2023版高考英语一轮复习新题精练专题三完形填空课件(231张ppt）

(共231张PPT)
专题三 完形填空
考点1　语境语义
【考点突破】　完形填空对语境语义的考查体现在要求考生结合上下文内容和空处所在句子的意思选出合适的单词或短语。做这类题时,考生需要整体上把握文章内容,弄清文章的发展脉络和感情基调,明确句子与句子之间的关联,对空处所在句子的意思进行合乎逻辑的推断,从而选出最符合语境语义的答案。
话题:坚持写作　主题语境:人与自我　核心素养:学习能力　词数:约223
[2022江苏南京、盐城二模]After the publication of my first two books, I sent my publisher Summer of the Wolves. I’d written it with great passion, filled with 　 1　. But the publisher 　 2　 it. I sent it to two or three other publishers. The 　3　 results!
I thought this novel must be really bad and cried for three days. I 　4　 the novel. But I couldn’t stop 　 5　. In a few years, I focused on my skills and 　 6　 a few more with agencies.
One day, a 　7　 asked, "Do you have anything else " And yes, I did — Summer of the Wolves. "Send it to me," she said. So I did. A few weeks later, she 　8　 my rewriting it in the first person.It had been written in two voices in the third person. Therefore, that was a(n) 　 9　 amount of work to me. But I was willing to take the 　 10　. Two months later, she 　11　 me when it was published and asked me to write another one. I couldn’t believe 　 12　 was knocking at my door.
I am not a great talent, but I am a 　 13　 worker. I’ve published 11 novels but written 15. Will those other four ever 　14　 the light of day I hope so. I keep working and never give up. It is a 　 15　 not a short race.
1. A.strength B.confidence C.imagination D.gratitude
2. A.admired B.delayed C.accepted D.rejected
3.A.normal B.desired C.same D.satisfying
4. A.cut out B.burnt up C.tore apart D.put away
Cloze 1
注：属于本考点的试题用 突出标记。
5. A.thinking B.crying C.writing D.complaining
6. A.translated B.released C.edited D.revised
7. A.publisher B.follower C.reporter D.reader
8. A.excused B.allowed C.suggested D.appreciated
9. A.proper B.exact C.small D.fair
10. A.challenge B.reality C.risk D.credit
11. A.comforted B.congratulated C.instructed D.bothered
12. A.success B.wealth C.fame D.courage
13. A.clever B.hard C.fast D.strict
14. A.feel B.reflect C.see D.absorb
15. A.marathon B.lesson C.competition D.transformation
【熟词新义】　fair 常用义:adj. 合理的,恰当的;秉公办事的,公正的　文章义:adj. (数量、大小)相当大的
A fair number of people came along. 有相当多的人来了。
1.B　考查语境语义。根据上文中的"I’d written it with great passion"可知,作者在写这本书时怀着很大的热情,因此她自信满怀。strength"力量";confidence"自信";imagination"想象力";gratitude"感谢"。故选B。
2.D　考查语境语义。根据空前的"But"和下文中的" I sent it to two or three other publishers"可知,作者的稿子被出版商拒绝了。admire"羡慕";delay"延期";accept"接受";reject"拒绝接受"。 故选D。
3.C　考查逻辑推理。根据下文中的"I thought this novel must be really bad and cried for three days"可知,作者想着这本小说一定写得很糟糕,为此伤心地哭了三天,由此可推知,作者把这本书寄给另外两三个出版商,结果是一样的,都被拒绝了。故选C。
4.D　考查固定搭配。根据上文可知,作者写的这本小说接连被出版商拒绝,她为此伤心不已,同时根据下文中的"But I couldn’t stop 　5　"可知,但是作者并没有停止写作,由此可推知,作者把这本小说收了起来。cut out"删掉其内容";burn up"被烧毁";tear apart"撕碎";put away"将……收起"。故选D。
5.C　考查语境语义。根据下文中的"In a few years, I focused on my skills"可知,在几年内,作者专注于自己的技能,由此可知,作者并没有停止写作。故选C。
答案
这是一篇记叙文,主要讲了作者在书稿接连被拒后没有放弃,而是坚持写作,在一位出版商的建议下修改书稿,最终成功出版的故事。
6.B　考查语境语义。根据上文可知,作者并没有停止写作。在几年内,她专注于自己的技能,并与代理机构一起又发行了一些作品。translate"翻译";release"发行";edit"编辑";revise"修正"。故选B。
7.A　考查逻辑推理。根据下文中的"Do you have anything else "和"Send it to me"可推知,此处应是一位出版商在问作者。publisher"出版商";follower"追随者";reporter"记者";reader"读者"。故选A。
8.C　考查生活常识。根据生活常识可知,出版商可以对作者的书稿提出修改建议;根据下文中的"It had been written in two voices in the third person"可知,这本书作者原本是用第三人称写的,现在出版商建议作者改用第一人称来重写。excuse"原谅";allow"允许";suggest"建议";appreciate"感激"。故选C。
9.D　考查生活常识。这本书作者原本是用第三人称写的,现在要改成第一人称重写,根据生活常识可知,这无疑是相当大的工作量。proper"合适的";exact"确切的";small"小型的";fair"(数量、大小)相当大的"。故选D。
10.A　考查语境语义。根据上文可知,作者觉得工作量相当大,是一个挑战;又根据下文中的"when it was published"可知,这本书被出版了,由此说明,作者愿意接受挑战。challenge"挑战";reality"真实";risk"危险";credit"信用"。故选A。
11.B　考查生活常识。根据下文中的"when it was published"可知,作者的书被出版了,出版商应是祝贺作者。comfort"安慰";congratulate "祝贺";instruct"指示";bother"打扰"。故选B。
12.A　考查语境语义。根据上文可知,作者之前的那本书接连被出版商拒绝,作者因此把它收了起来,现在重写后的书被出版了,作者获得了成功,而且这个出版商还请作者再写一本,她不敢相信成功在敲她的门。success"成功";wealth"财富";fame"名誉";courage "勇气"。故选A。
13.B　考查语境语义。根据上文中的"I am not a great talent"可知,作者不是一个很有天赋的人;但根据转折连词"but"和下文中的"I’ve published 11 novels but written 15"可以看出,作者很努力。故选B。
14.C　考查固定搭配。根据上文中的"I’ve published 11 novels but written 15 "可知,作者共写了15本书,出版了11本,因此此处表示"其他4本书还能出版吗"。see the light of day为固定搭配,表示"问世,诞生,出版"。故选C。
15.A　考查语境语义。根据上文中的"I keep working and never give up"和下文中的"not a short race"可知,作者坚持写作,永不放弃,对作者来说写作是一场马拉松赛跑,而不是短跑比赛。marathon"马拉松赛跑";lesson"一节课";competition"比赛";transformation"变化"。故选A。
话题:拯救动物　主题语境:人与自然　核心素养:文化意识　词数:约245
[2022河北唐山一模]I have been volunteering for Tri County Wildlife Care (TCWC) for 7 years. The job is emotionally demanding, and even more 　 1　 for a migraine(偏头痛)sufferer. So why do I throw myself into it Because at the most difficult time in my 　 2 , saving wildlife saved me too.
I have had migraines for as long as I can remember. Sometimes it was a(n) 　 3　to attend school. I would have to put my head 　4　 my desk to reduce the pain. So I chose to study at home. But being disconnected from the rest of the world made me feel 　5　.
"I can’t 　 6　 this anymore!" When Mum came to get me from the clinic, I nearly 　7　.
Then on our way back home, I 　 8　 a fallen nest. Two baby birds lay on the ground. Were they still alive I 　9　closer. Thankfully, they were 　 10　! "You’re going to be okay," I said to the birds. "I promise."
The next day Mum and I 　11　 took them to a wildlife care center. For the first time in a long time, I felt helpful instead of helpless. It was as if the baby birds 　 12　 for me was stronger than my pain. I did find something 　 13　 to do.
Then I began volunteering for TCWC. Every time I hold a bird in my hands, I feel a sense of 　 14　, because it brings me so much 　15　 to help these homeless animals.
