep however much work you have to do.
无论有多少工作需要做，你都应该尽量睡个好觉。[考题印证1]
　(2012·湖南高考)________ hard you try, it is difficult to
lose weight without cutting down the amount you eat.
A．However B．Whatever
C．Whichever D．Whenever
解析： 　考查连词。句意：无论你多么努力，如果不减少饮食，那么减肥是很难做到的。由句意可知选however，意为“无论多么”。选A二、although/though与while
1．although或though用作连词，连接句子，引导让步状语
从句，不能再与but或however连用，但可以和still, yet连用。
Although/Though he likes the girl，(and yet/still)he can't marry her.
虽然他喜欢她，但他不能与她结婚。
[点津]
though还可用作副词，意为“可是，然而”，置于句末。[考题印证2]
　(2011·新课标全国卷)I don't believe we've met before，
________ I must say you do look familiar.
A．therefore B．although
C．since D．unless
解析： 　考查连词。句意：虽然我必须要说你看起来很熟悉，但我相信我们之前没见过。前后两分句间为转折关系，故选although，意为“虽然，尽管”。选B2．while
(1)表示时间，意为“当……的时候”。
I learned a lot of French while I was in Paris.
在巴黎时我学了很多法语。
(2)表示让步，意为“虽然，尽管”(＝although)。
While I admit my mistakes, you shouldn't have treated me like that.
尽管我承认我有错误，但你不应该那样对我。Ⅰ.同义句转换(每空一词)
1．Though I love my students, I'm very strict with them.
→ I love my students, I'm very strict with them.
→ I love my students, I'm very strict with them.
→I love my students, I'm very strict with them.
→I love my students, I'm very strict with them.
→I love my students. ,I‘m very strict with them.AlthoughWhilebutyetHowever2．Although they are poor, they are warm-hearted.
→ ,they are warm-hearted.
→ ,they are warm-hearted.
3．However rich people are, they always seem anxious to
make more money.
→ people are, they always seem anxious to make more money.PoorthoughtheyareAlthoughpoorNomatterhowrichⅡ.用but, however, although和while填空
1． ,they did not seem to have much effect.
2．He drives not carefully slowly.
3． many difficulties are still ahead, we are
determined to make greater achievements.HoweverbutAlthough4．He said that it was so; he was mistaken, .
5．He looks honest, actually he's a rogue(淘气鬼)．
6．He went out for a walk, I stayed at home.
7． cold it is, she always goes swimming.
8．I‘m frightfully sorry, I can’t see you today.howeverbutwhileHoweverbutⅢ.单项填空
1．________ the activities might seem childish, in reality
they require a lot of strength and determination.
A．When　　　　　　　 B．As
C．While D．Once
解析： 　句意：尽管这些活动可能显得孩子气，但实际上它们需要许多力量和决心。while意为“虽然，尽管”。选C2．________， he is quite experienced.
A．As is he young B．Although is he young
C．Young as he is D．Young although he is
解析： 　考查让步状语从句。在as或though引导的让步状语从句中，如果as或though位于句首时，可以用部分倒装。选C3．________ well prepared a gymnast is, he still needs a lot
of luck in performing.
A．Whatever B．Although
C．No matter D．However
解析： 　however＝no matter how，“无论多么”，引导让步状语从句。选D4．Though he is in his twenties, ________ he walks like an
old man.
A．yet B．but
C．and D．or
解析： 　though引导的让步状语从句不能与but连用，但是可以和yet连用。选A5．He cannot make her believe him ________ they have
been talking for a long time.
A．however B．although
C．if D．no matter
解析： 　考查让步状语从句。句意：尽管他们已经交谈了很长一段时间，但是他还是不能使她相信他。however引导让步状语从句时，相当于no matter how，意为“无论如何”。选B6．The shop doesn't open until 11 a．m.，________ it
doesn't lose any business because of this.
A．for B．or
C．but D．so
解析： 　句意：这家商店直到上午11点才开门，但是并没有因此而失去生意。前后句之间是转折关系，所以此处用but。选C7．We all admit that breaking a record is fantastic.
________， some challenges are not good for people's health.
A．Therefore B．However
C．Moreover D．Furthermore
解析： 　句意：我们都承认打破纪录是了不起的，然而，有些挑战对人们的健康不利。however“然而”，符合句意。therefore“因此”；moreover“此外”；furthermore“而且”。选B8．Tom works hard at his lessons. He didn't get the first
place in the exam，________.
A．though B．but
C．although D．while
解析： 　此处缺少的是副词，在这四个选项中，though不仅是连词还是副词，表示“然而”时，相当于however。句意：汤姆努力学习功课，然而他在考试中并没有得第一。选A对比类说明文 你的名字叫李华，你的朋友Mary要代表一家美国公司来中国考察投资，初步选择了两个城市——无锡和青岛，想请你就交通、资源以及投资环境三个方面对这两个城市作一下比较，以便为她提供一些参考。请根据提示信息，给她写一封邮件，100词左右(开头和结尾已给出)。参考词汇：
考察investigation n．；投资investment n.
Dear Mary，
I'm very glad that you will come to China for an investment investigation. According to your requirements, I'll compare the two cities—Wuxi and Qingdao.
__________________________________________________
__________________________________________________
__________________________________________________
Yours，
Li Hua Dear Mary，
①I'm very glad that you will come to China for an investment investigation. ②According to your requirements, I'll compare the two cities—Wuxi and Qingdao.
③Wuxi is close to Shanghai with developed land and water traffic. ④The city is rich in water and mineral resources, which offers a great advantage to its economic development. ⑤There have been great changes in the last twenty years. ⑥In recent years, more and more companies come to invest in Wuxi. ⑦Qingdao is a modem city with convenient traffic, and there is a freeway connecting Qingdao with Beijing. ⑧It has rich natural resources, especially the electricity resource. ⑨The local government has been doing something to encourage more investors to come here.
⑩I think, no matter which city you choose, you'll enjoy a friendly investment environment in China.
Yours，
Li Hua第一段：阐述写作目的，首先表示欢迎，然后说明该信内容。
第二、三段：分别介绍无锡和青岛两座城市的交通、资源以及投资环境。
第四段：表达自己的看法。④句用is rich in和which offers ...这一定语从句，介绍了无锡的资源。
⑥句用more and more来说明来无锡投资的公司之多。
⑦、⑧句中运用了modern, convenient, rich等亮点词汇对青岛的资源、交通和投资环境进行了描述。
⑩句运用no matter which city you choose, you‘ll ...这一让步状语从句，表示对其投资预期的肯定态度。 对比类说明文写作的常用类型：
1．两者对比：文章多采用一般现在时。
写作格式：说明一个对象的各种特征——再说明另一个对象的各种特征——逐点比较或对比两个对象的异同。
2．今昔对比：文章通常用一般现在时和一般过去时。
写作格式：主题句——对过去情况的描述——对现在情况的描述——总结句。 3．正反观点对比：文章通常采用同一种时态。
写作格式：提出问题——介绍两种不同的观点——对两种不同观点的论据逐项进行对比——结尾加上自己的观点并阐明理由。
4．数据分析对比：文章通常用一般现在时和一般过去时。
写作格式：提出所要说明的现象——数据对比——得出结论。[黄金表达]
1．比较地理位置或历史(地位)：
①Shanghai is situated on the estuary of Yangtze River of China while Hong Kong is located on the eastern side of the Pearl River Delta.
②... is an old city with a long history, while ... is a relatively new city.
③Shanghai is the largest industrial city in China while Hong Kong is a global centre of trade2．比较人口、面积、交通等：
①There are more inhabitants in ... than in ..., so it is more crowded in ...
②Hong Kong has a total area of ... which is slightly larger than that of Shanghai.
③In terms of area/population, ...is twice (three times ...)as ...as ...
④The means of transport in ...is ..., while in ..., it depends mostly on ...
⑤Compared with ..., ...is more ... than ... in ...3．列举相同点
①In spite of these differences, both cities share many similarities, for example, ...
②Both cities are famous for ...
③The two cities are similar to each other in ... 假如你是李华，在英国伦敦留学已经1年，现在给国内的好友李明写一封信，谈一谈伦敦与北京的异同。词数：100～120。
要点如下：
伦敦：汽车靠左行；很多人乘小汽车或地铁上班；阴天多；每周工作5天；懂汉语的人少；学生学习轻松。
北京：汽车靠右行；多数人骑自行车上班；晴天多；每周工作5天；懂英语的人多；学生学习勤奋。[参考范文]
Dear Li Ming，
How time flies! It is a year since I came to London for further study. Now I want to tell you some differences between London and Beijing.
Here cars are driven on the left side of the road, but in our country on the right side. Many people here go to work by car or by underground, while most people in Beijing goto work by bike. The climate of Beijing is better than that of London. The weather in Beijing is fine for long periods, but London has so many cloudy days. Workers here work five days a week just as in Beijing. Students here don't make full use of their time and very few people know Chinese. Students in Beijing work hard at their lessons and many people can speak English.
That's all. Best wishes to you.
Yours，
Li Hua课件21张PPT。Module 3Section ⅠStep 1Step 2Step 3Step 4Step 51．There are many reasons for natural disasters. How
much do you know about them?
2．There has been an increase in natural disasters in
recent years. Is man to blame? Following the ongoing breaking news on natural disasters occurring around the world, I found myself wondering if there has been an increase in natural disasters in recent years and if man is to blame.
What I found is that there indeed seems to be a great increase in the past decade. Comments (评论) from various government departments and scientists all paint the same gloomy (黯淡的) picture. According to a report, during the 2000－2009 period there had been 385 disasters, an increase of 233% since 1980 to 1989, and a 67% increase since 1990 to 1999. Though earthquakes made up 60% of natural disasters from 2000 to 2009, climate-related events, such as droughts, storms and floods, had made up the majority of disasters overall, increasing ten times since data was first collected in 1950. Sounds scary? Definitely! The large increase in disasters raises several questions. Is the increase due to a significant improvement in access to information? What part does population growth and infrastructure (基础设施) development play? And finally, is climate change behind the increasing frequency of natural disasters? And is man to blame? Well, with the growing population and infrastructures, the world‘s exposure (遭受) to natural disasters is largely increased. For example, the strongest population growth is located in coastal areas (with greater exposure to floods and tidal waves). And to make matters worse, any land remaining available for urban growth is generally risk-prone (可能有危险的), for instance, flood plains or steep slopes (陡峭的斜坡) subject to landslides. So the increase in population does notperhaps change the number of disasters taking place but it certainly changes the effect they have on lives, infrastructure and economic loss. The increased media coverage on disasters has had an influence on the increase in recorded disasters but it has been a good thing in terms of getting global help to areas in need. Before increased media coverage, disasters may not be recorded.Look at the following pictures. Do you know what happened in each picture?答案：1.earthquake　2.drought　3.tsunami　4.flood
5．tornado　6.hurricaneChoose the best answer according to the passage.
1．Which statement is NOT true?
A．The worst tornado of all time occurred in the US
in 1925.
B．Hurricanes usually occur in the southern Atlantic
Ocean, the Caribbean Sea and the Gulf of Mexico.
C．Hurricanes usually affect the west coast of the US.
D．The Irish actor, Charles Coghlan, died one year
before the 1900 Galveston hurricane struck.2．In 1925 the worst tornado of all time affected the
following US states EXCEPT________.
A．Texas　　　　　　　　　B．Missouri
C．Illinois D．Indiana
3．On average, tornadoes cause about ________ deaths
and ________ injuries in the US each year.
A．6,000; 3,600 B．6,000; 37,000
C．700; 2,700 D．80; 1,5004．Which of the following happened most recently?
A．The worst tornado which affected three US states.
B．The worst hurricane which happened in
Galveston.
C．The destruction of Charles Coghlan's cemetery.
D．The discovery of Charles Coghlan‘s coffin.5．Where did Charles Coghlan become famous?
A．In Galveston. B．In New York.
C．In Canada. D．In Ireland.
答案：1.C　2.A　3.D　4.A　5.BFill in the blanks according to the passage.airthe USstormsAtlantic Ocean4001203 US states 6,000Fill in the blanks according to the passage.
A tornado, which is a rotating 1. of air from a thunderstorm to the ground usually 2. in the US, 3. several US states greatly.
Hurricanes, which are strong 4. storms, usually 5. the east coast of the US from Texas to Maine, the 6. one of which caused 6,000 7.
,and destruction of 3,600 buildings.columnoccursaffectingtropicalhit/strike/affectworstdeaths Here is a story about the worst hurricane. Charles Coghlan, a famous Irish actor, moved to Canada, then New York, and finally Galveston, where he died in 1899, a year before the hurricane came. In the hurricane, his 8.
was destroyed and his coffin 9. up in the sea, which was 10. by the Gulf Stream to his home on Prince Edward Island in the east of Canada eight years later.cemeteryendedcarriedThe violence of nature is very terrible, especially earthquakes. Can you tell us the effects of earthquakes?
__________________________________________________
__________________________________________________
__________________________________________________
__________________________________________________参考答案：(1) Earthquakes may make many people lose their home and relatives suddenly.
(2)Sometimes, earthquakes can cause severe tsunami, and each of us cannot forget the tsunami in Japan.
(3)As far as I know, most people in the earthquake-stricken areas need a long time to get rid of the bad effects caused by earthquakes, especially those who lost their relatives.课件66张PPT。Module 3Section Ⅱ语言点一语言点二语言点三识记·掌握理解·拓展应用·落实识记·掌握理解·拓展应用·落实识记·掌握理解·拓展应用·落实Ⅰ.词义配对
1．disaster　　　　　　　　 A．羽毛
2．feather B．导致
3．occur C．热带的
4．cause D．纬度5．tropical E．灾难
6．latitude F．海流；潮流
7．current G．飓风
8．hurricane H．发生
答案：1.E　2.A　3.H　4.B　5.C　6.D　7.F　8.GⅡ.根据所给词性及汉语释义写出单词
1． vt.经历→ adj.有经验的；熟练的
2． n．家具→ vt.配置(家具等)；装备
3． vt.埋葬→ n．埋葬；葬礼
4． adj.猛烈的；激烈的；强烈的→ adv.猛
烈地；强烈地→ n．暴力；强烈
5． vt. & n．(雷电、暴风雨等)袭击→ (过去式)
→ (过去分词)experienceexperiencedfurniturefurnishburyburialviolentviolentlyviolencestrikestruckstruck/stricken1．experience v. 体验，经历，遭受 n．[C]经历，阅历；
[U]经验， 体验
(一)背诵佳句培养语感
(教材原句)Have you ever experienced a flood?
你曾经经历过一次洪水吗？
(鲜活例句)Mr. Brown, a teacher with much experience in teaching, told us one of his terrible experiences in the desert.布朗先生，一位教学经验丰富的老师，告诉了我们他在沙漠中的一次可怕的经历。
(鲜活例句)He experienced a lot of difficulties doing that work.
做那项工作时他遇到了很多困难。 (二)归纳拓展全析考点(1)from/by experience　　　　　　凭经验；从经验中
(2)experienced adj. 有经验的
be experienced in ... 在……方面有经验①It is important to try and learn from/by experience.
努力从经验中学习是很重要的。
②He looking after the sick.
他在照顾病人方面很有经验。is experienced in2．cause vt.引起；导致；使发生 n．原因，起因；缘故；
事业
(一)背诵佳句培养语感
(教材原句)Do you know anything about the events? For example, what causes them?
你知道关于这些灾难的一些事情吗？例如，它们是怎么引起的？(鲜活例句)The wound isn't serious, but may cause some discomfort.
伤口并不严重，但可能会引起一些不适。
(鲜活例句)What's the cause of the plane crash?
飞机失事的起因是什么？(二)归纳拓展全析考点(1)cause sb. to do sth.　　　　　　 使某人做某事
cause sb. sth. 给某人招致某事
(2)cause and effect 因果关系①This kind of disease caused many Germans great anxiety.
这种疾病给许多德国人带来了巨大的焦虑。
②What caused him his mind?
什么使他改变了主意？to change(三)明辨易混失误防范
比较　reason, cause, excuse用reason, cause和excuse填空
③The of the fire was unknown.
④What's the for your hurry?
⑤When he is late, he can always find a(n) .causereasonexcuse3．bury vt.埋葬；覆盖；埋头于(一)背诵佳句培养语感
(教材原句)The cemetery where Coghlan was buried was destroyed by the hurricane and Coghlan's coffin ended up in the sea.
掩埋科格伦的公墓被飓风所摧毁，他的棺材最后被卷入了大海。
(鲜活例句)The dog buried its bone in the garden.
狗把骨头埋在花园里。(二)归纳拓展全析考点bury sb./sth. in/at　　　　　 将……埋葬在
bury sth. under/beneath 将……埋在……下面
bury one's head/face in hands 用手捂住头/脸
bury oneself in＝be buried in 埋头于①He turned away, burying his face in the pillow.
他转过身，把脸埋在枕头里。
②She buried her face in her hands and wept.
她双手掩面哭了起来。
③After the divorce, she herself her work.
离婚后，她埋头于工作。
④After failing in the college entrance examination, he
his studies.
高考失意后，他埋头于学习。buriedinwas buried in/buried himself in4．occur vi.发生
(一)背诵佳句培养语感
(教材原句)Almost all of them occur in the US, in the area from Texas in the southeast to South Dakota in the north.
几乎所有的龙卷风都发生在美国东南部的得克萨斯州到北部南达科塔州一带地区。
(鲜活例句)A deadly train crash occurred near the small town last Saturday.
上周六，在那个小镇附近发生了一起严重的火车相撞事件。(二)归纳拓展全析考点occur to sb.　　　　　被某人想到；出现在某人头脑里
It occurs to sb.that .../to do sth.
某人忽然想起……/要做某事①A good idea occurred to me.
我突然想出了一个好主意。
②Did it your husband might be late?
你当时想到你丈夫也许会迟到的事吗？occur to you that(三)明辨易混失误防范
比较　occur, happen, take place, break out用occur, happen, take place和break out填空
③That accident yesterday.
④A fire during the night.
⑤The meeting at 8：00 as planned.
⑥I suppose it never to you to phone the police.happenedbroke outtook placeoccurred5．strike v．(雷电、暴风雨等)袭击；打；敲；(使)鸣；罢
工；突然想到；打动(某人的心) n．袭击；罢工
(一)背诵佳句培养语感
(教材原句)By the late 1890s, he had moved to Galveston, where he died in 1899, a year before the hurricane struck.19世纪90年代后期，他迁到加尔维斯顿，于1899年在那里去世。第二年，飓风袭击了那里。
(鲜活例句)After being struck by lightning, the signal system at the railway station failed to turn one of its green lights to red, which caused the accident.
那个火车站的信号指示系统遭受雷击后错将其中一盏红灯显示为绿灯，结果造成了事故。写出下列各句中strike的汉语意思
①A snowball struck him on the head.
②The church clock struck eleven when I reached the village.
③A bright idea suddenly struck me.
④The visitors were struck by the beauty of the country.

⑤The workers in Paris are still on strike. 打，击(钟)敲响报时突然想到打动(某人的心)罢工(二)明辨易混失误防范
比较　strike, beat, hit用strike, beat和hit填空
⑥The rain was against the window.
⑦A stone the little boy on the head.
⑧The Chinese Volleyball team Cuba by 3-1 in the opening game.beatingstruck/ hit beatⅠ.选词填空experience， cause， bury， occur， strike1．Carelessness is the of his failure.
2．It had never to me that I might be a top
student.
3．Graduates are often lack of in choosing a job.causeoccurredexperience4.The climbers were under a pile of rocks. 5.People from all over the country came to help the victims after the earthquake the city.buriedstruckⅡ.单项填空
1．—Our country has ________ great changes in the last
thirty years.
—Yes, I'm proud of her.
A．experienced　　　　　　　　　B．developed
C．shared D．experimented
解析： 　考查动词辨析。句意：“我们国家过去30年经历了很大的变化。”“是的，我为她感到骄傲。”
experience“经历”，符合句意。develop“发展，完善”；share“分担，分享”；experiment“实验，尝试”。选A2．It never ________ to me that such a young boy could
play the violin so perfectly.
A．happened B．hit
C．struck D．occurred
解析： 　考查固定句型。It occurs/occurred to sb. that ...“某人想到……”。选D3．We haven't got ________ furniture in the room, and
there is only a bed and two chairs.
A．any B．many
C．some D．much
解析： 　句意：我们房间里没有很多家具，只有一张床和两把椅子。furniture为不可数名词，不能用many而要用much修饰。some要用于肯定句，由后半句可知房间内有几样家具，排除any。选D4．Many men were ________ underground when there was
an accident in the mine.
A．burying B．buried
C．built D．building
解析： 　句意：煤矿发生事故时，很多人被埋在井下。bury“埋葬”，build“建造”。根据句意可知选B，此处bury与主语many men之间是被动关系，故要用一般过去时的被动语态。选B5．The idea suddenly ________ me was that we had taken
the wrong road.
A．struck B．striking
C．appearing D．appeared
解析： 　strike“(意念等)浮上……心头”，sth. strike(s) sb.可表示“某人想起某事”；appear“出现”，是不及物动词，不能直接带宾语。此处suddenly striking me相当于定语从句that suddenly struck me，作定语修饰the idea。选B1． the same latitude在同一纬度
2．refer 指代；参考
3．pick 拾起；卷起；掀起；接收；偶然学到
4．take 去掉；脱下；起飞；取消
5． average 平均起来
6． all time 人类历史上；有史以来
7．end 结果为……，以……结束ontoupoffon of up1．pick up卷起；掀起；捡起；拿起；提起
(教材原句)Tornadoes can pick up cars, trains and even houses and put them down in the next street—or even in the next town.
龙卷风能卷起汽车、火车，甚至房屋，把它们卷到旁边的街道——甚至能卷到邻近的城镇。写出下列句子中pick up的汉语意思
①The Young Pioneer turned over to the police the wallet he had picked up in the street. 拾起，捡起②A good rest picked the tired players up.

③Looking through the evening paper last night, I picked up a beautiful poem.
④The bus stopped several times to pick up passengers.

