高中英语必修3 学案

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高考英语 教材梳理 必修3
Unit 1 Festivals around the world
单元要点预览 (旨在让同学整体了解本单元要点)
词汇部分 词语辨析 1. take place / happen / occur / come about / break out 2. celebrate / congratulate 3. gather / collect 4. award / reward
词形变化 1. beauty n.美,美丽;美人,美的东西 ____________ adj. 美的,美丽的 _______________adv.美丽地;优美地 ____________v.美化,变美
2. religion n. 宗教,信仰 ___________ adj.宗教的,虔诚的
3. satisfy vt. 满足;使满意 _____________ n.满意 __________ adj.令人满意的______________ adj.感到满意的
4. arrive vi. 到达,到来 __________ n. 到达,到来,到达者/物
5. depend vi. 依靠,信赖, 决定于 ___________ adj.依靠的,依赖的______________adj.独立的,自主的 _____________ n.信赖,依赖_____________n. 独立,自立
6. energy n. 活力,精力,能源 ____________ adj. 精力充沛的,充满活力的 _____________ adv. 精力充沛地,积极地
7. apologize vi. 道歉,认错 ____________ n. 道歉,认错
8. sad adj. 悲哀的;十分糟糕的,令人伤心遗憾的 _________ adv. 悲哀地;凄惨地 __________ n.悲哀;悲痛;凄惨
重点单词 1. mean (meant, meant) vt.&vi.____________________2. starve vi.&vt_____________________3. belief n. [c,u] ______________________4. gain vt.____________ n.[c,u] ___________ 5. admire vt. __________________ 6. permission n.[u]____________________7. remind vt. _____________________8. forgive (forgave, forgiven) vt. _____________________
重点词组 1. take place__________________2. in memory of ________________3. dress up ________________________4. play a trick on_____________________________5. look forward to___________________________6. turn up _________________________7. keep one’ s word _______________________8. hold one’ s breath _____________________________9. set off _____________________________
重点句子 1. The country is covered with cherry tree flowers so that it looks as though it might be covered with pink snow. 2. It was obvious that the manager of the coffee shop was waiting for Li Fang to leave.
重点语法 情态动词的两类重要用法:1.表示推测 2.征询意见(见语法部分)
语言要点(模块)
Ⅰ.词语辨析 (旨在提供完形填空所需材料)
1. take place / happen / occur / come about / break out
【解释】take place表示“发生、举行、举办”,一般指非偶然性事件的“发生”,即这种事件的发生一定有某种原因或事先的安排。happen作“发生、碰巧”解,一般用于偶然或突发性事件。occur作“发生、想到、突然想起”解,其意义相当于happen。come about表示“发生、产生”,多指事情已经发生了,但还不知道为什么,常用于疑问句和否定句。break out意思为“发生、爆发”,常指战争、灾难、疾病、火灾或者争吵等事件的发生,也可以表示突然大声叫喊等。
【练习】根据句子的意思翻译或按要求填词。1). Great changes have _________ (发生) in our hometown during the past ten years.2). _____________________ (我突然想起) I saw him on my way home yesterday.3). I _________ (碰巧) to see your sister crying on my way to school yesterday. I was in such a hurry that I had no time to ask what had happened ________ (介词) her 4). When the Second World War _________ (爆发), Tom was only a newborn infant. 5). I’ ll never understand how it _________ (发生) that you were late three times a week.6). A big earthquake _________ (发生) in the south of China last year.
2. celebrate / congratulate
【解释】celebrate“庆祝”,后面跟某个节日或物。congratulate“祝贺”,一般搭配为congratulate sb. on (doing)sth.“祝贺某人某事”。
【练习】根据句子的意思在括号里填入适当的词。1). We all ________ Jessica on her winning the first prize in the writing competition. 2). At Christmas the people in the western countries will ________ the birth of Jesus.3). Let’s hold a party to ________ your birthday and at the same time ________ you _______ your passing the examination.
3. gather / collect
【解释】gather 用途较广泛,可用于人、物或无形的抽象事物,如人群的集合,食品、财产、文件、书籍等的收集。强调将分散的东西收集在一起。collect 强调为了研究目的而做的有鉴别、有计划的收集,并指为了爱好而做的有条理的安排,对某些事物进行逐渐的收集 这两词用不及物动词时用,常可互换,都表 “ 聚集;聚拢 ” 。
【练习】根据句子的意思在括号里填入适当的词。1). The dustmen ________ the rubbish once a week. 2). A group of people were ________ at the accident spot.3). She ________ up her scattered belongings and left. 4). So when did you start ________ antique glass
4. award / reward
【解释】award n.“奖品”、“奖金”,指因为作出杰出成就而受奖win/get/receive an award for sth.vt.“授与”、“颁发”、“判给” award sb. sth. = award sth. to sb. reward n.“赏金”、“酬金”或一些非金钱的报酬as a rewardvt. 表示“报答”、“酬谢”之意 reward sb. for sth. / reward sb. with sth.
【练习】根据句子的意思在括号里填入适当的词。1). They ________ John the first prize in the contest. 2). Is that how you ________ me for my help 3). The film won an ________ ________ its photography.
Ⅱ.词性变化(旨在提供语法填空所需材料)
1. ________n.美,美丽;美人,美的东西 beautiful adj. 美的,美丽的__________adv.美丽地;优美地 beautify v.美化,变美
2.____________n. 宗教,信仰 religious adj.宗教的,虔诚的
3. satisfy vt. 满足;使满意 _______________ n.满意 ______________ adj.令人满意的______________感到满意的
4. ____________ vi. 到达,到来 arrival n. 到达,到来,到达者/物
5. depend vi. 依靠,信赖, 决定于 ________________ adj.依靠的,依赖的_________________ adj.独立的,自主的 ___________ n.信赖,依赖________________ n.独立,自立
6. energy n. 活力,精力,能源 ____________ adj. 精力充沛的,充满活力的 ______________ adv. 精力充沛地,积极地
7. _______________ vi. 道歉,认错 apology n. 道歉,认错
8. sad adj. 悲哀的;十分糟糕的,令人伤心遗憾的 ____________ adv. 悲哀地;凄惨地 _______________n.悲哀;悲痛;凄惨
【练习】用括号内所提供词的适当形式填空。1). We should respect the ________ (religion) activities of the local people. 2). To the experts’ _________ (satisfy), the sick child had a quick recovery.3). He is the most _________ (energy) boy I have ever met. 4). Nowadays lots of young people want financial ________ (depend) .5). Mike was arrested on his ________ (arrive) from New York.6). You must make an ________ (apologize) to your sister for being so rude.7). He expressed his ________ (sad) about what had happened.8). Their house is ________ (beauty) decorated.
Ⅲ.重点词汇(旨在提供词汇综合运用所需材料)
1. mean (meant, meant) vt.&vi. 意思是;意味着;打算;预定
[典例]
1). The sign means that the road is blocked.
2). What do you mean to do with it
3). I mean you to work as our spokesman.
[重点用法]
1.(sth.) mean doing sth.________________ 2. (sb) mean to do sth. ___________________
3.had meant to do sth. _________________ 4.be meant for _________________________
5.(sth.) be meant to do sth. ________________________
6. What do/did you mean by... ________________________
[练习] 按要求填空或翻译。
1). Can you tell me what this sentence______ (mean)
2). Your friendship ______ (mean) a great deal ______ (介词) me.
3). In some parts of London, missing a bus means ______ (wait) for another hour.
4). What did he mean ______ (介词) saying that remark
5). I ______ ______ ______ ______(本来打算来)yesterday, but I had an unexpected visitor.
6). 这些房间是打算用作少年活动中心的。
_______________________________________________________________________________
2. starve vi.&vt. (使)饿死;饿得要死 starvation n.[u] 饿死
[典例]
1). The enemy is trying to starve us to death.
