2023版高考英语一轮复习新题精练专题二七选五课件(139张ppt）

(共139张PPT)
专题二　七选五
考点1　细节句和过渡句
话题:用音乐对抗霸凌　主题语境:人与社会　核心素养:思维品质　词数:约303
[2022辽宁铁岭六校联考]"Music is where everything started," Samira Horton says. 　 1　 She has been rapping and performing since she was 6 years old. "Through music," DJ Annie Red says, "I can express myself and let out my emotion."
The rising hip-hop star uses music to share a message about bullying(霸凌). "I was bullied a lot," she says, "even today, especially because of my voice." DJ Annie Red has a deep voice. 2　 But DJ Annie Red has found a way to rise above their rude remarks. Instead of thinking of her voice as a weakness, she uses it to spread her anti-bullying message far and wide.
3　 She posts her music online, too. She likes to give students a rhythmic and interactive show while teaching them how to overcome bullying. "It makes them feel like they're not alone."
DJ Annie Red believes that standing up to bullying is more important than ever. 　 4　 "You don't have to show your face at all," she says. "Someone could easily be affected by that."
　 5　 She believes that kids of her generation can make things better by finding their passions, and using those passions to inspire changes, as she has. "Kids' being more confident in themselves and wanting to do something that they really enjoy doing is something that motivates me to keep doing what I do."
注：属于本考点的试题用 突出标记。
Passage 1
A.But she sees a brighter future ahead.
B.People have told her she sounds like a boy.
C.She encourages kids of all ages to stand up to bullying.
D.DJ Annie Red has performed at schools, festivals and pro-basketball games.
E.Her 2017 book, The Bully Stop, is based on her song "No You Won't Bully Me".
F.The 13-year-old from Brooklyn, New York, is known to the world as DJ Annie Red.
G.That's because people can bully others on social media while hiding behind a username.
Passage 1
【考点突破】 细节支撑性句子注重考查上下文逻辑,过渡性句子注重考查文章结构。在七选五中,对于过渡句的考查主要包括段落内过渡句和段落间过渡句。考生应先厘清句际逻辑关系与段落层次,然后根据文章语句间的意义关系进行分析,还可借助句子之间的连接性词语进行分析,判断题目的考查方向。针对考查细节句的题目,考生可通过分析上下文具体内容以及选项表述的重点选择正确答案。解答段落内过渡句时,要仔细阅读设空处前后相邻的内容,挖掘内在的逻辑关系,注意衔接词和体现逻辑关系的标志词,然后与选项中的关键词建立联系;解答段落间过渡句时,要阅读上一段的段尾和下一段的内容,注意衔接词和体现逻辑关系的标志词,然后与选项中的关键词建立联系。
衔接词与体现逻辑关系的标志词:
①并列与递进关系: firstly, secondly, thirdly, first, then, next, finally, at last, in the end, in the first place, in the second place, for one thing, for another, and, also, not...but, furthermore, either...or, neither...nor, not only...but also, in addition, as well, to make matters worse等。②因果关系: so, therefore, thus, hence, consequently, as a result等。③转折与让步关系:however, nevertheless, though, yet, in spite of, on the contrary, otherwise, while, rather than, even if, despite等。
答案
本文是一篇记叙文,讲述了闻名世界的DJ Annie Red对待霸凌的态度,以及她如何用音乐来对抗霸凌。
1.F　考查细节句。空前是Samira Horton 说的话,空后介绍她从6岁开始说唱,那么本空也应是对Samira Horton的介绍,F项"这个来自纽约布鲁克林的13岁女孩,作为DJ Annie Red闻名于世界"符合语境,故选F项。
2.B　考查细节句。根据上文的"I was bullied a lot""especially because of my voice"和"DJ Annie Red has a deep voice"可知,DJ Annie Red因低沉的声音而遭受霸凌,本空应是人们对于她的声音的恶评,B项"人们说她的声音像男生的声音"符合语境,且B项的内容与下文中的"their rude remarks"相呼应,故选B项。
3.D　考查细节句。根据下文可知,她也将她的音乐传到网上去,根据空后一句中的"too"可以推知,本空介绍的也是她的表演方式,D项"DJ Annie Red在学校、会演以及职业篮球比赛上表演"符合语境,故选D项。
4.G　考查过渡句。空前说勇敢对抗霸凌比以前更重要,空后提到不需要露脸,G项"这是因为人们可以躲在用户名背后在社交媒体上霸凌别人"承上启下,解释了对抗霸凌比以前更重要的原因,同时又引出下文,那些霸凌别人的人躲在用户名背后,完全不需要露脸。故选G项。
5.A　考查主题句。上文提到网络霸凌对人的伤害;空后指出,她认为她这一代的孩子能通过找到热情来让事情朝更好的方向发展,并且他们可以用这些热情来做出一些改变。本空与上文为转折关系,且本句为本段的主题句,说明事情会朝好的方向发展,因此A项"但是她却看到了前方更光明的未来"符合语境,故选A项。
话题:保护海牛　主题语境:人与自然　核心素养:文化意识　词数:约310
[2022河北石家庄一检]Wildlife workers in Florida are feeding manatees(海牛) to keep them from starving. 　 1　 So far, the rescue workers have already given out 25 tons of lettuce.
Manatees are huge sea mammals that can be as long as 4 meters when mature. 　 2　 In spite of their size, manatees only eat plants that live in the sea. That's one reason why they're sometimes called "sea cows".
But Florida's manatees have been on the US government's list of endangered animals since 1967. Most threats to manatees come from humans. One of the biggest problems faced by the creatures is boats. Manatees are curious and fairly slow, which has led to thousands of manatees being injured or killed.
　 3　 At one point, there were only about 2,000 manatees left in Florida. But by 2016,there were roughly 8,800 manatees.
But now manatees are facing a new challenge: they can't get enough to eat. Many of the beds of seagrass have been killed by pollution. Seagrass began to disappear around 2011.Warming seas, combined with polluted water and fertilizers(肥料) that have been washed off farmlands, have created huge growth of algae(海藻) on the ocean's surface. 　 4　
Last year,1,101 manatees died from starving. 　 5　 Many of the manatees that remain are so thin that often they have trouble swimming.
Passage 2
So, wildlife experts came up with a plan to get food for the manatees. They decided to feed them green vegetables like lettuce and cabbage. In the long term, Florida is working to help restore seagrass beds. But that will take time.
A.That was a record.
B.They can weigh up to 590 kilograms.
C.The feeding station has been very successful.
D.With protection, manatees managed to bounce back.
E.They block the sunlight that allows the seagrass to grow.
F.But feeding these massive sea creatures takes a lot of food.
G.Research needs to be done to determine what food would be best.
Passage 2
本文是一篇说明文,讲述了佛罗里达州野生动物保护者通过给海牛喂食来避免它们遭受饥饿,从而促进海牛种群数量的增加。
1.F　考查过渡句。空前一句讲到了"佛罗里达州的野生动物保护者正喂养海牛以防止它们挨饿",而空后则讲到了"到目前为止,救援人员已经发放了25吨莴苣",因此,F项"但是,喂养这些大型海洋生物特别费食物"承上启下,符合语境。
2.B　考查细节句。空前一句讲到了"海牛是大型海洋哺乳动物,成年海牛身长达4米",而空后一句讲到了"尽管它们体型庞大,却只吃海洋植物",因此,空处应该还会讲到海牛的体型,故B项"它们(海牛)可能重达590千克"符合语境。
3.D　考查主题句。根据第一段可知,佛罗里达州的野生动物保护者正喂养海牛,结合空后的"At one point, there were only...8,800 manatees"可知,通过野生动物保护者的努力,海牛的数量有反弹,故D项能概括本段主旨,符合语境。
4.E　考查细节句。本段讲到了海牛面临的新挑战,结合空前一句中的"海洋表面的海藻大量生长"可知,空处应该会讲到海藻泛滥带来的危害,故E项"它们(海藻)挡住了使海草能够生长的阳光"符合语境。
5.A　考查细节句。空前一句讲到了"去年1 101头海牛死于饥饿",A项"那是一个纪录"是对空前一句的评价,符合语境。
答案
话题:与大学室友相处　主题语境:人与社会　核心素养:思维品质　词数:约312
[2022广东汕头一模]Having a college roommate is most people's first experience living with someone who is not related to them. It comes with both benefits and challenges. 　 1　 You get an instant friend, someone to keep you company during your first time away from home. However, you also run the risk of being matched with someone you find it difficult to get along well with. Either way, here's some good advice:
Establish some rules
　 2　 In this way, you and your roommate are clear on what to do to avoid conflict. Establish what space is whose, when you need quiet time to study, which items you can share, what time you go to bed, and who's allowed to eat what in the refrigerator.