⑤We do not have a receiver sensitive enough to pick up the signal. 使人精神振作起来偶然获得搭载接收2．take off去掉，脱掉
(一)背诵佳句培养语感
(教材原句)They can take the fur off the back of a cat and the feathers off a chicken.
龙卷风能够剥掉猫背上的皮，拔净鸡身上的毛。
(鲜活例句)The boy took off his clothes and went to bed.
男孩脱掉衣服上床去睡了。(鲜活例句)His business is taking off after going through the financial crisis.
经历了经济危机后，他的事业正逐渐取得成功。
(鲜活例句)He took two weeks off in August.
他在八月份休了两个星期的假。[点津]
take off除“脱掉，去掉”含义之外，还有“起飞，休假，成功，减去，摘下，突然流行”等意义。(二)归纳拓展全析考点take over　　　　　　　 接收；接管
take up 拿起；开始从事；占据①Mr. Black took over the company after his grandpa died.
布莱克先生的爷爷去世之后，他接管了这家公司。
②I'm going to this matter with my lawyer.
我将同我的律师一起着手处理此事。takeup3．on average平均起来，平均来说
(一)背诵佳句培养语感
(教材原句)On average, there are 800 tornadoes in the US each year, causing about 80 deaths and 1,500 injuries.
平均来说，美国每年发生800次龙卷风，造成大约80人死亡、1 500人受伤。(鲜活例句)The World Energy Council estimates that every 1 million kilowatts of wind-generated electricity will save about 600 tons of carbon dioxide emissions on average.
世界能源理事会估计，每100万千瓦的风力发电将平均节省约600吨的二氧化碳排放。(二)归纳拓展全析考点above (the) average　　　　　　 　在平均水平以上
below (the) average 在平均水平以下
the average of ... ……的平均数①The average of 4, 6 and 8 is 6.
4、6和8的平均数是6。
②Susie's school work is (the) average.
苏西的学习成绩高于/低于平均水平。
③The employees' average income in this company is about $1,500 a month.
这家公司的员工平均收入大约是每月1 500美元。above/below4．end up结果为……，以……结束
(一)背诵佳句培养语感
(鲜活例句)He waited for the train for nearly an hour, but ended up as the last one to go aboard.
他等火车等了近一个小时，结果却是最后一个上车的。
(鲜活例句)We were going to go out, but ended up watching videos at home.
我们原计划外出，但结果却是待在家里看录像。(二)归纳拓展全析考点end up with　　　　　　　　　以……结束/告终
end up as 最终成为
end up doing ... 结果做了……
end in ... 以……为结果①Winning the competition put an end to his financial problems.
在比赛中获胜使他的财政问题随之消失。
②Their long struggle ended in failure.
他们的长期的斗争以失败而告终。Ⅰ.选词填空end up， take off， on average， pick up， put down1． ,men smoke more cigarettes than women.
2．We were going to see a film, but chatting all
day.
3．If you sing it several times, your children will begin to
the words.
4．Once I started reading it, I just couldn't it .
5．He his raincoat and took out the key.On averageended uppick upputdowntook offⅡ.单项填空
1．He was a good student and scored ________ average in
most subjects.
A．below B．of
C．on D．above
解析： 　考查介词。句意：他是一个好学生，大多数科目得分高于平均水平。above average“高于平均数”，符合句意。below average“低于平均数”；on average“平均起来，一般说来”。选D2．(2012·四川高考)It's surprising that your brother
________ Russian so quickly — he hasn't lived there very long.
A．picked up B．looked up
C．put up D．made up
解析： 　考查动词短语辨析。pick up“(无意之间、偶然地)学会”；look up“(在书籍中)查找”；put up“张贴；搭建”；make up“构成；编造”。句意：令人惊奇的是，你弟弟如此快就学会说俄语了——他在那儿生活的时间并不长。根据句意选A。选A3．He joined the firm as an office boy, but he gained rapid
promotion, and ________ a manager.
A．ended up B．ended in
C．ended up with D．ended up as
解析： 　句意：他刚进公司时还是个勤杂工，但是他提升得很快，结果现在成了一个经理。end up“结果为……”；end in“结果是……”；end up with“以……结束”；end up as“最终成为”。选D4．Sam ________ some knowledge of the computer just by
watching others working on it.
A．brought up B．looked up
C．picked up D．set up
解析： 　此处pick up表示“(偶然)学会”；bring up“抚养，呕吐”；look up“向上看，查阅”；set up“建立”。选C5．Would you please ________ this form for me to see if
I've filled it in right?
A．take off B．look after
C．give up D．go over
解析： 　考查动词短语辨析。go over“查看，检查”，符合句意。take off“脱掉，去掉，起飞”；look after“照
顾”；give up“放弃”。选D1．[句型展示]　They can destroy houses, but
leave_the_furniture_inside_exactly_where_it_was.
它们能毁掉房子，却把房内的家具留在原处。
[典例背诵]　Don't leave the child at home alone.
不要把孩子独自留在家里。2．[句型展示]　On average, there are 800 tornadoes in
the US each year, causing_about_80_deaths_and_1,500_injuries.
平均来说，美国每年发生800次龙卷风，造成大约80人死亡、1 500人受伤。
[典例背诵]　His parents died, leaving him an orphan.
父母去世了，他成了孤儿。3. [句型展示]　By_the_time it ended, more than 700
people had_been_killed and 2,700 had_been_injured.
风停时，已有700多人死亡，2 700人受伤。
[典例背诵]　By the time he is twenty, he will have learned 6,000 English words.
到他20岁时，他将学会6 000个英语单词。1．They can destroy houses, but
leave_the_furniture_inside_exactly_where_it_was.
它们能毁掉房子，却把房内的家具留在原处。
leave the furniture inside exactly where it was是“leave＋宾语＋宾语补足语”结构，表示“让……处于某种状态”的意思。宾语补足语可以是现在分词、形容词、副词、介词短语、过去分词和动词不定式等。①What we've done leaves much to be desired.
我们的工作还有很多不足之处。
②His illness left him .
他生病以后，身体很虚弱。
③They walked off and left me there alone.
他们走开了，留我一个人坐在那儿。
④You mustn't leave him in the dark.
你不能瞒着他。very weaksitting 2．By_the_time it ended, more than 700 people
had_been_killed and 2,700 had_been_injured.
风停时，已有700多人死亡，2 700人受伤。
by the time表示“到……为止”，引导时间状语从句，若表达的是到过去某个时候为止，主句常用过去完成时态；若表达的是到将来某个时候为止，主句常用将来完成时态；若表达的是现在的时间，主句则用现在完成时。①By the time he was fourteen years old, Einstein had learned advanced mathematics all by himself.
到14岁的时候，爱因斯坦就已经自学完了高等数学。
②By the time John finishes his homework, his classmates
to play football.
到约翰做完作业时，他的同学将已离开去踢足球了。shall have left完成句子
1．登上顶时，他气喘吁吁。
He was out of breath .
2．到你回来时，我将已经把活做完了。
By the time you get back, .
3．等他回到家时，雨已经停了。
By the time he returned home, .by the time he reached the topI shall have finished the workthe rain had stopped4．他出去时把文件摊在桌上了。
He went out leaving his papers .
5．你最好让门开着来透透新鲜空气。
You‘d better to let in the fresh air.lying open on the deskleave the door open 课件57张PPT。Module 3Section Ⅲ语言点一语言点二语言点三识记·掌握理解·拓展应用·落实识记·掌握理解·拓展应用·落实识记·掌握理解·拓展应用·落实语篇理解Ⅰ.True (T) or False (F)．
1．The most serious earthquake in China occurred in
1556. ( )
2．The California Earthquake was the most serious
earthquake in the United States, and it lasted for only an hour. ( )
3．China had many earthquakes because China is
situated in the active earthquake regions. ( )TFTⅡ.Choose the best answer according to the passage.
1．How many earthquakes happen in the world a year?
A．About two.
B．More than 100,000.
C．About 400.
D．More than 12,000.2．How many people were there in the eight provinces in
Central China in 1556?
A．800 million.　　　　　　 B．830,000.
C．1,362,000. D．332,000.3．What did the most damage in the California
Earthquake in 1906?
A．eire caused by the earthquake.
B．The Earthquake itself.
C．3,000 deaths in the earthquake.
D．The movement on the San Andreas Fault.4．Which of the following is TRUE according to the text?
A．More than a hundred earthquakes occur worldwide
in a year.
B．The earthquake happening in Shaanxi Province in
1556 caused 830,000 people killed.
C．The California Earthquake only lasted to 5：15
a．m.
D．In the California Earthquake the fires only caused
about 3,000 deaths.
答案：1.B　2.C　3.A　4.BⅠ.根据所给词性及汉语释义写出单词
1． n．可能；可能性→ adj.可能的
→ adv.可能地
2． adj.吓人的；可怕的→ adj.害怕的；
恐惧的→ v．使……害怕→ n．恐怖
3． adv.幸运地；幸亏→ adj.幸运的→
n．运气possibilitypossiblepossiblyterrifyingterrifiedterrifyterrorluckilyluckyluck4． n．警告→ v．警告
5． adj.积极的；活跃的→ v．行动；扮演
→ n．行动，活动warningwarnactiveactactivityⅡ.根据英文释义及首字母提示写出单词
1． (n.& v．) physical harm that is done to
something or to a part of someone's body, so that it is broken or injured
2． (vt.) to spoil or destroy something completely
3． (n.) a mountain with a large hole at the top,
through which lava (＝ very hot liquid rock) is sometimes forced outdamageruinvolcano4． (adj.) having happened or existed before the
event, time, or thing that you are talking about now
5． (adv.) used to say that you are glad that
something has happened, especially because a difficult situation has ended or been avoided
6． (adv.) a way of saying what you hope will
happen, which some people think is incorrect
7． (adj.) everywhere in the worldpreviousthankfullyhopefullyworldwide1．ruin vt.毁坏　n．毁灭; (pl.)废墟，遗迹
(一)背诵佳句培养语感
(教材原句)She returned home and found all her furniture had been ruined by the flood.
她回到家发现所有的家具都已被洪水破坏了。
(鲜活例句)Don't keep bad hours. It might ruin your health.
不要晚睡早起，你的健康可能受损。
(鲜活例句)We visited the ruins of the temple.
我们参观了那座庙宇的遗迹。(二)归纳拓展全析考点in ruins　　　　　　成为废墟，遭到严重破坏①The earthquake left the whole town in ruins.
那次地震过后，全城到处是残垣断壁。(三)明辨易混失误防范
比较　ruin, damage, destroy用ruin, damage和destroy填空
②The building was in the earthquake.
③The bus was badly when it hit the wall.
④He has his health through drinking heavily.destroyeddamagedruined2．possibility n．可能；可能性
(一)背诵佳句培养语感
(教材原句)When the lava reached the sea, there was the possibility of a huge tidal wave which could flood half the island.
当岩浆到达大海时，有可能引起巨大的浪潮，这种浪潮会淹没半个岛屿。
(鲜活例句)Life on other planets is a possibility.
其他行星上有生命是可能的。(二)归纳拓展全析考点(1)There is no possibility that ...　 没有可能……
There is a possibility that ... 有可能……
There is no possibility of sth./doing sth.
没有……的可能
(2)possible adj. 可能的；合适的
impossible adj. 不可能的
It is impossible/possible that ... 不可能/可能……
(3)possibly adv. 可能；或许①There is now no possibility that she will make a full recovery.
她现在已不可能完全康复。
②There is a good possibility of rain tonight.
今晚很可能要下雨。
③ I gave them the wrong number.
也许我给了他们错误的号码。
④This is possibly their worst performance ever.
这也许是他们迄今为止最糟糕的演出。It's just possible thatⅠ.单词拼写
1．The financial crisis caused a (全世界的)
horror.
2．The accident did a lot of (损坏) to the car.
3．He laughed to (掩饰) his nervousness.
4．She looked at him (悲伤地)．
5． (地震) are one of natural disasters.worldwidedamagecover sadlyEarthquakes6．Although he's quite old, he's still .
7．The change in climate may your health.
8．You should be to have escaped with only minor
injuries.
9．Coke(焦炭)is an economical fuel but it leaves a lot of
.
10．A big fire left the whole city in .activethankfulashruinsaffectⅡ.单项填空
1．That car accident ________ all his life. After that he
was limited to a wheelchair.
A．damaged　　　　　　　　B．destroyed
C．harmed D．ruined
解析： 　句意：那起车祸毁灭了他的生活，从此以后他只能坐在轮椅上了。考查动词词义辨析。ruin his life“毁坏了他的生活”。选D2．—Is there any possibility ________ you could pick me
up at the airport?
—No problem.
A．when B．what
C．whether D．that
解析： 　句意：“你能去机场用车接我吗？”“没问题。”“Is there any possibility that ...？”为固定句型，意思是“有可能……吗？”选D3．—The earthquake last night was really terrible.
—________， no people were injured or killed, and
they escaped in time.
A．Luckily B．Hopefully
C．Sadly D．Unfortunately
解析： 　句意：“昨天晚上的地震真可怕。”“幸运的是，没有人伤亡，人们及时躲避了。”luckily“幸运的是”，符合句意。hopefully“有望”；sadly“难过的是”；unfortunately“不幸的是”。选A4．“If you go on stealing, you will ________ your future,
young man！” said the judge.
A．destroy B．damage
C．ruin D．break
解析： 　ruin在句中表示抽象含义，意为“毁掉(某人的名声、前途、希望等)”。destroy彻底摧毁或毁灭；damage对物体的部分损伤或造成其功能的降低，但可以修复；break某物因被打破或撕破而受到破坏，可指有形或无形的破坏。选C1．take 　　　　　　　 发生
2．warn sb. sth. 警告某人某事
3． fire 着火；起火
4．put 熄灭；扑灭(火)
5． all 总共；总计placeof catchoutin6． all 毕竟
7． one's life 失去生命
8． an area of 占地……
9．set fire 放火(焚烧)
10．according 根据afterlosecovertoto1．set fire to (＝set ... on fire) 放火(焚烧)
(一)背诵佳句培养语感
(教材原句)Ash and lava poured down the mountain, setting fire to hundreds of houses.
火山灰和岩浆从山上流下来，引燃了成百上千所房子。
(鲜活例句)The man who set fire to the forest has been arrested.
纵火烧森林的那个人已被逮捕。(二)归纳拓展全析考点catch fire　　　　　　　　　　　　着火(动作)
be on fire 着火(状态)
make a fire 生火
put out a fire 扑灭火①Suddenly a pan of oil catches fire.
突然油锅着火了。
②A house was on fire last night.
昨天夜里有一处房屋失火了。
③The room was so cold that he had to .
房间里太冷，他只得生火。make a fire2．put out熄灭；扑灭(火)
(一)背诵佳句培养语感
(教材原句)We put all the fires out.
我们扑灭了所有的火。
(鲜活例句)If you don't put the fire out, it will soon set the whole forest on fire.
假如你不把这些火熄灭，很快就会使整个森林着火。
(鲜活例句)He put out the cigarette immediately he heard his father coming back.
一听到父亲回来的声音，他就把香烟熄掉了。(二)归纳拓展全析考点put aside　　　　　　　 搁置一旁；储蓄
put away 放好，收起来
put forward 向前移动；建议；推荐某人
put through 接通(电话)
put up with 忍受
put off 推迟①Put aside ￡ 5 a week for your holiday.
每星期存5英镑作为度假费用。
②If she's not in, can you me to her secretary?
她如果不在，请替我把电话接到她的秘书那里去好吗？putthrough3．in all总共；总计
(一)背诵佳句培养语感
(教材原句)In all, 830,000 people lost their lives.
在那次地震中共有830 000人丧生。
(鲜活例句)He visited, in all, ten hospitals in China.
他在中国共参观了10家医院。(二)归纳拓展全析考点above all　　　 最重要的是，首先
after all 毕竟，终究
at all 完全，全然；究竟；竟然
not at all 一点也不，根本不；别客气；没有什么
all in all 总之，从各方面来说
first of all 首先①If you feel at all ill, come and see me without delay.
如果你感到有点不舒服，就立即来找我。②Well, all in all, I think he's right.
哦，总的来说，我认为他是对的。
③He is a great soldier first of all.
他首先是一位伟大的军人。
④You shouldn't have scolded the boy ;he is a child
; ,he made only two mistakes .
你根本不该责备那男孩，他毕竟还是个孩子；更重要的是，他总共才出了两处错。at allafter all above allin allⅠ.选词填空set fire to， put out， in all， catch fire， take place， after all1．We received many hundreds of letters .
2．She was standing too close to the fireplace and her
dress .in allcaught fire3．A boy a firework, and it burned on the
sticks.
4．Only the shell of the factory was left after the fire had
been .
5．Why shouldn't she eat the cake? ,she made it.
6．Great changes have in our hometown
during the past ten years.set fire toput outAfter alltaken placeⅡ.单项填空
1．Her house ________ at 6 o'clock this morning and it
________ for about an hour.
A．was on fire; caught fire
B．caught fire; was on fire
C．had caught fire; had been on fire
D．caught a fire; was on fire
解析： 　catch fire强调动作，常与时间点连用；be on fire则强调持续的状态，可与时间段连用。由时间状语可知用一般过去时态。选B2．(2012·新课标全国卷)Mary is really good at taking
notes in class. She can ________ almost every word her teacher says.
A．put out B．put down
C．put away D．put together
解析： 　考查动词短语辨析。后句句意：她几乎能把老师说的每句话都记下来。put down“写下，记下”，符合语境。选B3．I'd like to buy a house, modern, comfortable, and
________ in a quiet neighborhood.
A．in all B．above all
C．after all D．at all
解析： 　考查副词短语的辨析。句意：我想买一所新式的、舒适的房子，最重要的是，周围环境要幽静。in all“总计，共计”；above all“首先，最重要的是”；after all“毕竟，终究”；at all“根本，全然”(一般用于否定句中)。根据句意选B。选B4．—What ________ that little girl yesterday?
—Her cat died.
A．took place B．took place to
C．happened D．happened to
解析： 　根据“that little girl”可知是人发生了什么事，某人发生某事要用词组sth. happen to sb.，而不用take place。选D1．[句型展示]　When the lava reached the sea,
there_was_the_possibility_of a huge tidal wave which could flood half the island.
当岩浆到达大海时，有可能引起巨大的浪潮，这种浪潮会淹没半个岛屿。
[典例背诵]　There is no possibility that we will finish the work in such a short time.
在这样短的时间内我们不可能完成这项工作。2．[句型展示]　In some communities,
60_percent_of_the_population_were killed.
在一些社区，有60%的人遇难。
[典例背诵]　About 70 percent of the population in China are farmers.
中国大约70%的人口是农民。3．[句型展示]　The California Earthquake of the 18th of
April 1906 is the_worst_earthquake_that_has_ever_happened_in_the_United_States.
1906年4月18日发生的加利福尼亚地震是美国历史上最严重的一次地震。
[典例背诵]　This is one of the most beautiful places that I have ever visited.
这是我曾游览的最漂亮的地方之一。4．[句型展示]　Fires
caused_by_the_California_Earthquake did the most damage.
加利福尼亚地震引起的火灾危害最大。
[典例背诵]　Prices of daily goods bought through a computer can be lower than some store prices.
在网上购买日常物品的价格会比在商店购买时的物价低。The California Earthquake of the 18th of April 1906 is the_worst_earthquake_that_has_ever_happened_in_the_United_States.
1906年4月18日发生的加利福尼亚地震是美国历史上最严重的一次地震。(1)本句中that has ever happened in the United States是定
语从句，修饰先行词earthquake。先行词是形容词最高级或先行词的前面有形容词最高级修饰时，关系代词用that，且定语从句常用完成时。
①The best that I could do was to apologize.
我唯一能做的就是赔礼道歉了。
②This is one of the most exciting football games
.
这是我看过的最激动人心的足球赛之一。 that I have ever watched(2)当先行词是物时，可以用that或which引导定语从句，
但是下列情况只能用that而不能用which来引导定语从句：
·当先行词是不定代词时，如all, much, little, few, anything,
everything, none, nothing等。
·当先行词是序数词、形容词最高级或先行词被序数词、形
容词最高级修饰时。
·当先行词被the only, the same, the very, the last等修饰
时。
·当先行词中既有人又有物时。
·当主语是以who或which开头的特殊疑问句时。③He told me everything that he knew.
他把知道的一切都告诉了我。
④We talked about the persons and things
.
我们谈论所记起的人和事。
⑤Who is the man that is making a speech?
作报告的那人是谁？ that we remembered翻译句子
1．这是我读过的一本最有趣的故事书。


2．迄今为止，在有关这个题目的文章中，这一篇是最好的。

This is the most interesting storybook that I have ever read.This is the best article that has ever been written on the subject.4．他父亲写的科学书籍很畅销。

5．本周你有可能到伦敦去吗？

The science book written by his father sells well.Is there any possibility of your getting to London this week?课件52张PPT。Module 3Section Ⅳ语法讲座写作讲座考点精析专题练习佳作观摩技法指导专题练习过去完成时的被动语态和间接引语一、过去完成时的被动语态
过去完成时的被动式表示动作在过去某一时刻或某一动作之前已完成，且谓语动词与主语存在被动关系。句中常用by，before，until，when等词引导时间状语。
1．过去完成时的被动语态有以下三种形式
(1)肯定结构：主语＋had been done＋其他成分
(2)否定结构：主语＋had not been done＋其他成分
(3)疑问句结构：Had＋主语＋been done＋其他成分；
疑问句＋had＋主语＋been done＋其他成分2．过去完成时的被动语态常用于以下情况
(1)表示过去某一时间以前已经完成的动作，常与by，
before等引导的时间状语连用。
By the time he got to the school, the first period had been finished.
当他赶到学校的时候，第一节课已经上完了。
How many buildings had been destroyed when the hurricane ended?
飓风结束的时候，有多少座大楼被毁坏了？[考题印证1]
　(2011·北京高考)Experiments of this kind______in both
the U. S. and Europe well before the Second World War.
A．have conducted　　　　B．have been conducted
C．had conducted D．had been conducted
解析： 　考查时态和语态。因为这种实验在二战之前就已经进行了，应用过去完成时，又因为experiments 与 conduct 之间是动宾关系，所以选D项。选D(2)在told，said，knew，heard，thought等动词之后的宾
语从句中，若表示过去某一被动动作时，用过去完成时。
He heard that the tickets had already been sold out.
他听说票已售完。
The newspaper reported more than 1,000 people had been killed in the hurricane.
报纸报道说有1 000多人在飓风中丧生。(3)根据语意可以判断出动作先后的被动语态，用过去完
成时。
As the work had been done, he went on to search the Internet.
因为作业已经完成，他上网查阅一些资料。
He did what he had been told to.
他是按要求做的。[考题印证2]
　(上海春季高考)John had to have his car repaired in a
garage because it ________ seriously.
A．damaged B．was being damaged
C．had damaged D．had been damaged
解析： 　句意：约翰不得不把他的车送到修理厂修理，因为它受到了严重的损坏。it与damage之间存在逻辑上的动宾关系，应用被动语态；又因约翰修车在后，车坏在前，应用过去完成时，故选D项。选D(4)用在“It was the first/ second ... time that ...”句型中。此
句型主句用一般过去时，that引导的定语从句用过去完成时。
It was the first time that three of them had been beaten in the prison.
这是第一次，他们中有3个人在监狱里都曾遭到过殴打。(5)在虚拟语气中，条件句表示与过去事实相反，且主语
与谓语构成动宾关系。
If I had been invited earlier, I would have gone there.
如果早点儿邀请我的话，我就去了。二、间接引语
直接引述别人的原话，叫做直接引语；用自己的话转述别人的话叫做间接引语。直接引语如改为间接引语，必须在语序、人称、时态和状语方面做相应的变化。1．句型变化
(1)陈述句
直接引语如果是陈述句，变为间接引语时，用连词that引导(that在口语中常省略)。
“I will never forget this interesting lesson，” said Paul.
“我永远不会忘记这有趣的一课，”保罗说。
→Paul said that he would never forget that interesting lesson.
保罗说他永远不会忘记那有趣的一课。(2)疑问句
直接引语如果是疑问句，变为间接引语时，要把疑问句语序改为陈述句语序(主语在谓语前面)，句末用句号，主语的人称、时态和状语也要做相应的变化。①一般疑问句：直接引语如果是一般疑问句，变为间接引语时，要用连词whether或if引导。主句中的谓语动词是said时，要改为asked。没有间接宾语的，可以加一个间接宾语(me, him或us等)。
He said, “Can you speak French？”
他说：“你会说法语吗？”
→He asked me if/whether I could speak French.
他问我是否会说法语。②特殊疑问句：直接引语如果是特殊疑问句，变为间接引语时，仍用原来的疑问词引导。
“Where do you usually have lunch？” he asked me.
“你平常在哪里吃午饭？”他问我。
→He asked me where I usually had lunch.
他问我平常在哪里吃午饭。③选择疑问句和反意疑问句也用whether/if引导。
She asked, “Are you going there or not？”
她问我说：“你去不去哪里？”
→She asked me whether/if I was going there or not.
她问我是否去哪里。
He asked, “You've already finished your homework, haven't you？”
他问我们说：“你们已经完成作业了，是不是？”
→He asked if/whether we had already finished our homework.
他问我们是否已经完成了作业。(3)祈使句
转述祈使句，要将祈使句的动词原形变为带to的不定式，并根据句子意思在不定式的前面加上tell, ask, order等动词，其句型是：tell/ask/order sb. to do sth.，如果祈使句为否定式，则在不定式的前面加not。“Make sure the door is shut，” she said to her little son.
“一定要关上门，”她对她的小儿子说。
→She told her little son to make sure the door was shut.
她对她的小儿子说一定要关上门。
“Don't smoke in the room，” he said to me.
“不要在房间里吸烟，”他对我说。
→He told me not to smoke in the room.
他对我说不要在房间里吸烟。2．时态变化
主句的谓语动词若是一般过去时，从句的谓语动词在时态方面要做相应的变化，总的原则是向过去推一个时态。[点津]　
直接引语变为间接引语时时态不做改变的情况：
·主句的谓语动词为现在或将来时态，从句的时态无需变
化。
·当直接引语是客观真理时，不受时间的限制，因此不需
要变化时态。
·直接引语是一般过去时，并且和具体的过去时间连用，
时态不做改变。He says, “I'm tired.”
→He says that he is tired.
Our geography teacher said to us, “The moon goes around the earth.”
→Our geography teacher told us that the moon goes around the earth.
She said, “I was born in 1995.”
→She said that she was born in 1995.3．指示代词、时间状语、地点状语和动词的变化Ⅰ.将下列直接引语变为间接引语
1．He said, “I am going to see a film this afternoon.”

2．He asked me, “When will you go to Beijing？”

3．Tom told me, “I went to New York last month.”

He said that he was going to see a film that afternoon.He asked me when I would go to Beijing.Tom told me that he had gone to New York the month before.4．Jack told me, “I have waited for you for a long time.”


5．He said, “I came here last week.”

6．He asked me, “Are you fond of football？”
Jack told me that he had waited for me for a long time.He said that he had gone there the week before.He asked me whether I was fond of football.7．The teacher asked him, “What did you do last night and
when did you go to bed？”


8．He asked the boy, “Why were you late again？”

9．I asked her, “Do you live in the school？”
The teacher asked him what he had done the night before and when he had gone to bed.He asked the boy why he had been late again.I asked her whether/if she lived in the school.10．The teacher said to us, “We will have an English test
next Saturday.”

