课件24张PPT。Unit 1Section ⅠStep 1Step 2Step 3Step 4Step 51．Why did Ray Charles Robinson become popular with the
Americans?
2．Can you give an example of Ray Charles Robinson's own
kind of music? Ray Charles Robinson, a blind musician
in America, was famous for his records of
jazz, rock'n'roll, blues and country music.
But the world knew him better as Ray
Charles. He had an influence on
American popular music. The song Let's Go Get Stoned is an example of Ray Charles' own kind of music — his own sound. He worked hard for several years to create that sound. No one ever tried it before. He mixed black church music, blues and rock'n'roll. The sound was extremely successful.In the 1950s, his records began to sell millions of copies. At the same time, Ray Charles recorded jazz music.Those re-cords sold well, too. People said they were new and exciting.
Ray Charles became famous because he could play blues, rock and jazz. He also liked other kinds of music. He told the record company officials that he
wanted to record an album (专辑) of country-and-western music. The president of the record company told him it would be a mistake. He said Ray's fans would not buy the album. Charles disagreed. He said he believed he would gain many new fans to replace the few he might lose. He produced the
album and it was an immediate success.
The album was called Modern Sounds in Country and Western Music. Many of the songs sold very well. One of the most popular songs was I Can't Stop Loving You. It is a country-and-western song with Ray Charles' sound of blues and black church of music.Ⅰ.What are our five senses？Please look at the following
picture and name the five senses.答案：1.sight 2.hearing 3.taste 4.touch 5.smellⅡ.Fill in the blanks according to the pictures.1．If you want to delicious ice-cream，you will use your tongue (舌头)．taste2．When you enjoy the beauty of nature, you can
it with your eyes.see3．The little boy is so interested in the picture that he is it with his hand. touching4．Listening to music can help you feel relaxed (放松的), but too much listening may harm your .hearingsmellsScan the text and choose the best answers.
1．It was ________ that Polly had her fantastic experience.
A．on the way to work
B．on the way back home from work
C．on the way to visit her friend
D．on her way to the shop2．How did Polly plan to go back home at the beginning?
A．By taxi. B．By train.
C．By bus. D．By car.3．How did Polly get to Green Park she wanted to go to?
A．By bus. B．Taking a taxi.
C．On the train. D．Led by a strange man.
4．The man who helped Polly out of trouble was ________.
A．the man who watched Polly on the train
B．an old blind man who always helps others in the fog
C．the old man who made heavy footsteps behind her
D．an old man who always gets lost in the heavy fog5．The text mainly talks about ________.
A．Polly's experience in a fog
B．Polly's school life in London
C．Polly's experience in a train
D．what a person should do in a fog
答案：1.B 2.C 3.C 4.B 5.AⅠ.Read the text carefully and decide whether the following statements are true (T) or false (F)．
1．When Polly left home, she didn't know if the buses
would be running. （ ）2．Polly was quite sure that the tall man could take her to
the destination without difficulty. （ ）FF3．Polly heard the sound of footsteps again, and she wanted
to run because of fear. （ ）
4．Polly got off the train in Park Street, where she got help
from the old man. （ ）5．Having taken Polly to King Street, the old man left to
help more people who were lost in the fog. （ ）TTFⅡ.Read the text again and fill in the form below.Place/WherefeelingleftPlace/Wherefeelingruntrain;watchedPlace/WherefeelinglaybrushedPlace/Wherefeelingfrightenedthankful/gratefulFill in the blanks according to the text.
Polly never foresaw she would one day be helped by an old blind man. At four o'clock that afternoon, she left work and 1. out into the street, ready to go home in King Street. Due to the thick 2. , she had to take the Underground to Green Park, then to her house. As it was so foggy that she felt a bit 3. . On the train shesteppedfogfrightenedhad a feeling that she was being 4. by a tall man. Walking towards Park Street, she heard footsteps and felt a man's rough hand 5. her cheek. Her heart was
6. with fear. Therefore, when she heard another man's footsteps, she wanted to run, but fear 7. her still. Much to her joy, this time an old man carrying a stick reached out his hand, held her hand firmly, and 8. her to her street, chatting all the way.watchedbrushbeatingheldled In the end, Polly got to 9. that the old man was blind! Why did he do that on such a day? The old man wanted to 10. back the help he received when it was sunny. Polly felt so warm! Everyone needs help and should pay it back.knowpayWhat can we learn from the blind man?
__________________________________________________
__________________________________________________
参考答案：We should be grateful to our parents, relatives, friends and others who helped us when we were in trouble.课件76张PPT。课时跟踪检测Unit 1Section Ⅱ语言点一语言点二语言点三识记掌握理解拓展应用落实识记掌握理解拓展应用落实识记掌握理解拓展应用落实(一)词义配对
1．forecast A．small in width
2．glance B．to come near to sb./sth. in distance or time
3．hearing C．tell in advance
4．narrow D．ability to hear
5．anxious E．take a quick look
6．grasp F．money charged for a journey by bus, ship, taxi, etc.7．stare G．feeling worried or nervous
8．approach H．to take a firm hold of sb./sth.
9．fare I．a person who collects money from passengers on a bus or checks their tickets
10．conductor J．to look at sb./sth. for a long time
答案：1.C 2.E 3.D 4.A 5.G 6.H 7.J 8.B
9．F 10.I(二)根据所给词性和汉语意思写出单词
11． adj. 凸起的
12． adv. 无处，到处都不
13． adv.& conj. 无论哪里
14． n．& vt. 帮助
15． n. 轻松，宽慰
16． n. (马路边的)人行道raisednowherewhereveraidreliefpavement17． vt.使糊涂，使迷惑→ adj.感到困惑的
→ adj.令人困惑的→ n．困惑
18． adj.有雾的，雾茫茫的→ n．雾
19． vt.观察；注意到；评论→ n．观察者
→ n．观察；注意
20． n．黑暗→ adj.黑暗的
21． vi.犹豫，迟疑不决→ n．犹豫，迟疑
22． adv.牢牢地，坚定地→ adj.坚定的，牢牢的
23． adj.感激的，表示感谢的→ adj.(同义
词)confuseconfusedconfusingconfusionfoggyfogobserveobserverobservationdarknessdarkhesitatehesitationfirmlyfirmgratefulthankful1．confuse vt.使糊涂，使迷惑
(一)背诵佳句培养语感
(教材原句)However, even if we have good senses, they can still confuse us.
但是，即使我们有很好的感官，它们仍然可能迷惑我们。
(鲜活例句)The explanation which he gave us confused most of us.
他作出的解释使我们大多数人感到迷惑。(二)归纳拓展全析考点(1)confuse A with/and B 把A和B混淆
(2)confused adj. 糊涂的，感到迷惑的
get confused 感到糊涂
feel/be confused about 对……感到迷惑、困惑
(3)confusing adj. 令人迷惑的
(4)confusion n. 困惑，混淆；困窘①You mustn't confuse Australia with Austria.
你千万不要把澳大利亚和奥地利混淆了。
②If you anything, phone my office.
如果你对什么事有疑问，给我办公室打电话。
③To avoid confusion, the twins never wore the same clothes.
为了避免搞混，这对双胞胎从不穿一样的衣服。are confused about[点津] confusing通常用来描述某物所具有的特征，confused通常用来表示人的感觉。
④They asked me so many confusing questions that I got confused.
他们问了我许多让人困惑的问题，把我弄糊涂了。2．observe vt.观察；注意到；评论；遵守；庆祝(节日)
(一)背诵佳句培养语感
(教材原句)As Polly observed the passengers on the train, she had a feeling that she was being watched by a tall man in a dark overcoat.
正当波莉打量地铁车厢里的乘客时，她感觉到有一个穿黑色大衣的高个男人一直在注视着她。(鲜活例句)They carefully observed the behavior of deer.
他们仔细观察了鹿的生活习性。
(鲜活例句)I was told that the law must be strictly observed.
我被告知法律必须严格遵守。(二)归纳拓展全析考点observe sb. do sth. 注意到某人做某事
observe sb. doing sth. 注意到某人正在做某事①They didn't observe John come in and go upstairs.
他们没注意到约翰进来并上楼了。
②They were observed walking towards the supermarket.
有人发现他们正朝超市走去。[点津] observe“观察，注意到”是感官动词，在主动语态中，其后的宾语补充语可用不带to的不定式充当，但变为被动语态后，省略的to需加上。
③It is said that they were observed .
据说有人注意到他们进了银行。to go into/enter the bank3．glance vi.& n．瞥一眼，匆匆看，扫视
(一)背诵佳句培养语感
(教材原句)While the rest of the passengers were getting out, she glanced at the faces around her.
当其他乘客陆续下车的时候，波莉扫视了一下周围的面孔。
(鲜活例句)She gave the boy a quick glance as he walked into the room.
那个男孩走进房间时，她朝他瞥了一眼。(二)归纳拓展全析考点(1)glance at 看一下；浏览
glance over/through 浏览
(2)at a glance 看一眼就……
at first glance 乍一看
give/take a glance (at) (朝……)一瞥①I glanced at my watch and was surprised to see that it was midnight.
我看了一下手表，吃惊地发现已经是午夜了。
②Tom the report and handed it to me.
汤姆浏览了一下报告后递给了我。
③He could tell at a glance what was wrong.
他一眼就看出了问题所在。glanced at/over/through(三)明辨易混失误防范比较 glance at, stare at, glare at用glance at, stare at和glare at填空
④The girl the people around and found a man her. She became so angry that she
him for a warning.
那姑娘向周围的人扫了一眼，发现一个男人盯着自己，她非常生气，瞪了他一眼以示警告。glanced atstaring atglared at4．nowhere adv.无处，到处都不n.不知道的地方，无处
(一)背诵佳句培养语感
(教材原句)The tall man was nowhere to be seen.
高个子男人不见了。
(鲜活例句)We could find nowhere to park the car, so Dad had to drive it home again.
我们找不到停车的地方，父亲只好又把它开回了家。(二)归纳拓展全析考点nowhere to be seen/found/heard 哪儿也看/找/听不到
get/go nowhere 毫无进展；一无所获①When we arrived there, Bob was nowhere to be found.
当我们到达那里时，到处都找不到鲍勃。
②He was getting nowhere with his work until his sister helped him.
在姐姐的帮助下他的工作才取得一些进展。[点津] nowhere含有否定意义，置于句首时，句子要用倒装语序。
③Nowhere else in the world such a quiet, beautiful place.
世界上没有别的地方能像此地这样幽静美丽。can there be5．approach vt.靠近，接近；着手处理 n．靠近；方法；路
径；通道
(一)背诵佳句培养语感
(教材原句)As she walked along the narrow street, she heard the sound of footsteps approaching, but by the time she reached the corner of the street, the footsteps were gone.
当她沿着狭窄的街道走着时，她听到脚步声在靠近，但当她走到街道拐角处时，脚步声消失了。(鲜活例句)It's approaching lunchtime, so let's take a break.
快到吃午饭的时间了，咱们休息一会儿吧。
(鲜活例句)He tried everything to approach the difficult problem.
他想尽一切方法来处理这个难题。(二)归纳拓展全析考点make approaches to sb. 与某人打交道
an approach to (doing) sth. (做)某事的方法/途径
at the approach of 在快到……的时候①I am unwilling to make approaches to a person like him.
我不想和像他那样的人打交道。
②Nine in ten parents said there were significant differences in their approach to educating their children compared with that of their parents.
十个父母中有九个会说，与他们的父母教育孩子的方法相比，他们教育孩子的方法有很大的不同。[点津] approach指做事的方法、途径时，其后通常接介词to。当表示某人或某物来临时，其后通常接介词of。
③The approach the final examination is making Linda nervous.
期末考试的逼近使琳达紧张不安。of6．hesitate vi.犹豫，迟疑不决
(一)背诵佳句培养语感
(教材原句)Polly hesitated.
波莉犹豫了。
(鲜活例句)Don't hesitate about your decision once you think it over.
只要你思考清楚了，就不要犹豫不决。(二)归纳拓展全析考点(1)hesitate about/over (doing) sth.
对(做)……犹豫不决
hesitate to do sth. 对做某事有顾虑
(2)hesitation n. 踌躇，犹豫
have no hesitation in doing 毫不犹豫地做
without hesitation 毫不犹豫地，立即①He's still hesitating about joining the expedition.
他对是否参加考察队仍拿不定主意。
②Don't hesitate to tell us if you have a problem.
你有问题就直截了当地告诉我们。
③With the work done, he accepted the invitation .
工作已完成，他毫不犹豫地接受了邀请。with-out hesitation7．grasp vt.抓紧，抓牢；理解，领会
(教材原句)A few seconds later, a hand reached out and grasped her arm.
几秒钟之后，有一只手伸了过来，抓住了她的胳膊。
(鲜活例句)I grasped his arm firmly and led him away.
我紧紧抓住他的胳膊把他带走了。
(鲜活例句)At that time, I didn't fully grasp the meaning of what had happened.
那个时候，我没有完全明白所发生的事的意义。8．anxious adj.焦虑的，忧虑的；急切的
(一)背诵佳句培养语感
(教材原句) You really shouldn't feel anxious.
你真的不该感到担心。
(鲜活例句)I was really anxious about you. You shouldn't have left home without a word.
我真的很担心你。你不应该不打招呼就离开家。(二)归纳拓展全析考点(1)be anxious for/about 为……担心
be anxious to do sth. 急于做某事
be anxious that ... 渴望……
(2)anxiety n. 忧虑，渴望
in anxiety 担忧地
anxiously adv. 焦急地，担忧地①We're anxious for your safe return.
我们盼望你平安归来。
②He is that he can deal with the problem.
他急切地想表明他能解决这个问题。
③They were anxious that aid should be sent soon.
他们盼望着救援物品尽快送到。
④The fear of unemployment can cause deep anxiety among people.
害怕失业会使人们产生严重的焦虑。anxious to show(三)明辨易混失误防范
比较 anxious, eager用anxious和eager填空
⑤He is to do that interesting job.
⑥I knew it was just a minor operation, but I couldn't help feeling .eageranxious9．aid n．& vt.帮助，援助
(一)背诵佳句培养语感
(教材原句)‘Thank you so much for coming to my aid，’ said Polly in relief.
“非常感谢您来帮助我，”波莉如释重负地说道。
(鲜活例句)I'd be very grateful if you could aid me in business.
如果你在事业上帮助我，我将非常感激。(二)归纳拓展全析考点①One of the station staff saw he was in difficulty and came to his aid.
一位车站工作人员见他有困难，便过来帮忙。
② my English teacher, I have made great progress this term.
在英语老师的帮助下，我这个学期取得了很大的进步。
③There is no need for you to aid them in doing/to do this job.
你没有必要帮助他们做这项工作。With the aid of10．relief n．轻松，宽慰
(一)背诵佳句培养语感
(鲜活例句)News of their safety came as a great relief.
他们平安的消息(给大家)带来了巨大的安慰。(二)归纳拓展全析考点(1)find relief from 从……中摆脱出来
give a sigh of relief 宽慰地舒了一口气
to one's (great) relief 使某人(大为)欣慰的是
in/with relief 轻松地，欣慰地
(2)relieve v. (疼痛、问题)减轻，缓解
relieve sb. of ... 解除某人……的负担①We all gave a sigh of relief when we won the game.
赢了比赛后，大家如释重负地松了口气。
② ,he passed the exam.
令我们欣慰的是，他通过了考试。
③He watched with relief as the girl nodded.
女孩点头时他欣慰地看着。
④You may ask your daughter to relieve you of some housework.
你可以让你女儿减轻你家务上的负担。To our relief点击下图进入 应用落实即时体验1． sight 看得到，在视力范围之内
2．wish 盼望，企盼
3．reach (手)伸出，伸出(手)
4．stare up 抬头凝视
5．watch out 留心，密切注意inforoutatfor6．come one's aid 来帮助某人
7． relief 轻松地，宽慰地
8．pay 偿还；报答
9． the future 将来
10．get (使)越过，(使)横穿马路；(使) 被了解toinbackinacross1．in sight看得到，在视力范围之内
(一)背诵佳句培养语感
(教材原句)There was no one in sight.
什么人也看不见。
(鲜活例句)Peace is not at hand and it is not even in sight.
和平没有在望，甚至连影子也没有。(二)归纳拓展全析考点at (the) sight of 一见到……就……
catch sight of 发现，突然见到
lose sight of 看不见
out of sight 看不见，在视野外
at first sight 乍一看①She was sick at the sight of the blood.
她一见到血就感到恶心。
②I lost sight of him in the crowd.
他消失在人群中，我看不到他了。
③Karen waved until the car was .
卡伦不停地挥手，直到汽车看不见为止。out of sight2．wish for盼望，企盼
(一)背诵佳句培养语感
(教材原句)A minute before, she had wished for some-one to come along.
刚才她还盼望着能有什么人朝她这里走过来。
(鲜活例句)I couldn't wish for a better job than I've got.
我不能指望得到比现在的工作更好的工作了。(二)归纳拓展全析考点wish to do sth. 希望做某事
wish sb. to do sth. 希望某人做某事
wish sb. sth. 祝某人得到……①We all wish our country to be rich and powerful.
我们都希望我们的国家富有、强大。
②Wish you a better life in the future.
祝你将来生活更美好。3．reach out(手)伸出，伸出(手)
(一)背诵佳句培养语感
(教材原句)A few seconds later, a hand reached out and grasped her arm.
几秒钟后，一只手伸出来抓住了她的胳膊。
(鲜活例句)She reached out her hands and took the box away quickly.
她伸出手，迅速拿走了那个盒子。(二)归纳拓展全析考点某人手够不到的地方；
在某人能力所及范围之外某人手够得到的地方；在某人
能力所及范围之内①Peter reached into his pocket to get his wallet.
彼得把手伸进口袋拿他的钱包。
②He the book I offered him.
他伸手接过我给他的书。
③He asked me to put the book within his reach.
他让我把书放到他能够得到的地方。
[点津] reach for sth.意为“伸手拿某物”，而reach sth.意为“伸手够得着某物”。reached out (his hand) forThe apple is within his reach while the bananas are beyond his reach.
他够得着苹果却够不到香蕉。4．watch out for留意，留心，密切注意(外在危险)(后接宾
语时for不能省略)
(一)背诵佳句培养语感
(教材原句)Watch out for the step here.
当心这里的台阶。
(鲜活例句)Watch out for cars when you cross the road.
过马路时当心车辆。(二)归纳拓展全析考点watch over 监视；留心，注视；看护，照顾
be on the watch for 看守着，监视着，提防着
keep (a) watch 看守；值班
keep watch over 守护；密切注意①She watched over us like a mother hen over brood.
她像母鸡照顾小鸡一样保护我们。
②Grace is still on the watch the red-haired boy.
格蕾丝仍在提防着那个红头发的男孩。
③It would be better if you keep watch over yourself. I might forget.
恐怕还是您自己注意更好些，我可能会忘记。for点击下图进入 应用落实即时体验1. [句型展示] she walked
quickly towards her usual bus stop.
一到街上，她就急匆匆地走向她以往乘车的站点。
[典例背诵]
Once in bed, the children usually wish for a bedtime story.
小孩子一旦上了床，就通常盼着听睡前故事。Once out in the street, 2．[句型展示] ‘Sorry, Miss，’ replied the man, ‘the truth
is that it is foggy for the bus run that far ...’
“对不起，小姐，”那人回答说，“实际情况是雾太大了，公交车去不了那么远……”
[典例背诵]
The book is too difficult for him to understand.
这本书太难了，他理解不了。tooto3．[句型展示] Outside, wherever she looked the fog lay
like a thick, grey cloud.
外面，无论她往哪儿看，大雾就像一片浓密的灰云笼罩着。
[典例背诵]
We found the people friendly wherever we went.
无论我们走到哪里，我们都发现人们很友好。4．[句型展示] Polly found_herself_staring_up_at the face
of an old man with a beard.
波莉抬头看去，发现是一位长着络腮胡子的老人。
[典例背诵]
When he came to himself, he found himself surrounded by a group of boys.
他醒来时，发现自己被一群男孩子围着。1．Once_out_in_the_street,_she walked quickly towards
her usual bus stop.
一到街上，她就急匆匆地走向她以往乘车的站点。
Once out in the street属于状语从句的省略，其完整形式为：Once she was out in the street。
在时间、地点、条件、方式、让步状语从句中，如果主从句的主语一致或从句的主语是it，而且从句谓语含有be动词，则从句的主语和be动词可一起省略。①Once (it is) found, any mistake must be corrected.