Practice direct communication
Dorm rooms are close quarters, so even if you get along with your roommate, there is bound to be a disagreement or two. 　 3　 You can't expect your roommate to be a mind-reader, so if you get upset or frustrated, communicate it to your roommate right away. 4 　 You'll find such a way gets a better response than if you just attack or criticize.
Passage 3
Compromise(妥协) sometimes
When it comes to doing chores around the room, listening to certain kinds of music, watching different TV shows and requesting privacy, compromise is key. If you give a little, your roommate will give a promising does not refer to giving in to all of someone's requests. 　 5 So, talk through the things you and your roommate differ on until you can reach a compromise.
A.Make your preferences known from the start.
B.Instead, it means coming to a common agreement.
C.Handle such conflicts with open communication.
D.It refers to persuading others to accept your opinion.
E.Use a respectful tone and choose your words carefully.
F.In this situation, listening to your roommate is very important.
G.Getting along with your roommate can enhance your college experience.
这是一篇说明文。本文阐述了拥有大学室友既有好处也有挑战,作者就如何与室友相处、避免发生冲突给出了一些建议。
Passage 3
答案
1.G　考查细节句。根据上文可知,拥有大学室友既有好处,又有挑战;根据下文可知,你也会面临与你觉得很难友好相处的人相匹配的风险,这是拥有大学室友的一个挑战,那么本空可能叙述拥有大学室友的一个好处,G项"与你的室友相处可以丰富你的大学经历"符合语境,故选G项。
2.A　考查细节句。根据本段小标题"Establish some rules"以及空后一句"In this way, you and your roommate are clear on what to do to avoid conflict"可知,A项"从一开始就说明你的偏好"符合语境,说明制定规则的目的是从一开始就让你的室友知道你的偏好,用这样的方法可以避免与室友冲突,且该选项中的"known"与空后一句中的"are clear"相呼应。故选A项。
3.C　考查细节句。根据本段小标题"Practice direct communication"和空后一句"You can't expect...right away" 可知,C项"以开放的沟通方式处理此类冲突"符合本段主旨,且与下文构成因果关系,故选C项。
4.E　考查过渡句。根据上文可知,你不能指望你的室友是一个会读心术的人,所以如果你感到失望或沮丧,立即向你的室友表达出来;根据下文可知,你会发现这样的方式与攻击或批评相比能得到更好的回应,E项"用尊重的语气,并且斟酌用语"符合本段主旨, 且承上启下,故选E项。
5.B　考查细节句。根据空前一句可知,妥协并不意味着对别人的所有要求都做出让步,B项"相反,这意味着互相达成共识"与前一句构成转折关系,故选B项。
话题:轮滑　 主题语境:人与社会　 核心素养:思维品质　 词数:约290
[2022河北保定一模]Rollerblading is an excellent sport that just about anyone can enjoy. Experience and types of skating range in difficulty from simple recreational skating to a much more aggressive style of skating.
After you have mastered the basics of rollerblading, you can begin to master the sport. 　 1　 However, some athletes prefer to perfect their sport and compete in their chosen sport.
The sport of rollerblading has many variations(变体) and styles that allow competition. 　 2　 Also known as urban skating, free skating is set in an urban setting and participants must travel through streets and travel around any obstacle as fast as possible in order to reach the finish. 　 3　 Jumps, slides and grinds are basic tricks freestyle skaters often use.
　 4　 It is specially enjoyed by skaters who prefer performing tricks and challenging movements. Aggressive skating can be performed in an urban setting, like free skating, and this style is often called street skating. Aggressive skaters can also be found at skateparks performing tricks on the obstacles created specifically to cater to tricks.
Street skaters use any type of urban obstacle to perform amazing tricks ranging from jumps and slides to grinds and petitions in aggressive skating require contestants to perform increasingly difficult and dangerous tricks in order to outmatch(胜过,击败) their competitors. 　5　
Passage 4
A.Each style requires different equipment.
B.Aggressive skating is another popular form of the sport.
C.So aggressive skating is one of the most entertaining sports to watch.
D.Many freestyle skaters can also race on ice as the seasons change.
E.Many people enjoy rollerblading just for the simple pleasure of exercise.
F.Free skating is a type about skating from start to finish as fast as possible.
G.In addition to emphasizing speed, free skating often includes different tricks.
Passage 4
这是一篇说明文,本文主要讲了两种不同类型的轮滑——自由式轮滑和极限轮滑。
1.E　考查细节句。空后的"However"表明空后与空处形成了转折,根据空后的"some athletes prefer to perfect their sport and compete in their chosen sport"可知,E项"很多人喜欢轮滑仅仅是为了运动带来的简单的快乐"符合语境。
2.F　考查细节句。空前为本段的中心句,根据空前的"rollerblading has many variations(变体) and styles"可知,空处会讲到轮滑种类中的一种,再根据空后的"Also known as urban skating, free skating is...reach the finish"可知,空处讲到的类型应该是free skating,故选F项。
3.G　考查过渡句。G项中的"In addition to emphasizing speed"呼应空前的"travel around any obstacle as fast as possible",而"includes different tricks"引出空后的"Jumps, slides and grinds are basic tricks",故G项承上启下,符合语境。
4.B　考查主题句。根据空后的"It is specially enjoyed by skaters who prefer performing tricks and challenging movements. Aggressive skating can be...is often called street skating"可知,空后的It指的应该是aggressive skating,空处应涉及对极限轮滑的简要介绍,故选B项。
5.C　考查结论句。结合本段内容可知,本段主要讲了极限轮滑要使用障碍来展现技巧,选手还需要展现高难度且危险的技巧才能打败竞争对手,故C项"所以,极限轮滑是观看起来最有趣的运动之一"符合语境。
答案
话题:目标与系统　主题语境:人与自我　核心素养:思维品质　词数:约312
[2022福建福州三模]We all have things that we want to achieve in our lives. 　 1　 At least, this is how I approached my life goals until recently.
What I'm starting to realize, however, is that when it comes to actually getting things done and making progress in the areas that are important to you, there is a much better way to do things. It all comes down to the difference between goals and systems. 　 2　 Your system is the writing schedule that you follow each week. If you completely ignored your goals and focused only on your system, would you still get results I think you would.
　 3　 In the last 12 months, I've written over 115, 000 words. The typical book is about 50, 000 to 60, 000 words, so I have written enough to fill two books this year. All of this is such a surprise because I never set a goal for my writing. I didn't measure my progress in relation to some benchmark. 　 4　 I never said, "I want to write two books this year." What I did focus on was writing one article every Monday and Thursday. I focused on my system and the process of doing the work. In the end, I enjoyed the same (or perhaps better) results.
Goals are good for planning your progress and systems are good for actually making progress. Having a system is what matters. 　5　
Passage 5
A.None of this is to say that goals are useless.
B.If you're a writer, your goal is to write a book.
C.Forget about predicting the future and build a system.
D.I never set a word count goal for any particular article.
E.Committing to the process is what makes the difference.
F.And for most of us, the path to those things starts by setting a specific goal.
G.As an example, I just added up the total word count for the articles I've written this year.