The teacher told us that we would have an English test the next Saturday.Ⅱ.单项填空
1．At the end of the meeting, it was announced that an
agreement________.
A．has been reached　　　　　B．had been reached
C．has reached D．had reached
解析： 　由“it was announced”可知协议已经达成，故判断为“过去的过去”，用过去完成时。另外，reach和agreement之间是动宾关系，要用被动语态。选B2．The kind-hearted couple decided to adopt the child
whose parents ________ in an accident.
A．had been killed B．are killed
C．had killed D．killed
解析： 　kill表示的动作发生在decided之前，且与主语parents之间是动宾关系，因此用过去完成时的被动语态。选A3．By the end of last year, another new gymnasium
________ in Beijing.
A．would be completed
B．was being completed
C．has been completed
D．had been completed
解析： 　主语gymnasium和动词complete之间为被动关系，又由时间状语by the end of last year可知，此处应用过去完成时的被动语态。选D4．The policeman's attention was suddenly caught by a
small box which ________ placed under the Minister's car.
A．has been B．was being
C．had been D．would be
解析： 　考查时态。因为这个小盒子“被放在部长车下”发生在“引起警察注意”之前，即“过去的过去”，所以用过去完成时。选C5．On hearing the news that her lost daughter ________，
the excited mother burst into tears.
A．were found B．has been found
C．would be found D．had been found
解析： 　考查时态。句意：一听到丢失的女儿被找到了这个消息，兴奋的妈妈大哭起来。过去完成时表示到过去某个时间为止已经发生或已经完成的动作或行为。选D6．I felt very happy because it was the third time I
________ as a writer by the newspaper.
A．was awarded B．had been awarded
C．awarded D．would be awarded
解析： 　It was the first/second ...time后接过去完成时态，又因主语I和award是动宾关系，故用过去完成时的被动语态。选B7．My teacher told us that she ________ in April, 1979.
A．had been born B．was born
C．is born D．has born
解析： 　当直接引语中谓语动词为一般过去时，且和具体的时间状语连用时，间接引语的时态不变。选B8．The reporter said that the UFO ________ from east to
west when he saw it.
A．was traveling B．traveled
C．had been traveling D．was to travel
解析： 　句意：那位记者说当他看到那个UFO时，它正自东向西飞行。主句为一般过去时，从句亦应用过去的时态，由语境可知A项切题。选A9．John asked me ________ to visit his uncle's farm with
him.
A．how would I like B．if or not would I like
C．whether I would like D．which I would like
解析： 　一般疑问句变为间接引语要用whether或if引导，且要用陈述语气。选C10．The young man, who by then ________ admission to
university, decided to do some part-time jobs to gain more practical experience.
A．gained B．was gaining
C．has gained D．had gained
解析： 　考查动词时态。根据句意，获得录取通知发生在决定打工之前，故用过去完成时。选D　描述自然灾害根据以下内容写一篇100词左右的新闻报道。 ①The eruption of the Merapi volcano occurred on 5th November, 2010. ②It lasted for three hours and caused serious damage to the villages nearby. ③Houses in two villages have been completely destroyed. ④Along with the eruption, several earthquakes happened, destroying many buildings. ⑤The explosive sound could be heard at a distance of 20 km away. ⑥After the eruption, many places were covered with ash as thick as 5 mm. ⑦Due to low visibility, the airports had to be closed down. ⑧In all, the eruption has caused 78 deaths and 1.3 million people were forced to leave their homes.①句：开门见山介绍Merapi火山爆发及爆发的时间。
②至⑤句：详细介绍火山爆发的具体过程。
⑥至⑧句：描述火山爆发之后造成的危害。②至④句分别用caused serious damage，completely destroyed和现在分词短语destroying many buildings详细描写了火山爆发的具体过程。
⑥句用After the eruption引出火山爆发后的危害。
⑧句中用了in all作总结，描述火山爆发的人员伤亡情况。 关于自然灾害的短文属于记叙文范畴。在写作中，首先要把灾难发生的地点、时间、带来的损失写清楚。一篇优秀的文章还应包括以下几个方面：
1．描写受损害地区的位置、人口及其美丽之处，与
自然灾难形成反差对比，增进人们对自然灾难毁坏性 的了解。
2．通过描写自然灾难对于人类生命和财产的破坏，提高人们对预防灾难、珍惜生命和保护财产的意识。
3．体现自然灾难面前，人人相互支持、相互关爱的 人文精神。
4．通过描写自然灾难的产生，提高人类的环保意识。[黄金表达]
①It is reported that ...
②...happened/took place/broke out ...
③A terrible earthquake/flood hit/struck ...
④Everything was destroyed.
⑤Almost all the houses were destroyed.⑥Thousands of people were made homeless.
⑦At present, fresh water, food and shelters are badly needed.
⑧Measures have been taken to help ...
⑨Luckily, the army has been sent to rescue ...
⑩What are the causes of floods (earthquake/hurricane)? 请根据下列文字提示写一篇100词左右的短文。
2011年3月11日，日本东北部发生9.0级地震，此次地震是日本历史上最大的一次，造成几万人伤亡，并造成重大财产损失，还引发了核泄漏。地震震中位于太平洋海域，东京有强烈震感。地震引发的海啸影响到太平洋沿岸的大部分地区。地震发生后，世界各地的人纷纷为日本灾区人民捐款捐物，帮助他们渡过难关。
参考词汇：9.0级9-magnitude；财产损失property losses；核泄漏nuclear leak；震中epicenter[参考范文]
A 9-magnitude earthquake struck Japan on March 11,2011. It has been the most powerful earthquake ever to hit Japan, causing tens of thousands of deaths and injuries and serious property losses. It led to serious nuclear leaks as well. The epicenter of the earthquake lied in the Pacific coast, but people in Tokyo could feel it strongly. Most areas along the Pacific coast were affected by the tsunami following the earthquake. After the earthquake, people around the world donated money and things to the inhabitants there to help them go through the difficulty.课件26张PPT。Module 4Section ⅠStep 1Step 2Step 3Step 4Step 51．Have you even been caught in a sandstorm? What do
you think is the best way to prevent a sandstorm?
2．Do you know about the dust storm? Do you know what
damage a dust storm may cause? Dust storms don‘t just happen in the middle of the desert. They happen in any dry area where loose dirt can be easily picked up. Grains of sand thrown into the air by the wind usually fall back down to the ground after a few hours. Smaller bits of particles (颗粒) stay in the air for a week or longer and can be blown thousands of miles away. Dust from the Sahara desert is always blown across the Atlantic, causing bright red sunrises and sunsets in Miami. The dust doesn‘t stop there. It keeps traveling as far as the Caribbean and the Amazon Basin. A dust storm is a strong, violent wind that carries fine particles like clay, dust and other materials for long distances. The fine particles dance around in the air during the storm. The scary thing about a dust storm is that they can spread over hundreds of miles and rise over 10,000 feet (305 meters)－well over the height of a telephone pole. They also have wind speeds of at least 25 miles per hour (40 kilometers), which may be not strong enough to blow the feathers off a chicken but still something worth avoiding. Don‘t be surprised if you suddenly see a dust storm heading your way. Dust storms usually arrive without warning. The dust is blinding, making driving impossible. Often they only last for a few minutes but storms usually leave serious car accidents behind. If you’re in a car during a dust storm, remind the driver to pull over to the side of the road and turn off the headlights. Never stop in the middle of the road. During the 1960s there were eight dust storms that caused some serious damage. Recently Australia was having problems with dust storms. Researchers said the storms cost Australia about 20 million dollars a year in medical bills because of diseases caused by dust storms.
In mild dust storms it‘s still possible to walk around although you wouldn’t want to. The wind carrying the dust will leave things looking like they were just hit by a tornado. The best thing to do is find safe cover in a building or stay in your car.Ⅰ.When looking at the following pictures, what may
occur in your mind?
Sandstorms of course! Do you know the harmful effects of sandstorms?As far as I know, sandstorms can_____________________
___________________________________________________
___________________________________________________
参考答案：①kill people and animals, pull down buildings and cause poor harvests.
②pollute the atmosphere and carry away top soil. The breaking out of sandstorms brings more solid pollutions into the atmosphere and damages the environment and soil in the attacked areas, thus affecting the agriculture for many years.Ⅱ.Do you know how many kinds of behaviors are
unfriendly to the environment?
_______________________________________________
_______________________________________________
参考答案：cutting down the trees/using plastic bags/ pouring waste water into rivers and oceans/giving out poisonous waste gasesScan the passage and match each paragraph with its main idea.
Para. 1　　A．Sandstorms sometimes affect Beijing.
Para. 2 B．Sandstorms do a lot of damage to people.
Para. 3 C．The government plants trees to prevent
sandstorms.
Para. 4 D．Sandstorms have been a major disaster for
many Asian countries for centuries.Para. 5 E．Sandstorms in Asia.
Para. 6 F．Sandstorms in China appear to have
increased.
答案：Para. 1－Para. 6　DEFABCⅠ.Choose the best answer according to the passage.
1．When sandstorms happen, what will you wear if you
go out?
A．A hat.　　　　　　　　　 B．A coat.
C．A mask. D．A tie.
2．How many kilometres is the desert away to the west of
Beijing?
A．350. B．250.
C．150. D．200.3．Which statement is WRONG?
A．People sometimes can't forecast the strength of a
storm.
B．The government plans to continue planting trees
for the next ten years.
C．Northwest China is part of the sandstorm center in
Central Asia.
D．Sandstorms sometimes affect Beijing.4．According to the text, we can learn that
sandstorms________.
A．cause people to buy more masks
B．are difficult to deal with
C．are not dangerous but frightening
D．will disappear within five years5．Which of the following is TRUE according to the text?
A．Ren Jianbo thought he would probably die from the
sandstorm.
B．A sandstorm can be forecast several months before
it arrives.
C．Huang Xiaomei frequently cycles in sandstorms.
D．Sandstorms occur in Beijing mainly because of its
dry climate.
答案：1.C　2.B　3.B　4.B　5.AⅡ.Fill in the blanks according to the passage.strong, drysand dunesNorth Americadesert areasclimate changesorangeBeijingmass campaign30 billionfiveFill in blanks according to the passage.
Sandstorms have been a major disaster for many Asian countries for centuries. Scientists have tried many ways to 1. this problem and in China, a mass
2. has been started to help solve it.
Sandstorms are strong, dry winds that carry sand. They are often 3. thick that you can‘t see the sun, and the wind is sometimes strong 4. to move sand dunes.solvecampaignenoughso Northwest China is part of the sandstorm 5. in Central Asia. Sandstorms begin in desert areas. Sandstorms sometimes 6. Beijing. Citizens wake up to an orange sky and strong winds that 7. the city in a thick, brown-yellow dust.
The Chinese Central Weather Station can 8. a sandstorm some weeks before it arrives in Beijing, but the 9. of the storm sometimes surprises people.centreaffectcoverforecaststrength The desert is only 250 kilometres away to the west of Beijing. In order to 10. it coming nearer, the government has planted more than 30 billion trees and plans to continue planting for the next five years.preventWhat should people do to protect themselves when a sandstorm comes?
_________________________________________________
_________________________________________________
_________________________________________________
参考答案：People should wear glasses and masks to protect their eyes and faces. If possible, they should stay at home when a sandstorm comes.课件55张PPT。Module 4Section Ⅱ语言点一语言点二语言点三识记·掌握理解·拓展应用·落实识记·掌握理解·拓展应用·落实识记·掌握理解·拓展应用·落实mass， campaign， sandstorm， frightening， dust， forecast， process， citizen， strength， maskⅠ.根据英语释义选词填空1． 　　a strong wind in a desert area, which
carries sand through the air
2． causing fear or terror
3． a large number/amount ofsandstormfrighteningmass4． a series of planned movements
carried out by armed forces
5． a series of actions that are done in
order to achieve a particular result
6． someone who lives in a particular
town, country, or state
7． the very small pieces of dirtcampaignprocess citizendust8． to say what is likely to happen in the
future, based on the information that
you have now
9． the physical power and energy that
makes someone strong
10． a piece of cloth or other material that
you were over all or part of your face
to protect you from germs or harmful
substancesforecaststrengthmaskⅡ.根据所给词性及汉语释义写出单词
1． adj.吓人的；可怕的→ adj.感到可
怕的→ v．使害怕
2． n．沙尘；灰尘→ adj.满是灰尘的
3． vt.预报；预告→ n．预报员
4． n．力量；力气→ v．加强；巩固
→ adj.强大的；强壮的
5． vi.骑自行车→ n．自行车→ n．骑自
行车的人frighteningfrightenedfrightendustdustyforecastforecasterstrengthstrengthenstrongcyclebicyclecyclist 1．frightening adj.吓人的；可怕的
(一)背诵佳句培养语感
(教材原句)It has lasted for ten hours and was very frightening.
它持续了10个小时并且非常可怕。
(鲜活例句)I had a frightening encounter with a poisonous snake.
我曾意外遇到过一条毒蛇，吓得我要命。(二)归纳拓展全析考点(1)frightened adj.　　　　　　惊吓的，受惊的，害
怕的
be frightened at 受……惊吓
(2)frighten vt. 使惊吓，害怕
frighten sb. into doing sth. 吓唬某人做某事
frighten sb. out of doing sth. 使某人不敢做某事①He was frightened at the thought of his huge debts.
他一想到他背负的巨额债务便胆战心惊。
②The girl was by the
dog.
那个受到惊吓的女孩被那条吓人的狗给吓坏了。
③He frightened the old lady into signing the paper.
他恐吓那位老太太签了字据。frightenedfrightenedfrightening2．mass adj.大量的，大规模的 v．集中，聚集 n．大量；
群众；块，团
(一)背诵佳句培养语感
(教材原句)Scientists have tried many ways to solve this problem and in China, a mass campaign has been started to help solve it.科学家们尝试了好多方法解决这个问题，而且在中国一场大规模解决沙尘暴问题的运动已经开始了。
(鲜活例句)Dark clouds massed on the horizon.
天边乌云密布。
(鲜活例句)Their latest product is aimed at the mass market.
他们的最新产品瞄准了大众市场。(二)归纳拓展全析考点masses of/a mass of　　　　　　　　许多，大量
the mass of 大多数，大部分
the masses 群众，平民①Many countries oppose the development of mass destructive weapons.
许多国家反对研制大规模杀伤性武器。
②There are dark clouds in the sky.
天空中有很多黑云团。
[点津]
a mass of/masses of后可跟可数名词复数或不可数名词，且谓语动词与该名词的数保持一致。masses of/ a mass of 3．strength n．力量；力气
(一)背诵佳句培养语感
(教材原句)．.. but the strength of the storm sometimes surprises people.
……不过有时沙尘暴的力量之大使人们震惊。
(鲜活例句)I don't have the strength to climb any more.
我没有力气再往上爬了。(二)明辨易混失误防范
比较　strength, force, energy, power用strength, force, energy和power填空
①He has got enough to lift the box.
②Knowledge is .
③We should put all our into our study.
④The earthquake in Japan made us realize the of nature.strengthpowerenergyforce4．process n．进程；过程；程序；(自然的)作用 v．加工；
处理
(教材原句)This is a process that happens when land becomes desert because of climate changes and because people cut down trees and dig up grass.
土地变成沙漠的过程是由于气候变化和人类乱砍树木和铲除草地所致。(鲜活例句)It is a long process to obtain a driver's license in the UK.
在英国取得驾驶执照是一个漫长的过程。
(鲜活例句)How fast does the new computer process the data?
这台新计算机处理数据有多快？(二)归纳拓展全析考点in process　　　　　 在进行中
in (the) process of 在……过程中；在……进行中①No Talking. Examination in process.
不要讲话，考试正在进行。
②However, a lot of problems emerge
applying to it.
然而，该方法在实际运用过程中出现了许多问题。in the process ofⅠ.用所给单词的适当形式填空
1．I am (fright) to take the tablets, but also
scared of what will happen if I don't.
2．She is a lawful (city)．
3．My eyes fixed on a (dust) old book at the back of
the shelf. frightenedcitizendusty4．The number of motor vehicles on roads of Beijing is
(forecast) to hit 5 million by the end of the year.
5．They've been sent high energy foods to boost their
(strong)．
6．I want to encourage (cycle) to take advantage of
more opportunities to get out by bike.forecast/forecastedstrengthcyclistsⅡ.单项填空
1．The little boy hasn't the ________ to lift that heavy box.
Let's go and give him a hand!
A．experience　　　　　　　　B．energy
C．force D．strength
解析： 　考查名词辨析。experience“经历”；energy“精力”；force“力，武力”；strength“力气，体力”。根据句意：这小男孩没有那么大力气把那个重箱子提起来。我们去帮他一把吧。根据句意可知答案为D项。选D2．—What happened, dear? You have a ________ look on
your face.
—I saw something very ________ just now.
A．frightened; frightened
B．frightening; frightening
C．frightening; frightened
D．frightened; frightening
解析： 　考查frightened和frightening的用法。frightened常用来描述人或人的表情、声音等，意为“受惊的，受恐吓的”；frightening常用来描述事物的特征、性质，意为“吓人的，可怕的”。选D3．The flowers made a ________ of colour against the
stone wall.
A．mass B．many
C．number D．plenty
解析： 　句意：以石墙衬托着的花朵五彩缤纷。a mass of意为“大量的”，可以修饰不可数名词或可数名词，符合题意。many of和a number of修饰的是可数名词；plenty of既可修饰可数名词，也可以修饰不可数名词，但不和a搭配。选A4．The company is starting a new advertising ________ to
attract new customers to its stores.
A．action B．campaign
C．battle D．war
解析： 　句意：公司开始了新的广告运动来吸引新的顾客去商店。action“行动”；campaign“战役，运动”；battle“战斗”；war“战争” ，只有campaign符合句意。选B5．The supermarket sells many foods that have been
________， so it is convenient to feed your stomach.
A．produced B．stored
C．processed D．charged
解析： 　从后一个分句的意思“填饱肚子很方便”可推知前一分句的意思是 “超市出售很多制作好的食品”。process作动词时意为“加工，处理，制作”。选C1．cut 　　　　　　　　　砍倒
2．dig 挖出
3．be/get caught 突然遭遇(风暴等)
4． a result of 由于
5．wake 认识到，意识到
6．advise sb. sth. 建议某人做某事
7．prevent sb. sth. 阻止某人做某事
8．one another 一个接一个地downupinasup toto dofrom doingafter1．cut down砍倒；减少，削减(尺寸、数量、数目)
(一)背诵佳句培养语感
(教材原句)Deserts are also created because people cut down trees and dig up grass.
人们砍伐树木和铲除草地也会导致沙漠的形成。(鲜活例句)A woman who has planted more than 700 trees has been told to cut them down.
一位已经种了700多棵树的妇女，被告知要把树砍倒。
(鲜活例句)Cut down the article so as to make it fit the space available on the paper.
把文章缩短一些，这样就能排进报纸有限的版面中。(二)归纳拓展全析考点cut down on　　　　　　　　　　　　　削减；减少
cut in 插嘴
cut off 切断；阻断
cut out 删去；停止
cut up 切碎①By getting the design right, you can cut down on accidents.
通过合理设计，你能减少事故。②It is impolite for children to cut in when their seniors are talking.
孩子们在他们的长辈谈话时插嘴是不礼貌的。
③I was cut off on my line to London.
我往伦敦打长途电话时，电话线被切断了。
④I a paragraph in this article.
我删除了这篇文章的一个段落。
⑤I the meat for cooking meatballs.
我把肉剁碎后做肉丸子。cut outcut up2．be caught in 突然遭遇(风暴等)，被困在(风、雨、雪
……)中
(一)背诵佳句培养语感
(教材原句)To have been caught in a sandstorm was a terrible experience ...
被困在沙尘暴中的经历真是太可怕了……
(鲜活例句)I wish you had not been caught in the rain yesterday.
但愿昨天你们没有淋到雨。(二)归纳拓展全析考点catch hold of　　　　　　　　　　抓住，握住
catch one's attention 吸引某人的注意
catch up with 跟上，赶上
catch sight of 看见①Don't let me catch sight of you doing it again!
别让我再看到你干这种事了！
②She walked too slowly to us.
她走得太慢，跟不上我们。catch up withⅠ.介、副词填空
1．I'll dig that plant and move it.
2．Your essay's too long — it needs cutting a little.
3．It's time you woke up the fact that it's a tough world.
4．His back injury may prevent him playing in
tomorrow's game.
5．The lights went out one another.updowntofromafterⅡ.单项填空
1．Pieces of exciting news came to the city ________.
A．step by step　　　　　　 B．little by little
C．side by side D．one after another
解析： 　one after another意为“一个接一个地”。step by step“一步一步地”；little by little“逐渐地”；side by side“肩并肩地”。根据句意可知选D项。选D2．________ his carelessness, he didn't pass the
examination.
A．As a result B．As a result of
C．Because D．Since
解析： 　句意：由于他的粗心，他考试没及格。as a result“结果”；as a result of“由于”；because和since是连词。根据句意和句子结构选B项。选B3．—It's hard for me to go to sleep.
—Try to ________ the amount of coffee you drink
during the day.
A．cut up B．cut in
C．cut off D．cut down
解析： 　句意：“我很难入睡。”“你要尽量在白天少喝咖啡。”cut up“切碎”；cut in“插嘴”；cut off“切断”；cut down“砍倒；减少”。根据句意选D项。选D4．You cannot ignore the situation forever; one day you
will have to ________ the consequences of your act.
A．look up to B．wake up to
C．stand up to D．face up to
解析： 　考查动词短语辨析。face up to“勇敢地面对(困难或不快之事)”，符合语境。look up to“尊敬”；wake up to“认识到，意识到”；stand up to“抵抗，经得起”。选D5．On the way back, he was ________ in a storm and got
all wet.
A．got B．caught
C．held D．grasped
解析： 　be caught in“突然遭遇……；被困在……中”。选B1．[句型展示]　They are often so thick that you cannot see
the sun, and the wind is sometimes strong enough to move sand dunes.
沙尘暴常常很浓密，以至于遮住了太阳，有时风力大得足以移动沙丘。
[典例背诵]　Tom made so silly a mistake in his composition that we all had a good laugh over it.
汤姆的作文犯了那样一个愚蠢的错误，以至于我们为此哈哈大笑。2．[句型展示]　Sandstorms in China appear_to have
increased in recent years as a result of “desertification”．
因“荒漠化”越来越严重，中国近年来发生沙尘暴的次数明显增加了。
[典例背诵]　Yao Ming and his family appear to have left for America.
看来姚明和家人已离开去美国了。3. [句型展示]　The storms sometimes continue all day
and traffic moves very slowly because the thick dust makes_it_difficult_to_see.
暴风有时持续一整天，车辆开得很慢，因为浓浓的尘埃降低了能见度。
[典例背诵]　Spaceships make it possible to travel to the moon.
宇宙飞船让登月旅行变得可能。1．They are often so thick that you cannot see the sun,
and the wind is sometimes strong enough to move sand dunes.
沙尘暴常常很浓密，以至于遮住了太阳，有时风力大得足以移动沙丘。(1)so ...that意为“如此……以至于……”，引导结果状语从
句，其
构成是：
·so＋adj./adv.＋that从句
·so＋adj.＋a/an＋n.＋that从句
·so＋many/much/few/little＋名词＋that从句
①There were so many people there that I wasn't able to pick her out.
那儿有很多人，我没能认出她来。[点津]
要注意结果状语从句与定语从句的区别哦！
②He has so difficult a problem that none of us can solve.
他有如此难的我们没有人能解决的一个问题。(2)在such ...that ...结构中，such修饰名词。
·such＋a(n)(＋adj.)＋可数名词单数＋that从句
·such(＋adj.)＋不可数名词＋that从句
·such(＋adj.)＋可数名词复数＋that从句
③He made that before long he began to write articles in English.
他进步非常快，不久就开始用英语写文章了。such rapid progress2．The storms sometimes continue all day and traffic
moves very slowly because the thick dust makes_it_difficult_to_see.
暴风有时持续一整天，车辆开得很慢，因为浓浓的尘埃降低了能见度。
makes it difficult to see中的it是形式宾语，difficult是宾语补足语，to see为真正宾语。
形式宾语句型的基本结构：主语＋及物动词＋it＋宾语补足语＋真正的宾语
要用好这个常用句型，需要掌握以下几点：(1)能接形式宾语的常见动词：believe，find，feel，
make，think，consider，suppose，imagine等。
(2)宾语补足语可以是形容词，也可以是名词。
(3)真正的宾语可以是不定式短语、动名词短语或从句。
①I find it difficult to talk to you.
我觉得同你谈话很困难。
②My sister made it a rule to get up early.
我妹妹把早起作为一个规定。③I find it no use like him about it.
我发现同像他那样的人谈那事没有用。
④We all thought that the conference should have been cancelled.
会议取消了，我们都感到很遗憾。talking to a personit a pity完成句子
1．我们认为为祖国努力学习和工作是我们的职责。
We think
.
2．我们认为告诉他那件事是没有益处的。
We thought .
3．我们发现试图说服他和我们一起去是没用的。
We found .it our duty to study and work hard for ourgreat motherlandit no good telling him about thatit useless trying to persuade him to go with us4．我们认为他明天来是非常可能的。
We think .
5．他是个如此优秀的学生，我们都想以他为榜样。
He is
that we all want to make him our example.it highly probable that he will come tomorrowso excellent a student/such an excellent student 课件58张PPT。Module 4Section Ⅲ语言点一语言点二语言点三识记·掌握理解·拓展应用·落实识记·掌握理解·拓展应用·落实识记·掌握理解·拓展应用·落实语篇理解Choose the best answer according to the passage.
1．Which of the following statements is NOT true
according to the passage?
A．All the countries in the world look after the
environment well.
B．Europe countries usually work hard to improve the
environment.
C．In Germany, people put different garbage into
different bags.
D．In many countries in Europe, people aren‘t allowed to
burn too much coal.2．The “Green” movement aims at ________.
A．improving the living conditions
B．putting different garbage into different bags
C．calling for people to burn little coal
D．getting governments to think about the
environment and look after it3．Which kind of garbage can't be put into the bags?
A．Paper.　　　　　　　　　　 B．Plastic.
C．Aerosol cans. D．Newspapers.
4．When did the “Green” movement begin?
A．In 1970. B．In the 1970s.
C．In 1980. D．In the 1980s.5．How did the “Green” movement deal with the
industry?
A．By warning them not to produce pollution.
B．By getting people to put different garbage into
different bags.
C．By collecting information and telling it to the
public.
D．By collecting newspapers about the industry.
答案：1.A　2.D　3.C　4.B　5.C根据所给词性及汉语释义写出单词
1． vi. 融化
2． v． 重新利用；再循环
3． n． 根据；证明
4． adj. 紧急的
5． n． 大气；大气层
6． adj. 沿海的meltrecycleevidenceurgent atmospherecoastal7． adv.绝对地；完全地→ adj.完全的
8． adj.恐怖的；吓人的→ adj.受惊吓的
→ v．恐吓
9． n．保护→ v．保护→ n．保
护者
10． n．环境→ adj.环境的
→ n．环保主义者absolutelyabsolutescaryscaredscareprotectionprotectprotector environment environmental environmentalist11． n．污染→ v．污染→ adj.被
污染的
12． adj.关心的；担心的→ n. & v．关
心，担心→ prep.有关，关于
13． adj.主要的；多数的→ n．大多数，大
部分
14． vi.抱怨；发牢骚→ n．不满；抱
怨pollutionpollutepolluted concernedconcernconcerning majormajoritycomplain complaint 1．concerned adj.关心的；担心的
(一)背诵佳句培养语感
(教材原句)I can't help but feel very concerned.
我禁不住感到很担心。
(鲜活例句)Concerned parents held a meeting.
忧心忡忡的家长们开了一次会。(二)归纳拓展全析考点(1)be concerned about/for　　　 关心，挂念
be concerned in/with 牵涉到；与……有关
so/as far as ...be concerned 就……而言/来说
(2)concerning prep. 关于，就……来说①She is very concerned about her son's study.
她很关心儿子的学习。
②They showed great anxiety concerning their retirement.
考虑到他们的退休，他们显得十分焦虑。
③Everyone the car industry will be interested.
每一个与汽车工业有关的人都会感兴趣的。
④ ； I'm ,this plan is acceptable.
在我看来，这项计划是可以接受的。concerned withAs far asconcerned2．complain v．抱怨；发牢骚
(一)背诵佳句培养语感
(教材原句)He does nothing but complain.
他除了抱怨什么事也没做。
(鲜活例句)A number of people are complaining about the drunk driving at present.
目前，许多人都在抱怨酒后驾车行为。(二)归纳拓展全析考点(1)complain to sb. about/of (doing sth.)
　　　　　　　　　　　 因某事向某人发牢骚
complain that 从句 抱怨……
(2)complaint n． [U，C] 抱怨
make complaints about ... 因某事抱怨①She complained to her mother that he was bad-tempered.
她向她母亲诉苦说他脾气不好。
②He didn't like the meal so he the manager of the restaurant.
他不喜欢这顿饭，所以他向餐馆经理抱怨了一通。made a complaint toⅠ.单词拼写
1．The people are in a festal (气氛)．
2．She is not used to the new (环境)．
3． (污染) poses a threat to the continued
existence of this species.
4．The (沿海的) areas have mild winters.
5．She is (担心的) about how little food I eat.atmosphereenvironmentPollutioncoastalconcerned6．There wasn't enough (证据) to prove his guilt.
7．Exercise has a (主要的) part to play in
preventing and combating diseases.
8．I'm afraid something (紧急的) has come up；I
won't be able to see you tonight.
9．He's devoted his whole life to the (保护) of
the rare animals.
10．I trust his discretion (完全地)．evidencemajorurgentprotectionabsolutelyⅡ.单项填空
1．________ about the safety of her son, John's mother
looked upset.
A．Concerning　　　　　　 B．Concerned
C．To concern D．Concern
解析： 句意：John的妈妈担心他的安全，所以她看起来很不安。(be) concerned about“挂念，担心”。选B2．—Is your present pension sufficient to cover your cost
of living?
—Enough and to spare. ________
A．I can't complain. B．Serve me right!
C．I've had enough of it. D．I can't be too particular.
解析： 　句意：“你的退休金够日常开支吗”“绰绰有余。还可以。”serve me right“活该”；I‘ve had enough of it“我受够了”；I can’t be too particular“我不能太挑剔”；I can‘t complain的字面意思是“我不能抱怨”，这里可以理解为“还可以，还不错”。选A3．Since the matter was extremely ________， we dealt
with it immediately.
A．tough B．tense
C．urgent D．instant
解析： 　由后半句中的副词“immediately”可以推出前半句中的“urgent”(迫切的，紧急的)。选C4．Look! Many rivers and fields ________ and the
pollution will be more serious.
A．are being polluted B．are polluting
C．polluted D．will be polluted
解析： 　根据“Look！”的提示可知此动作正在进行，所以选用现在进行时的被动式。选A5．—Did you have a good time at the party?
—________We all enjoyed it so much that it lasted
until midnight.
A．Terrible! B．Goodness!
C．Absolutely! D．Boring!
解析： 　根据答句后面的we all enjoyed it so much可知应选absolutely，“完全；绝对”。terrible“可怕的”；goodness“谢天谢地”；boring“令人厌倦的”。选C1．have a bad effect 　　　　　对……有坏影响
2．take 吸收
3．give 放出；发出
4． a nutshell 简言之；概括地讲
5．do damage 对……有损害
6．look 浏览
7．describe ... 把……描述为
8．complain 抱怨oninoutintothroughasabout/of1．have a bad effect on 对……有坏影响
(一)背诵佳句培养语感
(教材原句)to have a bad effect on someone or something
对某人或某物有坏影响
(鲜活例句)Punishment had very little effect on him.
惩罚对他没有什么效果。[点津]
effect前可加修饰词构成不同意义的短语：have no/some/little/much/a bad (good) effect没有/有些/几乎没有/有很大/有不良(好的)影响。
(二)归纳拓展全析考点in effect　　　　　　　　　　实际上，正在实行，有效
put/bring ...into effect 使……生效/开始使用
take /come into effect 生效，起作用①Two systems are, in effect, identical.
这两种制度实际上一模一样。
②Some ancient laws are still in effect.
有些古时的法律现在仍然有效。
③The new system will soon be .
新系统即将启用。
④The new seat belt regulations took/came into effect last week.
新的安全带规则上周开始实施。put into effect2．take in 吸收；欺骗；理解，领会；收留，收容；改小
(一)背诵佳句培养语感
(教材原句)Trees take in carbon dioxide and give out oxygen.
树木吸收二氧化碳，释放出氧气。
(鲜活例句)Don't be taken in by their promises.
别被他们的承诺给骗了。
(鲜活例句)I'm not sure how much of his explanation she took in.
我不确定她对他的解释理解了多少。(二)归纳拓展全析考点take on　　　　　　　　　　　呈现；雇用；承担
take down 拿下来，记下来①These insects can take on the colour of their surroundings.
这些昆虫能够呈现与其周围环境相应的颜色。
② the important points when you attend classes.
当你上课时，记下重要的内容。Take down3．give out放出；发出；宣称；公布；发表；分发；用完；
耗尽；精疲力竭(一)背诵佳句培养语感
(鲜活例句)The sun gives out light and heat.
太阳发出光和热。
(鲜活例句)Please give out the examination papers.
请把试卷发下去。
(鲜活例句)After a month their food supplies gave out.
一个月以后他们的食物储备消耗殆尽。[点津]
(1)give out意为“分发；发表；放出”时是及物动词短语。
(2)表示“用尽，用完”时，give out与run out是不及物动词短语，主语常是物，不能用于被动语态；而use up, run out of是及物动词短语，可用于被动语态，主语往往是人。(二)归纳拓展全析考点give away　　　 捐赠；分发，颁发(奖品)；泄露(秘
密)，露出马脚
give back 归还
give in (to) 屈服；交上
give sth.off 放出(烟、气味等)①The flowers gave off a pleasant smell.
这些花散发出怡人的香气。
②He said he hadn't told her, but his face him .
他说他没告诉她，可他的脸色出卖了他。gaveaway4．look through浏览；翻阅；翻找；审核
(一)背诵佳句培养语感
(教材原句)Look through magazines to find pictures that you can stick on your poster, for example, pictures of people planting trees.
浏览一下杂志，看看有没有你能贴到海报上的图片，例如，人们植树的图片。