2). I’ m starving; let’ s have a big dinner.
3). He said he would starve rather than beg for food.
[重点用法]
starve to death = die of starvation/hunger_______________ starve sb to death ____________
starve for sth. = be starved of sth. = hope/long for sth. _____________________________
[练习] 用starve的短语的适当形式填空。
1). Thousands of people ________ ________ ________ in Africa.
2). These children are ________ ________ love.
3). The people on the island _______ _______ _______ fresh water since it hadn’t rained for nearly half a year.
3. belief n. [c,u] 信任;信仰;信心 believe vt.&vi. 相信
[典例]
1). He has great belief in his doctor.
2). She has lost her belief in God.
[重点用法]
1. have belief in sth/sb ____________________________________________
2.beyond belief_______________
3.in the belief that... _________________
4.It is my belief that... ____________________________
[练习] 用belief的短语填空。
1). He came to me ________ ________ ________ ________ I could help him.
2). ________ ________ ________ ________ that nuclear weapons are immoral.
3). The cruelty of the murders was ________ ________.
4. gain vt. 获得;得到 n.[c,u] 收获;获利
[典例] 该词有三种含义:
1). 表示经过努力一点一点地获得自己渴望的东西
He has gained rich experience in these years. 这些年他已获取了丰富的经验。
2). 表示速度、重量等慢慢增加
He gained weight after recovery from his illness. 康复后他的体重增加了。
3).(钟,表)走快
This clock gains five minutes a day. 这只钟每天快5分钟。
[重点用法]
gain experience / fame / independence ____________________
gain sth. from __________________________
gain other’ s respect / love / trust __________________________________
No pains, no gains. ______________________。
5. admire vt. 赞美;钦佩;羡慕 admiration n.[u] 钦佩;羡慕
[典例]
1). I admire your courage and wisdom.
2). I admired the way she had coped with life.
[重点用法]
admire sb. for sth./ doing sth. __________________________
in admiration_____________________________
[练习] 中译英。
1). 我们都钦佩他的勇气和胆识。
_______________________________________________________________________________
2). 所有认识他的人都羡慕他取得诺贝尔化学奖。
_______________________________________________________________________________
3). 我钦佩地看着那小女孩弹钢琴。
_______________________________________________________________________________
6. permission n.[u] 许可;允许 permit vt.准许;许可;允许 permit n. 许可(证);执照
[典例]
You have my permission to leave.
[重点用法]
with/without (one’ s) permission_______________________
ask sb. for permission ________________________________
give sb. permission to do sth.: permit sb. to do sth.___________________
have one’ s permission__________________________________
[练习] 完成句子或用括号内所提供词的适当形式填空。
1). They entered the area _______ _______ (未经允许).
2). The prison authorities permit _______ (visit) only once a month.
3). We have arranged to play tennis on Saturday, weather _______ (permit).
4). You will need to obtain planning _______ (permit) if you want to extend your house.
答案:1). _________________________ 2). __________________
3). ___________________ 4). ______________________________
7. remind vt. 提醒;使想起
[典例]
1). This story reminds me of my childhood.
2). I reminded Gerald of his promise.
3). Please remind me to write to my mother tomorrow. 请提醒我明天给我母亲写信。
[重点用法]
remind sb. of sth.______________________ remind sb. of / about sth. _____________________
remind sb. to do sth.__________________ remind sb. that... ______________________
[练习] 中译英。
1). 这些照片使我想起我的童年。
_______________________________________________________________________________
2). 请提醒我要每天服三次药。
_____________________________________________________________________________
8. forgive (forgave, forgiven) vt. 原谅;饶恕
[典例]
1). I’ ll never forgive you! 我永远都不会饶恕你!
2). He asked us to forgive him for what he had done wrong. 他请求我们原谅他的错误。
[重点用法]
forgive sb. (for) sth.____________________ forgive doing sth. ______________________
[练习] 完成句子或用括号内所提供词的适当形式填空。
1). I’ ll never ______ ______ ______ ______ (因你所说的话而原谅你) you said to me.
2). They ______ (forgive) him for his crimes.
3). Forgive my _______ (interrupt) you.
Ⅳ.重点词组(旨在提供词汇综合运用所需材料)
1. take place vi. 发生;举行
[典例]
1). The football match will take place tomorrow. 足球赛将在明天举行。
2). The accident took place/ happened only a block from my home. 事故发生在离我家仅一个街区远的地方。
[短语归纳]
take the place of___________________ in place of___________________
take sb’ s place / take the place of sb. _______________________________
in the last place _________ in place __________________________
out of place__________________________
in the first place ___________________________
in one’s place ____________________________
[练习] 用place短语的适当形式填空。
1). A little gratitude would be _______ _______.
2). I’ m at a loss what to do next. What would you do (if you were ) _______ _______ _______
3). Plastics have _______ _______ _______ _______ many other materials.
4). We use plastics _______ _______ _______ many other materials.
5). While the manager was on holiday, he _______ _______ _______.
2. in memory of = to the memory of 纪念;追念
[典例]
1). Many ceremonies are in memory of famous people. 很多典礼是为了纪念名人的。
2). The statue was built in memory of the famous scientist. 这个雕像是为了纪念那为有名的科学家而建立的。
[短语归纳] in + n. + of 短语:
in honour of _______________________ in praise of ________ in favor of___________
in charge of ________ in need of ________ in search of ______________ in possession of ___________
in place of _______________
[练习] 用in + n. + of构成的词组填空。
1). A monument was set up ______ ______ ______ the dead soldiers.
2). He founded the charity (兴办那项慈善事业)______ ______ ______his late wife.
3). If you are ______ ______ ______ anything, don’ t hesitate to let me know.
4). In the discussion, I was ______ ______ ______ Mr. Li.
3. dress up 盛装;打扮;装饰
[典例]
1). Don’ t bother to dress e as you are. 用不著穿讲究衣服--就穿平常的衣服来吧。
2). We’re supposed to dress (ourselves) up as movie characters for the party. 我们在晚会上要装扮得像电影中的角色。
[短语归纳] dress短语:
dress up for sth. _______________________ dress up as sb. _______________________
be dressed in __________________ dress sb./oneself __________________________
[练习] 用dress构成的词组填空。
1). The boy ______ ______ ______ a short pant.
2). He ______ ______ ______ Christmas Father to amuse the children.
3). The kids are too young to ______ ______, so she has to ______ ______ every morning.
4. play a trick/tricks on 对某人搞恶作剧/诈骗/开玩笑;对某人施计谋
[典例]
The kids are always playing tricks on their teacher. 孩子们老是对他们的老师搞恶作剧。
[短语归纳]
_______________________ = __________________ 开某人的玩笑
_________________ . 嘲笑某人
[练习] 填介词或用所给词的适当形式填空。
1). He was let in by playing a trick _______ (介词) the guard.
2). She hated _______ (play) tricks on in public.
5. look forward to 盼望;期待
[典例]
1). I’m looking forward to seeing you this summer vacation. 我期待暑假见到你。
2). I’ m really looking forward to our vacation. 我盼望着假期早日到来。
[短语归纳] 短语中to是介词,后接名词、代词及动词-ing形式:
lead to__________ object to________ refer to_________ stick to_________
add to _________ add up to ______________ compare......to _________________ see to ________________ get close to_______________ get down to________________ get/be used to ___________ pay attention to _______________
put an end to ___________________ admit to ____________ devote...to _____________
[练习] 用所给词的适当形式填空。
1). The boy hurried forward ______ (see) the world-famous oil painting because he had been looking forward to ______ (see) it for a long time.
2). The day I had been looking forward to ______ (come).
3). I used to ______ (get) up late, but now I’ m used to ______ (get) up early.
