高考英语特训——介词语法填空+七选五+完形填空（Word版含答案）

高考英语特训——介词语法填空-说明文（七选五，完形填空）
Ⅰ.单句语法填空(介词)
1．The reason ________ its success is that many audience find their own connection to the movie.
2．My brother's wife is a Japanese, so the name had to sound good ________ Japanese too.
3．A meta analysis of hundreds of studies concluded that the device was “possibly or probably effective” ________ a treatment for depression.
4．Our teachers are all native speakers ________ a lot of experience.
5．They believe they can achieve anything merely ________ clicking a button.
6．In the long run, the advantages of online education extend beyond the students and their employers to the effect ________ the economy.
7．The gentleman who asked about our intention had left his credit card number to pay ________ our order and then walked off.
8．I know that her high standards have helped me stay focused ________ what's important.
9．To make a huge success, a scientist has to be prepared to get ________ deep trouble.
10．Unfortunately, in his twenties, he suffered ________ a disease that couldn't be cured, which was a great challenge for him.
Ⅱ.七选五
2022·全国甲卷 说明文 300词 ★★☆☆☆
Important Things to Know When Dining Out
Cultural dining etiquette (礼节) might surprise you with some of its important rules. 1 . Knowing some tips will help ensure that you have an enjoyable meal with friends or family—no matter where you are in the world.
Chopstick Rules
The way you handle chopsticks is important to avoid annoying your companions. When you put them down between bites, always put them down together so they are parallel with the edge of the table in front of you. 2 .
Hands or Utensils (餐具)
In India and the Middle East, it's considered very rude to eat with your left hand. People in France expect you to eat with a utensil in each hand. 3 ， instead preferring to use their hands. In Chile, you may never touch any food with your fingers. People in Thailand generally use their forks only to push food onto their spoons.
Making Requests
__4__. In Portugal, this would be a serious mistake, because it shows the chef that you don't like their seasoning skills. Similarly, in Italy, never ask for extra cheese to add to your food.
Some of these cultural dining etiquette rules may seem random and strange, but they are important in various countries. 5 ， the more comfortable you'll begin to feel with its foreign cultural practices.
A．The more friends you make in your lifetime
B．The more time you spend in any given country
C．Mexicans consider it inappropriate to eat with utensils
D．Don't get caught making an embarrassing mistake at a restaurant
E．It's a good sign for the chef if you make a mess around your plate
F．Never stick them upright in your food or cross them as you use them
G．It may seem like a simple request to ask for salt and pepper at a meal
Ⅲ.完形填空
2022·1月浙江卷 说明文 246词 ★★☆☆☆
When Beverley Burdeyney turned seventy four last year, she started having problems with her __1__， notably dryness and discomfort.
“I was simply __2__ a terrible experience，” Ms. Burdeyney said at her home in Toronto. “I felt so helpless and insecure because the quality of my __3__ was affected.”
Ms. Burdeyney talked to some friends who had __4__ problems and discovered that they were largely suffering in __5__.“ Nobody chooses to talk about it because it seems so __6__.” she said. “But more and more are suffering and lives are being __7__.”
Eventually, Ms. Burdeyney learned about plans for an eye research __8__ at Tel Aviv University in Israel. The research team __9__ Canadian doctor Allan Slomovic, who has done __10__ work on eye care using stem cells. Seeing a ray of hope, Ms. Burdeyney began raising __11__ for the project with a friend, Toronto businessman Meyer Zeifman. __12__， she has raised $110，000 with another $40，000 __13__.
“I'm trying to get more and more people to __14__ that there are solutions (解决办法)，” said Ms. Burdeyney, a trained nurse who is still working as a personal trainer after __15__.“ I say there is no old __16__， there's only neglect (忽视). Don't stand __17__， do something about it.”
Ms. Burdeyney __18__ that she was hoping to do more for the research project. “I just want to bring __19__ into people's eyes and this is just the __20__. There is still a long way to go.”
