Unit2 Lesson1
1．millionairen．百万富翁→millionn．百万
2．comfortably adv．舒服地，舒适地→uncomfortably adv．不舒服地；难受地→comfortableadj．舒服的，自在的→uncomfortableadj．不舒服的，不自在的→comfortn．舒服vt．安慰
3．professor n．教授profession n．行业；职业 →professional adj．专业的；职业的
4．symbol n．象征，标志→symbolically adv．象征性地→symbolize vt．象征；是…的象征→symbolic adj．专象征的；使用象征的
5．ultimateadj．最后的，最终的→ultimatelyadv．最终；最后
6．fortunen．运气；大笔的钱，巨款→fortunateadj．幸运的→fortunatelyadv．幸运地→unfortunatelyadj．不幸地
7．furniture n．家具→ furnish vt．布置家具
8．appreciatevt．欣赏，鉴赏→appreciationn．欣赏，感激→appreciative adj．感激的
9．hunger n．饥饿，饥荒→ hungry adj．饥饿的
10．guiltyadj．内疚的，羞愧的；有罪的→guiltn．内疚；悔恨
重点单词与短语精析
★课标词 ▲高频词
▲★1.appreciate
【用法归纳】
(1)vt.欣赏，赏识
You can’t really appreciate foreign literature in translation.看翻译作品不能真正欣赏到外国文学原著的美妙之处。
Her talents are not fully appreciated by her boss.她的才干没有得到老板的充分赏识。
(2)vt.感激，感谢
appreciate(sb./sb.’s) doing…感激(某人)做……
I would appreciate it if... (= I would be grateful if...)如果……，我将不胜感激。
We would appreciate you/ your letting us know of any problems.有任何问题请告诉我们，我们将不胜感激。
I’d appreciate it if you could let me know in advance whether or not you will be coming.
如果你能提前让我知道你是否要来，我将不胜感激。
【注意】
(1) appreciate后面不能接不定式。
(2) appreciate不用于进行时。它表示“感谢”时，常接“事”作宾语，与thank刚好相反，thank常构成“thank sb. for sth.(因某事而感谢某人)”结构。试比较：
I greatly appreciateyour help.我十分感谢你的帮助。
Thank you very much for your help.非常感谢你的帮助。
(3)vt.理解，意识到，领会
He didn’t fully appreciate the significance of signing the contract.他没有完全理解签署这份合同的意义。
【拓展】相关词语积累：
(1) appreciation n.[U]欣赏，赏识；感激；[U,sing.]理解，体谅
in appreciation of...感谢……
She shows little appreciation of good music.她感受不到美好音乐的妙处。
Please accept this gift in appreciation of all you’ve done for us.感谢你为我们所做的一切，请收下这件礼物。
She had no appreciation of the difficulties we faced.她没有体谅到我们所面临的困难。
(2) appreciative adj.感激的，感谢的；欣赏的，赏识的
[语境串记]Thanks so much for your help, I really appreciate it. Your teaching method helps children to develop the ability to appreciate poetry and literature. Words fail to express my appreciation to you.非常感谢你的帮助，我不胜感激。你的教学方法帮助孩子们培养了鉴赏诗歌和文学作品的能力。语言无法表达我对你的感激之情。
【练习】
1.选择下列句子中 appreciate的含义
①Just like me, most tourists will stophere to appreciate the wonderful view. C
②(2020·全国Ⅲ卷阅读理解七选五改编) You can also bring food or drinks toshare with the other guests. This is oftenappreciated since at a housewarming(乔迁聚会) there isn’t a lot of food served. A
③Those who are middle-aged can appreciate the importance of good health. B
A. to be grateful for sth. that sb. has done
B. to understand that sth. is true
C. to recognize the good qualities of sb./sth.
2.语法填空
① I’d appreciate it if you would like to teach me how to use the expression once more and I always appreciate you
helping (help) me with my English in the past.
② I appreciate being given (give) the opportunity to work in your company.
③In this letter, I would like to convey my sincere appreciation (appreciate) to you for your help.
[高频短语]2. give away
【用法归纳】
(1)捐赠，赠送(= donate)
The company has given hundreds of computers away to a local school.
这家公司已经把数百台电脑捐赠给了当地的一所学校。
(2)泄露，暴露
When you are filling in this form, never give away your personal information.
你填写这个表格的时候，不要泄露你的个人信息。
She tried to stay calm on the stage, but her trembling voice gave away her nervousness..
在舞台上她努力保持镇静，但是她颤抖的声音暴露了她的紧张。
(3)颁发，分发
The mayor gave away the prizes at the meeting.市长在会议上颁发了奖项。
【练习】判断下列句子中 give away的含义
①Oh, I gave those recipe books away to Aunt Rosie. She’s more interested in them than I ever was. 赠送
②I’m terrible at keeping secrets. My face goes beet red and gives me away every time. 暴露
③We have invited a famous actor to give away the prizes. 颁发
3. hunger
【用法归纳】
(1)n.[U]饥饿，饥荒
There is hunger in many parts of the world, even in rich countries.世界上很多地方，甚至在富有的国家里，都存在饥荒。
(2)n.[sing.](对某事物的)渴求，渴望vi.渴望
a hunger for sth.对某事物的渴望
have a hunger to do... 渴望做……
hunger for/ after... 渴望得到/渴求……
Nothing seemed to satisfy their hunger for truth.似乎没有什么能满足他们对真理的渴求。
He looked at the cake and you could see he was really hungering for it.他看着蛋糕，你可以看出他非常渴望得到它。
【拓展】相关词语积累：
(1) hungry adj.饥饿的；渴望得到……的
(2)表示“渴望(做)某事”的其他说法还有：
long for sth. be keen on sth.
have a desire/an urge for sth. long/desire to do sth.
be eager/anxious/greedy/thirsty/desperate/dying for sth.
have an urge/a desire to do sth.
be eager/anxious/ desperate/ dying/keen to do sth.
【练习】
1.语法填空
①Although he had a hunger for success, lack of work experience led to his failure.
②I have a hunger to find (find) a job in the city so that I can support myself.
③Our food is running out, so we must get some before we go hungry .
2.结合 hunger的用法完成句子
The whole world hungers for peace 或 has a hunger peace (渴望和平).
