MOdule1-2重要知识点讲解以及练习

新版八年级上册 M1-2
重要短语/重要知识点
Module1
1.why not do… 用来表示提出建议，相当于 why don’t you/we do…
如：Why not ___________ (take) a walk after supper
= Why don’t you __________ (take) a walk after supper
表示提建议的句型有：
1)How/What about doing … 2)Would you like to do …
3)Let’s do… 4)Why don’t you do… 5)Why not do…
6)You should/shouldn't do … 6)It's a good idea to do.....
常用的回答是：That’s a good/great idea. OK./ All right.
如：(1) She should ____________ (go) to school early.
(2) Why don’t you _______________ (play) basketball
(3) How about ____________ (eat) noodles
(4) It’s a good idea to ______________ (get) up early.
(5)Why not ______ (swim) with me tonight
(6）Let’s __________ (take) a walk.
2. forget to do sth. 忘记去做某事（某事还没发生）
forget doing sth. 忘记做过某事（某事已经发生）
1)Don‘t forget _____________ (sent ) an email for me .
2)I forget ____________ (see) you somewhere.
类似用法的单词还有“remember”等 remember to do sth./remember doing sth.
3. try to do sth. 表示努力去做某事 try not to do sth尽量不要去做某事
try doing sth 试着做某事
He tried___________ ( take) good care of his sister when his mother was out.
You try _____________ (not go) out at night.
4.as much as possible 尽可能多 类似的还有“as soon as possible” 尽可能快
5.be good for 表示“对……有益”,其反义词组为“be bad for” “对……有害”
be good at (doing) sth. 擅长（做）事
Eating more vegetables is good ___________ (at,to,for )your health.
He is good at __________ (play) football.
6. I agree with you. 我同意你的观点。
agree with sb. 表示同意某人的看法、观点 agree on sth. 表示同意某事
1)The teacher agrees _____________ (on, to,with) them.
2)I ___________ (agree) on the thing just now.
7. need to do sth. 需要做某事 We need two students __________ (help) us.
8.get to know 逐渐了解
9.ask for advice 表示“寻求建议” advice 是不可数名词
advise sb. to do sth. “建议某人去做某事” advise是动词
I give them some __________(advice )on how to learn English well.
I advise you _____________ (have) a good rest today.
improve (one’s) English 提高（某人的）英语水平
I want to improve _____________ (I) English.
something new 新东西
something,anything,nothing,somebody,anybody等不定动词被形容词时，形容词放在它们之后，后接动词不定式(to do)
She has something_____________ (tell) you.
CCTV-10 often plays ___________ around the world.(中考题）
new something B.something new C.anything new
smile at sb.向某人微笑
Module2
1.pretty good ! 很好 ！ pretty adv. 相当地；非常 adj . 漂亮的
2.thirty years ago 三十年前
一段时间+ago 表示“……之前”，用于一般过去时。
3.in the 1980s 在20世纪80年代 表示“在……世纪……年代”时用介词in ，在整十的年份后加“s”，并在年代前加the.
in the 1890s 在19世纪90年代
4.as…as… 和……一样……
（1）两个as之间用形容词或者副词的原形。
（2）其否定式为：not as …as…
She is as ___________ (careful) as Daming.
She works as ______________ (careful) as Daming.
5.What’s the population of Shenzhen
(1) population 为不可数名词，谓语要用单数。
(2） 形容人口多或者少时要用large , big 或 small ,而不能用 many ,few ,much 或 little.
-_______ is the population of your city -About two million.(中考题）
A.How B.What C.How many D.How much
6.It’s over ten million ,I think .
over 意为“超过；多于”，相当于more than.
数词+ million …百万（不用加“s”） millions of + 名词 数以百万的……
five______________ (hundred) students, ______________ (hundred)of people
remember to do sth 记得去做某事 （未做）
remember doing sth 记得做过某事（已做）
much wider and cleaner 更宽，更干净
much,even,far, a little,a lot等可修饰比较。
I’m a little _______ than my mother.
A.tall B.short C.taller D.older
9.be famous for 因。。。而闻名
be famous as 作为。。。而闻名（后接职位、身份等）
YaoMing is famous _____________a basketball player.
China is famous _______________ the Great Wall. (to,as,for)
10.. in the east/south/west of… 在……的东、南、西…（内部）
in表在范围 on表示相连 to表两地相离
1）Guangdong lies ______________ the east of Guangxi.
