新北师大版（2022）选择性必修第三册Unit 8 Literature Lesson 3 20,000 Leagues Under the Sea 语言点课件 共91张PPT

(共91张PPT)
Part D　Lesson 3　20，000 Leagues
Under the Sea
双基夯实·课前排查
Ⅰ.核心单词练习：请根据所给英语单词和词性写出汉意或根据汉意和词性写出正确单词
1．league n. ________________
2．sink v. ________________
3．nevertheless adv. ________________
4．strike v. ________________
n. ________________
5．drown v. ________________
6．________________ n. 鲸
7．________________ n. 武器；兵器
8．________________ v. 弹起；反弹
9．________________ adj. 固体的；坚硬的
10．________________ v. 把……磨亮
里格(相当于3英里或海里)
下沉，沉没
然而，不过；尽管如此
打，击
罢工，打击
(使)淹死
whale
weapon
bounce
solid
polish
Ⅱ.根据下面所给单词，写出对应的派生词
1．violence n．暴力→____________ adj.强烈的，暴力的，强暴的→____________ adv.强烈地，暴力地
2．collection n．收集→____________ v．收集→____________ vt.记起，回忆起→____________ n．想起，记起
3．desperation n．绝望；拼命；不顾一切→____________adj.绝望的，拼命的→____________ adv.拼命地，绝望地
4．ease n．轻易，毫不费力→____________ adj.容易的，轻松的→____________ adv.轻易地，容易地
5．preserve v．保护，维护，保留→____________ n．维护，保护，维持，保存
violent
violently
collect
recollect
recollection
desperate
desperately
easy
easily
preservation
6．conscious adj.有意识的→____________ adj.不省人事的，失去知觉的→____________ n．意识
7．evident adj.清楚的，显而易见的→____________ n．证据，证明→____________ adv.明显地，显然
8．construct vt.建造→____________ n．建筑物；建造物；建造；建筑→____________ n．建筑者，建造者→____________ adj.建设性的
9．day n．白天；日间→____________ n．破晓，黎明
10．be v．是存在→____________ n．生物(尤指人)
unconscious
consciousness
evidence
evidently
construction
constructor
constructive
daybreak
being
The crash was so violent[1] that I have no clear recollection[2] of falling from[3] the boat.【1】 Might I hope to be saved The darkness was intense. I saw a black mass disappearing in the east. It was the boat! I was lost.
【1】本句是复合句。so...that...如此……以至于……，引导结果状语从句。
“Help, help！” I shouted, swimming towards the boat in desperation[4]. I was sinking[5]！ I couldn't breathe！“Help！”My mouth filled with water; I struggled against being drawn deeper, deeper down. Suddenly I felt myself quickly drawn up to the surface of the sea【2】； and I heard these words：“If master would be so good as to hold onto[6] my shoulder, master would swim with much greater ease[7].” I grabbed[8] my faithful Conseil's arm with one hand.
【2】本句是简单句，含有“feel＋宾语＋宾补”结构，宾补是过去分词，表示被动。
“Is it you？” said I.
“Myself，” answered Conseil.
“That crash threw you as well as[9] me into the sea？”
“No; but, being in my master's service, I followed him.”
Conseil was cool and calm. Nevertheless[10]， our situation was no less[11] terrible. Near one o'clock in the morning, I suddenly felt terribly tired. Conseil had to keep me up[12]，and our preservation[13] depended on[14] him alone. “Leave me! Leave me！” I said to him.
“Never！” replied he. “I would drown[15] first.”
“Help! Help！” cried Conseil. It seemed to me as if a cry answered him. 【3】 There was no mistake! A human voice responded to[16] ours! Then, I know not why, the thought of the strange, terrible animal came into my head for the first time[17]！【4】
But that voice! I had almost no strength left; my fingers could hardly move; my mouth, opening and closing, filled with salt water. I became colder and colder. I raised my head for the last time, then I sank.
【3】本句是复合句。as if引导表语从句。It seemed to sb. as if...对某人来说似乎……。
【4】本句是复合句。why引导宾语从句。
At this moment a hard body struck[18] me. I held onto it; then I felt that I was being drawn up, that I was brought to the surface of the water, that my chest[19] collapsed—my eyes closed, unconscious[20]【5】. I soon woke up[21], and half opened my eyes. I saw a face which I immediately recognised.“Ned！” I cried.
“The same, sir！” replied the Canadian.
“Were you thrown into the sea when the boat crashed？”
“Yes, Professor, but more fortunate than you, I was able to find safety almost immediately upon this island in the sea. Or, more correctly speaking, on this large whale[22]. Only I soon found out why my weapon[23] had not entered its skin, but bounced[24] off.”
“Why, Ned, why？”
“Because that creature is made of[25] steel[26].” I moved myself quickly to the top of the being[27], and kicked it. It was evidently[28] a hard, solid[29] body. The black back that supported me was smooth, polished[30], nothing like[31] an animal.【6】 The blow produced a sound of metal; and, incredible though it may be, it seemed as if it was made of metal plates【7】. This monster was a human construction[32].We were lying upon the back of a sort of underwater boat. I searched all over the outside for an opening, a hole, but found nothing.
