牛津译林版八年级英语上册 Unit7 Seasons Grammar 课件 (共59张PPT)

(共59张PPT)
Unit 7 Seasons
Grammar
To learn to use the five kinds of sentence structures: S+V; S+V+O; S+V+P; S+V+IO+DO; S+V+DO+OC
To learn the new words and expressions:
cloud, kick, fever, cough, awful, from morning till night，
kick the ball, have a high fever, cough a lot,
an awful day
.2.
Learning Objectives
Presentation
clouds n. 云
kick the football
vt. 踢
cough vi. 咳嗽
fever n. 发烧
cloud
kick
fever
cough
awful
n. 云
vt. 踢
n. 发烧
vi. 咳嗽
adj. 糟糕的，很坏的
Words review
Words review
Subject (S), 主语（一般是名词或代词）
Verb (V)，谓语动词
Predicative(p)，表语
Object (O)，宾语
Direct Object (DO)，直接宾语
Indirect Object (IO)，间接宾语
Object Complement (OC)，宾语补足语
Revision
temperature
rise
The temperature rises.
Spring
Children fly kites.
People feel hot.
Summer
It often rains.
Autumn
Autumn leaves turn brown.
Farmers harvest crops.
Winter
We feel cold.
We make snowmen.
Presentation
The temperature rises. 气温升高了
Children fly kites. 孩子们放风筝
People feel hot. 人们感到热
It often rains. 天经常下雨。
Leaves turn brown. 树叶变成棕色。
Farmers harvest crops. 农民收割庄稼
We make snowmen. 我们制造雪人
主语：发出动作的人或物。
呈现状态的人或物
subject(s):
The temperature rises. 气温上升了
Children fly kites. 孩子们放风筝
People feel hot. 人们感到热
It often rains. 天经常下雨。
Leaves turn brown. 树叶变成棕色。
Farmers harvest crops. 农民收割庄稼
We make snowmen. 我们制造雪人
verb(s) 谓语：对主语动作状态或特征的陈述说明
Presentation
The snowy season will begin.
The autumn leaves turn brown.
Children can eat ice cream.
_______
_____
_______
verbs
intransitive verbs(不及物动词)
transitive verbs(及物动词)
linking verbs (系动词)
谓语
不及物动词: 不及物动词不能直接加宾语
及物动词：及物动词后面可以直接加宾语。
连系动词
be动词
感官动词
表示保持词
表变化词
表像系动词
终止系动词
is/am/are/was/were
look/smell/taste/sound/feel
keep/stay/remain/lie/stand
become/turn/grow/get/go/fall
seem/appear
prove/turn out
rains
rises
fly
harvest
make
linking verbs(系动词 ) + adjectives(形容词)/名词词组
The temperature rises.
Children fly kites.
People feel hot.
It often rains.
Leaves turn brown.
Farmers harvest crops.
We make snowmen.
object(s)
宾语：动作的对象，动作的承担者
孩子们放风筝
农民收割庄稼
我们制造雪人
The temperature rises.
Children fly kites.
People feel hot.
It often rains.
Leaves turn brown.
Farmers harvest crops.
We make snowmen.
predicative(s)：系动词
表语：表明主语的身份、特征、状态、性质
人们感到热
树叶变成棕色
Sentence structure
An intransitive verb does not take an direct object .
不及物动词不能直接加宾语。
S+Ｖ　　The temperature drops .
subject verb
e.g.
The boy cried .
They are running .
Sentence structure
A transitive verb takes an object .
及物动词后面可以直接加宾语。
S+V+O Farmers harvest crops .
subject verb object
e.g.
Sandy likes fish .
Daniel has a computer .
Sentence structure :
双击添加标题文字
A linking verb links the subject and adjective or the noun phrase that describes it .
系动词后面跟形容词或名词词组。形容词或名词词组作为句子的表语（the predicative）。
S+V+P Autumn leaves turn brown .
subject verb predicative
e.g.
My sister is a teacher .
Eddie looks cool .
She is singing happily.
She is singing a song.
She is a singer. She is happy.
She often laughs.
She is laughing now.
She will laugh soon.
一般现在时
（S+V）
现在进行时
（S+V）
现在进行时
（S+V）
谓语（V）具有不同的时态
happily adv修饰动词sing
（S+V）
a song是名词做动词sing的宾语
（S+V+O）
a singer 名词表语
happy形容词表语
（S+V+P）
注意：现在进行时的谓语与主系表结构的区别：
关键要看be动词后接的是实义动词现在分词形式
还是表语（名形介）.