1. A.puzzling B.comforting C.challenging D.interesting
2. A.training B.work C.study D.life
3. A.honour B.adventure C.struggle D.commitment
Cloze 2
4. A.into B.against C.above D.over
5. A.useless B.clumsy C.shallow D.fearless
6. A.stand B.own C.follow D.support
7. A.threw up B.broke down C.set out D.turned back
8. A.took B.caught C.destroyed D.spotted
9. A.jumped B.drove C.walked D.flew
10. A.singing B.breathing C.recovering D.waiting
11. A.gratefully B.carefully C.modestly D.frequently
12. A.need B.lack C.search D.love
13. A.necessary B.creative C.normal D.meaningful
14. A.victory B.regret C.gratitude D.guilt
15. A.trust B.justice C.imagination D.joy
本文是一篇记叙文,讲述了作者在生命中最困难的时候,拯救动物的同时也拯救了自己。
答案
1.C　考查语境语义。根据上文的"The job is emotionally demanding"可知,这项工作对情绪要求很高,对偏头痛患者来说更具挑战性。puzzling"令人困惑的";comforting"安慰的";challenging"具有挑战性的";interesting"有趣的"。故选C。
2.D　考查语境语义。作者在生命中最困难的时候,拯救野生动物也拯救了自己。故选D。
3.C　考查语境语义。根据下文的"I would have to put my head 　4　 my desk to reduce the pain"可知,作者偏头痛很严重,上学时要把头靠在桌子上才能减轻疼痛,所以上学有时对作者来说是一件难事。honour"荣誉";adventure"冒险";struggle"难事";commitment"承诺"。故选C。
4.B　考查生活常识。根据生活常识和下文的"to reduce the pain"可知,作者偏头痛很严重,他不得不把头靠在桌子上来缓解疼痛。against"紧靠,倚"符合语境,故选B。
5.A　考查生活常识。根据上文的"So I chose to study at home. But being disconnected from the rest of the world"可知,作者因为偏头痛而在家学习,这样他就与世界隔绝了;根据生活常识可推知,与世隔绝让作者觉得自己很没有用。useless"无用的";clumsy"笨拙的"; shallow"肤浅的";fearless"无畏的"。故选A。
6.A　考查语境语义。根据上文可知,作者偏头痛很严重,他因此在家学习,而与世隔绝的生活让他觉得自己很没有用,因此当作者的妈妈来接他离开诊所时,他几乎要失控痛哭,对妈妈说:"我再也受不了了!"。故选A。
7.B　考查固定搭配。参见上题解析。throw up"呕吐";break down"失控痛哭";set out"出发";turn back"折回,返回"。故选B。
8.D　考查语境语义。根据下文的"Two baby birds lay on the ground"可知,作者在回家的路上发现了一个掉落的鸟巢。spot"发现"符合语境,故选D。
9.C　考查生活常识。根据上文的"Were they still alive"和生活常识可知,作者想看它们是否还活着,所以走近一些去看,故选C。
10.B　考查语境语义。根据下文的"You’re going to be okay" "I promise"可知,小鸟还活着,它们还在呼吸,故选B。
11.B　考查逻辑推理。根据上文描述的作者的动作和话语可知,作者很疼惜这两只小鸟,因此他应是和妈妈小心翼翼地把它们带到一个野生动物保护中心。gratefully"感激地";carefully"小心地";modestly"谦虚地";frequently"频繁地"。故选B。
12.A　考查语境语义。根据上文的"For the first time in a long time, I felt helpful instead of helpless"可知,作者长久以来第一次感觉自己是有用的,而不是无助的,因为他感受到了两只小鸟对他的需要,这种感觉比他的疼痛更强烈。故选A。
13.D　考查语境语义。根据上文可知,严重的偏头痛让作者很痛苦,他也因此与世隔绝,这让他觉得自己很没有用,而救助这两只小鸟让作者感觉自己被需要,这种感觉比他的疼痛更强烈,作者因此找到了生活的意义。meaningful"有意义的"符合语境,故选D。
14.C　考查语境语义。根据上文的"I did find something 　13　 to do"可知,救助小鸟的经历让作者发现了一些有意义的事,即帮助无家可归的动物,所以每次作者把小鸟捧在手中的时候,他都感到一种感激之情。故选C。
15.D　考查逻辑推理。根据空后的"to help these homeless animals"可推知,帮助那些无家可归的动物带给作者的应是欢乐,故选D。
话题:公路探险　主题语境:人与自我　核心素养:思维品质　词数:约234
[2022广东揭阳与梅州丰顺县联考] There are many mysterious places in Pennsylvania! One of those is an old turnpike (收费高速公路)　 1　 for decades. My dad learned it was open to the public. 　2　, when I was 14, we took a bike trip to　 3　 this road!
My dad chose a 16-mile　 4　 of the road for us to ride. Part of it included an old tunnel called Sideling Hill! To 　5　, we checked our tires and made sure our lights had batteries. In the morning, we loaded our bikes into the car and set off. As we approached the tunnel, I felt　6　 as it was absolutely black inside! But Dad encouraged me. He said he would be beside me. He reminded me to stay　7　 and keep my light on!
When we　 8　 the tunnel, the sound of our bikes was heard through the darkness. I shone my flashlight around and saw walls　9　 with graffiti (涂鸦). And I felt like I was being 　10　! I was pretty scared, but 　11　 on following Dad helped me relax. After riding halfway through, I could see light coming from the other end!
Whenever going through 　 12　 in life, I remember this trip. It reminds me that my father is always beside me. He turns on the light of hope in my 　 13　 as well as gives me　 14　 to keep riding through life’s　15　 tunnels.
1. A.designed B.destroyed C.abandoned D.locked
2. A.However B.Otherwise C.Therefore D.Meanwhile
3. A.explore B.construct C.protect D.repair
4. A.tunnel B.section C.block D.course
Cloze 3
5. A.participate B.register C.cooperate D.prepare
6. A.excited B.nervous C.annoyed D.exhausted
7. A.silent B.curious C.cautious D.positive
8. A.approached B.observed C.left D.entered
9. A.covered B.buried C.absorbed D.dressed
10. A.forced B.watched C.abused D.judged
11. A.depending B.surviving C.calling D.focusing
12. A.accidents B.hardships C.regulations D.incidents
13. A.chest B.trip C.work D.heart
14. A.courage B.pride C.excitement D.enthusiasm
15. A.tricky B.distant C.dark D.long
1.C　考查语境语义。根据下文的"My dad learned it was open to the public. 　2　, when I was 14, we took a bike trip to 　3　 this road"可知,作者的爸爸知道这条收费高速公路是对公众开放的,并且当作者14岁的时候,他们骑自行车在这条公路上探险,由此可知,这条收费高速公路应该是废弃了几十年,故选C。
2.C　考查逻辑推理。这条收费高速公路废弃了几十年,并且是对公众开放的,因此作者和爸爸骑自行车在这条公路上探险。上下文之间是因果关系,前因后果,故选C。
3.A　考查语境语义。根据下文的"Part of it included...Sideling Hill""As we approached the tunnel, I felt...black inside""When we 　8　 the tunnel, the sound...saw walls 　9　 with graffiti (涂鸦)"等信息可知,作者和爸爸骑自行车去这条公路探险,故选A。
4.B　考查语境语义。根据下文的"Part of it included an old tunnel called Sideling Hill"可知,该路段包括一条古老的隧道,由此可知,爸爸选择了一段16英里的路,下文中的it指代的就是section。tunnel"隧道";section"部分,地段";block"街区";course"课程"。故选B。
5.D　考查生活常识。根据下文的"we checked our tires and made sure our lights had batteries"可知,他们检查了轮胎,确保灯有电池。根据生活常识可知,这些都是探险前的准备工作。participate"参与";register"登记";cooperate"合作";prepare"准备"。故选D。
6.B　考查逻辑推理。根据下文的"as it was absolutely black inside"可知,隧道里面一片漆黑,因此作者应该是非常紧张的。故选B。
7.C　考查生活常识。根据生活常识可知,隧道里面一片漆黑,爸爸就提醒作者要小心谨慎。故选C。
答案
本文是一篇记叙文,讲述了作者和爸爸的一次公路探险,这次探险让作者终身难忘。
8.D　考查语境语义。根据上文的"we approached the tunnel"可知,此处指进入隧道。approach"靠近";observe"观察";leave"离开";enter"进入"。故选D。
9.A　考查生活常识。根据生活常识可知,墙壁应是被涂鸦所"覆盖"。cover"覆盖";bury"埋葬";absorb"吸收";dress"穿衣服"。故选A。
10.B　考查生活常识。根据生活常识和下文的"I was pretty scared"可知,涂鸦多是表情夸张或面目狰狞的人物画像,因此作者感觉自己被墙上的涂鸦注视着,很害怕。force"强迫";watch"注视";abuse"虐待";judge"审判"。故选B。
11.D　考查固定搭配。根据空前的"I was pretty scared"和空后的"on following Dad helped me relax"可推断,作者很害怕,但是集中注意力跟着爸爸帮助作者放松了下来。focus on"集中注意力于",故选D。
12.B　考查语境语义。根据下文的"I remember this trip. It reminds me that my father is always beside me"可知,每当在生活中遇到困难时,作者都会想起这次旅行。accident"事故";hardship"艰难,困苦";regulation"规章";incident"事件"。故选B。
13.D　考查语境语义。根据空前的"the light of hope"可知,此处指"心中的希望之光"。故选D。
14.A　考查语境语义。根据上文的"But Dad encouraged me""　11　 on following Dad helped me relax"可知,在作者害怕时,是爸爸给了作者勇气,故选A。
15.C　考查复现信息。上文提到" black inside""through the darkness",此处是对"黑暗隧道"的升华,指的是"生活中的黑暗(dark)隧道",即"困难",故选C。
话题:好心人的帮助　主题语境:人与自我　核心素养:语言能力　词数:约281
[2022苏锡常镇一调]I was driving on the freeway when I saw a sign. It 　 1　 drivers that chains would be required to cross the mountain. It took me quite some time to get the chains on. When I got to a spot where it was no longer snowing, I took the chains off so I could drive at a(n) 　 2　 speed.
Suddenly, I 　3　 another snowy, icy patch in the road. My car spun out into a snowdrift. I thought of 　4　 some tree branches and placing them under my tires, but it was so cold outside that my hands weren’t working 　5　. I got inside the car and called American Automobile Association (AAA).
A Russian man came up to my window and said hello. Before I could say too much, he and his three sons were already 　 6　 to push my car. I got out of my car and 　 7　 them.
It was past midnight and they could have decided that AAA would 　 8　 the situation after our initial 　9　 failed. Yet, they stayed with me for nearly 45 minutes as we kept trying 　10　 things to get the car out of the snow, insistent that they wouldn’t leave until I was 　11　.