At last this long night passed. Daybreak[33] appeared. Suddenly a noise came from inside the boat. One iron plate was moved, a man appeared, uttered[34] an odd cry, and disappeared immediately. Some moments after, eight strong men, their faces covered, appeared noiselessly[35], and drew us down into their incredible machine.【8】
【6】本句是复合句。that引导定语从句，修饰先行词The black back。
【7】本句是复合句。incredible though it may be是though引导的让步状语从句，且是一个部分倒装句。as if引导宾语从句。
【8】本句是简单句。谓语是appeared和drew。their faces covered是“名词＋过去分词”构成的独立主格结构。
撞击实在是太猛烈(violent)了，我不清楚自己是怎么从船上摔下来的。我会被救起吗？夜色黑沉，我看到一大块黑东西在东方渐渐消失了。那是我们的船！我被丢下了。
“救命啊，救命啊！”我大喊着，绝望(desperation)地朝船游去。我要沉下(sink)去了！我透不过气了！“救命啊！”海水灌进嘴里，我挣扎着不让自己越沉越深。突然，我感觉自己被快速地拉出海面，我听见有人说：“如果主人能抓牢我的肩膀，主人会游得轻松(ease)很多。”我用一只手抓住(grab)忠仆康塞尔的胳膊。
“是你吗？”我问。
“正是我。”康塞尔回答。
“你也是因为刚才的撞击掉下来的？”
“不是。为了服侍先生，我就跟着下来了。”
康塞尔很冷静。不过(nevertheless)，我们的处境仍旧很糟糕。将近凌晨一点，我突然感到极度疲惫。康塞尔不得不托着我，保全(preservation)我们两个人生命的重担全落在他一人身上。“放开我吧！别管我了！”我对他说。
“不行！要沉下去也是我先沉。”他答道。
“救命啊！救命啊！”康塞尔喊道。我似乎隐约听到有人回应他。没错！是有个人在回应！然后，不知道为什么我第一次想到那个奇怪的、可怕的动物！可是那人声不假！我的力气已经消耗殆尽，手指变得僵硬；我的嘴一张一合，灌满了又咸又苦的海水，我越来越冷。我最后一次抬起头来，之后便沉了下去。
就在这时，一个坚硬的东西撞(strike)了我一下。我紧紧地抓住了它；接着，我觉得有人往上拉我，把我拉出了水面，我的胸部(chest)不胀了——我眼睛紧闭，失去了知觉(unconscious)。我很快就苏醒过来，半睁开眼睛，看到一张面孔立马就认了出来。“奈德！”我喊道。
“正是我，先生！”加拿大人答道。
“你也是撞击时坠入海里的吗？”
“是的，教授，但情形比您好一些，我落水后不久就脱险了，遇到了海里的这个小岛。或者更准确地说，是在这条大鲸鱼(whale)身上。不过，我很快就明白了，为什么武器(weapon)刺不穿它的皮肤，而是被弹开(bounce)。”
“为什么呢，奈德，究竟是为什么呢？”
“因为这个生物是钢铁(steel)做的。”我迅速地爬到了它的上面，踢了一脚。显然(evidently)，这是一个坚硬(solid)、结实的物体。在我脚下黑色的背脊精光(polished)溜滑，一点也不像动物。撞击时，这东西发出金属的声音：虽然听起来不可思议，但它似乎就像用铁板做成的。这个怪物是人造(construction)的。我们正躺在一只潜水船的背上。我四处查找，试图找到开口、气孔，但什么也没有。终于，漫漫长夜过去了，天亮(daybreak)了。突然船内传来一阵响声，一块钢板被掀了起来，出来一个人。这人怪叫一声(utter)，立刻又消失不见了。过了一会儿，八个壮汉蒙着脸，一声不响地出现了，把我们拖进了他们那不可思议的机器里。
Ⅲ.课文语法填空
The crash was so violent that I didn't recall how I fell from the boat. The darkness was intense. I saw a black mass 1.___________ (disappear) in the east. It was the boat! I was lost. I cried for help, swimming towards the boat in 2.___________ (desperate). I was struggling against 3.__________ (draw) deeper, deeper down when someone caught me by 4.________ arm. The man was Conseil.
Conseil was cool and calm. Nevertheless, our situation was no less terrible. Conseil had to keep me up, and our 5.___________ (preserve) depended on him alone. I asked him to leave me, but he refused. Conseil kept crying for help. Suddenly, it seemed to me as if a cry answered him.
disappearing
desperation
being drawn
the
preservation
There was no mistake! A human voice responded to ours! At this moment, a hard body 6.________ (strike) me. I held onto it; then I felt that I was being drawn up, that I was brought to the surface of the water. Then I was 7.__________(conscious). When I woke up again, a familiar face appeared before me, 8.________ I immediately recognised.“Ned！” I cried.
Ned told us that he found a strange creature made of steel. It was 9.________ (evident) a hard, solid body. We found there was no opening on its surface. We were wondering 10.________ eight strong men, their faces covered, appeared noiselessly. We were drawn into their incredible machine.
struck
unconscious
which
evidently
when
核心突破·要点讲解
2.desperation n．绝望；拼命，不顾一切
(教材P36)“Help, help！” I shouted, swimming towards the boat in desperation.
“救命啊，救命啊！”我大喊着，绝望地朝船游去。
in desperation 绝望地
out of desperation 出于绝望
desperate adj. 绝望的；拼命的；非常需要；渴望
be desperate for 极渴望……
be desperate to do sth. 极渴望做某事；不顾一切地做某事
in desperate need of 迫切需要
desperately adv. 绝望地；拼命地；非常
即学即练　单句语法填空
①She experienced the ___________ (desperate) felt by most victims of violence.