2)Taiwan is _____________ the east of China.
3)Japan is _________ the east of China.
语法
四种时态复习
1）一般现在时
1. 概念：一般现在时通常表示经常发生的或习惯性的动作或目前的状态。
2.常见时间状语：often, usually, always, sometimes, at times, every day(year,month…), on Sunday等.
3.特点：1）. 动词be除第一人称单数用am,第三人称单数用is,其余一律用are; 动词have除第三人称用has外,其余一律用have.
2）．行为动词一般现在时的形式当主语是第三人称单数时由动词原形加词尾-s或-es构成:
2）一般过去时：
概念：表示过去发生的动作或状态;
2.时间状语：...ago, yesterday, the day before yesterday, last week(year, night, month…), in 1989, just now, at the age of 5, long long ago, once upon a time,
3.基本结构：1)be(was,were) 2)一般在动词后加ed
3）一般将来时
1.定义：表示将要发生的动作或存在的状态
2.构成：will +V-原形 be going to +V (动词原形)
3.时态标志词：
tomorrow (morning / afternoon / evening )，the day after tomorrow，next Sunday / week / month / year， in the future, in five days ，soon 等
4.will +V-原形 与 be going to +V (动词原形)的区别
be going to do sth. 表示自己打算或计划做某事. be 的形式要根据主语来确定。
4）现在进行时
1.定义：表示现在正在进行或发生的动作。
2.构成： 助动词be（am,is,are)+动词的ing 形式
3.时态标志词：now,look,listen
1.I _________( not go) to my home next week.
2.___________ he ______________(come) to see me tomorrow
3.I think it ___________(be) fine soon.
4.Last night at this time they ____________(dance) at a party.
5.__________ he ____________(work) at this time yesterday
6.She ____________(make) a lot of friends here so far.
7.Her parents _____________(not write) to her since they left.
8. I________________(have)the bike for a week.
9.I ______________(not get) up at six every morning.
10.Mr. Li_______________(have)two sons.
11.She often ______________(go)to school by bus.
12.Three and two ___________(be) five.
13. Paul and I ____________(play) tennis yesterday.【2011广西百色】
15.Look. The boys __________(play) football.
16.Don’t talk. The baby ____________(sleep).
17.Listen. The children _____________(sing).
二）形用词与副词
形容词的用法：
1）形容词的主要用法是用来修饰名词，在句子中作定语。
如：She is a good student. good 是形容词，student是名词。
2）形容词可以和be动词或某些半连系动词结合，构成系表结构。
如： She is good. (be+adj.)
副词的用法：
副词用来修饰动词，形容词或副词。
如： Please listen to me carefully. 在这个句子里，carefully是用来强调listen 的程度，是修饰动词的。因此不能使用形容词形式（careful）
She is a very good girl. 在这个句子中very是副词，放在形容词good前面，修饰形容词。
副词使用时需注意的地方。
在现在进行时和一般将来时结构中含有be动词，但这连个时态都强调的是实义动词，因此在修饰动词时仍须采用副词。如：
They are reading books ____________ (happy).
形容词转变到副词的规则：
1)英语中多数形容词是在词尾加ly构成副词。careful—carefully
bad---badly slow—slowly
2)以辅音字母加y结尾的形容词，改y为i再加ly构成副词。
happy—happily healthy—healthily lucky--luckily
3)有些词具有双重词性，既是形容词也是副词。 early， hard， late fast等。
4)特殊的 good---well
比较级
形容词和副词都可以用于比较级、最高级中
比较级、最高级的变化规则：
1). 普通形容词和副词+er构成比较级，+est构成最高级 old-older-oldest
2). 以不发音的e结尾的形容词或副词+r/st 构成 nice-nicer-nicest
3). 双写最后一个字母+er/est构成 fat-fatter-fattest, thin-thinner-thinnest, hot-hotter-hottest, big-bigger-biggest , red-redder-reddest
4). 以辅音字母+y结尾的，要改y为i再加er easy-easier-easiest
5）. 多音节词和部分双音节词，在前面加more构成比较级,在前面加most构成最高级。careful-more careful-most carefully
dangerous-more dangerous-most dangerous
.不规则变化
good/well--- better -best far—farther/further-farthest/furthest
bad/badly/ill----worse-worst much/many--- more-most
little---less -least
主要的比较级句型。
a. than 在使用than的句子中要使用比较级。
She is _____________ (tall)than I .
b. Which is cheaper, by taxi or by bus
c. Who runs faster, Daming or Tony
比较级规则变化口诀：比较级，要变化，一般词尾加er。(long-longer)
词尾若有哑音e, 直接加r就可以。(nice-nicer) , 重读闭音节， 单辅音字母要双写。(hot-hotter)辅音字母若加y, 记得把y变为i。(happy-happier)
Changjiang is ___________________(long) than the River Cam.