6. turn up 出现;到达;发现;调大(音量等)
[典例]
1). It’ s time for the meeting, but he hasn’ t turned up.
2). Please turn up the radio. I want to listen to the news.
[短语归纳] turn 短语:
turn on____________________ turn off ______ turn down________________
turn around/about_________________ turn away _____________________
turn out____________ ;(常与to, that连用)______________
turn to sb./sth. (for help) ___________________________
[练习] 用turn词组填空。
1). Don’ t worry. The file is sure to ______ ______.
2). Please ______ the television ______ a bit, I can’ t hear clearly.
3). It ______ ______ that it was Tim who broke the vase.
4). The sad child ______ ______ his mother for comfort.
7. keep one’ s word (= keep one’ s promise) 守信用;履行诺言
[典例]
He never keeps his word. 他从不履行诺言。
[短语归纳] word短语:
break one’ s word/promise _______________ Word came that…_________________
leave word___________ have/say the last word_______________
have a word with sb. _______________ have words with sb.________________
take back one’s words ________________ in other words ____________________
in a/one word ________________ in words _________________
beyond words _______________________
[练习] 用word词组填空。
1). His score was only 53. ______ ______ ______, he failed in the exam.
2). Could I ______ ______ ______ with you, Miss Jones
3). You’ ll find that she is a girl who always ______ ______ ______.
4). ______ ______ _______, I think he’ s a fool.
8. hold one’ s breath 屏息;屏住气
[典例]
1). How long can you hold your breath for
2). The audience held its/their breath as the acrobat walked along the tightrope.。
[短语归纳] breath短语:
(be) out of/short of breath ________________________catch one’ s breath_________________
lose one’ s breath _______________________ get one’ s breath______________________
waste one’ s breath (on sb/sth)__________________save one’ sbreath_______________________
[练习] 用breath短语填空。
1). He ______ ______ ______ while the results were read out.
2). They won’ t listen, so don’ t ______ ______ ______ telling them.
3). It’ s useless talking to him. You may as well ______ ______ ______.
4). It took us a few minutes to ______ ______ ______ ______after the race.
5). I’ m a bit ______ ______ ______ after my run.
8. set off 出发;动身;使爆炸
[典例]
1). What time are you planning to set off tomorrow
2). The terrorist set off a bomb in the city centre and killed six people.
[短语归纳] set短语:
set off for a place __________________ set about doing sth________________________
set out _____________________ set out to do sth. ______________________
set sth up __________________ set sth aside ________________________________________
[练习] 用set词组填空。
1). The new government must ______ ______ finding solutions to the country’ s economic problems.
2). The children ______ ______ the fireworks in the yard.
3). She ______ ______ a bit of money every month.
4). They ______ ______a statue in honor of the national hero.
5). They’ ve ______ ______ on a journey round the world.
Ⅴ.重点句子(旨在提供句子结构等所需材料)
1. The country is covered with cherry tree flowers so that it looks as though it might be covered with pink snow. __________________________________________________________________________________________
[解释] as though / as if “好像”, 引导表语从句和方式状语从句:
1). 引导方式状语从句
She acted as though nothing had happened.她装得好像什么事也没发生过似的。
当从句主语和主句主语一致, 从句谓语中又含有动词be时, 可把主语和be一起省去。
He looked about as though (he was) in search of something.他四下张望, 好像寻找什么。
2). 引导表语从句
It looks as if it’ s going to rain.看样子天要下雨了。
3). as though和as if从句用虚拟语气, 还是用陈述语气, 完全根据具体情况而定。如果从句表示的意思与事实完全相反, 或者纯粹是一种假设, 通常用虚拟语气。
The child talks as if she were an adult. 那孩子说话的样子好象她是个大人。
[练习] 用所给词的适当形式填空。
1). The pencil looks as if it _______ (break) with half of it in the glass of water.
2). Li Ming speaks English very well as though he ______ (be) an Englishman.
3). It seems as if our team ______ (be) going to win.
4). He talks about pyramids as though he ______ (see) them himself.
2. It was obvious that the manager of the coffee shop was waiting for Li Fang to leave. 很明显咖啡店老板在等着李方离开。
[解释] It is/was + adj./n./p.p. + that-clause 结构:
It was obvious/clear that …= obviously/ clearly, … “很明显……,显而易见……”
It is necessary/ important/ strange/ natural + that + sb. should do
It is a pity/a shame/ no wonder + that + sb. should do
It is said/believed/reported/announced/expected/… + that …
[练习] 翻译句子。
1). 真奇怪,这么重要的会议,他居然缺席。
_______________________________________________________________________________
2). 显然,你错了。
_______________________________________________________________________________
3). 他竟然向我们撒慌,真是可耻。
_______________________________________________________________________________
4). 据报道,双方的会谈有进展。
_______________________________________________________________________________
课文要点(模块)
Ⅰ.课文词汇填空(旨在复习本课文中的单词拼写和主要词语等)
根据课文内容完成下面语法填空,注意单词拼写和词语用法:
There are all kinds of celebrations 1 (遍及)the world. Different countries have different festivals. Festivals of the Dead are held to honour the 2 (death) or to satisfy the ancestors. Festivals can also 3 (hold) to honour famous people. In China, the Dragon Boat Festival honours the famous 4 (古代的) poet, Ou Yuan. The most energetic and important 5 (节日 )are Spring Festivals 6 look forward to the end of winter and the coming of spring. At the Spring Festival in 7 , people eat such things 8 dumplings, fish, and meat and give children lucky money in red paper. Some western countries have very 9 (excite) carnivals, which take place forty days before Easter, usually in 10 (二月) .
Ⅱ.课文大意概括(旨在训练用30个单词概括大意的能力)
阅读课文,试着用30来个单词概括课文大意或翻译下面短文。
文章告诉了我们世界各地五种重要节日并解释了人民为什么,在何时以及如何举行各种活动来庆祝这些节日。
The passage tells us __________________________________________________________
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Ⅲ.课文佳句背诵与仿写(旨在培养对难句的理解和写作能力)
1【原句】.At that time people would starve if(when)food was difficult to find, especially during the cold winter months. 在那个时代,如果食物难以找到,特别是在寒冷的冬月,人们就会挨饿
[模仿要点]句子结构: when/ if +从句 , especially + 强调
【模仿1】在我们遇到麻烦时他总是乐于帮助我们,尤其是在我们在英语学习中遇到困难时。
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2【原句】.Today's festivals have many origins, some religions, some seasonal, and some for special people or events.现在的节日有很多由来,一些是宗教上的,一些是季节性的,一些是纪念特殊的人和事件的。
[模仿要点] 句子结构:“一些…,一些…”表达
【模仿】我非常荣幸有机会和这么多优秀的同学一起学习,有些非常热心,有些非常勤奋,有些非常善良。
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3【原句】 India has a national festival on October 2 to honour Mohandas Gandhi, the leader who helped gain India's independence from Britain.
[模仿要点] 句子结构:逗号+同位语+定语从句
【模仿】我忘不了布朗夫人,她是我的英语老师,在我感到沮丧的时候她总是鼓励我挑战自己。
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4 【原句】The most energetic and important festivals are the ones that look forward to the end of winter and to the coming of spring.
[模仿要点] 句子结构:…are the ones + 定语从句
【模仿】最有经验最有益的老师是那些不仅教给知识的人而且还是教你如果获取知识的人
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5【原句】 The country, covered with cherry tree flowers, looks as though it is covered with pink snow.