②Peter left New York ________ desperation.
③The victims were __________ (desperate) in need of food, water and shelter.
④He is desperate ________ a job so as to support his family.
⑤Out ________ desperation, the girl gave up her high school education.
完成句子
⑥When hearing the bad news, he went blank and cried _____________________(绝望地).
⑦The little boy ________________ (极渴望有) access to education.
⑧She _____________ (极渴望) a good job with a high salary.
desperation
in
desperately
for
of
in desperation/desperately
is desperate to have
is desperate for
4.ease n．轻易，毫不费劲；舒适；安逸；自在　v．减轻(痛苦、忧虑)
(教材P36)If master would be so good as to hold onto my shoulder, master would swim with much greater ease.如果主人能抓牢我的肩膀，主人会游得轻松很多。
(1)with ease 轻易地，毫不费力地(作状语)
at ease 舒适，快活，自由自在(指在“轻松、舒适”的状态下，作表语或宾语补足语)
feel at ease 感到自在
look at ease 看上去心情放松
put sb. at ease 使某人放松/舒适/自在
take one's ease 休息，轻松一下
(2)ease the pain 减轻痛苦
ease one's mind 宽慰某人
Alice passed the driving test with ease.艾丽斯很容易地通过了驾照考试。
I do think I can make continuous progress with ease if I keep on working hard like this.
我的确认为如果我继续像这样努力工作，我可以轻松地不断进步。
即学即练　单句语法填空
①Now he can set his mind ________ ease because he has passed the exam ________ ease.
②In my opinion, it is not ________ (ease) for him to persuade his brother to join us.
③After singing she noticed that she could also breathe more ________ (easy).
④Of course, not all women feel ________ ease talking about childbirth with men.
⑤Nancy was so intelligent that she solved the problem ________ (easy).
⑥He can keep pace with his parents ________ ease though he is only six years old.
at
with
easy
easily
at
easily
with
7.strike v．&n.
(教材P37)At this moment a hard body struck me.就在这时，一个坚硬的东西撞了我一下。
(1)vi.&vt.打，击，撞；突然发生不幸；打动；敲；(疾病)侵袭，爆发；突然想到；突然袭击
sth. strike(s) sb.＝sb. strike(s) on sth. 某人突然想到……
It strikes sb. that...(＝It hits sb. that.../It occurs to sb. that.../It comes to one's mind that...) 某人突然想到……
strike sb. on the head 打某人的头
be struck by/on/with 被……打动
The powerful typhoon struck the town last week.强台风上周袭击了这个城镇。
Why did you strike me on the head？你为什么打我的头？
(2)n.罢工；打击；袭击
on strike 罢工(表示状态)
go on strike 进行罢工(表示动作)
The taxi drivers are now on strike, so we will take the subway.
出租车司机正在罢工，因此我们将乘地铁。
即学即练　写出下列句中strike的意思
①When my father came back, the clock struck twelve. ________
②Henry struck his sister on the head. ________
③The small town was struck by a strange disease. ________
④Suddenly it struck him that he had missed a good chance.________
⑤Are you willing to participate in the strike？________
敲
打
侵袭
突然想到
罢工
一句多译
我突然意识到对一位女性来说在那时得到教育是多么难。
⑥Suddenly ___________how difficult it was for a woman to get education at that time.
⑦Suddenly ________how difficult it was for a woman to get education at that time.
⑧Suddenly ______________ how difficult it was for a woman to get education at that time.
⑨Suddenly ________________ how difficult it was for a woman to get education at that time.
it struck me
it hit me
it occurred to me
it came to my mind
10.evidently adv.明显地，显然　evident adj.显然的，显而易见的　
evidence n．根据，证明，证据
(教材P37)It was evidently a hard, solid body.显然，这是一个坚硬、结实的物体。
have evidence 有证据
find evidence 找到证据
good/clear/strong/hard evidence 充分的/明显的/有力的/确凿的证据
medical/scientific evidence 医学/科学证据
It is evident that... 显然……
Evidently, the ship is sinking so he yelled at the persons on board to look out.
显然，船要沉没了，所以他对船上的人大喊，让他们小心。
She was evidently upset by what she saw.她显然对所见到的事情感到不快。
教师提醒：
evidence后常跟that引导的同位语从句。
There is some evidence that a small amount of alcohol is good for you.有证据显示，少量饮酒有益健康。
The lawyer asked them to keep the evidence in case.律师要求他们保留证据以防万一。
即学即练　单句语法填空
①________ (evident), the position they advertised on the Internet has attracted many applicants.
②________ is evident that security of the preservation of the company property is of great importance.
③The newly-found ________ (evident) brought hope to the lawyer.
④She walked slowly down the road, ________ (evident) in pain.
⑤There is clear evidence ________ smoking resulted in heart disease.
⑥“That is only evidence ________ traditions once existed，” he said.
完成句子
⑦______________(很明显)the boy is of high intelligence though disabled.
＝_________ (很明显), the boy is of high intelligence though disabled.
Evidently
It
evidence
evidently
that
that
It is evident that
Evidently
6.preservation n．维护；保护；保持，维持；保存
(教材P36)Conseil had to keep me up, and our preservation depended on him alone.