(鲜活例句)We'd better go and look through his luggage.
咱们最好去翻翻他的行李。(二)归纳拓展全析考点look into　　　　　　　　　　　　调查；观察
look after 照顾；照看
look on ...as ... 把……看做……
look down upon/on 蔑视，瞧不起
look forward to 期待，盼望①I looked up the meaning of the word in my dictionary.
我在我的词典中查阅这个词的意思。
②Police are the disappearance of two children.
警察正在调查两个孩子失踪的事。looking intoⅠ.选词填空cut down， be caught in， take in， give out， look through1． a thunderstorm is frightening.
2．If the fresh water on the earth ,what
would we do?To be caught ingave out3．I've just been your cookbooks.
4．Fish oxygen through their gills (鱼鳃)．
5．The city on the work force that kept the park,
and pretty soon it just got too ugly and dirty to enjoy anymore.looking throughtake incut downⅡ.单项填空
1．As the medicine took ________， the patient became
much quieter than before.
A．force B．power
C．effect D．part
解析： 　句意：随着药物起作用，这个病人比以前安静多了。此题考查名词词义辨析。effect“效果，作用，影响”，take effect“生效，起作用”，符合题意。force“武力，势力”；power“动力，权力”；part“地区，角色”。选C2．Li Ming is clever, honest, and hard-working. ________，
he is a good student and we should learn from him.
A．In a nutshell B．After all
C．On the other hand D．By the way
解析： 　句意：李明聪明、诚实、努力。简言之，他是个好学生，我们应该向他学习。此题考查固定搭配的辨析。in a nutshell“简言之”，符合句意。after all“毕竟，终究”；on the other hand“另一方面”；by the way“顺便说/问”。选A3．Will you ________ my composition to find out whether
I've made any spelling mistakes?
A．look through B．look on
C．look up D．look out of
解析： 　句意：你能否浏览一下我的作文，看一下是否有拼写错误？look through“浏览，翻阅”，符合句意。look on“观望”；look up“查阅”；look out of“向外看”。选A4．What children learn from their parents ________
them.
A．have an important effect on
B．has an important effect to
C．have an important effect to
D．has an important effect on
解析： 句意：孩子们从父母那里学到的东西对他们有着重要的影响。have an important effect on意为
“对……产生重要影响”，主语为what名词从句，谓语动词应为has。选D5．After walking in the Shanghai World Expo for a whole
day, my legs________ under me and I couldn't walk any farther.
A．gave up B．gave out
C．gave in D．gave away
解析： 　句意：在上海世博园里走了一整天，我的腿筋疲力尽，不能再走了。give out“用尽，筋疲力尽；公布；分发”，符合句意。give up“放弃，中止”；give in“屈服，让步”；give away“赠送，免费给予”。选B1．[句型展示]　I couldn't agree with you more.
我非常同意你的意见。
[典例背诵]　—I think it's high time we turned our
attention to the danger of drunk driving now.
我想我们现在该把注意力转移到醉酒驾驶的危险上来了。
—I can't agree with you more. You see, countless innocent
people are killed by drivers each year.
我非常同意你的意见。你知道，每年不计其数的无辜人丧
生于醉驾。2．[句型展示]　The garbage is then taken away and,
if_possible,_recycled.
然后垃圾被运走，如果可能的话，再被回收利用。
[典例背诵]　I thought the writing excellent, and wished, if possible, to imitate it.
我认为这字体很棒，可能的话希望大家模仿一下。1．I couldn't agree with you more.
我非常同意你的意见。
此句用比较级表达最高级的含义。诸如not，never之类的否定词与形容词或副词的比较级连用，表示最高级含义，意为“再没有比……更……的了”。①The weather couldn't be worse.
天气再糟糕不过了。
②He have done .
他做得再好不过了。
③He had never felt more like talking to anyone.
他从未如此想和人谈话。
④He could hardly have felt more ashamed of himself.
他对自己感到非常惭愧。couldn'tbetter2．The garbage is then taken away and,
if_possible,_recycled.
然后垃圾被运走，如果可能的话，再被回收利用。
(1)句中的if possible为if it is possible的省略形式。当when，
while，until，if，unless等引导的状语从句的主语与主句的主语相同(或从句的主语是it)，并且从句中含有be动词时，从句的主语及be动词可省略。①Be sure to come often if possible.
如果可能，一定要常来。
②Ask the teacher for help .
必要时找老师帮忙。when necessary(2)其他含if的省略结构：if so　　　　如果是这样
if any 如果有的话
if ever 通常与seldom连用，表示“极少，难得”
if necessary 如果必要的话
if not 如果不这样的话(可以看作是一个否定
的条件状语从句的省略)③I may be free this evening. If so, I'll come round and see you.
今晚我可能有空。要是有空我会过来看你。
④The young man seldom, ,goes to visit his parents.
这个年轻人难得去看望一下他父母(即使有过，也是极少的)。
⑤ ,please call me at home.
如果有必要，可往我家里打电话。if everIf (it is) necessary完成句子
1．过马路的时候你应该小心。
You should be careful .
2．直到被问到，他才说话。
He didn't say a word .
3．我年轻时非常喜欢音乐。
,I loved music very much.when crossing the streetuntil askedWhen young4．如果不被邀请，我就不去参加他的生日聚会。
I won't go to his birthday party .
5．我从来没有听过比这更有趣的故事了。
I have never heard .unless inviteda more interesting story课件44张PPT。Module 4Section Ⅳ语法讲座写作讲座考点精析专题练习佳作观摩技法指导专题练习动词不定式和but＋不定式一、动词不定式
1．动词不定式的时态和语态形式(1)一般式：表示不定式的动作与谓语动作同时发生或动
作发生于谓语动作之后。
He seems to understand what I said.
他似乎明白我说的话。
(2)进行式：表示不定式的动作与谓语动作同时发生且动
作正在进行。
The two cheats pretended to be working hard.
那两个骗子假装在努力工作。(3)完成式：表示不定式动作发生于谓语动作之前。
She seems to have seen this film.
她似乎已看过这部影片。
(4)被动语态：表示不定式与逻辑主语之间的动宾关系。
The meeting to be held tomorrow is about how to stop the pollution.
明天要举行的会议是关于如何停止污染的。2．动词不定式的句法功能
不定式的句法功能是作主语、表语、宾语、宾语补足语、主语补足语、定语、状语等。
To get there by bike will take us half an hour.
我们骑自行车去那里要花半个小时。(主语)
When our visit to the farm was over, we expected to start back on foot.
当参观农场结束时，我们期望步行返回。(宾语)
He asked me to do the work with him.
他要求我同他一起做这项工作。(宾补)I was asked to help him with his lessons.
我被请求帮他学功课。(主语补足语)
Some scientists went to Germany to attend a medical conference.
一些科学家去德国参加医学大会。(目的状语)
To tell the truth, I don't agree with you.
说实话，我不同意你。(独立成分)[考题印证1]
　(2012·山东高考)George returned after the war, only
________ that his wife had left him.
A．to be told　　　　　　　　B．telling
C．being told D．told
解析： 　考查非谓语动词。句意：乔治战争后回到家，结果被告知妻子已经离开了。此处是动词不定式作结果状语，表示意料之外的结果，而且George和tell之间是被动关系，因此用to be told。如果用动词-ing形式，则表示意料之中的结果。选A3．不定式的复合结构
(1)for＋名词(或代词宾格)＋动词不定式
其中for本身无意义，for后面的名词或代词是不定式的逻辑主语，这种不定式在句中可作主语、表语、宾语、定语或状语。
It is very important for us to get everything ready for the harvest.
为收获季节准备好一切对我们来说很重要。(2)带有逻辑主语的结构of/for sb. to do sth.
当作表语的形容词表示不定式的逻辑主语的性质或特征时，用介词of引出不定式的逻辑主语，这些形容词一般有good，nice，kind，wise，silly，stupid，foolish，right，wrong, careless, impolite等。
句中的形容词用来说明动词的特征时要用介词for。这类形容词有hard, easy, heavy, necessary, possible, important, difficult等。The first thing for students to do is to study.
学生首先要做的事情就是学习。
It is foolish of you to say such words.
说这种话你太蠢了。
It's easy for you to learn English well.
对你来说，学好英语很容易。4．疑问词＋动词不定式
疑问代词和疑问副词后可加动词不定式构成不定式短语，在句中可作主语、表语或宾语。
The problem is how to get there on time.
问题是怎么按时到达那儿。
I don't know what to do next.
我不知道下一步该做什么。[考题印证2]
　(2011·辽宁高考)Twenty students want to attend the class
that aims to teach ______ to read fast.
A．what B．who
C．how D．why
解析： 　句意：20个学生想要去听旨在教授如何快速阅读的课程。根据句子结构可知，“that aims to teach ______ to read fast”是定语从句，修饰先行词class。在此定语从句中，teach 后接的不定式前缺少表示方式的连接词，故how 正确。此处为“连接词＋to do”结构。选C二、but＋不定式
but后跟不定式时有以下两种情况：
1．在can't but, can't help but, can't choose but(不得不，
只能)结构后，不定式不带to。
There being no buses, I can't but walk home.
由于没有公共汽车，我只能步行回家。
We can't choose but accept the offer.
我们只能接受提议。
It's raining hard. I cannot help but stay at home.
天在下大雨，我只好待在家里。2．动词不定式在介词but, except, besides等表示“除了
……”之意的词后面时，如果这些介词之前有行为动词do的各种形式(do, does, did)，那么介词后的不定式要用不带to的不定式，否则要用带to的不定式。
Tom did nothing except wait before his parents came home.父母回家之前，汤姆只有等待。
I have no choice but to accept the fact.
除了接受这一事实，我别无选择。
There was nothing to do but send for a doctor.
除了派人去请医生，没有什么可以做的。[考题印证3]
　(2012·陕西高考)If he takes on this work, he will have no
choice but ________ an even greater challenge.
A．meets B．meeting
C．meet D．to meet
解析： 　考查不定式固定搭配。句意：如果他承担这项工作，他将别无选择，只有面对更大的挑战。have no choice but to do sth.“别无选择，只有做某事”。选DⅠ.用所给单词的适当形式填空
1．The bank is reported in the local newspaper
(rob) in broad daylight yesterday.
2．I'd love (drink) some wine at the party,
but I had a stomachache that day.
3．Lily's mobile phone was left in a taxi accidentally,
never (find) again.to have been robbedto have drunkto be found4．I'll do whatever I can (improve) my
English.
5．For nearly three hours we waited for the decision, only
(tell) to come again the next day.
6．How about the two of us (take) a walk down the
garden?
7．The computer center, (open) last year, is very
popular among the students in this school.to improveto be toldtakingopened8．Charles Babbage is generally considered
(invent) the first computer.
9．The students expected there (be) more reviewing
classes before the final exams.
10．Since he doesn‘t want to accept your advice, it is no
use (talk) to him again.to have inventedto betalkingⅡ.单项填空
1．Many buildings in the city need repairing, but the one
________ first is the library.
A．repaired　　　　　　　　B．being repaired
C．repairing D．to be repaired
解析： 　考查非谓语动词用法。句意：这座城市里的许多建筑物需要修缮，但第一个将要被修缮的是图书馆。the one后作定语的非谓语动词中的动词repair与the one有被动关系，且该动作为将来的动作，所以使用动词不定式的被动式。选D2．________， you need to give all you have and try your
best.
A．Being a winner B．To be a winner
C．Be a winner D．Having been a winner
解析： 　考查非谓语动词。根据语境可判断，应用不定式作目的状语。选B3．We are invited to a party ________ in our club next
Friday.
A．to be held B．held
C．being held D．holding
解析： 　考查非谓语动词的用法。to be held是不定式的被动式表示动作发生在将来，并且与party之间存在着动宾关系，与题干中的next Friday吻合。held“已经举行的”；being held“正在举行的”；holding表主动。选A4．With the world changing fast, we have something new
________ with all by ourselves every day.
A．deal B．dealt
C．to deal D．dealing
解析： 　考查动词不定式作定语。句意：随着世界的迅速变化，我们每天都有新的东西需要自己去处理。不定式to deal with修饰something new，作后置定语，故C项合适。选C5．Edison was the first scientist ________ a modern
research and development centre.
A．built B．having built
C．to build D．to be building
解析： 　句意：爱迪生是创建现代研发中心的首位科学家。名词前有序数词、形容词最高级等修饰时一般用不定式作定语；被修饰词scientist与不定式在逻辑上存在主谓关系，应用不定式的一般式的主动形式，故选C项。选C6．If you don't know ________ a word, look it up in a
good dictionary.
A．to use B．how to use
C．how using D．how should use
解析： 　考查动词不定式的用法：疑问词＋不定式短语。选B7．He hurried to the booking office only ________ that all
the tickets had been sold out.
A．to tell B．to be told
C．telling D．told
解析： 　句意：他匆忙地去售票处，结果被告知所有的票都卖完了。英语中only后接to do形式，表示一个意想不到的结果；另外，动词tell与主句的主语he之间是被动关系，所以要用动词不定式的被动形式。选B8．I would love ________ to the party last night but I had
to work extra hours to finish a report.
A．to go B．to have gone
C．going D．having gone
解析： 　因为状语是last night，用不定式的完成式表示“本想……”。选B9．Schools across China are expected to hire 50,000
college graduates this year as short-term teachers, almost three times the number hired last year, ________ reduce unemployment pressures.
A．help B．to have helped
C．to help D．having helped
解析： 　考查非谓语动词。这里用不定式作目的状语。选C10．With Father's Day around the corner, I have taken
some money out of the bank ________ presents for my dad.
A．buy B．to buy
C．buying D．to have bought
解析： 　句意：父亲节将要到来，为了给爸爸买礼物我已经从银行取了一些钱。动词不定式的一般式作目的状语，“买礼物”发生在“从银行取了一些钱”后，所以D项不可以选。选B环境保护话题 假如你叫李华，最近你们学校后面建了一个生产农药(pesticide)的工厂，请你根据以下信息给报社写一封信，反映这个问题。
要点：1.空气污染严重，气味难闻；
2．学校的饮用水遭到污染，严重影响了师生的健康；
3．每天拉农药的车辆经过学校门口，存在安全隐患。
注意：1.信件要包括以上各个要点；
2．100词左右。Dear editor，
①I'm writing to express my concern about the factory producing pesticide near our school. ②Since the factory was built, it has caused great pollution. ③The air near our school is not as fresh as it was before, and sometimes, the smell is so terrible that we all feel sick. ④Besides, the water we drink at school every day has also been polluted, which is bad for our health. ⑤What's worse, many trucks transporting pesticide pass in front of our school, which is a potential danger to students. ⑥I hope that the government will fully consider this problem and take some measures to deal with it.
Yours，
Li Hua第一段：阐述写作目的，并反映污染问题，并且就这些问题带来的危害作详细的说明。
第二段：做出呼吁，希望这些问题能够引起有关部门的注意。②句用since说明因为这家工厂的建立才造成了污染。
③句用not as fresh as ...，so terrible that ...来说明空气污染的程度。
④、⑤句中运用了besides，what‘s more等过渡性词语，更进一步说明了饮用水的污染及安全隐患。 1．环境保护话题作文有以下考查形式：根据图片内容写一篇发言稿；根据所给材料提出环境污染问题，并呼吁人们增强环保意识；描述图片现象并根据建议起草一份倡议书，倡议全校师生节约能源等。
2．环境保护类作文一般按照“三段论”来写：介绍现象(提出问题)——提出相关应对措施——呼吁人们增强环保意识，自觉保护环境。 [黄金表达]
①Environmental problems are becoming more and more serious all over the world.
②When it comes to ..., most people believe that ..., but other people regard ...as ...
③Measures have been taken to deal with these problems by the government.
④In my opinion .../It seems to me that .../As far as I know ...
⑤The earth is our home and we have the duty to take care of it for ourselves and for our later generations.⑥A public education campaign should be launched to make people have a good knowledge of environment.
⑦I hope the problem will be solved in the near future and our home will become better and better.
⑧We should try our best to overcome the difficulties.
⑨We should solve the problems that we are faced with.
⑩From what has been mentioned above, we can come to the conclusion that ... 根据提示写一篇120词左右的短文。
近年来，中国北方的沙尘暴越来越频繁，这给人们的生活带来很大的不便(trouble)，强风刮起很多沙尘，使空气混浊，很多人因此不能外出。过去，人们养很多羊，羊吃了大量的草，使土地沙化；人们不注意保护森林，大量砍伐树木，造成水土流失。现在，政府开始注意到这一问题，每年都投入大量资金改善环境。保护好我们唯一的家园——地球吧！[参考范文]
In recent years, sandstorms happen more and more often in the north of China. They have brought a great deal of trouble to people's life. The strong wind blows up the dust, making the air very dirty. It also stops many people from going out. Sandstorms are caused for various reasons. In the past, people raised a large number of sheep. The sheep ate up a great deal of grass and the land became sandy. At the same time, people cut down more and more trees so as to build houses and grow more crops. As aresult, the whole forest was almost destroyed. All the people should realize the terrible result of not caring about our environment.
Luckily, now the government has begun to pay attention to the problem. Each year, a good deal of money is spent on the improvement of the environment. It‘s hoped that our only home — the earth is well protected.课件21张PPT。Module 5Section ⅠStep 1Step 2Step 3Step 4Step 51．Can you name some great persons in Ancient China?
What are their achievements?
2．How much do you know about Taoism? Taoism is a philosophy or way of life that may have been started by a man named Lao Tzu who lived a little before Confucius, about 600 BC. Tao means the “way” or the “path”. According to the traditional story, Lao Tzu worked as a librarian in the emperor‘s library (this was in the Eastern Zhou Dynasty)． Lao Tzu believed that the way to happiness was for people to learn to “go with the flow”. Instead of trying to get things done the hard way, people should take the time to figure out the natural or easy way to do things, and then everything would get done more simply. This idea is called wuwei, which means “doing by not doing”．
Lao Tzu also thought that everything alive in the universe (plants, animals, and people) shared a universal (共同的) life-force. There were two sides to the life-force, which are called the yin and the yang. The yin (the dark side) is the side of women, the moon, things that are still (静止的) like ponds, completion and death. The yang (the light side) is the side of men, the sun, things that move like rivers, dragons, creation and birth. Everyone has some yin and some yang in them, and Taoism says that it is important to keep them balanced. Chinese doctors believe that a lot of illnesses are caused by too much yin or too much yang. Because everything has this life-force in it, Lao Tzu thought it was wrong for people to fight each other in wars, killing the life-force, and that people should be sad when they had to fight, instead of celebrating their victories. He also thought it was wrong for governments (or anybody else) to make a lot of rules and laws about how people should behave. This would only make people act the same way all the time, and sometimes they would go against the Tao, breaking the principle of wuwei. So Taoism was against anything with rules, like special food diets. He thought people should make their own decisions in each situation. The following are some beliefs of some great ancient philosophers and match them with their Chinese meanings.
1.Man is born good. ( )
2．All human beings are equal. ( )
3．The family is important. We are members of a group.
( )CFB4．Treat others in the way you want to be treated. ( )
5．People are more important than rulers. ( )
6．We should love all human beings. ( )
A．民贵君轻　　　　　 B．家天下
C．人性本善 D．己所不欲，勿施于人
E．兼爱 F．众生平等DAEFill in the blanks according to the passage.Confucius'sMencius'sMozi'sⅠ.Read the passage and answer the question.
What did all the philosophers mentioned in the passage believe in?
_____________________________________________
_____________________________________________
答案：The importance of kindness, duty and order in society; man is kind and the importance of government.Ⅱ.Choose the best answer according to the passage.
1. What is the similarity of Confucius and Mozi?
A．They lived in the same period of time.
B．They held the same view that the government was
most important.
C．They had the same idea of kindness.
D．They were born poor.2．What is the difference between Confucius and
Mencius?
A．Their teachings.
B．They thought man is good.
C．Their ideas.
D．The ideas about rulers and people.
3．________believed that all men were equal.
A．Mozi　　　　　 B．Confucius
C．Mencius D．Philosophers4．Which of the following is right according to the
passage?
A．Confucius was the teacher of Mencius and Mozi.
B．Mozi stressed the importance of kindness.
C．Mencius hated the rulers who treated people badly.
D．Confucius was brought up by his mother alone.
答案：1.B　2.D　3.A　4.C Confucius‘s 1. is that he believed that 2. ,duty and 3. played an important part in society. His ideas have influenced Chinese society for over 4. years. 5. believed that the reason why man is different from animals is that man is 6. .He thought that people were more 7. than rulers, and hated the state when it treated people badly. Mozi considered thatideas/teachingskindnessorder2,000 Menciusgoodimportant8. was of great importance. He believed all men were 9. . He taught that we should love all human beings and look after those who are 10. than ourselves.governmentequalweakerWhy do people all over the world want to know more about the thoughts of Confucius?
__________________________________________________
__________________________________________________参考答案：(1)Confucius is the philosopher whose influence has been the greatest in China.
(2)He stressed the importance of kindness, duty and order in society and Chinese society was influenced by these ideas for more than 2,000 years.
(3)As far as I am concerned, if human beings want to survive in the 21st century, we have to seek wisdom from Confucius. 课件52张PPT。Module 5Section Ⅱ语言点一语言点二语言点三识记·掌握理解·拓展应用·落实识记·掌握理解·拓展应用·落实识记·掌握理解·拓展应用·落实Ⅰ.根据所给词性及汉语释义写出单词
1． n．(常作复数)教导；学说
2． adj.平等的→ n．平等
3． n．重要；重要性→ adj.重要的
4． n．思想家→ n．思想
5． n．善良→ adj.善良的
6． n．秩序→ adj.有秩序的；整齐的
7． n．顾问→ vt.建议teachingequalequalityimportanceImportant thinkerthoughtkindnesskindorderorderlyadviseradviseⅡ.根据英语释义及首字母提示写出单词
1． (n.) the study of nature and meaning of
existence, truth, good and evil, etc.
2． (adj.) having a lot of influence
3． (n.) a moral rule or belief about what is right
and wrong, which influences how you behave
4． (n.) a job
5． (vt.) to emphasize a statement, fact or idea
6． (vi.) to officially announce that you have
decided to leave your job or an organizationphilosophyinfluentialprinciplepositionstressresign1. equal vt.等于adj.相等的；平等的n.相等的事物(数量)；
(地位等)相同的人
(一)背诵佳句培养语感
(教材原句)All human beings are equal.
人人生而平等。
(鲜活例句)None of us can equal her, either in beauty or as a dancer.
论漂亮或者论跳舞，我们谁也比不上她。(鲜活例句)As a musician, he knows no equals.
作为音乐家，他是无与伦比的。
(鲜活例句)Equal and sincere communication is a basic principle for micro-blog conversations.
平等和真诚的交流是用微博进行对话的一个基本原则。(二)归纳拓展全析考点(1)be equal to doing sth. 　 胜任……
be equal to sth. 与……相等
(2)equal sb.in sth. 在……方面与某人匹敌①The happiness you feel is equal to the love you give.
你的幸福感等于你付出的爱。
②He the office.
他足以胜任管理这个部门的工作。
③No one equals him in strength.
论力气，无人能和他相比。is quite equal to running2．stress vt.强调；施压于；使紧张n.[ C，U]强调；压力；
重音
(一)背诵佳句培养语感
(教材原句)He stressed the importance of kindness, duty and order in society.
他强调了仁爱、责任和社会秩序的重要性。
(鲜活例句)The weight stressed the bridge to the point of damaging it.
载重负荷把桥压得几近损坏。
(鲜活例句)I think her headaches are caused by stress.
我认为她的头疼是由于紧张造成的。(二)归纳拓展全析考点(1)under the stress of　为……所迫；受到……的压力
lay/put/place stress on把重点放在……上
(2)stressful adj. 充满压力的；紧张的
stressed adj. 紧张的；无法放松的(不用于名词前)①He is under great stress because of the new job.
新的工作使他感到压力很大。
②The government welfare work.
政府着重于福利事业。lays/puts/places stress on3．order n．秩序；顺序；命令vt.命令
(一)背诵佳句培养语感
(鲜活例句)It is the business of the police to keep order.
维持秩序是警察的事。(二)归纳拓展全析考点(1)in order 　　　　　 按顺序，有条有理
out of order 次序颠倒，不整齐；失灵
in order of ... 按……顺序
keep order 维持秩序
(2)order sb. to do sth. 命令某人做某事
order that clause 命令……(从句用虚拟语气，
即“should ＋动词原形”
形式，should可省略)①Our laboratory is kept in good order.
我们的实验室保持得很整齐。
②I couldn't ring because the phone was out of order.
我没法打电话，因为电话机坏了。
③Thc teacher ordered him to start as soon as possible.＝The teacher ordered that he as soon as possible.
老师命令他尽早开始。(should)start Ⅰ.选词填空position， importance， kindness， principles， equality， resigned， influential， stressed1. The of washing one's hands is that it
prevents infection.
2．I admired him because of his to others.importancekindness3. I hope that of opportunity for men and
women has come to stay.
4．She the importance of careful preparation.
5．Stick to your ,and you will win at last.
6. I have ,and they have a free hand to appoint
whoever they like in my place.
7．Those facts were in solving the problem.
8. Mr. Smith is still in and there‘s no plan to move
him.equalitystressedprinciplesresignedinfluentialposition Ⅱ.单项填空
1. Mike has held the________ of marketing manager for a
great many years.
A．situation　　　　　　　　　　B．condition
C．location D．position
解析： 　考查名词辨析。 句意：迈克任市场部经理许多年了。position 在此意为“职位”。situation“形势；情况”；condition“状况；条件；环境”；location“位置；所在地”。选D2．Our teachers often________the importance of working
hard, they think only in this way can we succeed in the future.
A．stress B．notice
C．realize D．consider
解析： 　考查动词辨析。句意：我们老师经常强调刻苦学习的重要性，他们认为只有这样将来我们才能成功。 stress 意为“强调”，符合句意。notice “注意到”；realize“领悟；了解；实现”；consider“认为；考虑”。选A3．—Do you believe that all men are born ________？
—No. You see, some are born in rich families while
others in poor families.
A．equal B．good
C．clever D．honest
解析： 　考查形容词辨析。从答语可以看出，问句句意为：你认为人生来是平等的吗？故选A项。选A4．Our teacher ordered that everything in the
classroom________ put________.
A．was; in order B．be; in an order
C．were; in the order D．be; in order
解析： 　句意：我们老师要求我们把教室里的一切摆放整齐。order 作为动词表示“命令”讲时，其后的宾语从句要用虚拟语气，形式为“should ＋动词原形”，其中 should 可以省略，因此A、C两项错误；put ...in order“把……摆放整齐”，其中order 前面没有冠词，所以D项正确。选D5．I wanted to________ for my illness, but my boss
per-suaded me to stay.
A．resign B．design
C．retire D．return
解析： 　句意：由于疾病，我想辞职，可老板劝我留下来。resign“辞职”，符合句意。retire“退休”；design“设计”；return“返回”。选A1．be similar 　　　　　　　 与……相似
2．be good 人之初，性本善
3．be war with 与……交战
4．bring 养育；抚养
5． one's advice 采纳某人的建议
6．become famous 因……而出名
7．become interested 对……感兴趣
8． a result 结果tobornatupfollowforinas1．be at war with与……交战
(一)背诵佳句培养语感
(教材原句)Ancient China was a place where states were often at war with each other.
古代中国是一个各诸侯国之间经常发生战争的地方。
(鲜活例句)Germany was at war with almost all the countries in the world.
德国当时几乎同世界上所有国家处于交战状态。(二)归纳拓展全析考点①－What do you do at work?
你上班干些什么？
－I answer telephones and do some typing.
我接电话和打字。
②The children were while their parents were at dinner.
孩子们在做游戏，而他们的父母在吃饭。at play2．bring up抚养；养育；提出；呕吐
(一)背诵佳句培养语感
(教材原句)His father died when he was young, and he was brought up by his mother.
他的父亲在他很小的时候就去世了，他是由母亲抚养长大的。(鲜活例句)Why don't you bring this question up at the meeting?
你为何不在会上提出这个问题？
(鲜活例句)He was ill and brought up his dinner.
他病了，把晚饭都吐了出来。(二)归纳拓展全析考点bring about　　　　　 引起，导致，造成
bring back 使想起，使忆起
bring in 赚得
bring through 使脱离(险境)，使渡过(难关)
bring out 使显现；阐明；出版；生产①The old photos brought back many memories.
这些老照片引起许多回忆。②The sale of the car only brought about $1,000.
卖出这辆车只赚了约1 000美元。
③It will take a year or two to bring through the economic crisis.
将需要一两年的时间来度过经济危机。
④Information technology has brought many changes in our life.
信息技术给我们的生活带来了很多变化。
⑤A crisis brought out the best in her.
在紧急关头看出了她的优秀品质。inaboutⅠ.完成句子
1．这位老人抚养了100多位孤儿。
The old man has more than 100 orphans.
2．你认为这两个国家还会交战多长时间？
How long do you think the two countries will be
each other?brought upat war with3. 他们的房子和我们的差不多， 只是我们的花园大些。
Their house ours, but ours has a bigger garden.
4. 我努力去说服他，但是他不听我的建议。
I tried to persuade him, but he didn't
.
5．结果，讨论被推迟到了下星期。
, the discussion was put off until the following week. is similar tofollow my adviceAs a resultⅡ.单项填空
1．Young children should be________to be honest and
equal.
A．brought up　　　　　　　B．brought out
C．brought down D．brought in
解析： 句意：应该教导小孩子诚实和平等。bring up sb.to do“教养某人使之能……”。选A2．Do you still remember when Japan________ China?
A．set war to B．declared war on
C．was at war with D．went to war
解析： 　declare war on “向……宣战”，符合句意。at war “处于战争状态”；go to war “开始作战”。由 when 可知表示的是动作而不是状态，故选B。　选B3．Computer technology will________ a revolution in
business administration.
A．bring in B．bring up
C．bring about D．bring back
解析： 　句意：计算机科技会引起经济管理方面的革命。bring about “导致，引起，实现”，符合句意。bring in“把……带入；引入，提出”；bring up“教育；抚养”；bring back“归还；使回忆；重新采用”。根据句意可知选C。选C4．Because the two countries were at ________ war, the
people had________ hard life.
A．不填； the B．the; the
C．不填； a D．a; a
解析： 　考查冠词用法。be at war“处于战争状
态”；have a/an ...life“过着……生活”。选C5．Can you make a sentence to________ the meaning of
the idiom?
A．show off B．turn out
C．bring out D．take on
解析： 　考查动词短语辨析。句意：你能造个句子阐明这个习语的含义吗？bring out “阐明”；show off “卖弄；炫耀”；turn out “结果是；原来是”；take on “承接；担任(工作等)”。根据句意可知C项正确。选C1．[句型展示]　Treat others in the_way you want to be
treated.
己所不欲，勿施于人。
[典例背诵]　I don't like the way (that / in which) he speaks.
我不喜欢他说话的方式。2．[句型展示]　Mencius had important government
positions，and so_did_Mozi.
孟子在政府中担任过要职，墨子也是。
[典例背诵]　The chair is made from hardwood, and so is the table.
这张椅子是硬木制成的，这张桌子也是。3. [句型展示]　But it_was_also_a_time_when there were
many great philosophers.
但是就在那个时代也出现了很多伟大的哲学家。
[典例背诵]　It was a time when there were no radios, no telephones or no TV sets.
那是一个没有收音机、电话及电视机的时代。4. [句型展示]　Mencius believed that the_reason_why man
is different from animals is_that man is good.
孟子认为人区别于动物的原因就在于人性本善。
[典例背诵]　The reason why he was driving so fast was that he was late for an important meeting.
他开车这么快的原因是参加一个重要的会议迟到了。1．But it_was_also_a_time_when_there were many great
philosophers.
但是就在那个时代也出现了很多伟大的哲学家。
(1)It is/was a time when ...意为“那是一个……的时代”，
when引导定语从句。
①It was a time when all the children were expected to study hard.
那段时间里人们都期望孩子们努力学习。(2)It is (high /about) time ＋ that从句，It's time for sb.to
do sth.表示“该做某事了”。其中that从句的谓语动词常用虚拟语气，即“should ＋ 动词原形”或用动词的过去式。
②It's five o'clock. It is high time that I went home now.
＝ It's five o'clock. It is high time that I
home now.
5点钟了。该是我回家的时候了。should go(3)This/It is/ was the first/ second ... /last time ＋ that从句
表示“这是第……次做某事”。其中，that引导定语从句，that在口语中常省略。
③This is the second time that you in the exam.
这是你第二次考试不及格了。
[点津]　此句型中从句通常用完成时态；如果谈到过去，就用过去完成时。have failed(4)by the time意为“到……时”，句子常用过去完成时或将来
完成时。
④By the time you've walked into the room, you've forgotten why.
当你走进那个房间的时候，你已经忘记所为何来了。
(5)each time/ every time/ last time/ next time作连词，引导
时间状语从句，意为“每次/每次/上次/下次”。
⑤Every/ Each time I wash the car it rains.
每次我擦洗汽车，天总是下雨。2．Mencius believed that the_reason_why man is different
from animals is_that man is good.
孟子认为人区别于动物的原因就在于人性本善。
(1)believed 后面是that引导的宾语从句，从句中使用了
the reason why ...is that ...句式，其中why引导的是定语从句， that引导的是表语从句。
①The only reason (why) I went was that I wanted to meet your friends.
我去的唯一的理由是想见见你的朋友们。(2)reason 用作先行词时，首先判断定语从句中缺什么成分，
如果缺状语，则要使用关系副词why引导定语从句， why 有时可省略；如果缺主语或宾语，则使用关系代词that/which引导定语从句。
②I didn't believe the reason he explained for his being late.
我不相信他所解释的迟到的原因。(that/which)(3)reason 后还可接that引导的同位语从句来表示 reason的
具体内容。
③Why don't you believe the reason that my car broke down?
你为什么不相信我的车抛锚了这一理由呢？完成句子
1．There was (一段时期) I hated to go to
school.
2．The reason (我没参加
聚会的原因) was (因为我太忙了)．
3．Li Ming failed in the exam, and (玛丽也没
有及格)．
4．The books that are popular with children are not always
(有插图的那些书)．a time whenwhy I didn't attend the partythat I was too busyso did Marythose with pictures课件64张PPT。Module 5Section Ⅲ语言点一语言点二语言点三识记·掌握理解·拓展应用·落实识记·掌握理解·拓展应用·落实识记·掌握理解·拓展应用·落实语篇理解Ⅰ.Answer the following questions.
1. What society was the Europe like before the Industrial
Revolution happened?

