2023年中考英语状语从句课件(共15张PPT)

(共15张PPT)
英语语法
状语从句
状语从句
修饰动词、形容词或副词的从句叫状语从句
He did not go to school yesterday because he was ill.
He is older than Tom is.
状语从句重要原则----主将从现
主将：主句是下列三种情况之一
一般将来时
谓语动词含情态动词
祈使句
从现：从句用一般现在时
The boy will be a writer when he grows up.
Please don’t go to bed before you finish your homework.
When the lights are red, the traffic must stop.
If you study hard, you will pass the exam.
时间状语从句----when和while
while引导的从句，谓语动词只能是延续性动词；
when引导的从句，谓语动词可以是延续性动词，也可以是短暂性动词；
主句和从句的动作同时发生，短暂性动词用一般时态，延续性动词用进行时态；
When I saw him he was decorating his room.
When I got to the top of the mountain, the sun was shining.
主句和从句都是延续性动作，并且两个动作几乎是同时开始，同时结束，那么都用过去进行时；
While he was waiting for the bus, he was reading a newspaper.
When I was doing my homework, my mother was cooking.
主句和从句动作长短不一样，时间长的用进行时态，短的用一般时态；
如果一个动作先发生，在此动作结束前，另一个动作发生了，那么先发生的动作用过去进行时，后发生的动作用一般过去式；
When I saw him he was decorating his room.
It was raining when they left the station.
时间状语从句----until
until表示动作结束的时间;
在肯定句中意为“直到…为止”，主句用延续性动词；
在否定句中意为“直到…才”，主句用短暂性动词；
My mother waited until he came back.我妈妈一直等到他回来。
He didn’t leave until I get home. 他直到我到家才离开。
条件状语从句----if, unless
If：如果
I will go with you if I have spare time.
unless = if … not 除非…
unless已经包含否定意义，所以不需要在后面再加否定句式。
He won’t pass the exam unless he studies harder now.
他不会通过考试，除非他现在更努力地学习。
= He won’t pass the exam if he doesn’t study harder now.
条件状语从句----同义句
祈使句+and/or+简单句
If you work hard, you will pass the exam.
= Work hard, and you will pass the exam.
If you don’t hurry up, you will be late.
= Hurry up, or you will be late.
= Hurry up, and you won’t be late.
用介词with、without简化
If there is no water, the fish will die.
= The fish will die without water.
If you help me, I will finish my work on time.
= I will finish my work on time with your help.
原因状语从句----because, as, since
because：
语气很强，强调原因，用于回答why；
because后面跟句子，because of后面跟名词短语；
He is absent today, because he is ill.
He is absent today because of illness.
because和so不能同时出现在一个句子里面。
since：可译为“既然”，不强调原因；语气弱；放在句首，比as正式；
Since you have read the story, I won’t tell you again.
Since everyone is here, let’s begin our meeting.
as：表示显而易见的原因，语气弱，不强调原因；放在句首
As I was in a hurry, I left my book at home.
As I knew he was ill, I didn’t call him.
结果状语从句----so … that, such … that
结果状语从句翻译成“太…以致于…”，表示主句谓语动作引起的结果；
He spoke so fast that I couldn’t follow him.
他说得太快了，以致于我们跟不上。
He told us such funny stories that we all laughed.
他给我们讲了很有趣的故事，我们都大笑起来。
He is such a good boy that everyone likes him.
= He is so good a boy that everyone likes him.
他是一个非常好的男孩，以致于所有人都喜欢他。
My pencil fell under the desk, so that I couldn’t see it.
It is such good weather that we can go for a picnic.
= The weather is so good that we can go for a picnic.
结果状语从句----so … that, such … that用法
so + adj./adv. + that从句
He spoke so fast that I couldn’t follow him.
so + adj. + a/an + 可数名词单数 + that从句
He is so good a boy that everyone likes him.
such + a/an + adj. + 可数名词单数 + that从句
He is such a good boy that everyone likes him.
such + adj. + 可数名词复数/不可数名词 + that从句
It is such good weather that we can go for a picnic.
如果名词前有many, much, little(表示”小”的时候例外), few等词修饰，只能用so，不能用such;
There are so many deer that they eat up all the roses.
He has so little time that he can’t go to the cinema with you.
结果状语从句----同义句
so…that句型中的that从句是肯定句时，可以和enough…to do句型互换
Peter is so tall that he can reach the apples on the big tree.
= Peter is tall enough to reach the apples on the big tree.
so…that句型中的that从句是否定句时，可以和too…to 句型互换
The boy is so young that he can’t dress himself.
= The boy is too young to dress himself.
目的状语从句----so that, in order that
目的状语从句表示动作的目的，翻译成“为了…”，“以便…”
从句中通常会有can、could、may、might、should等情态动词；
so that不可分开，必须连在一起使用
Say it louder so that everyone can hear you.
=Say it louder in order that everyone can hear you.
He left early so that he could catch the train.
We use computers in order that we may save time.
So that和in order that可以互换
同义句：in order to do
We use computers in order to save time.
让步状语从句
though, although：虽然；不能和but一起使用
Though he is old, he is very happy.
= He is old, but he is very happy.
even if, even though：即使
Even if/though he is poor, she lovesd him.
= He is poor, yet(然而) she loves him.
让步状语从句
no matter +疑问词，疑问词-ever：无论…都…, 不管…都…
No matter what happened, he would not mind.
= Whatever happened, he would not mind.
No matter who you are, you must keep the law.
= Whoever you are, you must keep the law.
注意：这两种句型只有在让步状语从句中可以替换。
whether…not…：不管是…还是…，正反两个方面都不影响主句的意向或结果；
You will have to attend the meeting whether you are free or busy.
Whether you believe it or not, it’s true.
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