Is HongKong _______________(hot) than Beijing in summer
New York is _______________(busy) than Washington,D.C.
This car is ______________(big) and ___________(new) than that one.
London is an ____________(old) city than Shanghai.
6. She looks _______________(thin) than me.
7. I am very ________________ (thin).
练习
一．选择题
1.How about _____ meat for lunch.
A.to buy some B. buying some C. to buy any D.buying any
2.--- Why don’t you go to the cinema ---_____.
A.Thank you B. That’s all C. That’s nothing D. That’s a good idea
3. Don’t forget ______ up early tomorrow.
A.getting B. about getting C. to get D.get
4. You should _______ shy.
A.try not to be B. try not be C. trying not to be D. not try
5. It’s a good way _____ your English.
A.in learning B. to learn C.of learn D.of learning
6.Lingling is afraid _____ exercise.
A. to do B. do C. does D. did
7. You are going to be late. __ ___ start off right now
A. Why don't B. Why not C. What about D. How about
8. It's fine today. Why not __ ___.
. to go fishing B. going fishing C. go fishing D. go to fish
9. “What fine weather! Why don't we go boating on the lake ” “_____.”
A. That's all right B. Good idea C. Thank you D. It doesn't matter
10. We are free this afternoon. How about _____ shopping
A. go B. will go C. going D. to go
. 11.---How about him ---He just gave me _____ advice.
A. a B. an C . / D. some
12. Hainan is_____ island in the south of China.
A. / B. an C. a D. the
13. The boy is busy ______his homework..
A. do B. doing C. to do D. did
14. Japan is _______the east of China while Shanghai is ____ the east of China.
A. in , at B. in, to C. in, in D. to, in
15. _____is the population of the world
A. How many B. How much C. What’s D. What
16.—Is that your brother Bill
—No, he isn’t. He’s Tony. Tony is_______ than Bill.
A. tall B. taller C. tallest D. more tall
17.Sichuan is famous _______its hot (辣的) food.
A. for B. as C. on D. in
18.Lingling_______in England two years ago.
A. is B. was C. be D. are
19.He looks very old; _______ fact, he is only forty years old.
A. in B. but C. on D. at
20.The English countryside is very beautiful, _______tourists like it very much.
A. but B. because C. so D. if
21. I’d like _______Cambridge some day.
A. visit B. visits C. to visit D. visiting
22. Our city has a _______population.
A. small B. few C. little D. much
23. Bill is _______taller than Danny.
A. many B. much C. more D. little
24.Urumqi is _______the west of China.
A. in B. at C. on D. to
25.There are two _______people living in the city.
A. hundreds B. million C. millions D. thousands
26. The population of Australia _______about 21 million.
A. have B. are C. is D. has
二、用括号中所给的词的适当形式填空
1.How about ______ (swim) with me tonight
2.It’s a good idea ______ (have) a rest now
3.Why ____ you ______ ( not speak) more English
4.Why ______ (not speak) more English
5.You should _______ (take) an umbrella with you.
6.Please give me some _______ (advice).
7.How many______ (university) are there in Shanghai
8. Remember______ (visit) the Great Wall when you’re in Beijing.
9. Is Hong Kong a______ (new) city than Xi’an
10. There are about two______ (million) trees on the hill.
11.—Is the first box as big as the third one
—No, the third box is much______（big）.
The best way (learn) more English is using it.
13. We should practise (speak) English .
14. Improve your English by __________ (listen) to the radio.
三、根据汉语意思完成句子（每小题1分，满分5分）
1.法国以什么而闻名？What______ France ______ ______
2.北京在中国的北部。Beijing is______ ______ ______ ______ China.3.澳大利亚的人口是多少？ ______ the ______ ______ Australia
4.伦敦是英国的首都。London is the______ ______ the UK.