[模仿要点] 句子结构:分词作定语covered with …插入 looks as if /as though
【模仿】他的房间到处都是各种不同的图书,看上去仿佛是个小图书馆。
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单元自测 (模块)
1完形填空
阅读下面短文,掌握其大意,然后从1—10各题所给的A、B、C和D项中,选出最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
字数:202 完成时间:14分钟 难度:***
Habits, whether good or bad, are gradually formed. When a person does a certain thing again, he is impelled( 推动,迫使) by some unseen 1 to do the same thing repeatedly; thus a habit is formed. 2 a habit is formed, it is difficult, and sometimes impossible, to get rid of. It is therefore very 3 that we should pay great attention to the formation of habits. Children often form __ 4 habits, some of which remain with them as 5 as they live. Older persons also form bad habits, and sometimes become ruined by ___6 .
There are other habits which, when formed in early life, are of great 7 . Many successful men say that much of their success has 8 to do with certain habits in early life, such as early rising, honesty and thoroughness(彻底性).
Among the habits which children should not form are laziness, lying, stealing and so on, these are all 9 formed habits. Unfortunately older persons often form habits which ought to have been __10
We ought to keep from all these bad habits, and try to form such habits as will prove good for ourselves and others.
1. A. action B. courage C. force D. energy
2.A. For B. Once C. Because D. If
3. A. possible B. important C. useful D. helpful
4. A. good B. useless C. bad D. unchangeable
5. A. far B. soon C. long D. early
6. A. themselves B. them C. one D. oneself
7. A. help B. harm C. uselessness D. hardness
8. A. anything B. nothing C. something D. everything
9. A. possible B. hardly C. difficult D. easily
10. A. forgotten B. remembered C. kept D. avoided
2.语法填空
阅读下面短文,按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求,在空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中词语的正确形式填空,并将答案填写在答题卡标号为1-10的相应位置上。
字数:192 完成时间:9分钟 难度:***
Christ child Market is a pleasant festival for children in Kitchener, Canada. My husband, my daughter and I attended 1 this year.
As we walked through Victoria Park, I breathed in the fresh smell of winter. The bare branches of the trees were shining with Christmas lights 2 the new-fallen snow. In the open areas were children, parents, grandparents and their relatives, 3 smiling as they held their can dies in their hands and waited 4 (patience) for the magic event to begin.
As we joined the crowds, we quickly forgot about that COM, for I saw the excitement of the children and the 5 (welcome) smiles of the people around me. Soon the crowd moved to Kitchener City Hall. In the distance we could see all the officials 6 (wait) for us. At the center of the square, the summertime fountain had turned to ice, 7 young children were playing about.
8 the crowds walking into the square, the opening ceremony began: songs, dances and 9 performances. Then the Christmas lights on the Christmas tree were turned 10 , causing everyone to cheer with delight. Christ child Market officially opened!
3.信息匹配
请阅读下列应用文及相关信息,并按照要求匹配信息。请在答题卡上将对应题号的相应选项字母涂黑。
以下是演讲会的资料:
AAre you interested in “Dream of the Red Mansion”(Hong Lou Meng) Listen to a lecture on this classical novel.Venue: National Museum of Chinese Modern Literature (Beijing)Time: 9:30 A.m.Price: freeTel: 010 – 84615522 B“Jiaguwen” is among the oldest pictographic characters in the world.How much do you know about it Get all the answers at this free lecture.Venue: Dongcheng District Library (Beijing)Time: 9:00 A.m.Price: freeTel: 010 – 64013356
CFormer United Nations interpreter Professor Wang Ruojin speaks about her experiences at the UN and shares her understanding of the cultural differences between East and West.Venue: National Library of China (Beijing)Time: 1:30 p.m. – 4:00 p. m.Price: freeTel: 010 – 68488047 DQi Baishi, one of China’s greatest modern painters, was also a poet, calligrapher(书法家) and seal-cutter(刻印者). Can you appreciate his works Then come to spend the time with us.Venue: Beijing Art AcademyTime: 9:00 A.m. – 11:00 A.m.Price: 10 yuanTel: 010 - 65023390
EIt is the year of the Dog, and you can see “Fu” everywhere. But how much do you know about dogs – man’s best friend What is “Fu” and where does it come from Why do people hang “Fu” character upside down on the door Get all the answers from this free lecture.Venue: Capital Library (Beijing)Time: 2:00 p. m.Price: freeTel: 010 - 67358114 FAbout 160 cultural relics from Guangdong, Macao and Hong Kong are on display to April 15th. Meanwhile experts will talk about the important roles these three cities have played in the past two thousand years of Sino–Western exchanges.Venue: Beijing Art MuseumTime: 2:00 p. m. – 5:00 p. m.Price: 20 yuan, students 10 yuanTel: 010 - 83659337
以下是想去听演讲的人员的基本信息,请匹配适合他们的演讲内容。
1. Alice is now studying in Beijing University, and she is especially interested in Chinese writing. In her spare time she enjoys drawing, writing poems and is fond of sharing her pieces with her classmates.
2. Simon comes from Egypt. He is now studying in Beijing Art Academy. He shows great interest in Chinese ancient characters. Now he wants to know much about it.
3. Lora and Peter, visiting professors from Australia, are both crazy about Chinese traditional culture. At weekends they like to call on Chinese families to learn about Chinese festivals as well as their history.
4. Edward is a senior student in Beijing Foreign Language University. He likes traveling very much and has made up his mind to work as an interpreter for some joint–venture enterprises (合资企业).
5. Steve and Mark are both studying in the Chinese Department of China’s Renmin University. They want to do some research on Chinese ancient literature.
4.基础写作
在当今世界,了解最新信息是很关键的。请你结合下面的提示,写一篇关于信息的短文。
信息的重要性 1.在许多领域,成功与否取决于是看得到最新信息2.失败与缺乏信息有关
信息的来源渠道 1.阅读报刊、收听广播、观看电视等2.上网查询资料
信息的前景 信息将起着越来越重要的作用
(写作要求)
1.必须使用5个句子介绍全部所给的内容。
2.将5个句子组织成连贯的一篇短文,使用必要的连接词。
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第一部分 教材梳理
必修三
Unit 2 Healthy eating
单元要点预览(旨在让同学整体了解本单元要点)
词汇部分 词语辨析 1. diet / food 2. offer / provide / supply 3. strength / power / force4. glare / stare / glance
词形变化 1. health n. 健康 ____________adj.健康的;有益健康的 healthily adv. 健康地
2. sugar n.糖 vt.在……中加糖 ____________ adj. 甜的,含糖的;甜言蜜语的
3. ______________ n. 好奇心 curious adj. 好奇的 curiously adv. 好奇地
4.__________n.虚弱,衰弱,软弱;弱点,缺点 weak adj.虚弱的;(能力等)差的;微弱的 ____________v.(使)变弱,(使)减弱
5. strength n. 力气;长处 __________ vt. 加强;巩固 strong adj. 强壮的;牢固的
6. digest vt.消化;吸收,领悟 n.文摘 ________________ n.消化(力) _________ adj.消化的,易消化的
7. benefit v.& n. 有益于;得益于;利益,好处 ____________adj. 有益的
重点单词 1._____________ n. 天平,平衡;余额,余数 v. 平衡;权衡 2._______________ n. 好奇心3. _______________ vt.&n. 限制;限定4. _______________vt. 有益于;vi. 得益于(常与from, by连用) n. 利益,好处;津贴5._____________vt.&vi. (使)联合;结合
重点词组 1. _______________对……厌烦了2. ___________ aux. 应当;应该(没有人称和数的变化,后接动词原形)3. ______________ 体重减轻;减肥4. _______________偷携某物潜逃;受到(较轻的惩罚)或逃避惩罚5._____________ 说谎6. __________________ 谋生7.________________ 欠债8._________________ 不久以后
重点句子 1. Nothing could be better. 2. Something terrible must have happened if Maochang was not coming to eat with his as he always did.3. He couldn’ t have Yong Hui getting away with telling people lies.