谓语
不及物动词:不及物动词不直接加宾语
及物动词：及物动词后面直接加宾语
连系动词
be动词
感官动词
表示保持词
表变化词
表像系动词
终止系动词
is/am/are/was/were
look/smell/taste/sound/feel
keep/stay/remain/lie/stand
become/turn/grow/get/go/fall
seem/appear
prove/turn out
rains
rises
fly
harvest
make
S+V
S+V+O
S+V+P
The temperature rises.
Children fly kites.
People feel hot.
It often rains.
Leaves turn brown.
Farmers harvest crops.
We make snowmen.
主语+谓语+宾语
主语+谓语
主语+谓语+表语
S + V + P
S + V + O
S + V
make sentences：
s + v
主+谓
s + v + o
主+谓+宾
s + v + p
主+谓+表
不及物
及
物
系动词
Practice
The leaves fall.
Leaves are yellow.
Farmers pick apples.
Autumn comes.
Fruit tastes delicious.
We enjoy autumn.
S+V
S+V+O
S+V+P
vi.
linking v.
vt.
vi.
linking v.
vt.
Let’s practise.
1. We have four seasons.
2. They are quite different.
3. Spring is warm and sunny.
4. We fly kites.
5. We like summer.
6. Ice cream tastes nice.
7. Autumn arrives.
8. Snow falls.
S+V
S+V+O
S+V+P
S+V+P
S+V+O
S+V+O
S+V+P
S+V
vt.
linking verb
linking verb
vt.
vt.
linking verb
vi.
vi.
Task 1
5. We like summer.
S + V + O
6. Ice cream tastes nice.
S + V + P
7. Autumn arrives.
S + V
8. Snow falls.
S + V
What will Eddie do
Eddie will give Hobo an iceream.
Can you give me an ice cream
Eh…
What did Eddie do
Eddie bought Hobo a glass of juice.
Wow, who bought me a glass of juice. What a surprise!
Of course I did.
Eddie bought Hobo a glass of juice.
S+V+IO+DO
Eddie will give Hobo an ice cream.
S
V
Indirect Object
(间接宾语)
IO
DO
Direct Object
(直接宾语)
S
V
IO
DO
vt.
sb.
sth.
S+V+IO+DO
give us a lot of presents
buy her some books
send her an e-mail
make Millie a toy
give a lot of presents to us
send an e-mail to her
Tips
bring, give, lend, offer, pass, sell, send, show, take, tell, pay,
write …
buy some books for her
make a toy for Millie
build, buy, cook, find, get, make…
Tip: Use to/for
We can change the structure S+V+IO+DO with to.
verbs can be used with to:
bring give hand lend offer pass pay post read sell send show take teach tell write
We can change the structure S+V+IO+DO with for.
verbs can be used with for:
bring build buy cook find get leave make order pick save
Presentation
Amy
Tom
to
for
Amy brought Tom a book.
Amy ____________________.
Tom will build a tent for Amy.
Tom ____________________.
Amy is passing Tom a piece of paper.
Amy _____________________________.
Task 3
bring, give, pass, sell, send, show, tell, write …
build, buy, cook, get, make…
brought a book to Tom
will build Amy a tent
is passing a piece of paper to Amy
What can we see in autumn
We can see wild geese fly south.
I often watch autumn leaves fall.
S+V+DO+OC
We can see wild geese flying south.
S
V
DO
Object Complement
（宾语补足语）
OC
I often watch autumn leaves fall.
S
V
DO
OC
vt.
Direct Object
(直接宾语)
让你不买礼物！
Tom didn’t ____________________ Jack.
This makes Jack ________.
buy a present for
angry
Tom didn’t buy Jack a present.
S+V+IO+DO
S+V+DO+OC
We call the man David.
The boy made him angry.
He told us to go home.
I found it important.
S + V + DO + OC (宾补)
We can’t give the baby much food.
The teacher teaches her Maths.
Mum makes me a cake.
My friend shows us a book.
S + V + IO + DO(双宾)
Let's compare!比较一下
逻辑上的主谓关系
A logical subject-predicate relation
The man is David.
He is angry.
We go home.
It is important.
主
谓 宾补
sth.物
sb.人
人
物 双宾
主 谓
Tips:
双宾可___ ___
宾补能___ ___
互 换
组 句
直宾DO：物
间宾IO：人
常见的动词词组：
make/ let sb. do sth
ask/ tell sb. to do sth
watch /hear sb. do (doing) sth
S+V+DO+OC
Disscusion
Kitty gives Simon some books.( )
Simon found the weather warm.( )
A S+V+IO+DO B S+V+DO+OC
Rule:
（1）一物一人（直物DO间人IO）是双宾语；
（2）宾语和宾语补足语是修饰和被修饰的关系，即A是B，B就是A。
A
B
Difference
请判断下列句子的结构：
1. Kitty gives Simon some books. ( )
2. Simon found the weather warm. ( )
3. Mum is watching us skating. ( )
4. He sent his friend an email. ( )
5. We bought ourselves some warm clothes.
( )
A
A： S+V+IO+DO
B： S+V+DO+OC
B
B
A
A
1.They are watching TV.