本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。作者以自己写作的经历告诉我们:目标固然重要,但是专注于系统和过程,坚持不懈地做才更重要。
1.F　考查过渡句。空前列举了我们在生活中想要实现的事情,而空后一句提到"至少直到最近,我都是这样接近我的生活目标的",由此可知,空处承上启下,说明了实现这些事情的方法,F项中的"those things"指的正是上文中的"things that we want to achieve in our lives",且F项中的" a specific goal"与空后一句中的"goals"相呼应。故选F。
Passage 5
答案
2.B　考查过渡句。根据空前一句"It all comes down to the difference between goals and systems"可知,目标和系统之间有差异,而空后一句提到了与写作有关的系统,那么空处承上启下,说的应是目标,且与写作有关。由此可知,B项"如果你是一个作家,你的目标是写一本书"符合语境,故选B。
3.G　考查细节句。根据下文中的"In the last 12 months, I've written over 115, 000 words. The typical book is about 50, 000 to 60, 000 words, so I have written enough to fill two books this year"可知,作者应是将过去12个月的写作字数进行了计算,因此,G项"举个例子,我刚刚把我今年写的文章的总字数加起来"符合语境。故选G。
4.D　考查细节句。根据上文中的"I never set a goal for my writing. I didn't measure my progress in relation to some benchmark"和下文中的"I never said,‘I want to write two books this year.’"可知,空处也应是否定句,且上文提到了作者今年的写作总字数,同时根据"I didn't measure" "benchmark""two books"这些细节可知,空处应与设定字数目标有关,由此可知,D项"我从来没有为任何一篇文章设定字数目标"符合语境。故选D。
5.E　考查结论句。空处是对段落的总结。空前提到,有一个系统很重要,并且作者以自己写作的经历"I focused on my system and the process of doing the work. In the end, I enjoyed the same (or perhaps better) results"证明了,目标固然重要,但是专注于系统和过程,坚持不懈地做才更重要。E项符合语境,且能总结本段,故选E。
话题:真人图书馆　 主题语境:人与社会　核心素养:思维品质　词数:约294
[2022山东济南模考]The Human Library has been working to encourage a sense of shared humanity for almost two decades. It is quite different from traditional libraries. 　 1　 You can review your perspective with the help of borrowed human books.
The Human Library is an association which attempts to create respect and understanding for the diversity in society through efforts. 　 2　 In this place, people who otherwise would never meet or talk can find room for conversation.
As its website details, the library hosts weekly events in local communities. The volunteers, "human books", welcome members of the public to come and talk to them. 　 3　
Ronni Abergel is the founder of the library. 　 4　 As his idea has spread like a bestseller, the library has hosted events in more than 80 countries, in libraries, museums, festivals and schools. It has more than 1,000 human books in circulation in more than 50 languages, with especially strong presence in American cities such as Chicago and San Francisco.
　 5　 They have served as a timely way to reach out to scores of people stuck at home, and fearful of being too close to strangers. Being a book in the library is more than what you expect and is something you will never forget. It is also an opportunity to meet a lot of people that are different from you and yet you will find you share a lot in common.
Passage 6
A.It creates a safe space for dialogue.
B.His ambition is to build a high-tech library.
C.COVID-19 has led to many virtual events as well.
D.This library allows people to start an online conversation.
E.He just wants to get the whole world listening and talking.
F.Here, various questions are expected, appreciated and answered.
G.At this library, you can "borrow" people for a conversation instead of books.
Passage 6
本文是一篇说明文,主要讲了真人图书馆的目的、操作方式、发展情况以及在新冠肺炎疫情期间发挥的作用等。
1.G　考查过渡句。空前一句讲到了真人图书馆与传统图书馆不同,因此,空处应该会讲到这种不同具体体现在什么地方。G项"在这个图书馆,你可以‘借’人来聊天而不是借书"符合语境,且与空后的"你可以在借来的真人图书的帮助下反思自己的观点"呼应,故G项符合语境。
2.A　考查细节句。根据空后的"people who otherwise...room for conversation"可以推断,真人图书馆为人们提供了对话的空间,故A项符合语境。
3.F　考查细节句。根据语境可知,本空承接空前一句,此处应该会讲到来这里交流时要知道的一些情况,故F项符合语境。
4.E　考查细节句。根据语境可知,空处应该会继续讲Ronni Abergel,故B、E项符合初步判断。根据空后的"the library has...festivals and schools"可知,空处讲到的应该是Ronni Abergel想要让真人图书馆服务全球,故E项符合语境。
5.C　考查细节句。根据空后的"a timely way...at home"可知,真人图书馆在新冠肺炎疫情期间及时给人们提供了帮助,故C项符合
语境。
答案
话题:应对防卫心理　主题语境:人与自我　核心素养:思维品质　词数:约304
[2022名师原创]Defensiveness is a natural reaction when you feel attacked. 　 1　 And it's one way you escape responsibility for your actions when facing a difficult or unpleasant person of situation. In conversations, though, defensiveness can quickly destroy any hopes of understanding and moving forward. So how can you respond to defensiveness
Meeting defensiveness with defensiveness is likely to increase the tension rather than remove it. Saying "don't lake it personally" probably won't help either. 　 2　 So arguing with a defensive person, becoming defensive yourself, or being judgmental will confirm their anxiety. When a person is defensive, they're acting on emotion. If emotions are running high, you may want to walk away for a while, collect your thoughts, and come back to the conversation later until you feel in control. 　 3　
One way to manage defensiveness is to follow some communication ground rules. For example, you might agree that each person gets the chance to speak without interruption while the other person listens. 　 4　 Then switch roles. In this way, you can add structure to your conversation.
　 5　 Doing that may help you take things less personally and avoid getting them to think that you're judging them. Ask questions with a genuine interest, and try to understand why they feel defensive. If it's a response to something you said or did or your tone, apologize for that and try a different approach next time.
Passage 7
A.Getting defensive protects you and your feelings.
B.You should get curious about the other person's opinion.
C.Defensiveness is usually born out of fear of refusal or judgment.
D.It makes sense that you want to pick up helpful tips on coping with it.
E.There're also situations where defensiveness creates an unhealthy state.
F.If this is the case, communicate to the other person that you need space.
G.The listener can reflect on the information received and confirm the speaker's feelings.
Passage 7
本文是说明文。文章主要阐述了应对防卫心理的方法。
1.A　考查细节句。空后提到"而且这是你在面对棘手或讨厌的人或情况时逃避责任的一种方式"。故选A项"有防卫心理会保护你和你的感情"。
2.C　考查细节句。C项"防卫心理通常源于对拒绝或评判的恐惧"与下文衔接紧密,C项中的"fear"和"judgment"对应空后的"judgmental"和"anxiety"。
3.F　考查细节句。空前提到"你可能想要先走开一会儿,整理一下思绪,直到你能冷静下来再回到谈话中",F项"如果是这种情况,跟对方说你需要空间"承接上文。F项的"the case"与上文呼应。
4.G　考查过渡句。空前提到"每个人都有机会不受干扰地说话,而另一个人在听",空后提到"然后交换角色",G项"倾听者可以思考他们所听到的,并确认说话者的感受"承上启下,符合语境。
5.B　考查主题句。空后提到"那样做可以帮助你不那么个人化地看待事情,避免别人认为你在评判他们",故空处应是具体做法。再结合下文的"Ask questions with a genuine interest, and try to understand"可知,选B项"你应该对对方的观点感兴趣"。
答案
话题:自行车博物馆　主题语境:人与社会　核心素养:语言能力　词数:约315
[2022名师原创]How many bicycles do you need in your life For 67-year-old Chai Lin, it's 1,300 and counting.
Chai has been fond of bicycles since the 1960s when he saw some people riding the two-wheeled vehicle in his home city Lanzhou in Northwest China. 　 1　 To get enough money, Chai used his talent for writing and painting to create artworks and sold them on the street. Thanks to all the efforts and "crowdfunding" in his family, Chai got a British-made Raleigh in 1980. 　 2　
After becoming a businessperson and earning enough to buy fancy motorbikes and cars, Chai's passion for bikes, however, didn't fade. 　 3　 The items have brought Chai enormous satisfaction, but many people around say Chai has bought nothing more than a pile of useless metal. He never minds the comments. In his eyes, the bikes also show the development of global industrial civilization.
　 4　 In 2009, with the support of the local government, he decided to invest money in a museum for the bikes. With an area of 18,650 square meters, the museum stores not only bikes, but more than 13,500 bike-related things like books and photos. The museum has been selected as an off-campus research center for local primary and middle school students and is popular with tourists. 　 5　 A VR device now is available for visitors to experience the feeling of riding on different types of bikes. "Bikes carry precious memories of our generation. They deserve a comfortable ‘home’," Chai said.
Passage 8
A.However, in that era, a bicycle was a luxury.
B.The idea of building a bike museum came to him.
C.Chai has constantly upgraded the facilities inside it.
D.But his family thought he was blowing money on nonsense.