★4. guilty
【用法归纳】
(1)adj. 感到惭愧的，感到内疚的
be/feel guilty about...对……感到内疚
I saw my sister coming out of the room with a guilty look on her face.我看见妹妹脸上带着内疚的神情从房间出来。
I feel really guilty about not having written to you for so long.这么长时间没给你写信，我感到十分内疚。
(2)adj. 有罪责的，犯有罪的(反义词为 innocent)
be guilty of... 犯有……罪
When faced with the hard evidence he had to admit that he was guilty.在确凿的证据面前他只得承认他有罪。
He was found guilty of handling stolen goods. 他被判犯销赃罪。
【练习】
1.语法填空
①(2020·黑龙江哈尔滨三中期中) Having considered all the solid evidence, the court found him notguilty (guilt).
②I still feel guiltyaboutthings I saidto my mother when I was a teenager.
③While there was no obvious evidence, most people thought the man was guiltyofstealing some jewelry from the shop.
2.完成句子
我和我的孩子们在一起的时间太少，对此我感到内疚。
I feel guilty about spendingso little time with my children.
[高频短语]5. drop out
【用法归纳】 drop out是不及物短语动词，常单独使用，如后接宾语，则需加介词of。常见用法：
(1)不再参加，退出，脱离
If you decide to do something, never drop out halfway.你如果决定做某事，就不要半途而废。
He has dropped out of the activities held by this club.他已不再参加这个俱乐部举办的活动。
(2)退学，辍学
When I was twenty, I had to drop out and work in a cafe to help support my family.
二十岁时，我不得不辍学，去一家咖啡馆工作来帮助养家。
Sally dropped out of school for some unknown reason.不知何故，萨莉退学了。
【拓展】相关词语积累：
dropout n.[C]退学者，辍学者
a high-school/ college dropout中学辍学者/大学肄业生
【练习】判断下列句子中 drop out的含义
①John, the eldest of the eight children, had to drop out at the age of 16 to helphis father. 退学,辍学
②Not being content with the judge, threeplayers dropped out of the match.退出
重点句型详析
1. What I want is to live simply and be helpful to others. 我想要简单地生活并能帮助别人。
【句式剖析】此句中 What I want为What引导的主语从句，What在从句中作宾语。
【考点提炼】what引导名词性从句
(1)当what用作连接代词，引导名词性从句时，可引导主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句等。
(2)what在引导名词性从句时有两个重要的特点：一是它在相应的名词性从句中一定有含义常表示“……的东西/样子/事情等”；二是它在相应的名词性从句中一定作成分，常作主语、宾语、表语或定语等。
What he said at the meeting astonished everybody present.
他在会上说的话使在场的每个人都很惊讶。(What引导主语从句，并在从句中作宾语)
A survey shows people are confused about what they should eat to stay healthy.
一项调查显示，人们对应该吃什么来保持健康感到困惑。(what引导宾语从句，并在从句中作宾语)
Life is what happens to you while you’re busy making other plans.
生活就是你在忙于制订其他计划时发生的事情。(what引导表语从句，并在从句中作主语)
I have no idea what we should do next. 我不知道下一步我们该干什么。(what引导同位语从句，并在从句中作宾语)
【练习】判断下列句子中what引导的从句类型
①(北京高考单项填空改编) This is what my father has taught me—to always face difficulties and hope for the best.
表语从句
②(2020·天津5月阅读理解节选)Studying history can give us insight(洞察力) into why our culture does certain things, and how the past has shaped it into what we know now. 宾语从句
③What is known to us is that tobacco contains nicotine(尼古丁) and other harmful substance, so you should give up smoking. 主语从句
④Do you have any idea what is actually going on in the classroom 同位语从句
语法
【挖教材·语法示例】看下列教材中的句子，判断画线部分所作的成分。
1. For a lot of people, becoming a millionaire is a symbol ofsuccess and they set this as their ultimate goal. 主语
2. They spend half of their time dreaming up ways of getting richand achieving the success they expect, and the rest of their timethinking about all the things they will do once they become rich. 都作宾语
3.... but then they need to continue making money so they don’tlose the sense of success they have achieved.宾语
4. There is a small garden outside with a few fruit trees, whichJason enjoys taking care of. 宾语
5. Jason Harley decided to drop out of this kind of lifestyle, andhe discovered that having only a little money made him free. 主语
语法精讲
动词ing形式作主语、宾语和表语
动词-ing形式是非谓语动词的一种，在句中起名词的作用，同时保留动词的属性，可在句中充当主语、宾语、表语、定语、宾语补足语和状语等。本单元语法主要讨论其充当主语、宾语和表语。
【知识点1】动词-ing作主语
1. 意义：动词-ing作主语时常表示抽象的、习惯性的或经常性的动作。动词-ing有时态和语态的变化，且作主语时谓语动词通常用单数形式。
Before everything else, getting ready is the secret of success. [谚]做好准备是成功的首要秘诀。
Not giving enough praise can be just as damaging as giving too much.不给予足够的赞扬和给予太多的赞扬一样有害。
Seeing much, suffering much, and studying much are the three main sources of learning.
多见识，多经受，多学习是知识的三大来源。
2. 位置：动词-ing作主语时，可位于句首和句末。动词-ing位于句末时要用it作形式主语。用it作形式主语且动词-ing作真正的主语的常见句型：
It is no use/no good/ a waste of time/ not any help/ not easy/... + 动词-ing...