康塞尔不得不托着我，保全我们两个人生命的重担全落在他一人身上。
preserve vt. 保护，维护，保留；保存；保养；保鲜
preserve...from (doing) sth. 保护……免受……
preserve the forest 保护森林
preserve the peace 维护和平
preserve sth. for... 为……而保存某事物
即学即练　单句语法填空
①Some people lack the basic knowledge of ___________ (preserve).
②It is her job __________ (preserve) historical and cultural artifacts.
③At minus 130 ℃， a living cell can ____________ (preserve) for a thousand years.
完成句子
④It is without disbelief that it is our duty to __________________ (保护世界和平).
preservation
to preserve
be preserved
preserve world peace
5.grab vt.攫取，抓住；利用，抓住(机会)；抢占　n．抓取　
(教材P36)I grabbed my faithful Conseil's arm with one hand.
我用一只手抓住忠仆康塞尔的胳膊。
grab sb.'s arm＝grab sb. by the arm＝grab the arm of sb.
抓住某人的手臂
grab sb. by the collar 抓住某人的衣领
grab the chance/opportunity 抓住机会
grab sth. from sb./sth. 从……夺取某物
grab at/for sth. (试图)抓住/夺得某物
make a grab for/at sth. 抓取某物
be up for grabs 供人竟购的，可供争夺的
I managed to grab her hand.＝I managed to
我抓到了她的手。
I grabbed the dog by the neck.＝I grabbed
我掐住了那条狗的脖子。
I grabbed his hand, but he shook me loose violently.我抓住了他的手，但他使劲挣脱了。
即学即练　单句语法填空
①The boy ________ (grab) the hands of his teacher and gave her a small gift.
②Henry grabbed me ________ the arm and asked me if I could fetch a book from the shelf for him.
③The thief grabbed the bag away ________ the woman, and disappeared at the corner.
④The job is ________ for grabs, why don't you apply now
⑤The thief made _______ grab _______ my bag but I pushed him away.
grabbed
by
from
up
a
at/for
完成句子
⑥Rose ______________________________(抓住了这个好机会) to improve her Chinese.
⑦The thief could not escape, as I ______________________ (抓住了他的衣领).
grabbed the good chance/opportunity
grabbed him by the collar
9.bounce vi.&vt. (使)弹起，(使)反弹　bouncer n．门卫，保镖
(教材P37)Only I soon found out why my weapon had not entered its skin, but bounced off.
不过，我很快就明白了，为什么武器刺不穿它的皮肤，而是被弹开。
bounce off 弹开；从……弹开
bounce back 弹回；恢复健康；振作起来；恢复元气；重整旗鼓
The ball bounced twice before it entered the basket.球弹了两次才进了篮筐。
The ball bounced off the table.球从桌子上弹开。
He was very sad after he lost the match, but bounced back soon.
他输了比赛后很伤心，但很快就振作起来了。
The light bounced off the river and dazzled her.河面上银波粼粼，令她目眩。
即学即练　单句语法填空
①Drops of water either sit on the surface of the leaves or bounce ________．
②He is young enough to bounce ________ from this disappointment.
完成句子
③He was unconscious from falling down on the icy ground, but ____________ (恢复过来) soon afterwards.
④The ball __________ (弹开) the post and into the goal.
off
back
bounced back
bounced off
12.construction n．建筑物；建造物；建造，建筑
(教材P37)This monster was a human construction.这个怪物是人造的。
under construction(＝being constructed) 在建设中(表示被动含义)
the construction of an airport 机场的建造
the road construction 道路修建
the construction industry 建筑业
a modern construction 一幢现代建筑
Work has begun on the construction of the new airport.新机场的修建已经开工。
The building the local government sponsors for the elderly is under construction.
当地政府资助的养老院正在建设中。
construct vt. 建造；修筑；组成
constructor n. 建造者；制造者；建造商
The workers spent less than five years constructing Beijing Daxing International Airport.
工人们花了不到五年的时间建造了北京大兴国际机场。
归纳拓展：
“under＋n.”常表示正在进行的动作，而且包含被动含义，相当于进行时的被动语态。
under discussion在讨论中
under consideration在考虑中
under repair在维修中
under control被控制住
under treatment在治疗中
under examination在审查中
即学即练　单句语法填空
①The local government raised large sums for highway ____________ (construct).
②The new library is ________ construction at present.
③The ___________ (construct) has agreed to reduce the price of the apartment.
完成句子
④Be patient. The programme is _______________(在讨论中).
⑤Aside from the three teaching buildings, our library is _______________ (在建设中) at the same time.
⑥The proposal he put forward that we should take effective measures to improve the management of the department is ________________ (在考虑中).
construction
under
constructor
under discussion
under construction
under consideration
13.recollection n．想起，记起；记忆力，回忆；回忆的事物　collection n．收藏品，收集物　collect v．收集；收藏　recollect vt.想起，回忆起
(教材P36)The crash was so violent that I have no clear recollection of falling from the boat.
撞击实在是太猛烈了，我不清楚自己是怎么从船上摔下来的。
have a recollection of 记得
have no recollection of 记不起
to the best of my recollection 如果我没记错的话
within one's recollection 在某人的记忆中
recollect one's childhood/sb.'s name 回忆起童年时代/某人的名字
recollect sth./doing sth. 回忆起某事/做某事
as far as I can recollect 就我记忆所及/据我回忆
即学即练　单句语法填空
①My __________ (recollect) of events differs ________ hers.
②I have no recollection ________ what happened that day.