E.Chai treasured it so much that he was even unwilling to ride it.
F.With his collection growing, there was no space to keep the bikes.
G.He began collecting bikes of various brands and ages from around the world.
本文是记叙文。柴林自幼时起就酷爱自行车,后来他开始收集来自世界各地的自行车,并在当地政府的支持下,建立了一家自行车博物馆。
Passage 8
答案
【核心单词】　fade v.逐渐消逝,逐渐消失;(使)变淡,变暗 enormous adj.巨大的,庞大的,极大的　luxury n.奢侈品;奢华;不常有的乐趣(或享受、优势)　 treasure v.珍视,珍爱,珍重 n.金银财宝,财富;极贵重的物品,珍品
1.A　考查细节句。空前提到柴林对自行车的喜爱从20世纪60年代就开始了,空后提到为了获得足够的钱,他利用自己在写作和绘画方面的天赋创作艺术品并在街上售卖,故空处应涉及柴林当时买自行车遇到的困难,A项"然而,在那个时代,自行车是奢侈品"符合语境。
2.E　考查细节句。空前提到通过他的努力和家人的"众筹",柴林在1980年得到了一辆英国制造的自行车,由此可推断,空处应与柴林得到自行车后的心情或做法等有关,故E项"柴林太珍惜这辆自行车了,以至于他不愿意骑它"能承接上文。
3.G　考查过渡句。空前提到柴林对自行车的热爱并没有消退,空后提到这些物品给他带来了巨大的满足感,故空处内容应涉及柴林对自行车的热爱是如何被满足的,G项"他开始收集来自世界各地的不同品牌、不同年代的自行车"承上启下。空后的"The items"指代G项中的"bikes of various brands and ages"。
4.F　考查过渡句。上文提到柴林收集来自世界各地的自行车,空后提到在当地政府的支持下,柴林投资建立了一家自行车博物馆,F项"随着他的收藏品的不断增多,他没有空间去放置自行车了"是上文中柴林的做法带来的结果,也是他成立博物馆的原因。
【易错点拨】　B项"他萌生了建立自行车博物馆的想法"虽与本段主旨一致,但是与上文内容不衔接,且与下文的"he decided to invest money in a museum for the bikes"重复,故可排除。
5.C　考查细节句。根据空后提到的现在一个VR装置可供游客体验乘坐不同类型自行车的感觉可知,空处应与博物馆内部的情况有关,故C项"柴林不断升级博物馆内的设施"符合语境。
考点2　标题句、主题句和结论句
话题:与宠物亲近　主题语境:人与自然　核心素养:思维品质　词数:约326
[2022山东聊城一模]Having a pet can be a magical moment for a lot of people. Welcoming a new furry guest in your life conveys a feeling of bliss unmatched by anything else. Unfortunately, many new pet owners can take a while to adjust with their pets and struggle to bond with them.　1　 According to celebrity dog trainer Nicole Ellis, certain steps will help you get closer to your pet and eventually become its best friend.
It goes without saying that spending time with your pets can greatly help you bond with them. Cats, dogs, and other animals love to be included in the activities of their human companions. Whether it is going on errands or just chilling at home watching a movie, make sure your furry friends are with you and enjoying themselves. 　 2　
Another thing to keep in mind is that playtime between an owner and their pets is the best way to bond and share wonderful moments together. It is important to know what type of play your pets enjoy. Just like each individual is different, animals are different from each other too. 　3　 Not only would these activities keep them in good health and stave off boredom, but they would go a long way towards making you and your pets closer.
　 4　 Whether you're teaching them a simple command like "Sit!" or teaching them a more complex backflip and dance, your pet is sure to enjoy your company and would love you all the more for it. Training would also ease frustration as your pets would grow to be more obedient and well-behaved. 　5　
Passage 1
A.In time, you'll be inseparable.
B.Just be sure to reward them after.
C.Training would boost your confidence.
D.All the animals don't like the same activities.
E.Explore and figure out what would be the best activities.
F.Most people forget that training the pets and teaching them tricks is a healthy way.
G.It is important that you and your furry friend have a healthy and loving relationship.
Passage 1
【考点突破】　七选五有些设空简明地概括了一个段落的主要内容,或突出了某个段落的主题,或是对某个段落的总结,它们分别称为标题句、主题句和结论句。标题句一般自成一行,根据设空位置很容易分辨出来;主题句大多数情况下是在段首,有时也在段尾;结论句基本上都是在段尾。三者考查的都是考生的概括能力。
解答段落标题句这类试题时,首先应根据设空位置判断出考查的是段落小标题,即考查对下文段落主要内容的总结归纳;其次,结合下文找出中心句和关键词句,特别留意but,therefore,however等词后的句子;最后,识别关键词和哪个选项呼应。段落标题句一般短小精悍,一旦中心意思匹配,该选项即是答案。
段落主题句或结论句通常言简意赅,能够高度概括某段的大意或总结某段或全文的主要内容。考生应快速阅读整个段落,把握大意,选择能够体现整段主要意思或能够总结本段所讲内容的选项,最后还要带入原文检验是否与整篇文章的结构及大意相符。
答案
这是一篇说明文,主要介绍了一些和宠物建立亲密关系的方法。
1.G　考查过渡句。根据上文中的"many new pet owners can take a while to adjust with their pets and struggle to bond with them"可知,许多新养宠物的人需要一段时间来适应和他们的宠物相处,并努力与它们建立亲密的关系;根据下文中的"certain steps will help you get closer to your pet and eventually become its best friend"可知,一些步骤可以帮助你和你的宠物更亲近,并最终成为它最好的朋友。空处承上启下,说明你和宠物建立怎样的关系,G项"你和你毛茸茸的朋友之间有一个健康而有爱的关系是很重要的"符合语境,且G项中的"relationship"与上文中的"bond"相呼应,故选G。
2.A　考查结论句。根据上文可知,你要确保你的宠物和你待在一起并且玩得开心。本空为本段最后一句,应说明这一做法带来的结果,A项"假以时日,你们会形影不离"符合语境,故选A。
3.E　考查细节句。下文提到了"these activities",那么本空应与"这些活动"有关,E项"探索并找出最好的活动"符合语境,且与上文中的"know what type of play your pets enjoy"相呼应,故选E。
4.F　考查主题句。根据下文中的"Whether you're teaching them a simple command...well-behaved" 可知,本段主要介绍了训练宠物的相关内容,F项"大多数人忘记了训练宠物和教它们一些技巧是一种健康的方式"能概括本段的主旨,且F项中的"training"和"teaching"与下文中的"teaching"和"Training"相呼应,故选F。
5.B　考查细节句。根据上文中的"Training would also ease frustration...well-behaved"可知,训练还可以减轻失落感,它们会变得更听话、更守规矩。本空为本段最后一句,应承接上文,且根据生活常识可知,训练后一定要给宠物奖励。B项符合语境,故选B。
话题:艺术疗法　主题语境:人与社会　核心素养:学习能力　词数:约279
[2022广东深圳一调]Oscar Wilde once said, "Man is least himself when he talks in his own person. Give him a mask, and he will tell you the truth." Art provides a way to communicate experiences when people lack verbal skills. 　1　 Art therapy is founded on the assumption that everyone is creative and capable of self-expression.
2　 As a restorative practice, it allows people to express themselves in non-verbal ways, such as drawing and painting. Even a 45-minute creative activity can change a person's mental state. Working with an art therapist does even more. 　 3　
Young children typically draw and sing and dance without worrying about their abilities. Adults, however, often have complex feelings about art and art making. They begin to evaluate the quality of their art instead of focusing on self-expression itself. 　4　 However, art therapists can guide people in expressing themselves without worrying whether their artwork is technically brilliant, so that they can connect or reconnect with the artworks that help them deal with life challenges.
What are art therapists' super powers They can channel dangerous thoughts into imaginative artworks. For instance, people with violent tendencies might let out their anger by hitting another human being. 　5　 These artistic choices satisfy the brain's desire for novelty without compromising personal safety.
Passage 2
A.Art therapy is a double-edged sword.
B.Thus, many benefits of creative self-expression are lost.
C.They develop art as an expressive skill for solving problems.
D.But, obviously, releasing their anger in this way isn't a good choice.