1．A.throat B．skin
C．lungs D．eyes
2．A.getting over B．going through
C．holding on D．passing down
3．A.story B．treatment
C．life D．relationship
4．A.similar B．various
C．personal D．special
5．A.turn B．peace
C．vain D．silence
6．A.unbearable B．abnormal
C．insignificant D．disturbing
7．A.compromised B．forgotten
C．substituted D．separated
8．A.course B．program
C．paper D．conference
9．A.informed B．doubted
C．included D．dismissed
10．A.part time B．controversial
C．voluntary D．ground breaking
11．A.money B．standards
C．awareness D．questions
12．A.As ever B．So far
C．In return D．Once again
13．A.wasted B．donated
C．expected D．earned
14．A.imagine B．confirm
C．remember D．understand
15．A.retirement B．childbirth
C．graduation D．marriage
16 .A.time B．rule
C．age D．tale
17．A.straight B．still
C．firm D．alone
18．A.commented B．learned
C．reminded D．added
19．A.light B．joy
C．color D．beauty
20．A.future B．beginning
C．truth D．meaning
答案
Ⅰ.单句语法填空(介词)
1．答案与解析：for　这部电影成功的原因是很多观众发现了他们自己与这部电影之间的联系。the reason for表示“……的理由”，用介词for。
2．答案与解析：in　我哥哥的妻子是日本人，所以这个名字用日语读也必须好听。表示“用……语言”应用介词in。
3．答案与解析：as　对数百项研究的元分析结果是：这台设备可能或很可能会对治疗抑郁有效。此处表示“作为治疗抑郁的一种方法”，故填as。
4．答案与解析：with　我们的老师都是说母语的人，他们的经验很足。with表示“具有；带有”，故填with。
5．答案与解析：by　他们相信他们仅仅通过点击一个按钮就能实现任何事情。表示“通过做某事”用介词by。
6．答案与解析：on　从长远来看，在线教育不仅让学生和他们的雇主受益，还对经济有影响。此处表示“对……的影响”，应用介词on。the effect on sth.意为“对某事的影响”，故填on。
7．答案与解析：for　询问我们的意图的那位绅士留下了他的信用卡号码以支付我们的订单，然后走开了。pay for为固定搭配，意为“为……付款”，故填for。
8．答案与解析：on　我知道她的高标准已经帮助了我专注于重要的事情。focus on为固定搭配，意为“集中于；关注”，故填on。
9．答案与解析：into　为了取得巨大的成功，科学家必须作好深陷困境的准备。get into trouble为固定搭配，意为“陷入困境”，故填into。
10．答案与解析：from　不幸的是，在他二十多岁的时候，他患上了一种无法治愈的疾病，这对他来说是一个巨大的挑战。suffer from为固定搭配，意为“患……病；受……之苦”，故填from。
Ⅱ.七选五
【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一些外出就餐时要知道的一些重要事情。
1．答案与解析：D　根据文章标题“Important Things to Know When Dining Out (外出就餐时要知道的重要事情)”可知，本文主要介绍的是外出就餐时应该知道的重要事情。由此可知，D项“Don't get caught making an embarrassing mistake at a restaurant (不要在餐馆犯尴尬的错误)”符合语境，其中“at a restaurant”对应标题中的“When Dining Out”，同时引起下文“Knowing some tips will help ensure that you have an enjoyable meal with friends or family — no matter where you are in the world. (知道一些技巧将有助于确保你和朋友或家人一起享受一顿愉快的晚餐——无论你在世界的哪个地方)”。故选D。
2．答案与解析：F　根据本段小标题“Chopstick Rules”可知，本段主要讲述的是使用筷子的规则。根据上文“When you put them down between bites, always put them down together so they are parallel with the edge of the table in front of you. (当你在吃的间隙把它们放下来的时候，一定要把它们放在一起，这样它们就和你面前的桌子边缘平行了)”可知，此处讲述了正确使用筷子的方式。由此可知，F项“Never stick them upright in your food or cross them as you use them (不要把它们笔直地插在你的食物中，也不要在使用它们时交叉放置)”讲述的也是使用筷子时的注意事项，符合此处语境，其中“them”指的是上文的“chopsticks”。故选F。
3．答案与解析：C　根据本段小标题“Hands or Utensils (餐具)”可知，本段主要讲述的是手和餐具的问题。根据上文“In India and the Middle East, it's considered very rude to eat with your left hand. People in France expect you to eat with a utensil in each hand. (在印度和中东，用左手吃饭被认为是非常不礼貌的。法国人希望你每只手拿一个餐具吃饭)”及下文“instead preferring to use their hands (相反更愿意使用他们的双手)”可知，此处在讲述不同国家就餐时习惯使用哪只手的问题。由此可知，C项“Mexicans consider it inappropriate to eat with utensils (墨西哥人认为用餐具吃饭是不合适的)”符合语境，与下文形成转折关系。故选C。
4．答案与解析：G　根据本段小标题“Making Requests”可知，本段主要讲述的是用餐时提请求的问题。根据下文“In Portugal, this would be a serious mistake, because it shows the chef that you don't like their seasoning skills. Similarly, in Italy, never ask for extra cheese to add to your food. (在葡萄牙，这将是一个严重的错误，因为这向厨师表明你不喜欢他们的调味技巧。同样，在意大利，永远不要要求在食物中添加额外的奶酪)”可推知，在一些国家，用餐时提出要求是很无礼的。由此可知，G项“It may seem like a simple request to ask for salt and pepper at a meal (吃饭时要盐和胡椒看似很简单)”符合此处语境，其中“request”是关键词，说明，在用餐时提出一些我们看来很平常的要求在某些国家是无礼的。故选G。