At first, I was a little 　12　 about being stuck in the freezing weather at such a late hour, but their cheerful attitude changed the whole 　 13　 and lifted my spirits.
After nearly 45 minutes of hard work when my car was finally free, they didn’t even 　 14　 around long enough for me to get their names. They just ran toward their truck, 　15　 a bit on the ice, and yelled back "Drive Slowly", like true smile heroes!
Cloze 4
1. A.warned B.encouraged C.promised D.taught
2. A.slow B.average C.normal D.top
3. A.missed out B.came upon C.looked for D.pulled off
4. A.removing B.burning C.destroying D.breaking
5. A.properly B.casually C.creatively D.comfortably
6. A.proposing B.continuing C.starting D.claiming
7. A.urged B.joined C.stopped D.left
8. A.handle B.improve C.revise D.clarify
9. A.preparations B.appeals C.impressions D.attempts
10. A.typical B.unique C.different D.difficult
11. A.approached B.forgiven C.protected D.freed
12. A.concerned B.disappointed C.awkward D.confused
13. A.analysis B.situation C.definition D.truth
14. A.play B.walk C.stick D.glance
15. A.moved B.recovered C.dashed D.slid
本文是一篇记叙文。"我"在山上驾车时被困在雪中,在打电话求救后的等待过程中偶遇了好心人。在他们的帮助下,"我"脱离了困境。
答案
【核心单词】　initial adj. 开始的;最初的　insistent adj. 坚持的;坚决要求的;再三的
1.A　考查语境语义。根据空后的"chains would be required to cross the mountain"可知,标牌上提醒司机说,穿越此山需要给车加防滑链。
2.C　考查语境语义。根据空前的"When I got to a spot...snowing, I took the chains off"可知,当到达不再下雪的地点时,"我"取下链条,让汽车以正常速度行驶。
3.B　考查固定搭配。根据空前的"Suddenly"和空后的"spun out into a snowdrift"可知,"我"突然遇到了另一个被雪覆盖的结冰的地方。come upon"偶然遇见"符合语境。miss out"错失,遗漏";pull off"做成,驶离(道路)"。
4.D　考查生活常识。根据空后的"some tree branches...tires"并结合常识可知,"我"想折断一些树枝,垫到轮胎下面。
5.A　考查逻辑推理。根据空前的"it was so cold outside"可知,由于外面太寒冷,"我"的手无法正常活动。
6.C　考查语境语义。根据空前的"were already"和语境可知,"我"还没来得及说太多,他和他的三个儿子已经开始推"我"的汽车了。
7.B　考查语境语义。根据空前的"got out of my car"和语境可知,"我"从汽车中出来,加入他们当中。
8.A　考查语境语义。根据语境可知,已经过了午夜,他们本可以决定让美国汽车协会来处理这种情况。
9.D　考查逻辑推理。根据空后的"kept trying"可知,最初的尝试都失败了。
10.C　考查生活常识。根据空后的"to get the car out of the snow",并结合常识可知,为了让汽车从雪里出来,我们不断尝试不同的方法。
11.D　考查逻辑推理。根据最后一段第一句中的"free"再结合该句语境可知,他们坚持不离开,直到"我"脱身。
12.A　考查生活常识。根据空后的"being stuck in the freezing weather at such a late hour",再结合常识可知,开始时"我"还有点担心这么晚了还困在寒冷的天气里。
13.B　考查语境语义。根据空前的"cheerful attitude"和语境可知,他们乐观的态度改变了整个局面,并振奋了"我"的情绪。
14.C　考查语境语义。根据空后的"long enough for me to get their names"可知,经过近45分钟的辛苦工作,"我"的车终于重获自由,但他们没待多久,甚至没等"我"知道他们的名字。
【易错点拨】　该处考查了短语stick around的意思,表示"不走开,待在原地"。考生会因为不知道该短语的意思而选错答案。
15.D　考查生活常识。根据空后的"on the ice",再结合常识可知,他们只是跑向自己的卡车,在冰上滑了一下。
话题:偶遇海豹　主题语境:人与自然　核心素养:文化意识　词数:约244
[2022广东汕尾调研]One day Gary and his partner were diving in the sea when two Atlantic seals appeared out of nowhere and took them by surprise.
The two divers were well-trained and had been taught not to 　1　 animals in their natural habitat, so they tried to stay as 　2　 as possible. However, the seals were so curious and playful that they began 　 3　 them slowly. Gary realized this would be a 　 4　 chance, so he took his camera out and 　 5　 what could happen next.
It seemed like a 　6　 at the time. The seals swam closer and closer and Gary and his partner 　 7　 the seals were just babies! The two divers could not believe their eyes, nor would they miss out this once-in-a-lifetime 　8　. To keep on filming, they stayed calm and gentle in order not to 　 9　 the baby seals away. Luckily, the seals didn’t leave but started going around the divers, 　10　 they wanted to make friends with them. One of the seals held out its flippers (鳍肢) and shook "　 11　" with the divers, who could 　 12　 believe what was happening to them.
The record of the whole scene went viral and became very 　 13　 on the Internet. Gary hopes to convey a clear 　 14　 that the underwater world is beautiful and impressive, but at the same time it suffers from pollution and 　 15　. When you see these photos and videos, could you tolerate someone wanting to destroy it
1. A.hunt B.disturb C.raise D.observe
2. A.positive B.independent C.silent D.still
Cloze 5
3. A.dragging B.chasing C.approaching D.touching
4. A.dangerous B.wonderful C.frightening D.simple
5. A.recorded B.announced C.discussed D.imagined
6. A.fact B.condition C.truth D.miracle
7. A.noticed B.expected C.remembered D.doubted
8. A.choice B.accident C.opportunity D.secret
9. A.block B.catch C.scare D.wake
10. A.even though B.as if C.so that D.ever since
11. A.signals B.tails C.notes D.hands
12. A.actually B.quickly C.hardly D.gradually
13. A.ordinary B.important C.specific D.popular
14. A.belief B.tradition C.religion D.custom
15. A.experiment B.destruction C.failure D.adventure
本文是一篇记叙文。Gary和同伴潜水时,意外遇到两只海豹幼崽,他们小心翼翼地记录了与小海豹们互动的画面,视频上传至网络后大受欢迎,他们借此呼吁人们保护海洋。
答案
【核心单词】　convey v.表达,传递;传送
【核心短语】　out of nowhere 突然发生;突然出现　take sb. by surprise 使某人惊诧,出乎某人意料　hold out 伸出手(或胳膊);坚持,维持
【合成词】　well-trained adj. 训练有素的　once-in-a-lifetime adj. 一生一次的,千载难逢的
【词缀变形】　nature n. 大自然,自然界→natural adj. 天然的;自然的　impress v.给……留下深刻的好印象→impressive adj. 令人赞叹的,令人敬佩的
1.B　考查生活常识。根据本句中的"well-trained and had been taught not to"和生活常识可知,两位潜水员受过良好的训练,不会去打扰在自然栖息地的动物,因此他们在水里尽可能地保持不动的姿势,故选B。
2.D　考查生活常识。参见上题解析,故选D。still"静止不动的"。
3.C　考查语境语义。根据本句中的"so curious and playful"和下文中的"The seals swam closer and closer"可知,两只海豹对两位潜水员很好奇,竟然开始慢慢向潜水员靠近。C项"approaching"符合语境。
4.B　考查语境语义。根据句中的"so he took his camera out"可知,Gary意识到这是个极好的机会,所以他拿出了摄像机,故选B。
5.A　考查语境语义。Gary拿出摄像机,是想记录接下来会发生的事情,故选A。下文中的"The record of the whole scene"也是提示。
6.D　考查逻辑推理。根据下文中的"The two divers could not believe their eyes, nor would they miss out this once-in-a-lifetime 　8　"可知,对两位潜水员来说,这似乎是个奇迹。D项"miracle"符合语境,故选D。
7.A　考查语境语义。空前的"The seals swam closer and closer"和空后的"the seals were just babies"可知,随着两只海豹慢慢地靠近,Gary和同伴发现这两只竟然是海豹幼崽,故选A。
8.C　考查复现信息。 "nor would they miss out this once-in-a-lifetime 　8　"与上文中的"Gary realized this would be a 　4　 chance"相呼应,本空与"chance"是同义词复现,此处表示"千载难逢的机会",故选C。
9.C　考查语境语义。根据上文中的"they stayed calm and gentle"可知,为了能继续拍摄,他们俩小心翼翼,生怕把两只小海豹吓跑,故选C。scare"把……吓跑"。
10.B　考查逻辑推理。根据上文可知,两只小海豹并没有离开,而是开始围着两位潜水员转,它们的行为好像是想和潜水员们交朋友,故选B。
11.D　考查语境语义。根据上文中的"One of the seals held out its flippers (鳍肢) and shook"可知,一只小海豹伸出鳍肢和潜水员们"握手"。shake hands意为"握手",故选D。
12.C　考查语境语义。根据上文描述的两只小海豹的行为可知,两只小海豹的热情互动让潜水员们几乎不敢相信,故选C。
13.D　考查语境语义。根据上文中的"The record of the whole scene went viral"可知,整个场景的录像在网上迅速传播,大受欢迎。D项与空前的"went viral"(迅速传播)相呼应,故选D。
14.A　考查语境语义。根据空后的"that the underwater world is beautiful and impressive...destroy it"可知,Gary希望借着视频的走红,传达一个清晰的看法:海底世界是美丽而且壮观的,同时它也遭受了污染和破坏。当你看到这些照片和视频时,你怎么能够忍受有人想要破坏它呢 故选A。
15.B　考查语境语义。根据下文中的"could you tolerate someone wanting to destroy it"可知,空处以及"pollution"都与"destroy"相呼应,故选B。
话题:重返校园　主题语境:人与自我　核心素养:思维品质　词数:约244
[2022江苏南通一调]After ten years in the same company, I found my job was no longer fun. However, I didn’t have the confidence to apply for new jobs due to lack of experience. I felt 　 1　.