一旦发现错误，就必须加以改正。
②While I paid a visit to the Bird's Nest.
在北京时我参观了鸟巢。
③If (it is) possible, would you like to go to the island with me?
如果可能的话，你愿意和我一起去那个岛吗？(I was) in Beijing,2．‘Sorry, Miss，’ replied the man, ‘the truth is that it is
too foggy for the bus to run that far ...’“对不起，小姐，”那人回答说，“实际情况是雾太大了，公交车去不了那么远……”
句中含有“too ... to ...”结构，在学习该结构时，我们要掌握它的“一否、三肯、二转换”用法。
(1)一否：
“too ... to ...”是“形肯义否”的简单句句型，常用于too＋adj./adv.(for sb./sth.) to ...结构中，表示“(对某人/某物来说)太……以至于不能……”①He walked too slowly to get there on time.
他走得太慢，不能按时到那儿。
②The ice is too thin for us to skate on.
这冰太薄了我们不能在上面滑。(2)三肯：
too前有not，never等否定词时，整个句子表示肯定意义。
③It is never too old to learn.
活到老，学到老。
too前有only, all, but时，肯定语气加强，相当于very或
very much。
④I'm only too pleased to be able to help you.
我非常高兴能帮助你。 too后面的形容词是anxious, ready, eager, pleased,
glad等
表示心理活动、情感态度的词语时，句子表示肯定意
义。
⑤She is too anxious to know the result.
她极想知道结果。(3)二转换：
too ... to ...表示“太……以至于不能……”，可与“so ... that ...”或“not ... enough to ...”进行句型转换。
⑥The street is too narrow for any truck to pass through.
＝The street is no truck can pass through it.
＝The street is for any truck pass through.
这条街道很窄，卡车不能通过。so narrow thatnot wide enoughto3．Polly found_herself_staring_up_at the face of an old
man with a beard.
波莉抬头看去，发现是一位长着络腮胡子的老人。
find oneself ...“发现自己处于某种状态，不知不觉地……”，该句型是“find＋复合宾语”结构。①At midnight, he found himself lying on the wet ground.
午夜时分，他发现自己躺在湿地上。
②He didn't find his car until he woke up in the morning.
直到早晨醒来，他才发现自己的车被偷了。
③ Mary had to give up her adventure.
发现自己陷入困境后，玛丽不得不放弃她的冒险活动。
④After wandering around, we found ourselves back at the hotel.
我们四处漫步后发现自己不知不觉回到了旅馆。stolenFinding herself in a difficult situation, [点津] “find＋宾语＋宾语补足语”中的宾语为不定式时，常用it作形式宾语，而真正的宾语放在宾语补足语之后。
⑤He found it very hard to finish the work in time.
他发现要及时完成这项工作很困难。点击下图进入 应用落实即时体验点击下图进入 课时跟踪检测课件58张PPT。课时跟踪检测Unit 1Section Ⅲ语言点一语言点二语言点三识记掌握理解拓展应用落实识记掌握理解拓展应用落实识记掌握理解拓展应用落实(一)根据所给词性和汉语意思写出单词
1． n． 志愿者
vi.&vt. 自愿做，义务做
2． vt. 分析
3． n. 汗水
vi. 流汗
4． vt.& vi. 小声说；私下说
n. 耳语
5． n. 雷，雷声volunteeranalysesweatwhisperthunder6． n. 闪电
7． n. 三角形；三角形物体
8． n. 波浪
vi.&vt. 挥手；摆动
9． n．&vt.&vi. 轻拍，轻敲
10． vt. 使连在一起，把……附 在……上；
认为……重要lightningtrianglewavetapattach11． vt.&vi. 咬
12． n．距离；远处→ adj.遥远的；远隔的；
远亲的
13． adj.抱有希望的→ adv.有希望地；持
乐观态度地→ v．&n.希望；期望；盼望
14． n．套装vt.适合，满足需要→ adj. 合适的，
适宜的
15． n．缺陷；伤残→ v．使某人丧失能
力→ adj.残疾的bitedistancedistanthopefulhopefullyhopesuitsuitabledisabilitydisabledisabled(二)根据首字母提示及英文释义写出下列单词
16． :make sth. smaller in size，number，degree， price，etc.
17． :to breathe air in through your nose in order to
smell something
18． :to know who someone is or what something is，because you have seen，heard，
experienced，or learned about them in the past
19． :something that is difficult to understand orexplain
20． :take no notice of sb./sth.reducesniffrecognizepuzzleignore1．reduce vt.& vi.减少，减轻，降低
(一)背诵佳句培养语感
(教材原句)The possibility that pleasant smells might reduce pain has recently been suggested by new research.
最近新的研究表明令人舒服的气味可能会减轻疼痛。
(鲜活例句)Giving up smoking reduces the risk of heart disease.
戒烟会降低患心脏病的风险。(二)归纳拓展全析考点reduce to 降低到/下降到……
reduce by 减少了……
reduce sb. to (doing) sth.
使某人陷入某种境地；使某人(沦落到)做某事①Your speed must be reduced to the city speed as soon as you cross the border.
你一进市区车速就得减到市区的规定速度。
②She reduced her weight by five kilograms.
她的体重减轻了五千克。
③They along the street in the end.
最后他们沦落到沿街乞讨。were reduced to begging2．recognize vt.认出，辨认出；承认；意识到；(正式)承认
(一)背诵佳句培养语感
(教材原句)One explanation is that women's sense of smell is better developed than that of men, and is linked to recognizing the smell of babies.
一种解释是：女人的嗅觉比男人的嗅觉发育得更好，且与识别婴儿的体味有关。
(鲜活例句)I recognized his voice on the phone although he tried to pretend.
虽然他极力掩饰，我还是在电话里听出了他的声音。(二)归纳拓展全析考点recognize that ... 承认……
recognize ... as ... 承认……为……
be recognized as/to be ... 被公认为/承认是……①He didn't recognize that he had made a big mistake.
他不承认自己犯下了大错。
②Han Han is a brilliant young writer.
韩寒被公认为一个杰出的青年作家。recognized as(三)明辨易混失误防范
比较 recognize, realize用recognize和realize填空
③When I entered the room, I there was something wrong.
④I my old friend as soon as he got off the train.realizedrecognized3．puzzle n．谜，疑问；难题vt.迷惑，使困惑
(一)背诵佳句培养语感
(教材原句)However, why pleasant smells do not reduce pain in men remains a puzzle for scientists.
然而，为什么令人愉快的气味不能减轻男士的痛苦对科学家们来说仍然是个谜。
(鲜活例句)Tom is clever enough to solve puzzles in life.
汤姆很聪明，能解决生活中的难题。
(鲜活例句)What puzzles me is why they didn't show up.
令我不解的是为什么他们没有出现。(二)归纳拓展全析考点(1)puzzle about/over ... 苦苦思索……
puzzle sth. out 琢磨出……的答案
(2)puzzling adj. 令人困惑的
puzzled adj. 困惑的；迷惑不解的
puzzlement n. 迷茫，困惑①He was studying the map and puzzled about the easiest way to cross the mountains.
他在仔细察看地图，想找出最容易穿过山区的道路。
②He was trying why he had been brought to the house.
他想弄明白自己为何被带到这所房子。
③Everyone was a bit puzzled by her sudden departure.
每个人都对她的突然离开有点儿困惑不解。to puzzle out4．ignore vt.忽视；对……不予理会
(一)背诵佳句培养语感
(教材原句)It is added that while our sense of sight is used too much, our senses of touch and smell have been ignored.
研究补充说，虽然我们的视觉被用得太多，但是我们的触觉和嗅觉一直被忽视。
(鲜活例句)I made a suggestion, but they chose to ignore it.
我提了个建议，但他们不予理睬。(二)归纳拓展全析考点①The ignorant girl doesn't know where Scotland is.
那个无知的女孩不知道苏格兰在哪里。
②Do you mean you were complete
the fact?
你是说这件事你完全不知情吗？inignorance of/about5．distance n．距离，远处
(一)背诵佳句培养语感
(教材原句)In the distance I could hear thunder and see lightning coming.
在远处我就能够听到雷声看到闪电。
(鲜活例句)It is important to consider distance from public transport when buying a house.
买房子时考虑公共交通的距离很重要。(二)归纳拓展全析考点①On a clear day you can see the peak covered with snow in the distance.
在天气晴朗的日子，你可以看见远处白雪皑皑的峰顶。
②The picture is good at first sight, but it looks much better .
这幅画乍一看不错，稍远点看更好。at a distance③It was difficult to get to know her because she always kept everyone at a distance.
要了解她很难，她老是对每个人都保持一段距离。
④Her father advised her that fellow.
她父亲劝她离那家伙远一点。to keep her distance from6．suit n．套装，一套外衣 vt.适合，适宜，满足需要
(一)背诵佳句培养语感
(教材原句)It was a man in a metal suit.
那是一位穿着金属套装的男士。
(鲜活例句)I haven't found a job that suit me yet.
我还没找到适合我的工作。(二)归纳拓展全析考点(1)suit ... to ... 使……适合……
suit oneself (口)随自己的意愿，自便
(2)suitable adj. 适合的，适宜的
be suitable for 适合……①She had the ability to suit her performances to the audience.
她有能力使她的表演适合观众。
②The film isn't suitable little children.
这部电影不适合小孩看。for(三)明辨易混失误防范
比较 suit, fit, match用suit, fit 和match填空
③The new coat doesn't me well; it's a little large.
④He asked if this time would you.
⑤The curtain doesn't your carpet.fitsuitmatch7．attach vt.使连在一起，把……附在……上；认
为……重要
(一)背诵佳句培养语感
(教材原句)During the operation, Mr Liu had a new hand attached.
在手术中，刘先生被接上了一只新手。
(鲜活例句)I think you should attach a label to each piece of luggage.
我认为你应该在每件行李上都贴上一个标签。(二)归纳拓展全析考点attach ... to ... 将……附在……上
attach to sth. 与……有关联
attach oneself to sb. 和某人在一起，缠着某人
be attached to sb./sth. 依恋，留恋，爱慕某人/某事物；
隶属于；附属于
attach importance/significance/value to
认为……重要/有意义/有价值①The blame for this accident attaches to the man who drove under the influence of alcohol.
这起事故的责任应由酒后开车的那个人承担。
②This hospital the medical college nearby.
这个医院附属于附近的那所医学院。
③It is unwise to attach too much importance to the information.
过于重视那个信息是不明智的。is attached to8．whisper vt.& vi.小声说，私下说，耳语n.耳语，小声
说的话
(一)背诵佳句培养语感
(教材原句)‘My goodness，’ Sandy
whispered, as she stepped back.
“我的天啊，”桑迪一边后退一边低声说。
(鲜活例句)We could hear the whisper of wind in the trees.
我们能听到树林里的飒飒风声。(二)归纳拓展全析考点(1)whisper (sth.) to sb. 对某人小声说(某事)
whisper (to sb.) that ... (对某人)小声说……
It is whispered that ... 有人私下说……
(2)in a whisper/in whispers 低声说①Dad whispered a warning to us to keep quiet.
爸爸低声警告我们要保持安静。
②It is whispered that she is an adopted child.
有人私下说她是一个领养的孩子。
③The two men began talking .
那两个男人开始低声说话。in whispers/in a whisper点击下图进入 应用落实即时体验1．be related 和……相关，和……有联系
2．be linked 和……有联系的，和……有关联的
3．make the most 充分利用
4．warm (使)暖和起来；(使)热身
5．all a sudden 突然，猛地
6．make 取得进步
7．work 锻炼；制定出totoofupofprogressout8． one's surprise 使某人惊奇的是
9． the distance 在远处
10．be applied 被应用于……
11．be curious 对……好奇
12．set sail 朝……出发
13．ring (铃声、枪声等)突然响起
14．think 仔细考虑tointoaboutforoutover1．ring out(铃声、枪声等)突然响起，发出响亮的声音
(一)背诵佳句培养语感
(教材原句)All of a sudden, I heard a loud noise ring out through the cold air ...
突然我听到一阵吵闹透过寒冷的空气传了过来……
(鲜活例句)Rob's laughter rang out in the large room.
罗布的笑声响彻这个大房间。(二)归纳拓展全析考点ring (sb.) back (给某人)回电话
ring off 挂断电话
ring (sb.) up (给某人)打电话①Can you ask him to ring me back when he gets home?
他回家后你能让他给我回电话吗？
②She was so angry that she before I could explain.
她非常生气，我还没来得及解释她就挂断了电话。rang off2．make the most of充分利用
(一)背诵佳句培养语感
(教材原句)Scientists observe that making the most of our senses when we are young can keep us healthy later on in life.
科学家们评论说年轻时充分利用我们的感官，能使我们在以后的生活中保持健康。
(鲜活例句)We must make the most of the fine weather.
我们必须充分利用这好天气。(二)归纳拓展全析考点make full use of 充分利用
make good use of 好好利用
make the best of 充分利用①Make full use of every chance you have to speak Eng-lish.
要充分利用一切机会说英语。
②We will make good use of her talents.
我们要很好地发挥她的才能。3．work out制订出，设计出；算出；锻炼(身体)；有好
结果
(教材原句)Mr Liu's doctor has worked out a safe
treat-ment plan for him.
刘先生的医生为他制订了一个安全的治疗计划。(1)制订出，设计出；算出
①I believe that you can work out this problem by
your-self.
我相信你自己能算出这道题。
②I think we should to deal with this
situation.
我想我们应该制订出一个计划来应对这种情况。work out a plan(2)锻炼(身体)
③Mr. White wants to work out every morning in order
to keep fit.
怀特先生要每天早晨锻炼以保持身体健康。
(3)有好结果，结果
④It didn't occur to me that things worked out quite well.
我没有想到事情的结果很不错。点击下图进入 应用落实即时体验1．[句型展示] While having dinner, listen to some
enjoy-able music watch television.
吃饭时，听一些愉快的音乐而不是看电视。
[典例背诵]
Rather than telephone, I decided to write to him.
我决定给他写信而不是打电话。rather than2．[句型展示] There was a terrible snowstorm
I could hardly see.
如此糟糕的暴风雪让我几乎看不见什么东西。
[典例背诵]
He made such an excellent speech that everyone admired him.
他做了如此精彩的演讲，人们都钦佩他。suchthat3．[句型展示] in the sky.
有一只鸟在天空中飞翔。
[典例背诵]
There are a few boys swimming in the lake.
有几个男孩正在湖里游泳。There was a bird flying4．[句型展示] He was outgoing and very interesting
.
他外向开朗，听他说话很有趣。
[典例背诵]
The picture is pleasant to look at.
那幅画看上去让人赏心悦目。to listen to1．While having dinner, listen to some enjoyable music
rather_than watch television.
吃饭时，听一些愉快的音乐而不是看电视。
此句是个复合句，while引导时间状语从句，此处是时间状语从句的省略。句中rather than意为“而不是，而非”，常用来连接句中的平行结构。
①I'd prefer to paint the room blue rather than red.
我宁愿把房间漆成蓝色，而不是红色。
②I'd prefer to go in summer rather than in winter.
我宁可夏天去而不是冬天去。[点津] (1)rather than连接两个名词或代词作主语时，谓语动词应与rather than前面的名词或代词在人称和数上保持一致。
(2)rather than后接不定式时，不定式可以带to，也可以不带to。但rather than 位于句首时，则只能接不带to的不定式。
③You rather than I going to go camping.
是你而不是我要去野营。arewould do ... rather than do ...
宁愿做……而不愿……
would rather do ... than do ...
宁愿做……而不愿……
prefer to do ... rather than (to) do ...
宁愿做……而不愿……④She would die rather than lose the children.
＝She'd rather die than lose the children.
＝She lose the children.
她宁可死也不愿失去孩子们。prefers to die rather than2. There_was_a_bird_flying in the sky.
有一只鸟在天空中飞翔。
此处用的是句型结构：there be＋名词＋现在分词。
(1)其中的现在分词表示主动关系，同时表示动作正在进行。
①There are a few students playing basketball on the playground.
操场上有几个学生在打篮球。
(2)有时现在分词可表示一种状态。
②There's a piano standing against the wall.
靠墙有一架钢琴。(3)有个别现在分词用于该结构时可以表示将来(正如它
们可用进行时表示将来一样)，这些词有：come, go, leave, stay等。
③There are about five friends
next week.
下个星期天约有5个朋友来参加我的生日聚会。coming to my birthday party3．He was outgoing and very interesting to_listen_to.
他外向开朗，听他说话很有趣。
这是“主语＋be＋形容词＋不定式”结构，在这个结构中，不定式常与句中的主语构成动宾关系，该不定式用主动形式表示被动意义。常用于此结构的形容词有easy, hard, difficult, interesting, pleasant, comfortable, dangerous, impossible等。
①Some boys think English is difficult to learn.
有些男孩子认为英语难学。[点津] 此结构中，不定式的动词必须是及物动词；如果是不及物动词，则要在不及物动词后加上适当的介词，使之成为及物动词短语。
②The chair is comfortable to sit on.
这椅子坐着挺舒服。
③Our boss is easy .
我们的老板平易近人。to get on/along with点击下图进入 应用落实即时体验点击下图进入 课时跟踪检测课件48张PPT。Unit 1Section Ⅳ语法讲座写作讲座知识必备专题练习佳作观摩技法指导专题练习一、名词性从句的概念
在句子中起名词作用的从句叫做名词性从句。名词性从句包括主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。学习名词性从句主要应注意其引导词的用法与区别以及名词性从句与其他从句的区别等。二、名词性从句的引导词三、名词性从句的分类
1．主语从句
(1)主语从句通常由连词that和whether，连接代词或连接
副词引导。
That she passed the exam made us very happy.
她通过了考试使得我们非常高兴。
Whether he will come or not is still a question.
他是否会来仍然是个问题。
What he said at the meeting was very inspiring.
他在会上说的话非常鼓舞人心。[考题印证1]
1－1(2012·安徽高考)The limits of a person's intelligence,
generally speaking, are fixed at birth, but________ he reaches these limits will depend on his environment.
A．where B．whether
C．that D．why
解析：选 。考查主语从句的引导词。句意：一个人的智力极限，通常来说，出生时就已经定型了，但他是否能够达到这些极限则取决于他的生活环境。根据“depend on”可知，主语从句“ ________ he reaches these limits”中含有不确定因素，故用whether，选B。B1－2(2011·北京高考)______Barbara Jones offers to her fans
is honesty and happiness.
A．Which B．What
C．That D．Whom
解析：选 。考查名词性从句。由句中的is 可知空格处为主语从句的引导词，且该引导词在从句中作offer 的宾语，故可排除C项；which“哪一个”；whom“谁”。故只有B项正确。 B(2)主语从句可以直接放在句首，有时为了平衡句子结构或
表示强调，常用it作形式主语，而将从句放在后面。
It is reported that the novel has been translated into several foreign languages.
据报道这部小说已经被翻译成了几种外语。
It is necessary that we should buy a Chinese-English dictionary.
我们买本汉英词典是有必要的。Whether we shall have our sports meeting is still a question.
＝It is still a question whether we shall have our sports meeting.
我们是否开运动会仍然是个问题。[考题印证2]
2－1(2012·湖南高考)Everyone in the village is very friendly.
It doesn't matter ________ you have lived there for a short or a long time.
A．why B．how
C．whether D．when
解析：选 。考查主语从句。句意：村里所有人都很友好。无论你在该村住的时间长或短都没差别。由句意可知选whether，和空后的or构成whether ...or ...“无论……还是……”的固定句型。C2－2(2011·江苏高考)It was never clear ______the man
hadn't reported the accident sooner.
A．that B．how
C．when D．why
解析：选 。考查名词性从句。句意：那位男士为什么没有及时举报事故尚不清楚。分析句子成分可知，此处是一个主语从句，再结合句意可知应用why引导。D2．宾语从句
(1)在句中起宾语作用的从句为宾语从句。宾语从句可分为三
类：动词宾语从句、介词宾语从句和形容词宾语从句。
Could you tell me whether/if it snows in winter in Australia?
你能告诉我澳大利亚的冬天是否会下雪？
We are talking about whether we admit students into our club.
我们正在讨论是否让学生加入我们的俱乐部。
I'm sure that he will succeed.
我确认他会成功的。[点津] 宾语从句后如果接补语，则常用it作形式宾语，而把宾语从句置于句末。
We all find it important that we (should) make a quick decision about this matter.
我们都认为对这件事尽快做出决定很重要。(2)宾语从句的时态：
①如果主句谓语是现在时，从句的时态可根据实际情况而定。
I know he lived in a city three years ago.