It won’t be any help learning grammar without doing any exercises.学习语法而不做练习是无益的。
It is no use buying books but not reading them.买书而不读是没有意义的。
【注意】动词-ing的复合结构作主语时，通常有两种形式：
①形容词性物主代词+动词-ing
②名词所有格+动词-ing
Their coming to help was a great encouragement to us. 他们前来帮忙对我们来说是极大的鼓舞。
Mike’s returning to work is a great help to us.迈克回来工作对我们来说是一大帮助。
【知识点2】动词-ing作宾语
动词-ing作宾语时，可位于动词之后，也可位于介词之后，具体用法如下：
1.常接动词-ing形式作宾语的动词及短语动词
appreciate(欣赏), consider(考虑), delay(耽误), avoid(避免), finish(完成), imagine(想象), miss(错过), mean(意味着), resist(抵制), risk(冒险), suggest(建议), mind(介意), escape(避开), admit(承认), allow(允许), give up(放弃), insist on(坚持), feel like(想要), lead to(导致), look forward to(期待,盼望)等(短语)动词后通常接动词-ing形式作宾语。
Do you mind passing me that dictionary 你介意把那本词典递给我吗
2.作介词的短语
动词-ing位于介词之后，构成介词短语，在句中作定语或状语。
These measures have created conditions for raising the output of steel. 这些措施为提高钢的产量创造了条件。
One never loses by doing a good turn. [谚]善有善报。
After looking at his watch, he hurried to the station.看了看表后，他匆忙赶往火车站。
【知识点3】动词-ing作表语
1.作表语的动词-ing有时体现的是名词的特性，解释说明主语的内容，且主语和表语可以换位。
What I am tired of is waiting here alone. (= Waiting here alone is what I am tired of.) 我厌烦独自在这里等。
My job is teaching you English. (Teaching you English is my job.)我的工作是教你们英语。
2.作表语的动词-ing有时具有形容词的特征，表示主语的性质或特征，主语和表语不可换位。
The news is encouraging.这条消息令人鼓舞。
基础练｜知识巩固｜时间：15分钟
一、单词拼写(用本部分所学单词)
1. Whether he is innocent or guilty is a decision that will be made when the case is heard in the court.
2. During college days, dormitories are the important places where college students live and study.
3.(2020·全国Ⅱ卷语法填空改编) Orange trees are more than decoration; they are a symbol of good fortune and
wealth.
4. The problem of world hunger is a hard nut to crack. I’m afraid that scientists need to put in more efforts to raise the
output of the crops.
5. China welcomed and appreciated(欣赏) the leading role and great efforts of the UN in addressing climate change.
6. Theultimate(终极的) goal of the show is to help spread China’s cooking culture to overseas people.
7.(2020·福建师大附中期中) After painted and furnished withfurniture (家具), the house will be used as a nursery.
8.(2019·全国Ⅲ卷阅读理解七选五改编) In an online class, developing healthy patterns of communication with professors (教授) is very important.
9. Sitting downcomfortably(舒适地), the two men killed time by chatting, taking a sip of tea now and then.
10.—The man in rags who was not allowed to enter the restaurant turned out to be amillionaire(百万富翁).
—So we cannot judge a person by his or her appearance. (2020·广东金山中学期中)
二、语法填空。在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
1. We’ve all faced the disappointment and guilt (guilty) that come from setting a goal and giving up it after a couple of weeks.
2.(2020·浙江读后续写改编)The hungry (hunger) bear followed his nose to our camp, which was surrounded by a high wire fence.
3.(2020·全国Ⅲ卷短文改错改编) Understanding her good intentions, I eat all the food that is provided by Mom with
appreciation (appreciate).
4. One of the runners has dropped out in the middle of the race.
5.(2020·全国Ⅲ卷阅读理解七选五改编) It also gives people a chance to see what the new home looks like.
6. He pretended not to care but that remark gave away his real opinion on the matter.
7. Information has been put forward that more high school graduates will be admitted into universities.
8. We greatly appreciate you giving (give) us a hand when we’re faced with troubles.
9.(2020·湖南师大附中模考) I will appreciate it if you can give me your advice.
10. Almost in the whole world, the dove is considered as the symbol of peace.
11. It’s not doing the things we like, but liking the things we have to do that makes (make)life happy.
二、完成句子
1. When I was much younger, Ihad a hunger for/hungered for(渴望) traveling and exploring mysterious things. (hunger)
2. The famous marathon runner has threatened to drop out of(退出) that race because of pollution.(drop)
3. The news that a scientist will give away prizes(一位科学家将要来颁奖的消息) pleases us very much.
(同位语从句 ; give)
4. A third of mothersfeel guilty about(感到内疚) going out to work and leaving the children alone.
语法练｜专项突破｜建议时间：15分钟
用括号内词的适当形式填空
1.(上海高考单项填空改编) Young people may riskgoing (go)deaf if they are exposed to very loud music every day.
2.(福建高考单项填空改编)Knowing (know) basic first-aid techniques will help you respond quickly to emergencies.
3.Shortly after suffering from the effects of a massive earthquake and being reduced (reduce) to ruins, the city took on a new look.
4.(安徽高考单项填空改编)Ignoring (ignore) the differencebetween the two research findings will be one of the worstmistakes you make.
5. In Hangzhou, borrowing books from the library is (be) now as simple and convenient as shopping online: click, pay and wait for delivery.
6.(2020·江苏南通调研)Being equipped(equip)with globalvision(视野) and the spirit of innovation is crucial toChina’s younger generation.
7.(天津市耀华中学期中) It is agreed thatreading(read) widely is one of the most effective ways to enlarge ourvocabulary.
8. I don’t think it is no goodhaving(have)another talkwith him over the matter.
9.Her(she)not coming back made her parents angry and sad.
10. Thepresident’s(president) attending the meeting gave them a big surprise.
11.(全国Ⅰ卷语法填空改编) Fast food is full of fat and salt; by eating(eat)more fast food people will get more saltand fat than they need in their diet.
12. My duties will includeintroducing(introduce)Britishvisitors to the pandas at Chengdu.
13.(2020·全国Ⅱ卷阅读理解七选五改编) And when your employees beginadding/to add(add)smiling emojis to theirbusiness communication, you’ll know you have succeeded in improving(improve) your work culture.
14. What I dislike isstaying(stay) up too late.
15. Afterlooking (look)at the toy for some time, he turnedaround and found his parents were missing.
16. Keep in mind that forgiveness doesn’t necessarily meanaccepting(accept) the actions of the person whoupsets you.
17. The speech you delivered is very interesting andencouraging(encourage).
18.(全国Ⅲ卷语法填空改编) I quickly lower myself,ducking(低下头) my head to avoid looking(look) directly into his eyes so he doesn’t feel challenged.
19.(2020·天津完形填空改编) All who participated havegained a positive outcome fromgetting (get) involved.