A friend suggested another path — 　 2　. I had toyed with the idea of studying for a master’s degree but 　3　 stood in my way. Yet I found a course at London College of Communication, 　 4　 my job and enrolled(注册).
During the 18 months that followed, I began to flourish (茁壮成长). Not only had I found the courage to take my 　 5　 forward in a new, exciting direction, but the self-doubt that had followed me around like a 　 6　 began to disappear gradually. My classmates and I treated each other as 　 7　: younger students 　 8　 my experience and knowledge when it came to group work. I made new friends and joined committees.
I also decided to move out of home. Living in students halls was a(n) 　 9　. The halls life added to my sense of 　 10　 and, with it, confidence. I was 　 11　 new things every day. Even making myself a meal or 　 12　 my small living space felt rewarding.
Soon after completing my master’s, I made my way back through the university gates — this time to 　 13　. I am now a lecturer on the same course that I took. I 　14　 the person I was before and smile — she didn’t yet know her 　 15　.
1. A.guilty B.stuck C.relieved D.shallow
2. A.communication B.management C.education D.employment
3. A.self-doubt B.poverty C.health D.marriage
Cloze 6
4. A.lost B.did C.quit D.switched
5. A.wealth B.interest C.belief D.life
6. A.shadow B.fire C.dream D.rainbow
7. A.opponents B.equals C.strangers D.servants
8. A.valued B.questioned C.ignored D.polished
9. A.embarrassment B.experience C.mess D.failure
10. A.freedom B.safety C.justice D.independence
11. A.copying B.missing C.learning D.ordering
12. A.expanding B.occupying C.deserting D.managing
13. A.visit B.teach C.exercise D.interview
14. A.look back on B.keep away from C.catch up with D.hold on to
15. A.image B.worth C.duty D.career
本文是记叙文。作者因为十年待在同一个公司而感到自己陷入了困境,所以在朋友的建议下重返校园并进行学习,最终获得了不一样的收获。当作者成为一名讲师时再回忆当时的自己,感慨万千。
答案
1.B　考查语境语义。 我觉得我的工作不能使我快乐,但我因为缺少经验而没有信心申请新的工作,我感觉陷入了困境。stuck"无法摆脱困境的",故选项B正确。
2.C　考查语境语义。根据下文的"studying for a master’s degree"和"I found a course at London College of Communication"可知,朋友建议的另一条路是"education",故选项C正确。
3.A　考查复现信息。根据下文提到的"but the self-doubt that had followed me...disappear gradually"可以推断这一空填的是self-doubt,故选项A正确。
4.C　考查语境语义。我辞去了我的工作,并注册入学了。quit"辞职",故选项C正确。
5.D　考查语境语义。我有了勇气使我的生活往一个新的、令人振奋的方向前进,故选项D正确。
6.A　考查语境语义。自我怀疑像是一个影子围绕着我。shadow"影子";fire"火焰";dream"梦想";rainbow"彩虹"。故选项A正确。
7.B　考查语境语义。根据空后的"younger students...friends"可知,在小组合作时,年轻的学生珍视我的经验和知识,而我交到了新朋友,由此推知,我的同学们和我都是以平等的身份对待对方。opponent"竞争对手";equal"同等的人";stranger"陌生人";servant"仆人"。故选项B正确。
8.A　考查语境语义。参见上题解析。value"珍视";question"怀疑";ignore"忽视";polish"润色"。故选项A正确。
9.B　考查语境语义。我决定搬出我的家,因为住在学生宿舍是一种经历(experience)。embarrassment"难堪的事";mess"混乱";failure"失败"。故选项B正确。
10.D　考查语境语义。这种生活增加了我的独立(independence)意识。freedom"自由";safety"安全";justice"公正"。故选项D正确。
11.C　考查语境语义。我每天都在学习(learning)新的东西。copy"仿效";miss"错过";order"安排"。故选项C正确。
12.D　考查语境语义。甚至给我自己做一顿饭或是打理(managing)我小的居住地都是有收获的。expand"扩大";occupy"占据";desert"遗弃"。故选项D正确。
13.B　考查语境语义。根据下文的"I am now a lecturer"可知,我这次回学校是作为讲师去教书(teach),故选项B正确。
14.A　考查固定搭配。 我回忆(look back on)那个曾经的我并笑了。keep away from"远离";catch up with"赶上";hold on to"坚持下去"。故选项A正确。
15.B　考查语境语义。她当时不知自己的价值,故选项B正确。
考点2　逻辑推理
【考点突破】　完形填空对逻辑推理的考查主要体现在对行文逻辑的考查,是为了进一步考查考生对文章大意的正确理解和思维能力。考生可以采用语义关联法或根据逻辑关系标志词来解答此类试题。运用语义关联法时,考生需要考虑设空处与句内其他部分、前后句甚至相隔较远的句子在语义上的连贯性。根据逻辑关系标志词进行解题时,要从逻辑关系的角度把握整体,考生可以通过明显的表示逻辑关系的标志词,把答案的逻辑意义推理出来。常见的逻辑关系标志词有:①表示转折、对比的however,while等;②表示因果、目的的therefore,since,so,in order to等;③表示递进的besides,what’s more等;④表示时间的before,after,when等;⑤表示"平行结构"的and,or,as well as等。
话题:保护红树林　主题语境:人与自然　核心素养:文化意识　词数:约253
[2022山东泰安一模]Tima Abudhi is a 55-year-old mother of five. When growing up, she remembers watching a lot of mangroves(红树) 　1　 at the mangrove forests around her village on Pate Island, on Kenya’s east coast, to build houses or to sell as wood.
As the mangroves 　 2　, so did the fish that live among their roots — a 　3　 for the fishing village of Kizingitini. The threat to their livelihoods and homes 　4　 Abudhi and other women to start replanting the mangroves, often spending all day at the 　5　, taking time away from caring for their families and 　 6　 their small business. Protecting the mangroves over the past few decades has 　 7　 their incomes, but they felt it was a matter of urgency, Abudhi said.
"Replanting the mangroves is not 　 8　. We have to go early in the morning to get the seedlings(幼苗) and then come to the beach and plant them until evening, just before the tides 　9　 again. We couldn’t make 　10　 time for our businesses," she said. Today, the women of Kizingitini no longer have to 　 11　 to both make a living and conserve the mangroves, thanks to a loan scheme(方案) that helps them keep food on the table so they can 　12　 to continue planting. "This has led to increased 　 13　 of women in conservation and community development, as well as reduced 　14　 inequality," said Abudhi.
Mangrove forests can 　 15　 flooding, and are considered a key to controlling climate change and protecting people against warming-linked disasters.