E.Art therapy, in its own ways, can influence a range of human functioning.
F.It can significantly enhance positive moods and boost measures of well-being.
G.However, with art therapists' help, their energy could be changed into creative products.
本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了艺术疗法的概念及其作用。
Passage 2
答案
【核心单词】　restorative adj. 恢复健康的,促使康复的 　typically adv. 一般;典型地 complex adj. 复杂的　evaluate v. 评估 　 technically adv. 在技术上,在技巧上　 novelty n. 新奇,新颖　 compromise v. 放弃(原则), 在……方面妥协; 使陷入危险;危及
【核心短语】 verbal skills 语言技能　 be founded on以……为基础 　 be capable of 有能力 let out 释放
【合成词】　non-verbal adj. 非语言的
【熟词新义】　channel 常用义:n. 频道;航道 文章义:v. 引导,贯注
He channels his aggression into sport. 他把他的好斗劲头倾注于体育比赛之中。
【难句分析】　However, art therapists can guide people in expressing themselves without worrying whether their artwork is technically brilliant, so that they can connect or reconnect with the artworks that help them deal with life challenges.
分析:这是一个主从复合句。whether引导从句作worrying的宾语,是一个宾语从句;so that引导结果状语从句,该从句中又含有一个定语从句,先行词是artworks,that引导定语从句并在从句中作主语。
译文:但是,艺术治疗师能引导人们在无须担心自己的艺术作品是否技艺高超的情况下表达自己,这样他们就能与自己的艺术作品产生联系或重新联系,而这些作品能够帮助他们应对生活的挑战。
【高级句式】　Art therapy is founded on the assumption that everyone is creative and capable of self-expression.
　　 分析:本句中的that引导的是同位语从句。
1.C　考查过渡句。根据上文可知,当无法用语言表达自己的经历的时候人们可以使用艺术的形式来表达,故本句是在说明人们将艺术发展成了一种表达技巧,C项中的"They"指的是上文中的"people",且"expressive skill"与上文中的"lack verbal skills"相呼应。空后的"艺术疗法建立在每个人都有创造力和自我表达能力的假设上"也是对空处的承接。故选C。
2.E　考查主题句。根据下文可知,作为一种恢复健康的练习,艺术疗法使得人们可以用非语言的方式表达自己,比如绘画。此外,即使是45分钟的创造性活动也能改变一个人的精神状态。这说明艺术可以影响一系列的人类功能。故选E。
3.F　考查结论句。根据上文可知,即使是45分钟的创造性活动也能改变一个人的精神状态,与艺术治疗师一起活动甚至可以产生更大的影响。F项符合本段主题,且能够对上文进行总结,故选F。
4.B　考查过渡句。根据上文中的"They begin...instead of focusing on self-expression itself"可知,成年人往往评估自己的艺术质量,而不是关注自我表达本身,这样造成的结果就是创造性自我表达的许多优势就丢失了。B项承接上文,同时又与下文形成转折关系,故选B。
5.G　考查细节句。根据上文可知,艺术治疗师可以把危险的想法转化成富有想象力的艺术作品,接着举例说明有暴力倾向的人可能会通过打别人来发泄他们的愤怒。G项表述与上文构成转折关系,指出在艺术治疗师的帮助下,有暴力倾向的人将精力转化成有创造性的艺术作品,故选G。
话题:建立新的人际关系　主题语境:人与社会　核心素养:思维品质　词数:约331
[2022江苏南通一调]Every day, a lot of people move house. With newfound appreciation for space and air, it may suddenly have seemed as if a new kind of life was possible. 　1　 Here's some expert advice on how to build a new community.
　 2 　
Ask people you already know if they could introduce you to anyone in the location to which you are moving. The posting on social media is probably the easiest way to tap your friends' friends. It increases the chance that there's someone you will get along with.
Don't expect friends to magically appear.
　 3　 People really need to take the initiative to go out there and meet other people and not assume that friends are just going to fall into their lives. As people become familiar to us, we like them more, and it's completely unconscious.
Be open to a broader range of people.
You have spent a lifetime narrowing your social circle to those you really care about, but the chances are you're not going to meet new best friends in your new area instantly. When it comes to friendships, having close friends is one of the best things we can do for our health and well-being. But even having brief interactions with people in general benefits us. 　 4　
Passage 3
Don't despair.
Remember to maintain pre-existing friendships, so that you're not feeling lonely and disconnected while developing new relationships.
5　 But people don't realize that if they put themselves out there, the process can go faster than they think. It really makes a difference if you're willing to attend different events; you can really change your social life.
A.Make a public appeal.
B.Put some work in before you move.
C.Quality is best, but quantity still does something.
D.It can take a long time to build up new friendships.
E.But now the pandemic has made it harder to connect with strangers.
F.It doesn't necessarily mean you made the wrong decision on the move.
G.We tend to think friendships happen naturally, but that's a huge misconception.
Passage 3
本文是一篇说明文,主要介绍了专家给出的关于如何在新社区与他人相识相知的建议,包括在搬家前通过朋友介绍结识新朋友和广泛结交社区的朋友等。
1.E　考查过渡句。根据上句可知,搬到新居让人们感觉到似乎要开始新的生活模式了;根据下句可知,下文介绍的是有关如何构建新的社区关系的专家建议。据此可以推知,空处与上文构成转折,说明社区中人们沟通的困难情况。故E项正确。
2.B　考查标题句。根据该空位置可知,该空为第二段的小标题;由第二段首句可知,建议让你了解的人将你介绍给新搬到的社区中的某个人;据此可知,该段主要建议在搬家前做好准备工作。
3.G　考查主题句。根据该段小标题可知,该段主要内容为"不要指望朋友会如魔法般出现";G项意为"我们倾向于认为友谊会自然地出现,但是那是一个巨大的误解",与小标题对应。
4.C　考查结论句。根据空处前两句可知,有好朋友固然有益于身心健康,但泛泛之交总体来说也对我们有好处。空处总结上文,说明质量固然重要,但数量也起作用。
5.D　考查细节句。根据上句可知,在结识新朋友的时候,要和老朋友保持联系,这样才不会孤独;D项中的"new friendships"与上句中的"new relationships"对应,说明结识新朋友要花很长时间,故D项符合语境。
答案
话题:建立自我价值感　主题语境:人与自我　核心素养:思维品质　词数:约334
[2022山东济宁一模]When Ken was in high school, he did well and had a strong sense of accomplishment. However, when he was in college, his grades were not so outstanding among academically gifted students much like himself, if not better. Often he felt depressed and withdrew from people and activities. 　 1　
The literature generally has found that many of us tend to let our self-worth be contingent (依情况而定的) upon external events (such as academics and physical attractiveness). 　2　 As a result, our feelings about ourselves can end up being in the hands of others.
Obviously, we all want to experience things that make us feel good. But when we have contingent self-worth, we might engage in activities that make us feel worthy while avoiding activities that make us feel unworthy. 　3　 Instead of working hard to meet our goals, we'll try to avoid failure. And if we do fail one day, we might abandon our goals, lose motivation, or make excuses to help ourselves feel better.
　 4　 If our self-worth is contingent upon being successful at work, we might only choose jobs that are easy. That way, we never fail and ensure that we always know that we are worthy. Or, maybe we only think we're worthy if we weigh less than 130 pounds. We might engage in unhealthy eating practices just to make sure that we feel good.
Passage 4
Self-worth is an important psychological construct that not only affects how we think about ourselves but also has an impact on our psychological health and functioning. So, give up the idea of seeking approval from others. 　 5　 Doing so reminds us to be fully aware of who we are.
A.That may pose potential dangers.
B.Unfortunately, he is no exception.
C.When our self-worth depends on those, it's unstable.
D.Let's cite some examples to further demonstrate that.
E.Let's dive into the cause to learn more about self-worth.
F.Actually, he's always been labeled as "other people's child".
G.Instead, learn to base your self-worth on internal contingencies like virtues and faith.
Passage 4
【核心单词】　academically adv. 学术上地;学业上地　 withdraw v. 退出　 external adj. 外界的,外来的　
pose v. 引起,产生　 cite v. 提及(原因),举出(示例)
【难句分析】　Self-worth is an important psychological construct that not only affects how we think about ourselves but also has an impact on our psychological health and functioning.