③He has amazing powers ________ recollection and can recollect all the things that happened in the past.
④The old letters brought back many happy __________ (recollect).
⑤Such a problem has never arisen ________ my recollection.
⑥As far as I can ________ (recollection), he wasn't there at that time.
完成句子
⑦He likes _____________ (集邮).
recollection
from
of
of
recollections
within
recollect
stamp collection
15.struggle n．&v.斗争，拼搏
(教材P36)I struggled against being drawn deeper, deeper down.我挣扎着不让自己越沉越深。
a struggle
a struggle for survival 为生存而奋斗
struggle to do sth. 努力做某事
struggle for sth. 努力争取某物
struggle with/against... 同……搏斗
struggle to one's feet 挣扎着站起来
struggle with illness 与疾病斗争
struggle for rights/justice/equality 为权利/正义/平等而斗争
相关知识链接：
compete
fight
be
即学即练　单句语法填空
①There were the sounds ________ a desperate struggle.
②The group supported the armed struggle ________ the dictator (独裁者).
③One of the guards was hurt _____ the struggle __________ the robbers.
④She struggled ________ her ________ (foot) and set off after him.
⑤For years, she struggled ________ make ends meet.
⑥He was hit ________ the mouth as he struggled ________ the raiders (抢劫者).
of
against
in
with/against
to
feet
to
in
with
18.drown vi.&vt.(使)淹死，(使)溺毙　drowning adj.溺水的，遇溺的　drowned adj.淹死的
(教材P36)“Never！” replied he. “I would drown first.”
“不行！要沉下去也是我先沉。”他答道。
drown oneself 投水自杀；沉浸于
drown oneself in sth. 致力于某事，忙于某事
drown one's troubles in drink 借酒浇愁
drown one's sorrows in drink 借酒浇愁
drown...out 淹没(声音)
drown sb. out (洪水)使某人无家可归
the drowning man 快要淹死的人
the drowned man 已经淹死的人
即学即练　完成句子
①多年来，他一直致力于英国文学作品的研究。
For years he has ________________the study of English literary works.
单句语法填空
②The boy fell into the river and ______________ (drown) to death last night.
③The loud cheers drowned ________ his shouts.
④Many families __________ (drown) out when the river burst its banks.
⑤She drown ________ (her) in the river.
⑥The ship sank within minutes, ________ (drown) all the passengers ________ board.
drowned himself in
(was) drowned
out
were drowned
herself
drowning
on
5.hold onto 紧紧抓住……
(教材P36)If master would be so good as to hold onto my shoulder, master would swim with much greater ease.如果主人能抓牢我的肩膀，主人会游得轻松很多。
hold back 阻止，阻挡；抑制，控制(感情等)；隐瞒
hold on 别挂断电话；等会儿；坚持住
hold on to 紧紧抓住
hold up 支撑，举起；延迟，阻碍
hold out 伸出(手)；维持，坚持
The police held back the crowd.警察挡住了人群。
If they had not held him back, he would have beaten you black and blue.
如果他们不阻挡住他，他已经把你打得遍体鳞伤了。
My child holds on to my hand tightly while we cross the street.
横穿马路时，孩子紧紧抓住我的手不放。
Seeing her son again after two years' absence, Mother held out her arms to embrace him.
离家两年再见到儿子时，母亲张开双臂拥抱他。
Hold up your right hand.把右手举起来。
归纳拓展：
lose one's hold on...松开/失去对……的掌控
即学即练　完成句子
①No one can __________ (阻挡) the wheel of history.
②Jim was able to _________ (抑制/控制) his anger and avoid a fight.
③________ (等会儿)! I'd like some of that apple-pie too, you know!
④You should __________ (握紧) your oil shares and don't sell them out!
⑤我很想伸手去拿那个玩具玩，但幸好被商店的橱窗挡住了。
I had a strong desire to reach in and play with the toy, but was _________ thankfully by the shop window.
⑥为了证明这一点，她举起一根筷子，代表一个人。
To show this, she ________ one chopstick representing one person.
hold back
hold back
Hold on
hold on to
held back
held up
第三版块：典型句式
1．so...that... 如此……以至于……
(教材P36)The crash was so violent that I have no clear recollection of falling from the boat.
撞击实在是太猛烈了，我不清楚自己是怎么从船上摔下来的。
[句式分析]　本句是一个复合句，so...that...引导结果状语从句。
The film is so impressive that I'd like to see it a second time.
这部电影太打动人心了，我想再看一遍。
[归纳拓展]　so＋ ＋that...
My mother is so stubborn that I can never persuade her to give in.
我的母亲很固执，我从来不能说服她让步。
We had so little time that we couldn't finish the work on schedule.
我们的时间那么少，以至于我们不能按时完成那项工作。
【学法点拨】
such＋ ＋that...
易混比较：
so＋形容词＋a(n)＋可数名词单数＝such＋a(n)＋形容词＋可数名词单数

so reliable a person＝such a reliable person如此值得信任的一个人

经典例句：
She bought such beautiful curtains that the room looks more beautiful.
她买了这么漂亮的窗帘，房间看起来更漂亮了。
It is such nice weather that more and more people are wandering in the garden.
天气这么好，越来越多的人在花园里闲逛。
即学即练　单句语法填空
①At one point we were so high ________ we found ourselves cycling through clouds.
②The poet was ________ upset that he wandered around the lake for a long time and wrote a famous poem.