5．答案与解析：B　根据下文“the more comfortable you'll begin to feel with its foreign cultural practices. (你就会对它的外国文化习俗感到越舒服)”可推知，此处指在一个国家待得越久，就会越习惯当地习俗，且此处是“the＋比较级，the＋比较级”结构，B项“The more time you spend in any given country (你在某个国家待的时间越长)”符合文意，引出下文。故选B。
Ⅲ.完形填空
语篇类型：说明文'主题语境：人与自我——积极的生活态度——身患眼疾的老太太努力为自己和病友带来光明
【语篇解读】　文章讲述的是患眼疾的老人Burdeyney努力为自己和其他遭受同样问题折磨的人带来光明的故事，传扬了乐观精神和守望相助的大爱。
1．答案与解析：D'根据下文的“Eventually，Ms. Burdeyney learned about plans for an eye research”可知，此处表示Burdeyney女士的眼睛(eyes)开始出问题了。
2．答案与解析：B'此处表示Burdeyney女士正在经历可怕的事情。get over“从疾病(或震惊、断绝关系等)中恢复常态”；go through“经历，遭受”；hold on“固定”；pass down“使世代相传，流传”。
3．答案与解析：C'此处表示她感到很无助和不安，因为她的生活(life)质量受到了影响。treatment“治疗，疗法，诊治”；relationship“关系，联系”。
4．答案与解析：A'此处表示Burdeyney女士和一些有相似(similar)问题的朋友进行了交谈。
various“各种不同的，各种各样的”；personal“个人的，私人的”；special“特殊的，特别的，不寻常的，不一般的”。
5．答案与解析：D'根据下文的“Nobody chooses to talk about it”可知，她发现他们很大程度上都一声不吭地受着折磨。in turn“依次，相应地”；in peace“和平地，安安静静地”；in vain“枉费心机，徒劳无益，白费力气”；in silence“一声不吭地”。
6．答案与解析：C'根据上文的“Nobody chooses to talk about it”和下文的“But more and more are suffering”可知，没人选择谈论它，因为它似乎很微不足道。unbearable“难耐的，无法接受的，难以处理的”；abnormal“不正常的，反常的，变态的，畸形的”；insignificant“微不足道的”；disturbing“引起烦恼的，令人不安的，引起恐慌的”。
7．答案与解析：A'根据上文的“But more and more are suffering and lives are being”可知，越来越多的人在受折磨，而且生活也受到了损害。compromise“损害，使恶化”；substitute“(以……)代替，取代”；separate“(使)分离，分散”。
8．答案与解析：B'根据下文的“the project”可知，此处表示Burdeyney女士了解到一个眼睛研究项目(program)的计划。
9．答案与解析：C'这个研究小组包括加拿大医生Allan Slomovic。inform“知会，通知，通告”；doubt“怀疑，无把握，不能肯定，认为……未必可能”；include“包括，包含”；dismiss“不予考虑，摒弃”。
10．答案与解析：D'根据下文的“Seeing a ray of hope”可知，通过使用干细胞，Allan Slomovic在眼睛护理方面有了开创性的进展。controversial“引起争论的，有争议的”；voluntary“自愿的，志愿的，主动的，自告奋勇的”；ground breaking“开创性的，创新的，革新的”。
11．答案与解析：A'根据下文的“she has raised $110，000 with another $40，000”可知，Burdeyney女士看到了一线希望，于是她开始和一位朋友一起为这个项目筹款。
12．答案与解析：B'迄今为止(So far)，她已经筹集了110 000美元，预计还会有40 000美元。as ever“同往常一样，一如既往”；in return“作为(对……的)回报”；once again“再一次，再次”。
13．答案与解析：C'参见上题解析。waste“浪费，滥用”；donate“(尤指向慈善机构)捐赠，赠送”；expect“预料，预期，预计”；earn“挣得，赚得，挣钱”。
14．答案与解析：D'此处表示她正在努力让越来越多的人明白还是有解决办法的。imagine“想象，设想”；confirm“(尤指提供证据来)证实，证明，确认”；understand“了解，认识到，明了”。
15．答案与解析：A'根据文章开头的“Beverley Burdeyney turned seventy four last year”和空前的“a trained nurse who is still working as a personal trainer after”可知，Burdeyney女士在退休(retirement)后依然当私人教练。
16．答案与解析：C'上文提到Burdeyney女士退休后仍然当私人教练，因此此处表示她认为没有老年这一说。
17．答案与解析：B'根据上文提到的Burdeyney女士的积极行为可知，此处表示不要一动不动地站着，要做点什么。straight“直的”；still“静止的，不动的”；firm“牢固的，稳固的”；alone“独自”。
18．答案与解析：D'Burdeyney女士补充说(added)她希望为这个研究项目做更多的事情。comment“表达意见”；remind“提醒，使想起”。
19．答案与解析：A'上文提到Burdeyney女士有眼疾，再结合空后的“into people's eyes”可知，此处表示她只是想为人们的眼睛带来光明(light)。joy“高兴，愉快，喜悦”；beauty“美，美丽”。
20．答案与解析：B　根据下文的“There is still a long way to go”可知，此处表示这只是开始(beginning)。future“将来，未来”，truth“真相，实情，事实，真实情况”；meaning“(想要表达的)意义，意思”。
语法填空——冠词
考点3 用在序数词前或最高级前
考例 The plum trees are ________ first to flower even as the snow is melting (融化)．
点拨 在序数词first前，要用定冠词the。
考点4 冠词用于固定短语
考例 Unexpectedly, I'm face to face with the gorilla (大猩猩), who begins screaming at ________ top of her lungs.
点拨 at the top of“在……的顶上； 在……的顶点”，为固定搭配， 故填the。