我知道他三年前住在某个城市里。
②如果主句谓语是过去时，从句要用表示过去的某一时态。
He said that he had seen the film The Flowers of War.
他说他曾看过电影《金陵十三钗》。[点津] 如果宾语从句表示的是客观事实或真理时，不管主句是什么时态，宾语从句一律用一般现在时。
The teacher told us that the earth moves around the sun.
老师告诉我们地球围绕太阳转。
(3)否定转移：
当动词believe，expect，guess，imagine，suppose，think等后接一个表示否定意义的宾语从句时，通常否定主句。
I don't think you are right.
我认为你不对。[考题印证3]
3－1(2012·北京高考)Jerry did not regret giving the
comment but felt ________ he could have expressed it differently.
A．why B．how
C．that D．whether
解析：选 。 考查宾语从句。句意：杰瑞不后悔给出评论，但是觉得自己本来可以用不同的方式来表达。that he could have expressed it differently是由that引导的宾语从句，作felt的宾语。that在从句中不作成分。C3－2(2011·安徽高考)His writing is so confusing that it's
difficult to make out ______ it is he is trying to express.
A．that B．how
C．who D．what
解析：选 。考查宾语从句。句意：他的书写如此令人困惑，以至于难以辨认他在试图表达什么。 分析句子结构可知，引导词在定语从句 he is trying to express中作宾语，因此用what。D3．表语从句
(1)表语从句通常由连词that，whether，连接代词和连接副
词，以及as if，as though，because等连词引导。
The question is whether it is worth doing.
问题是这事值不值得做。
It looked as if it was going to rain.
天看上去好像要下雨。(2)当主语是reason时，表语从句一般要用that引导而不
用because。
The reason why he didn't come to school was that he was ill.
他没来学校的原因是他生病了。
[点津] 后跟表语从句的连系动词除be动词外还有seem, look, appear, sound等。[考题印证4]
(2010·上海高考)One reason for her preference for city life is ________ she can have easy access to places like shops and restaurants.
A．that B．how
C．what D．why
解析：选 。考查表语从句。句意：她偏爱城市生活的原因之一是在城市里很容易找到像商店和餐馆这样的地方。从句语义与结构完整，故用that引导表语从句。A4．同位语从句
(1)从句在复合句中充当同位语成分，通常跟在一些抽象名
词(idea, belief, fact, truth, problem, news等)后面，对名词做进一步解释说明。同位语从句常用that或连接副词when/where/why/how引导。The fact that he didn't say anything at the meeting surprised everybody.
他在会上什么也没说使得大家很惊讶。
The view that teenagers shouldn't spend too much time visiting the Internet is shared by many parents.
青少年不应该花太多时间上网，这个观点被很多父母所接受。(2)that引导同位语从句与定语从句的区别
that作为关系代词，可以引导定语从句，在从句中充当句子成分，在定语从句中作宾语时可以省略；that引导同位语从句时，起连词的作用，没有实际意义，在从句中不充当句子成分，一般不能省略。I received the message that he would come by plane.
我收到了他将乘飞机来的消息。(同位语从句)
I received the message (that) you sent me.
我收到了你发给我的消息。(定语从句)
The news that they had won the game arrived soon.
很快就传来了他们比赛获胜的消息。(同位语从句)
The news that you told me yesterday is true.
昨天你告诉我的那个消息是真的。(定语从句)[考题印证5]
(2012·江苏高考)The notice came around two in the afternoon________ the meeting would be postponed.
A．when B．that
C．whether D．how
解析：选 。考查同位语从句。分析句子成分可知，“________ the meeting would be postponed”是同位语从句，解释说明notice的具体内容，从句句意完整，所以用that引导。B四、that/if/whether引导的名词性从句
1．that引导的名词性从句
(1)that引导名词性从句时，仅起连接作用，不充当成分，
无实际意义。
She sensed that she was being watched by a tall man in a yellow coat.
她感觉到一个穿黄色外套的高个子男人正在盯着她看。(2)that引导的名词性从句，只有在宾语从句中可以省略，
在其他从句中that一般不省略；但若动词后有多个that引导的宾语从句时，第一个that可以省略，其余的不能省略。
I know (that) you have studied English, and that you have written an English poem.(第二个that不能省略)
我知道你学英语了，还写了一首英文诗。(3)that引导的从句如果作介词宾语，一般只用在except, in
等少数介词后：except that(除了……), in that(因为……)。
The problem lies in that the mist may become a thick fog.
问题在于轻雾可能转变为浓雾。
I didn't tell him anything except that I wasn't able to find my way back.
我只告诉他我找不到回去的路了。[考题印证6]
6－1(2012·浙江高考)I made a promise to myself ________
this year, my first year in high school, would be different.
A．whether B．what
C．that D．how
解析：选 。考查名词性从句。此处是that引导的同位语从句，用来解释说明a promise的具体内容，从句句意完整，所以用that引导。C6－2(2011·天津高考)Modern science has given clear
evidence ______ smoking can lead to many diseases.
A．what B．which
C．that D．where
解析：选 。考查同位语从句。句意：现代科学有充分的证据表明吸烟会导致多种疾病。结合句意和句子成分可知该句不缺少句子成分，故用that 引导，解释说明evidence 的内容。C2．whether/if引导的名词性从句
(1)在主语从句中，从句置于句首时，必须用whether引导，
若在句首时用形式主语it，而将主语从句放在句末，则有时也可用if，但习惯上多用whether。
It doesn't matter whether/if he will come.
他来不来都没有关系。
Whether Jackie Chan will come to the party is still not known.
成龙是否来参加宴会还不知道呢。[考题印证7]
(2012·天津高考)It doesn't matter ________ you turn right or left at the crossing — both roads lead to the park.
A．whether B．how
C．if D．when
解析：选 。考查名词性从句。句意：在十字路口无论你向左转还是向右转都没关系，两条路都通向公园。句中的It是形式主语，whether引导主语从句。whether ... or ...意为“是……还是……，不管……还是……”。A(2)在宾语从句中，whether和if一般可互换，但在下列情况下whether不可用if代替。
①与or not直接连用时用whether。
No one knows whether or not the shop will be closed.
没人知道商店是否要关闭。
②介词或discuss后的宾语从句用whether，不用if。
Students discussed whether middle school students should smoke.
学生们讨论了中学生应不应该抽烟。
It depends on whether you agree with us.
那要看你是否和我们意见一致。③表语从句用whether不用if，意为“是否”。
The question is whether we can get there.
问题是我们是否能到达那儿。
④同位语从句中，表“是否”讲用whether而不用if。
There is some doubt whether he is the best man for this job.
他是不是担任这项工作的最佳人选，还有点疑问。3．that与whether (if)的用法区别
whether (if)表示“是否”，而that却不表示任何含义。
两者区别原则是：that表示一种肯定、明确的概念，而whether (if)则表示一种不肯定、不明确的概念。
I am sure that he is honest.
我肯定他是诚实的。
We doubt whether (if) he can win the game.
我们怀疑他是否能赢得这场比赛。[考题印证8]
(2010·北京高考)Part of the reason Charles Dickens loved his own novel，David Copperfield，was ________ it was rather closely modeled on his own life.
A．what B．that
C．why D．whether
解析：选 。考查名词性从句。考查句型“The reason ... is that ... ”，that引导表语从句，在从句中不作句子成分。B点击下图进入 专题练习请根据以下所提供的情景，写一篇日记。
8月6日 星期天 晴
上午10点，你在一家商店买东西，这时进来一对美国夫妇。他们要买一件衬衫。由于售货员不懂英语，他们显得很着急。你帮了他们的忙，他们对你很感激。你对自己能与外国人交谈感到很高兴。August 6th, Sunday Fine
①I was doing shopping at ten o'clock this morning when an American couple entered the shop. ②For a while they were telling the shop assistant that they wanted to buy a shirt but the shop assistant couldn't understand what they said.③On seeing that they all seemed to be anxious, I went over and acted as their interpreter.④With my help the couple bought a nice shirt and they thanked me again and again.⑤I was very glad that I had made some progress in my English study, for I can talk with foreign guests in English!第①句：交代时间、地点、人物。
第②～④句：记叙事件过程。
第⑤句：交代事情经历的感受和意义。①句中使用was doing ... when ...句式。
③句中用了on doing结构，表示“一……就……”，其中含that引导的宾语从句。
⑤句中that引导宾语从句，for连接并列句。 英文故事属于记叙文范畴。记叙文是记人叙事的文章，以叙述人物的经历或事物的发展变化过程为主。它主要是用于说明事件的时间、背景、人物、起因、过程及结果，即我们通常所说的五个“W” (what，who，when，where，why)和一个“H”(how)。记叙文的重点在于“述说”和“描写”。
讲述故事，就是要通过完整的情节、生动形象的语言，使读者在享受故事情节的同时，有所感、有所悟。 1．故事的标题。标题应有一定的吸引力和冲击力，要新颖别致，不能太泛，且最好能点明故事的中心。
2．故事的开头。引人入胜的开头才能抓住读者的心。
3．故事的情节。在构思情节时要动脑筋，不能平铺直叙，要有悬念，写出矛盾，写出层次来；要避免过多的对话，一般少用直接引语，多用间接引语。
4．故事的结局。结局要在意料之外，又在情理之中。在故事的结尾要简洁明了，最好有趣，这样可以给读者留下深刻印象。[黄金表达]1．天气：cloudy, foggy, rainy, freezing, wet, sunny, cold
2．地点：mountain, park, river, valley, woods, old house,
bus stop
3．动词(短语)：argue, escape, fall, find, get back, get lost,
recognize, meet, start to do, decide to do
4．形容词：afraid, amazing, excited, exciting, glad, strange,
frightening
5．时间副词和连词：while, when, then, suddenly,
immediately, hardly ... when, no sooner ... than, as soon
as, not until, at first, after, later in the end, just, before 点击下图进入 专题练习课件54张PPT。语篇理解课时跟踪检测Unit 1Section Ⅴ语言点一语言点二语言点三识记掌握理解拓展应用落实识记掌握理解拓展应用落实识记掌握理解拓展应用落实Ⅰ.Choose the best answers according to Shark attacks.
1．Which of the following statements is TRUE about sharks?
A．Among the 400 different types of sharks, only about
40 types attack human beings.
B．The most fierce sharks are the tiger shark and the bull
shark.
C．The shark's attack is the leading cause of people's
death in the sea.
D．The chance of being attacked by sharks is rather small
compared to other dangers.2．Which of the following ways can help you out of the
attacks from sharks?
A．Not swimming in the dark, especially alone at night.
B．The fewer people, the fewer chances to attract
sharks.
C．Colorful or shinning wears.
D．Swimming when you have a fresh wound.3．________ is the way to save you out of a shark attack.
A．To keep still, not to stir or make the shark angry
B．To pull aside the shark's jaws to pull yourself out of
its mouth
C．To hit the shark on the head to drive it away
D．To hit the shark on the nose4．We can conclude from the passage that ________.
A．people's scares to sharks mainly come from the
movie “Jaws”
B．many people die of drowning or lightning
C．knowing the ways sharks attack people and the
ways to save oneself can prevent the attacks totally
D．the attack events from the sharks are the main
topics of the passage
答案：1.D 2.A 3.D 4.BⅡ.Fill in the blanks according to Shark attacks.
There are 400 different types of sharks, but only about 1. types of sharks are known to have 2.
human beings.3. to what many people might 4.
evidence shows that sharks 5. attack humans.There are three types of shark attacks.Two of them more often 6. in the 7. of humans.However, if you 8. the advice, you will be safer: for example, hit the shark 9. the nose with your fist; 10. your finger in the shark's eye.30/thirtyattackedContraryassume,seldomresultdeathfollowstickon(一)为以下单词分别选择合适的英文释义
1．contrary
A．ideas or opinions are different from each other
B．ideas or things are similar
答案：A
2．calm
A．to make someone or something quiet
B．to make someone or something move
答案：A3．panic
A．to put paint on a surface
B．to suddenly become frightened
答案：B
4．likely
A．probably happen or probably true
B．enjoy something or think it is nice
答案：A
5．loose
A．to stop having something
B．not firmly fixed in place
答案：B(二)用所给词的适当形式填空
6．The company 1,000 people nationwide, most
of whom are students seeking after
college.It proves that the company is satisfied with the
.(employ)
7．The beautiful beaches are the island's main
.On arriving there, the young
woman was by its beautiful scenery.(attract)employsemploymentemployeesattractionattractiveattracted1. contrary adj.相反的n.相反的事实或情况
(一)背诵佳句培养语感
(教材原句)Contrary to what many people might assume, evidence shows that sharks seldom attack hu-mans.
与许多人所想的相反，证据表明鲨鱼很少攻击人类。
(鲜活例句)He produced no evidence to the contrary.
他没有拿出相反的证据。(二)归纳拓展全析考点be contrary to 与……相反；违反
on the contrary 正相反；恰恰相反①Such an attitude is of course totally contrary to reason.
这种态度当然是完全违背理智的。
②You think you are clever; I assure that you are very foolish.
你自以为很聪明，相反地，我确信你很傻。on the contrary2．attract vt.吸引
(一)背诵佳句培养语感
(教材原句)Do not wear bright clothing or jewellery, because sharks are attracted to the flash of colours and bright objects.
不要穿鲜亮颜色的衣服或佩戴珠宝，因为鲨鱼会受到鲜亮颜色和亮晶晶物体的吸引。
(鲜活例句)Our university attracts students from other parts of the country as well.
我们学校也吸引了国内其他地方的学生。(二)归纳拓展全析考点(1)attract sb. to sth. 吸引某人关注某事
attract sb.'s attention/attract the attention of sb.
吸引某人的注意
(2)attractive adj. 有吸引力的；诱人的
attraction n. 吸引；吸引力①What do you think attracts people to big cities?
你认为是什么把人吸引到大城市去的？
②I tried to but failed.
我想引起他的注意，但失败了。
③For me, the novel is not that attractive.
就我而言，这本小说不那么有吸引力。attract his attention,3．calm adj.镇静的，沉着的，平静的 vt.&vi. 使平静，
镇静
(一)背诵佳句培养语感
(教材原句)Keep calm.
保持镇静。
(鲜活例句)The storm stopped and the sea was calm again.
暴风雨过后，大海又恢复了平静。(二)归纳拓展全析考点(1)keep/remain calm 保持冷静
(2)calm down (使)平静下来，(使)镇静下来
calm sb./oneself down 使某人/自己平静下来①It is very important to keep calm when the earthquake breaks out.
当地震发生时，保持镇静是很重要的。
②He took a few deep breaths .
他深吸几口气使自己平静下来。to calm himself down(三)明辨易混失误防范
比较 calm, still, quiet, silent用calm, still, quiet和silent填空
③Keep when I am taking a photograph of you.
④When you hear the sad news, please keep .
⑤The whole room went when he walked in.
⑥Everyone was totally as the president spoke.stillcalmquietsilent4．panic vt.&n.惊慌，恐慌
(一)背诵佳句培养语感
(教材原句)Do not panic.
别惊慌失措。
(鲜活例句)When four banks failed in one day, there was a panic among businessmen.
当一天之内有四家银行倒闭的时候，企业人士一片恐慌。(二)归纳拓展全析考点(1)panic sb. into doing sth. 使某人仓促行事
(2)in panic 惊慌中，惊慌失措地
get into a panic 陷入恐慌中
cause a panic 引起恐慌①Shoppers are panicked into buying things they don't need.
购物者因恐慌而抢购一些不需要的东西。
[点津] panic的分词形式均为不规则形式，分别为：panic—panicked—panicked；panic—panicking。
②Knowing to be eaten, the turkey is .
知道自己要被吃掉了，火鸡很惶恐。
③She got into a panic when she thought she'd forgotten the tickets.
她想起忘记带入场券，顿时惊慌起来。in a panic5．likely adj.可能的adv.很可能
(一)背诵佳句培养语感
(鲜活例句)It's likely that he will come here in two days.
他很可能两天后会来这儿。
(鲜活例句)Hurry up, or we will most likely be late.
快点，否则我们很可能会迟到。
[点津] 副词likely前面通常加very, more, most等词。(二)归纳拓展全析考点Sb./Sth. be likely to do sth. 某人/事可能做……
It be likely that ... 可能……①She's very likely to ring me tonight.＝ It's very likely that she'll ring me tonight.
她今晚很可能给我打电话。
② I will accept such an offer.
我可能接受这样的提议。It's likely that(三)明辨易混失误防范
比较 likely, probable, possible用likely, probable和possible填空
③It's reported that it is to rain tonight.
④It's not for them to finish the work ahead of time.
⑤It is_ that they will come to attend the party.likelypossiblepossible/probable/likely6．employ vt.使用；雇佣；利用
(一)背诵佳句培养语感
(教材原句)During both World War Ⅰ and Ⅱ， pigeons were employed by armies to carry messages to and from the front lines, saving the lives of many soldiers and even helping win some important victories.
在一战和二战期间，鸽子都曾被军队利用与前线传递信息，挽救了许多战士的生命，甚至帮助赢得了一些重要的胜利。(鲜活例句)The children should be taught how to employ their spare time properly.
应该教会孩子们怎样合理利用课余时间。
(鲜活例句)The company employs about 3,000 people worldwide.
这家公司在全世界雇佣了大约3 000名员工。(二)归纳拓展全析考点①She was busily employed in preparing dinner for five guests.
她忙着为5位客人做晚餐。
②His brother is in a big restau-rant.
他的哥哥受雇在一家大饭店当服务员。
③It is said that the factory provides employment for many persons.
据说这个工厂为很多人提供就业机会。employed as a waiter点击下图进入 应用落实即时体验1．contrary 与……相反
2．different types 不同类型的
3．mistake ... ... 把……误认为……
4．be fit 适合做
5． the advice 采纳建议
6．result 导致
7．watch 观察等待(某人出现或发生某事)
8．roll 卷起来toofforto do followinforup1．result in 导致，结果是
(一)背诵佳句培养语感
(教材原句)The last two types of attack more often result in the death of humans.
后两种攻击方式对人类来说更可能是致命的。
(鲜活例句)His hard work resulted in excellent grades in his exams.
他的努力使他在考试中取得了优异成绩。(二)归纳拓展全析考点result from 因……发生；由于
as a result of 作为……的结果
as a result 结果①However, pollution and other serious problems have also resulted from human progress.
但是，人类的发展也产生了污染和其他严重的问题。
② the pilots' strike, all flights have had to be cancelled.
由于飞行员罢工，所有航班都被迫取消了。
③Alice overslept this morning.As a result, she was late for work.
艾丽斯今天早上睡过了头，结果上班迟到了。As a result of2．roll up卷起来；到达；(转动把手)关闭
(一)背诵佳句培养语感
(教材原句)He rolls up the paper and puts it into a small case, and then reaches into a cage and gets a bird.
他把纸片卷起来，放进一个小盒子里，然后伸手探入一个笼子，捉出一只鸟来。
(鲜活例句)He rolled up the map and put it on the desk.
他把地图卷起来放在桌子上。
(鲜活例句)Bill finally rolled up two hours late.
比尔最终迟到了两个小时。(二)归纳拓展全析考点roll away 绵延起伏
roll over 从(边上)滚下；(使)翻滚
roll sth. down 摇开，旋开
roll in 大量涌入；滚滚而来①The car hit a lamppost and rolled over twice before coming to a stop.
那辆汽车撞在电灯杆上，翻了两个滚儿才停住。
②Appeals for help were made to the public, and the money came .
呼吁公众提供帮助后，钱源源不断地涌来。rolling in点击下图进入 应用落实即时体验1．[句型展示] Don't be frightened by sharks：you are
be attacked by a shark.
不要惧怕鲨鱼，你被闪电击中的几率都要比遭受鲨鱼攻击的几率大30倍。
[典例背诵]
There is in this river in that one.
这条河的水量是那条河的水量的三倍。30 times more likely to be hit by lightning thanthree times as much wateras2．[句型展示] However， in war they found
their greatest use.
然而，是在战争期间他们发现了它们的最大用途。
[典例背诵]
yesterday they attended a lecture about the environmental protection.
是在昨天他们听了一个关于环保的报告。it wasthatIt wasthat3．[句型展示] it may seem hard to believe, the
bird the officer uses is the same bird often seen in public parks — the pigeon.
尽管似乎很难相信，但这位军官所用的鸟就是我们在公园里经常见到的——鸽子。
[典例背诵]
Though he is a child, he knows a lot of Chinese characters.