20. The teacher’s explanation of the problem was soconfusing(confuse) that most of us couldn’t understand.
综合练｜能力提升｜建议时间:7分钟
课文语法填空。阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
For a lot of people, 1.becoming (become)a millionaire is their ultimate goal, which they consider2. a symbol ofsuccess. But do all millionaires get the sense of success Somemillionaires continue to worry about money and make money sothey don’t lose the sense of success they have achieved. However, other millionaires 3. have turned (turn) their backs on theirmillions already and Jason Harley is one example.
Jason Harley was a millionaire sixteen years ago but hewas tired of being regarded as living a successful life, as aperson 4. who/that had everything while many people had nothing. So he gave all his money away to 5.charities (charity).Now helives in a small dormitory room 6. with only some second-handfurniture. What he wants is to live
7. simply (simple)and behelpful to others. He thinks his sense of achievement comes fromhelping others and finding true meaning in life.When 8. asked (ask) whether there is anything he misses, he replies,“I’mmuch9. happier (happy) now because I am living according to myvalues. Success is not measured by how much money you have 10. but by how you understand the true meaning of life.”
PAGEUnit2 Lesson2
1．influential adj．有影响力的→ influence vt．影响 n．影响
2．devote vt．把……奉献给；专心致力于→devoted adj．专心致志；忠诚的→devotion n．挚爱；奉献；忠诚
3．production n．生产；产量→ product n．产品→ productive adj．(尤指)多产的；生产的→
produce vt．生产 n．产品；(尤指)农产品
4．minimum n．最少量；最少数；最低限度 adj．最小的；最低的；最低限度的→ maximum n．最大限度；最大量；最高限度 adj．最高的；最多的；最大极限的
5．championship n．冠军称号，冠军地位→ champion n．冠军 vt．为…而斗争；捍卫；声援
6．publisher n．出版商→ publish v．出版；发行
7．reject vt．拒绝接受→rejection n．嫌弃，拒绝接受
8．motivating adj．起激励作用的；激发（人）的 → motivate vt．激励；成为…的动机；激发→motivation n．动机；动力；诱因
9．limitvt．限制，限定 n．[C]限度，限制；界限，范围→limitedadj．有限的→limitlessadj．无限制的，无界限的，无止境的→limitationn．[U]限制，控制；[C,usually pl.]局限，限度
10．distractionn．使人分心的事物→ distracted adj．心烦意乱；注意力分散的；思想不集中的→ distract vt．分散(思想)；转移(注意力)；使分心
11．convincevt．使确信；使信服；说服；劝说；使相信→convincedadj. 坚信的；深信的→convincing adj．令人信服的
重点单词与短语精析
★课标词 ▲高频词
▲★1.devote vt.献身，致力；把……用于
【用法归纳】
devote one’s life/ oneself to (doing) sth. 献身于/致力于(做)某事
devote one’s time/ energy/attention/... to (doing) sth. 把某人的时间/精力/注意力/……用到(做)某事上
She devoted all her life to medical work for Chinese women and children.
她把一生都奉献给了中国妇女和儿童的医疗工作。
Volunteers came with carloads of donated clothing and toys. Neighbors devoted their spare time to helping others rebuild.志愿者们带来了一车车捐赠的衣服和玩具。邻居们用他们的空闲时间来帮助别人重建(家园)。(北京高考)
【拓展】相关词语积累：
(1)devotion n. [U,sing.]关爱；奉献，专心
(2)devoted adj.挚爱的，忠诚的，全心全意的
be devoted to (doing) sth. 致力于(做)某事
be devoted to sb. 深爱某人/对某人忠诚
[语境串记]Mrs White, a devoted friend of mine, devoted all her energies to teaching. Her devotion to children made us vote for her; finally, she was promoted to headmistress. 怀特夫人是我的一位忠诚的朋友，她把全部精力都投入到教学中去了。她对孩子们的关爱使我们投票选了她；最终，她被提升为校长。
【练习】语法填空
①(2020·江西南昌二中检测) Part of his spare time is devoted to playing (play) the violin every day.
②The teacher’s selfless devotion (devote) to the cause of education is well known, and all her students respect and love her.
③(2020·天津部分区调研) Professor Zhong Nanshan devoted himself entirely to the battle against the COVID-19.
④Having devoted (devote) myself to learning English for years, I think I’m equal to the job because I am capable of communicating with foreigners in English fluently.
⑤You will never gain success unless you are fully devoted (devote) to your work.
③解析[having done是现在分词的完成式,它表示主动的动作,并且动作发生在谓语动词之前,此处作状语]
★2. contract
【用法归纳】
(1)n.[C]合同，契约vt.&vi.(使)签订合同，使立约
draw up a contract草拟合同
break the contract违反合同
sign/enter into/ make a contract(with sb.)(与某人)签订合同
contract with sb.与某人签订合同
contract(sb.) to do sth.(与某人)签订合同做某事
They could take legal action against you if you break(the terms of) the contract.
如果你违反合同(条款)，他们可以起诉你。
Don’t sign/enter into/make any contracts before examining its conditions carefully.
仔细核查合同条款之前，不要签定任何合同。
Our company was contracted to build shelters for the homeless.我们公司刚刚签订合同，为无家可归的人建造收容所。
(2)vt.&vi.(使)收缩；(使)缩小；(使)缩短
In spoken English,“do not”often contracts to“don’t”.在英语口语中, do not常常缩略成don’t。
As it cooled, the metal contracted.金属冷却后收缩了。
(3)vt.感染(疾病),得(病)
contract a disease/ a virus感染疾病/病毒
The virus appears to be more easily contracted by humans when they are exposed todiseased birds.
接触过患病禽类的人好像更容易感染上这种病毒。
【练习】判断下列句子中 contract的词性及含义
①Non-smokers are less likely to contractlung cancer than smokers. vt.感染(疾病)
②Their firm has contracted to build adouble-purpose bridge across the river. vt.&vi.(使)签订合同
③(2020·天津一中月考)—You are late for the morning assembly again!