2．What did the Industrial Revolution cause?


答案：Factories appeared and mass production became
possible and the population of towns and cities
increased greatly.答案：A farming society.3．Did the Industrial Revolution spread throughout the
world?


答案：Sure. From 1830 to the early 20th century, it
spread through Europe and the US and then to
other countries such as Japanin Asia.Ⅱ.Choose the best answer according to the passage.
1．In which year could “Industrial Revolution”possibly
happen？
A．1970.　　　　　　　　　　B．1850.
C．1875 . D．1775.2．What's the main reason for the changes in the second
half of the eighteen century?
A．The increase of population.
B．A lot of people came to towns.
C．The inventions such as the steam engine were made.
D．People liked working in the town.3．Which of the following statements is TRUE according
to the passage?
A．Factory workers lived in very poor and crowded
conditions at that time.
B．Thousands of farmers left the countryside and
were out of work.
C．Before the Industrial Revolution, factory owners
were more powerful than land owners.
D．In 1830, the Industrial Revolution spread through
Europe to other countries.4．The steam engine was first used in________.
A．factories B．farmers
C．schools D．mines
5．________ made the population of towns and cities greatly
increased.
A．The invention of the steam engine
B．That many factories were built in towns
C．That farmers liked working in the town
D．The Industrial Revolution spreading to other countries
答案：1.D　2.C　3.A　4.D　5.B根据所给词性及汉语释义写出单词
1． n．状况；条件；环境
2． n．皮革
3． n．和尚
4． n．范畴；种类
5． n．燃料
6． n．诚实→ adj.诚实的conditionleathermonkcategoryfuelhonestyhonest7． n．公正→ adj.公正的
8． n．贡献→ v．贡献
9． vt.发明→ n．发明→ n．发明家
10． adj.柔软的→ adv.柔软地→ v．(使)柔软
11． n．争论；辩论；议论→ v．争论
12． n．自由→ adj.自由的→ adv.自由地justicejustcontributioncontributeinventinventioninventorsoftsoftlysoftenargumentarguefreedomfreefreelycontribution n．贡献；捐助；投稿；促成(一)背诵佳句培养语感
(鲜活例句)China is a country with an ancient civilisation that has made significant contributions to mankind in history.
中国是个文明古国，在历史上曾经对人类做出了重大贡献。(二)归纳拓展全析考点(1)make a contribution to (doing) sth.
　　　　　　　　　　　　 对……做贡献；捐赠
(2)contribute vi.& vt.
贡献出；捐 款；投稿
contribute to (doing) sth. 有助于， 促进
contribute ...to ... 向……捐赠……①He made a very positive contribution to the overall success of the project.
他对项目的全面成功做出了非常积极的贡献。
②He contributed a lot of money to Project Hope.
他捐了很多钱给希望工程。
③A proper amount of exercise good health.
适度的运动有益健康。contributes to2．invent vt. 发明；创造；捏造；编造
(一)背诵佳句培养语感
(教材原句)For example, it is the country in which silk was first invented.
例如：丝绸是在这个国家被首次发明的。
(鲜活例句)Can't you invent a better excuse than that?
你就不能编造一个比那好一些的借口吗？ (二)明辨易混失误防范
比较 invent, discover用invent和discover填空
That old man a fossil (化石)by a machine
by himself.discoveredinvented3. argument n．争论；辩论；议论
(一)背诵佳句培养语感
(教材原句)This paragraph gives the arguments against cars.
这段给出了反对汽车的论据。
(鲜活例句)It's beyond argument that his theory is true.
无可争辩，他的理论是正确的。(二)归纳拓展全析考点(1)have an argument with sb. about/ over sth.
　　　　　　　　　 就某事与某人争论
(2)argue v. 辩论；主张；认为
argue with sb. about/ over sth.
就某事与某人争论
argue for/ against 据理力争/反对
argue sb. out of/ into (doing) sth.
劝服、说服某人不做/做某事①The students had an argument with their teachers about their uniforms.
学生们就校服问题与老师们进行了一次辩论。
②His report argued an improvement in housing conditions.
他的报告主张改善住房条件。
③I've managed to argue him out of going to the match.
我成功说服他不要去看比赛。for4．condition n. 条件；状况；环境
(一)背诵佳句培养语感
(教材原句)Often, factory workers lived in poor and crowded conditions.
通常，工人的居住环境又差又拥挤。
(鲜活例句)We could have done better under more favourable conditions.
在更有利的条件下我们还可以做得更好。(二)归纳拓展全析考点be in good/poor/excellent condition 处于好的/坏的
极佳的状况
in/under the condition of 在……的情况下
out of condition 状况欠佳
poor working conditions 恶劣的工作环境
on condition (that) ... 在……条件下；只要
on no condition 一点也不；决不①Exercise keeps you in good condition.
锻炼使你保持健康。
②I've had no exercise for ages; I'm really out of condition.
我已多时没运动了，现在健康状况欠佳。
③You can use the bicycle that you return it tomorrow.
只要你明天归还，自行车你可以拿去用。on condition[点津]
（1）condition表示“环境”时，常用复数形式；表示“状况”时，是不可数名词；表示“条件”时，是可数名词。
（2）on no condition位于句首时，句子要用部分倒装，即把助动词、情态动词等放在主语之前。有类似含义和用法的短语还有：in no case, in no way, by no means, on no account, at no time, in/under no circumstances 等。
④Under no circumstances will I give up my attempt.
我无论如何都不会放弃尝试。
⑤On no condition that place.
你决不能去那个地方。should you visit(三)明辨易混失误防范
比较　condition, state, situation用condition, state和situation填空
⑥He was out of because of the illness.
⑦The present calls for new measures.
⑧We must keep up a good of mind whenever we are in trouble.conditionsituationstateⅠ.单词拼写
1．“Sometimes I wonder if there is any (公正) in the
world，” the woman said angrily.
2．Before the human (发明) gunpowder, men
fought with bows and arrows.
3．The salesman said the car was in good (状况),
and I was foolish enough to fall for it.justiceinventedcondition4．We got into an (争论) about whether to go
by sea or by air.
5．Local people are fighting for the (自由) and
independence of their country.
6．The novels are divided up into three (范畴):
historical, romantic, and criminal.argumentfreedomcategoriesⅡ.单项填空
1．Gun control is a subject________ Americans have
argued for a long time.
A．of which　　　　　　 B．with which
C．about which D．into which
解析： 　考查定语从句。句意：枪支控制是美国人长期争论的一个话题。先行词gun control 指物，关系词在从句中作介词的宾语；介词前置，介词与从句动词构成搭配argue about sth.，故选C。选C2．The flooded area is in________ of total neglect. The
people have to live in makeshift tents under the most harsh________.
A．a condition; condition B．the condition;
conditions
C．conditions; condition D．conditions; conditions
解析： 　句意：遭受洪灾的地区完全一片荒芜，人们不得不在极其恶劣的条件下住在临时帐篷里。in the condition of“在……的情况下”；conditions“(生活或工作上的)条件”。选B3．I'm sure your suggestions will________ the problem.
A．contribute to solving
B．contribute to solve
C．be contributed to solve
D．be contributed to solving
解析： 　contribute to “有助于；促成”，其中to为介词，后要接名词或动词的-ing形式。选A4．Gilbert________electricity, but Edison________the
light bulb.
A．discovered; found B．discovered; invented
C．invented; discovered D．uncovered; invented
解析： 　electricity 是一种客观存在的现象，并不是什么人发明的；而电灯是Edison 发明的，所以第一个空为discovered，第二个空为 invented。选B5．“On no condition________ you are a Chinese，” Dad told
me before I went abroad.
A．you should forget B．forget you
C．shouldn't you forget D．should you forget
解析： 　on no condition“决不，从不”，位于句首时要用部分倒装句式。选D1．be proud 　　　　　 为……自豪
2． the end of 在……末
3． conclusion 总之
4． the first time 第一次
5．up 多达ofatinforto1．be proud of为……自豪
(一)背诵佳句培养语感
(教材原句)It is an invention. He is very proud of this invention.
这是一项发明，他为这项发明感到非常自豪。
(鲜活例句)Zhan Tianyou is a man whom China can be proud of.
詹天佑是一位能让中国为之自豪的人。(二)归纳拓展全析考点(1)be/feel proud to do sth.　　　因做某事而感到骄傲
be proud that... 为……自豪
(2)take pride in 为……自豪
with pride 自豪地，骄傲地①We are proud that we are successful.
我们为自己的成功感到骄傲。
②We great pride the best service in town.
我们以能够提供全城最好的服务而非常自豪。takein offering2．in conclusion总之，最后
(一)背诵佳句培养语感
(教材原句)In conclusion, I think that cars are very useful because travel is so easy with a car.
总之，我认为汽车是很有用的，因为驾车旅行很方便。
(鲜活例句)In conclusion, please remember me to your parents.
最后，请代我问候你的父母。(二)归纳拓展全析考点(1)conclude 　　　　 　　结束(by/with 以……结束)
决定(to do sth./that ...)
to conclude 最后；一句话(常用作插入语)
(2)arrive at/come to/draw/reach a conclusion
得出结论
bring ...to a conclusion 使……结束①What conclusions can you draw from his remarks?
从他说的话中你可以得出什么结论？
②I will my story quickly a conclusion.
我将很快结束我的故事。bringto3．for the first time第一次
(一)背诵佳句培养语感
(教材原句)With the Industrial Revolution, factories appeared and mass production became possible for the first time.
随着工业革命的发展，工厂出现了，产品的批量生产第一次成为可能。
(鲜活例句)It was there that they met for the first time.
他们正是在那儿见了第一次面。(二)明辨易混失误防范
比较　for the first time, the first time用for the first time 和the first time填空
①The man's behaviour gave her a good impression
she saw him.
②The two girl students talked at the beginning of the term.the first timefor the first timeⅠ.选词填空be proud of， at the end of， in conclusion， for the first time， up to1．The water level reached the alarm line
in history.
2． the concert, the audience stood and
clapped. for the first timeAt the end of3．I you. You really did a beautiful job.
4． ten people can sleep in this tent.
5． ,please accept my best wishes for your
family.am proud ofUp toIn conclusionⅡ.单项填空
1．________ conclusion, I'd like to say that I believe
him.I'm convinced________ his honesty.
A．In; of　　　　　　　　　　 B．By; on
C．At; by D．In; on
解析： 　句意：最后，我想说，我相信他，我对他的诚实深信不疑。in conclusion“总之；最后”；be convinced of “深信；确信”。选A2．________，I will end my speech with a proverb — “No
Pains, no gains ．”
A．In particular B．In conclusion
C．In addition D．In advance
解析： 　考查介词短语。句意：最后，我将用一句谚语结束我的演讲——不劳无获。in particular“尤其；特别”；in conclusion“最后；总之”；in addition“另外；此外”；in advance“事先；提前”。故选B。选B3．All the students should be________ of their school and
not do things that endanger the school's reputation.
A．proud B．afraid
C．popular D．frightened
解析： 句意：任何学生都应该以学校为荣，不做影响校誉的事。be proud of“以……为自豪”，符合题意。be afraid of“害怕”；be popular with“受……欢迎”；be frightened of“害怕”。选A4．When you make a speech in front of many
people________，you will be nervous.
A．the first time B．for the first time
C．from time to time D．once upon a time
解析： 考查短语辨析。句意：当你第一次在很多人面前演讲时，你会紧张的。for the first time“第一次”，在句中作时间状语，相当于副词，符合题意。the first time常用来引导从句，相当于连词；from time to time“偶尔；有时”；once upon a time“从前”。选B1．[句型展示]　However, we do know that in 1092 AD he
invented ...
然而，我们的确知道在公元1092年，他发明了……
[典例背诵]　To my great joy, the plant did look exactly like what we were looking for.
使我大为高兴的是，这棵植物确实看起来像是我们正在寻找的那棵。2．[句型展示]　Cars were first used at the end of the
nineteenth century, and were no_faster_than a horse.
人们最早使用汽车是在19世纪末，而且当时的汽车跑得并不比马快。
[典例背诵]　Tom is no better than Dick in performance of the duty.
汤姆履行职责并不比迪克好。3．[句型展示]　He's just invented a clock that not_only
tells the time, but_also plays a song to wake you up!
他刚发明了一个钟表，它既能看时间，还能唱歌把你叫醒！
[典例背诵]　Pang Long is not only a singer but also a university teacher.
庞龙不但是一名歌手，而且是一名大学教师。1．Cars were first used at the end of the nineteenth
century, and were no_faster_than a horse.
人们最早使用汽车是在19世纪末，而且当时的汽车跑得并不比马快。
(1)no＋比较级＋than表示“仅仅；并不比……”(两者都不……)。
①Their new flat has no more than 60 square metres.
他们的新居只有60平方米。②They were no cleverer than I.
＝Neither I nor they were clever.
他们并不比我聪明多少。(他们和我都不聪明)
③This novel is no more interesting than that one.
＝Neither this novel nor that one is interesting.
这本小说并不比那本有趣多少。(2)not＋比较级＋than ...表示“不超过……；不如……”
④This novel is ； interesting that one.
＝That novel is more interesting than this one.
这本小说不如那本有趣。not morethan2．He's just invented a clock that not_only tells the time,
but_also plays a song to wake you up!
他刚发明了一个钟表，它既能看时间，还能唱歌把你叫醒！
(1)not only ...but also ...表示“不但……而且……”，连接两
个并列的成分。连接两个名词或代词作主语时，遵循就
近一致的原则。连接两个动词或动词短语时，要注意前
后一致。①Not only I but also Tom and Mary are fond of watching television.
不仅我，而且汤姆和玛丽都喜欢看电视。
②The Americans and the British not only speak the same language but also share a large number of social customs.
英国人和美国人不但语言相同，而且有很多相同的风俗习惯。(2)not only ...but also ...连接除主语外的其他成分时，如
果位于句首，not only 后的主谓需要部分倒装，但but also 后的主谓不能倒装；but also 中的also有时可省略。
③Not only their own ideas on the matter, but the students have theirs, too.
对这件事不仅教授们有自己的看法，学生们也有自己的想法。do the professors have完成句子
1. 浅色和鲜艳的颜色不但使人看了高兴，也会使人更加
活泼。
Light and bright colors make people
.
2．不仅学生们在欣赏这部影片，他们的老师也在欣赏这
部影片。
the students their teacher
.not only happy but more activeNot onlybut alsois enjoying the film3．电视不仅吸引能阅读的人，而且也吸引了不会阅读的人。
Not only those who can read but those who can't.
4．他的英语同我的英语一样不好。
His English is mine.
5．他的确工作努力，能及时完成任务。
He hard and can finish the job in time.does television attractno better thandoes work课件55张PPT。Module 5Section Ⅳ语法讲座写作讲座考点精析专题练习佳作观摩技法指导专题练习限制性定语从句一、定语从句的基本知识
作定语的从句叫定语从句。定语从句通常置于它所修饰的名词(或代词)之后，这种名词(或代词)被称为先行词。引导定语从句的关联词被称为关系代词或关系副词。定语从句分为限制性和非限制性定语从句，限制性定语从句对所修饰的先行词起限制作用，在意义上与先行词密不可分。1．关系代词The man who was here yesterday is a painter.
昨天在这里的那个人是位画家。(who在从句中作主语)The man who I saw is called Smith.
我见到的那个人叫史密斯。(who在从句中作宾语，亦可省略)
I know the man whom you mean.
我认识你指的那个人。(whom在从句中作宾语)
A letter that is written in pencil is difficult to read.
用铅笔写的信很难读。(that在从句中作主语，指物)
Is he the man that sells eggs?
他是卖鸡蛋的那个人吗？(that在从句中作主语，指人)
This is the book which has been translated into many languages.
这就是那本被翻译成多种语言的书。(which在从句中作主语)[考题印证1]
　(2011·新课标全国卷)The prize will go to the writer
story shows the most imagination.
A. that B.which
C.whose D.what
解析： 　考查定语从句。先行词the writer 与定语从句的主语 story 之间为所属关系，因此用关系代词whose 引导定语从句。选C(1)用that而不用 which的情况
①先行词为all, much, little, everything, anything, nothing, none, few, the one等不定代词时。
I mean the one that was bought yesterday.
我指的是昨天买的那个。
②先行词被形容词最高级或被only, any, few, little, no, all, one of等修饰时。
It is the most important task that should be finished soon.这是必须马上完成的最重要的任务。③先行词为数词或被序数词(含last)修饰时。
Look at these flowers. You can see the two that you gave me.
瞧这些花，你能看到你给我的那两朵。
④先行词中既有人又有物时。
We were deeply impressed by the teachers and schools that we had visited.
我们访问过的老师和学校给我们留下了深刻的印象。⑤先行词在主句中作表语，或关系代词在从句中作表语时。
It's a book that will help you a lot.
这是本对你很有帮助的书。
My hometown is no longer the place that it used to be.
我的故乡现在已不再是过去的那个面貌了。[考题印证2]
　(2010·全国卷Ⅱ)I refuse to accept the blame for
something________was someone else's fault.
A．who　　　　　　　　　 B．that
C．as D．what
解析： 　考查定语从句。that was someone else‘s fault是定语从句，修饰先行词 something, that在从句中作主语。 选B(2)as引导限制性定语从句，as可在定语从句中作主语、宾
语或表语，常用于the same ...as, such ...as和so ...as结构中。
Such English as is spoken here is not British.
像在这儿说的英语并不是英式英语。
He is not such a fool as he looks.
他并不像看上去那么傻。2．关系副词(1)when代替的先行词是表示时间的名词，在定语从句中
作时间状语，可用“介词＋关系代词which”来代替。
He came at a time when we needed him most.
他在我们最需要的时候来了。
We'll never forget the day when/on which the People's Republic of China was founded.
我们永远不会忘记中华人民共和国成立的那一天。[考题印证3]
　(2012·浙江高考)We live in an age ________ more
information is available with greater ease than ever before.
A．why B．when
C．to whom D．on which
解析： 　考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知此处考查定语从句，先行词是an age，关系词在定语从句中作时间状语，所以应该用关系副词when，故选B项。选B(2)where代替的先行词是表示地点的名词，在定语从句中
作地点状语，可用“介词＋which”代替。
This is the room where/in which he put up for the night.
这就是他过夜的那所房子。
What is the name of the village where/in which we stayed yesterday?
我们昨天待过的那个村子叫什么名字？[考题印证4]
　(2010·江西高考)The girl arranged to have piano lessons
at the training centre with her sister________she would stay for an hour.
A．where　　　　　　　　　B．who
C．which D．what
解析： 　考查关系词的用法。由空后句子中的stay可知，先行词应为表示地点的the training centre；同样由stay可知，先行词在定语从句中作状语，故用关系副词where引导限制性定语从句。选A(3)why代替的先行词是表示理由的名词(通常是reason)，
在定语从句中作原因状语，可以用for which代替。
You can never understand the reason why he did it.
你永远也不会明白他做这件事的原因。
Can you give the reason for which you are always late?
你能给出你总是迟到的原因吗？(4)that可以在定语从句中作方式状语，先行词通常是way，
这时that可用in which代替，也可省略that。
I don't like the way that he treats children.
我不喜欢他对待孩子们的方式。
The way that/in which he walks is funny.
他走路的方式很滑稽。二、“介词＋关系代词”引导的限制性定语从句
1．关系代词的选定
如果先行词指事(物)，关系代词就用which，指人则
用whom。
This is the classroom in which we studied last year.
这就是我们去年学习用的教室。
There are sixty students in our class, twenty of whom
are girls.
我们班有60名学生，其中20名是女生。2．介词的选定
(1)根据先行词来选用介词。
The reason for which I came here is that I want to get your help.
我来这儿的原因是我想得到你的帮助。
The farm on which I once worked has taken on a new look.
我曾经工作过的农场呈现出一派新景象。(2)根据定语从句中的谓语动词或形容词来选用介词。
The person to whom I spoke just now is my English teacher.
我刚才与之讲话的那个人是我的英语老师。
China is a beautiful country, of which we are greatly proud.
中国是个美丽的国家，我们为之感到非常骄傲。[点津]　有些“动词＋介词”习语不可把介词置于关系代词前。如果介词提前，将会失去动词习语原来的意义。
This is the right tape which I'm looking for.(√)
This is the right tape for which I'm looking.(×)
这就是我正要的那盘磁带。
(3)根据句子的意思确定介词。
This is the pilot for whom I bought a camera.
这个就是我给他买照相机的飞行员。[考题印证5]
　(2012·湖南高考)Care of the soul is a gradual process
________ even the small details of life should be considered.
A．what B．in what
C．which D．in which 解析：选D　考查定语从句。句意：心灵的呵护是一个渐进的过程，在这一过程中，即使是生活中最细小的细节也应该考虑在内。________ even the smallest details of life should be considered是定语从句部分，该部分主干完整，所以选关系副词；先行词是process，表抽象地点，所以选in which，相当于where。Ⅰ.用适当的关系词填空
1．I still remember the night I first came to the
house.
2．I will never forget the days I spent with
your family.
3．He lives in the room window faces to the south.
4．Winter is the time of year the days are short and
nights are long.whenthat/whichwhosewhen5．Have you been to the factory I
worked?
6．The man about I talked at the meeting is from
Beijing University.
7．The goal for he had fought all his life no longer
seemed important to him.
8．Look out！Don't get too close to the house roof
is under repair.in which/wherewhomwhichwhose9.The reason he was late for school was that he got
up late.?
10.Women drink more than two cups of coffee a day
have a greater chance of having heart disease than
those who dont.?whywhoⅡ.单项填空
1．The days are gone________ physical strength was all
you needed to make a living.
A．when　　　　　　　　　 B．that
C．where D．which
解析： 　考查定语从句。句意：体力是谋生所需的一切的日子已消逝了。根据句意可知此处是when引导的定语从句，修饰先行词the days，且when在从句中作时间状语，故选A项。选A2．Stephen Hawking believes that the earth is unlikely to
be the only planet________ life has developed gradually.
A．that B．where
C．which D．whose
解析： 　考查定语从句。句意：史蒂芬·霍金认为地球不可能是唯一有生命逐渐形成的行星。where引导的定语从句在此处修饰先行词planet，并在从句中作地点状语。that和 which在定语从句中通常作主语或宾语；whose在定语从句中只能作定语。故选B项。选B3．I've become good friends with several of the students in
my school________ I met in the English speech contest last year.
A．who B．where
C．when D．which
解析： 　考查定语从句。句意：我和去年在英语演讲比赛中遇到的我校的几个同学成了好朋友。题干中several of the students是先行词，I met in the English speech contest last year是定语从句，从句中的谓语动词met是一个及物动词，缺少宾语，所以只有A项符合题意。选A4．That's the new machine________ parts are too small to
be seen.
A．that B．which
C．whose D．what
解析： 　考查定语从句。句意：那就是那台零部件小到看不见的新机器。先行词是machine，定语从句中的主语parts前缺少限定词。whose 引导定语从句时，在从句中作定语；that 和which 在定语从句中通常作主语或者宾语，不作定语；what不能引导定语从句，故C项正确。选C5．Because of the financial crisis, days are
gone________local 5-star hotels charged 6,000 yuan for one night.
A．if B．when
C．which D．since
解析： 　句意：由于金融危机，当地五星级酒店一晚上收费6千元的日子一去不复返了。when引导定语从句，修饰名词days，在定语从句中作时间状语。which 在所引导的定语从句中可作主语或宾语。if和since引导状语从句。选B6．Wind power is an ancient source of energy________ we
may return in the near future.
A．on which B．by which
C．to which D．from which
解析： 　return to 为固定搭配，意为“回到。恢复
到”，to which we may return in the near future引导定语从句，修饰先行词energy。选C7．The media today can draw public attention to
situations________ help is actually needed.
A．why B．while
C．where D．whose
解析： 　in this situation “在这种形势/情况
下”。where(＝in which) 引导定语从句，修饰situations。选C8．Is this the girl________ whom I can turn for help？Is
she good at this subject?
A．to B．with
C．in D．at
解析： 　turn to sb.for help为固定搭配，所以用“介词to＋whom”引导定语从句，修饰先行词the girl。选A9．Luckily, we'd brought a road map without________ we
would have lost our way.
A．it B．that
C．this D．which
解析： 　句意：幸运的是，我们带了一张行车图，没有它我们就迷路了。先行词是物，紧跟在介词后面的关系代词只能用which。选D10．Could it be in the bookstore________ you bought the
dictionary yesterday________ you left behind your wallet?
A．which; that B．that; which
C．where; that D．that; where
解析： 　where 引导的是一个定语从句，修饰bookstore；that是强调结构中的一部分。选C正反对比类议论文 现在越来越多的人喜欢网购。请根据表格提示的信息，以“The advantages and disadvantages of online shopping”为题写一篇短文，说明网购的优点和缺点，并发表自己的观点。100词左右。 The advantages and disadvantages of online shopping
①Nowadays, online shopping has become increasingly popular.
②People who like it say that it is more convenient to do online shopping. ③First, people can shop without leaving their home. ④Second, the Internet can help people get the goods not available in the place where they live. ⑤Besides, online prices are usually lower. ⑥However, some people have opposite opinions. ⑦First, the goods people get sometimes differ a lot from the pictures on the Internet. ⑧Second, people can't try on the clothes. ⑨In addition, the goods can't be exchanged easily.
⑩In my opinion, though online shopping has weaknesses, it will play an important part in shopping.,第一段：用一句话引出要讨论的话题online shopping。
第二段：陈述网购的优点。
第三段：陈述网购的缺点。
第四段：表达自己的看法。③④⑤⑦⑧⑨句中运用了first, second, besides, in addition等过渡性词语，使行文非常连贯。
③④⑤句中用了without leaving ..., not available, lower等亮点词汇对网购的优点进行了陈述。
②④⑦句运用了定语从句、宾语从句高级句式。
⑩句运用though online shopping has weaknesses这一让步状语从句，表示对网购的肯定态度。 议论文是对某个问题或某件事进行分析、评论，表明自己的观点、立场、态度、看法和主张的一种文体。正反对比类议论文是从正反两方面辩证地说明某个观点。以下将主要说明一下这一类议论文的写法。
1．此类文章的结构一般为：引语——正方观点——反方观点——结论。 2．文章要做到要点完整、条理清晰。各段之间层次清楚，以使文章显得有条理。从段落内部的层次上讲，每一段一般又分为三部分：主题句、扩展句和总结句。
3．正确定位时态：常用一般现在时。
4．套用常用词汇与结构：准确使用常用词汇与结构会使你的作文更地道。[黄金表达]
1．开头用语
①We have a discussion about ...
②Recently, we had a heated discussion on ...
③According to a recent survey ...
④When it comes to …2．论证用语
①Opinions are divided on the question.
②Others have different opinions.
③Some students are for the idea, while others think otherwise.
④On the one hand ...On the other hand ...
⑤First/Second/Third/What‘s more/Besides/In addition ...3．比较用语
①in comparison, likewise, similarly, in the same manner ...
②on the other hand, conversely, whereas, while, instead, nevertheless, in contrast, on the contrary, compared with …4．结束用语
①To sum up/In a word/In conclusion/In short/Above all/In general/Generally speaking ...
②I still hold the view that ...
③Therefore, it is easy to draw the conclusion that ... 根据下面图表所示内容用英语写一篇短文，先阐述乘飞机或火车从青岛到广州旅行的利弊，然后得出结论。注意：1.短文应包括图表中的内容，可适当发挥；
2.词数120～150。[参考范文]
Air travel has two advantages over train travel. First, it can save much time. We can fly from Qingdao to Guangzhou in just 3 hours, but by train, we have to spend 28 hours. Second, air travel is more comfortable, because the plane flies so smoothly that we can rest well during the trip, while the train is crowded sometimes and we have to sit a long time, which makes us tired. But train travel also has its own advantages. For example, traveling by train costs only 266 yuan, while traveling by air will take us 1,250 yuan. Besides, we can enjoy the views of many big cities, such as Jinan, Zhengzhou, Wuhan, Changsha, etc. through the windows of a train.
So I think different people like different ways of traveling.课件24张PPT。Module 6Section ⅠStep 1Step 2Step 3Step 4Step 51．Could you tell us some historical sites? Which one have
you visited?
2．Is it dangerous when water rose to the maximum level at
China‘s Three Gorges Dam? Water rose to the maximum (最高的) level at China's Three Gorges Dam, driving electricity output to full capacity (生产量) at the world's largest hydropower plant for the first time since it began operating.
The dam is a ＄ 23 billion project on the upper reaches of China‘s longest river, the Yangtze River. It was built to end centuries of floods and to provide energy to fuel the country’s economic growth. Construction of the 410-mile-long(660-kilometer-long) reservoir began in 1993 and it began storing water in 2003.
Its water level hit its peak height of 175 meters at 9 am on Tuesday, according to project operator, the China Three Gorges Project Corp. The previous record was 172.8 meters (567 feet) set in 2008, the year when the generators began operating. Company chairman Cao Guangjing called it a “historic milestone”. He said annual powergeneration would reach 84.7 billion kilowatt hours, which would enable the project to realize its fun_ction of power generation to the full.