重点语法 1.情态动词的完成式的用法 2.双重性情态动词的用法(见语法部分)
语言要点(模块)
Ⅰ.词语辨析 (旨在提供完形填空所需材料)
1. diet / food
【解释】diet 指通常吃的食物,尤指规定的食谱[如治疗疾病或减轻体重的食物],还可作动词“节食”。常用搭配:be/get/go on a diet 进行节食 put sb. on a diet限制某人的饮食food 指人或动物所需的食物;或植物所需的养料。
【练习】根据句子意思用diet,food的适当形式填空。1). We cannot survive without _______ and drink. 2). The doctor says I’ ve got to go on a _______. 3). The doctor put me on a low-salt _______ to reduce my blood pressure.
2. offer / provide / supply
【解释】offer“提出,提供,呈现”,表示向别人提供帮助,服务或物品。搭配:offer to do sth / offer sb sth /offer sth to sbprovide“供给,提供,装备,准备”,强调有预见,并通过储存或准备的方式为某事做准备,以在需要时提供所需物品。搭配:provide sb with sth / provide sth for sbsupply“供给,补充,弥补”,表示替换或不足所需之物以及弥补缺陷,满足要求的意思;也作名词,“供给(量),物资,存货”。搭配:supply sb with sth / supply sth for/to sb
【练习】根据句子意思填介词或用offer,provide,supply的适当形式填空。1). The project is designed to _______ young people _______work. 2). He _______ to lend me some books.3). He _______ me 300 dollars _______ that television.4). We ______ power to the three nearby towns.
3. strength / power / force
【解释】strength 用于身体指力气力量;用于物体指承受或抗拉的强度;也可指长处。 power用于人体、机械或风时指可应用的能量,也可指电力、权力和能力。force用于爆炸、风暴或打击时指释放的能量及其对物体的冲击力;也可指暴力。
【练习】根据句子意思用strength,power,force的适当形式填空。1). I will do everything in my _______ to help you. 2). We can use the _______ of the wind to make electricity.3). He used all his _______ to lifted the heavy box.4). The soldiers took the prisoners away by _______.
4. glare / stare / glance
【解释】glare at sb. 对某人怒视,怒目而视 stare at sb. (由于惊奇、害怕、生气或深思而睁大眼睛) 对某人凝视,盯着看 glance at sb. 对某人瞥一眼,粗略地看,浏览
【练习】根据句子意思用glare,stare,glance的适当形式填空。1). She _______ shyly at him and then lowered her eyes.2). The two boys _______ at each other before they fought. 3). My father_______ at the stranger for a long time as if they had known each other before.
Ⅱ.词形变化(旨在提供语法填空所需材料)
1.___________ n. 健康 ___________ adj.健康的;有益健康的 healthily adv. 健康地
2.______ n.糖 vt.在…中加糖 sugary adj. 甜的,含糖的;甜言蜜语的
3. curiosity n. 好奇心 __________ adj. 好奇的 ____________ adv. 好奇地
4. ________ n.虚弱,衰弱,软弱;弱点,缺点 weak adj.虚弱的;(能力等)差的;微弱的 __________ v.(使)变弱,(使)减弱
5. strength n. 力气;长处 _____________ vt. 加强;巩固 __________ adj. 强壮的;牢固的
6. ______ vt.消化;吸收 领悟 n.文摘 digestion n.消化(力) _________ adj.消化的,易消化的
7. __________ v.& n. 有益于;得益于;利益,好处 beneficial adj. 有益的
【练习】用括号内所提供词的适当形式填空。1). You look much ________ (health) than before.2). The boy had burning ________ (curious) about what was going on.3). The government decided to take some measures to _________ (strength) the economy.4). Fresh air is ________ (benefit) to one’ s health. 5). Mike was the ________ (strength) boy in his class.6). It’ s that ________ (sugar) smile of his that I can’ t bear - it makes me want to puke!7). It’ s important to know your own strengths and ________ (weak).8). Vegetables are usually cooked to aid ________ (digest).
Ⅲ.重点词汇(旨在提供词汇综合运用材料)
1. balance n. 天平,平衡;余额,余数 v. 平衡;权衡 balanced adj. 均衡的
[典例]
1). Try to achieve a better balance between work and play.
2). I must check my bank balance (= find out how much money I have in my account).
3). Try to balance your diet by eating more fruit and less protein.
[重点用法]
a balanced diet ________________ keep the balance of nature______________
keep one’ s balance________________ lose one’ s balance (= be out of balance) ____________
[练习] 用balance短语填空或翻译。
1). He ______ ______ ______ and hurt himself when he went upstairs.
2). It is difficult to for you to ______ ______ _______ on an icy pavement.
3). 我们必须权衡利弊才做出决定。
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2. curiosity n. 好奇心 curious adj. 好奇的 curiously adv. 好奇地
[典例]
1). Children have a natural curiosity about the world around them.
2). I opened the packet just to satisfy my curiosity.
[重点用法]
out of curiosity _______________ with curiosity = curiously_____________
be curious about sth. ______________ be curious to do sth. ___________________
[练习] 用curiousity的短语或其适当形式填空。
1). Margaret looked at him _______ _______.
2). She decided to try a cigarette _______ _______ _______.
3). All the employees in this firm _______ _______ ______ the personal life of the general manager.
4). ________ enough, he had never seen the little girl.
3). ________ drove Mary to open her husband’ s letter though she knew it was wrong.
3. limit vt. 限制;限定 n. 界限;限度 limited adj. 有限的 limitless adj. 无限制的
[典例]
1). The speed limit on this road is 70 mph.
2). We must try and limit our expenditure.
3). There’ s a limit to how much I’ m prepared to spend.
[短语归纳] limit短语:
limit sb./sth. to... _________________ put a limit on..._________________
there is a limit to_________________ without limit _______________________
[练习] 用limit的短语或其适当形式填空。
1). One’s energy is ______.
2). ______ ______ ______ ______ (没有止境) what you can do if you try.
3). We must _______ our weekly expenditure ______ ten pounds.
4). Only a _______ number of places are available.
4. benefit vt. 有益于 vi. 得益于(常与from, by连用) n. 利益,好处;津贴
1). The rain benefits the plants. = The plants benefit from the rain.
2). This dictionary will be of great benefit to me.
3). He said he would starve rather than beg for food.
4). The enemy is trying to starve us to death.
[重点用法]
be of great benefit to = be very beneficial to ___________________
for the benefit of = for sb’ s benefit__________________
benefit from ________________
[练习] 用benefit或其短语的适当形式填空。
1). The new highway will ________ the villagers.
2). He will _________ the new way of studying.
3). The warning sign was put there _________ the public.
5. combine vt.&vi. (使)联合;结合 combination n. 联合;结合 combined adj. 联合起来的
[典例]
1). We can’t always combine work with pleasure.
2). Circumstances have combined to ruin our plans for a holiday.
[短语归纳] combine的短语:
combine with sb./ sth. ___________________ combine together__________________
combine A with/and B ____________________
[练习] 用combine的短语或其适当形式填空。
1) A _______ of factors led to her decision to resign.
2) Success was achieved by the _______ efforts of the whole team.
3) As a writer, he _______ wit _______ passion.
Ⅳ.重点词组(旨在提供词汇综合运用材料)
1. be tired of = be fed up with = be sick of 对……厌烦了
[典例]
1). We are fired of hearing the old story.
2). I’ m tired of the same breakfast every day.
[短语归纳]
get/be tired of doing sth. ______________ get/be tired from doing sth _____________
be tired out = be worn out _________________
[练习] 用tired短语的适当形式填空。
1). My eyes ______ ______ ______ reading in a poor light.
2). I ______ ______ ______ watching television; let’ s go for a walk.