　　分析:本句是一个主从复合句,句中含有一个定语从句,先行词是construct,that引导该定语从句并在从句中作主语,从句中使用了"not only...but also..."结构连接两个并列的谓语动词。
译文:自我价值感是一个重要的心理构建,它不仅影响我们如何看待自己,而且对我们的心理健康和功能也有影响。
答案
本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了如何建立正确的自我价值感。
1.B　考查过渡句。本段以Ken为例,介绍了他在高中的时候做得很好,但是在大学时期,他的成绩在像他一样有学术天赋的学生中并不突出,因此他感到沮丧,甚至远离人群和活动;根据第二段第一句话可知,许多人倾向于让我们的自我价值感取决于外部事件,由此说明Ken的情况并不是例外,是普遍存在的。B选项承上启下,符合语境,故选B。
2.C　考查细节句。根据上文可知,许多人倾向于让我们的自我价值感取决于外部事件;根据下文可知,因此,我们对自己的认同感可能最终掌握在别人手中。本句承接上文,说明让我们的自我价值感取决于外部事件的后果或影响,C选项符合语境,且C选项中"those"指代上文中的"external events",故选C。
3.A　考查细节句。根据第三段前两句话可知,显然,我们都想经历让我们感觉良好的事情。但当我们的自我价值感取决于外部事件时,我们可能会参与让我们感到有价值的活动,而避免让我们感到价值感缺失的活动;本空承接上文说明这一行为带来的结果,那就是"会带来潜在的危险",A选项符合语境,故选A。
4.D　考查主题句。本段主要通过一些例子来论证上文提到的"人们会参加让自己感到有价值的活动,而避免那些价值感缺失的活动",故D选项"让我们引用一些例子来进一步证明这一点"符合语境,故选D。
5.G　考查细节句。根据上文可知,自我价值感不仅影响我们如何看待自己,而且对我们的心理健康和功能也有影响。所以,应该放弃从外部获得认同感的想法,与之相反,应该学会把自我价值感建立在内在的偶发因素上,比如美德和信心,G选项符合语境,故选G。
话题:英语电影预告片　主题语境:人与社会　核心素养:语言能力　词数:约326
[2022河北邯郸一模]It has been shown that watching English movie trailers(预告片) can improve your English vocabulary and thinking skills. 　 1　
The first step is to find them. Go to a search website and do a search for something like "official trailers". Several film trailers will appear. 2 　 Animated films can be an especially good choice for English practice no matter how old you are. These films are usually humorous and relatable. To find animated films, try doing a search for something like "animated official trailers".
Make sure the video you choose offers closed captions(字幕), which you will use later. You can find the closed caption mark at the bottom of the video. It may be listed as "CC" or something else. Keep in mind that trailers more than five or seven years old may not offer closed captions on some video websites.　 3　
Next, watch the video at a normal speed without closed captions. Try to understand what the story is about overall. Then watch it again to seek more details. 　 4　 It will give you an idea of whether the dialogue is too fast or difficult for your skill level.
　 5 Find the "CC" setting at the bottom of the video and click the captions. This can help you in several ways. You can confirm whether you understand the dialogue in your first viewing, make clearer any dialogue you do not understand, and connect the sound of words with their spellings. You can also write down a few of the new words in a notebook or on your mobile phone.
Passage 5
A.So choose newer videos.
B.You can choose some that look interesting.
C.They may sound a little strange at a slower speed.
D.With this method, you are testing your English skills.
E.Then watch the video again, this time with closed captions.
F.Besides, try using your notebook as you learn English in your everyday life.
G.Now let's talk about steps you can take to get the most out of watching them.
这是一篇说明文,介绍了如何通过看英语电影的预告片来提高英语水平。
1.G　考查过渡句。根据上文可知,看英语电影预告片可以扩大英语词汇量并改善思维能力,下文则介绍了具体的步骤,所以G项承上启下,故选G项。
Passage 5
答案
2.B　考查细节句。根据下文可知,不管你年龄多大,看动画电影都是练习英语的好选择,这些电影通常都很幽默,让人产生共鸣,因此B项"你可以选择一些看起来有趣的电影预告片"符合语境,故选B项。
3.A　考查细节句。本段首句为段落主题句,提出我们要选择带字幕的影片;再根据空前一句"Keep in mind that trailers more than five or seven years old may not offer closed captions on some video websites"可知,超过5或7年的预告片可能没有字幕,所以要选择新一点的视频,A项承接上文,故选A项。
4.D　考查细节句。根据空后的"It will give you an idea of whether the dialogue is too fast or difficult for your skill level"可知,它会让你了解预告片中的对话对你的技能水平来说是太快还是太难,空处应与英语技能测试有关,D项"你可以用这种方法测试你的英语技能"符合语境,且D项中的"your English skills"与空后的"your skill level"相呼应,故选D项。
5.E　考查主题句。空处是段落主题句。上一段介绍的步骤是"以正常速度观看视频,不要看字幕",那么空处承接上文,介绍接下来的一个步骤;又根据下文的"Find the ‘CC’ setting at the bottom of the video and click the captions. This can help you in several ways"可知,找到在视频底部的‘CC’设置,并点击字幕,这可以在几个方面帮助你,由此可知,E项"然后再看一遍视频,这次关掉字幕"符合语境,故选E项。
话题:让自己行动起来　主题语境:人与自我　核心素养:学习能力　词数:约358
[2022山东青岛质检]How do you get yourself to take action now Here are some powerful suggestions.
Focus intensely on the positive things that your actions will accomplish. 　 1　 Whether it's something you're seeking to accomplish, or something you're seeking to be rid of, picture exactly how your life will be after the work is done. The more intensely you can imagine it, the better.
　 2 The only real reason you have for avoiding action is that you associate some kind of pain or discomfort with it. Therefore, it helps to associate something even more painful with not taking action. Instead of focusing on the relatively minor pain of taking action, focus on the major pain of not taking action.
　 3　 Think of all the reasons you can come up with for not taking action, and then destroy all those reasons with a single word — "BUT". Simply state the excuse, put the word "BUT" after it, and then finish the sentence. For example, "I've never done this before, BUT I can learn."Stick the word "BUT" in there, and challenge yourself to finish the sentence.
Take the first small step. Don't even concern yourself with committing to the whole project or course of action. Just do something very easy and very small. The point is to find a little momentum(动力). 　 4　 Then climb aboard the momentum train, and let it help you keep the effort going.
Passage 6
Make it fun. Realize that just about anything can be fun if you'll think of it as fun and enjoyable. Find a way to make something fun, and not only will you want to do it, you'll also be better at it. 　 5
A.You always choose what to do.
B.Lay all your excuses out on the table and deal with them.
C.In your mind, picture in great detail what your actions will bring you.
D.Whatever you must do to achieve success, find a way to enjoy it.
E.Focus on the negative things that will happen if you don't take action.
F.Getting started with your biggest task or most difficult action may seem too much.
G.Once you take that small action, let yourself fully enjoy how great it feels.
Passage 6
【核心单词】 discomfort n. 不适　relatively adv. 相当程度上,相当地,相对地　minor adj. 不严重的;较小的;次要的
【核心短语】　seek to do sth. 设法做某事　 be rid of 摆脱 　come up with 提出　 concern oneself with 关心;担心　 lay out 清晰谨慎地提出;铺开
【难句分析】 Whether it's something you're seeking to accomplish, or something you're seeking to be rid of, picture exactly how your life will be after the work is done.