1. A.cut away B.plant out C.set up D.got together

Cloze 1
2. A.moved B.disappeared C.died D.rose
3. A.contribution B.choice C.disaster D.chance
4. A.encouraged B.motivated C.forbade D.persuaded
5. A.neighbor B.community C.beach D.village
6. A.selling B.assessing C.closing D.running
7. A.increased B.gained C.produced D.decreased
8. A.difficult B.easy C.worthwhile D.suitable
9. A.return B.calm C.withdraw D.remove
10. A.hard B.enough C.long D.cheap
11. A.struggle B.stop C.prepare D.determine
12. A.attempt B.witness C.afford D.refuse
13. A.unemployment B.resignation C.participation D.ignorance
14. A.gender B.wealth C.income D.age
15. A.cancel B.keep C.accelerate D.slow
1.A　考查固定搭配。根据本句中的"at the mangrove forests around her village"与"to build houses or to sell as wood"可知,Tima Abudhi自幼都记得看见很多红树林中的树木被砍伐(cut away),目的是盖房子或当做木材出售。
2.B　考查逻辑推理。根据第一段第二句中的"to build houses or to sell as wood"可知,由于被砍伐,很多红树已经不见(disappeared)了。
答案
本文是一篇记叙文,讲述了Tima Abudhi在看到红树林被砍伐给村民们的生计和家庭带来了威胁之后,与一群女性在海边种树的故事。
【核心短语】　grow up 成长　care for 照顾　over the past few decades 在过去的几十年里　a matter of urgency 紧急情况　make a living 谋生　thanks to 幸亏;由于　as well as 和;而且 protect...against... 保护……免受……
【合成词】　income n. 收入
【易错点拨】　有的考生会误选C项,但是die"死亡"是自然行为,而这些树由于被砍伐而消失是人为造成的。
3.C　考查语境语义。根据本句中的"so did the fish that live among their roots"和下一句中的"threat to their livelihoods and homes"可知,鱼的消失对这个渔村来说就是一种灾难(disaster)。contribution"贡献";choice"选择";chance"机会"。
4.B　考查语境语义。根据本句中的"The threat to their livelihoods and homes"可知,砍伐红树林给他们的生计和家庭带来的威胁促使(motivated) Abudhi决定和其他女性一起再种植红树。motivate意为"激发,促动",强调让某人想要完成某事或为了某事让某人愿意努力工作,符合语境。而encourage意为"鼓励",强调给某人勇气或信心做某事;forbid"禁止";persuade"说服"。
5.C　考查复现信息。根据第一段第二句中的"at the mangrove forests around her village on Pate Island, on Kenya’s east coast"可知,她们住在沿海地区,所以是在海滨(beach)种树。第三段第二句中的"come to the beach"也是线索。
6.D　考查逻辑推理。根据本句话中的"caring for their families"可知,这些女性本应照顾家庭和经营(running)她们的小生意,但是她们抽出时间去种植红树。sell"售卖";assess"评估";close"关闭"。
7.D　考查逻辑推理。根据上一句话的"taking time away from caring for...business"可知,她们花时间去种树,造成了收入减少(decreased)。increase"增加";gain"获得";produce"产生"。
8.B　考查逻辑推理。根据下一句中的"have to go early in the morning to get the seedlings(幼苗) and then come to the beach and plant them until evening"可知,为了种树她们要早起晚归,说明种树并不是一件容易的(easy)事。difficult"困难的";worthwhile"值得的";suitable"合适的"。
9.A　考查生活常识。根据本句中的"plant them until evening"和生活常识可知,她们要在涨潮之前,也就是潮水回来(return)之前完成。calm"使镇静";withdraw"撤回";remove"去除"。
10.B　考查语境语义。根据第三段第二句中的"go early in the morning to get the seedlings(幼苗) and then come to the beach and plant them until evening"可知,她们要花较多的时间种树,所以就没有足够的(enough)时间去经营自己的小生意。
11.A　考查逻辑推理。根据本句中的"thanks to a loan scheme (方案) that helps them keep food on the table"可知,贷款方案帮助她们有饭吃,这让她们没有必要再艰难地一边谋生一边保护红树林。struggle"奋斗,拼搏",符合语境。stop"停止";prepare"准备";determine"决定"。
12.C　考查语境语义。根据本句中的"thanks to a loan scheme (方案) that helps them keep food on the table"可知,她们有了贷款方案的帮助之后能(afford)继续植树。attempt"尝试";witness"见证";refuse"拒绝"。
13.C　考查逻辑推理。根据上一句可知,在有了贷款方案的帮助之后,更多的女性参与(participation)到保护和社区发展中来。unemployment"失业";resignation"辞职";ignorance"无知"。
14.A　考查生活常识。根据上文可知,这些活动都是由Abudhi和一群女性完成的,她们的付出在很大程度上改变了环境,这无形中提高了女性的社会地位,缩小了性别(gender)不平等的差距。
15.D　考查逻辑推理。根据本句中的"to controlling climate change and protecting people against warming-linked disasters"可知,红树林能减缓(slow)洪水,有助于控制气候变化和保护人们免受与全球变暖有关的灾难。
话题:读书有感　主题语境:人与社会　核心素养:思维品质　词数:约276
[2022广东佛山一检] Many people, whose lives are filled with one fortunate event after another, don’t understand how the other half, the 　1　 half, lives. Luis J. Rodriguez in his autobiography, Always Running, brings the 　2　 into his world with in-depth descriptions of his 　3　.
After moving from Mexico to America at the age of two, Rodriguez 　4　 on the streets of Los Angeles. His youth is filled with drugs, gang violence, and racism against Mexicans. By his late teens, Rodriguez has already 　 5　 it all, and is trying to get away from it. As Rodriguez took me through his life, I experienced many 　6　 : hatred as he describes the police; fear during gang wars; 　 7　 when he makes a difference in his community.
Rodriguez’s intention of telling his story is to help others avoid the pain and suffering he experienced, and to show kids they can 　8　 that type of life. Because that’s not a life I’ve ever known, the book didn’t have that 　9　 on me, but I was able to understand his difficulties.
Rodriguez 　10　 sees a chance to leave and tries to bring his friends with him. 　 11　 for them, leaving that life is like deserting their family, and they are still 　 12　 to get out of pain.
Reading this book is like a wake-up call: You see how 　 13　 others’lives are and feel extremely lucky for what you have. His 　14　 is that it’s always possible to extricate (解救) yourself.
When Rodriguez is 16, he realizes gang wars, racism, and hatred must stop. If the world were able to 　15　 this, future generations wouldn’t have to live that kind of life.
Cloze 2
1. A.unlucky B.brave C.homeless D.poor
2. A.runner B.reader C.victim D.friend
3. A.youth B.country C.family D.change
4. A.runs business B.goes shopping C.looks around D.grows up
5. A.done B.defeated C.experienced D.described
6. A.struggles B.pains C.emotions D.wonders
7. A.pride B.gratitude C.disbelief D.uncertainty
8. A.treasure B.rebuild C.sacrifice D.escape
9. A.value B.effect C.stress D.control
10. A.instantly B.probably C.eventually D.effortlessly
11. A.Uninterestingly B.Unfortunately C.Amazingly D.Naturally
12. A.likely B.ready C.unwilling D.unable
13. A.different B.meaningless C.plain D.adventurous
14. A.promise B.achievement C.message D.story
15. A.study B.recognize C.predict D.reserve
1.A　考查语境语义。根据上文的"Many people, whose lives are filled with one fortunate event after another...the other half"可知,很多人的生活好事连连,他们是幸运者,他们不了解不幸运的人是如何生活的。"the other half"指的是"the unlucky half",所以选A。
2.B　考查生活常识。Rodriguez通过他写的自传把读者带入他的世界,所以选B。
3.A　考查语境语义。从第二段的描述可知,Rodriguez的自传是对自己年轻时的生活的描述,所以选A。
4.D　考查固定搭配。根据上文中的"After moving...at the age of two"和下文的"His youth"可知,Rodriguez两岁时从墨西哥搬到美国后,在洛杉矶的街头长大。
5.C　考查逻辑推理。根据下文的"is trying to get away from it"中的it指的是充满毒品、帮派暴力和种族歧视的生活,他努力摆脱这样的生活说明他十八九岁时经历过这些,所以C项"经历"符合语境。
答案
本文是一篇记叙文。Luis J. Rodriguez在他的自传Always Running中深入描述了自己年轻时的经历,帮助读者了解不同的人生经历。
【核心单词】　racism n. 种族歧视　hatred n. 仇恨,憎恨　desert v. 抛弃
【核心短语】　be filled with 充满　get away from 摆脱……　make a difference 有作用,有影响;做重要的事　wake-up call 让人警醒的事
【合成词】　in-depth adj. 彻底的,深入详尽的
【词缀变形】　fortunate adj. 幸运的→unfortunate adj. 不幸的;令人遗憾的→unfortunately adv. 不幸地,遗憾地
6.C　考查语境语义。根据下文的"hatred as he describes the police; fear during gang wars"可知,作者在阅读Rodriguez的自传时感受到许多情感(emotions),所以选C。
7.A　考查逻辑推理。当Rodriguez能在社区做点重要的事时,他应该感到很"自豪",所以选A。
8.D　考查复现信息。Rodriguez在自传中讲述他的经历是想帮助其他人避免这样的痛苦,避免经历他所经历的事情,并且想让孩子们知道他们可以避开这样的生活。D项"escape"和上文的avoid属于同义词复现,故选D。
9.B　考查语境语义。因为自传中描述的不是作者熟悉的生活,所以这本书对作者没有多大的影响(effect),所以选B。
10.C　考查语境语义。从第二段的" is trying to get away from it"和空后的"sees a chance to leave...with him"可知,Rodriguez年轻时一直努力摆脱这样的生活,他终于(eventually)发现了离开这种生活的机会并想带朋友们一起离开。
11.B　考查逻辑推理。根据空后的"leaving that life is like deserting their family, and they are still 　12　 to get out of pain"可知,离开那种生活就像抛弃他们的家庭,这对他们来说是不幸的,是痛苦的,他们依旧不能(unable)摆脱痛苦。unfortunately"不幸地"符合语境。
12.D　考查逻辑推理。参见上题解析,所以选D。
13.A　考查逻辑推理。根据上文的"Because that’s not a life I’ve ever known"和下文的"feel extremely lucky for what you have"可知,Rodriguez所描述的生活和作者以及其他读者所经历的生活是不一样的(different),通过阅读这本自传,读者能够看到其他人的生活是怎样的,并且感受到拥有现在的生活是多么幸运。
14.C　考查语境语义。根据上文的"Rodriguez’s intention...that type of life"可知,Rodriguez想表达的主题思想(message)是要拯救自己。
15.B　考查语境语义。如果世人能够意识到(recognize)这一点,子孙后代们就不会再过这样的生活。空后的this指的是上文的"gang wars, racism, and hatred must stop"。
话题:寒冬送温暖　主题语境:人与社会　核心素养:文化意识　词数:约247
[2022福建漳州一检] I was on my way home when I saw two old men sitting and talking in the sun near the bus stand. What struck me about them was not their position, but rather their clothes. Both were wearing 　 1　 clothes. One had on broken sandals (凉鞋) and the other was 　2　 with bare feet.
Recently, I’ve been 　3　 chances to serve, but without luck. So my clothing stash (贮藏) kept 　4　 . And I thought I need to find these items an appropriate new home 　5　.
The men were absorbed in 　6　 and did not pay attention to me as I 　7　 closer to hear their words.
"Luckily, the sun shines in the day and offers some heat in the cold, but how can we 　8　 the night I wish my blanket were thicker, offering more 　9　."
Knowing that they would 　 10　 for a while, I went to my clothing stash and quickly got two 　 11　.