—I’m terribly sorry. I was drawing up a contract almost the whole night. n.合同
④The exercise consists of stretching andcontracting the leg muscles. vt.收缩
▲★3. limit
【用法归纳】
(1)vt. 限制，限定；制约
limit...to...将……限制在某范围内
A lack of formal education will limit your job opportunities.缺乏正规教育会令你的就业机会受到局限。
The teaching of history should not be limited to dates and figures.教授历史不应该局限于讲年代和人物。
(2)n.[C]限度，限制；限额，限量；界限
within/ without limits在某种程度上，有一定限制/无限地，无限制地
set a limit/limits on... 对……进行限制
There is a/ no limit to... ……是有限度/无限度的。
I’m willing to help, within limits.我愿意帮忙，可有一定的限度
Our country has set strict limits on levels of pollution.我们国家对污染程度作了严格限制。
There is a limit to the amount of pain we can bear.我们能忍受的疼痛是有限度的。
【拓展】相关词语积累
[语境串记] I had been asked to limit my speech to ten minutes. Time was so limited that I had to cut the second example off my speech. Despite the limitations of my speech, it was well received and earned loud applause.我被要求把演讲限制在十分钟之内。时间很有限，我不得不删掉演讲中的第二个例子。尽管我的演讲有局限性，但还是深受欢迎，赢得了响亮的掌声。
【练习】
1.语法填空
①It’s possible to overcome your limitations(limit)to achieve well beyond what you believe yourself capable of.
②As we all know, a person’s life is limited, but knowledge islimitless. (limit)
2.结合limit的用法完成句子
①(2020·安徽合肥质检)故宫博物院为保护这座古老的建筑，对每日游客人数进行了限制。
The palace Museumhas set a limit on the number of itsdaily visitors/has limited the number of itsdaily visitors
to protect the ancient structure.
②(2020·浙江台州期末)医生建议青少年每天看电视的时间应限制在一小时之内。
Doctors suggest that teenagers’ screen time(should)be limited to one hour.
★4. convince vt. 说服，劝说；使相信，使信服
【用法归纳】
convince sb. to do sth.说服某人做某事
convince sb. (that)… 使某人相信……
convince sb. of sth. 使某人相信某事
I hope this will convince you to change your mind. 我希望这会说服你改变主意。
I tried to convince myself that the trouble was with the problem itself, not with me.我尽力说服自己，麻烦在于这个问题本身，而不在我。(天津高考)
You’ll need to convince them of your enthusiasm for the job. 你要使他们相信你对这份工作的热忱
【拓展】相关词语积累：
(1) convinced adj. 坚信，深信，确信(通常描述人的感受)
(be) convinced of/that... 坚信……，确信……
(2) convincing adj.令人信服的(通常描述物的特性
(3) convincingly adv.令人信服地；有说服力地
[语境串记]He tried to convince me of the truth of the news but he couldn’t provide convincing poof. Therefore, it seemed that he didn’t speak convincingly. 他尽力使我相信这个消息的真实性，但他无法提供令人信服的证据，所以他的说法似乎没有说服力。
【练习】
1.语法填空
Convinced (convince) that the Belt and Road Initiative(“一带一路”倡议) will benefit China’s economy, we are optimistic about the future of our country.
②Up to now, no one has come up with a convincing (convince) explanation of why dinosaurs died out.
③(2020·广东广州段考) When I came home, I really considered quitting. However, I convinced myself to keep (keep) at it and try harder.
2.完成句子
①(2020·广西桂林检测)In conclusion, you must convince me of your ability (使我相信你的能力) before you are employed.
②(2020·河北保定期末) A lot of research still has to be done, but researchers are convinced that crying can reduce stress . (确信哭能减轻压力)
基础练｜知识巩固｜建议时间:10分钟
一、单词拼写(用本部分所学单词)
1. Drivers are supposed to limit the speed in neighborhoods because children may be playing there.
2. To our great astonishment, he signed the unreasonable contract (合同).
3. With production (产量)up by 60%, the company has had another excellent year.
4. We should try to make good use of the advantages of the Internet and reduce the disadvantages to theminimum (最低限度) at the same time.
5. Seventeen publishers rejected (拒绝) the manuscript before Jenks saw its potential.
6.(2020·山东阅读理解改编) The tests show that the social environment is extremely influential (有影响力的)when we’re making decisions.
二、语法填空。在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
1. There is a limit to how much fresh fruit you can eatin a day.
2.(2019·天津阅读理解改编) Reading satisfies my desire tokeep learning. And I’ve found that the possibilities that liewithin books arelimitless(limit).
3. It is an area of outstanding natural beauty, and the numberof boats available for hire on the river islimited. (limit)
4. Being devoted(devote)to learning a second language, whetheryou are old or young, will add to a lot of fun and broadenyour horizons.
5. In the future, I will be a good doctor to heal the woundedand rescue the dying,devoting(devote)myself to my work.
6. Most importantly, she explains how to ask coworkers to be advisors, and how to deal withrejection . (reject)
7. Researchers have found clear andconvincing(convince) evidence that happiness is the key to better health andlonger lives.
8.(2020·天津完形填空改编) He convinced thepolicedepartmentto allow (allow)him to set up a couple of“chat benches”in two of their local parks.