To reach that level, dam officials had begun holding back water in September. The water level will be kept at the current height for about two months and then be allowed to drop. In the future, the water level will be kept between 145 meters (476 feet) and 175 meters (574 feet), depending on flood control needs. But that could carry risks. Last year, a Chinese magazine Caijing mentioned a government report that warned that rising water levels were increasing landslide risks as the soil around the dam became more unsettled. But expert Yan Echuan, part of an expert team hired by the government to assess(评估) geological risks of the project, said he didn‘t believe that keeping the water at the maximum level caused an increased danger since water levels had been as high as 172 meters (564 feet) in the past months. “Theoretically(理论上), there would be risks of landslides，” he said. “But it does not make too much difference if the water level is raised two or three meters from 172 to 175 meters. There‘s no substantive (实质的) change in the local geological conditions.” 　Read the following pictures and choose the proper word from the given ones for each picture.
A．gorge　B．canal　C．dam　D．Reservoir
E．airport F．Cliff参考答案：1－6　EBFCADScan the passage and match each paragraph with its main idea.
Para. 1　　A. the advantages of the Three Gorges Dam
project
Para. 2 B．what happened to the people there
Para. 3 C．what happened to the historical sites there
Para. 4 D．the dream of Mao Zedong
Para. 5　 E．the description of the Three Gorges Dam
project
答案：Para. 1－Para.5　DEABCⅠ.Choose the best answer according to the passage.
1．Why is the Three Gorges Dam constructed?
A．To harness the Yangtze River.
B．To control flooding and provide power for the
central region of China.
C．To reduce the air pollution caused by burning coal.
D．To realize Mao Zedong‘s dream.2．Who came up with the idea of constructing the dam?
A．Mao Zedong.
B．Sun Yat-sen.
C．The government.
D．Some experts.3．What is the benefit after the construction?
A．Many cities, towns and villages have been flooded.
B．More than one billion people in the region have
moved from their homes.
C．The Three Gorges Dam area has become one of
the most beautiful areas of China.
D．Many famous historical sites have been flooded.4．What can we learn from the passage?
A．The Three Gorges Dam is the biggest construction
project in China.
B．The dam makes sure that the Yangtze River won't
cause floods.
C．China's electricity is mainly generated by burning
coal.
D．More than a billion people have moved from their
homes.
答案：1.B　2.B　3.C　4.CⅡ.Fill in the blanks according to the passage.1911 Revolutionpoemhydro-electric power20040 millionfloodedhistoricalmuseumsFill in the blanks according to the passage.
The Three Gorges Dam, the biggest construction
1. ,has been built to 2. flooding and
3. hydro-electric power for the central region of China. The dam is nearly 200 metres high and 1.5 kilometres wide. It is the largest hydro-electric power station and dam in the world and has 4. more than any other construction project in 5. .projectcontrolprovidecosthistory The dam will 6. electricity equal to about 40 million tons of coal without causing so much air
7. .
The reservoir has 8. 2 cities, 11 counties, 140 towns and more than 4,000 villages. More than a million people have moved from their homes and they‘re living a 9. new life in different areas.generatepollutionfloodedhappy The Three Gorges area is one of the most beautiful areas of China and the project has flooded some of China‘s most famous 10. sites. Some of them are being removed and some are being put into museums.historicalIs it necessary for us to protect some historical sites, especially some very old buildings?
__________________________________________________
__________________________________________________参考答案：
(1)I think it is necessary for us to do so. They are great constructions made in ancient time. And they are historical relics.
(2)Though they are old, they have unique value that others can't compare with.
(3)It‘s our duty to protect them from being destroyed.课件56张PPT。Module 6Section Ⅱ语言点一语言点二语言点三识记·掌握理解·拓展应用·落实识记·掌握理解·拓展应用·落实识记·掌握理解·拓展应用·落实Ⅰ.根据所给词性及汉语释义写出单词
1． vt.迁移；搬迁
2． vt.容纳(乘客等)→ n． [U]住
处； (pl.)膳宿
3． n．(尤指木头、象牙等的)雕刻(品)→
v．刻；雕刻
4． n．建造；建设；建筑→ v．建
筑；建造
5． vt.发(电)→ n．产生；发生removeaccommodateaccommodationcarvingcarveconstructionconstructgenerategeneration6． adj.历史的；有关历史的→ adj.有历
史意义的→ n．历史；历史学
7． adj.狭窄的→ adv. 狭窄地
8． n．诗；诗歌→ n．(总称)诗；诗歌
→ n．诗人
9． adj.全球的→ n．地球；球体historicalhistorichistorynarrownarrowlypoempoetrypoetglobalglobeⅡ.根据英文释义及首字母提示写出单词
1． (adj.) relating to the people who live in a country
2． (n.) a high area of land with a very steep side
3． (n.) the work involved in designing and
constructing engines and machinery, or structures such as roads and bridges
4． (n.) a deep, narrow valley with very steep sides,
usually where a river passes through mountains or an area of hard rockscivilcliffengineeringgorge5． (n.) the way in which something is made,
built, or organized
6． (n.) something that was made or used a long time
ago and that is kept for its historical significance
7． (vt.) to control and use a natural force to
produce power
8． (vt.) to go under the surface of water, or to
put something under water or another liquidstructurerelicharnesssubmerge1．accommodate vt. 容纳 (乘客等)；供应；供给；使适应
(一)背诵佳句培养语感
(教材原句)The airport is within five hours' flying time of half the world's population and is designed to accommodate 80 million passengers a year.
世界上一半的人口都可以在五小时之内飞抵该机场，机场年计划可容纳8千万乘客。
(鲜活例句)The hall can only accommodate 200 people.
这个大厅只能容纳200人。(二)归纳拓展全析考点(1)accommodate sb. with sth.　　 提供某人某物
accommodate to sth. 适应，顺应……
accommodate oneself to sth. 使自己适应于……
accommodate sb. for (the night) 留某人(过夜)
(2)provide accommodations for 为……提供膳宿①I was accommodated to the food here soon after I came.
我来这里之后很快适应了这里的食物。②The company will accommodate us with a loan.
那个公司将会给我们提供贷款。
③You will have to accommodate yourself to the changed situation.
你必须适应变化了的形势。
④Many of these are boarding schools, which
pupils during term time.
这当中很多是寄宿学校，在学习期间为学生提供膳宿。provide accommodations for2．historical adj历史的；有关历史的
(一)背诵佳句培养语感
(教材原句)About 800 historical relics have been submerged.
大约800个历史遗迹被淹没。
(鲜活例句)Qu Yuan is a historical play written by Guo Moruo.
《屈原》是郭沫若写的一部历史剧。
(鲜活例句)He gave all the historical papers of his grandfather's to the public library.
他将他祖父所有关于历史学的论文都赠送给了公共图书馆。(二)明辨易混失误防范
比较　historical, historic用historical和historic填空
①The founding of the People's Republic of China was a
event.historic②Was King Arthur a real figure?
③Let's look at this from a standpoint.
④There were many famous figures in the
city of Beijing in history.historicalhistoricalhistoricalhistoric3. remove vt. & vi.迁移；搬迁；取消；开除；脱掉
(一)背诵佳句培养语感
(教材原句)Some of them are being removed and some are being put into museums.
其中一些正在被搬迁，有一些正在被放进博物馆里。
(鲜活例句)Our office has removed from Boston to New York.
我们的办事处已经从波士顿迁至纽约。
(鲜活例句)Three children were removed from the school for persistent bad behaviour.
三个孩子因持续行为不检被学校开除。(二)明辨易混失误防范
比较　move, remove用move和remove填空
①He the mud from his shoes.
②Will you help me this table?
③After dinner, I was busy the dishes from the table.removedmove/to moveremovingⅠ.选词填空narrow， construction， civil， historical， remove， generate， structure， global1．The book she is reading is based on events.
2．Please your bag on the seat so that I can sit
down.
3．This is a path leading to the mountainous
area.historicalremovenarrow4．The city has been under since last year.
5．The lawyer explained to us that law was different
from criminal law.
6．The main cause of warming is human pollution.
7．The flowing water is used to electricity.
8．Some of the buildings in the palace have been rebuilt
but the main remained the same.constructioncivilglobalgeneratestructuresⅡ.单项填空
1．This area is rich in coal so habitants use tons of coal
to________ electricity.
A．offer　　　　　　　　　　B．create
C．bring D．generate
解析： 　根据语境可知应该是人们用煤来发电，generate electricity “发电”；offer, create, bring和electricity 搭配没有“发电”的意思。选D2．I'd like you to ________ my name from your list. I
don't want to be involved in the matter.
A．modify B．guide
C．remove D．weed
解析： 　考查易混动词辨析。句意：我想让你把我的名字从你的名单上去掉，我不想卷入这件事中。remove“去掉”，符合句意。modify“修饰”；weed“锄去(草等)”；guide“指导；领导”。选C3．You must place these events in their ________ context.
A．history B．historical
C．historic D．historically
解析： 　句意：你必须把这些事件同它们的历史环境联系起来看。history“历史”；historical “与历史有关的”；historic“有历史意义的”； historically是副词，不能修饰名词。根据句意选B项。选B4．After the earthquake, the first thing the local
government did was to provide ________ for the homeless families.
A．accommodation B．occupation
C．equipment D．furniture
解析： 　考查名词词义辨析。句意：地震以后，
当地政府所做的第一件事情就是为无家可归者提供住处。accommodation“住处”，符合句意。occupation“职业”；equipment“装备”；furniture“家具”。选A1．date 　　　　　　　 起源于
2．dream 梦想
3．hold 阻止
4．come (梦想等)变成现实
5． history 在历史上
6．be to do 被设计用于fromofbacktrueindesigned1．date from起源于；始于；追溯到
(一)背诵佳句培养语感
(教材原句)Most of the Great Wall dates from the Ming Dynasty (1368—1644)．
长城的大部分始建于明朝(1368—1644)。
(鲜活例句)The custom dates from the time when men wore swords.
这一习俗始于人类佩带刀剑的时代。(二)归纳拓展全析考点(1)date back to　　　 追溯到……；始于……
(2)out of date 过时的；废弃的
up to date 现代的；当今的
fix a date for 约定……的日期①We need to fix a date for the next meeting.
我们得为下次会议定个日期。
②This church the 13th century.
这座教堂的历史可以追溯到13世纪。
[点津]
date from＝ date back to， 常用于一般现在时，没有被动语态，也没有进行时态。dates back to2．hold back阻止；抑制；控制(情感)；隐瞒
(一)背诵佳句培养语感
(教材原句)Mao Zedong wrote a poem in which he dreamed of “walls of stone to hold back clouds and rain till a smooth lake rises in the narrow gorges”．
毛泽东写过一首词，在这首词里，他想象了“更立西江石壁，截断巫山云雨，高峡出平湖”的壮丽景观。(鲜活例句)The villagers built banks of earth to hold back the flood water.
村民们用泥土筑起堤坝来阻止洪水。
(鲜活例句)The boss was unable to hold back his anger any longer.
老板再也抑制不住怒火了。(二)归纳拓展全析考点hold one's breath　 屏住呼吸
hold on to 抓住，保持，保留
hold up 举起；耽误
hold out 伸出；提出；主张
hold on 继续；抓住不放；(打电话)不挂断①Can you hold on? I'll try to find her.
别挂电话好吗？我去找她来。
②The building work has been by bad weather.
由于天气不好，建筑工程被耽误下来了。
③I think I'll hold on to the records, but you can have the tapes.
我想我会把唱片留着，但你可以拿走磁带。 held up3．come true (梦想等) 变成现实
(一)背诵佳句培养语感
(教材原句)Now his dream has come true.
如今，他的理想变成了现实。
(鲜活例句)I hope his dream of becoming a pianist will come true.
我希望他成为钢琴家的梦想将会成真。(二)归纳拓展全析考点come about　　　　 发生；产生
come across 偶然遇见
come on 快点儿；加油
come out 显露；出版
come to (尤指突然)想起；意识到；涉及
come up with 想出；提供①Come on, everybody. Let's go.
大家快点！我们走吧。②It was several weeks before the truth of the matter came out.
事情的真相几个星期后才得到披露。
③Can you tell me how the accident
你能告诉我事故是怎样发生的吗？
④He came up with a good idea just now.
他刚才想出来一个好主意。came about?⑤The idea came to him in his bath.
他洗澡时想出了这个主意。
⑥I can use computers, but repairing them, I know nothing.
我会使用计算机，但若谈到修理，我就一窍不通了。 when it comes to(三)明辨易混失误防范
比较　come true, realize用come true和realize填空
⑦He finally his dream of learning how to play the violin.
⑧The girl‘s dream to be a doctor with the help of her teacher.realizedcame trueⅠ.选词填空date from， under construction， hold back， come true，dream of， be designed to1．When he heard the frightening news, he couldn't
his tears.
2．What should you do in order to make your dream
?hold backcome true3．These old customs possibly the 13th century.
4．We buying our own house.
5．When we got to the hotel, it was still
.
6．These exercises develop and
strengthen muscles.date fromdream ofunder constructionare designed toⅡ.单项填空
1．The treasures ________ 3,800 years ago were recently
unearthed in Shanxi Province in the northwest of China.
A．dated back to　　　　　　B．dating back to
C．dates back to D．were dating back to
解析： 　考查后置定语。date back to ＝ date from，意为“起源于；追溯到”，一般不用于被动语态。根据句中的were recently unearthed可知，空白处为动词-ing形式短语作后置定语，修饰treasures。选B2．His dream ________ to China never________.
A．of coming; came true B．to come; came true
C．of coming; realized D．to come; was made true
解析： 　句意：他来中国的梦想一直没实现。dream of doing sth. “梦想做某事”；come true“(梦想等)实现。”选A3．People have planted a great many trees in order to
________ wind and sand in the desert.
A．hold down B．hold up
C．hold back D．hold out
解析： 　句意：人们种了大量的树以阻挡沙漠中的风沙。hold down“压制；限制”；hold up“(使)推迟；耽搁；支撑”；hold back“阻挡；抵制”；hold out“维持；坚持”。只有C项符合句意。选C1．[句型展示]　The Three Gorges Dam, which is the
biggest construction project in China since the building of the Great Wall and the Grand Canal, has been built to control flooding and provide hydro-electric power for the central region of China.
三峡大坝是继长城和大运河以来中国最大的建筑工程，它的修建是为了控制洪水泛滥并向华中地区提供电力。
[典例背诵]　Once more I am in Boston, where I have not been for ten years.
我又来到了波士顿，我已有10年没有到这里来了。 2．[句型展示]　It is the largest hydro-electric power
station and dam in the world and has cost more_than_any_other_construction project in history.
这是世界上最大的大坝和水力发电站，投资超过历史上任何其他的建筑工程。
[典例背诵]　Everyone knows that there are more speakers of Mandarin than any other language in the world.
大家都知道，世界上说普通话的人最多。3. [句型展示]　Three_quarters of China's energy is
produced by burning coal.
中国四分之三的能源来自煤的燃烧。
[典例背诵]　Three quarters of the students in our class are boys.
我们班四分之三的学生是男生。4. [句型展示]　Unfortunately, burning_coal causes
serious air pollution and increases global warming.
不幸的是，燃煤导致了严重的空气污染并使全球变暖。
[典例背诵]　His being late again made his teacher very angry.
他又一次迟到使得他的老师非常生气。5. [句型展示]　Some of them are_being_removed and
some are_being_put_into museums.
其中一些被迁往别处，一些被放进了博物馆。
[典例背诵]　The problem about food security is being discussed in the meeting.
与会者正讨论食品安全问题。1．The Three Gorges Dam, which is the biggest
construction project in China since the building of the Great Wall and the Grand Canal, has been built to control flooding and provide hydro-electric power for the central region of China.
三峡大坝是继长城和大运河以来中国最大的建筑工程，它的修建是为了控制洪水泛滥并向华中地区提供电力。 句中which 引导的非限制性定语从句修饰先行词the Three Gorges Dam，也可省略which is, 变为名词短语the biggest construction project ... and the Grand Canal作同位语。本句主干部分为The Three Gorges Dam has been built，是被动语态。不定式短语to control flooding 意为“控制洪水泛滥”，与后面的不定式短语 provide ... for the central region of China(由and 连接，to 承前省略)都作目的状语。①My father persuaded my mother to go to a dental school, from which she graduated with honors.
我的父亲说服了母亲去了一所牙科学校，她以优异的成绩从那里毕业。
②Then he met Mary, invited him to a party.
后来他遇到了玛丽，玛丽邀请他去参加聚会。who /and she2．It is the largest hydro-electric power station and dam in
the world and has cost more_than_any_other_construction project in history.
这是世界上最大的大坝及水力发电站，投资超过历史上任何其他的建筑工程。
该句中more than any other construction 用了“非最高级结构表达最高级含义”的用法。其基本结构为：
形容词或副词的比较级＋than＋
Tom studies harder than any other student in his class.
＝ Tom studies harder than the other students in his class.
＝ Tom studies harder than any of the other students in his class.
汤姆是他班上学习最用功的学生。完成句子
1．他是班里最高的。
He is taller than in his class.
→He is taller than in his class.
→He is taller than in his class.
2. 许多节能车在车展中展览。
Many new energy-saving cars
in the car exhibition. any of the other studentsthe other studentsany other studentare being shown/are on show3．他提到了一本书，我不记得这本书的书名了。
He mentioned a book, title I can't remember.
→He mentioned a book, the title I can't remember.
→He mentioned a book, the title I can't remember.
4．这片森林的四分之三被毁掉了。
Three quarters of the forest .
5．散步是一种对年轻人和老人都有益的锻炼形式。
is a good form of exercise for both the young and the old.whoseof whichof whichis destroyedWalking课件44张PPT。Module 6Section Ⅲ语言点一语言点二语言点三识记·掌握理解·拓展应用·落实识记·掌握理解·拓展应用·落实识记·掌握理解·拓展应用·落实语篇理解Ⅰ.True (T) or False (F)．
1．All the tallest buildings in the world were built in the
1990s. ( )
2．The World Trade Centre twin towers are taller than the
Empire State Building. ( )
3．At daytime, you can see five US states at the top of the
twin towers. ( )
4．The World Trade Centre twin towers were destroyed in
the year 1945. ( )
5．In 2004, the tallest building in the world is 509 metres
in height. ( )FTFFTⅡ.Choose the best answer according to the passage.
1．How long was the Empire State Building as the tallest
building in the world?
A．For 75 years.
B．For 41 years.
C．For 31 years.
D．For 72 years.2．Which building has the most storeys in the world?
A．Taipei 101.
B．Empire State Building.
C．Sears Tower.
D．Petronas Tower 2.3．Which statement is TRUE according to the passage?
A．To build Empire State Building, people only used
ten million bricks.
B．Lightning strikes the Empire State Building about
500 times a month.
C．There was once a plane, which crashed into the
Empire State Building.
D．The Empire State Building has 78 floors.4．The highest building in the world in 2004 is
in________.
A．Taipei, PRC
B．Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
C．Chicago, the US
D．Hong Kong, PRC
答案：1.B　2.C　3.C　4.A根据所给词性及汉语释义写出单词
1． adj.荒唐的；可笑的
2． vi.(飞机)失事；坠毁
3． adj.冷冰冰的；极冷的→ v. 结冰；冷冻
→ adj. 冷冻的；冻硬的；结冰的
4． adj.巨大的；庞大的→ adv. 巨大地
5． n．观察台→ v．注意；观察
→ n. 注意；观察
6． adj.有浓雾的→ n．雾ridiculouscrashfreezingfreezefrozenenormousenormouslyobservatoryobserveobservationfoggyfog1．freezing adj.极冷的；冷冰冰的 n. 冰点；零度
(一)背诵佳句培养语感
(教材原句)It was freezing.
天冷极了！
(鲜活例句)Your hands are freezing cold!
你的手冰冷冰冷的！(二)归纳拓展全析考点(1)freezing point 　　　　　　 冰点
(2)freeze v. (froze, frozen) 使冻结；结冰；凝固
(3)frozen adj. 冷冻的；冻结的①The cold weather can even freeze petrol in car engines.
寒冷的天气甚至能使汽车发动机里的汽油凝固。
②The frozen snow crunched under our feet.
冻结的雪在我们的脚下嘎吱作响。
③The temperature has dropped to the point.
气温已降到了冰点。freezing2．crash v. & n. (飞机)失事；坠毁；碰撞；(发出)巨响
(一)背诵佳句培养语感
(教材原句)In 1945, a US military plane, which was flying over Manhattan on a foggy day, crashed into the building just above the 78th floor.
1945年的一个雾天，美国一架军用飞机在曼哈顿上空飞行时，撞入了78层之上的楼层中。
(鲜活例句)The crash of rear-end collision in Wenzhou, Zhejiang made 39 person lose their lives.
浙江温州的动车追尾事件使得39人丧失了生命。(二)归纳拓展全析考点crash into/onto ...　　　　　　　　　　 撞到……上
crash sth. down 向下猛击①The car crashed into the truck on the way, killing its driver and two passengers.
轿车在路上撞上了卡车，致使司机和两名乘客死亡。
②Rod's face went bright red and he
on the table.
罗德的脸涨得通红，砰的一拳打在桌子上。crashed his fist downⅠ.单词拼写
1．The scientist often goes to the (观察台) to
observe the stars in the evening.
2．It will cost (巨大的) amount of money to build
the dam.
3．The old man died on a (极冷的)cold night.
4．The cause of the plane is still under investigation(
调查) now.observatoryenormousfreezingcrash5．What a idea! How can you think of it!
6．On a day, it's difficult to see things.ridiculousfoggyⅡ.单项填空
1．You can't be careful enough to drive on the ________
road in ________ weather.
A．freezing; frozen　　　　　　B．freezing; freezing
C．frozen; freezing D．frozen; frozen
解析： 　句意：天气寒冷时，在冻结的路面上开
车再小心也不为过。freezing “极冷的”；frozen“冻结
的”。选C2．It's ________ for the young mother to expect her
six-month-old baby to talk!
A．ridiculous B．serious
C．urgent D．natural
解析： 　考查形容词辨析。句意：这位年轻的妈妈期望她6个月大的婴儿说话，真是荒唐！ridiculous“荒唐的；可笑的”，符合句意。serious“严肃的；慎重的”；urgent“紧急的”；natural“自然的；天然的”。选A3．—What happened?
—A truck went out of control and ________ into the
back of a bus.
A．crashed B．damaged
C．struck D．occurred
解析： 　考查动词辨析。从答语中的“货车失控”可知，后面是说“它撞上了一辆公共汽车的尾部”。crash在此意为“碰撞；撞击”。damage“损害”，strike“碰撞；撞击”，都可直接跟宾语；occur“发生”。选A1．make 　　　　　　 有意义；有道理
2．be full 充满
3．bring an end 结束；终止
4． the 1990s 在20世纪90年代
5． the top 在顶部
6． the way 一直；一路senseoftoinatall1．make sense有意义；有道理
(一)背诵佳句培养语感
(教材原句)If you take away the attributive clauses, do the sentences still make sense?
如果你把定语从句去掉，这些句子还讲得通吗？
(鲜活例句)This sentence just doesn't make sense, no matter how you read it.
无论你怎样读这个句子，它还是讲不通。
(鲜活例句)It makes sense to save money while you can.
能省钱时就节省，这是明智的。 (二)归纳拓展全析考点make sense of 　　　　　　 理解；明白
in a sense 从某种意义上来说
in some senses 在一定意义上
in no sense 决不
have a sense of ... 有……意识
There is no sense in doing ... 做……是没有意义的①Considering that he is so young, there is no sense in criticizing him.
考虑到他很年轻，批评他是没有意义的。
②You must make sense of what was going on.
你必须弄明白正在发生的一切。
③In no sense promise to help him.
我决不答应帮助他。 would I2．bring an end to 结束；终止(＝bring ... to an end)
(一)背诵佳句培养语感
(教材原句)The Three Gorges Dam is a hydro-electric project which has brought an end to the danger of flooding.
三峡大坝是一个水力发电工程，它结束了洪水泛滥的危险。
(鲜活例句)We must bring an end to the endless argument.
我们必须结束这些无休止的争吵。(二)归纳拓展全析考点put/make an end to ...　　　 结束……
come to an end 结束；完毕
make (both) ends meet 量入为出；使收支相抵
from beginning to end 从头至尾
on end 连续地
in the end 最后；终于①All good things come to an end.
天下没有不散的筵席。
②We must cut down on our spending
.
我们必须削减开支以使收支平衡。to make ends meetⅠ.完成句子
1．你说的话毫无意义。
What you say .
2．她必须尽量弄懂正在发生的一切。
She must try to what was going on.
3．铃声结束了他的噩梦。
The rings of the bell his nightmare.doesn't make sense/makes no sensemake sense ofbrought an end to4．两辆车相撞时车上的窗玻璃破裂成碎片。
The car windows broke into pieces when the two cars
each other.
5．你的作文里满是拼写错误。
Your composition is spelling mistakes.crashed intofull ofⅡ.单项填空
1．It is difficult for me to understand this advertisement.
It shows an unusual image which at first sight doesn't ________.
A．make sense B．make efforts
C．come out D．come true
解析： 句意：我很难理解这个广告，它展示了一个不寻常的图像，乍一看没有任何意义。make sense“有意义”；make efforts“努力”；come out“出来；出版”；come true“实现”。选A。2．Being adopted brought ________ end to the boy's
hardship; he's now living ________ happy life.
A．an; 不填 B．不填； 不填
C．不填； a D．an; a
解析： 考查冠词。句意：被收养结束了这个男孩的苦难，他现在过着幸福的生活。bring an end to意为“结束；终止”；live a(n)．.. life 意为“过……的生活”。选D。3．He returned to the cave, ________ fear.
A．fill with B．full of
C．filled of D．full with
解析： 考查短语辨析。句意：他返回了山洞，内心充满了恐惧。be full of “充满……”； be filled with “被装满……”，故选B。选B。4．—He told me to finish the project by the end of next
week.
—________.Your team only has four people.
A．It's none of your business
B．It's no bother
C．It's doesn't hurt to ask
D．It doesn't make sense
解析： 考查交际用语。句意：“他要求我下星期前把工程完成。”“这毫无道理。你的团队只有4个人。”it doesn‘t make sense“这没有意义；这没有道理”。选D。1．[句型展示]　It_was_strange_to_think that, when my
grandparents lived in the village, there wasn't a reservoir there at all!
我祖父母在那个村庄生活时，那儿一座水库也没有，想到这些真感到不可思议！
[典例背诵]　It's necessary for us to use a short-wave radio to pick up the programmes.
我们有必要用短波收音机收听那个节目。2．[句型展示]　Why do_you_think there are so many tall
buildings in the world now?
你认为为什么现在世界上有这么多的高层建筑呢？
[典例背诵]　What do you suppose they are going to do?
你认为他们要做什么？3．[句型展示]　It was the tallest building in the world
until the World Trade Centre was built in New York in 1972.
在1972年纽约的世贸中心建成之前，它是世界上最高的建筑物。
[典例背诵]　I didn't realize that she was a famous film star until she took off her dark glasses.
她摘下墨镜后我才意识到她是一位有名的影星。1．It_was_strange_to_think that, when my grandparents
lived in the village, there wasn't a reservoir there at all!
我祖父母在那个村庄生活时，那儿一座水库也没有，想到这些真感到不可思议！
(1)句中it为形式主语，真正的主语是to think that ...；that
引导宾语从句作think的宾语，在宾语从句中when my grandparents lived in the village是时间状语从句，there wasn‘t a reservoir there at all是宾语从句中的主句部分。 (2)在“It is/was＋形容词＋不定式复合结构”句型中，若形
容词侧重于评价人物的性格特征，则构成不定式复合结构的介词应用of, 常用的形容词有kind, foolish, good, right, wrong 等；若形容词侧重于描述动词不定式的行为特点，则介词常用for，常用的形容词有hard, possible, necessary等。①It seemed selfish of him not to give them anything.
他不给他们任何东西，这显得太自私了。
② us to get from Beijing to Shanghai in less than 5 hours.
我们有可能在5小时内从北京到达上海。It is possible for 2．Why do_you_think there are so many tall buildings in
the world now?
你认为为什么现在世界上有这么多的高层建筑呢？
本句型是一种复杂的特殊疑问句，其中do you think 是插入语。无论疑问词在句中作什么成分，特殊疑问句都要用陈述语序。这一句型主要用于征询对方对某一疑点的判断、认识、看法和猜测等，或请求对方重复所述之事。适合此句型的动词除think外，还有believe，say，suppose, imagine, consider, guess, know, suggest等。①Who do you think will win the game?
你觉得谁会赢得这场比赛？
②What do you suppose has happened?
你认为发生了什么事？
③Why do you think ?
你认为我们为什么不能兑换你的钞票呢？
④When do you say the new film will be released?
你说说看这部新的电影什么时候发行？we can't change your note翻译句子
1．我独立完成这项使命是很难的。 (it作形式主语)