Again, they did not see me approach. "Here you go, uncles. It’s cold these days. These might be 　12　 to you."
Words can’t describe the 　 13　 on their faces as I handed the items to the men. "Son, you are so kind. We were just talking about how we are going to face the cold at night and you 　14　 with these. Thank you very much."
"It’s a pleasure. I’m happy to give you my 　 15　." We all smiled from the bottom of our hearts.
1. A.thick B.old C.fancy D.clean
2. A.smiling B.jumping C.trembling D.waving
Cloze 3　
3. A.missing B.creating C.seeking D.seizing
4. A.changing B.moving C.declining D.expanding
5. A.urgently B.gradually C.permanently D.constantly
6. A.work B.game C.conversation D.thought
7. A.bowed B.inched C.rushed D.drove
8. A.deal with B.struggle for C.take advantage of D.break away from
9. A.consideration B.security C.space D.protection
10. A.hesitate B.wander C.argue D.stay
11. A.shoes B.pillows C.quilts D.shirts
12. A.worthwhile B.useful C.adoptable D.precious
13. A.surprise B.mercy C.puzzlement D.fright
14. A.escaped B.survived C.succeeded D.appeared
15. A.help B.call C.letter D.question
本文是一篇记叙文,主要讲述了作者在回家的路上,看到两个老人在寒冬中衣衫单薄,于是他主动提供帮助,给两个老人送去温暖的故事。
答案
1.B　考查逻辑推理。 根据下文中的"One had on broken sandals (凉鞋) and the other was 　2　 with bare feet"和" We were just talking about how we are going to face the cold at night"可知,一个老人穿着坏的凉鞋,另一个光着脚,他们在讨论如何应对夜晚的寒冷。由此可推知他们穿的衣服应该也是旧的。故选B。
2.C　考查语境语义。根据下文中的"Luckily, the sun shines in the day and offers some heat in the cold"可知,此时的天气很冷,他光着脚在发抖。故选C。smile"微笑";jump"跳";tremble"发抖";wave"摇摆"。
3.C　考查语境语义。根据"Recently, I’ve been 　3　 chances to serve, but without luck. So my clothing stash (贮藏) kept 　4　"可知,作者一直在寻找可以提供衣物的机会,但是很不幸运,作者没有这样的机会,所以衣物贮藏不断扩大。故选C。
4.D　考查语境语义。根据下文中的"I need to find these items an appropriate new home"可知,作者的衣物贮藏一直在扩大,因此他才想要给这些东西找一个合适的新家,故选D。
5.A　考查语境语义。根据上文中的"So my clothing stash (贮藏) kept 　4　"可知,作者此时急迫地想给这些东西找个合适的新家。故选A。
【核心单词】　appropriate adj.合适的,相称的
【核心短语】　without luck 不凑巧　be absorbed in 专心于;全神贯注于　pay attention to 留心,注意
6.C　考查语境语义。根据上文中的"two old men sitting and talking in the sun"以及下文中的"did not pay attention to me as I 　7　 closer to hear their words"可知,他们在全神贯注地交谈。故选C。
7.B　考查复现信息。根据空前的"did not pay attention to me"和下文中的"Again, they did not see me approach"可知,当作者缓慢地向两位老人靠近时,他们没有注意到作者。故选B。inch在此处作动词,表示"缓慢地移动",是熟词新义的用法,与下文中的"approach"是同义词复现。
8.A　考查固定搭配。根据空前的"the sun shines in the day and offers some heat in the cold, but"以及空后的"night"可知,此处表示转折,他们在讨论如何应对寒冷的夜晚,故选A。deal with"解决,应对"; struggle for"为……斗争"; take advantage of"利用"; break away from"逃离"。
9.D　考查生活常识。根据空前的"I wish my blanket were thicker"和生活常识可知,毯子厚一点可以提供更多的保护,以免受冻。故选D。
10.D　考查逻辑推理。根据下文中的"I went to my clothing stash and quickly got two 　11　"可知,作者去取物品,由此可推知,作者了解到他们应该是要在这儿待上一段时间。故选D。
11.C　考查逻辑推理。根据上文中的"I wish my blanket were thicker, offering more 　9　"和生活常识可知,老人希望毯子厚点,因此作者这时去拿的应该是被子。故选C。
12.B　考查语境语义。根据上文中的" I wish my blanket were thicker"和"It’s cold these days"可知,这两条被子正是他们需要的,对他们来说是有用的。故选B。worthwhile"重要的";adoptable"可采用的";precious"宝贵的"。
13.A　考查逻辑推理。根据语境和下文中的"We were just talking about how we are going to face the cold at night and you 　14　 with these"可推知,两位老人正在讨论如何应对寒冷的夜晚,此时作者带着被子出现在他们面前,他们感到很惊讶。故选A。mercy"仁慈";puzzlement"迷惑";fright"恐怖"。
14.D　考查语境语义。参见上题解析,故选D。
15.A　考查逻辑推理。两位老人对作者的善行表达感谢,作者也为能给他们提供帮助而感到开心。故选A。
话题:徒步穿越南极洲　主题语境:人与自我　核心素养:文化意识　词数:约222
[2022苏北四市期末]Preet Chandi returned from a trek(徒步旅行)across Greenland last year. She hopes to 　1　 an unsupported trek across Antarctica to the South Pole by herself. The 700-mile journey will take about 45 days. She will face the 　2　 cold of -50℃ while dragging a sled weighing 95kg when she 　3　.
Preet Chandi 　4　 it is a tough journey. But she feels well prepared after years of 　5　. In recent weeks she has been 　6　 tyres around the streets near her home. She has received a number of curious questions from 　7　. "If you come from a community that is not involved in 　 8　 at all, it can be really hard," she said, adding that a number of people thought she was to 　9　 for Southall, in west London, not to the South Pole. "It’s just beyond their 　10　."
In the South Pole, one may 　11　 nothing in front for days except snow. It is quite a mental 　 12　. Thus, her partner has left messages inside her tent, while friends have 　13　 voice notes for her to listen to on the journey.
When she returns,she plans to put aside some money to 　14　 more women to try outdoor adventures. She is pleased to see change in what has 　15　 been a male-dominated area. What an inspiring woman!
1. A.abandon B.sponsor C.complete D.introduce
2. A.refreshing B.biting C.bearable D.slight
3. A.settles down B.checks out C.sets off D.turns up
4. A.admits B.denies C.hopes D.doubts
Cloze 4
5. A.working B.adjustment C.struggle D.training
6. A.lifting B.dragging C.rolling D.pushing
7. A.passers-by B.explorers C.visitors D.cyclists
8. A.activities B.adventures C.competitions D.sports
9. A.search B.run C.head D.look
10. A.control B.ability C.reach D.knowledge
11. A.touch B.feel C.see D.smell
12. A.challenge B.trouble C.dilemma D.success
13. A.played B.recorded C.presented D.taken
14. A.urge B.persuade C.command D.fund
15. A.extremely B.incredibly C.temporarily D.typically
本文是一篇新闻报道,介绍了普里特·钱迪独自完成穿越南极洲到南极的徒步旅行的事迹。
答案
1.C　考查语境语义。根据下文叙述普里特·钱迪为这次徒步旅行做好准备并克服重重困难,以及下文中的"When she returns"可知,她希望能独自完成穿越南极洲到南极的徒步旅行,故选C。
2.B　考查生活常识。根据生活常识可知,-50℃的低气温一定是寒冷刺骨的,故选B。 biting"刺骨的"。
3.C　考查固定搭配。根据上文中的"She will face the 　2　 cold of -50℃ while dragging a sled weighing 95kg"可知,她出发(sets off)时还要拖着重达95千克的雪橇,故选C。
4.A　考查语境语义。根据下文中的"But she feels well prepared after years of 　5　" 可知,她承认这是个艰难的旅行,所以进行了多年的训练,故选A。
5.D　考查语境语义。根据下文中的"she has been 　6　 tyres around the streets near her home"可知,她为这次艰难的旅行进行了多年的训练(training),故选D。
【核心单词】　weigh v. 重;称……的重量
【核心短语】　be involved in 参与;与……有关联　in front 在前面　put aside 存(钱)备用;不考虑
【合成词】　male-dominated adj. 男性占主导地位的
【词缀变形】　support v.支持,帮助,援助→unsupported adj. 无资助的;自力更生的
6.B　考查复现信息。根据第一段中的"She will face the 　2　 cold of -50℃ while dragging a sled weighing 95kg when she 　3　"可推知,她在为出发时要拖拽雪橇进行训练,故选B。此处为上文中的"dragging"的原词复现。
7.A　考查生活常识。根据上文中的"In recent weeks she has been 　6　 tyres around the streets near her home"和生活常识可知,她在家附近绕着街道拖轮胎进行训练,这自然会引起过路人的好奇之心,故选A。
8.B　考查逻辑推理。根据上文中的"She has received a number of curious questions from 　7　"和下文中的"a number of people thought she was to 　9　 for Southall, in west London, not to the South Pole"可推知,过路人对她的行为感到好奇,很多人认为她要去伦敦西部的绍索尔,而不是去南极,从过路人的反应可以看出,她来自不参与冒险的社区,故选B。
9.C　考查语境语义。根据上文中的"If you come from a community that is not involved in 　8　 at all, it can be really hard"和下文中的"It’s just beyond their 　10　"可知,如果你来自不参与冒险的社区,这真的很难让人理解,很多人认为她要去(head for)伦敦西部的绍索尔,而不是去南极,这超出了他们的知识范围。故选C。
10.D　考查语境语义。参见上题解析,故选D。reach"臂展,影响范围"。
11.C　考查生活常识。根据生活常识和下文中的"except snow"可知,在南极,人们可能在几天内除了雪什么都看不到,故选C。
12.A　考查逻辑推理。根据上文中的"In the South Pole, one may 　11　 nothing in front for days except snow"可推知,几天之内除了雪什么也看不见,这确实是个很大的心理挑战,故选A。
13.B　考查语境语义。根据下文中的"for her to listen to on the journey"可知,这里说的是录制了语音消息,故选B。
14.D　考查语境语义。根据上文中的"When she returns, she plans to put aside some money"可知,她打算存一些钱以资助更多的女性尝试户外冒险,故选D。
15.D　考查生活常识。根据上文中的"more women to try outdoor adventures"和生活常识可知,户外冒险通常(typically)是男性占主导地位的领域,她很高兴看到这一领域已经有了变化,故选D。
考点3　复现信息
【考点突破】　在完形填空中,有些题目仅仅依据设空处所在句的句意或设空前后句的语境无法作出正确判断。在这种情况下,我们要意识到该题的答案可能会出现在文中某处,我们把这种现象称作"信息复现"。信息复现主要包括原词复现、同义词复现、反义词复现、同根词复现、概括词复现和代词复现等。做题时,仔细查找上下文,利用这些复现信息解题,往往又快又准。
话题:男孩的热狗摊　主题语境:人与社会　核心素养:语言能力　词数:约244
[2022山东济南模考]The summer in 2018 was really special for Jaequan Faulkner, a 13-year-old boy living in Minneapolis, Minnesota. He set up a hot dog 　 1　 outside his home to make some extra money. The boy took care to make sure that all food was fresh and clean. People in the neighborhood 　2　 the boy’s spirit, but there was only one 　3　 — he didn’t have a permit.