9. Darwinwas convinced(convince) that the theory of evolution isbased on natural selection.
10. He tried to convince themofthe safety of travellingby airplane.
PAGE
- 6 -课时名称 The Importance of Failure
1.教材分析 [What]该文本属于“人与自我”主题，主题群为“做人与做事”，主要内容是通过描述J.K.罗琳、乔布斯、比尔 盖茨、王薇薇、李安等五人成功过程中的失败经历，阐述他们各自在失败中的所思所得，以具体的人物实例凸显失败的价值和意义。同时文末部分也分析了这些人物在面对失败挫折时展现的共性品质，进一步向读者传递如何面对失败、从失败中学习。[How]该文是一篇说明文，文本标题为TheImportanceofFailure，立场观点鲜明、语言简洁明确。正文部分结构清晰，主要由八段组成：前六段依次讲述了J.K.罗琳、乔布斯、比尔 盖茨、王薇薇、李安等五人在各自领域里的失败经历和成功所得，最后两段分别介绍了优秀品质grit的概念、意义以及如何去培养grit等。语篇采用第三人称，使用了丰富的语言来描写他们的经历和感受，例如：a little surprised, feltdespairandrejection,atotaldisaster,bitterlydisappointed,crushed等；同时，还直接引用了J.K.罗琳和乔布斯的原话，增强了表达效果，提升了感染力。[Why]该文本以五位优秀人物的励志经历为例，阐述了失败的价值和意义，让学生理解失败在生活中不可避免，要保持良好的心态并对失败做出理性的思考，改变对失败的悲观看法，利用失败的宝贵价值，激励学生面对失败、面对挫折时要勇往向前、无惧失败。
2.学情分析 本课执教的对象是高二学生，该班同学学习态度较认真，英语学习较为积极，一部分学生能用英语表达自己的观点，但也有部分同学性格偏内向，活跃度和灵活性不够。经过高中近一年多来的学习，学生的语言能力、学习能力和思维品质有了一定的提升；本课话题较易理解，但多数学生在逻辑推理、
批判评价和自信表达等方面仍比较欠缺，需要在教师的引导下进一步加强。
3.教学目标 学完本课后，学生能够：获取有关J.K.Rowling等五人失败经历的事实性信息；结合文本和视频，分析、阐释失败对于Vera Wang和Steve Jobs等人的意义以及他们如何应对失败；基于小组合作，讨论如何今后应对失败并理性看待失败的意义；完成诗句的仿写并加深对失败意义的理解。
4.重点难点 教学重点：分析、理解失败的意义以及文本中的人物如何应对失败。教学难点：感受失败的意义和价值，深化对文本主题的理解。
5.教学过程 教学目标 教学活动与步骤 设计意图 评价要点 时间与互动模式
复习回顾 Activity1:Show some pictures to review: What are the five secrets of success 关联上节课教学目标，为引导学生知晓如何获得成功做铺垫。 学生能够说出上节课中出现的成功秘诀。 2’ CW
引入主题 Activity2:Pose a question to students: What failures have you experienced Share the answers. 创设情境，激活学生已有语言和生活经历。 学生能够结合实际情况说出自己经历的失败。 2’ IW CW
获取有关J.K.Rowling 等五人失败经历的事实性信息 Activity3:Ask students to read the passage quickly. Then match the description with the person who experiencedit.Check answers as a class. 引导学生通过阅读获取相关事实性信息，并为下一环节讨论如何应对失败做铺垫。 读后学生能够完成匹配任务，教学环节自然过渡。 6’ IW CW
结合文本和视频，分析、 Activity4:Read and watch a video to answer the question: 在阅读文本的基 通过探究学
阐释失败对于 Vera Wang 和Steve Jobs等人的意义以及他们如何应对失败 How did Steve Jobs manage failure Activity5:Read and watch another video to answer the question:How did Vera Wang manage failure Check the answers. Then sum up how they managed failure and explain what grit is. 础上结合视频，引导学生分析、阐释失败对于他们的意义以及他们如何应对失败。 生能够得出相应的结论并意识到grit 的重要性。 16’ IW CW
基于小组合作，讨论今后如何应对失败并理性看待失败的意义 Activity6:Pose a question to students: Faced with failures, how are you going to manage them Then Share the answers.Activity7:Students are required to rethink the value offailure.Then share the understanding of thesentence:Failure is the mother of success. 鼓励学生基于小组合作，讨论今后如何应对失败并理性看待失败的意义。 学生能够基于讨论做出客观判断并发表观点。 10’ GW IW
完成诗句的仿写并加深对失败意义的理解 Activity8:Show students a poem which describes the significance of failure. Then let them do the imitationwriting.Share their answers. 通过完成诗句的仿写加深对失败意义的理解。 学生能够完成诗句的仿写并输出对失败意义的理解。 6’ GW IW
巩固课堂教学目标 HomeworkListen to a TED talk on the key to success. Then share the feelings afterclass.Do a picture talk exercise. Try to use your own words to describe thepicture. 进一步加深对知晓如何获得成功的理解。 学生能够通过观看演讲和看图说话加深对如何获得成功的理解。
6.板书设计
7.设计思路 Success这一单元属于人与自我主题语境中的做人与做事。本单元的主题意义在于构建对success 的认知、态度和行为选择，基于这个主题意义，本单元的教学目标应该分为三块：认识什么是成功；知晓如何获得成功以及理解成功的内涵。在单元主题意义的引领下对单元内的语篇进行整合、重组： lesson2的语篇内容是通过成功人士的例子阐述成功的五个秘诀，语篇主题为获得成功的五个秘诀； ReadingClub2的语篇内容是罗琳等五人经历多次失败之后获得成功的经历，语篇主题为失败是成功之母。在此基础上，我试图建立lesson2与ReadingClub2之间的联系，并将两课合成的课程目标设置为：知晓如何获得成功、正确认识失败。结合英语学习活动观的三个层次，本课时设计四个教学目标，在学习理解类活动中，首先是感知注意环节，两个步骤，复习前课，让学生注意到两课的关联性；让学生回答经历过什么样的失败，激活学生的已有知识，铺垫对应的主题。然后通过阅读进入获取梳理事实性信息的环节，启发学生思考失败的不可避免，进一步激活学生的经验。在应用实践活动中，通过提出问题-分析问题-解决问题的方式，对失败的意义和他们是如何应对失败展开分析和阐述，至此，完成本课教学目标1和2。在迁移创新活动中，启发学生联系个人实际，引导学生再次关注如何面对失败，在此基础上，鼓励学生借助小组合作的方式开展批判与评价活动，谈谈对失败是成功之母这句话的认识，同时带领学生欣赏与主题关联的一首诗，通过朗读和仿写的形式，开展想象与创造的活动，进而加深对失败意义的理解，对应的本课教学目标3和4。最后作业是通过看和写的形式进一步巩固课时目标，加深主题意义的理解。
PAGE
1Unit2 Topic talk
1．persistentadj．坚持的；执意的→persistently adv．坚持地，固执地→persistence n．坚持不懈；执意
2．Determinedadj．坚定的，坚决的→determinationn．[U]决心，果断，坚定；(正式）决定，确定 →determinevt.&vi.决心，决定
3．optimisticadj．乐观的，乐观主义的→optimism n．乐观，乐观主义→→pessimisticadj．悲观的，厌世的，悲观主义的→pessimism n．悲观，悲观主义
4．disciplined adj．遵守纪律的→discipline n．纪律
5．committed adj．坚定的；尽心尽力的→commitment n．投入，忠诚，奉献；承诺→ commit v．犯；做出承诺；答应
6．enthusiastic adj．热心的，热衷的→enthusiastically adv．热情地；热心地→enthusiasm n．热情；热心→enthusiast n．热心者，爱好者
7．ambitiousadj．有雄心的，有抱负的→ambitionn．[U]雄心，野心，抱负；[C]追求的目标，凤愿
8．appreciative adj．感激的→appreciatevt．欣赏，鉴赏→appreciationn．欣赏，感激
9．injuryn．伤害，损害→injure vt．伤害，损害→injured adj．受伤的
10．cooperationn．合作，协作 →cooperate vi．合作；协作；协助；配合
11．employeen．雇员 →employer n．雇主
重点单词与短语精析
★课标词 ▲高频词
▲1. determined adj. 坚决的，坚定的；决心，决定
【用法归纳】
be determined to do sth. 决心/决定做某事
be determined that... 决心……
Surprised at how skillful they were, I was determined to be just as good.