③The vases the skilled workers made are so polished ________ they attract more and more customers.
④She is ________ an intelligent girl that she can deal with such kind of problems well.
⑤It is such useful information ________ the lawyer sighed with relief.
⑥You can't imagine that ________ little birds can eat ________ many insects in ________ a short time.
that
so
that
such
that
such
so
such
完成句子
⑦It was ___________ (如此吵闹以至于) we couldn't hear ourselves speak.
⑧He ____________ (跑得如此快以至于) nobody could catch up with him.
⑨It was ______________________ (如此热的一天) that nobody could focus their attention on work.
⑩It is ________________ (如此阴的天气) that I feel a little blue.
so noisy that
ran so fast that
such a hot day/so hot a day
such cloudy weather
2．so...as to do... 如此……以至于……
(教材P36)If master would be so good as to hold onto my shoulder, master would swim with much greater ease.如果主人能抓牢我的肩膀，主人会游得轻松很多。
[句式分析]　句中的so...as to do...意为“如此……以至于……”，作状语表示结果。so修饰形容词或副词。
Martin was so good as to help me solve the tricky problem.
马丁如此好，帮我解决了那个棘手的问题。
Will you be so kind as to help the elderly in our neighbourhood to do a cleaning with me today？你能好心今天和我一起帮我们小区的老人做大扫除吗？
[归纳拓展]　
(1)表示结果的句型：
so that 因此；所以
so...that.../such...that... 如此……以至于……
(2)表示目的的用法：
in order to/so as to...
in order to可以放在句首或句中，否定形式是in order not to。
so as to不放在句首，否定形式是so as not to。
in order that/so that可引导目的状语从句，从句中常含有can, may, could, might等情态动词。
经典例句：
He sat at the corner so that he survived the accident.
他坐在角落里，所以在事故中幸存了下来。
The librarian got to the library ten minutes early so that he could arrange the books on the shelf.
图书馆管理员提前十分钟到了图书馆，以便整理书架上的书。
即学即练　单句语法填空
①Mr Smith was so generous ________ to give away many medical masks, protective suits to the hospitals.
②Cathy had quit her job when her son was born so as ________ (stay) home and raise her family.
③She tried to slide into the room so as not __________ (see) by other people.
as
to stay
to be seen
句型转换
④In order to see it clearly, he put on his glasses.
＝He put on his glasses _______________________________________
__________________________________________________________．
⑤The suit he wore was so decent as to earn him respect at the party.
＝The suit he wore was ____________ it earned him respect at the party.
＝The suit he wore was decent _______ it earned him respect at the party.
in order to see it clearly/so as to see it clearly/in order that he could see it clearly/so that he could see it clearly
so decent that
so that
3．as if引导的从句
(教材P36)It seemed to me as if a cry answered him.我似乎隐约听到有人回应他。
[句式分析]　句中的“It seemed to sb. as if...”是固定句型，意为“对某人来说似乎……”
句中的as if＝as though，意为“好像；似乎”。引导表语从句时，常跟在look, seem, taste, smell, sound等词后。它引导的从句所表示的情况是事实或具有很大可能性时，用陈述语气。若用虚拟语气，as if从句中的谓语如下表所示：
与现在事实不符 过去式(be动词常用were)
与过去事实不符 had＋过去分词
与将来事实不符 would/could/might/should＋动词原形
Black clouds are dissipating. It seems as if it is going to be a fine day.
乌云正在消散，看起来似乎要晴天了。(陈述语气)
Professor Yang continued to speak as if nothing had happened.
杨教授继续发言，好像什么也没发生一样。(虚拟语气，与过去事实相反)
It seemed as if the world were at an end！似乎到了世界末日！(虚拟语气，与现在事实相反)
He talked so confidently as if he could fly to the moon tomorrow.
他说得那么自信，好像他明天就能飞到月球上去似的。(虚拟语气，与将来事实相反)
误区警示：
as if/though引导的从句有时可用省略形式as if/though＋to do/doing。
She stood at the door as if waiting for someone.
她站在门口，好像在等人。
He opened his mouth as if to say something.
他张开嘴，好像要说什么。
即学即练　单句语法填空
①The kids were very friendly with her and even looked up to her as if she ________ (be) their own mother.
②Susan was walking up and down on the playground as if ________ (search) for something.
③Jack wasn't saying anything, but the teacher smiled at him as if he ________ (do) something very clever.
were
searching
had done
完成句子
④He described the characters in the novel ________________________ (好像他见过他们) face to face.
⑤He talks about Rome as if he ________ (去过) there before.
⑥Their personal life was regularly discussed by people who did not know them but talked ___________________________(好像他们是亲密的朋友).
⑦Eliza记得一切，就像昨天发生的一样。
Eliza remembers everything ___________________________．
⑧他似乎非常匆忙。
___________ he is in a terrible hurry.
as if/though he had met them
had been
as if/though they were close friends
as if/though it happened yesterday
It seems as if
4.though引导的让步状语从句
(教材P37)．..incredible though it may be, it seemed as if it was made of metal plates.
……虽然听起来不可思议，但它似乎就像用铁板做成的。
[句式分析]　本句是复合句。incredible though it may be是让步状语从句，用了倒装语序。此类倒装句中，常将从句中的表语、状语甚至谓语动词的一部分置于句首。
Difficult though the task is, we'll try our best to complete it in time.