分析:本句是一个主从复合句,"whether...or..."意为"不管……还是……",引导让步状语从句;"you're seeking to accomplish"和"you're seeking to be rid of"都是定语从句;主句是一个祈使句,"how your life will be"是宾语从句, "after the work is done"是时间状语从句。
译文:不管你是在努力完成一件事,还是在努力摆脱一件事,确切地想象一下在工作完成之后你的生活会是什么样子。
答案
本文是一篇说明文。文章提供了一些让读者采取行动的建议。
1.C　考查细节句。本段的首句是主题句。根据下文可知,不管你是在努力完成一件事,还是在努力摆脱一件事,想象一下工作完成后你的生活会怎样,说明本空是在建议人们:想象你的行动会给你带来什么结果。故选C项。
2.E　考查主题句。根据下文可知,你不愿行动的唯一的真正原因是你将行动与可能产生的痛苦或不适联系到了一起;与其把注意力放在采取行动产生的相对较轻的痛苦上,不如集中在不采取行动会带来的主要痛苦上,所以本段的建议是"把注意力集中在如果你不采取行动将会发生的消极的事情上",故选E项。
3.B　考查主题句。根据下文可知,本段主要是关于不愿采取行动的各种借口以及如何将借口转化为行动,所以主题句应该和借口相关,B项"把你所有的借口都摆出来,然后处理它们"符合语境,故选B项。
4.G　考查细节句。本段的主题是"迈出一小步"。根据上文可知,作者建议人们不要担心整个项目或者行动过程,而是应该从小事做起,从容易的事情做起,这样就能获得一点动力,而G选项承接上文,且该选项中的"that small action"与上文中的"something very easy and very small"相呼应。故选G项。
5.D　考查结论句。本段的主题是"让它变得有趣"。本段主要是在建议人们体验行动的乐趣,D选项"无论你必须做什么来获得成功,找到一种享受它的方式"符合语境。故选D项。
话题:正念饮食　主题语境:人与自我　核心素养:思维品质　词数:约303
[2022名师原创]Losing ourselves in the chaos of daily life has become a lot more common for so many people around the world. So people often ignore an important thing — healthy eating habits. 　 1　 In order to fight against these problems, we highly recommend mindful eating.
Eating with your non-dominant hand is a great way to stop you from overeating. As this isn't something the brain is used to, it'll force you to slow down and thus allow you to be a lot more conscious of the food you are eating.　 2　
It's so common for people to eat on the move between their busy schedules. 　 3　 Yet many of us still do it. Eating on the run and swallowing(咽下) food without chewing it well can result in indigestion. Chew each bite of food up to 30 times before swallowing.
When it comes to eating, you should give your undivided attention to the food you eat, which means you should turn off any electronic devices. 　 4　 Technological devices should not be a distraction(使人分心的事) from any mindful eating practices. So while eating, be sure the TV is off and keep away from your cellphone.
　 5　 Sometimes, you rush through the day and only eat when the opportunity arises. Always make sure you are on a chair while eating your meals; otherwise you are less likely to truly appreciate the food on your plate. One part of mindful eating is about doing nothing else while you're eating.
Passage 7
A.You should sit down and eat.
B.Don't multitask while eating.
C.This is never a good eating habit.
D.You're accustomed to eating while moving.
E.This tip applies to nearly everyone in this day and age.
F.It's also an effective way for those wanting to lose weight.
G.This can lead to weight gain and even physical and mental illness.
本文是说明文。文章介绍了如何做到正念饮食。
Passage 7
答案
【核心单词】　mindful adj.注意的,留心的　indigestion n.消化不良(症)
【核心短语】　be conscious of 意识到　on the move 在行进中,在移动中　rush through仓促处理
1.G　考查细节句。空前提到"因此人们经常忽视一件重要的事情——健康的饮食习惯",再结合空后的"these problems"可知,空处应提到忽视健康的饮食习惯导致的一些后果,故选G项"这会导致体重增加,甚至引发身体和心理疾病"。
2.F　考查细节句。本段讲述用不常用的手吃饭的好处——防止吃得过多,空处位于段尾,也应与其好处相关,故选F项"对于想减肥的人来说,这也是一种有效的方法"。
3.C　考查细节句。空前提到"人们在繁忙的行程中边走边吃东西是很常见的",空后提到"但我们中的很多人仍然这样做。匆忙进食且没有经过充分咀嚼就咽下食物会导致消化不良",故空处应是对空前做法的否定,故选C项"这绝不是一个好的饮食习惯"。
4.E　考查细节句。空前提到"吃饭的时候要关闭所有的电子设备",故E项"在当今这个时代,这条建议几乎适用于每一个人"符合语境。
5.A　考查主题句。空处位于段首,是段落主题句。根据下文中的"Always make sure you are on a chair while eating your meals"可知,本段主要讲述要坐着吃饭。故选A。
话题:忧郁的周一　主题语境:人与自我　核心素养:文化意识　词数:约323
[2022名师原创]Ask most people which day of the week they fear the most and the answer is likely to be Monday. The first day of the working week can make us depressed.　 1　
The most depressing day of the year is the third Monday in January, when it's cold and dark outside. This day was named "Blue Monday" by psychologist Cliff Arnall. Even if there was little science behind Blue Monday, it's probably true that the sound of our alarm clock on any Monday morning means the coming of a new working week and possibly the end of our weekend of fun. 　 2 　 It's what psychologists call an emotional shift, and no other part of the week has a transition(过渡) like it.
Apparently, Monday means the end of weekend lie-ins. 　 3 　 According to a website, "If you can't stand your job, then the Monday blues can be very real." And it can be especially difficult to start another seemingly endless workweek. Your case of the Mondays can have a negative impact on your performance, productivity and the people around you.
　 4 　 Feeling a bit low shouldn't be confused with more serious depression, caused by other factors. Claudia Hammond, an author and presenter, argues that this low feeling might be untrue. 　 5　 She mentions an Australian study of how people reflected on their mood and found the day that scored the lowest was in fact Wednesday. So, when Monday comes, maybe we should give it a second chance!
Passage 8
A.But is Monday as bad as we like to think it is
B.What exactly makes us feel down remains unknown.
C.Weekends are definitely happy days in all countries.
D.That's why the feeling is described as the Monday blues.
E.There is a strong cultural idea that we don't like Mondays.
F.Our Monday mood can be based on a direct comparison with the day before.
G.It's back to the routine and the realization that there are five days of working ahead.
Passage 8
答案
本文是说明文。说到最害怕一周中的哪一天,很多人的回答可能都是"周一"。是什么让周一变得令人忧郁 周一真的那么糟糕吗
1.D　考查细节句。空前讲到工作周的第一天会让我们沮丧,D项承接上文,解释了上文提到的现象。
2.F　考查细节句。空后讲到这就是心理学家所说的情绪转变,根据句子结构可知,空处的内容对应后面的It且与情绪的变化有关,故选F项"我们周一的心情可能会基于与前一天的直接比较"。
3.G　考查细节句。空前提到周一意味着周末的睡懒觉时光结束了,所以空处可能会与周一的开始有关,故选G项。It指代上文的"Monday"。
4.A　考查主题句。空后讲到不应该把感觉有点低落和更严重的抑郁相混淆,这种低落的感觉可能是不真实的,在澳大利亚人们最不喜欢的一天是周三,说明周一并不是那么糟糕。A项"但是周一真的像我们想的那样糟糕吗 "可引出本段内容,最后一句是对这一问题的回答。
5.E　考查细节句。空前提到这种低落的感觉可能不真实,空后说在澳大利亚人们最不喜欢的一天是周三,故空处应提到我们不喜欢周一与文化观念有关,故选E项。
文体1　说明文
话题:如何足智多谋　主题语境:人与自我　核心素养:思维品质　词数:约337
[2022广东广州一测]How does it feel when you solve a problem by yourself Things may not always go as planned, but being resourceful can help you stay calm and work your way out of tricky situations.
Being resourceful means finding smart and creative ways to solve a problem, using whatever resources you have at the time. 　
1 They can also be anything else that's useful, such as information, advice or your own experience. It also means trusting your instincts, the ability you're born with, and being confident about your ability to face challenges. A resourceful person is not the one getting cross or panicking when something goes wrong. They're thinking about how to solve the problem.
　 2　 When you learn to solve problems by yourself rather than immediately going to others for help, it can help to build your confidence, help you feel more independent and feel better about making decisions. Being resourceful may not help you avoid problems, but thinking creatively about how you can deal with them will make you feel less stressed and more prepared next time. 　
3　 This can boost self-esteem, that is, how you feel about yourself.

Passage 1
When you're facing a challenge, try to focus on the actual problem rather than how you feel about it. Think about where and when it happens and what the causes are. Next, think up as many solutions to the problem as you can. 　 4　 Finally, review what has and hasn't worked, so you're equipped to deal with a situation next time.
And remember, if you have a tricky problem that you're unable to solve, then ask a trusted adult for help. 　5　 　 　
A.You also learn what you're good at.
B.Here is how you can be more resourceful.
C.These may be practical things like pens and paper.