尽管是个小孩，他却认识许多汉字。Though1．Don't be frightened by sharks: you are 30 times more
likely to be hit by lightning than be attacked by a shark.
不要惧怕鲨鱼，因为人类被闪电击中的几率是被鲨鱼攻击的几率的30倍。
句中30 times more likely to be hit by lightning than是倍数表达法的具体运用。常见的倍数表达方式有：(1)倍数＋形容词/副词的比较级＋than
①The Yangtze River is almost twice longer than the
Pearl River.
长江差不多比珠江长两倍。
(2)倍数＋as＋形容词/副词的原级＋as
②His apartment is three times as large as mine.
他的公寓是我的公寓的三倍大。
(3)倍数＋the size/height/weight/length/width ...＋of
③This river is three times the depth of that one.
这条河是那条河的三倍深。(4)倍数＋more＋名词＋than
④There are twice more students in our class than in
theirs.
我们班学生的人数是他们班的两倍。
(5)倍数＋as many/much＋名词＋as
⑤He has got as his sister.
他拥有的书的数量是他妹妹的三倍。three times as many books2．However, it_was in war that they found their greatest use.
然而，是在战争期间他们发现了它们的最大用途。
本句中it was ... that是一个强调句式，它可用来强调句子
的主语、宾语或状语。
(1)强调句的肯定句式：
It is/was＋被强调部分＋that/who＋句子其余部分。
①It was Jane who paid for the meal yesterday.(强调主语)
昨天的饭钱是简付的。
② in the hall they have had a meeting.(强调地点状
语)他们是在礼堂举行了一次会议。It isthat(2)强调句的一般疑问句：
Is/Was it＋被强调部分＋that＋句子其余部分？
③Is it tomorrow that we will have a meeting?
我们明天开会吗？
(3)强调句的特殊疑问句：
疑问词＋is/was＋it＋that＋句子其余部分？
④ made him so angry?
到底是什么事使他这么生气？What was it that(4)若强调“not ... until”结构中由until所引导的时间状语时，
要用固定的强调句型：
It is/was＋not until ...＋that ...
⑤ he took off his dark glasses I
realized he was a famous film star.
直到他摘下墨镜我才认出他是著名的影星。
[点津] 判定强调句型的方法：将强调句型中的it is/was和that去掉后，剩余的部分仍然是一个完整的有意义的句子。It was not untilthat点击下图进入 应用落实即时体验点击下图进入 课时跟踪检测课件23张PPT。Unit 2Section ⅠStep 1Step 2Step 3Step 4Step 51．What's the importance of understanding body language?
2．Do you like using body language when you communicate
with other people? In today's society when every
Skill matters, knowing how to read
body language is a must. During a
job interview or in a sales meet-ing,
at home or in the school,
Understanding body language
can greatly improve your com-munication with others while helping you to succeed in life. Body language is any non-verbal communi-cation that people use to communicate with other people. How you stand and how you use your smile and your eyes, all directly influence what other people think of you. When you walkinto a room, you naturally give an impres-sion to everyone in that room exactly who and what you are. It may not be the im-pression that you want them to have of you but it is too late. Before you say a word, the person with whom you are try-ing to communicate may already know whether you are confident or shy, truthful or lying. How is that possible? It is all in your body language. The message that a person sends out is often very different from the message that is spoken. It is to your advantage to learn how to understand body language effectively. It is impor-tant that you are able to understand the messages that you are receiving from others correctly. It is even more impor-tant to understand the messages that you are sending. All in all, to be successful you need to know how to move and act and how to read other people. It may not always win an argument or close a deal, but it will help you a lot whenever you communicate with other people. Be-coming skillful at reading and using body language will give you a great ad-vantage in any situation.Ⅰ.Do you recognize all the languages below?
1．新年快乐！
2．Happy New Year!
3．Bonne Année!
4．Glückliches Neues Jahr!
5．あけましておめでとうございます！ ChineseEnglishFrenchGermanJapaneseⅡ.Match the following pictures with the meaning of the
sign language.A．Call me！ B．Thumbs down！ C．Applause!
D．Victory/Win！ E．Thumbs up！ F．OK!
答案：1.E 2.B 3.D 4.F 5.A 6.CⅢ.Guess the mood from the facial expressions.答案：1.confused 2.sad 3.tired 4.angry 5.happyScan the text and choose the best answers.
1．What is the main reason for English's development?
A．The borrowing from other languages.
B．The mixing of different languages from different
coun-tries.
C．The invasions.
D．All of the above.2．Old English consists of different languages used by
dif-ferent people.Which of the following is NOT
mentioned in the text?
A．The Angles and the Saxons. B．The Vikings.
C．French. D．Celtic.
3．Which language had an important effect on the
English language during Middle English period?
A．German. B．French.
C．Latin. D．Greek.4．Which of the following is TRUE about the history of
English?
A．The language used before the middle of the 5th
centu-ry is called Old English.
B．Middle English started from about the 12th
century and ended in the 15th century.
C．Only the English we are using today is Modern
Eng-lish.
D．The process of English's development will not
contin-ue any more.5．Which of the following terms come from French?
A．Beef, sheep and bacon.
B．Feet, children and shoe.
C．Pig, mutton and tooth.
D．Beef, pork and bacon.
答案：1.D 2.C 3.B 4.B 5.DⅠ.Read the text carefully and answer the following questions.
1．What is the article about?
答案：
2．What happened in the 10th century?
答案： English and its history.Old English was the official language of England.3．Why ox, cow, sheep and pig come from Old English?
Why beef, mutton, pork and bacon come from French?
答案：
English people raised animals and cooked forNormanswhile Normans just knew to eat the meat ofanimals.Ⅱ.Read the text again and fill in the form below.Celtic9thmovedofficial14th16thcon-queredEnglishofficialModernFill in the blanks according to the text.
English is now widely used 1. the world. The English language is made up of grammar and 2.
because people from different countries and cultures have lived together. Its development 3.
three stages: Old English, Middle English and Modern English.throughoutvocab-ularycontains/includes In the fifth century, two Germanic groups occupied Britain. Old English consisted of a 4. of their lan-guages. Unlike Old English, Middle English can be read, although with difficulty, by modern English-speaking peo-ple. Many factors 5. to the development of Middle English. In 1066, the Normans took 6. of England, however, which did not have the same result that the Germanicmixturecontributedcontrolinvasion had had about 600 years earlier.But French still had an 7. on the English language. This 8. in even more pairs of similar words. Modern English 9. many Latin and Greek words. As we all know, English will continue changing in the future. It is certain that the changing 10.
will continue and peo-ple will keep inventing new words and new ways of saying things.impactresultedincludesprocess With the advanced technology today, people tend to use the Internet more than before. Someone even believes that one day the communication through the Internet will replace all the traditional communicative means. Do you think so？Why or why not?
参考答案：I don't think so. Althoughthecommunication through the Internet has become more and more popular, it is still a virtual world. After all, many things happen in the real world.课件61张PPT。课时跟踪检测Unit 2Section Ⅱ语言点一语言点二语言点三识记掌握理解拓展应用落实识记掌握理解拓展应用落实识记掌握理解拓展应用落实(一)根据所给词性和汉语意思写出单词
1． n． 词汇
2． vt. 占领，占用(时间、空间等)
3． vi. 组成，构成
4． vt. 击败，战胜
5． vt. 养育，培养；举起；
增加，提高；筹募；提及vocabularyoccupyconsistdefeatraise6． adv. 因此，所以
7． n. 过程；进程
8． n. 区别，差别
9． n. 口音，腔调；着重点
10． vt. 替换，代替，取代thereforeprocessdistinctionaccentreplace(二)用所给词的适当形式填空
11．An important (office) will visit our school.
12．I'm not (entire) satisfied with what you said.
13．The talk was conducted in a (mix) of English，
Russian and French.officialentirelymixture14．Failure is unpleasant，but it can make a
(contribute) to your life once you learn from it.
15．My English teacher found many (spell)
mis-takes in my English composition，so I felt very
embar-rassed.
16．The (serve) is very busy every day and she
should make all things ready before the master goes
home.contributionspellingservant1．occupy vt.占领；占用(时间、空间等)；居住；使忙碌
(一)背诵佳句培养语感
(教材原句)Then two Germanic groups from the European mainland — the Angles and the Saxons — occupied Britain.
然后，来自欧洲大陆的两个日耳曼部族——盎格鲁人和撒克逊人——占领了不列颠。(鲜活例句)The bed is so big that it occupies most of the room.
这张床太大了，占去了房间的大部分空间。
(鲜活例句)The building was sold last year and is occu-pied by its new owners now.
这栋楼去年被卖了，现在住的是它的新主人。(二)归纳拓展全析考点①He occupied himself with various research projects.
他终日从事各种研究计划。
② building new houses, the workers have no time to go home.
工人们正在忙着盖新房子，没有时间回家。Occupied in /Occupying themselves in 2. contribution n．贡献，促成因素；捐赠
(一)背诵佳句培养语感
(教材原句)The most important contribution was from the Normans, a French-speaking people who defeated England and took control of the country in 1066.
最大的贡献来自讲法语的诺曼人，他们在1066年击败了英格兰并控制了这个国家。(鲜活例句)These measures made a valuable contribu-tion towards reducing traffic accidents.
这些措施对减少交通事故起了重要的作用。
(鲜活例句)I admire Edison a lot because of his great contribution to the world.
我敬佩爱迪生，因为他对世界作出了巨大贡献。(二)归纳拓展全析考点(1)make a contribution to/towards sth.
为……作出贡献，为……捐款
(2)contribute vi. & vt.
贡献(时间、精力)；捐助；投稿
contribute sth. to/towards ... 给……捐款
contribute (sth.) to ... 向……投稿
contribute to ... 是……的原因之一；有助于；导致①Everyone should make a contribution to protecting the environment.
每个人都应当为保护环境做贡献。
②Good food and enough sleep good health.
良好的食物和充足的睡眠有助于健康。contribute to 3．defeat vt.击败，战胜 n．击败，失败
(一)背诵佳句培养语感
(鲜活例句)They couldn't defeat us because we were full of fight on the field.
我们在赛场上斗志昂扬，他们不可能打败我们。
(鲜活例句)They never admitted defeat in the face of difficulties.
在困难面前他们从未低头。(二)明辨易混失误防范
比较 defeat, beat, win用defeat, beat和win填空
①We their team by 10 points.
②Mary the first prize in the competition.
③The enemy was in a decisive battle.beat/defeatedwondefeated4．replace vt.替换，代替，取代；把……放回原处
(一)背诵佳句培养语感
(教材原句)However，the Norman conquest did not affect English as much as the Angles and the Saxons' vic-tory about 600 years earlier, which led to Old English replacing Celtic.
然而，诺曼征服对英语的影响并不及约600年前盎格鲁人和撒克逊人的胜利对英语的影响，那场胜利导致古英语替代了凯尔特语。(鲜活例句)He will be difficult to replace when he leaves.
他离开后，他的位置很难有人接替。
(鲜活例句)You should replace the book in its place after reading it.
读完后，你应该把书放回原处。(二)归纳拓展全析考点①Jim broke Tom's cup and had to replace it with a new one.
吉姆打破了汤姆的茶杯，得给他换个新的。
②He has taken the place Mr. Black as president.
他取代布莱克先生当了董事长。of5．raise vt.养育，培养；饲养；举起；增加，提高；筹
募；提及
(一)背诵佳句培养语感
(教材原句)Therefore, the words we use for most ani-mals raised for food, such as cow, sheep and pig, come from Old English.
因此，我们使用的作为食物类饲养的大部分动物的单词例如：牛、羊和猪等，都来自古英语。(1)vt.饲养；养育，培养
①Parents have the duty to raise their children.
父母有义务养育子女。
(2)vt.举起；抬起
②I suggest you raise a glass and drink to good friends and
good times.
我建议大家举起杯来为了挚友和良辰喝一杯。
(3)vt.提高，增加
③We will send more teachers to study overseas in order to
raise the city's education level.
为提高全市的教育水平，我们将派更多的老师到国外学习。 (4)vt.筹集，筹募
④The students in our school raised a lot of money
for the old in hospital.
我们学校的学生为生病住院的老人们筹集了很多款。
(5)vt.提及，提出
⑤A number of opinions were raised at the meeting.
会上提出了许多意见。 (二)明辨易混失误防范
比较 raise, rise用raise和rise填空
⑥The level of our scientific research has been .
⑦The population of the city has to five million.raisedrisen点击下图进入 应用落实即时体验1．be made of/consist 由……组成，由……构成
2．name 以……命名
3．aside 除……之外
4．make contributions 对……做出贡献
5．take control 控制，取得对……的控制upofafterfromtoof6．lead 导致
7．replace ... ... 用……替代……
8． tongue 母语，本国语
9．go 经历
10．keep 持续towithmotherthroughon1．be made up of由……组成(构成)
(一)背诵佳句培养语感
(教材原句)The English language is made up of the gram-mar and vocabulary these people brought to Britain.
英语是由进入不列颠的各组人群所说语言的规则和词汇构成的。
(鲜活例句)The committee is made up of representatives from every state.
委员会由来自每个州的代表组成。(二)归纳拓展全析考点make up 构成，占；化妆，打扮；编造，虚构
make up for 弥补，补偿①Thirty boys and twenty girls make up our class.
＝ Our class is made up of thirty boys and twenty girls.
我们班有30名男生和20名女生。
②The workers and peasants make up the majority of the population of our country.
工人和农民占了我国人口的大部分。
③That one weekend all the disappoint-ments I'd had.
那一个周末补偿了我曾有过的一切失望。made up for2．consist of由……组成(构成)
(一)背诵佳句培养语感
(教材原句)Old English consisted of a mixture of their languages.
古英语是由他们语言的混合体组成的。
(鲜活例句)The dinner consisted of chicken, salad, veg-etables, cakes and drinks.
晚餐有鸡肉、沙拉、蔬菜、蛋糕和饮料。(鲜活例句)He is reading a book consisting of many chapters.
他正在读一本由许多章节组成的书。
[点津] consist of与be made up of同义，但consist of不用于被动语态，也不用于进行时。(二)归纳拓展全析考点consist in 在于，存在于The excellence of the novel its ending.
这本小说的精彩之处就在于它的结局。consists in3．name after ...以……命名
(一)背诵佳句培养语感
(教材原句)Both the English language and the English people are named after the Angles; the word Angle was spelt Engle in Old English.
英语和英国人都以盎格鲁人命名；在古英语中单词Angle 拼写成Engle。
(鲜活例句)The street was named after a great writer.
这条街是以一位伟大的作家而命名的。(二)归纳拓展全析考点name...as 提名为；任命为
in the name of 以……名义；代表
by name 凭名字；用……的名字
by the name of 名叫①He has been named as the new chairman.
他被任命为新董事长。
②We reserved two tickets Brown.
我们用布朗的名字订了两张票。
③A person by the name of Tom wants to see you.
一个叫汤姆的人想见你。in the name of4．aside from (＝ apart from) 除……之外(还有)
(一)背诵佳句培养语感
(教材原句)Aside from place names such as London, very few Celtic words became part of Old English.
除了像“伦敦”一样的地名之外，很少有几个凯尔特语词汇成为古英语的一部分。(鲜活例句)Aside from his small savings, he has no re-sources to fall back on.
除了极少量的积蓄外，他没有可以依赖的财源。
(鲜活例句)Aside/Apart from being fun and good exer-cise, swimming is a very useful skill.
游泳很有趣，是项很好的运动，而且还是个很有用的技能。(二)明辨易混失误防范
比较 aside/apart from, besides, except, except for用aside/apart from, besides, except和except for填空
① the injuries to his face and hands, he broke both legs.
他除了脸部和双手受伤以外，两条腿也断了。
②The roads were empty a few cars.
除了几辆小汽车之外，马路上空荡荡的。
③I know nothing about it what he told me.
除了他告诉我的情况外，我对此事一无所知。Aside/Apart from/Besidesexcept for/aside (apart) from except5．take control of控制，取得对……的控制
(一)背诵佳句培养语感
(鲜活例句)You have to make sure that you won't let your bad emotions take control of you!
你得保证你不会被自己的坏情绪控制！
(鲜活例句)Surely she would take control of the situa-tion; after all, she was a professional.
她肯定会控制住局面，毕竟她是个行家。(二)归纳拓展全析考点lose control of 失去对……的控制
beyond control 无法控制
in control (of sth.) 掌管，控制
in/under the control of 在……的控制之下
out of control 无法管理，失去控制
under control 被控制住
bring/get/keep sth. under control 把……控制住①It is reported that the firemen have been in control of the big fire.
据报道消防员已把大火控制住了。
②Don't worry; we have everything .
别担心，一切都在我们的掌控之中。
③The big earthquake in Japan shows that we can't get the nature under control.
日本大地震表明我们不能控制自然。under control6．lead to导致，通向
(一)背诵佳句培养语感
(鲜活例句)Sometimes emotional problems might lead to serious results.
有时候情绪问题会导致严重的后果。
(鲜活例句)All the roads leading to the city were blocked because of the heavy snow.
由于大雪，通往该市的道路都阻塞了。
[点津] lead to中的to是介词，表示“导致”时，近义词(组)有：result in, bring about, cause。(二)归纳拓展全析考点lead sb. to do sth. 导致某人做某事
lead the way 处于首位，领先①Do you know what led him to resign his office?
你知道是什么事导致他辞职的吗？
②We in space technology.
我们在航天技术方面处于领先地位。lead the way点击下图进入 应用落实即时体验1. [句型展示] That_is_why English has so many difficult
rules that confuse people.
这就是为什么英语有许多困惑的规则的原因。
[典例背诵]
There was a lot of work to do. That is why I did not go to the cinema that day.
我有很多工作要做，那就是我那天没去看电影的原因。2．[句型展示] Even_though the Normans spoke French
for the entire 250 years they ruled England, French did not replace English as the first language.
尽管诺曼人在统治英格兰的整整250年间一直讲法语，但是法语并没有取代英语成为第一语言。
[典例背诵]
Even though he knew the truth, he did not say anything about it.
尽管他知道真相，但他对此什么也没说。3．[句型展示] After the Norman Conquest, high-class
people spoke French while common people spoke Eng-lish.
诺曼征服后，上层阶级说法语，而普通百姓则说英语。
[典例背诵]
You like sports while I'd rather read.
你喜欢体育，而我却喜欢读书。4．[句型展示] However, by the latter half of the 14th
century, English had_come_into widespread use among all classes in England.
然而，到14世纪后半叶，英语开始在英国各阶层得到广泛使用。
[典例背诵]
I had finished reading the novel by nine o'clock last night.
到昨天晚上九点钟，我已经读完这本小说了。1．That_is_why English has so many difficult rules that
confuse people.
这就是为什么英语有许多困惑的规则的原因。
(1)That is why ...“那是……的原因”，此句型中why引导表
语从句，且在从句中充当状语。that在此为指示代词，
指代前面提到的事情。
①She has a stomachache, that is why she ate so little.
她胃疼，所以只吃了一点儿东西。(2)That is why ...与That is the reason why ...在意义上相同，
但在结构上不同，前者中的why引导表语从句，后者中的
why引导定语从句。
②That is the reason why you should leave.
那就是你应该离开的原因。
(3)That is because ...“那是因为……”，此结构中，because引
导的表语从句表示原因。
③Jack was late for class today. he got up
late this morning.
杰克今天上学迟到了，那是因为他今天早晨起床晚了。That is because2．After the Norman Conquest, high-class people spoke
French while common people spoke English.
诺曼征服后，上层阶级说法语，而普通百姓则说英语。
(1)while在句中意为“而，然而”，表示对比。
①I drink black coffee while he prefers it with cream.
我爱喝黑咖啡而他喜欢加奶油。(2)while意为“当……的时候；和……同时；在……期间”
时，引导时间状语从句。
②Don't message me while I'm working.
我工作时别给我发短信。
(3)while意为“虽然；尽管”时，引导让步状语从句。
③While I accept that he is not perfect, I do actually like
the person.
虽然我承认他并不完美，但我确实喜欢这个人。[点津] (1)while强调“在……过程中，在……期间”，其后从句的谓语应为延续性动词或表示状态的词语；when不强调动作是否延续，所以其后从句的谓语动词没有是否延续的限制。
(2)while引导让步状语从句时，从句往往置于主句之前。
④ he loves his students, he is very strict with them.