3). I ______ ______ ______. Can we stop for a rest
2. ought to aux. 应当;应该(没有人称和数的变化,后接动词原形)
[典例]
1). They ought to come tomorrow.
2). He thought that they ought to take part in the design.
3). He ought not to do it. / He oughtn’ t to do it.
4). Ought we to do it at once
[练习] 按要求填空或翻译。
1). He ought to be here, __________ he (反意疑问句)
2). I’ m sorry. I ____________________ (本应该先给你打个电话) to tell you 1 was coming.
3). I ______________________ (本不该拜访) her, but I missed her so much.
3. lose weight体重减轻;减肥
[典例]
She is trying to lose weight.
[短语归纳] weight短语及lose短语:
put on weight__________________
be/take a weight/load off sb’ s mind___________________
lost heart__________________
lose one’ s heart (to sb/sth): fall in love __________________________
lose one’ s life _____________ lose one’ s balance _________________
lose one’ s breath__________________ lose one’ s head _________________________
lose one’ s temper__________________ lose one’ s job _________________
lose one’ s way: become lost_____________
lose touch (with sb/sth) _____________________
lose interest in sth/sb ________________________
lose sight of sb/sth ___________________
lose face ________________________
[练习] 用weight短语及lose短语的适当形式填空或填介词。
1). He’ s ______ ______ ______ since he gave up smoking.
2). Paying my mortgage was an enormous weight ______ (介词) my mind!
3). I’ ve ______ ______ ______ all my old friends.
4). Don’ t ______ ______ ______ --- keep calm!
4. get away with 偷携某物潜逃;受到(较轻的惩罚)或逃避惩罚
[典例]
1) They raided the bank and got away with a lot of money.
2) If you cheat in the exam you'll never get away with it.。
3). Nobody gets away with insulting me like that..
[短语归纳] get词组:
get down to 认____________________ get on well with _____________________
get through __________________ get up ____________________
get down to ___________________ get over ___________________
[练习] 用get词组填空。
1). To my surprise, the baby wolf ______ ______ ______ the dogs and then managed to survive.
2). She never arrives on time at the office, but she somehow managed to _____ _____ _____ it.
3). Well, stop chatting. It’ s time we ______ ______ ______ some serious work.
4). The news was a terrible blow to her, but she will ______ ______ the shock soon.
5. tell a lie = tell lies 说谎
[典例] It’ s not right to tell a lie.
[短语归纳] tell短语和习语:
tell jokes/ a joke________________ tell (sb.) a story_____________________
to tell (you) the truth _______________
tell A from B: distinguish A from B ________________
tell/know A and B apart _____________________
you can never tell ______________
there is no telling: it is impossible to know __________
tell you what ______________
I told you (so) _______________________
[练习] 用tell词组填空。
1). ______ ______ ______ ______, I fell asleep in the middle and didn’ t know how the story ended.
2). Can you _____ Tom _____ his twin brother
3). There’ s no ______ (tell) what may happen.
6. earn one’ s living = make one’s/a living 谋生
[典例]
1). They began to eam their living when they were very young.
2). I earn my living by teaching English in the middle schoo1.
[练习] 根据句子意思及要求填空或翻译。
1). He had to ______ ______ ______ by delivering newspaper in his youth.
2). He earned his living ______(介词)a fisherman.
3). 这个小孩从10岁开始就自己谋生。
________________________________________________________________________________________
7. in debt 欠债
[典例]
1). They are in heavy debt to the Bank of China.。
2). You saved my life: I am forever in your debt.
[短语归纳] debt短语和 “in + n.” 表示“在……(情况、状况、状态)中”:
get/run into debt _____________ out of debt_____________ run up huge debts____________
pay off one’ s debts__________ in danger __________ in trouble________________
in order ___________ in surprise ___________ in public ______________
in ruins ____________ in sight ___________ in silence_______________
[练习] 根据句子意思用debt短语和 “in + n.” 结构填空。
1). He ______ ______ ______ after he was out of work.
2). He did all he could to ______ ______ ______ ______ in five years.
3). He was ______ ______ when he was young, but has been ______ ______ ______ since he got rich.
4). James was ______ _______, but I don’t know how to help him out.
5). After the war, the whole city was _______ _______.
8. before long 不久以后
[典例]
The dictionary will be published before long.
[重点用法]
long before ________________ long ago ____________
[练习] 根据句子意思填空。
1). That happened ______ ______.
2). I’ ve seen that film ______ ______.
3). His plan seemed to be too difficult, but ______ ______ it proved to be practicable.
Ⅴ.重点句子(旨在提供句子结构等所需材料)
1. Nothing could be better.
[解释] 此句中用比较级的否定形式表示最高级的含义。如:
Nobody loves you more than I do.。
I’ ve never heard a more beautiful voice.
[练习] 根据句子意思及要求填空或翻译。
1). 他从来没有看过一部更令人激动的电影了。
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2). 没有什么比旅游更令人愉快。
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2. Something terrible must have happened if Maochang was not coming to eat with his as he always did.
[解释] 情态动词 + have done
1). 情态动词must +have done只用于肯定句中,表示对过去发生的事情或状态进行肯定的推测,意为“过去一定做过某事”。
It must have rained last night, for the road is wet. 昨天晚上一定是下雨了,因为路还湿着。
You must have seen the film the Gold Rush. 你肯定看过电影《淘金热》。
2). 情态动词can/could可用于否定句中,即can’ t have done /couldn’ t have done,表示对过去发生的事情或状态的肯定的推测,意为“过去不可能做过,肯定没做过”。
My sister met him at the theatre last night, so he couldn’ t have attended your lecture. 我姐姐昨天晚上在电影院遇见了他,所以他肯定没参加你的演讲.
3). 此外,can/could have done还可用于疑问句中表示对过去发生的事情或状态的不太有把握的推测,常表示“过去可能做过吗 ”(注意:表推测的情态动词只有can/could常用于疑问句中)
I can’ t find Tom anywhere in the office building. Where can he have gone 我在办公楼任何地方都找不到汤姆。他有可能去了哪里了呢?
4). 情态动词may/might +have done表示对已发生的动作或存在的状态进行不肯定的推测,might语气稍弱一点儿,只能用于肯定句和否定句中,表示“过去可能做过某事
或过去可能没做过某事”。
You might have read about it in the papers. 你可能在报上已经看过这个消息了。
[练习] 用括号中所给词的适当形式填空。
1). 一Where _______ Margaret _______ the empty bottles (can; put)
一She _______ them away. They must be somewhere (can; throw).
2). 一_______he _______ as captain of the football team (can; choose)
一Yes, he must have.
3). 一Hurry up, Michael! It’ s ten to three.
—Goodness me! The class ______ (must; begin). I’ ll be late again.
3. He couldn’ t have Yong Hui getting away with telling people lies.
[解释] have sb./sth. ________sth. 使某人或某物一直做某事
have sb./sth. ________sth. 容忍某人或某物总是干
have sb./sth. __________ sth. 使某人或某物做某事(注意不要在do之前加上to)
have sb./sth. ____________ sth. 请人做某事(自己不去做或无法做),(主语)遭受了不好的事情
[典例]
1). I had him waiting at the gate from eight o’ clock this morning till now.
2). I’ ll have him finish my work.。
3). I had my hair cut.。
4). The woman had her handbag robbed yesterday.
[练习] 用括号中所给词的适当形式填空。
1). To my despair, the doctor _____ me ______ in the room for the whole afternoon(have;wait).
2). I ______ my watch ______ because it didn’t work (have; repair).
3). I can’ t ______ him ______ noise all the time (have, make).