2. 你认为到底是谁能干出这种事来？ (suppose)

3．我们能够信任他到什么程度？(how far)

4．直到下周才开运动会。(not until倒装句式)
It is difficult to complete the mission on my own.Who on earth do you suppose could have done this?How far can we trust him?Not until next week will the sports meeting be held.课件50张PPT。Module 6Section Ⅳ语法讲座写作讲座考点精析专题练习佳作观摩技法指导专题练习非限制性定语从句和定语从句的省略一、非限制性定语从句
1．非限制性定语从句只是对先行词作附加说明，主从句
关系不十分密切，如果去掉定语从句，主句的意思仍然清楚。从句和主句之间往往用逗号隔开，翻译成汉语时一般另成一句。需要注意的是，that不能引导此类定语从句。 在非限制性定语从句中，常用的关系代词有who, whom, which, as, whose；关系副词有where, when, why等。Charles Smith, who was my former teacher, retired last year.
查尔斯·史密斯去年退休了，他是我以前的老师。
My house, which I bought last year, has got a lovely garden.
我的房子是去年买的，有一个漂亮的花园。[考题印证1]
1－1(2012·全国卷Ⅱ)That evening, ________ I will tell you
more about later, I ended up working very late.
A．that　　　　　　　　　　　　B．which
C．what D．when
解析： 　考查定语从句。句意：那天晚上，我工作到很晚，我以后会告诉你更多相关的情况。which I will tell you more about later是非限制性定语从句，which在从句中作about的宾语，代指that evening。 选B1－2(2012·浙江高考)Ellen was a painter of birds and of
nature, ________， for some reason, had withdrawn from all human society.
A．which B．who
C．where D．whom
解析： 　考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，此处考查定语从句，定语从句的先行词是a painter，关系词在定语从句中作主语，应该用关系代词who。选B2．非限制性定语从句的先行词还可以是一个句子，此时
从句中谓语动词要用第三人称单数形式。
He seems not to have grasped what I meant, which greatly upsets me.
他似乎没明白我的意思，这使我很心烦。
Liquid water changes to vapor, which is called evaporation.
液态水变为蒸气，这一过程就叫做蒸发。[考题印证2]
2－1(2012·陕西高考)It is the third time that she has won
the race, ________ has surprised us all.
A．that B．where
C．which D．what
解析： 　考查非限制性定语从句。句意：这是她第三次赢得比赛，这使得我们大家非常吃惊。关系词 which代表前面整个主句的内容； that不能引导非限制性定语从句；where引导的定语从句，在从句中作地点状语；what不能引导定语从句。选C2－2(2012·江西高考)By 16：30, ________ was almost
closing time, nearly all the paintings had been sold.
A．which B．when
C．what D．that
解析： 　考查定语从句。从后面的closing time(停止营业时间)可以得知此句是在谈时间，但是此句中缺少主语，前面又有一个逗号，所以可以确定这里是一个非限制性定语从句，用which而不用that引导；when不能作主语，故可排除B项；what不能引导定语从句。选A3. 当介词放在关系代词的前面时，关系代词只能用
which(指物)或whom(指人)，作定语时用whose。
I have three friends, none of whom are doctors.
我有三位朋友，其中没有一人是医生。[考题印证3]
(2012·天津高考)I wish to thank Professor Smith, without ________ help I would never have got this far.
A．who B．whose
C．whom D．which
解析： 　考查非限制性定语从句。句意：我想感谢史密斯教授，没有他的帮助我不会取得这样的成绩。从句中的help是名词，与Professor Smith是所属关系，故用whose。选B4．as，which引导的非限制性定语从句
as和which引导的非限制性定语从句，有相同之处也有不同之处。具体情况如下：
(1)as和which通常都可以在定语从句中作主语或宾语，
指代前面整个句子。
He married her, as/ which was natural.
他与她结婚了，这是自然而然的事。(2)as引导的非限制性定语从句，可放在主句之前，也可
以放在主句之后，甚至可以切割主句；which引导的非限制性定语从句只能放在主句之后。此外，as有“正如……；正像……”之意。
As is known to all, Ba Jin is a famous writer.
众所周知，巴金是一位出名的作家。
Air, as we know, is a gas.
众所周知，空气是一种气体。
He has been to Paris several times, which I don't believe.
他去过巴黎多次，这我不相信。[考题印证4]
4－1(2012·安徽高考)A lot of language learning, ________
has been discovered, is happening in the first year of life, so parents should talk much to their children during that period.
A．as B．it
C．which D．this解析： 　考查定语从句。句意：正如发现的那样，大量的语言学习是在出生后的第一年发生的，所以父母应当在那一时期多和孩子说话。分析句子结构可知，“________ has been discovered” 为非限制性定语从句，且位于先行词所指的“A lot of language learning is happening in the first year of life”整个句子之间，故用as。 选A4－2(2012·福建高考)The air quality in the city, ________ is
shown in the report, has improved over the past two months.
A．that B．it
C．as D．what
解析： 　考查定语从句。句意：就像报告中所表明的那样，这城市的空气质量在过去的两个月里已有改善。as 引导非限制性定语从句，且代表整个主句的内容。that不能引导非限制性定语从句。it和what不是关系代词，不能引导定语从句。选C[点津]　
当主句和从句存在逻辑上的因果关系时，关系词常用which。
Tom was always late for school, which made his teacher very angry.
汤姆上学总是迟到，这让他的老师很生气。
二、定语从句的省略
如果含有定语从句的复合句很复杂，为了表意清晰，我们有时把定语从句进行简化。定语从句的简化有以下几种方式：1．省略作宾语的关系代词。
This is the old man (who/whom) we referred to.
这就是我们谈到的那个老人。
Here is the book (that/which) I borrowed from you.
这是我从你那儿借的书。2．用分词短语代替定语从句。
The woman (who is) standing there is his sister.
站在那里的那位女士是他姐姐。
I have listened to the lecture (which was) given by that famous professor.
我听过那位有名的教授的讲座。
[点津]　
如果定语从句的谓语动词是现在完成时或一般过去时态时，一般不能用分词短语来代替。3．定语从句简化为“介词＋which＋不定式”结构。
Della has only 1.87 dollars with which she can buy a present for her husband.
＝Della has only 1.87 dollars with which to buy a present for her husband.
戴拉只有1.87美元可以用来给丈夫买份礼物。
4．定语从句可以简化为形容词短语或介词短语。
The heavy box which is full of old books is mine.
＝ The heavy box full of old books is mine.
里面装了很多旧书的那个沉重的箱子是我的。Ⅰ.用适当的关系词填空
1．Anyway, that evening, I'll tell you more about
later. I ended up staying at Rachel's place.
2．Helen was much kinder to her youngest son than to the
others, , of course, made the others envy him.
3．John, for money is no problem, still leads a
simple life.
4．He didn't put the things where they belonged, for
he got his punishment.whichwhichwhomwhich5．All the neighbors admire this family, the
children and parents build up a friendly relationship.
6．“You'll have to wait for two hours, that is, about 11：
30, the medical report will come out.” the doctor said to me.
7．QQ, you can chat with your friends, makes
communication easy.wherewhenwhere8． is known to all, the earth travels round the sun once
every year.
9．Our teacher urges us to form a good habit of learning,
we think will benefit us in the long term.
10．In the UK, what impressed exchange students most was
the Student Activity, they could get lots of information outside.AswhichwhereⅡ.单项填空
1．He made another wonderful discovery, ________ of
great importance to science.
A．which I think is　　　　B．which I think it is
C．which I think it D．I think which is
解析： 　考查非限制性定语从句。此处需要填一个引导非限制性定语从句且在从句中作主语的关系词(I think是插入语)，故只有选which，指代上句内容。选A2．There are 51 students in Class Three, ________ failed
in the test.
A．all of which B．all of them
C．none of whom D．none of them
解析： 　考查定语从句。后半句是非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词students, 应用whom 引导。因为前后两句之间没有并列连词，所以B、D两项不正确。选C3．The Dragon Tower, from ________ top visitors can
enjoy a good ________ of Harbin, attracts hundreds of tourists every day.
A．which; sight B．whose; view
C．its; view D．where; sight
解析： 　考查定语从句。该句的先行词是The Dragon Towr，从句中缺少表示所属关系的词，应该用关系代词whose。第二空为常用短语a good view of，表示“清楚地看到……景色”，据此选B项。选B4．—Who should be responsible for the accident?
—The boss, not the workers. They just carried out the
order ________.
A．as told B．as are told
C．as telling D．as they told
解析： 　考查定语从句的省略。句中as told 等于 as they were told，故选A。选A5．Mexico City, ________ has a population of over 10
million, is probably the fastest growing city in the world.
A．what B．as
C．which D．that
解析： 　which 引导非限制性定语从句，指代先行词Mexico City, that 不引导非限制性定语从句。选C6．They will fly to Washington, ________ they plan to stay
for two or three days.
A．where B．there
C．which D．when
解析： 　句意：他们将乘机飞往华盛顿，在那儿他们计划逗留两三天。由于定语从句先行词是表示地点的专有名词Washington，并且从句中stay后不接宾语，故须用关系副词。where在从句中作地点状语，相当于in which。which常在从句中作主语或宾语；when只能引导表示时间的定语从句；地点副词there不能引导从句。 选A7．Recently I bought an ancient Chinese vase, ________
was very reasonable.
A．which price B．the price of which
C．its price D．the price of whose
解析： 　此处of表示所有关系，which指代先行词vase，the price of which ＝ the price of the vase。另外the price of which也可换成of which the price。选B8．For many cities in the world, there is no room to spread
out further, ________ New York is an example.
A．for which B．in which
C．of which D．from which
解析： 　考查非限制性定语从句。句意：在世界上，对于许多城市来说，再也没有空间可以进一步延伸出去了，纽约就是这种情况。定语从句所修饰的先行词为many cities，定语从句可还原为New York is an example of the cities, 在从句中用which来代替the cities，故选C。选C9．One thousand people were trapped in the damaged
building, ________ were saved.
A．most of them B．most of that
C．the most D．most of whom
解析： 　本题考查非限制性定语从句与并列句的区别。选项D为非限制性定语从句；若选A，应将空格前的逗号改为分号或者在空格前加上一个并列连词but。选D10．President Obama held talks with Chinese President Hu
Jintao in Beijing, ________ economic recovery, climate change and stopping the spread of nuclear weapons.
A．which was discussed B．in which they discussed
C．when they discussed D．which discussed
解析： 　考查非限制性定语从句。空格及以后部分是定语从句，关系代词which作介词in的宾语。in which ＝ in the talks。选B电子邮件 假定你是李华，在一所中学读书。最近收到美国朋友Smith先生的来信。他3年前参观过你校，听说现在变化很大，希望了解有关情况。请你根据汉语提示给他回一封电子邮件，介绍你校的变化。 3年前：一座教学楼，一个操场。
现状：
1．校园扩建：新建起了一座教学楼和一座图书馆，内有音乐室、美术室、微机房等，体育设备齐全；
2．学生人数：从1 000增加到2 000；
3．绿化了校园。
注意：1.要求100词左右；
2．文章开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。Mr. Smith，
I was pleased to hear from you and I am writing to tell you something about my school.____________________________________________
Yours，
Lu Hua.Mr. Smith，
①I was pleased to hear from you and I am writing to tell you something about my school.
②You are right. ③Great changes have taken place in my school in the past three years. ④It is no longer what it used to be three years ago, when there was only a teaching building and a playground. ⑤I'm happy to tell you two new buildings have been built and are in use. ⑥One of them is a new classroom building, in which there are rooms for music, art and computer teaching. ⑦The other is thelibrary, where there are all kinds of books, newspapers and magazines. ⑧Besides, my school is well equipped with sports facilities. ⑨The number of the students has also grown from 1,000 to 2,000. ⑩What's more, we have planted a lot of trees in and around the school.
?I believe my school will become better and better, and I hope you will visit my school again.
Yours，
Li Hua第一段：引出话题。
第二段：今昔对比，详述变化。
第三段：展望未来，表达祝愿。④句中what引导的表语从句、when引导的定语从句以及短语no longer和used to的运用说明了学校过去的状况。
⑤句中be in use 短语的运用向我们介绍了新楼投入使用的情况。
⑥句中in which引导定语从句指出学校新貌。
⑦句中where引导的非限制性定语从句呈现了图书馆的情况。
⑩句中what's more连接词有力地表明学校各方面的发展。
?句中become better and better表达了作者的美好祝愿。 本模块的写作任务是写一封电子邮件。电子邮件是通过网络发送的信件，句式较灵活、不正式。其正文内容和格式要求与纸张信件基本一样，主要有称呼语、正文、结束语和签名四部分组成。
1．称呼语(Salutation)：首先顶格写。通常用：Dear 表示，其后一般用逗号。 2．正文(Body of the email)：这是邮件的主要部分。这一部分重点按提示内容进行写作。说明写信的理由，给出自己的一些信息。要做到内容清晰、条理，语言简洁，上下文融会贯通，过渡自然。尽量长短句结合，避免全文使用过于单一的句式。
3．结束语(Complimentary)：通常很简洁地写上Thanks/Best/Cheers等即可，不必用正式书信中的结束语。
4．签名(Signature)：结束语另起一行书写。[黄金表达]
①Thank you for your email of ...
②It is a pleasure for me to invite you on behalf of ...
③I'm writing to you with reference to ...
④I would be grateful if you could/would ...
⑤I would like to know some information on …⑥I will appreciate it if you can ...
⑦I'm very glad to tell you ...
⑧Looking forward to hearing from you.
⑨Wish you good health and remember me to ...
⑩Please give my best wishes to ... 假设你是新华中学的学生李华，你和在上海上学的英国朋友Tom约好下周末去北京旅游，但你因故不能赴约。请根据以下要点用英语给他写一封电子邮件。
1．表示歉意；2.解释原因；3.另约时间。
注意：1.词数120左右；2.可适当增加细节。 __________________________________________________
__________________________________________________
__________________________________________________[参考范文]
Dear Tom，
I regret to tell you that I can‘t travel to Beijing together with you at the appointed time. I’ve caught a terrible cold after I swam in the East Lake yesterday. This morning I had a headache. After taking my temperature, my mother found that I had a high fever. I was taken to see a doctor, who advised me to stay in bed for three days. He also suggested that we put off the travelling to Beijing when I told him our plan. If only I hadn't swam in the lake! If only I weren't ill! So I would be enjoying the trip in the company of you, my best friend and introduce Chinese culture to you. Maybe we can make it sometime next month. Is that OK?
Best wishes to you!
Yours truly，
Li Hua课件29张PPT。Unit 3Section ⅠStep 1Step 2Step 3Step 4Step 51．Mark Twain is considered as the greatest author and
humorist of 19th Century American Literature.
2．List Mark Twain's famous works. Do you know about
his early life? Samuel Clemens, more commonly known as Mark Twain, was born on November 30, 1835 in Florida, Missouri. Twain is considered the greatest author and humorist of 19th Century American Literature (文学). His novels and stories about the Mississippi River: The Adventures of Tom Sawyer (1876) and The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn (1894) are still popular with modern readers. In 1839 the Clemens family moved to Hannibal, Missouri, on the Mississippi River where young Sam experienced the excitement and colorful sights of the waterfront (码头)．Like many authors of his day he had little formal education. His education came from the print shops and newspaper offices where he worked as a youth.In 1853 Clemens left Hannibal to travel.On a trip to New Orleans he persuaded a riverboat pilot to teach him his skill. By the spring of 1859 Clemens was a licensed riverboat pilot. After an unsuccessful attempt at gold and silver mining he joined the staff of a newspaper in Virginia City, Nevada. He first wrote under the pen name Mark Twain in 1863. Twain wrote his first popular story The Celebrated Jumping Frog of Calaveras County in 1865. He continued to travel as a reporter for various newspapers, and in 1869 his travel letters from Europe were collected into the popular book The Innocents Abroad.Encouraged by his success Twain married Olivia Langdon and settled down in Hartford, Connecticut to his most productive years as a writer. Between 1873 and 1889 he wrote seven novels including his Mississippi River books as well as The Prince and the Pauper (1882) and A Connecticut Yankee in King Arthur's Court (1889)． As Twain's life and career progressed he became pessimistic (悲观的), losing much of the humorous tone of his earlier years. More and more of his work expressed the view that human beings are selfish. Even so Twain is best remembered as a great humorist.1．What would you like to do if you have a million
pound bank note?________________________________________________
答案：I will buy my favorite things./I will help the poor.2．Read the brief introduction to the characters of the
play and fill in the blanks.(1)Henry, a businessman. poor American(2) , Oliver and Roderick made a bet on what would happen to a person if he was given a million pound bank note.Two rich brothersScan the passage and then choose the best answers according to the passage.
1．Why did the two brothers give Henry Adams an envelope?
A．They wanted to play a trick on Henry.
B．They had a pity on Henry.
C．They made a bet.
D．Henry was not an Englishman.
2．How did Henry Adams feel when he got an envelope from
the brothers?
A．Sad.　　　　　　　B．Happy.
C．Astonished. D．He took it for granted.3．Henry came to Britain for the first time in his life ________.
A．to find a better life
B．to make an adventure
C．all by accident
D．to find the two brothers
4．Why did Henry's eyes stare at the leftovers on the brothers'
table?
A．Because he had never seen such a nice dinner.
B．Because he wanted to help them clean the table.
C．Because he was very hungry.
D．Because he was angry.5.Why was Oliver so happy when hearing Henry say he had
no money?
A．Because they could do something good for him.
B．Because they were interested to find so poor a man.
C．Because they could show off their bank note to him.
D．Because they finally found the right person for their bet.
答案：1～5　CCCCD1．Read the passage and then answer the following questions.
(1)Where does Henry Adams come from? Does he know much
about London?
__________________________________________________
__________________________________________________
答案：Henry comes from San Francisco.
No, he doesn't know London at all.(2)Why did he land in Britain?
________________________________________________
________________________________________________
答案：He was sailing out the bay when he was carried out to sea by a strong wind and was saved by a ship for London.2．Read the passage and put the following statements in the
correct order according to the development of the story.
(1)____　　A．Henry promises not to open the letter until one and a half hours later.
(2)____ B．Henry introduces himself to the two rich brothers.
(3)____ C．The two rich brothers give a letter with a bank note in it to Henry.
(4)____ D．The two rich brothers invite Henry to
their big and beautiful house.(5)____ E．Henry wanders on the streets of London， hungry and alone.
(6)____ F．Henry decides to accept the money.
(7)____ G．Henry is unwilling to accept the money, for he
just wants to have an honest job.
答案：(1)～(7)　EDBCGFA3．Read the passage and try to write down the main idea of
the passage.
The text is a story about a(n)________businessman who is lost in London but is________enough to be invited to a big house by two rich brothers and________an envelope with a million pound bank note in it by them who have made a bet.
答案：American; fortunate/lucky; givenRead the passage carefully and fill in the blanks.
Henry Adams, an American 1. , was carried out to sea by 2. in his own boat. He spent a helpless night on the sea until 3. . Luckily, he was spotted and saved by a ship.Then he
4. by working for free on the board.After he landed in Britain, he went to 5. for help, but without luck.businessmana strong windthe next morningearned his passagethe American embassy One day, he 6. on the street when he was called into a large house owned by two old Englishmen, who asked him a few questions. Henry answered that he was looking for 7. in London and asked whether they could offer any. They didn't answer directly but gave Henry 8. which they said contained a sum of money. They also asked Henry to promise 9. until 2 o'clock.Henry thought it was
10. but accepted it.was wanderinga joba letternot to open itsillyThink about what kind of person Henry was?
____________________________________________________
(1)He was honest.(It is my first trip here.
Well, to be honest, I have none.
Well, I can't say that I have any plans.)
(2)He was hard-working.(I earned my passage by working as an unpaid hand.
Could you offer me some kind of work here?
I don't want your charity, I just want an honest job.)课件64张PPT。课时跟踪检测Unit 3Section Ⅱ语言点一语言点二语言点三识记掌握理解拓展应用落实识记掌握理解拓展应用落实识记掌握理解拓展应用落实(一)根据英文释义和首字母提示写出单词
1． a part of a film, movie play in which the action
happens in one place or is of one particular type
2． to look for somebody or something
3． different from something; against something
4． to walk slowly around or to a place, often without
any particular sense of purpose or directionsceneseekcontrarywander5． to give a satisfactory explanation of why
something has happened or why you did something
6． to notice something, especially something that is difficult to see, or that you are looking for
7． the responsibility for something wrong that has happened or been done
8． to look at something or someone for a long time without moving your eyesaccountspotfaultstare(二)用所给词的适当形式填空
9．I'll save every and say no to any unnecessary
spending, otherwise I will be .(penny)
10．The reporters have obtained to attend the
meeting but they are not to photograph.(permit)
11．We should have the to be with the
suffering a lot.(patience)pennypennilesspermitspermittedpatiencepatientpatients1．scene n．(戏剧)一场；现场；场面；景色(一)背诵佳句培养语感
(鲜活例句)They rushed to the scene of the traffic accident.
他们火速赶到车祸的现场。
(鲜活例句)Would you like to enjoy the scenes in the mountains with me?
你愿意与我一起欣赏山区的风光吗？(二)归纳拓展全析考点on the scene　　　　　　　 在现场；当场
behind the scenes 在幕后；暗中①Reporters were soon on the scene after the accident.
那场事故发生后不久记者就赶到了现场。
②His father is an important man .
他父亲是一个幕后的重要人物。behind the scenes(三)明辨易混失误防范
比较　view, scene, scenery, sight用view, scene, scenery和sight填空
③You'll get a fine of the town from the mountaintop.
④We visited the historical of China last summer.
⑤The of this country is unparalleled (无双的) holiday.
⑥The boats in the harbor make a beautiful .viewsightssceneryscene[活学活用]
Though 30 years have passed, I still remember
. (scene)
尽管三十年过去了，我仍然记得我遇见她的情景。the scene where I met her2．permit vt.& vi.许可；允许；准许　n．[C]通行证；许可
证；执照
(一)背诵佳句培养语感
(教材原句)Permit me to lead the way, sir.
先生，请让我来带路吧。
(鲜活例句)You cannot enter a military base without a permit.
无通行证者不得擅入军事基地。(二)归纳拓展全析考点(1)permit sb. to do sth.　　 允许某人做某事
permit doing sth. 允许做某事
(2)without permission 未经许可
ask for permission 请求允许①They are not permitted to take photos in the park.