D.No one is expected to solve all problems by himself.
E.Resourcefulness is a skill that's good for you in lots of ways.
F.They can be famous mottos that always inspire you to move on.
G.Weigh what's good and bad about each one and choose the best.　
Passage 1
答案
【核心单词】 resourceful adj.足智多谋的;机敏的　 tricky adj. 难办的　 boost v. 增强,使增长;使兴旺
1.C　考查细节句。根据空后一句中的"also""information, advice or your own experience"可知,此处应说一些不抽象的资源会是什么,C项"这些(资源)可能是像钢笔和纸之类的实用的东西"符合语境。
2.E　考查主题句。根据空处所在位置可以推断,空处可能为段落主旨句,再结合空后内容可知,本段主要讲足智多谋的好处,故选E项。
3.A　考查细节句。根据语境可知,此处也应描述足智多谋的益处,结合选项可知选A,且A项与空后的This相对应。
4.G　考查细节句。根据空前的"as many solutions to the problem as you can"和常识可知,此处应说接下来考虑每个解决方案的利弊并最终选出最好的。故选G。
5.D　考查细节句。空前提到如果你遇到了不能解决的棘手问题,你可以向信任的成年人求助。故D项(没有人被要求独立解决所有的问题)承接上句,解释向他人求助的原因。故选D。
本文主要介绍了足智多谋的益处以及在生活中如何做到足智多谋。

话题:应对气候变化　主题语境:人与自然　核心素养:文化意识　词数:约326
[2022湖北七市(州)调研]　 Three Things We Must Do to Tackle Climate Change
With world leaders meeting at the international climate change conference in Glasgow to discuss urgent global action to meet one of the greatest challenges, many people still don't know what must be done. 　 1　 However, the good news we get from the report is that it is not too late to avoid the worst impacts of climate change, if we respond rapidly and decisively. But how It comes down to the following three things.
Stop using fossil fuels gradually. 　 2　 That means no exploration, no new wells, mines, pipelines, or power plants. We already have a vast amount of fossil fuel infrastructure(基础设施), and it will take decades to end its use.
　 3　 Sun and wind are the fastest-growing new sources of energy we have. Their costs have fallen sharply, making them the least expensive options and encouraging the adoption of clean energy in more and more locations.
Protect the world's forests. Forests all over the world currently absorb about a third of the carbon dioxide our activities send out to the atmosphere. 　 4 　 And this must stop. To meet the planet's growing food needs, experts urge improved management practices on already-cleared land rather than clearing new land.

Passage 2
Finally, it is high time that we joined hands to protect the only home we have. If so, we can take on the challenge as we would whatever the difficulty is. 　 5 The three actions we suggest are essential for success.
A.Boost the development of new technology.
B.Speed up the use of clean, renewable energy.
C.The alarming messages released urged us to change our lifestyle.
D.To achieve this, we must allow no new development of coal, oil and gas.
E.The "code red" report from the conference greatly shocked many people.
F.We are on a mission to save planet Earth, its people and its natural wonders.
G.Tropical (热带的) forests are especially at risk and still being cleared for agricultural uses.
Passage 2
答案
本文主要讲述了应对气候变化的三个建议。
1.E　考查细节句。根据空后的"However, the good news we get from the report"可知,空后提到了报告中的好消息,E项"这个会议的‘红色代码’报告让许多人大吃一惊"与会议提出的报告有关,且与空后一句构成转折关系,符合语境,故选E。
2.D　考查过渡句。空前一句"Stop using fossil fuels gradually"为本段主题句,说明了为了应对气候变化,我们要逐步停止使用化石燃料,D项中的"To achieve this"承接上文,且" coal, oil and gas"属于化石燃料;而"我们绝不允许开发新的煤炭、石油和天然气"也就意味着"没有新的油井、矿山、管道或发电厂",D项又引起下文,故选D。
3.B　考查主题句。根据空后的"Sun and wind are the fastest-growing new sources of energy we have"可知,日光和风力是我们拥有的增长最快的新能源,而太阳能和风能是清洁的可再生能源,因此B项"加快使用清洁的可再生能源"能够概括本段的主旨,故选B。
4.G　考查细节句。根据本段的主题句"Protect the world's forests"可知,本段介绍了保护森林的相关情况,G项内容与森林有关,且G项介绍了一种破坏森林的现象,与空后的"And this must stop"相衔接,故选G。
5.F　考查细节句。根据本段第一句话"Finally, it is high time that we joined hands to protect the only home we have"可知,作者在最后号召大家携起手来保护我们唯一的家园,F项提出了我们的使命是拯救地球、地球上的人民和地球上的自然奇观,因此作者介绍的以上三个行动对成功至关重要,F项符合语境,故选F。
话题:缓解惊恐性障碍　主题语境:人与自我　核心素养:思维品质　词数:约304
[2022福建福州质检]If you have been diagnosed with panic disorder, then you have likely experienced constant fear and anxiety. Research has shown that using relaxation techniques can help reduce nervousness.
Some common techniques include breathing exercises or yoga. 　 1　 Another powerful one is visualization, which can help you relieve stress. It involves using mental imagery to achieve a more relaxed state of mind.
Similar to daydreaming, visualization is accomplished through the use of your imagination. There are reasons why visualization can help you cope with panic disorder or panic attacks. 　 2　 When experiencing a panic attack, you may focus on the worry, the worst things that can happen and other concerns that only add to your sense of fearfulness. Visualization works to expand your ability to relax by focusing your mind on more calming images.
Before visualization, make sure your environment is set up for your comfort. To better relax, get rid of any distractions (分心的事物), such as phones, pets or TV. 　 3　 Remove any heavy jewelry or restricting clothing. Get ready to relax by either sitting or lying down in a position that makes you feel the most comfortable. 4 Feel free to change it to better suit your needs and imagination.
Passage 3
5　 Through regular practice, you will more easily be able to use visualization when you really need it, such as when you start feeling the physical symptoms of panic and anxiety.
A.Take your time and slowly open your eyes.
B.Then you may begin your visualization exercise.
C.If the scene doesn't fit you, try your own visualization.
D.They are relatively easy to learn and can be practiced daily.
E.Consider how your thoughts wander when you feel panic or anxiety.
F.Try to find a quiet place where you will most likely be undisturbed.
G.To get better at visualization, try practicing at least several times a day.

Passage 3
答案
本文主要讲了缓解惊恐性障碍的方法——可视化(visualization)的注意事项。
1.D　考查细节句。结合空后一句"Another powerful one is visualization"可知,空处应该会承接上一句,上一句讲到了"常见的技巧包括呼吸练习或瑜伽",因此,空处应该是对这些练习的描述,故D项"它们相对容易学习,并且(你)可以每天练习"符合语境。
2.E　考查过渡句。空前一句讲到了"可视化可以帮助你应对惊恐性障碍或惊恐发作是有多种原因的",因此,空处应该会开始讲述原因,再结合空后的"当经历惊恐发作时,你可能会关注焦虑等"可知,E项"当你感到恐慌或焦虑的时候,想想你的思维是怎样游走的"能够引出下文,故E项符合语境。
3.F　考查细节句。根据本段的中心句即第一句可知,本段主要讲述了可视化练习之前应创建一个舒适的环境,且空前空后均讲到了创造舒适环境的措施,故F项"试着找一个你最不可能被打扰的安静之地"符合语境。
4.B　考查细节句。根据空前一句中的"Get ready to relax by either sitting or lying down in a position"可知,一切已经就绪,因此,空处应该会讲到你可以开始可视化练习了,故B项符合语境。
5.G　考查主题句。上一段讲到一切已经就绪可以开始可视化练习了,空后一句讲到"Through regular practice",因此,空处应该会讲到要多进行可视化练习,故G项符合语境。
话题:关于阅读的建议　主题语境:人与自我　核心素养:学习能力　词数:约319
[2022浙江杭州二模]Reading is essential but how can one choose the right books to read and where can one find them A few famous people may give you some helpful tips.
Read books from past eras.
　 1　 Otherwise, you'd be "completely dependent on the prejudices and fashions of your times", just as Albert Einstein put it. "Somebody who reads only newspapers and at best books of contemporary authors looks to me like an extremely near-sighted person who scorns(鄙视) eyeglasses, "he said.
　 2