4). Yesterday Mum ______ Tim ______ his room since it was in a mess. (have, tidy)
5). The woman ______ her handbag ______ yesterday. (have; rob)
课文要点(模块)
Ⅰ.课文词汇填空(旨在复习本课文中的单词拼写和主要词语等)
根据课文内容完成下面语法填空,注意单词拼写和词语用法:
Wang Pengwei sat in his empty restaurant feeling very 1 (frustrate) for people were going to another newly-opened restaurant which only provided raw 2 (蔬菜), fruit and water. What amazed him was that the food there cost more than 3 in his own restaurant. After doing some research, he wrote his own sign to attract 4 (顾客) back to his 5 . The next day Wang Pengwei's restaurant was nearly full, which made Yong Hui very 6 . Having had a good 7 (交谈), both of them realized the benefits and weak points of their own restaurants and thought to 8 their menus and provide a 9 (平衡的)menu. Finally they got married, working and living together 10 (happy) ever after.
2课文大意概括(旨在训练用30个单词概括大意的能力)
阅读课文,试着用30来个单词概括课文大意或将下面的短文译成英语。
从短文得知到王朋餐馆用餐的人越来越少而附近一家新餐馆提供如象生菜食物却顾客盈门。最后在两家餐馆的共同努力下取得了双赢。
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3课文佳句背诵与仿写(旨在培养对难句的理解和写作能力)
1【原句】He thought of his mutton, beef and bacon cooked in the hottest, finest oil.
[模仿要点] 句子结构: A, B and C+分词作定语.
【模仿】这张照片使我想起了1992年发生在身边我的人,地方和事情。
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2 【原句】Something terrible must have happened if Li Chang was not coming to eat in his restaurant as he always did.
[模仿要点] 句子结构: something must be done if …as…
【模仿】1)如果你想如同玛丽一样取得很大的进步,更多的练习是必不可少的。
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【模仿】2)昨天他没有按照我吩咐的参加会议,一定有什么事发生了。
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3 【原句】 Perhaps we ought to combine our ideas and provide a balanced menu with food full of energy and fiber.
[模仿要点] 形容词作定语,相当于一个定语从句-which is full of…
【模仿】最后他们来到一个小农舍,看见一条小溪从长满各种花草的山谷流过。
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4 【原句】Their balanced diets became such a success that before long Wang became slimmer and Yong put on more weight.
[模仿要点] 句子结构: such a … that从句
【模仿】他的刻苦训练给他带来很大的成功,他不久就进入了广东省跳水队。
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单元自测 (模块)
1完形填空
阅读下面短文,掌握其大意,然后从1—10各题所给的A、B、C和D项中,选出最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
字数:187 完成时间:14分钟 难度:***
Until 1954 it was thought that no man could run one mile in less than four minutes. As years 1 , the record came closer and closer to four minutes and Roger Bannister, a young English 2 , began to believe he might 3 this almost magic barrier.
It was a cold afternoon on May 6th,1954, when Bannister knew he had a 4 chance. Describing the 5 later, Bannister said, “On the way to the track the wind blew strongly. As I 6 for the start I glanced at the flag. It moved 7 now. This was the moment when I made my decision.”
“The gun fired. My legs seemed to meet no resistance, as if I was 8 forward by some unknown force. The noise from the faithful crowd gave me greater strength. I felt the moment of a lifetime had come.”
“I was driven on by a 9 of fear and pride. But when I leapt at(冲向)the finishing tape, I fell, almost 10 .”
“I knew I had done it, even before I heard the time. The announcement came. ‘Result of the one mile…Time, three minutes…’the test was lost in the noise of excitement.”
1. A. passed along B. passed down C. went by D. went over
2. A. coach B. athlete C. captain D. judge
3. A. defeat B. move C. beat D. break
4. A. real B. lucky C. serious D. false
5. A. accident B. event C. issue D. topic
6. A. did up B. made up C. put up D. lined up
7. A. safely B. heavily C. thinly D. gently
8. A. dragged B. drawn C. pulled D. pushed
9. A. concentration B. collection C. combination D. dissatisfaction
10. A. unconcerned B. unconscious C. unknown D. unnoticed
2.语法填空
阅读下面短文,按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求,在空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中词语的正确形式填空,并将答案填写在答题卡标号为1-10的相应位置上。
字数:171 完成时间:8分钟 难度:***
The Yellow River is the second longest river in China. It rises in the mountains on Qinghai and flows right across China to the Yellow Sea. 1 the river and the sea are called Yellow because of the yellow mud 2 the river carries down from the desert into the sea, 3 (make) the water a yellow color. When the river reaches the flat plain and flows less fast, it drops much of 4 mud, filling up the riverbed and forcing the water to overflow its banks and flood the countryside 5 miles. These terrible floods wash away crops and destroy whole villages. They have brought death and famine(饥饿) to 6 many people that the river is sometimes called"China's sorrow."In order to prevent the floods, they 7 (build) banks of earth, called dykes (河堤) along both sides. 8 the river brought down more mud and broke through the dykes, people mended them and built them higher, 9 now in some parts the river flows as much as twenty feet above, 10 the danger of floods, fanning had been carried for centuries.
3. 阅读理解
阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C和D项中,选出最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
词数:408 完成时间:8分钟 难度:****
It doesn't take a rocket scientist to figure out that there are better things you could do for your health than take deep breaths on a smoggy day. A growing pile of research suggests that even relatively low levels of air pollution may be more harmful than previously realized, to both heart and lungs. The latest salvo from researchers, published this week in the New England Journal of Medicine, focuses on how particulate (微粒) matter from air pollution affects lung (肺) function.
According to an American Lung Association report, particulate pollution refers to the mix of solid and liquid particles in the air that can come from natural sources, such as dust storms or wildfires, or from such human activity as the burning of fossil fuels in factories or the use of diesel (柴油机) engines. Other particulates are produced when certain chemicals and substances react with one another in the atmosphere.
The effect of low levels of particulate pollution found in many urban areas is not unlike secondhand smoke, exports say. Studies show that short-term adverse effects from particulates include diminished lung function, coughing, wheezing, cardiac arrhythmias and heart attacks. Long-term exposure can also worsen asthma, slow normal lung growth, damage lung airways, and increase the risk of dying from lung cancer and cardiovascular disease.
Certain populations, such as the very old and the very young, are the most vulnerable to air pollution. However, even the most alarming studies conducted in the most polluted areas suggest that the average person's individual risk from exposure (暴露) is very slight. Relative risk numbers often seem more frightening than they actually are. For example, an earlier study published in the New England Journal of Medicine found that short-term exposure to traffic fumes tripled ( 成为3倍) the risk of heart attacks in heart-attack survivors. What's easily forgotten, says Rilkin, is that the risk was extremely small to start with. Jogging, for example, could elevate (提高) the risk of a heart attack by a similar amount, says Robert Brook, a cardiac physician at the University of Michigan.
Short of moving to the countryside or at least away from busy roads, shielding yourself from the effects of air pollution is not easy. Masks won't work, as many particles can slip right through. At the very least, suggests Murray Mittleman, a cardiologist at Harvard University, people who regularly exercise outdoors near highways may want to consider remapping their route.
1. What does the underlined sentence in the first paragraph mean No 1 p 7
A. Rocket scientists are making researches on people’s health.
B. It's obvious that air pollution has a bad effect on people’s health.
C. People aren't sure whether taking deep breaths on a smoggy day is bad.
D. People often have a hard time when taking deep breaths on a smoggy day.
2. The word "vulnerable" in Paragraph 4 probably means _________.
A. easy to be hurt B. easy to be protected
C. easy to be used D. easy to be influenced
3. The main idea of Paragraph 4 is _________.
A. that even small risk from particulate causes big problems
B. that air pollution often leads to heart attack
C. who are most likely to get affected
D. that we shouldn't worry about the average low risk
4. In order to be healthier, you'd better _________.
A. take deep breaths B. wear a mask C. live in a countryside D. clean the busy road
5. The passage is written in a(n) _________ tone.
A. subjective B. humorous C. doubtful D. objective
4.读写任务
阅读下面的短文,然后按照要求写一篇150词左右的英语短文。
"Can I see my baby "asked the happy new mother. The bundle (婴儿包) was placed in her arms and when she moved the fold of cloth to look upon his tiny face, she gasped-the baby had been born without ears. Time, however, proved that the baby's hearing was perfect except his appearance.