虽然这项任务很困难，但我们会尽最大努力按时完成。
Much though I liked the car, I couldn't afford it.虽然我很喜欢这辆车，但我买不起它。
Try though he might, he didn't catch up with our monitor.
虽然他可能尽力了，但他没赶上我们的班长。
误区警示：
(1)引导让步状语从句时，as须用倒装句；though可用倒装句，也可不用；although不用倒装句。
(2)当表语为可数名词单数时，放在句首，其前不加冠词。
Scientist as he is, he is very humorous.虽然他是一名科学家，但他很幽默。
即学即练　单句语法填空
①Strange ________ it might seem, he remained silent all through the meeting.
②________________ it is raining heavily, they are still working in the field.
完成句子
③__________________ (虽然她很累)，she still read bedtime stories for her children.(用倒装语序)
④________________________(虽然亨利可能尽力了), he didn't pass the examination.(用倒装语序)
as/though
Although/Though
Tired as/though she was
Try as/though Henry might
选词填空(as/though/although)
⑤Young _________ the journalist is, he has a good nose for news.
⑥________________ he is disabled, he never loses heart and has made up his mind to earn his own living.
⑦Child ________ he is, he can dance aside from singing.
as/though
Although/Though
as/though
5.独立主格结构
(教材P37)Some moments after, eight strong men, their faces covered, appeared noiselessly, and drew us down into their incredible machine.过了一会儿，八个壮汉蒙着脸，一声不响地出现了，把我们拖进了他们那不可思议的机器里。
[句式分析]　本句是简单句。主干为：eight strong men appeared and drew...。句中的their faces covered是“名词＋过去分词”构成的独立主格结构，their faces与cover之间是被动关系。
构成 名词/代词＋
功能 在句中作状语，表示时间、条件、原因、方式、伴随等
注意 (1)独立主格结构的逻辑主语与句子的主语不同
(2)
The boy left, his eyes filled with tears.那个男孩离开了，眼里充满了泪水。
The journalist rushed into the office, some photos in hand.
这位记者手里拿着几张照片冲进了办公室。
The storm (being) over, everything was in peace again.暴风雨过去了，一切又恢复了平静。
We'll set off tomorrow, weather permitting.天气允许的话，我们明天动身。
教师提醒：
“独立主格结构”的句法功能与“with复合结构”的句法功能相同，可以相互转换，翻译时也没有什么不同。如：
①Work done, the boy went home.
＝With work done, the boy went home.
做完了功课，男孩儿回家了。
②Weather permitting, we will go outing.
＝With the weather to permit, we will go outing.
天气允许的话，我们将去郊游。
③Nobody following, I escaped away.
＝With nobody following, I escaped away.
无人跟踪，我逃走了。
即学即练　单句语法填空
①Bats are surprisingly long-lived creatures, some ________ (have) a lifespan of around 20 years.
②Weather _________ (permit), the construction will be completed at the end of this week.
③Many things ________ (settle), the manager looks worried.
④All the homework ________ (do), you can have a rest.
⑤Nobody ________ (feel) content with the advertising budget, it was cut.
⑥There ________ (be) no bus, we had to walk home.
⑦He was working quietly, all his attention ________ (focus) on the task.
⑧Everything ________ (take) into consideration, his plan seems to be more workable.
having
permitting
to settle
done
feeling
being
focused
taken
1.我突然感到极度疲惫以至于手指变得僵硬。
I suddenly felt so terribly tired that my fingers could hardly move.
2.那个男孩离开了，眼里充满了泪水。
The boy left, his eyes filled with tears.
3.他如此努力地学英语，以至于没有人能赶得上他。
He studied English so hard that nobody could catch up with him.
4.天气允许的话，我们明天动身。
We'll set off tomorrow, weather permitting.
夯实基础·一遍落实
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．____________ (不过), I still want to try such a challenging but absorbing task.
2．The department was set up to ________(保护) endangered species from extinction.
3．It was announced that dolphins sometimes could be likely to save ________ (溺水的) swimmers.
4．The central issue in the ________(罢工) was the preservation of jobs.
5．I thought he was very attractive and ________(明显地) very intelligent.
Nevertheless
preserve
drowning
strike
evidently
6．When potassium is added to water, a ________(强烈的) chemical reaction takes place.
7．She had no __________(想起，记起) of sending the emails until she received the response from the employer.
8．In __________ (绝望), he ran to the city and went straight to the courthouse to report the robbery to the administration.
9．Multiple types of boats were pressed into service to rescue passengers from the ________ (下沉) ferry.
10．This is my big chance and it is essential to ________(抓住) it with both hands.
violent
recollection
desperation
sinking
grab
Ⅱ.短语填空
at ease, in desperation, depend on, respond to, be made of, come across, under construction, be conscious of, hold back, out of breath
1．When he ran at a high pace and finally got on the train, he was ___________．
2．____________， the husband took out a five-dollar bill and waved it above the crowd.
3．The salesman ______________ the fact that he must increase sales.
4．We must ________ well-founded criticism with willingness to change.
out of breath
In desperation
is unconscious of
respond to
5．Once upon a time, a young man __________ a decent spring of clear water while crossing the desert.
6．Some historical buildings ____________ wood and have perished.
7．The new international airport is still ________________ and it will bring financial benefits.
8．Farmers evidently ________ produce in the hope that prices will rise.
9．Before compass was invented, sailors had to ________ the stars to find direction.