尽管他爱他的学生，但他对他们要求很严格。While点击下图进入 应用落实即时体验点击下图进入 课时跟踪检测课件61张PPT。课时跟踪检测Unit 2Section Ⅲ语言点一语言点二语言点三识记掌握理解拓展应用落实识记掌握理解拓展应用落实识记掌握理解拓展应用落实(一)根据首字母提示及英文释义写出单词
1． (n.) something that worries you
2． (v.) to say that something must not be done, seen,
used etc.
3． (adj.) not mixed with anything else
4． (adj.) being the only one of its kind
5． (n.) an accepted way of behaving or of doing
things in a society or a community
6． (n.) a way of entering or reaching a placeconcernbanpureuniquecustomaccess(二)根据所给词性和汉语意思写出单词
7． n． (书写或印刷)文字，符
号；人物；性格
8． adj. 温柔的，平和的
9． vi.& vt. 插嘴，打断，暂停
10． adj.错误的；误解的→ vt.误会；误解
11． vt.使尴尬，使难堪→ adj.尴尬
的，陷入困境的→ adj.令人尴尬的
→ n．窘迫，尴尬
12． n．结论，推论→ v．推论，推断charactergentleinterruptmistakenmistakeembarrassembarrassedembarrassingembarrassmentconclusionconclude1．concern n．关心；忧虑，担心vt.涉及；使担忧；对……
感兴趣
(一)背诵佳句培养语感
(教材原句)King Henry Ⅶ was a poet who showed great concern for language.
国王亨利七世是一位非常关注语言的诗人。
(鲜活例句)Kate's behaviour at school is starting to con-cern her parents.
凯特在学校的表现开始使她的父母担心起来。(二)归纳拓展全析考点 (1)feel/show concern about/for/over ...
对……表示关心/担心
(2)concern oneself about ... 担心……
(3)concerned adj. 关注的，关切的；担心的；涉及的
be concerned about/for 担心……
be concerned with/in 涉及/有关……
as far as ... is concerned 就……而言
(4)concerning prep. 有关，关于①Some people don't show much concern for our envi-ronment.
有些人不太关心我们的环境。
②She is always concerning herself about other people's business.
她总是担心别人的事情。③Police said they the boy's safety.
警察说他们很担心那男孩的安全。
④Everyone who was directly concerned in the incident has now resigned.
所有与该事件有直接牵连的人现在均已辞职。were very concerned about2．ban vt.& n．禁止；取缔
(一)背诵佳句培养语感
(教材原句)At one time the department banned some‘borrowed words’ from English, including ‘weekend’ and ‘e-mail’．
政府曾经禁用一些英语外来词，包括weekend和e-mail.
(鲜活例句)There is a ban on smoking in theatres.
剧院里禁止吸烟。(二)归纳拓展全析考点 ban sb. from (doing) sth. 禁止某人做某事(或去某
处等)
a ban on (doing) sth. 禁止……①He was banned from driving for a year because of drunk driving.
他由于醉驾被禁止开车一年。
②The police lifted the ban in this street.
警方解除了这条街上不准停车的禁令。on parking3．access vt.进入；使用n.通道；(使用的)机会，权利
(一)背诵佳句培养语感
(教材原句)Today, the spread of ‘borrowed words’ is mostly due to the easily accessed Internet and television programmes from across the world.
今天，“借词”的传播是由于很容易接触到的来自世界各地的互联网和电视节目。(鲜活例句)You can access the information anywhere if you have a computer.
只要有一台电脑，你在任何地方都可以获得信息。
(鲜活例句)The access to success is to make good use of the access to education.
通向成功的方法是好好利用受教育的机会。(二)归纳拓展全析考点(1)gain/obtain/get/have access to ...
得以接近/进入/使用……
give access to ... 使能接近……
(2)accessible adj. 可接近的；可进入的；可使用的；
容易理解的
be accessible to sb. 易被某人所接近/使用/进入①Students may have free access to the library.
学生们可以免费使用这个图书馆。
②Books should be put where they will be easily accessible.
书应放在容易取阅的地方。
③We have made a programme making more
young people.
我们已制订了一项使科学更容易为年轻人所了解的计划。accessible to4．character n．(书写或印刷)文字，符号；人物；性格，
品质
(一)背诵佳句培养语感
(教材原句)They have no letters or characters.
它们没有字母和文字。
(鲜活例句)Who is the main character in the play?
这出戏中的主要人物是谁？
(鲜活例句)The twins look alike but have very different characters.
这对双胞胎长得很像，但性格很不同。(二)归纳拓展全析考点in character 适合；相称
out of character 不符合某人的性格；不适合，不
相称
build (up) character 磨练个性①Liquids are different in character from both solids and gases.
液体的特性与固体和气体均不相同。
②Her behaviour last night was completely
.
她昨晚的举止与她的性格截然相反。
③Father let his son join the army to build up character.
父亲让儿子参军目的是磨练儿子的性格。out of char-acter5．embarrass vt.使尴尬，使难堪
(一)背诵佳句培养语感
(教材原句)She is making fun of you and trying to em-barrass you into trying harder.
她在取笑你并尽力让你知耻而后勇。
(鲜活例句)It embarrassed her to meet strange men in the corridor at night.
夜里在走廊上遇见陌生男人使她感到很不好意思。(二)归纳拓展全析考点(1)embarrass sb. with sth.
因……使某人尴尬
(2)embarrassed adj. 窘迫的；尴尬的，不好意思的
be embarrassed about/at 对……感到尴尬
embarrassing adj. 令人窘迫的，使人难堪的
(3)embarrassment n. 困窘，尴尬①Don't embarrass them with personal questions.
不要问隐私问题让他们尴尬。
②She was embarrassed when they kept telling her how clever she was.
当他们不停地说她非常聪明时，她很不好意思。
③We shouldn't our weight.
我们不应该为自己的体重感到难为情。
(语境串记)Some women are too embarrassed to consult their doctors about the embarrassing question.
有些妇女太害羞，不愿就这个令人害羞的问题咨询医生。be embarrassed about6．conclusion n．结论；推论；结尾，结束
(一)背诵佳句培养语感
(教材原句)In conclusion, we need to know the customs of a country so that we do not make others embarrassed or annoyed.
总而言之，我们需要了解一个国家的风俗习惯，这样我们就不会让别人感到尴尬或恼火。(鲜活例句)We reached the conclusion that the room must have been empty at that moment.
我们得出的结论是，那个房间那时一定是空的。
(鲜活例句)Some found the conclusion of the film Titanic very disappointing.
有些人觉得电影《泰坦尼克号》的结尾是令人失望的。(二)归纳拓展全析考点(1)in conclusion 最后，总之，综上所述
come to/arrive at/reach/draw a conclusion
得出结论
(2)conclude v. 推论，推断出；终止，结束
conclude ... from 从……中得出结论
conclude (...) with 以(……)结束……①I've come to the conclusion that he is the right person for the job.
我断定他是做这项工作的最合适人选。
②I will say, that it is a great honor to be the speaker at this meeting.
最后，我要说的是我很荣幸在这次会议上讲话。
③I don't know what you can conclude from that.
我不知道你从那件事中能得出什么结论。in conclusion,7．interrupt vi.& vt.插嘴，打断，暂停，使中断
(一)背诵佳句培养语感
(教材原句)Saying ‘sorry’ if we interrupt or disagree with someone also helps us to be polite.
如果我们打断或不同意某人的意见时说“对不起”也有助于使我们看起来有礼貌。
(鲜活例句)The war interrupted the trade between the two countries.
战争使两国间的贸易中断了。(二)归纳拓展全析考点(1)interrupt sb./sth. (with sth.) (以……)打断某人
(2)interruption n. 打扰，插嘴
without interruption 连续的，不断的①I don't want to interrupt you with it. Go on with your story.
我不想因此事而打断你。请把你的故事讲下去。
②Numerous interruptions have prevented me from finishing the work.
由于频频被打断，我未能完成这项工作。(三)明辨易混失误防范
比较 interrupt，disturb用interrupt和disturb填空
③She opened the door quietly so as not to our work.
④Sorry to but there's someone to see you.disturbinterrupt,点击下图进入 应用落实即时体验1．look up 尊敬，尊重
2．look forward 盼望
3．take... consideration 把……考虑在内
4．look 抬头看；(在字典 或参考书中)查找
5．at time 曾经
6．due 由于
7．be up 由……负责totointouponetoto8．concentrate 集中注意力于
9．make fun 取笑
10．hold 举起，延误
11． conclusion 最后
12． a word 总之，一句话
13．leave 遗漏；不考虑，忽视
14．ought 应当，应该onofupininoutto1．look forward to 期望，盼望
(一)背诵佳句培养语感
(鲜活例句)Thank you for your support! We look for-ward to your suggestions!
谢谢你们的支持，希望大家能继续提出好建议！
(鲜活例句)We're so much looking forward to seeing you again.
我们非常渴望再见到你。(二)归纳拓展全析考点look forward to中，to为介词，后接名词、代词或动名词
作宾语。常用的类似短语还有：
pay attention to 注意……
get down to 着手做……
stick to 坚持
devote ... to 献身于……
be/get used to 习惯于①The government has come to pay attention to protec-ting the environmental problem.
政府已开始关注环境保护问题。
②My grandma has been used to .
我的奶奶已习惯了住在城市里。living in the city2．due to 因为，由于，应归功于，应归咎于
(一)背诵佳句培养语感
(鲜活例句)Her failure in the speech contest was due to her nervousness.
由于紧张，她在演讲比赛中失败了。
(鲜活例句)Mistakes due to carelessness may have seri-ous consequences.
由于粗心犯的错误也许会产生严重后果。(二)明辨易混失误防范
比较 due to, because of, owing to, thanks to用due to, because of, owing to和thanks to填空
① your advice, much trouble was saved.
②Many beautiful fish are disappearing
the severe pollution.Thanks tobecause of/due to/owing to3．leave out遗漏，删去；不考虑，忽视；不包括，不提及
(一)背诵佳句培养语感
(教材原句)We cannot leave out the question words in noun clauses.
在名词性从句中，我们不能漏掉疑问词。
(鲜活例句)You made a mistake — you had left out a letter “m”．
你出错了——你漏掉了一个字母“m”。
(鲜活例句)The boy feels left out because the other chil-dren don't play with him.
这男孩觉得受到了冷落，因为其他孩子都不和他玩。(二)归纳拓展全析考点leave for ... 动身去……
leave aside 不予考虑，搁置一边
leave ...behind 把……抛在后面，超过
leave off 停止(做某事)，中断
leave alone 不管；不理；不干涉①I wish the rain would leave off for five minutes.
我希望雨能停五分钟。
② the question of expense, what's your opinion?
暂不考虑费用问题，你的意见如何？Leaving aside4．ought to 应该，应当
(教材原句)We also ought to show due respect to people older than us.
我们也应当向比我们年龄大的人表现出恰当的敬意。
①He left two hours ago so he ought to be there by now.
他是两小时前动身的，现在该到那里了。(1)ought的否定形式是直接加not构成，一般疑问句将
ought提到句首。
②They ought not to/oughtn't to do that sort of thing.
他们不该做那种事。
③Ought we to start off at once?
我们应该马上出发吗？(2)ought to表示对现在或将来某种可能性的推测，这种推测
暗含很大的可能性。
④Henry ought to be here soon.He left home at six.
亨利应当很快就到，他六点就从家里出来了。
(3)ought to后接动词不定式完成式，表示对过去存在的某种
可能性的推测，或指过去该做而未做的事情，意思是“早应该，本应该”。若是否定句，则表示发生了不该发生的事。
⑤I'm sorry.I ought to to tell you I was coming.
对不起，我本应该先给你打个电话告诉你我要来。have phoned点击下图进入 应用落实即时体验1．[句型展示] There are many situations in everyday life
where informal English is allowed, even preferred, for example, while playing sports or meeting friends at a party.
在日常生活中有许多场合可以使用非正式英语，非正式英语甚至更受欢迎，比如，在进行体育运动或朋友聚会时。
[典例背诵]
I have reached a point in my life where I am supposed to make decisions of my own.
在生活中，我已达到了自己做决定的地步了。2．[句型展示] When you are late for a small meeting,
there_is_no_need to say ‘sorry’．
当你开小会迟到时，你没有必要说抱歉。
[典例背诵]
There's no need for you to come if you don't want to.
如果你不想来，就不必来了。3．[句型展示] It_seems_that if people learn something
about other cultures before they visit a new country, they will be less likely to upset others or be misunderstood.
看起来好像人们如果在参观一个新国家之前学习一些关于其他文化的知识，他们就几乎没有可能使别人恼火或不被人理解。
[典例背诵]
It seems to me that you don't have much choice.
在我看来你好像没有多少选择的余地。1．There are many situations in everyday life where
in-formal English is allowed or even preferred, for ex-ample, while playing sports or meeting friends at a party.
在日常生活中有许多场合可以使用非正式英语，非正式英语甚至更受欢迎，比如，在进行体育运动或朋友聚会时。句中where引导定语从句，先行词situations和定语从句被in everyday life隔开了。where引导定语从句时，其先行词常为表示地点的名词，但在某些情况下，先行词也可以是某些抽象名词，如situation(处境)，case(情况)，point(地步)，stage(阶段)等。①You could get into a situation where you have to decide immediately.
你可能遇上一种情况，使你不得不立刻作出决定。
②Until today the people in the country have reached a stage
we have almost no right at all.
一直到今天，这个国家的人们还处在几乎什么权利都没有的阶段。
③Can you think of a case where this idiom can be used?
你能想出一个用这个成语的实例吗？where2．When you are late for a small meeting, there_is_no_need
to say ‘sorry’．
当你开小会迟到时，没有必要说“抱歉”。
句中there is no need to do sth.表示“没有必要做某事”。
①There is no need to worry just because he's late.
没有必要仅仅因为他来晚而担心。
②He has known the news, so there is no need to tell him.
他已经知道了这个消息，所以没有必要告诉他了。“there be＋no＋名词”构成的常见句型：
There is no difficulty in doing sth. 做某事没有困难
There is no point (in) doing sth. 做某事没有意义
There is no hurry to do sth. 不用急于做某事
There is no possibility to do/that ...
……是不可能的
There is no doubt that ... ……是毫无疑问的
(注：“there be＋no＋名词”中的there不可用it代替。)③You can give me the money back next month. There's no great hurry.
你可以下个月还钱给我，不用急。
④ that he might go back to Seattle.
他不可能回到西雅图。There's no possibility3．It_seems_that if people learn something about other
cultures before they visit a new country, they will be less likely to upset others or be misunderstood.
看起来好像人们如果在参观一个新国家之前学习一些关于其他文化的知识，他们就几乎没有可能使别人恼火或不被人理解。
句中It seems that ...意为“看起来……，似乎……”，其中it作形式主语，that引导的从句是真正的主语，在that从句中又含有if引导的条件状语从句，条件状语从句中又含有before引导的时间状语从句。①It seems that no one knows what has happened in the park.
似乎没有人知道在公园里发生了什么事。
[点津] “It seems that ...”可以与“sth./sb.seems to do sth.”进行句型转换。
②It seemed that he had known the truth.
＝ He seemed the truth.
似乎他已知道事情的真相。to have knownIt seems/seemed＋adj.＋to do sth. 做某事似乎……
It seems/seemed as if/as though ... 看起来好像……
There seems/seemed＋to be ...
似乎有……，看来有……③It seems as if he knows everything.
他似乎是个万事通。
④There seemed to be a figure in the dark.
黑暗中似乎有一个人影。点击下图进入 应用落实即时体验点击下图进入 课时跟踪检测课件46张PPT。Unit 2Section Ⅳ语法讲座写作讲座知识必备专题练习佳作观摩技法指导专题练习一、连接代词、连接副词引导的名词性从句
1．由what, which, who/whom, whose等连接代词和when,
where, why, how等连接副词引导的名词性从句在句子中
可以充当主语、宾语、表语或同位语(1)主语从句
What surprised us was her ignorance.
使我们吃惊的是她的无知。
Where we will go hasn't been decided.
我们要去哪儿还没有定下来。
When she will come is still unknown.
她何时来还不知道。[考题印证1]
(2010·北京高考)________ some people regard as a drawback is seen as a plus by many others.
A．Whether B．What
C．That D．How
解析：选 。考查名词性从句。句意：一些人认为不利(足)的(东西)，其他人认为是有利(益)的。drawback“不利，缺点”；plus“附加的优点、益处”。what引导主语从句，又在从句中充当宾语。B(2)宾语从句
The school was built on what used to be a wasteland.
这所学校是在以前的荒地上建造的。
Now we don't know how the pyramids were built.
现在我们不知道金字塔是如何建造的。
Please tell me whose book it is.
请告诉我这是谁的书。[考题印证2]
2－1(2012·四川高考)Scientists study ________ human
brains work to make computers.
A．when B．how
C．that D．whether
解析：选 。考查名词性从句。句意：科学家研究人类大脑是如何工作的，以制造出电脑。根据句意应选B。B2－2(2012·陕西高考)As many as five courses are provided,
and you are free to choose ________ suits you best.
A．whatever B．whichever
C．whenever D．wherever
解析：选 。考查宾语从句。句意：提供给你五门功课，你可以自由选择最适合于你的课程。宾语从句中缺少主语，故排除C、D两项。因为前面已提出有五门课程，是有固定范围的，故用whichever。whatever是没有范围的，不符合题意。B(3)表语从句
The problem is how we could make him understand it.
问题是我们如何能使他明白这些。
The question is where we should go.
问题是我们应该去哪儿。[点津] because和why都引导表语从句，why从句后的内容表示的是结果，而because从句内容表示的是原因。
试比较：
He was ill.That was why he didn't attend the meeting.
他病了，那就是他没出席会议的原因。
He didn‘t attend the meeting.That was because he was ill.他没出席会议，那是因为他生病了。[考题印证3]
3－1(2011·山东高考)I'm afraid he's more of a talker than a
doer, which is______he never finishes anything.
A．that B．when
C．where D．why
解析：选 。考查表语从句。很显然，前文所说的(他是一个空谈家而不是一个实干家)是下文(他一事无成)的原因，由此可知应该选why。D3－2(2010·江苏高考)—I prefer shutting myself in and
lis-tening to music all day on Sundays.
—That's ________ I don't agree. You should have a more active life.
A．where B．how
C．when D．what
解析：选 。考查名词性从句。说话人在星期天喜欢一整天把自己关在家中听音乐，答话人对这一点不赞同。答语中“where I don‘t agree”是表语从句，表示的是抽象概念，where在从句中作地点状语。假如选择D项，agree后需要加上介词。A(4)同位语从句
I have no idea where he has gone.
我不知道他去了哪里。
We don't understand the problem why this is the best choice.
我们不明白这个问题——为什么这是最好的选择。[考题印证4]
(2012·重庆高考)Evidence has been found through years of study ________ children's early sleeping problems are likely to continue when they grow up.
A．why B．how
C．whether D．that
解析：选 。考查同位语从句。分析句子结构可知，空格后面的部分是解释说明evidence的内容的，是evidence的同位语从句，而且引导词在从句中不作成分，故选连词that。D2．连接代词和连接副词的选择
连接代词和连接副词的选择要把握住两点：
(1)成分：连接代词在从句中作主语、宾语、表语或定语；
连接副词在从句中作状语。
(2)意义：无论是连接代词还是连接副词，都有各自的意义。
That's where the accident took place.
那就是事故发生的地方。(作状语，意为“……的地方”)
She didn't know who/whom we were talking about.
她不知道我们在谈论谁。(作介词宾语，意为“谁”)[考题印证5]
(2010·全国卷Ⅰ)We haven't discussed yet ________ we are going to place our new furniture.
A．that B．which
C．what D．where
解析：选 。考查名词性从句。题干中We haven't discussed yet后为宾语从句，引导词在从句中作地点状语，故选D。D3．what与that的用法区别
(1)that只起连接作用，在从句中不充当任何成分，也无任
何意义。
(2)what引导从句，除起连接作用外，还在从句中作主语、
宾语、表语等成分，这时what具有两个含义：①保留疑问的意义，即“什么；什么样的”；②相当于“the thing(s) that/which”，即“先行词＋定语从句”的含义。
另外，what的此种用法还可以表示时间(the time that)、地点(the place that)、人物(the person that)、数目(the amount/number that)等不同概念。You can have what you like.
你喜欢什么就拿什么吧。
The trouble is that she has lost his address.
麻烦在于她弄丢了他的地址。
After what seemed a long wait, the results were announced.
经过了似乎漫长的等待之后，结果被宣布了。[考题印证6]
(2011·重庆高考)It is not always easy for the public to see______use a new invention can be of to human life.