5.她来自剑桥。She______ ______ Cambridge.
四．完形填空（每小题1.5分，满分15分）
I come from Guilin. It is my 26 .It’s a beautiful 27 of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region. The 28 of Guilin is about 4,760,000.The climate (气候) there is very great. The old like to live there. Guilin has a 29 history of more than 2,000 years. It is a good place to 30 your free time. You can enjoy its natural scenery. It sits 31 the Li River. There are many good places to visit. It is 32 its green hills and clear water in the world. It is very popular. Every year 33 of visitors come here to spend their holidays. 34 to my home town! I will be your good 35 .You will have a good time.
26. A. village B. country C. university D. home town
27. A. capital B. hill C. city D. island
28. A. population B. number C. people D. city
29. A. low B. long C. high D. short
30. A. enjoy B. choose C. visit D. work
31. A. in B. on C. off D. to
32. A. famous for B. good at C. busy with D. get from
33. A. millions B. few C. more D. many
34. A. Welcome B. Send C. Choose D. Find
35. A. teacher B. cook C. guide（导游） D. worker
五．阅读理解
A
On a small farm in Mexico, there are no schools. A bus is the school. The driver of the bus is the teacher. It’s a school bus, but it doesn’t take the children to school. It just goes round from place to place, and sometimes it comes to this farm. The bus will stay here for three months. The farmers call it a school on wheels (轮子).
Every time when the bus comes, the farmers will come running to it, shouting and laughing. They warmly welcome the school bus.
When the bus is on the farm, in the morning, the teacher teaches the small children. In the afternoon, the bigger children come to have their lessons because they must work in the morning. At night, the fathers and mothers come to school. They want to learn, too. How the farmers hope that some day they can have a real school on their farm!
1. The driver of the bus is_______.
A. the teacher B. the student C. the farmer D. the school
2. The bus school will_______.
A. take the children to school B. stay here for a long time
C. take the fathers and mothers to school D. go round from place to place
3. When the school bus comes, the farmers will_______.
A. stop working B. warmly welcome it C. be happy D. both B and C
4.The bigger children have their lessons in the afternoon because _________in the morning.
A. they can’t get up early B. the teacher wants to teach the small children first
C. they have a lot of work to do D. they have to do their homework
5. Which is true
A. A school bus is a real school for farmers’ children.
B. The bus school has no teacher at all. C. The bus school has no students.
D. The children and their parents onthe farm all come to the bus school to learn.
B
Broadway (百老汇) is a wonderful place in New York. Many new plays (戏剧) are put on first in Broadway. If they are successful, they can later go to many cities all over the country. More than 50 plays are put on each season. So if you go to New York, the visit to Broadway will certainly be one of the highlights (最精彩的部分) of your stay in the city.
Tom was born in New York. He tells me Broadway is a busy place. It’s busier and noisier (更喧闹) than other places. It’s very hot in summer and very cold in winter.
6. Broadway is in_______.
A. New York B. Washington D.C. C. London D. Beijing
7. If many new plays are successful in Broadway, they can_______.
A. never be successful around the world B. go to many cities around the country
C. go to all the cities around the world D. go to the cities in China
8. More than _______plays are put on each season in Broadway.
A. fifteen B. forty C. five D. fifty
9. What is Broadway famous for
A. Plays. B. The weather. C. The place. D. The food.
10. Which sentence is WRONG according to the passage
A. Broadway is a wonderful place.
B. Broadway is busier and noisier than other places.
C. Tom is from New York.
D. Broadway is never very hot in summer, or very cold in winter.
六、书面表达（满分15 分）
结合课本所学，从听说读写四方面谈谈你的学习英语的建议。开头已经给出。
要求：1. 词数80左右 2. 字迹工整，语言流畅，表达正确，逻辑清晰。
How to learn English well
English is important and useful to us. How can we learn it well Here are my suggestions.
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
How to learn English well
English is important and useful to us. How can we learn it well Here are my suggestions.
First, we should often listen to the radio and English songs . Watching English films is also helpful to us. Second, we should speak English in class as much as possible. Don’t be afraid of making mistakes. Third, we can read more English stories. It’s good for us. At last, we should remember some words.
In a word, as long as we do more listening, speaking, reading and writing, we will learn English better.