惊奇于他们的技术是如此娴熟，我决心要跟他们一样优秀。
Determined to increase the production of rice, Yuan Longping, with his team, has overcome many difficulties.
一心想要增加大米产量，袁隆平和他的团队克服了很多困难。
He was determined that the same mistake would not be repeated.他决心不重蹈覆辙。
【拓展】相关词语积累：
determine to do sth.决定做某事(强调动作) determine vt.决定；确定 determination n.[U]决心，果断，坚定
determine on/upon sth. 决定某事 determined adj.坚决的，坚定的；决心，决定
【注意】determine to do sth.和be determined to do sth.都表示“决心做某事”，但前者强调动作，不能与表示时间段的时间状语连用；后者强调状态，表示已经下定决心，可与表示时间段的时间状语连用。
【练习】语法填空
①Through the activity, what I felt is that I am able to shoulder the responsibility and become more determined (determine).
②(2020·浙江台州检测) Johnson had made up his mind to give it up, but on second thought, he determined to try (try) a third time.
③(2020·山东阅读理解改编) Write a poem about how courage, determination (determine), and strength have helped you face challenges in your life.
④Encouraged by a famous dancer, the little girl is determined to do (do) what she is interested in.
⑤Mark told Jenny he would only complete half the plan if he started next Tuesday. Later, he determined on an early start.
▲2. committed adj. 尽心尽力的，坚定的，坚信的
【用法归纳】
be committed to (doing) sth. 对(做)某事很坚定
Mr Li is a committed teacher, who is very popular among students.李老师是一位尽职尽责的老师，很受学生欢迎。
The party has a lot of committed supporters.这个政党有很多坚定的支持者。
We are fully committed to these educational policies.我们完全支持这些教育政策。
【拓展】相关词语积累：
(1) commit ①vt.承诺，保证；做(错事)，犯(罪)
commit oneself to (doing) sth. 承诺(做)某事
be committed to (doing) sth. 承诺(做)某事
commit a crime/ a mistake 犯罪/犯错误
I have committed myself to joining the task for at least the coming year.我已答应至少明年要参与这项工作。
②vt. 投入(钱、时间、人力等)
commit...to... 投入……于……
A lot of money has been committed to this project. 这个项目已经投入了很多钱。
(2) commitment n.[C,U]许诺，承诺；[U](对工作或活动的)献身，奉献，投入；[C,U]花费，使用(资金、时间、人力)
make a commitment to sb./sth. 对某人/某物作出承诺
make a commitment to do sth. 保证/承诺做某事
[语境串记]John made a commitment to his mother that he would be a musician Since then, he has been committed to practising the piano.约输对他的妈妈承诺，他会成为一名音乐家。从那时起，他一直坚持练习弹钢琴。
【练习】语法填空
①We will remain committed (commit ) to the path of peaceful development and shoulder more international responsibilities.
②(江苏高考完形填空改编) But he quickly found that he loved playing this instrument(乐器), and was committed to
practicing (practice) it so that within a couple of months he was playing reasonably well.
③The President made a commitment (commit) to the nation that he would struggle for lower taxes and improve health care after taking office.
★3. enthusiasticadj. 热情的，热心的，热烈的
【用法归纳】
be enthusiastic about(doing)sth.对(做)某事热心/感兴趣
Little Tom was so enthusiastic about Chinese and after six months’ learning, he couldspeak it quite fluently.
小汤姆对中文十分感兴趣。学习了六个月后，他能说得相当流利。
【拓展】相关词语积累：
(1) enthusiasm n.[U]热情，热心，热忱with enthusiasm怀着热情
(2) enthusiast n.[C]热心者，爱好者
(3) enthusiastically adv.热情地
[语境串记]The enthusiasts for environmental protection are planting trees with great enthusiasm, which makes us more enthusiastic about environmental protection.环保热心人士正在热情十足地植树，这使我们对环保更加感兴趣了。
【练习】语法填空
①(2019·北京阅读理解改编) Moore is enthusiastic about the candy she created, and she’s also positive about what the future might bring.
②(陕西高考单项填空改编) Although Rosemary had suffered from a serious illness for years, she lost none of her
enthusiasm (enthusiastic) for life.
[高频短语]4. make sense
【用法归纳】
make sense是不及物短语动词，其常见用法如下：
(1)讲得通，有道理
He doesn’t talk much, but what he says makes sense.他话不多，但言之有理。
(2)易于理解，表述清楚
Sth. makes sense to sb. 某事为某人所理解。
No matter how I read it, this sentence doesn’t make any sense to me. 我无论怎么读，都不理解这个句子。
(3)是明智的，合乎情理
It makes sense to do sth. 做某事是明智的。
It makes good sense to save money for a rainy day. 存一些钱以备不时之需是很明智的。
【拓展 】归纳make sense of的用法:
make sense of是及物短语动词，意为“理解，弄懂(不易理解的事物)”，主语通常是人。
I can’t make sense of this poem, but perhaps I will if I read it for several times.
我读不懂这首诗，但我再读几遍或许就能懂了。
基础练｜知识巩固｜建议时间：15分钟
一、单词拼写(用本部分所学单词)
1. Looking up from the moon’s surface, the astronauts were able to see the great shining earth.
2. Until now, I still feel greatly appreciative of his helping me without hesitation when I was in trouble.
3. He suffered a serious knee injury that forced him to dropped out of the team.
4. Being a high school teacher is a very demanding career , however, it is also very rewarding.
5. Light-hearted and optimistic , she is the sort of woman to spread sunshine to people through her smile.
6. This is important if you want to be a high achiever in life. Every successful person is highly disciplined (遵守纪律的).
7.(2020·全国Ⅱ卷阅读理解七选五改编) It’s been reported that 76 percent of employees (雇员) in some westerncountries are using emojis(表情符号) at work.