A．whose B．what
C．which D．that
解析：选 。考查宾语从句。 句意： 公众并不总是知道一项新的发明对人类生活有什么用途。 此处what表示“ 什么”， 引导宾语从句， what use 作介词of的宾语。B4．“疑问词-ever”与“no matter＋疑问词”的用法区别
whoever，whatever，whichever等既可引导名词性从句又可引导让步状语从句，而“no matter＋疑问词”只能引导让步状语从句。
Whoever telephones(＝No matter who telephones), tell them I'm out.
不管是谁打电话，都说我出去了。
No matter what you say，I believe you.
无论你说什么，我都相信你。[考题印证7]
(2009·陕西高考)The how-to book can be of help to________wants to do the job.
A．who B．whomever
C．no matter who D．whoever
解析：选 。从句的wants to do the job缺少了主语，所以B项错误，whomever只能作宾语；help后的to是介词，所以该空所填内容引导宾语从句，且充当宾语从句的主语，no matter who只能引导让步状语从句，不能引导名词性从句，所以只有选项D符合要求。whoever在此等同于anyone who。D二、it用作形式主语
当不定式、动名词、从句等用作主语时，为避免头重脚轻，通常在句首使用形式主语it，而把真正的主语放在句子末尾。1．代替主语从句
it代替主语从句的常用句式如下：
(1)It be＋名词(a pity, a shame, an honour, a good idea, a
miracle, a fact, common knowledge, a surprise ...)＋从句。
It is a pity that they I can't go with you because I have to look after my little brother.
我不能和你一起去真是太遗憾了，因为我必须照看我的弟弟。
It is common knowledge that the earth turns around the sun.
地球围着太阳转是常识。(2)It be＋形容词(clear, possible, likely, natural, certain,
fortunate, necessary, strange, uncertain, obvious, important ...)＋从句。
It is obvious that they are for the plan.
很明显他们赞同此项计划。[考题印证8]
8－1(2012·新课标全国卷)It is by no means clear ________
the president can do to end the strike.
A．how B．which
C．that D．what
解析：选 。考查名词性从句的引导词。句中it是形式主语，引导词在主语从句中作do的宾语，故选择what。D8－2(2011·湖南高考)Before a problem can be solved, it
must be obvious________ the problem itself is.
A．what B．that
C．which D．why
解析：选 。考查名词性从句。句意： 在解决问题之前，一定要弄清楚问题是什么。引导词在从句中作表语，故选what。A(3)It＋不及物动词(happen, seem, appear, chance, oc-cur,
matter ...)＋从句。
It (so) happened/chanced that I was in the countryside at the time.
那时我恰巧在乡下。
It seems that it is going to rain soon.
看起来天马上要下雨了。[考题印证9]
9－1(2012·江西高考)It suddenly occurred to him ________
he had left his keys in the office.
A．whether B．where
C．which D．that
解析：选 。考查连词。It occurs/occured to sb. that ...是固定句型，表示“某人突然想起……”。it是形式主语，that引导的从句作真正的主语。D9－2(2012·山东高考)It doesn't matter ________ you pay by
cash or credit card in this store.
A．how B．whether
C．what D．why
解析：选 。考查名词性从句。前面的it是形式主语，空格后面是真正的主语。句意：在这个商店中用现金或信用卡支付都可以。whether引导主语从句，意为“是否”，其他选项都不符合句意。B(4)It＋be＋过去分词 (found, believed, reported, thought,
noted, proved, known, decided, suggested, required ...)＋从句。
It is reported that the fire caused a great loss and hundreds of people died.
据报道这一次火灾损失巨大并且数百人死亡。[点津] “It＋be＋said/believed/reported/... that ...”句型一般可转换成“Sb./Sth.＋be said/believed/reported/... ＋不定式”句型。
It is said that he has got a doctor's degree.
＝He is said to have got a doctor's degree.
据说他获得了博士学位。2．代替不定式短语
It is hard to translate this sentence into English.
把这个句子译成英语很难。
3．代替动词-ing形式短语
It's no use arguing with him.
同他争辩没用。点击下图进入 专题练习 假如你叫Jim Lee，你最近对你们学校100名同学(男女各半)进行了关于他们上网目的的调查。现将调查结果(如下图所示)用英语给某报社的编辑写一封信，报告此事。Dear Editor，
①I have recently made a survey among 50 boys and 50 girls in my school about the purposes of getting on the Internet.
②As is shown in the chart, the girls' favorite thing to do online is chatting while what the boys like to do most is playing games.③Both boys and girls like to read news and send emails.④Maybe they think it the most convenient way to get information and keep in touch with friends.⑤As for studying, the numbers of boys and girls are equal, but altogether less than half of them would like to use the In-ternet as a tool to study. ⑥As far as I'm concerned, the case of our school is probably a tip of the iceberg. ⑦The Internet has brought about great effects on our lives.⑧We should try to make the Internet our good and faithful assistant.
Yours，
Jim Lee第一段：介绍调查目的。
第二段：介绍具体情况。
第三段：发表自己的观点。1．文中运用了较多的高级词汇，彰显出作者的语言功底。
如convenient, keep in touch with, as for, altogether, equal, as far as I'm concerned, a tip of the iceberg, faithful等。2．文中运用了多种句式结构，丰富了文章的内涵。如②句运用了as引导的非限制性定语从句，while连接两句表示对比，what引导主语从句；④句运用了“think＋it＋n.”复合结构；⑧句中运用了“make＋n.＋n.”结构。 调查报告是为一个主题或问题下定义，收集相关资料和事实，以便尽量做到完整和精确的表达。一份报告应该包括分析、判断、结论和建议。报告应简洁、易懂、准确、逻辑性强、描述性强及针对性强。用于说明、阐述某个事物、某种观点，以说服读者。 通常，一份调查报告包括以下四个部分：
1．简介——调查报告具有针对性，因此在首段就应明确报
告的主题和目的；
2．方法——调查报告具有客观性，因此客观的数据来源必
不可少；
3．结果——调查报告具有写实性，因此要描述调查结果；
4．总结——总结全文的主要观点，进一步深化主题。[黄金表达]The survey shows (that) ...
From/According to the survey, ...
It can be seen from the figures/statistics ...
We can see from the figures/statistics ...
It is clear/apparent from the figures/statistics ...
The great effect the changes have on ... is obvious/evident/apparent.
It may produce a considerable change in ...
It may result in a number of problems.
And perhaps the most direct result of ... is ...
I think/I hope/I advise that …点击下图进入 专题练习课件21张PPT。Unit 3Section ⅠStep 1Step 2Step 3Step 4Step 51．Do you know why the Leaning Tower of Pisa began to
lean shortly after it was built?
2．Why did the authorities decide to keep the leaning
position? The Leaning Tower of Pisa was
not leaning when it was built in 1173
and it was straight like a pole. However,
it started to lean soon towards the south
east because of poor foundation (地基) and a loose layer ofsubsoil. After the period of structural strengthening at the beginning of the 21st century, the Leaning Tower of Pisa now leans at an angle of 3.97 degrees.
In 1178, the change in direction was found for the first time when the construction had progressed further to the third floor. The tower's weight was very heavy for the three-meter foundation that was built on a weak area of land. For compensating (弥补) the leaning position, the builders started to construct the upper floors with one side higher than the other one. This caused the tower to lean in the other direction. This unusual structure led to the tower being actually curved.
In spite of these efforts, the tower kept on leaning. The government of Italy started to plan a prevention of the complete collapse of the tower in 1964. However, a request was put forward by the authorities to keep the leaning position because of the tourism industry of the region. After nearly two decades of careful planning by engineers, historians and mathematicians, the stabilization (加固) efforts for the Leaning Tower of Pisa started in 1990.The tower was closed for the general public and the people living nearby moved away. For reducing the total weight of the tower, its seven bells which represented the seven musical notes were removed. The tower was reopened to the general public on December 15, 2001. In May 2008, after removing another 70 metric tons of earth, the engineers announced that the tower had been finally stabilized and it would remain stable for at least 200 years.Are you familiar with these famous historic sites? Match the following pictures with their names.A．the Summer Palace B．the Temple of Heaven
C．the Royal Mausoleum of Ming
D．the Confucius Temple E．stonehenge
F．the Forbidden City G．the ruins of Yuanmingyuan
H．the Taj Mahal I．pyramids
答案：1.F 2.G 3.I 4.E 5.H 6.A 7.C 8.D 9.BScan the text and choose the best answers.
1．Which is the order of the trip route?
a．Italy b．Pompeii c．Loulan
A．a, b, c B．a, c, b
C．b, a, c D．c, b, a2．Among the following statements, which is TRUE about
Pompeii?
A．It was once a rich city of Italy.
B．It was buried about 2,000 years ago, but now it has
restored its prosperity.
C．It was buried on 24th August AD 89.
D．Only the city, without its people, was buried.3．From the view of the Pompeii city, we can see _______.
A．the whole city was well designed at that time
B．the ever existing civilization and development of
the city
C．that everything in the city was well kept as they
were 2,000 years ago
D．both A and B4．Loulan is called China's Pompeii in the desert because
________.
A．both of them once had great civilizations
B．both of them once had similar building structures
C．they were both destroyed by volcano eruption
D．they were both powerful in the ancient past5．Pompeii and Loulan are almost the same in many ways
EXCEPT that ________.
A．they once were the most flourish cities in the world, but now deserted ones
B．they were all destroyed directly by the force of
nature
C．they were found by peasants
D．they all represented the most advanced civilization
at that time
答案：1.A 2.A 3.D 4.A 5.CⅠ.Answer the following questions according to the text.
1．What is one main similarity between Pompeii and Loulan?
2．When was the Pompeii discovered after it was destroyed
by volcano?
3．Who is Professor Zhang?
Both of them became lost civilizations about 2,000 years ago.In the 18th century.An archaeologist from the local cultural instituteⅡ.Read the text again and fill in the form below.Italy2,000commercialvolcanosandstormsfarmerEuropeanpaintingsalivewaterFill in the blanks according to the text.
I feel lucky to have 1. a place on this trip to visit Pompeii and Loulan. I have been to Pompeii in Italy and am now in China visiting Loulan. Both places were 2.
cities about 2,000 years ago. And they both 3.
and became lost 4. about 2,000 years ago. Pompeii was 5. in the 8th century BC and was taken over bywonimportantcivilizationsfoundeddisappearedthe Romans in 89 BC. On 24th August AD 79, the volcano 6. and the city was 7. alive. Loulan was a stopping point on the Silk Road. It disappeared under the sand. It's believed by many people to have been 8.
covered over by sandstorms from AD 200 to AD 400. There are just a few 9. left. Some treasures, such as coins and painted pots, were found. The desert was once a green land with huge trees. However, that didn't 10. the city from being buried by sand.eruptedburiedgraduallyruinspreventDo you think it is necessary to discover and protect the lost civilizations?
参考答案：
Yes, we can learn a great deal from the achievements of ancient people and it can contribute to the progressof society.课件56张PPT。课时跟踪检测Unit 3Section Ⅱ语言点一语言点二语言点三识记掌握理解拓展应用落实识记掌握理解拓展应用落实识记掌握理解拓展应用落实(一)根据首字母提示及英文释义写出单词
1． a talk giving information about a subject to an
audience or a class, often as part of a teaching program
2． to start something such as an organization,
company, school, or city, often by providing the
necessary money
3． to leave somewhere very quickly, in order to escape
from dangerlecture: found:flee: 4． : make sth. more beautiful by putting things
on it
5． to damage something so badly that it no
longer exists or can never return to its normal state
6． to burst, or to make something burst into
small pieces, usually with a loud noise and in a way that
causes damage
7． flow, esp. downwards, in a continuous stream
8． the state or process of being destroyed or severely
damageddecorate destroy:explode:pour:ruin:(二)根据所给词性和汉语意思写出单词
9． n． 文明
10． adj. 商业的，贸易的
11． prep. 在……之下
12． n．材料；物质 adj.物质的
13． vi.(火山等)爆发→ n．爆发
14． adj.不幸的；遗憾的→ adj.幸运
的；侥幸的→ adv.幸运地；侥幸地civilizationcommercialbeneathmaterialerupteruptionunfortunatefortunatefortunately 15． adj.富有的，富裕的→ n．财富；富有，
富足
16． adv.渐渐地，逐渐地→ adj.逐渐的
17． n．文化的→ adv.文化上地→
n．文化
18． n．遗物，遗迹，遗骸→ vi.剩下，留下
→ adj.剩余的wealthywealthgraduallygradualculturalculturallycultureremainsremainremaining1．found vt.兴建，创建；建立，创立
(一)背诵佳句培养语感
(教材原句)The city was founded in the 8th century BC.
这座城市兴建于公元前八世纪。
(鲜活例句)The People's Republic of China was founded in 1949.
中华人民共和国成立于1949年。
[点津] found与find的过去式、过去分词同形，其过去式、过去分词为founded, founded。(二)归纳拓展全析考点(1)found ... on/upon ... 建设在……基础上
be founded on/upon ...根据……创作/建设
(2)foundation n. 创设；设立；基础
founder n. 创立者，创办人①She likes to found a novel on facts.
她喜欢根据事实写小说。
②Their friendship was founded on mutual respect.
他们的友情建立在相互尊重的基础上。
③The organization has grown enormously since its
in 1995.
该组织自1995创建以来已有了重大的发展。foundation2．pour vi.涌流，倾泻 vt.倒出(液体)
(一)背诵佳句培养语感
(教材原句)On 24 August AD 79, the volcano erupted and lava, ash and rocks poured out of it onto the surrounding countryside.
公元79年8月24日，火山喷发。火山岩浆、火山灰及岩石喷涌而出覆盖了周围的村庄。
(鲜活例句)Would you please pour me a cup of tea?
请你给我倒杯茶好吗？(二)归纳拓展全析考点pour in 涌进
pour into 涌进……
pour out (of ...) (从……)涌出；倾诉
pour sth. into/on ...
把……倒入……/把……倒在……上①Crowds of people poured in all the afternoon to complain.
整个下午人们不断地涌进来投诉。
②She poured wine the glasses and smiled at us.
她把酒倒入玻璃杯并对我们微笑。into3．unfortunate adj.不幸的，遗憾的
(一)背诵佳句培养语感
(教材原句)How unfortunate!
真不幸啊！
(鲜活例句)It's unfortunate that you missed the chance.
真遗憾，你错过了这个机会。(二)归纳拓展全析考点fortune n． 机会，运气；命运，财富
fortunate adj. 幸运的；侥幸的
fortunately adv. 幸运地；侥幸地
unfortunately adv. 不幸地，遗憾地①She can tell you fortune by looking at the lines on your hand.
她可以通过看你手上的指纹给你算命。
② I don't have enough money to travel abroad.
很遗憾，我没有足够的钱去国外旅行。Unfortunately,4．decorate vt.装饰，装潢；布置
(一)背诵佳句培养语感
(教材原句)I saw several houses which were decorated with wall paintings.
我看见几所装饰着壁画的房子。
(鲜活例句)The cake was decorated to look like a car.
蛋糕被装饰得看上去像汽车。(二)归纳拓展全析考点(1)decorate ... with ... 用……装饰……
be decorated with 被装饰着……
(2)decoration n. 装饰，装饰品①The family decorated the Christmas tree with colour-ful balls and lights.
全家人用彩球和灯装饰了圣诞树。
②Today is National Day, and the main street is decorated
red flags.
今天是国庆节，主街道上挂满了红旗。
③With its simple decoration, the main bedroom is like a peaceful haven.
主卧室的装饰很简朴，像一个宁静的港湾。with5．flee vt.& vi.逃避，逃跑；迅速离开
(一)背诵佳句培养语感
(教材原句)It turns out that after the ash covered the people who failed to flee the city, their bodies nearly completely broke down and disappeared, leaving empty spaces in the ash.
原来，火山灰覆盖了没能逃离城市的人，他们的身体几乎全部烧化消失了，只留下火山灰里的人形空当。
(鲜活例句)When the thief saw the police car, he turned and fled.
看到警车时，小偷转身逃跑了。(二)归纳拓展全析考点flee away 逃离
flee from 从……逃离；避免……
flee to 逃到……①He never flees away at the sight of danger.
他从不一见危险就跑。
②When the bombing started, people places of safety.
轰炸开始时，人们逃到了安全地带。
③He tried to flee from his country but was stopped at the airport.
他试图逃离他的国家，但在机场被拦下了。fled to (三)明辨易混失误防范
比较 flee, escape用flee和escape填空
④The enemy soldiers were in all directions, but few of them could .fleeingescape6．ruin n．废墟；毁坏 vt.破坏，毁灭
(一)背诵佳句培养语感
(教材原句)A scholar from the local cultural institute, Professor Zhang, told us that around the year 1900 the European explorer Sven Hedin discovered the ruins of the Loulan Kingdom.
当地文化研究所的一个学者张教授告诉我们，大约在1900年，欧洲的探险家斯文·海定发现了楼兰王国遗址。
(鲜活例句)It's a pity that the fire ruined the books in the library.
那场大火烧毁了图书馆的书，真是太可惜了。(二)归纳拓展全析考点come/go to ruin 毁灭，灭亡；落空
in ruins 成为废墟，破败不堪
fall in/into ruin 灭亡，荒废
bring ... to ruin 使毁灭，使落空①All the towns were in ruins after the earthquake.
地震后所有城镇都成了废墟。
②I wanted to know what had brought his hope .
我想知道是什么使他的希望落空了。to ruin(三)明辨易混失误防范
比较 ruin, destroy, damage用ruin, destroy和damage填空
③The heavy rain the house and the owner wanted to have it repaired.
④He knocked over a bottle of ink and the table cloth.
⑤An earthquake the town, killing more than 2,000 people.damagedruineddestroyed7．remains n．遗物，遗迹，遗骸
(一)背诵佳句培养语感
(教材原句)Sven found the remains of building buried beneath the sand, together with a lot of treasures, in-cluding coins, painted pots, material such as silk, docu-ments and wall paintings.
斯文发现了埋在沙子下面的建筑物遗迹，以及很多珍品，包括钱币，彩绘罐，材料如丝绸、文献和壁画。
(鲜活例句)We found the remains of a meal on the table.
我们在桌上发现了剩下的饭菜。(二)归纳拓展全析考点remain vi. 留下；剩下；停留
linking -v. 依旧，仍然是(后接形容词、名词和介
词短语)
remaining adj. 剩下的①Few remained of the house after the earthquake.
地震之后这房子几乎没有什么剩下的了。
②Although he has taken lots of medicine, his health remains poor.
尽管吃了很多药，他的身体依然很虚弱。[点津] remaining 通常作前置定语，而left 作“剩下的”讲时，常在句中作后置定语。
③She used the 50 dollars to buy her mother a skirt.
她用剩下的五十美元给她妈妈买了一条裙子。remaining(语境串记)An old man ate some remaining food and remained exploring the village because he believed that something can remain after the flood.Fortunately, he found some remains of the ancient times.
一位老人吃了一些剩饭后，继续探索这个村子。因为他相信洪水过后可能会有东西残留下来。幸运的是，他找到了一些古代的遗物。8．beneath prep.在……之下
(一)背诵佳句培养语感
(鲜活例句)They found the bag buried beneath a pile of leaves.
他们发现包在一堆树叶下面。(二)明辨易混失误防范
比较 beneath, below, under用beneath, below和under填空
①There is a cat the table.
②Someone is shouting the building.
③Joe enjoyed feeling the warm sand her feet.underbelowbeneath点击下图进入 应用落实即时体验1．protect ... 保护……免受……
2．be known 作为……而出名
3．take 夺取；接管
4．be buried 被活埋
5．turn 证明是；结果是fromasoveraliveout6．together 和……一起
7．cut 砍倒
8．result 导致……
9．be decorated 装饰着……
10．break (身体)垮掉；分解； (机器等)出故障withdowninwithdown1．be known as作为……而出名，被公认为……
(一)背诵佳句培养语感
(教材原句)Next week we are flying to China, and going to Loulan, which is known as China's Pompeii in the desert.
下周我们将飞往中国，前去沙漠中的楼兰，众所周知，它是中国的庞贝。
(鲜活例句)He is known as a fair judge.
他被公认为公正的法官。(二)归纳拓展全析考点be known/famous for 因……而出名
be known/famous to 为……所了解/熟知①Hangzhou is known for its West Lake.
杭州因西湖而出名。
②You'd better let your goals and progress be known your friends.
你最好让你的朋友们了解你的目标和进步。to2．take over夺取；接管；控制，管理；继承
(一)背诵佳句培养语感
(教材原句)In 89 BC, the Romans took over Pompeii.