When the Minneapolis Health Department received a 　4　, instead of shutting down Jaequan’s stand, they did something 　5　. They helped the teenager get a permit so that his business could 　6　.
Dan Huff, director of the department, said they were 　7　 to help a young man with such a sense of business. The health inspectors helped to pay for his first permit. 　8　, Huff took another step and helped connect Jaequan with the Northside Economic Opportunity Network, which gave the young businessman tips on 　9　 small business.
"I was kind of 　10　 and so grateful," Jaequan said about all the 　11　. "Because usually I would have one person at a time helping me, but there 　12　 to be so many kind people at once."
The food stand now operates with a 　 13　 and is open four hours daily from 11 am to 3 pm. Jaequan handles 90 percent of the business, and he is also planning to 　14　 money to organizations that assist teenagers in need. With such 　15　, the boy surely is going to have a bright future.
1. A.stand B.tent C.factory D.store
2. A.resisted B.suspected C.appreciated D.trusted
Cloze 1
3. A.advantage B.problem C.policy D.request
4. A.comment B.warning C.notice D.complaint
5. A.efficient B.official C.exceptional D.conventional
6. A.survive B.expand C.respond D.profit
7. A.grateful B.curious C.hesitant D.willing
8. A.Then B.Consequently C.Again D.Initially
9. A.sponsoring B.running C.starting D.investing
10. A.disappointed B.embarrassed C.amused D.surprised
11. A.support B.trouble C.inspiration D.conflict
12. A.used B.proved C.seemed D.happened
13. A.label B.model C.license D.patent
14. A.apply B.turn C.submit D.donate
15. A.promise B.drive C.story D.change
1.A　考查复现信息。根据下文中的"shutting down Jaequan’s stand"和"The food stand now operates"可知,Jaequan在家外面搭了一个热狗摊来挣一些额外的钱。此空为下文中的"stand"的原词复现。stand "货摊,售货亭"。
2.C　考查语境语义。根据语境可知,一个13岁的少年搭热狗摊想要自食其力,这种精神受到了邻里的赞赏。
3.B　考查语境语义。根据破折号后面的"he didn’t have a permit"可知,经营热狗摊却没有许可证是一个问题。
4.D　考查生活常识。根据语境和生活常识可以推断,卫生部门应是收到了针对Jaequan的投诉。
5.C　考查逻辑推理。根据常识可知,卫生部门针对此类投诉,应该会关闭Jaequan的摊位;根据空后的"They helped the teenager get a permit"可知,他们帮助Jaequan获得了许可证,这是不寻常的。exceptional "异常的,特别的,罕见的"。
6.A　考查生活常识。根据生活常识可知,许可证可以让Jaequan的热狗摊继续存在。
7.D　考查语境语义。结合下文可知,卫生部门愿意帮助Jaequan将热狗摊经营下去。
8.A　考查逻辑推理。根据语境可知,此处形成了先后顺序。
9.B　考查语境语义。根据语境可知,Huff想要帮助Jaequan,因此,他帮Jaequan联系了Northside Economic Opportunity Network来教他经营。run"管理,经营"。
答案
本文主要讲述了13岁的少年Jaequan Faulkner在家外面搭了一个热狗摊来挣一些额外的钱,但由于无证经营,有人将其投诉到卫生部门。但是,出乎意料的是,卫生部门并没有关闭Jaequan的摊位,而是帮他办好许可证,并帮他联系Northside Economic Opportunity Network来教他如何经营。Jaequan计划向帮助贫困青少年的机构捐款以回报社会。
10.D　考查逻辑推理。根据下文中的"usually I would have one person at a time helping me, but there 　12　 to be so many kind people at once"可知,面对一次有如此多善良的人支持和帮助自己,Jaequan感到有点儿惊讶。
11.A　考查语境语义。参见上题解析。
12.B　考查语境语义。结合语境可知,结果有如此多善良的人帮助Jaequan。
13.C　考查复现信息。根据上文中的"They helped the teenager get a permit"可知,Jaequan的热狗摊现在是有证经营。此空是"permit"的同义词复现。
14.D　考查语境语义。根据语境可知,Jaequan还计划向给贫困青少年提供帮助的组织捐款以回报社会。
15.B　考查语境语义。根据上文中的"he is also planning to 　14　 money to organizations that assist teenagers in need"可知,带着这样的干劲,他的前途肯定会一片光明。
话题:爱心美食速递　主题语境:人与社会　核心素养:文化意识　词数:约221
[2022河北保定期末]An e-mail request asking for a dish recipe came into Ekiben restaurant late on a Thursday afternoon. A man sent the e-mail 　1　 his mother-in-law, who was now in the final 　2　 of lung cancer at her home. He was hoping to get the 　 3　 to make it for her there.
Steve Chu, the restaurant’s owner, read the e-mail and quickly 　4　 with an alternative suggestion. He wrote, "I’d like to 　5　 you in person and make it fresh for you." Brandon Jones, the son-in-law, was 　6　, thanked him and told him the 　7　.
A day after receiving Brandon’s e-mail, Chu 　8　 his truck with necessary ingredients and then headed for the lady’s house. As soon as Chu 　9　 the parking lot, he got to work. After 　10　 boxing everything up, he knocked on the customer’s door.
"As soon as I opened the door for her, she recognized the aroma(香味)," Brandon says. "It smelled 　11　." The lady also recognized Chu. She said, "I can’t believe it. You drove all the way up here to cook for me " She was so happy and 　12　.
Brandon 　13　 Chu to join them for dinner, but he needed to get back. Chu also wouldn’t accept any 　14　 from them. "It was a(n) 　15　 to help fulfill their wishes," Chu says.