10．He didn't feel completely ________ before his teacher although he was fascinated with his lessons.
came across
were made of
under construction
hold back
depend on
at ease
Ⅲ.单句语法填空
1．For one thing, the overall development over the past decades has been so ________ (strike) that they feel eager to familiarise themselves with what is going on in China.
2．...it means we have the chance to obtain information about how the moon ________ (construct).
答案与解析：striking　句意：一方面，过去几十年的整体发展是如此惊人，以至于他们渴望熟悉中国正在发生的事情。
答案与解析：is constructed　句意：……这意味着我们有机会获得关于月球构造的信息。分析句子结构可知，此处是how引导的宾语从句的谓语，从句主语the moon与construct之间为被动关系，并且强调一个事实，故要用一般现在时的被动语态。
3．I always read, using different voices, as though I ________ (act) out the stories with my voice and they loved it!
4．When fat and salt are removed from food. the food tastes as ________ it is missing something.
答案与解析：were acting　句意：我总是用不同的声音念书，就好像我在用我的声音表演故事，他们很喜欢这样！as though好像，仿佛；此处是虚拟语气，叙述与现在事实相反的事情，并且表示动作正在进行，故用were doing。
答案与解析：if/though　as if/though好像；似乎。句意：当脂肪和盐从食物中去除时，食物尝起来就好像它缺少了什么。
5．________ (depend) on which role you choose, you could help to increase a community's access to safe drinking water, or help to protect valuable local cultures.
6．But Smith ________ (strike) mainly by the fact that she didn't truly grasp any of the skills the author described.
答案与解析：Depending　you与depend之间存在逻辑上的主谓关系，故用现在分词短语作状语，起补充说明的作用。句意：根据你选择的角色，你可以帮助增加社区获得安全饮用水的机会，或者帮助保护有价值的当地文化。
答案与解析：was struck　句意：但令史密斯感到震惊的主要是她并没有真正掌握作者所描述的任何技能。主语Smith与strike之间为被动关系，并且语境是过去，故用一般过去时的被动语态。
7．Much time ________ (spend) sitting at a desk, office workers are generally troubled by health problems.
8．However, anger can easily turn ________ (violence), and it is best to know the reasons for anger to appear in order to prevent its presence.
答案与解析：spent　time与spend之间是逻辑上的动宾关系，故应用spend的过去分词形式表示被动。此处是“名词＋过去分词”构成的独立主格结构。句意：很多时间都坐在书桌旁，办公室职员一般都受到健康问题的困扰。
答案与解析：violent　系动词turn后接形容词作表语。句意：然而，愤怒很容易转变成暴力，最好知道愤怒出现的原因，以防止它的出现。
9．Those who had held mentally stimulating (刺激), demanding jobs before ________ (retire) tended to do the best on the tests.
10．With a ________ (sink) feeling, he realised that he actually enjoyed doing it.
答案与解析：retirement　句意：那些在精神上得到刺激的、退休前要求工作的人往往在测试中做的最好。
答案与解析：sinking　a sinking feeling意为“不祥的感觉；颓丧感”。句意：有着一种不祥的感觉，他意识到自己实际上喜欢做这个。
11．Before the film began, each woman was asked to help herself to a snack. An actor hired by the researchers ________ (grab) her food first.
12．He said that he had heard the calls ________ (preserve) the boxes and had seen how some of them were listed as historic buildings.
答案与解析：grabbed　句意：电影开始前，每位女士都被要求自己吃点零食。研究人员雇来的一名演员首先抓了自己的食物。语境是过去，并且grab为谓语动词，故填过去式。
答案与解析：to preserve　句意：他说他听到了保护这些亭子的呼声，也看到其中一些亭子是怎样被列为历史建筑的。动词不定式短语作calls的定语。
13．The children of Nome would be helpless if it ________ (strike) the town.
14．The dog had initially been knocked ________ (conscious) but had survived by drinking water from a fresh stream at the base of the cliff.
答案与解析：struck　根据主句中的would be可知，if引导的从句谓语用过去式表示与将来事实相反的虚拟语气，故用struck。句意：如果它(传染病)袭击了这个城镇，诺姆的孩子们将会束手无策。
答案与解析：unconscious　根据空格后的but had survived可知，这只狗被撞到失去了知觉，用unconscious。句意：这只狗最初被撞到失去了知觉，但靠着喝在悬崖底部的一条淡水河中的水幸存下来。
15．My ________ (recollect) of this is based solely on the story's frequent retelling in our family.
答案与解析：recollection　句意：我对这件事的回忆完全是基于这个故事在我们家里的频繁复述。
Ⅳ.汉译英(用括号内的短语)
1．给我留下深刻印象的是，她看上去几乎像是知道我在想什么。(as if)
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2．敬业的文员仔仔细细地抄写以免遗漏任何东西。(so as to)
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3．我们意识到有些人可能不愿意在晚上工作。(be conscious that)
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It made me an impressive impression that she looked almost as if she knew what I was thinking.
The dedicated clerk copied so carefully so as not to leave anything out.
We are conscious that some people may be not willing to work at night.
4．尽管还是个孩子，他懂得很多科学和金融知识。(though)
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5．随着互联网业务的快速发展，网络用户明显越来越多。(比较级＋and＋比较级)
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Child though he is, he knows much knowledge of science and finance.
With the rapid development of Internet services, the users of network bandwidth become more and more evidently.