公元前89年，罗马人占领了庞贝。
(鲜活例句)Mr Wang was sent to the hospital; I had to take over his work.
王先生住院了，我得接手他的工作。
(鲜活例句)The doctor wanted his son to take over his career when he retired.
这位医生希望自己退休后，儿子能够子承父业。(二)归纳拓展全析考点take off 脱下；起飞；匆忙离开
take in 吸收；接纳；欺骗
take on 呈现；雇用；承担
take ... for (误)以为
take up 拿起；占据；着手处理；开始从事①The woman took me in completely with her story.
那女人用她的故事把我骗惨了。
②He the study of English at the age of three.
他三岁开始学习英语。took up3．together with和……一起
①He sent her some roses, together with a letter.
他给她送了一些玫瑰花，还有一封信。
②My knowledge, together with his money, should be very useful in business.
我的学识，加上他的资金，在生意上应该会非常管用。
[点津] together with用于连接并列成分；当主语后面跟有together with短语时，谓语动词与together with前的主语保持人称和数的一致。
③Mike, together with his brother, to the party.
迈克和他的弟弟一道去参加聚会了。has gone点击下图进入 应用落实即时体验1. [句型展示] I feel lucky to have won a place on this trip.
能够赢得这次旅行的一个名额，我感到很幸运。
[典例背诵]
We are greatly delighted to have a native as our guide.
能有一个本地人当向导我们实在是太高兴了。2．[句型展示] Near_the_city_was a volcano.
在城市附近有一座火山。
[典例背诵]
Beyond the river lives an old fisherman.
有个老渔夫住在河的对岸。3．[句型展示] Many people were buried alive, and
so_was_the_city.
很多人都被活埋了，整座城市也被掩埋了。
[典例背诵]
She loves reading novels, and so does he.
她喜欢读小说，他也一样。4．[句型展示] Today I saw the ancient Roman city of
Pompeii as_it was 2,000 years ago.
今天我看到了罗马古城庞贝，它就跟两千年前一模一样。
[典例背诵]
You should tell the story as it was.
故事原本什么样，你就把它讲成什么样。1．Many people were buried alive, and so_was_the_city.许多
人被活埋了，整个城市也被掩埋。
(1)“so＋系动词/助动词/情态动词＋主语”表示前面所说的肯
定情况也适合于另一个人或另一件事。
①Wei Hua is in the classroom, and so is Wang Lin.
魏华在教室里，王琳也在。
②Society has changed and so in it.
社会变了，人也跟着变了。have the people(2)“neither/nor＋系动词/助动词/情态动词＋主语”表示前
面的否定情况也适合于另一个人或另一件事。
③She didn't turn up at the meeting. Neither/Nor did he.
她没有来开会，他也没有。
④John doesn't like bananas.
.
约翰不喜欢吃香蕉，他弟弟也不喜欢。Neither/Nor does his brother(3)“So it is with .../It is the same with ...”表示前面出现的
各种情况也适合于另一个人或另一件事。
⑤—Alice is a student and works hard.
——艾丽斯是个学生，并且学习努力。
—So it is with Tom./
——汤姆也如此。It is the same with Tom.[点津] “so＋主语＋系动词/助动词/情态动词”表示对前面所说的话的赞同，意为“的确如此”。此时，前后表示同一主语(人或事)。
⑥I promised to buy a nice gift for my son, and so I did.
我答应给儿子买一份好礼物，我确实做到了。2．Today I saw the ancient Roman city of Pompeii as it
was 2,000 years ago.
今天我看到了罗马古城庞贝，它就跟两千年前一模一样。
(1)句中as引导方式状语从句，意为“正如，就像”，常和just,
exactly连用。
①A fridge can keep food as it is for a period of time.
冰箱能把食物保鲜一段时间。
②Don't try to change yourself; you look fine as you are.
不要试图改变你自己，你现在看起来挺好。③You will grow wiser you grow older.
你会随着年龄的增长越来越聪明。
④He doesn't earn as much as I do.
他不如我挣钱多。
⑤Strange as it may seem, nobody was injured in the accident.
尽管看起来很奇怪，但这次事故中没人受伤。as点击下图进入 应用落实即时体验点击下图进入 课时跟踪检测课件45张PPT。课时跟踪检测Unit 3Section Ⅲ语言点一语言点二语言点三识记掌握理解拓展应用落实识记掌握理解拓展应用落实识记掌握理解拓展应用落实(一)根据首字母提示及英文释义写出单词
1． (adj.) very great in degree
2． (vi.) to say that you are annoyed, dissatisfied, or unhappy about something or someone
3． (n.) animal skin that has been treated to
preserve it, and is used for making shoes, bags, etc.extremecomplainleather4． (n.) a public or religious occasion that includes
a series of formal or traditional actions
5． (n.) the group of people who have gathered to
watch or listen to sth.
6． (n.) a statue, stone, etc. that is built in order to
remind people of an important past event or of a famous
people who has diedceremonyaudiencememorial(二)根据所给词性和汉语意思写出单词
7． adj. 木制的→ n. 木头，木料
8． n. 表达；表情，神色→ v. 表现，
表达
9． adj. 强有力的，强大的→ n. 力；势力，
权力woodenwoodexpressionexpresspowerfulpower10． adj. 幸运的→ adj. 不幸的；运气
不好的→ adv. 幸运地
11． vt. 宣布；宣称→ n．宣言
12． adj. 纪念的n.纪念碑，纪念馆→
n．记忆；记忆力→ v. 记忆
13． v. 教育；教导→ n. 教育；培养
→ n. 教育家fortunateunfortunatefortunatelydeclaredeclarationmemorialmemory memorizeeducateeducationeducator1．complain vt.& vi.抱怨；诉苦
(一)背诵佳句培养语感
(教材原句)One complained that the room was not clean and that it was not very comfortable either.
一个学生抱怨说房间不干净而且也不舒适。
(鲜活例句)You'll have to complain to Head Office if the washing machine stops working again.
要是洗衣机再出毛病的话，你只好向总公司投诉了。(二)归纳拓展全析考点(1)complain (to sb.) about/of sth.
(向某人)抱怨、投诉某事
complain of sth. 诉说(病情、疼痛等)
(2)complaint n. 抱怨；诉苦
make a complaint about/of 抱怨……，投诉……①Mother is always complaining of not having enough time.
母亲总是抱怨没有足够的时间。
②She is always her toothache to the doctor.
她老是跟医生说她牙痛。
③The police received several complaints about the noise from our party.
警方收到数起不满的投诉，指责我们的聚会太吵了。complaining of2．expression n．表示，表达；表情，神色
(一)背诵佳句培养语感
(鲜活例句)Her expression showed that she was angry.
从她的表情可知她生气了。(二)归纳拓展全析考点(1)beyond expression 无法形容
(2)express v. 表达，表示
express oneself 表达自己(的感情或想法)
(3)expressive adj. 有表现力的，富于表情的①I think that the bride was lovely beyond expression.
我认为那个新娘美得无法形容。
②They tend only after they know all the opinions.
他们只有得知所有意见后，才倾向于表达自我。to express themselves 3．fortunate adj.幸运的
(一)背诵佳句培养语感
(教材原句)It was fortunate that the US Navy's aircraft carriers were at sea that day.
幸运的是美国海军的航空母舰那天在海上。
(鲜活例句)I'm fortunate that I have such an understanding mother.
我很幸运有那么善解人意的母亲。(二)归纳拓展全析考点(1)be/feel fortunate to do sth. 有幸做某事
be/feel fortunate in (doing) sth. 在……方面很幸运
It is fortunate that ... ……是幸运的
(2)fortune n. [U]机会；运气
[C]大笔的钱
seek one's fortune 找出路
tell one's fortune 为某人算命
try one's fortune 碰运气①She felt fortunate in being able to find a good job in a city she liked.
能在她喜欢的城市找到一份好工作，她觉得很幸运。
②I am fortunate to be chosen for a trip abroad.
我真幸运，被选中出国旅行。
③Many young people in the village leave for big cities to
nowadays.
现在，很多年轻人离家到大城市找出路。seek their fortune4．declare vt.宣布，宣告，宣称
(一)背诵佳句培养语感
(教材原句)The next day, US President Franklin Roosevelt declared war against Japan.
第二天，美国总统富兰克林·罗斯福向日本宣战。
(鲜活例句)He declared that he would fight for his right.
他宣称要为他的权利而战。(二)归纳拓展全析考点declare that ... 声明/宣布……
declare war against/on ... 向/对……宣战
declare for/against sb./sth. 声明赞成/反对……
declare sb./sth.(to be)＋adj. 声称某人/某事……①The doctor finally declared (that) the man was dead.
医生最终宣布该男子死亡。
②When did Britain Germany in the Second World War?
在第二次世界大战中，英国是什么时候向德国宣战的？
③She declared herself extremely hurt by lack of his support.
她说自己非常伤心，因为没有得到他的支持。declare war against(三)明辨易混失误防范
比较 declare, announce用declare和announce填空
④India her independence in 1947.
⑤It was that there would be a celebration on May 4.declaredannounced点击下图进入 应用落实即时体验1．put 公布，发布；扑灭
2．be divided 被分成
3．come 达到，进入(某状态)；合 计，总计
4．go 经历；顺利完成；穿过
5．pay attention 注意outintotothroughto6．carry 实行，执行；进行
7．set sail 起航去……
8． board 在船(飞机或火车)上
9． memory of 纪念
10．focus 集中精力于outforoninon1．come to达到，进入(某状态)；合计，总共；(某人)意识
到；苏醒
(一)背诵佳句培养语感
(教材原句)What has the world come to when the past matters more than the present?
当过去比现在更重要时，世界将会变成什么样子呢？(鲜活例句)The waiter told me that the bill came to $600.
服务员告诉我账单共计600美元。
(鲜活例句)When she came to, she could not, for a moment, recognize the surroundings.
她苏醒过来时，一下子弄不清自己在什么地方了。(二)归纳拓展全析考点(1)come to oneself 恢复知觉，苏醒
when it comes to ... 当谈及……时
(2)come across (偶然)遇见；被理解
come along 一道，一起
come on 登场；加油
come up 被提出；破土而出①When it comes to German, I know nothing.
谈到德语，我一无所知。
②He spoke for a long time but his meaning didn't really
.
他说了很长时间，但没有人真正理解他的意思。come across2．carry out 实行，执行；进行
(一)背诵佳句培养语感
(教材原句)A surprise attack was carried out there by the Japanese in 1941.
1941年日本在那里发起突袭。
(鲜活例句)Nothing can prevent the plan from being carried out.
没有什么能阻止执行这个计划。(二)归纳拓展全析考点carry on 继续；坚持
carry sth.through 成功完成……；顺利实现……
carry away 搬走，拿走①Carry on working while I'm away.
我不在的时候要继续工作。
②It's a difficult job but she's the person
.
这是件艰巨的工作，但她是能胜任的。to carry it through3．in memory of 纪念，为了纪念
(一)背诵佳句培养语感
(教材原句)In memory of the Americans who died in the attack, a national memorial was built in Pearl Harbor just above the remains of the Arizona.
为了纪念在这次袭击中遇难的美国人，人们在珍珠港“亚利桑那”号的遗迹上建了一座国家纪念碑。
(鲜活例句)The film was made in memory of the great national hero.
这部电影是为了纪念那位伟大的民族英雄而拍摄的。(二)归纳拓展全析考点in memory of属于“in＋名词＋of”短语，类似的常用短语还有：
in honour of 为纪念，为庆祝
in favour of 支持
in place of 代替
in praise of 赞扬，讴歌
in charge of 负责
in need/want of 需要
in search of 寻找
in celebration of 为庆祝①Many people got together to hold a ceremony in honour of those who died in the earthquake.
许多人聚集在一起举行了一个仪式，为的是纪念地震中死去的人们。
②My sister was against my suggestion while my brother was in favour of it.
我妹妹反对我的建议，而我弟弟赞成我的建议。
③Zhang Lili is called the most beautiful teacher
her deeds.
为赞扬张丽莉的行为，人们称她为最美丽的教师。in praise of点击下图进入 应用落实即时体验1．[句型展示] His devotion to the study of Loulan
has made_him_a_famous_expert in this field.
他专心地研究楼兰，这使他成了该领域的知名专家。
[典例背诵]
He was the youngest, but they decided to make him
captain.
尽管他最年轻，他们仍决定选他当队长。2．[句型展示] He took_the_time_to_answer all our
questions and his answers were very wise.
他不慌不忙地回答我们所有的问题，而且他的回答充满智慧。
[典例背诵]
They didn't realize the urgency of the work, so they took the time to do it.
他们没有意识到这项工作的紧迫性，因此他们慢慢地做着。3．[句型展示] Now_that we've finished, does anyone
have any questions?
既然我们结束了，还有人有问题吗？
[典例背诵]
Now that I'm well again, I can go on with my work.
我既然恢复了健康，就可以继续工作了。4．[句型展示] When we prepare a speech,
the_first_thing_to_do is to plan an outline of what we
want to say.
当我们准备一次演讲时，要做的第一件事是把我们要说的内容列一个提纲。
[典例背诵]
The second thing to do is to keep the machine on for 5 minutes.
第二步应当让机器开五分钟。1．His devotion to the study of Loulan has made him a
famous expert in this field.
他专心地研究楼兰，这使他成了该领域的知名专家。
句中made him a famous expert为make复合结构。①All work and no play makes Jack a dull boy.
只工作不休息，聪明的孩子也变傻。
②I don't know what makes him so frightened.
我不知道是什么令他如此害怕。
③How did Ling Feng make the baby stop crying?
凌风是怎样使婴儿停止啼哭的？
④He raised his voice in order to .
他提高嗓门为的是让人听到他说的话。make himself heard2．Now_that we've finished, does anyone have any
questions?
既然我们结束了，还有人有问题吗？
now that (＝ since)“既然，由于”，是一个连词词组，
引导一个表示原因的状语从句。口语中that可以省略。①Now that you have finished your work, you may go now.
既然你已完成了工作，那么你可以走了。
② you have made a promise, you must carry it out.
既然你许下了诺言，你就要实践它。
③Now that they've got to know each other a little better, they get along just fine.
由于彼此之间有了进一步了解，他们相处得不错。Now (that) 点击下图进入 应用落实即时体验点击下图进入 课时跟踪检测课件57张PPT。Unit 3Section Ⅳ语法讲座写作讲座知识必备专题练习佳作观摩技法指导专题练习一、宾语补足语
宾语补足语是用于补充说明宾语的成分。宾语补足语常常放在宾语之后，和宾语一起构成复合宾语。1．名词、形容词、副词和介词短语作宾语补足语
(1)名词作宾语补足语
常见的能接名词作宾语补足语的动词有consider, find, make, elect, name, call, think, choose等。
We made Lin Tao monitor of our class.
我们选林涛当我们的班长。
We think it our duty to help others.
我们认为帮助别人是我们的职责。(2)形容词和副词作宾语补足语
常见的能接形容词和副词作宾语补足语的动词有consider, get, make, keep等。
Liu Ming finds it important to practise speaking English every day.
刘明发现每天练习说英语很重要。
Keep the dog out!
让那条狗待在外面。[考题印证1]
(2010·江西高考)Computers and mobile phones, though they are indeed making our life ________ and more ________， have reduced the need for face-to-face communications.
A．easily; efficient B．easier; efficient
C．easy; efficiently D．easily; efficiently
解析：选 。考查形容词。从状语从句的句子结构来看，make后为复合宾语，宾语补足语可由形容词充当。故选B。A、C、D三项均含副词。B(3)介词短语作宾语补足语
常见的能接介词短语作宾语补足语的动词(短语)有regard, treat, look on, consider, take, find等。
We regard labour as a matter of honour.
我们认为劳动是光荣的。
I always look on you as my best friend.
我总是把你看做我最好的朋友。2．现在分词、过去分词和不定式作宾语补足语
(1)现在分词作宾语补足语表示动作正在进行或状态的持续，常见的能接现在分词作宾语补足语的动词有have, keep, catch, find, leave, get, see, watch等。
I heard them singing an English song in the classroom.
我听见他们正在教室里唱一首英文歌曲。
I saw some peasants planting trees over there.
我看见一些农民正在那边种树。[考题印证2]
(2010·湖南高考)Listen! Do you hear someone ________ for help?
A．calling B．call
C．to call D．called
解析：选 。考查非谓语动词。由listen可知，此处用hear sb. doing sth.“听到某人正在做某事”，calling在句中是现在分词作动词hear的宾语补足语。A(2)过去分词作宾语补足语可表示被动完成或动作已完成。
常见的能接过去分词作宾语补足语的动词有have, keep,
find, leave, get, make, see, watch等。
He found the room cleaned.
他发现房间已被打扫过了。[考题印证3]
3－1(2012·四川高考)Before driving into the city, you are
required to get your car ________.
A．washed B．wash
C．washing D．to wash
解析：选 。考查非谓语动词。考查过去分词作宾语补足语。此题中使役动词get后接的宾语car与作宾语补足语的动词wash之间为被动关系，构成短语：get sth. done。故选A项。句意：在驱车进城之前，你必须将你的车洗了。A3－2(2011·重庆高考)Michael put up a picture of Yao Ming
beside the bed to keep himself______of his own dreams.
A．reminding B．to remind
C．reminded D．remind
解析：选 。考查非谓语动词。句意：Michael把姚明的图片张贴在床边是为了提醒自己要实现自己的梦想。 remind sb.of sth.表示“ 提醒某人某事”， himself与remind之间是动宾关系， 故用动词的过去分词形式。 C(3)不定式作宾语补足语
①带to的不定式。常见的能接带to的不定式作宾语补足语的动词有warn, ask, invite, persuade, tell, order, beg, require, teach, force, encourage, allow, forbid等。
Miss White told me not to write on the wall again.
怀特小姐让我不要再往墙上写字了。
I warned Lin Tao not to swim in the river alone.
我警告林涛不要单独去河里游泳。②不带to的不定式。常见的能接不带to的不定式作宾语补足语的动词有感官动词(短语)see, look at, observe, watch, notice, hear, listen to, feel等和使役动词make, let, have等。
I noticed a strange man pass by the post office.
我注意到一名古怪男子从邮局经过。
Who had the little boy clean the windows?
是谁要那个小男孩擦洗窗户的？[点津] (1)若感官动词和使役动词用于被动语态时，作主语补足语的不定式要带to。
He was made to clean the car for the boss for free.
他被迫为老板免费洗车。
(2)感官动词后接不定式作宾语补足语强调动作的全过程；接现在分词作宾语补足语强调动作正在进行。试比较：
I saw him clean the classroom.
我看见他扫教室了。
I saw him cleaning the classroom.
我看见他正在扫教室。二、either ... or ...和neither ... nor ...的用法
1．either ... or ...意为“或者……或者……”；“不是……就
是……”。表示两者之一，连接句子中两个并列的成分。
Either you or I am going there tomorrow.
明天要么你要么我去那里。
When the girl is happy, she either sings or dances.
那个女孩高兴时，不是唱就是跳。
Either you are mad, or I am (mad)．
要么是你疯了，要么是我疯了。[点津] either ... or ...连接两个主语时，谓语动词的形式遵循就近一致的原则。
Either you or he has lunch at school.
要么是你要么是他在学校吃午饭。
其一般疑问句应为：
Do either you or he have lunch at school?
是你还是他在学校吃午饭？[考题印证4]
(2009·湖南高考)Either you or one of your students________to attend the meeting that is due tomorrow.
A．are B．is
C．have D．be
解析：选 。考查主谓一致。either ... or...连接两个代词或名词作主语时，谓语动词依其最近的代词或名词确定，即谓语动词的形式遵循就近一致原则。B2．neither ... nor ...表示“既不……也不……”。其含义是否定
的，可连接句中的两个并列的成分。
It is neither hot nor cold in winter here.
这里冬天既不热也不冷。
I want to visit neither Beijing nor Shanghai.＝ I don't want to visit either Beijing or Shanghai.
我既不想去北京游玩也不想去上海游玩。
Neither could theory do without practice, nor could prac-tice do without theory.
理论离不开实践，实践也离不开理论。三、主谓一致
主谓一致是指一个句子的主语和谓语动词在人称和数等方面要保持一致。主谓一致一般要遵循三个原则，即语法一致原则、就近原则及逻辑意义一致原则。1．语法一致原则
语法上一致就是谓语动词和主语在单、复数形式上保持
一致。
(1)由and连接的两个名词作主语，表示不同的人或事，谓语
动词用复数。
What he said and what he did have greatly encouraged the
other students.