2.Many boys are running.
3.He gave Tom a present.
4.I find it interesting.
5.Music sounds beautiful.
I feel excited.
eg:
Discuss and choose the right sentence structure.
1. S + V + P (主系表)
2. S + V (主谓)
3. S + V + O (主谓宾）
4. S + V + IO +DO (主谓双宾)
5. S + V + DO+OC (主谓宾.宾补)
The weather in winter makes me feel cold but I still like winter best because we can celebrate spring festival. Parents usually buy me new clothes and give me red packets. My grandparents also cook delicious food for us. I think it a wonderful festival.
S+V+IO+DO
S+V+DO+OC
1
2
3
4
5
1
2
4
3
5
Task 3
We can add an adverbial to each of the above five main structures. We use an adverbial to show when, where or how an action is done.
e.g. Hobo built Eddie a tent
with sticks at the beach yesterday.
how
where
when
It's hard to die when
all the birds are singing in the sky.
Level 1
S+V
He gave me a book as my birthday present.
S+V+IO+DO
Daniel often makes us laugh.
S+V+DO+OC
Exercises
I can see the first leaf falling. It's all yellow and nice.
S+V+DO+OC
S+V+P
We had a good time in the park yesterday.
S+V+O
Back
Amy keeps a weather diary. Read the sentences from her diary entries and describe the main structures of the underlined sentences. (P 86)
B
It was a perfect day today. There was not a cloud in the sky. Mum was making breakfast for me when I woke up this morning.
The clouds became dark.
They coveredthe sun. luckily, it didn’t rain.
S + V + P
S + V + O
S + V
Level 2
3. It was New Year’s Day. Mum and Dad gave me nice presents, but I was not happy. The rain was falling from morning till night. I hate rainy days.
4. The sun was shining. I saw some kids kicking the ball in the park. I caught a
bad cold. I had a high fever and coughed a lot, so Mum took me to the hospital. It was an awful day!
S + V + IO + DO
S + V + P
S + V + O
S + V + P
S + V + DO + OC + advervial
Level 2
It was a perfect day today. There was not a cloud in the sky. Mum was making breakfast for me when I woke up this morning.
2. The clouds became dark. They covered the sun. Luckily, it didn’t rain.
S+V+P
S+V+IO+DO
S+V+O
S+V+P
S+V
3.It was New Year’s Day. Mum and Dad gave me nice presents, but I was not happy. The rain was falling from morning till night. I hate rainy days.
4.The sun was shining. I saw some kids kicking the ball in the park. I caught a bad cold. I had a high fever and coughed a lot, so Mum took me to the hospital. It was an awful day.
S+V+IO+DO
S+V+P
S+V+O
S+V
S+V+DO+OC
请点击
1.My father is 40 years old. ( )
A verb B subject C object
2.The football game was exciting. ( )
A predicative B verb C object
3.Jason often tells us funny stories. ( )
A indirect object B subject C direct object
4.Amy found English interesting. ( )
A indirect object B direct object
C object complement
B
C
A
C
Choose the correct answers.
5.Lucy is cooking. ( )
A subject B verb C object
6.Amy is reading English. ( )
A subject B verb C direct object
7.My mother bought me a computer. ( )
A indirect object B direct object
C object complement
8.The idea sounds great. ( )
A subject B object C predicative
B
C
A
C
1.People call Zhalong Birds’ home. .
2.The government built the nature reserve. .
3.The sparrow is flying. .
4.The reserve gives wildlife an ideal home. .
5.The crane looks beautiful . .
6.The students are counting the birds. .
S+V+DO+OC
S+V+DO
S+V
S+V+IO+DO
S+V+P
S+V+DO
Find out the structure of these sentences.
She laughed.
2. He bought a T-shirt.
3. Jay named his dog Bobby.
4. She looks lovely.
5. He gave Mary a present.
(S + V)
(S + V + DO)
(S + V + DO + OC)
(S + V + P)
(S + V + IO + DO)
II. Describe the main structures of the following sentences.
6. The teacher is marking the tests.
7. They thought John the best actor.
8. I find the article interesting.
(S + V + DO)
(S + V + DO + OC)
(S + V + DO + OC)
Remember the new words in this lesson.
Finish the part B on page 86.
Homework
Thank you!