1. A.in response to B.on behalf of C.with regard to D.in view of
2. A.development B.vacation C.stage D.devotion
3. A.permission B.recipe C.knowledge D.request
4. A.replied B.declined C.commented D.declared
Cloze 2
5. A.protect B.envy C.call D.meet
6. A.extraordinary B.optimistic C.surprised D.elegant
7. A.location B.expectation C.avenue D.instruction
8. A.loaded B.compared C.swept D.equipped
9. A.broke into B.pulled into C.looked into D.ran into
10. A.neatly B.clumsily C.casually D.impatiently
11. A.frightening B.confusing C.amazing D.amusing
12. A.embarrassed B.touched C.ashamed D.inspired
13. A.persuaded B.urged C.forced D.invited
14. A.congratulation B.proposal C.generosity D.money
15. A.wonder B.preference C.honor D.affection
1.B　考查固定搭配。根据下文中的"who was now in the final 　2　 of lung cancer at her home"可知,这位男士的岳母此时处于癌症晚期,所以这位男士代表他岳母给餐厅发邮件。in response to"回应";on behalf of"代表";with regard to"关于,至于";in view of"鉴于,考虑到"。
2.C　考查语境语义。" in the final stage of lung cancer"表示处于肺癌晚期。stage"阶段,时期"。
3.B　考查复现信息。根据上文中的"asking for a dish recipe"和下文中的"make it for her"(为她做这道菜)可知,他希望得到这道菜的食谱。本空是上文中的"recipe"的原词复现。
4.A　考查生活常识。根据上文中的"read the e-mail"和下文中的"He wrote"以及生活常识可知,收到邮件,读完邮件后,接下来应回复(replied)邮件。
答案
本文是一篇记叙文,讲述了一位癌症晚期患者想吃一道她最喜欢的菜,热心的餐厅老板亲自到这位患者的家中,给她做了这道菜,满足了她的心愿。
【核心单词】　alternative adj. 可供替代的,备选的　fulfill vt. 履行;实现;满足
【核心短语】　ask for 恳求(给予)　in person 亲自　head for 前往　get back 返回,回去
【合成词】　e-mail n. 电子邮件 v. 给……发电子邮件　mother-in-law n. 岳母;婆母
【熟词新义】　box 常用义:n. 盒,箱 v. 击打　文章义: v. 把某物装箱(或盒、匣)
　　He opened the box and out jumped a frog. 他打开盒子,从里面跳出来一只青蛙。
　　I boxed up all my old toys and put them in the attic.我把旧玩具全都装进箱子,然后放到了阁楼里。
5.D　考查语境语义。根据下文中的"make it fresh for you"可知,餐厅老板想亲自和他们见面,当场给他们做这道菜。
6.C　考查逻辑推理。根据语境可知,他本是想要这道菜的食谱,但老板却提出亲自来给他们做,这是他没有想到的,令他很惊讶。
7.A　考查语境语义。 根据上文中的"I’d like to 　5　 you in person and make it fresh for you"可知,Brandon告诉了老板地址。
8.A　考查语境语义。根据下文中的"his truck with necessary ingredients"可知,此处表示把食材装上(loaded)卡车。
9.B　考查生活常识。根据生活常识可知,老板将车停在停车场。pull into"驶向路边(或某处)停靠"。
10.A　考查生活常识。根据生活常识可知,老板应是把所有东西整齐有序地(neatly)装箱收拾好,才去敲顾客的门。
11.C　考查语境语义。根据上文中的"As soon as I opened the door for her, she recognized the aroma(香味)"可知,Brandon为岳母一打开门,她就闻到了自己一直想吃的那道菜的香味,这种味道闻起来很不错,故选C。
12.B　考查逻辑推理。根据空前的"You drove all the way up here to cook for me"和" She was so happy"可知,餐厅老板Chu不辞辛苦开车来为她做这道菜,她应该是很开心,也很感动的。
13.D　考查语境语义。根据空后的"Chu to join them for dinner"可知,餐厅老板Chu为患癌症的岳母做了她一直想吃的那道菜,Brandon很感激他,所以Brandon邀请他留下来一起吃晚餐。
14.D　考查生活常识。根据生活常识可知,Chu是开餐厅的,通常给别人做菜后,别人应该要付钱的,但这一次Chu不会收他们的钱。
15.C　考查逻辑推理。餐厅老板为一个癌症晚期的患者做一道她一直想吃的菜,满足了她的心愿,这对于老板来说是一件很荣幸的事。
考点4　文化背景和生活常识
【考点突破】　完形填空的语篇一般选取原汁原味的英语文章,其涉及的文化背景知识非常丰富,且题目设置有时也会渗透着自然科学、中西方文化、人文习俗、历史文化等方面的知识。在做此类题时,考生可适当利用自身储备的文化背景知识和生活常识,对语境进行分析和判断,最后选出答案。这将会大大简化复杂的分析和判断过程。因此考生需要在平时的学习生活中积累有用的文化背景和生活常识,逐渐培养一定的判断能力,加强不同学科间知识的融合,提高综合能力。
话题:急救救人　主题语境:人与社会　核心素养:文化意识　词数:约274
[2022重庆南开中学四检] As 17-year-old Torri’ell Norwood drove through St. Petersburg, Florida, last February, the laughter from the four teenage girls inside her car quickly gave way to 　 1　. To avoid a truck, their car 　2　 into a tree.
As smoke rose from the car, a bystander shouted, "It’s about to 　 3　! Get out!" But Norwood’s driver’s side door was jammed shut by the strong impact. She 　4　 out through the window, along with two of her friends, who’d also 　5　 to free themselves, and ran for her life.
　6　, halfway down the street, she realized that her best friend, Simmons, wasn’t with them. Norwood ran back and found Simmons 　7　 in the back seat. "She wasn’t moving," Norwood told Inside Edition. She threw open the back door and pulled her friend out, 　8　 avoiding the broken glass. She dragged Simmons a few feet to safety and laid her on the ground. "I checked her pulse. "Nothing. "I put my head 　9　 her chest. " No sign of life. "That’s 　10　 I started CPR(心肺复苏)."
Norwood, who wants to pursue a 　11　 in medicine, had earned her CPR certificate just the day before. Kneeling on the lawn and looking down at her dying friend, Norwood knew she had 　 12　 little time to practice what she’d learned. She started pumping Simmons’s 　 13　 with her interlocked fingers and breathing into her friend’s mouth in hopes of filling her lungs with the kiss of 　 14　. And then, Simmons began 　15　 and gasping for air. The CPR had worked!
Had the accident happened a few weeks earlier, she might not have saved the life of her best friend.
1. A.applause B.screams C.silence D.whispers
Cloze 1
2. A.collapsed B.broke C.crashed D.fell
3. A.break up B.show up C.give up D.blow up
4. A.crawled B.flew C.slipped D.paced
5. A.planned B.failed C.managed D.promised
6. A.Besides B.Therefore C.Moreover D.However
7. A.unconscious B.relaxed C.dead D.asleep
8. A.randomly B.carefully C.gradually D.eagerly
9. A.against B.over C.off D.in
10. A.because B.where C.how D.when
11. A.policy B.career C.reform D.matter
12. A.particular B.perfect C.precious D.precise
13. A.stomach B.chest C.back D.leg
14. A.time B.power C.peace D.life
15. A.yawning B.sneezing C.coughing D.laughing
1.B　考查生活常识。根据下文的"To avoid a truck, their car 　2　 into a tree"和生活常识可知,车快要撞上树的时候车里的人应该是尖叫,因此笑声很快被尖叫声所取代,空处是"尖叫声",故选B。
2.C　考查语境语义。根据下文的"smoke rose from the car"可知,汽车撞上了树,故选C。 crash"碰撞,撞击"。
3.D　考查生活常识。根据生活常识可知,车子冒烟了,旁观者觉得车子快要爆炸了,故选D。break up"打碎,破碎";show up"露面"; give up"放弃"; blow up"爆炸"。
答案
本文是一篇新闻报道,主要讲的是Torri’ell Norwood利用心肺复苏抢救了昏迷不醒的朋友。
【核心单词】　pursue v. 追求,致力于
【核心短语】　give way to 被……替代;让……先行;让步　along with 与(某人)一道,一起 in hopes of 怀着……的希望
【合成词】　bystander n. 旁观者,局外人　halfway adv.在……中间,在中途　interlock v. (使)连锁,紧密连接;扣紧
【词缀变形】　laugh v. 笑;嘲笑→laughter n. 笑,笑声
【熟词新义】　pump 常用义:n. 抽水机,泵 v.用泵(或泵样器官等)输送　文章义:v. 快速上下(或内外)运动,上下(或内外)快速摇动
　　Using solar power to pump water causes lower costs at first. 首先,使用太阳能抽水可以降低成本。
　　He kept pumping my hands up and down. 他不停地摇晃着我的手。
4.A　考查语境语义。根据上文的"Norwood’s driver’s side door was jammed shut"和下文的"through the window"可知,驾驶员一侧的门被卡住了打不开,因此她和她的两个朋友一起从窗户爬了出去,故选A。
5.C　考查逻辑推理。根据下文的"halfway down the street, she realized that her best friend, Simmons, wasn’t with them"可推测出,Norwood和她的两个朋友都设法逃脱了。manage to do sth."设法做某事"符合语境,故选C。
6.D　考查逻辑推理。根据下文的"her best friend, Simmons, wasn’t with them"可知,此处描述的事情和前面是转折关系,表示"然而,她最好的朋友Simmons并没有和她们在一起",因此空处表示"然而",故选D。
7.A　考查语境语义。根据下文的"She wasn’t moving"可知,Simmons昏迷了,故选A。unconscious"昏迷的"。
8.B　考查语境语义。根据下文的"avoiding the broken glass"可知,她小心翼翼地避开碎玻璃,故选B。
9.A　考查语境语义。根据下文的"No sign of life"可知,Norwood把头靠在Simmons的胸前才发现她没有了生命迹象,因此空处是"紧靠",故选A。against"紧靠,倚,碰"。
10.D　考查语境语义。根据空后的"I started CPR(心肺复苏)"可知,Norwood发现Simmons没有生命迹象的时候就开始给她做CPR,故选D。
11.B　考查逻辑推理。根据下文的"in medicine, had earned her CPR certificate"可知,Norwood获得了CPR资格证,由此可推知,她想从事医学事业,故选B。
12.C　考查语境语义和生活常识。根据生活常识可知,抢救时时间是很宝贵的,又根据下文的"little time to practice what she’d learned"可知,Norwood知道她没有多少时间来练习她所学的知识了。particular"特定的"; perfect"完美的";precious"宝贵的"; precise"准确的"。
13.B　考查医学常识。根据医学常识可知,CPR是用交叉的手指按压病人的胸部,故选B。
14.D　考查生活常识。根据空前的"filling her lungs with the kiss of"及生活常识可知,抢救时,人工呼吸可以说是"生命之吻",空处表示"生命",故选D。
15.C　考查语境语义。根据下文的"gasping for air"及"The CPR had worked"可知,CPR起作用了,Simmons开始咳嗽,急促地喘着气,故选C。
话题:保护环境,从我做起　主题语境:人与自然　核心素养:文化意识　词数:约316
[2022江苏如皋一调]Bingley, a Sayre School student from America, decided that he would devote himself to studying the environment to have a broad influence on the community.
To reduce the carbon footprint, Bingley plan