他的话语和行为鼓舞了其他同学。(2)and连接的两个名词指同一个人或物时，谓语动词用
单数。
The famous writer and poet gives a talk twice a day.
那位著名的作家兼诗人每两天作一场报告。(3)由no ... and no ..., each ... and each ..., every ... and
every ..., many a ... and many a ...等构成复合主语时， 谓语动词用单数。
Every student and every teacher was in the classroom.
每个学生和每位老师都在教室里。
No boy and no girl likes it.
没有哪个男孩或女孩喜欢它。(4)主语为单数名词或代词，尽管后面有with, together with,
along with, except, but, like, as well as, rather than, more than, no less than, besides, including等引起的短语，谓语动词仍用单数形式；若主语为复数，谓语动词用复数形式。
Mr Green, together with his wife and children, has come to China.
格林先生和妻子、孩子一起来到了中国。
Nobody but Jim and Mike was on the playground.
除了杰克和迈克，没有人在操场上。[考题印证5]
(2012·陕西高考)The basketball coach, as well as his team, ________ interviewed shortly after the match for their outstanding performance.
A．were B．was
C．is D．are解析：选 。考查时态和主谓一致。句意：由于杰出的表现，在比赛之后不久，篮球教练和他的队员接受了采访。主语后接as well as, along with, together with等构成的短语时，谓语动词与前面的主语保持一致。故此处用单数谓语动词，排除A、D两项。根据语境判断，此处表示过去的事情，故选B。B(5)“one of＋复数名词”后的定语从句关系词作主语时，从句
谓语动词用复数；而“the only one of＋复数名词”后的定语从句关系词作主语时，从句谓语动词却用单数。
He is one of the students who have been to Shanghai.
他是那些去过上海的学生中的一个。
He is the only one of the student who has been to Shanghai.
他是那些学生中唯一去过上海的。(6)“many a”， “more than one”和“one＋名词单数＋or
two”作主语时，谓语动词用单数。
Many a comrade has that kind of opportunity.
很多同志都有那种机遇。
More than one person is involved in this.
与此事有牵连的人不止一个。
One spelling mistake or two has been found in your composition.
＝One or two spelling mistakes have been found in your composition.
在你的作文中发现了一两个拼写错误。 [考题印证6]
(2010·陕西高考)It is reported that many a new house ________ at present in the disaster area.
A．are being built B．were being built
C．was being built D．is being built
解析：选 。考查语态和主谓一致。句意：据报道，目前在灾区人们正在建设大量新房屋。many a＋名词作主语，谓语用单数，根据at present可知，时态为现在时。D2．就近一致原则
在英语句子中，有时谓语动词的人称和数与最近的主语
保持一致。
(1)当两个主语由either ... or ..., neither ... nor ...，whether ...
or ..., not only ... but also ...连接时，谓语动词和邻近的主
语一致。
Are either you or he good at English?
是你还是他擅长英语？
Not only the students but also the teacher wants to go
climbing.
学生和老师都想去爬山。(2)there be句型中，be动词单复数取决于其后的主语。如
果其后是由and连接的两个主语，则应与靠近的那个主语保持一致。
There are two chairs and a desk in the room.
＝There is a desk and two chairs in the room.
房间里有两把椅子和一张桌子。3．逻辑意义一致原则
逻辑意义一致就是谓语动词中的数必须和主语的意义一
致(因为有时主语形式为单数，但意义为复数；有时形
式为复数，意义却为单数)。
(1)all of, most of, a lot of, some of, half of, the rest of, plenty
of, part of, two-thirds of等加名词作主语时，谓语动词的
数应根据后面名词的数而定。
The rest of the boys were out.
其他的男孩子出去了。
All of the work has been done.
所有的工作都做完了。[考题印证7]
7－1(2011·湖南高考)One-third of the country ________ covered with trees and the majority of the citizens ________black people.
A．is; are B．is; is
C．are; are D．are; is
解析：选 。考查主谓一致。句意：这个国家的三分之一被树覆盖，而且大多数公民是黑人。one-third of the country 指“一个国家的三分之一”，后面的谓语动词应用单数形式；the majority 后面的citizens 为复数意义，故谓语动词用复数形式。 A7－2(2011·安徽高考)The factory used 65 percent of the raw
materials, the rest of which ______ saved for other purposes.
A．is B．are
C．was D．were
解析：选 。考查主谓一致和时态。句意：这家工厂使用了65%的原材料，其余的节省下来以作他用。后半句中的 the rest of which 中的which 指的是raw materials, 所以谓语动词用复数，再结合前半句中的时态可判断D项正确。D(2)all单独作主语表示人时，谓语动词用复数形式；表示物
时，谓语动词用单数形式。
All have gone to Beijing.
所有的人都去了北京。
All is going well.
一切顺利。(3)“形复意单”的名词作主语时的主谓一致。
①表示时间、重量、距离、金钱等的名词作主语时，往往看成一个整体，谓语动词用单数。
Fifteen miles seems like a long walk to me.
走十五英里对我来说好像太远了。
One hundred dollars is not a large sum of money.
一百美元不算一大笔钱。②一些科学名词是以-ics结尾，如：mathematics, politics, physics以及news, works等，都属于形式上像复数的名词，实际意义为单数名词，它们作主语时，其谓语动词要用单数形式。
The paper works was built in 1990.
这家造纸厂建于1990年。
I think physics isn't easy to study.
我认为物理不好学。③由两部分构成的物体，如glasses, scissors, trousers, jeans等作主语时，谓语动词常用复数。但物体前若用pair of，谓语动词的单复数常取决于pair的单复数。
The glasses are yours.
这副眼镜是你的。
There are some new pairs of compasses.
有几副新圆规。④少数名词，如means等作主语时，谓语动词单复数根据所表达的概念而定。
Every means has been tried.
每一种方法都试过了。
All possible means have been tried.
所有可能的方法都试过了。(4)集体名词作主语时的主谓一致。
①某些集体名词，如family, team, class, enemy, majority, group, government, public, party, army, firm, company等作主语，如视作一个整体，作单数用。如果强调该集体的各个成员，则作复数用。
His family is small.
他的家庭是个小家庭。
His family are all model workers.
他的家人全是先进工作者。②people, police, cattle等集体名词作主语，谓语动词用复数形式。
The police are looking for the missing child.
警察正在寻找那个失踪的孩子。(5)“the＋形容词或分词”，表示某一类人时，谓语动词用复
数；表示某一个人时，谓语动词用单数。
The young are mostly ambitious.
年轻人大部分有雄心。
Yesterday an accident happened on the road and a person was injured. The injured was rushed to hospital.
昨天路上发生了一起事故，一个人受伤了。伤者很快被送到医院。[点津] 有个别的“the＋形容词”结构既表示单数意义，也表示复数意义，若用作主语，谓语动词用单数还是复数需视情况而定。例如：the good指“好人”时表示复数意义，指“善”时表示单数意义；the accused指一名被告时表示单数意义，指多名被告时表示复数意义。比较：The beautiful is not always the good, and the good is not always the true.
美未必是善，善未必是真。
The accused was acquitted of the charge.
被告被宣告无罪。(指一人)
The accused were acquitted of the charge.
被告均被宣告无罪。(指多人)点击下图进入 专题练习 下图是小学生的课堂一角，请你根据课堂上发生的情况，写一篇120词左右的英语短文。内容包括：描述图片里学生上课的场景；分析出现这种情况的原因；谈谈你的感受。 ①During a Chinese class, a teacher was teaching some useful phrases they were learning, such as “blue sky and clear water”， when a boy stood up and interrupted her. ②The teacher asked him what was the matter.③He answered, “Madam, the sky outside is not blue and water in the river is not clear！”④The teacher seemed surprised, but the other pupils agreed with him. ⑤What the boy said was true.⑥In some cities, water and air have been polluted，so children can only see “blue sky and clear water” in pictures. ⑦I hope effective measures must be taken to prevent the environment from being polluted.⑧In this way, we can see “blue sky and clear water” around us.第一段：描述图画内容。
第二段：引入主题，分析原因并表达看法。①句中使用了was doing ... when ...句式。
②句中what引导宾语从句。
⑤句承上启下；句中what引导主语从句，在从句中作
宾语。
⑦句运用了不定式短语作目的状语。 图画作文通常提供一幅或多幅图画，同时也给出相应的文字说明。图画作文大多数涉及的话题为社会热点、中学生身边经常发生的或自己经历过的事情。体裁以说明文或记叙文居多，一般要求根据图示介绍说明一个地方或一件事情，或者要求根据图示叙述过去或即将发生的事件。有些时候也可能提供一幅漫画，要求学生提炼内容，挖掘寓意。 在写图画作文时应做到以下几点：
1．重视谋篇布局，合理划分段落。图画作文通常由三个段落组成。第一段总体概括图画的内容，为下一段详细描述图画的内容作铺垫；第二段是文章的主体部分，详细地、有条理地描述图画的内容，然后进行深入的分析；第三段简要地抒发自己的一些感想或进行总结性的评论。 2．合理展开想象。图画作文之所以常考不衰是因为这种呈现话题的方式非常独特。首先，图画的内容通俗易懂、简单明了。其次，有一些隐含的内容在图画中没有直接显示出来，需要学生通过合理的想象，挖掘出图画的弦外之音。因此，这种设置试题的方式不仅考查了学生的语言表达能力，而且也能考查学生的观察能力、判断能力和概括能力等。
构思写作时，在对图画的内容进行梳理的基础上，学生要注意合理地发挥想象，增加一些细节内容，从而把那些图画中没有直接显现出来的内容体现出来，使写作的要点更加丰富。 3．善于使用标志性词语。针对故事类的作文，如果是按照时间顺序来叙述某一事件的，可以使用at first, then, later, after that, finally等标志性的词语，使写作思路清晰，表达富有层次。同时，需要注意的是，在最后一段一定要使用概括性的语句明确表明故事已经讲完了。否则，老师可能会感觉你的文章结构不够完整，没有完成写作任务。
4．议论是为了升华主题。图画作文的写作绝不能停留在对图画的描述上。在描述完图画内容的内容后，要通过议论升华主题。议论的目的是升华文章的主题，起到画龙点睛的作用。同时，要注意，最后的议论内容要来自图画，并与前文的内容联系起来。?点击下图进入 专题练习课件47张PPT。语篇理解课时跟踪检测Unit 3Section Ⅴ语言点一语言点二语言点三识记掌握理解拓展应用落实识记掌握理解拓展应用落实识记掌握理解拓展应用落实Ⅰ.Read the articles and decide whether the following statements are true (T) or false (F)．
1．In 336 BC Alexander became king. ( )
2．Alexander the Great once took his army into China. ( )
3．Alexander had to turn back because his own army grew
tired of endless battles and refused to go any further.( )
4．The statue of the Greek soldier found in Xinjiang
showed that he came to China. ( )TFTF5．Socrates was born in Athens, Greece. ( )
6．Socrates had a deep influence on Western painting and
science. ( )
7．Many students got angry when Socrates' questions made
them aware of their own errors. ( )
8．Many people thought Socrates was a hero who searched
for truth. ( )TFTTⅡ.Fill in the blanks according to Ancient Greek statue found in Xinjiang.
Alexander the Great, the famous Greek king, became king when he was only 1. years old, Many cities rose up 2. him, but he led an army to 3. them. Later, he took his army into the Middle East and then Egypt andtwentyagainstdefeat4. all the way to India, finding victory 5.
he went. By the age of 6. he had already 7.
more land than anyone before. Yet, he came down 8. a fever and died in 323 BC. Alexander the Great 9. the Greek culture from Europe to Africa and Asia, 10.
the world for centuries to come.marchedwhereverthirty,occupiedwithspreadinfluencingⅢ.Fill in the form according to The father of Western philosophy.GreecebraverypaidlivingHowembarrassedopinionsforcedaskedsearching/looking(一)为以下单词分别选择合适的英文释义
1．troop
A．something you do in order to cheat someone
B．soldiers, especially in organized groups
答案：B
2．march
A．to walk quickly and with firm, regular steps
B．to make an area separate by drawing a line
答案：A3．vast
A．extremely large
B．several differences
答案：A
4．court
A．forward movement in time
B．place where trials or other law cases are held
答案：B5．judge
A．the official in control of a court who decides how criminals should be punished
B．fairness in the way people are treated
答案：A(二)根据所给词性和汉语意思写出单词
6． n． 雕塑，雕像
7． n. 辉煌；荣耀，光荣
8． adv. (时间、空间)在前面；提 前，预先；领先
9． n. 薪金，薪水
10． vt. 使腐化，使堕落
adj. 贪污的，腐败的statuegloryaheadsalarycorrupt11． n. 审讯，审理；试验；考验
12． n．基础；基准；原因→ (pl.)
13． adj.意识到的，知道的；察觉到的→
n．意识
14． n．毒药，毒物 vt.毒害，下毒→ adj.
有毒的trialbasisbasesawareawarenesspoisonpoisonous 1. ahead (时间、空间)在前面；提前，预先；领先
(一)背诵佳句培养语感
(教材原句)By the age of thirty, he had already occupied more land than anyone before, and it seemed that more glory was waiting ahead of him.
到他三十岁时，他已经拥有了比以前的任何人都要多的土地，在他的前面似乎有更多的荣耀在等待着他。
(鲜活例句)I'm so glad that our team is ahead by three points.
我太高兴了，我们队领先3分。(二)归纳拓展全析考点(be) ahead of 在……之前；领先于；胜过
ahead of time (＝ in advance) 提前
go ahead 朝前走，请便，干吧，做吧(同意
对方继续做某事或同意对方的请求)①I finished several days ahead of the deadline.
我是在最后期限的前几天完成的。
②She was always well ahead of the rest of the class.
她总是遥遥领先班上的其他同学。
③—Do you mind if I record your lecture?
—Not at all. .
——你介意我把你的讲座录下来吗？
——不会的，请便。Go ahead2．aware adj.意识到的，知道的；察觉到的
(一)背诵佳句培养语感
(教材原句)In many cases, his questions made his students aware of their own errors.
在很多情况下，他的问题使得他的学生们意识到自己的错误。
(鲜活例句)I wanted to know why it happened without my being aware of it.
我想知道为什么事情在我不知不觉中发生了。(二)归纳拓展全析考点make sb. aware of ... 使某人注意到……
be/become aware of 对……知道，明白；
意识到……
be aware that ... 知道，体会到……
as/so far as I'm aware 据我所知①You are not aware (of) how worried I felt about your safety.
你不知道我多么担心你的安全。
②Most smokers perfectly the dangers of smoking.
大多数吸烟者完全知道吸烟的危害。
③As far as I'm aware, this is the first time that he has won the competition.
据我所知，这是他第一次赢得比赛。areaware of3．basis n．[C]基础；基准；原因；根据(pl.bases)
(一)背诵佳句培养语感
(教材原句)The idea of asking questions until you reach the right answer is the basis of modern philosophy and science.
问问题直到找到正确答案的想法是现代哲学和科学的基础。
(鲜活例句)What basis do you have for this judgement?
你是根据什么作出的判断？(二)归纳拓展全析考点(1)on a/the basis of 以……为基础；根据
(2)base n. 基础；基地；根据
vt. 以……为基础
be based on 以……为基础
(3)basic adj. 基础的；基本的①On the basis of those facts, we can reach the following conclusion.
根据那些事实，我们可以得出以下结论。
②Liaoning is one of the most important industrial bases of China.
辽宁是中国最重要的工业基地之一。
③ a true story, he wrote the long novel.
根据一个真实的故事，他写了这篇长篇小说。Based on4．judge n．[C]裁判员；法官v.断定；判断；评价
(一)背诵佳句培养语感
(教材原句)At his trial, he defended himself by asking his judges yet more questions. 在他的审判中，他向法官问了更
多的问题来为自己辩护。
(鲜活例句)He was one of the
judges of the boxing match.
他是那场拳击比赛的裁判员之一。
(鲜活例句)It was difficult for the court to judge that case.
法庭很难对那个案子作出判决。(二)归纳拓展全析考点judge ...from/by ... 根据……判断……
judging by/from ... 从……来看，根据……来
判断
as/so far as I can/could judge 据我判断，我认为①You can't judge a book by its cover.
你不能根据封面来评价一本书。
② what he said, he must be an honest man.
由他所说的来判断，他一定是个诚实的人。Judging from点击下图进入 应用落实即时体验1． doubt 无疑，确实
2．rise up 起义，反抗
3．stand one's path 阻碍(某人)
4．come down 患(病)
5．think ...as 认为，看作是noagainstinwithof6．have enough 受够了……，对……感到厌 烦
7．ahead 在……前面，提前
8． a result of 由于
9．aside 除……以外
10．search 寻找，搜寻of ofasfromfor1．no doubt无疑，确实
(一)背诵佳句培养语感
(教材原句)When asked how a statue from distant Greece could have appeared in China, researchers explained that no doubt this was a result of Alexander the Great's influence.
当被问及来自遥远希腊的塑像怎么会出现在中国时，研究人员解释说，这无疑是亚历山大大帝的影响所致。
(鲜活例句)No doubt he will call us when he gets there.
他到达那里后必定会给我们打电话。(二)归纳拓展全析考点have no/little/some doubt 对……没有/很少/有一些
怀疑
in doubt 怀疑，拿不定主意
without/beyond doubt 无疑地，必定，当然
There is no doubt that ... 毫无疑问……② The research showed beyond doubt that smoking contributes to heart disease.
这项研究确实表明吸烟会导致心脏病。
② that they will agree with you on this matter.
毫无疑问，他们在这件事上会同意你的。There is no doubt2．rise up against 起义，造反，反抗
(一)背诵佳句培养语感
(教材原句)However, many cities rose up against Alexander, so he led an army to take them back.
然而，许多城市起来反对亚历山大，因此他带领军队收复了这些城市。
(鲜活例句)Rebels rose up against government and began killing people.
叛乱分子反抗政府并滥杀无辜。(二)归纳拓展全析考点rise up 起义
rise to one's feet 站起身①If the government can't maintain the people's right, people will rise up.
如果政府不能维护人民的权利，人民将造反。
②Suddenly he to question the chairman of the meeting.
他突然站起来质询大会主席。rose to his feet3．come down with 患(病)，得(传染性的病)
(一)背诵佳句培养语感
(教材原句)Yet, in 323 BC, he came down with a fever and died.
然而，在公元前323年，他发烧生病去世了。
(鲜活例句)It sounds like you're coming down with the flu. Let me take your temperature.
听起来好像你感染到流感了，让我量量你的体温。(二)归纳拓展全析考点come up with 想出，提出
come across 偶然遇到；被理解，被传达
come about 发生
come out 出现；出版；结果是①No one has come up with a convincing explanation of why dinosaurs died out.
尚未有人能对恐龙的灭绝作出一个令人信服的解释。
②No one knows how the accident .
没有人知道事故是怎样发生的。came about点击下图进入 应用落实即时体验1．[句型展示] When_asked how a statue from distant
Greece could have appeared in China, researchers explained that no doubt this was a result of Alexander the Great's influence.
当被问及来自遥远希腊的塑像怎么会出现在中国时，研究人员解释说，这无疑是亚历山大大帝的影响所致。
[典例背诵]
The letter is to be left here until called for.
这封信留在这儿待领。2．[句型展示] In 334 BC, he took his army, now with
42,000 men, into the Middle East and then Egypt, defeating every army that stood in his path.
公元前334年，他率领当时已达四万两千人的军队进入中东，接着是埃及，兵锋所至，所向披靡。
[典例背诵]
They came into the classroom, talking and laughing.
他们说着笑着走进了教室。In 334 BC, he took his army, now with 42,000 men, into the Middle East and then Egypt, defea-ting every army that stood in his path.
公元前334年，他率领当时已达四万两千人的军队进入中东，接着是埃及，兵锋所至，所向披靡。
现在分词短语defeating every army that stood in his path在此作状语，表示伴随状况。现在分词短语作状语用法说明：①Leaving the airport (＝ When they left the airport), they waved again and again to us.
离开机场时，他们向我们频频挥手。
②Having been knocked down by the rushing bike (＝ Because the old lady had been knocked down by the rushing bike), the old lady couldn't walk any more.
因被那辆飞驰的自行车给撞倒了，这位老太太走不了路了。
③ he didn't lose heart.(＝ Though he had failed many times, he didn't lose heart.)
虽然失败多次，但他并不灰心。Having failed many times,点击下图进入 应用落实即时体验点击下图进入 课时跟踪检测