One day when he rushed home from school and threw himself into his mother's arms, he cried out bitterly, "A boy, a big boy ... called me-a f-...freak.” She sighed, knowing that his life was to be endless of heartbreaks.
He grew up, handsome for his misfortune. A favorite with his fellow students, he might have been class president, but for that. He developed a gift for literature and music.
The boy's father had a talk with the family doctor. Could nothing be done "I believe we could graft (移植) on a pair of outer ears, if they could be donated (捐献)," the doctor decided. So the search began for a person who would make such a sacrifice for a young man. Two years went by. Then, "You're going to the hospital, son. Mother and I have someone who will donate the ears you need. But it's a secret." said the father.
The operation was a brilliant success. His talents blossomed (vi.开花) into genius. School and college became a series of successes. Later he married and entered the diplomatic (外交) service. "But I must know! "he urged his father. "Who gave so much for me I could never do enough for him." "I do not believe you could," said the father, "but the agreement was that you are not to know ... not yet." The years kept the secret, but the day did come...one of the darkest days that ever pass through a son. He stood with his father over his mother's casket (棺材). Slowly and tenderly, the father stretched forth a hand and raised the thick, reddish-brown hair to let out the secret.
[写作内容]
1.以约30个词概括这个感人的故事;
2.以约120个词,请就“在受别人的帮助中,学会了帮助别人”的话题写一篇英语短文,表达你内心的感受,并包括如下要点:
(1)你看完这个故事后,你如何评价这位母亲的无私行为;
(2)请以你的日常生活经历的事情为例,说明别人的善良行为对你有何影响;
(3)你的感想。
[写作要求]
1. 作文中可使用自己的亲身经历或虚构的故事,也可以参照阅读材料的内容,但不得直接引用原文中的句子;标题自定。
2.作文中不能出现真实姓名和学校名称。
[评分标准]概括准确,语言规范,内容合适,篇章连贯。
[写作辅导]
1.写作有可能用到的主要短语和单词:抚养小孩raise one’s children,
2.本文的概要必须包含以下要点:The baby had been born without ears.--/"You're going to the hospital, son. Mother and I have someone who will donate the ears you need. But it's a secret." said the father. / The operation was a brilliant success. / ... one of the darkest days that ever pass through a son. He stood with his father over his mother's casket (棺材). Slowly and tenderly, the father stretched forth a hand and raised the thick, reddish-brown hair to let out the secret.
3.本文要注意,概要一定要根据文段的时态来写。同时,绝对不能抄袭原文的句子。文章中要求你看完这个故事后,你如何评价这位母亲的无私行为,属于是评论性文字和结论性的观点,故多用一般现在时或一般将来时态。而“请以你的日常生活经历的事情为例,说明别人的善良行为”属于经历,故用一般过去时。后面对你的影响可以用一般现在时态去写。
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Unit 3 The Million Pound Bank Note
单元要点预览(旨在让同学整体了解本单元要点)
词汇部分 词语辨析 1. scene / sight / view / scenery 2. permit / allow / let 3. scream / shout
词形变化 1. believe vt.&vi.相信;认为 _________ n. 相信,信念,信仰 __________ adj.可相信的 ___________ adj.难以置信的
2. survive vi.幸存,继续存在 vt.幸免于;挺过来 _____________ n.幸存,幸存者,残存物 ____________ n.未死的人;残存者
3. permit v. 允许 n.许可证,执照 ________ n. 允许,许可,准许
4. ____________ n. 忍耐,耐心 patient adj. 有耐心的 _____________ adj. 不耐烦的
5. rude adj.粗鲁的,不礼貌的 ___________ adv. 粗鲁地;粗略地 ____________ n.粗鲁,不礼貌
6. present adj. 出席的 ___________n.出席,到场
7. adventure n. 奇遇;冒险 ___________adj.冒险的,惊险的 __________ n.冒险者
重点单词 1._______ n.&v. 赌;打赌;赌钱 2. ________ n. 缺点;错误,过错;故障 vt.挑剔,指责3. ______ vt. 发现;认出 n. 污点;斑点;地点4. _______ n. 通道;(书、讲话、音乐等的)一段,一节;通过,消逝;旅费5. _______ n. 说明;理由;计算,账目 vi.&vt.认为;说明;解释总;计有 6._______ vt.&vi. (_______ ________) 寻找;探索;寻求 7.______________ n.数(量);总额 vi.(to)合计;接近8.__________ [bau] vi.&vt. 鞠躬;弯腰 [b u] n.[c] ___________________
重点词组 1.______________ 培养;抚养;养育或教育某人;提出;呕吐某物2. __________ 执行,进行,前进,(于祈使句)可以,往下说,用吧,开始吧3. ______________ 偶然;无意中4. ________________ 老实说;说实话5._____________ 与此相反;正相反[只作状语]6. _________________ 冒险,碰运气7. _________________ 至于,关于
重点句子 1. Towards nightfall I found myself carried out to sea by a strong wind.2. The next morning I’ d just about given myself up for lost when I was spotted by a ship. 3. You must come whenever you want and have whatever you like.
重点语法 情态动词的两类重要用法:1.表示推测 2.征询意见(见语法部分)
语言要点(模块
Ⅰ.词语辨析 (旨在提供完形填空所需材料)
1. scene / sight / view / scenery
【解释】scene 指某一处的自然风光scenery(总称)自然景物,天然风光,是由多个scenes构成的自然风景。sight 景象,风景,名胜,侧重值得看的事物或很难看的东西和很可笑的事物;视力/眼界 view 景色,风景,侧重从人所处的角度(从远处或高处)以眼所看到的景色。
【练习】根据句子意思用scene,sight,view,scenery的适当形式填空。1). Guilin is famous for its beautiful _______. 2). The _______ is a perfect dream when you see the sun rising slowly in the east.3). You can get a wonderful _______at the top of the tower.4). The flowers are a lovely _______ in spring. 5). He began to lose his _______six years ago.
2. permit / allow / let
【解释】let允许,让,常用于口语中,一般不用于被动语态。后接不带to的不定式作宾补。permit和allow意思相近,都表示“允许,准许”。permit稍正式一些,多指上级对下级或长辈对晚辈的准许,语气较强;allow多指听任或不管教某人做某事。常用句型allow/permit sb. to do sth. be allowed/permitted to do sth. allow/permit doing sth.
【练习】根据句子意思用permit,allow或所给词的适当形式填空。1). Students are not _________ to enter the Net Bar. 2). My mother wouldn’ t let me _______ (go) to the film.3). We don’ t allow _______ (smoke) in our office. 4). Weather _______ (permit), we’ ll go outing this weekend.
3. scream / shout
【解释】scream指因痛苦、恐惧、激动或生气而喊叫、尖叫,声音大而尖利,常与to连用shout指因愤怒或为引起注意而发出的声音,大喊,大叫,大声说话,常常与at连用
【练习】根据句子意思用scream,shout的适当形式填空。1). There was a huge bang and people started _______. 2). Two women were _______ at each other outside the supermarket.3). I had to _______ to make myself heard. 4). The fans _______ with excitement when they saw him.
Ⅱ. 词性变化(旨在提供语法填空所需材料)
1.__________ vt.&vi.相信;认为 ________ n. 相信,信念,信仰 ___________ adj.可相信的 _____