不允许他们在公园里拍照。
②We don't in the meeting room.
我们不允许在会议室抽烟。permit smoking[点津]　用法和permit相同(即其后既可以接动名词，又可以接不定式的复合结构)的其他动词还有：encourage, allow, advise, recommend, forbid等。[活学活用]
The party will be held in the garden, . (permit)
天气许可的话，舞会将在花园里举行。weather permitting3．fault n．过错；缺点；毛病；故障
(一)背诵佳句培养语感
(教材原句)It was all my fault.
这都是我的错。
(鲜活例句)Her greatest fault is that she talks too much.
她最大的缺点是话太多。find fault with　　挑剔
find fault in 看出……的缺点；找出……的毛病(二)归纳拓展全析考点①He is always finding fault with me, which makes me very angry.
他总是对我百般挑剔，这使我非常生气。
②I can't your paper. It is perfect.
从你的文章里我找不到错误，它完美无瑕。find fault in(三)明辨易混失误防范
比较　fault, mistake用fault和mistake填空
③Now a majority of Americans believe that doing such a thing is a big .
④It was his that we were late.mistakefault[活学活用]
He was always smiling, but now it seems that he
others. (find)
他过去总是微笑，但现在他好像总是对别人吹毛求疵。is always finding fault with4．spot vt.发现；认出　n．斑点；污点；地点
(一)背诵佳句培养语感
(教材原句)The next morning I'd just about given myself up for lost when I was spotted by a ship.
第二天早上，我正感到绝望的时候，一艘海船发现了我。
(鲜活例句)I don't know the exact spot where it happened.
我不知道事情发生的确切地点。(二)归纳拓展全析考点(1)spot that ...　　　　　　 发现……
be spotted with ... 满是……斑点
spot sth./sb. doing sth. 看到……正在做某事
(2)on the spot 立即；马上；当场①The windscreen was spotted with the rain.
挡风玻璃被雨弄脏了。
②Neighbours spotted smoke coming out of the house.
邻居们发现有烟从这所房子里冒出来。
③Prime Minister Wen was shortly after the big earthquake struck Yushu.
玉树大地震后不久温总理就赶到了现场。on the spot[活学活用]
this kinds of birds is easy for you to understand when you realize how small they really are. (spot)
当你意识到它们的身体是多么小时，你就容易理解发现这种小鸟的困难。The difficulty in spotting5．account vi.& vt.认为；说明；总计有　n．说明；理由；计
算；账目；报道
(一)背诵佳句培养语感
(教材原句)The fact is that I earned my passage by working as an unpaid hand, which accounts for my appearance.
事实上，我是靠做义工来顶替船费，这正是我衣冠不整的原因。
(鲜活例句)Tom's careless driving accounted for the accident.
汤姆的粗心驾驶引起了这场事故。
(鲜活例句)He gave the police a full account of the accident.
他对警方详细说明了这起事故。(二)归纳拓展全析考点(1)account for　　　　　　　　说明(原因等)；做出解释；
占……(比例)
(2)open/close a bank account 开立或关闭银行账户
on account of ＝ because of 由于；因为
on no account 不论什么理由都不
take ...into account
＝ take ... into consideration
考虑……；把……考虑在内①He'll have to account for where every cent goes.
他得说明所花掉的每一分钱的用途。
② will I lose heart.
我决不会灰心丧气。
③Before making a decision, we should take into account the needs of customers.
在我们做出决定之前，我们应该考虑一下顾客的需要。
[点津]　on no account置于句首，句子要倒装。On no account[活学活用]
It was the wind the fire's rapid advance. (account)
火势的快速蔓延是由于风。that accounted for6．seek vt.& vi.(sought, sought)寻找；探索；寻求
(一)背诵佳句培养语感
(教材原句)I went to the American embassy to seek help, but ...
我向美国大使馆求助，但是……
(鲜活例句)Young Tom went to America to seek his fortune.
年轻的汤姆去美国闯天下。(二)归纳拓展全析考点seek for/after　　　　　 寻找；追求
seek sb./sth. out 找出某人/某物
seek sth.(from sb.) (向某人)寻求某物
seek to do sth. 试图做某事①They are seeking for solutions to the problems.
他们正在寻找这些问题的解决方法。
②How can we a really good person for the job?
我们怎样才能找到一个真正适合的人来做这项工作？
③She managed to calm him down and seek help from a neighbour.
她设法使他平静下来，然后向一位邻居求助。
④We are always seeking working conditions.
我们一直设法改善工作条件。seek outto improve[活学活用]
The consultant from told me that the job was very time-consuming.(seek)
我向之征求意见的顾问告诉说我这项工作很耗时。whom I sought advice点此进入1．be based 　 以……为基础
2．bring 抚养；培养；教育；提出；呕吐
3．a large sum 大量的；一大笔
4．go 朝前走；前进；可以；往下说
5． a matter of fact 事实上
6． accident/chance 偶然；意外地；无意中；不小心
7．stare 盯着看；凝视
8．give 放弃
9．account 做出解释；说明；导致
10． the contrary 与此相反；正相反onupofaheadasbyatupforon1．bring up抚养；培养；教育；提出；呕吐
(一)背诵佳句培养语感
(教材原句)He was brought up in Hannibal, Missouri, along the Mississippi River.
他生长在密西西比河沿岸密苏里州的汉尼拔。
(鲜活例句)His new suggestion was brought up at the meeting.
他的新建议在会上被提出来了。
(鲜活例句)The woman fell ill and brought up what she ate.
这位妇女生病了，把吃的东西吐了出来。(二)归纳拓展全析考点bring in　　　　 引进；获利；赚钱
bring about 引起；导致
bring down 使倒下；减少；降低(价格、温度等)①Computers have brought about many changes in the workplace.
电脑给工作场所带来很多变化。
②The government are trying housing price now.
政府现在正设法降低房价。to bring down[活学活用]
Born and in a small village, he didn't know much about the outside world. (bring)
出生在一个小村子里，长在一个小村子里，他对外面的世界知之不多。brought up2．go ahead前进；(用于祈使句)可以；往下说；走在前面
(一)背诵佳句培养语感
(教材原句)—I wonder, Mr Adams, if you'd mind us asking a few questions.
亚当斯先生，不知你是否介意我们问几个问题。
—Not at all.Go right ahead.
不介意，请问吧。
(鲜活例句)The building of the new bridge will go ahead as planned.
新桥的修建将按计划进行。
(鲜活例句)I'll go ahead and tell them you're on the way.
我要先走一步，告诉他们你在路上。go by　　　　　 经过；时间流逝
go against 违背
go through 浏览；翻阅；遭受；用完；仔细检查
go over 复习；检查(二)归纳拓展全析考点①She went against her mother's wishes.
她违背了她母亲的意愿。
②We are busy our lessons before the exam.
考试之前我们忙于复习功课。going over[活学活用]
A cycling event in the city next week in spite of the bad weather.(go)
尽管天气不好，城市自行车比赛下周将继续进行。will go ahead3．by accident偶然；意外地；无意中；不小心
(一)背诵佳句培养语感
(教材原句)As a matter of fact, I landed in Britain by accident.
事实上，我在英国上岸纯属偶然。
(鲜活例句)I stepped on your foot simply by accident.
我不小心踩了你的脚。by chance　　　　　 偶然；意外地
on purpose 故意地
by design 故意地(二)归纳拓展全析考点①I came here on purpose to see you.
我特地来这里看你。
②Did you do it by chance or
你是偶然还是故意做的？ ?
[点津]　表示“偶然遇到”的动词短语：
come across, run into, meet ... by chance, meet with, run across等。on purpose/by design[活学活用]
that I found the old man dead in the corner of the street. (accident)
我是偶然发现这位老人死在大街角落里的。It was by accident点此进入1．[句型展示]　Well, towards nightfall I found_myself
_carried_out to sea by a strong wind.
嗯，傍晚时分，我发现自己被一阵大风刮进了海里。
[典例背诵]
On the way home, she found her necklace lost.
在回家的路上，她发现自己的项链丢了。2．[句型展示]　The next morning I'd_just_about_given
myself up for lost when I was spotted by a ship.
第二天早上，我正感到绝望的时候，一艘船发现了我。
[典例背诵]
He was about to go out when it began to rain.
他正要外出就在这时开始下雨了。3．[句型展示]　And it_was the ship that brought you to
England.
正是那艘船把你送到了英国。
[典例背诵]
It is the ability to do the job that matters, not where you come from or what you are.
关键是你的工作能力而不是你从哪来或你是谁。①When he awoke, he found himself in a room he didn't recognize.
等他醒来，他发现自己来到一个完全陌生的房间。
②A group of children on the playground.
有人发现一群孩子正在操场上玩耍。
③I found my wallet stolen on the bus.
我发现我的钱包在公交车上被偷了。
④Some students to understand English grammar.
一些学生发现理解英语语法不容易。were found playingfind it not easy2．The next morning I'd_just_about_given myself up for
lost when I was spotted by a ship.
第二天早上，我正感到绝望的时候，一艘船发现了我。
本句中“had just done ...when ...”为常用句式，其意思为“刚做完……，正在这/那时……”，其中when是并列连词，意为“正在这时/那时”，相当于just at that time。
①He had just rushed into the classroom when the teacher came in.
他刚跑进教室，这时老师进来了。并列连词when常用于以下句型：
sb.was/were doing ...when ...
　　　　　 某人正在做……这时……
sb.had just done ...when ...
某人刚做完……这时……
sb.was/were about to do ...when ...
某人刚要做……这时……
sb.was/were on the point of doing ...when ...
某人刚要做……这时……②I along the street someone called me from behind.
我正沿着街道走时，忽然后面有人喊我。
③I was about to go out when Tom came in.
我正要出去，这时汤姆进来了。was walkingwhen3．And it_was the ship that brought you to England.
正是那艘船把你送到了英国。
本句属于强调结构，强调主语the ship。
(1)强调结构是英语中最常使用的句型之一，其构成形式是：
It is/was＋被强调部分＋that/who＋其他部分。①I came across Jim in the park yesterday.
昨天我在公园偶遇吉姆。
→It was I that/who came across Jim in the park yesterday.(强调主语)
→It was Jim that/who I came across in the park yesterday.(强调宾语)
→It was in the park that I came across Jim yesterday.(强调地点状语)
→It was yesterday that I came across Jim in the park.(强调时间状语)[点津]
(1)强调主语时，that/who后的谓语与被强调的主语在人称和数上保持一致；
(2)强调时间和地点状语时，不能用when或where替换that。
②It is Jim rather than his parents who/that is going to South Africa.
是吉姆而不是他父母将要去南非。(2)一般疑问式：Is/Was it＋被强调部分＋that/who＋句子其他
部分。
③Was it in the house that he made it?
这就是他做那件事的房子吗？
(3)特殊疑问式：特殊疑问词＋is/ was it that＋句子其他部分。
④ that they will leave for Beijing?
他们什么时候要动身去北京？
(4)not ...until ...的强调句式：It is /was not until ...that＋句子其
他部分。
⑤ she spoke I realized she was Mary.
直到她开口说话我才认出她是玛丽。When is itIt was not untilthat点此进入点此进入课件40张PPT。语篇理解课时跟踪检测Unit 3Section Ⅲ语言点一语言点二语言点三识记掌握理解拓展应用落实识记掌握理解拓展应用落实识记掌握理解拓展应用落实Scan the passage and then choose the best answers according to the passage.
1．The passage is mainly about________.
A．Henry lost the bank note
B．Henry's bank note was stolen in a hotel
C．Henry's experience after he got the bank note
D．Henry spent his money that he owned
2．What food did not Henry order?
A．Steak.　　　　　　　 B．Pineapple.
C．Ham and eggs. D．Bread.3．What did Henry find in the envelope?
A．Nothing. B．A photo.
C．A picture. D．A million pound bank note.
4．How did Henry feel when he found the million pound
bank note in the envelope?
A．Surprised. B．Crazy.
C．Glad. D．Sad.5．What can we learn from the waiter's look and manner at
first?
A．He wanted to beat Henry.
B．He thought Henry was a beggar.
C．He was rude to Henry.
D．He thought Henry couldn't pay for the meal.
答案：1～5　CDDAD(一)根据所给词性和汉语意思写出单词
1． n．数量
2． n．礼貌；举止；方式
3． vi.尖声叫　n．尖叫声；喊叫声
4． adv.真正地；确实；实在
5． vi.& n．鞠躬；弯腰
6． n．餐后甜点→ n．沙漠amountmannerscreamindeedbow dessertdesert(二)用所给词的适当形式填空
7．It's of you to shout at the old man.(rude)
8．Everyone knows he is because he
apologized to us.(genuine)
9．He was in .That is to say, he was .(rag)
10．It is generally that they work with an
speed.(believe)ruderudelygenuinegenuinelyraggedragsbelievedunbelievable1．amount n．数量　vi.合计；共计；接近
(一)背诵佳句培养语感
(教材原句)I'm afraid it'll cost a large amount of money.
恐怕这得花费一大笔钱。
(鲜活例句)It will take us a large amount of money and time to finish the work.
完成这项工作要花大量的时间和金钱。(1)the amount of＋不可数名词　　……的数量
a large/great amount of＋不可数名词
大量的…… (作主语时谓语动词用单数形式)
large amounts of＋不可数名词
大量的……(作主语时谓语动词用复数形式)
in large/small amounts 大(少)量地
(2)amount to 总计为……(二)归纳拓展全析考点①A large amount of money is spent on the construction of school.
＝ Large amounts of money spent on the construction of school.
大量的钱被花在学校建设上。
②The materials can be produced in large amounts.
这种材料可以大量地生产。
③The cost 10,000 dollars.
成本总计为1万美元。areamounts to[点津]　表示“大量的”短语还有a large number of, a great deal of, plenty of, a large quantity of 等。其中a great deal of 只能修饰不可数名词； a large number of修饰可数名词复数；a lot of, plenty of既可以修饰可数名词，也可以修饰不可数名词。[活学活用]
A large amount of money on the bridge so far. (spend)
至今为止，在这座桥上花费了大量资金。has been spent2．manner n．礼貌(常用复数)；举止(常用单数)；方式
(一)背诵佳句培养语感
(鲜活例句)Please do mind your own manners in public.
请务必在公开场合注意礼貌。in a ...manner 　　　　 以……的方式
table manners 餐桌礼仪
It is bad/good manners to do sth.
做……是没有/有礼貌的(二)归纳拓展全析考点①Why are you talking in such a rude manner?
你为什么用如此粗暴的方式谈话？
②Mind your table manners at the dinner party.
在宴会上要注意餐桌礼仪。
③ break in while others are speaking.
当别人说话的时候插嘴是不礼貌的。It's bad manners to[活学活用]
to stare at people. (manner)
瞪着眼睛看人是不礼貌的。It is bad manners点此进入1． rags　　　　　 衣衫褴褛
2． for 关于；至于
3．take chance 冒险
4．pay attention 注意
5．from the of one’s heart 发自内心
6．take one’s 点菜inasatobottomorder1．take a chance碰运气；冒险(相当于take chances 或take a
risk)
(一)背诵佳句培养语感
(教材原句)Well, we'll have to take a chance.
嗯，我们不得不冒险了。
(鲜活例句)He is just taking a chance to walk
on such a thin rope.
他在这么细的绳子上走，完全是在冒险。(二)归纳拓展全析考点give sb.a chance　　　　　　　　　 给某人一次机会
have a chance of (doing) /to do sth. 有机会做某事
(The) Chance is (that) .../(The) Chances are (that) ...
可能……①Please give me a chance to explain why I was late.
请给我一次机会解释为什么迟到。
②Only in this way can you achieving your goal.
只有通过这种方式，你才有机会实现你的目标。
③The chances are that I'll be looking for a new job soon.
我可能很快就去找一份新的工作。have a chance of[活学活用]
means you will never achieve your dreams.(chance)
不冒险意味着你永远实现不了你的梦想。Not taking a chance / Not taking chances 2．as for关于；至于(用以引起话题)
(一)背诵佳句培养语感
(教材原句)As for the bill, sir, please forget it.
至于说账单嘛，先生，就请把它忘了吧。
(鲜活例句)The hotel is comfortable enough, but as for the food, I'm not quite sure.
这家旅馆挺舒服的，但关于饮食我就不确定了。(二)明辨易混失误防范
比较as for, as to用as for和as to填空
①I enjoy swimming. But my sister, she enjoys playing tennis.
②Sophia made no remark Gerald's lie to her.as foras to点此进入1．[句型展示]　Well, it_is_well-known_that Americans
like to eat a lot.
嗯，美国人喜欢吃很多，这是大家都知道的。
[典例背诵]
It's well-known that China is a country belonging to the third world.
众所周知，中国是属于第三世界的国家。2．[句型展示]　You must come whenever you want and have
whatever you like.
您什么时候想来就来，想吃什么就吃什么。
[典例背诵]
Whatever decision he made, I would support it.
无论他做出什么决定，我都支持。1．Well, it_is_well-known_that Americans like to eat a lot.
嗯，美国人喜欢吃很多，这是大家都知道的。
“It is well-known that ...(众所周知……)”是常用句型。it是形式主语，that引导的从句是真正的主语。可转换为：(1)As is well-known ...(as引导非限制性定语从句)
(2)What is well-known is that ...(what引导主语从句，that引导表语从句)It is well-known that his songs are attractive.
＝ , his songs are attractive.
＝ his songs are attractive.
众所周知，他的歌声很有吸引力。As is well-knownWhat is well-known is that2．You must come whenever you want and have whatever
you like.
您什么时候想来就来，想吃什么就吃什么。
whenever ＝ no matter when，在此引导让步状语从句，意思是“不论什么时候；在任何……的时候”。
①You may go to the library whenever you are free.
你什么时候有空，就什么时候去图书馆。
②I will give you whatever you want.
你要什么我就给你什么。(1)whenever, wherever, however引导让步状语从句，相当
于no matter when/where/how.
③ he is, his mother will wait for him to have dinner together.
不管他回来多晚，母亲总会等他回来一起吃饭。However late/No matter how late(2)whatever, whoever, whichever, whomever既可引导名词性
从句，也可引导让步状语从句，在引导让步状语从句时相当于no matter what/who/which/whom。
④ in it can apply for membership.
无论谁对它感兴趣都可以申请成为会员。
⑤Whatever your problems are, you mustn't lose heart.
不管你面临的是什么问题，都不要失去信心。Whoever has interest点此进入点此进入课件35张PPT。佳作观摩专题练习Section ⅣUnit 3语法讲座写作讲座知识必备技法指导专题练习 在复合句中起名词作用的句子叫名词性从句(Noun Clauses)。名词性从句的功能相当于名词词组，它在复合句中能担当主语、宾语、表语、同位语，因此根据它在句中不同的语法功能，名词性从句又可分为主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。 一、宾语从句
在句子中作动词或介词宾语的从句叫宾语从句。
1．由连接词that引导的宾语从句
(1)连接词that引导宾语从句时，在句中不充当任何句子成
分，在口语或非正式的文体中常被省去。
She has told me (that) she will go to Hong Kong tomorrow.
她已经告诉我明天她要去香港。[点津]　引导词that不能省略的情况
①当主句的谓语动词与宾语从句之间有插入语时，引导词that不能省略；
②当一个动词带有两个或两个以上宾语从句时，此时第一个that可以省略，第二个或第二个以后的that不可以省略。
I believe (that) you have done your best and that things will improve.
我相信你已经尽力了，一切都会好起来的。[考题印证1]
(2012·北京高考)Jerry did not regret giving the comment but felt ________ he could have expressed it differently.
A．why　　　　　　　　　 B．how
C．that D．whether
解析：选 。 考查宾语从句。句意：Jerry不后悔给出评论，但是觉得自己本来可以用不同的方式来表达。that he could have expressed it differently是由that引导的宾语从句，作felt的宾语。that在从句中不作成分。C(2)动词＋it＋形容词或惯用搭配＋that从句
We think it important that every citizen should have good manners.
我们认为每个市民有礼貌是很重要的。(其中it为形式宾语，而真正的宾语就是that引导的从句)
I made it clear that I was determined to carry out the plan.(that不能省略)
我已表明决心执行这个计划。
We all find it important that we should make a quick decision about this matter.
我们都认为对这件事立刻做出决定很重要。(3)有些动词如like, dislike, hate, appreciate等，其后的宾语
从句通常也用it作形式宾语。
I hate it when someone speaks to me with his mouth full.
我不喜欢有人满嘴含着饭跟我说话。
I would appreciate it if you can do me a favor.
要是你能帮我个忙，我会很感激的。2．wh-疑问词引导的宾语从句
who, whom, which, whose, what, when, where, why, how, whoever, whatever, whichever等疑问词引导的宾语从句相当于特殊疑问句，连接词都在从句中担当一定的成分。
She always thinks of how she can work well.
她总是在想怎样能把工作做好。
The kind man will give whoever needs help a warm support.
凡需要帮助的人，那个好心人都会给予热情的支持。
Could you tell me which job I should take, please?
请你告诉我我应该选择哪种工作，好吗？[考题印证2]
2－1(2012·陕西高考)As many as five courses are provided, and you are free to choose ________ suits you best.
A．whatever B．whichever
C．whenever D．wherever
解析：选 。考查宾语从句。句意：提供给你五门功课，你可以自由选择最适合于你的课程。宾语从句中缺少主语，故排除C、D两项。因为前面已提出有五门课程，是有固定范围的，故用whichever。whatever是没有范围的，不符合题意。B2－2(2012·四川高考)Scientists study ________ human brains work to make computers.
A．when B．how
C．that D．whether
解析：选 。考查名词性从句。句意：科学家研究人类大脑是如何工作以制造出电脑的。根据句意，选B项。B3．whether/if引导的宾语从句
从属连词whether/if作“是否”讲时，常用在ask，care，find out, know, wonder等动词后引出带有疑问意义的宾语从句，whether或if不担当句子成分。
I don't know if/whether he will go to the cinema this evening.
我不知道今晚他是否会去看电影。
[点津]　用whether而不用if引导宾语从句的情况：
(1)直接与or not连用时；
(2)从句作介词的宾语时；
(3)从句作discuss的宾语时。[考题印证3]
(2011·山东高考)We've offered her the job, but I don't know ________ she'll accept it.
A．where B．what
C．whether D．which
解析：选 。句意：我们已经向她提供了这份工作，不过我不知道她是否会接受。whether“是否”，引导宾语从句。C4．介词后的宾语从句
介词后面也可以接宾语从句。一般地，介词后可以接wh-类的宾语从句；而in, besides, except, but等少数介词后还可以接that引导的宾语从句。
We're talking about whether we go to the movies at once.
我们在讨论我们是否立刻就去看电影。
He goes to work every day except when it's rainy.
他除了下雨的时候，天天都去上班。
Your composition is very good except that the handwriting is a little bad.
除了书写不太好外，你的作文很不错。5．宾语从句的注意事项
(1)语序：宾语从句一律要用陈述语序；
(2)时态：若主句是祈使句或主句用现在时、将来时，从
句可根据句意来选用合适的时态；若主句是过去时，从句一般用过去的某种时态，但若从句表达的是客观事实、真理、自然现象等，从句通常用一般现在时。
The teacher told us that Tom had left us for America.
老师告诉我们汤姆离开我们去美国了。
The teacher said that the sun rises in the east and sets in the west.
老师说太阳东升西落。二、表语从句
在复合句中作表语的从句叫作表语从句。表语从句位于主句中的系动词之后。
1．that引导的表语从句
连接词that在从句中只起到连接作用，不作任何成分。
The trouble is that I have lost his address.
问题是我把他的地址丢了。2．whether引导的表语从句
连接词whether起连接作用，意为“是否；究竟；到底”，在句中不作任何成分。
What he wants to know is whether we can finish our work by tomorrow morning.
他想要知道的是我们到明天早上能否完成工作。
3．从属连词as, as if/though引导的表语从句
It sounds as if someone is knocking at the door.
听起来好像有人在敲门。4．because, why引导的表语从句
That's because he didn't understand me.
那是因为他没有理解我。(That's because ...强调原因)
That's why he got angry with me.
那正是他对我生气的原因。(That's why ...强调结果)
[点津]　reason作主语时，后面的表语从句表示原因时要用that引导，不宜用because。
The reason why I was sad was that he didn't understand me.
我难过的原因是他没有理解我。5．wh-疑问词引导的表语从句
连接代词who, whom, whose, what, which, whoever, whatever, whichever和连接副词where, when, how, why引导的表语从句。
The problem is who we can get to replace her.
问题是我们能找到谁去替换她呢。
The question is how he did it.
问题是他是如何做此事的。
Their difficulty is where they can raise enough money.
他们的困难是他们到哪里能筹到足够的钱。6．主语是表示建议、命令、要求、计划(suggestion, advice,
order, request, proposal)等的名词，那么表语从句应该用虚拟语气，即should后接动词原形，should可以省略。
My suggestion is that we (should) leave the village right now.
我的建议是我们立刻离开这个村子。[考题印证4]
4－1(2011·陕西高考)I'd like to start my own business —
that's ________ I'd do if I had the money.
A．why B．when
C．which D．what
解析：选 。句意：我想开办自己的企业——那就是我有
了钱要做的事。what引导表语从句，并在从句中作宾语。D4－2(2011·山东高考)I'm afraid he's more of a talker than a
doer, which is ________ he never finishes anything.
A．that B．when
C．where D．why
解析：选 。考查表语从句。很显然，前文所说的(他是
一个空谈家而不是一个实干家)是下文(他一事无成)的原
因，由此可知应该选why。D点此进入英文戏剧写作 根据以下剧情介绍，写一则英文戏剧。
三个农民正在田间劳作，一个小男孩正在山顶上放羊。因为觉得厌倦了，他想出了一个好主意。他大声喊道“狼来了！狼来了！救命！”农民们匆忙赶到山上去救他，却被告知他在开玩笑。农民们都很生气，批评小男孩撒谎不对。小男孩不以为然，嘲笑农民们是傻瓜。
过了一会儿，狼真的来了。“狼来了！狼来了！救命！救命！”小男孩拼命大喊。但是，没有一个农民来帮忙。没有人再愿意相信小男孩的话。最后，小男孩的羊被狼吃了。(Three farmers are working in the field.A boy is herding sheep at the top of the hill.He feels bored, and then he has a good idea.)
Boy：(shouts loudly) A wolf is coming！A wolf is coming！Help!
(Three farmers arrive at the top of the hill hurriedly.)
Farmer A：Where's the wolf？Let us help you to kill it!
Farmers B and C：Where was it going?
Boy：There's no wolf here.I was just joking.Haha ...
Farmer A：There's no wolf？You were lying?
Farmers B and C：How could you tell lies？It is not good to do that.Boy：Hahaha ...What fools！Hahaha ...
(After a while, a wolf really comes.)
Boy：A wolf is coming！A wolf is coming！Help！Help!
Farmer A：Maybe the wolf is really coming.
Boy：Help！Help！Wolf ...
Farmer B：Don't believe him.That boy is fooling us!
Farmer C：Leave him alone!
(At last, the boy's sheep are killed by the wolf.)1．文章开头点明该剧发生的时间、地点、人物。
2．该剧分为：开端、发展、转折、高潮、结局。故
事结构完整。亮点一：在剧本一开始(He feels bored, and then he has a good idea)埋下伏笔，不仅可以为剧本冲突作铺垫，还可以吸引观众追看剧情。
亮点二：文中的英语对话短小简练，连贯得体，符合英语戏剧的语言要求。如何写好英文戏剧
戏剧是文学体裁的一种，其基本要素包括戏剧冲突和戏剧语言。戏剧离不开冲突，戏剧语言包括人物语言和舞台说明。
戏剧是一种综合艺术，它涉及的要素有三点：
　　1．文学要素：即剧本，尤其是戏剧中的矛盾冲突和戏剧语言。
　　2．音乐要素：包括歌剧中的唱腔、曲调；还包括音乐伴奏和音响效果。
　　3．美术要素：包括演员的形体动作和舞蹈设计。　　写好英语戏剧，应该注意以下几点：
　　1．确定剧情、故事梗概及主题。
　　2．确定剧中人物及其形象和性格特征(喜、怒、哀、乐、害羞、友好、慷慨、吝啬、恐惧以及勇敢等)。
　　3．确定故事发生的时间、地点、场景。
　　4．构思戏剧的矛盾冲突，事件的起因、发展、高潮、结局等。[黄金表达]1．It/The story happened in/at×××(地名)on/in×××
(日期)．
2．×××(人名)is very kind/cruel/rich/generous/mean,
but ...
3．×××(人名)is very clever/stupid/fat/thin/tall/short ...
4．×××(人名)is on the way to ...
5．×××(人名)is on the point of doing sth.when ...
6．The play is adapted from ...点此进入