8. The determined (坚定的) look in their eyes told us that nothing could make them change their mind.
9. We need to make committed (尽心尽力的) efforts to address these problems.
10. If they win the final tonight, the team are going to tour the city to be cheered by their enthusiast (热情的) supporters.
11. She’s an ambitious (有抱负的) young professional that any company would be glad to have.
12. Contact between different cultures would contribute to more cooperation (合作) and further communication of the two sides.
二、语法填空。在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
1. Young people should believe that anything is possible and that nothing can stand in their way with determination (determine) and perseverance(毅力).
2. If you are determined (determine ) and focused, you’ll be amazed at what you can achieve.
3. They expressed cautious optimism (optimistic) about the solution to the crisis.
4. Expressing his thoughts in colours and lines was how this painter made sense of the world.
5. We are committed to getting (get) it done and we expect real progress at these meetings.
6.(2020·江苏完形填空改编) And tens of millions in Africa and Asia can see because of the commitment (commit) Wilson made to preventing the preventable. [由于威尔逊对预防可预防疾病的承诺，非洲和亚洲的数千万人可以看到。]
7.(2020·全国Ⅱ卷阅读理解改编) But some ecologists andfashion(时装)enthusiasts(enthusiastic)are trying to bringback the market for fur made from nutria(海狸鼠).
8.(2019·天津阅读理解改编) With high motivation andenthusiasm(enthusiastic), we can keep on learning.
9. Ambition (ambitious) plays an essential role because itserves as a driving force for people to achieve success.
10.(2020·全国Ⅰ卷阅读理解改编) As a result, she says, some of theinjuries(injury)associated with running, as runners knee, are uncommon among race walkers.
11. It makes senseto buy(buy)a house now becauseprices will certainly go up soon.
PAGE
- 5 -Unit 2 Success
Review Articles & Writing Workshop
教学目标与核心素养：
知识目标：To review articles and learn some information about writing a life story.
能力目标：To grasp how to write a life story.
教学重难点
教学重难点：Students shall grasp how to write a life story.
课前准备：多媒体，黑板，粉笔
教学过程：
一、Pre-class
1. Greeting
学生活动：教师和学生们问候，然后让学生打开课本39页，首先结束一下之前的一个遗留问题：冠词。复习一下学习过的冠词的用法。教师让学生们来完成下面的Ⅰ的两个题，然后教师和学生再来一起来看。完成后，教师对冠词作一下总结。
Ⅰ. Complete the sentences with definite article the or zero articles.
1. Why do Olympic athletes push themselves tolimits
2. I missbirthday parties, ruin family holidays and skip nights out.
3. "We're worried about you." said my friend from acrosstable.
4. Don't they know how hard it is to be attop in sport
5. …because I was too busy hiring a car in downtownJohannesburg.
6. I was born with an enormous amount ofdrive and determination.
7. I wasonly girl in a rugby club of 250 boys.
8. But if your dream is to bebest and reach the winner's platform, you had better be totally committed to your sport.
Find examples for the rules about definite article the and zero articles from the sentences in Activity 10.
We use the definite article the:
· when there is only one of something (e.g. the top).
· when we refer to something unique (e.g.).
· for superlatives (e.g.).
· for known things that co not need to be introduced or explained (e.g.).
· for certain idioms (e.g.).
We use the zero article:
· with proper nouns, i.e. the names of people and places (e.g.).
· with plural countable nuns referring to things in general (e.g.).
· with uncountable nouns referring to something in general (e.g.).
活动目的：让学生回顾并巩固冠词的一些用法。
学生活动：在完成上面的所有任务后，教师让学生举手回答下面的问题。然后教师和学生一起来看这些题。
Ⅱ. Complete the sentences with "the" or "/".
1. How far is it fromcapital city
2. Did you seelast episode of Heroes
3. I've bought a new phone.phone's got a fantastic camera.
4. Who isbest singer at the moment
5. All children should dosports when they are atschool.
6. Is thathouse where you grew up
活动目的：看看学生们对之前的学习，学生对其的掌握程度如何，然后再制定相关教学计划。
2. Leading-in
学生活动：在完成了上面的复习内容后，进入下一个模块，要求学生以小组的形式讨论下面的问题。
Pair Work You are going to write a life story of a person you like or admire. Discuss with your partner.
·Who are you going to write about
·What is special about him/her
·What big events did he/she experience in his/her life
活动目的：引出这一部分即将要学的内容，把学生们的注意力吸引到新的学习内容上来。
While-class
1. 学生活动：要求学生阅读课本40页的文章内容并来回答下面5个问题。
Read the article. Answer the questions.
1) Who is Lang Ping
2) Why was Lang Ping named "Iron Hammer"
3) What is Lang Ping's experience as an athlete
4) What is Lang Ping's experience as a coach
5) Why do people like Lang Ping
活动目的：锻炼学生的快速获取信息的能力，初步了解文章内容，为后面的写作教学打下基础。
2. 学生活动：要求学生完成课本41页的第3和第4题。
Label the paragraphs (a-c) in the boxes of each paragraph.
a important life or work experiences of the person
b general introduction of the person
c major awards and comments
Write 2-3 sentences about the person that you are going to write about. Use the Sentence Builder to help you.
活动目的：为一步的写作奠定基础。
3. 学生活动：按照步骤，一步一步进行，来进行写作。
Find more detailed information about the person you are going to write about.
Outlining Complete the outline of the person's life story based on Activity 3.
Drafting Use your outline and the Writing Help to write your first draft.
Editing Edit your essay in pairs. Then share what you have written in class.
活动目的：让学生们掌握如何写一篇人物介绍类的文章，明白其具体流程。
三、After-class
教师活动：对上面学生们的文章进行有针对性的讲评，指出优缺点。
活动目的：让学生明白自己文章的优缺点，使其能针对性地改正自己出现的问题，提高自己的写作水平。
四、Summary
总结课上所学冠词和写一篇人物介绍类的文章的具体流程。
作业布置。
PAGE
- 6 -
