2022—2023 学年高二上学期开学摸底考试英语试卷（全国卷）
英语试题
（试卷满分150分，考试时间120分钟）
注意事项：
1. 答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。
2. 回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。
3. 考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分）
做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节 （共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. What will the boy do first
A. Play football. B. Go to the cinema. C. Finish his homework.
2. Where is the necklace now
A. In the sitting room. B. In the kitchen. C. In the bedroom.
3. What is the woman probably related to Henry
A. His colleague. B. His wife. C. His boss.
4. What is the woman going to do next
A. Go to the restaurant. B. Type the document. C. See a dentist.
5. What does the man mean
A. He missed the TV program.
B. He doesn’t like the program at all.
C. He experiences a power failure every night.
第二节 （共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听下面一段对话，回答第6和第7两个小题。
6. Why does the woman talk to the man
A. To cancel their plan.
B. To make an invitation.
C. To ask for information.
7. What does the man decide to do this evening
A. See a band show. B. Accompany his parents. C. Buy tickets online.
听下面一段对话，回答第8和第9两个小题。
8. What’s wrong with the woman’s room
A. It’s not quiet. B. It’s a little dark. C. It’s smelly.
9. What is the woman’s final decision
A. Moving to another room.
B. Checking in another hotel.
C. Waiting for a non-smoking room.
听下面一段对话，回答第10至第12三个小题。
10. Whom does the woman choose jewelry for
A. Herself. B. Her mother. C. Her friend.
11. What does the woman want to buy
A. A ring of size 6 and a long necklace.
B. A ring of size 7 and a long necklace.
C. A ring of size 7 and a short necklace.
12. What do we know about the necklace
A. Its price depends on its quality.
B. It’s cheaper than the ring.
C. The longer one is more expensive than the shorter one.
听下面一段对话，回答第13至第16四个小题。
13. When can people enjoy the art exhibition
A. On Monday. B. On Tuesday. C. On Thursday.
14. How does this year’s ballet performance differ from that of last year
A. Admission is free.
B. It will be at the theater.
C. There will be two performances.
15. Where will the mask party be held
A. In the piazza. B. In the concert hall. C. In the theater.
16. How much is a family ticket for The Little Prince
A. $8. B. $10. C. $15.
听下面一段独白，回答第17至第20四个小题。
17. Who usually reads the morning announcements
A. Timmy. B. Mr. McKinney. C. Principal Johnson.
18. When is the last day of school
A. May 20th. B. Next Wednesday. C. One month from today.
19. For what does the speaker apologize
A. The library hours. B. The homework. C. The computers.
20. What will take place on Saturday afternoon
A. A softball game. B. A basketball game. C. A baseball game.
第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）
第一节 （共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
Highest Mountains in the World
Mount Kilimanjaro
Mount Kilimanjaro, a dormant (休眠的) volcano, is the highest mountain in Africa. Its summit is 5,895 meters above sea level. Located in Tanzania, it is the largest free-standing mountain rise in the world, meaning it is not part of a mountain range. Kilimanjaro is made up of three volcanoes: Kibo, Mawenzi, and Shira. Kibo is the summit of the mountain and the tallest of the three volcanic formations. While Mawenzi and Shira are extinct, Kibo is dormant and could possibly erupt again.
Mount Everest
Mount Everest is the highest mountain in Asia and the highest mountain in the world. Its summit is 8,848.86 meters above sea level. It is located in the Himalaya Mountain Range on the border of Nepal and China. The Chinese name is Chomolungma, which means “Mother Goddess of the World”. The Nepali name is Sagarmatha, which has various meanings.
Denali
Denali is the highest mountain in North America. Its summit is 6,193 meters above sea level. It is located in the USA, in the state of Alaska. “Denali” comes from Koyukon, a traditional native Alaskan language, and means “the tall one”. This name had been used for many generations and was used by early non-native researchers and naturalists. But in 1896, William A. Dickey, a prospector (探矿者), began calling Denali “Mount McKinley”, in honor of William McKinley, a presidential candidate at the time.
Mount Vinson
Mount Vinson is the highest mountain on Antarctica. Its summit is 5,140 meters above sea level. It is located in the summit plateau of Vinson Massif, near the base of the Palmer Peninsula in western Antarctica. Mount Vinson is part of the Sentinel Range of the Ellsworth Mountains. It was spotted from the air by U.S. pilot Lincoln Ellsworth in 1935.
21. Why is Kibo the most dangerous one among the three volcanoes
A. It is the highest of the three volcanoes.
B. It is covered with snow all through the year.
C. It is home to a great number of wild animals.
D. It is likely to erupt again sometimes in the future.
22. Which mountain stands between two countries
A. Mount Kilimanjaro.
B. Mount Everest.
C. Denali.
D. Mount Vinson.
23. Who was the first to discover Mount Vinson
A. A Japanese. B. An Australian.
C. A Frenchman. D. An American.
B
As a senior school graduate, during COVID-19 outbreak, I’ve had many concerns, the greatest one of which was being unable to help my community, except for wearing my mask, following the health officials’ guidelines, and assisting seniors to get their groceries.
Then it struck me. Solving COVID-19 relied only on individual steps and the goodwill of human consciousness. But the next challenge we have to deal with ahead is climate change, known as the silent pandemic without a vaccine (疫苗). So, all I could think of was: Why don’t we do the same, and deal with it through our everyday activities
I’ve created an App, EnRoute, to help reduce carbon emissions (排放) from shopping and transport activities. Even though I’ve never coded (编码) before, my will was greater than any excuse I could think of. The first version was just a one-screen App. Through the quarantines (隔离), I’ve had only 70 people to test the concept with and created little impact. Plus, leading a social organization seemed like a small boat in a rough sea to me. But instead of giving up, I chose to fill the gap.
And the coolest thing is that the more I was learning, the more people got interested in the idea. Through every leadership program, I built a stronger EnRoute Community where each person was equally passionate and brave to make a change. Their enthusiasm was my greatest fuel. At least I traveled across the world without a single carbon emission.
Fast forward to today, through EnRoute, over 4,000 people reduced more than 150,000 kg carbon emissions. The App turned into an international movement. And I even had the pleasure to be the first-ever Macedonian Global Teen Leader+Princess Diana Award Winner.
It turns out that except for being a good time to reflect and relax, bridge years can be a powerful tool to change the world as well!
24. How did the author feel during COVID-19
A. Upset. B. Alarmed.
C. Worried. D. Ignorant.
25. What inspired the author to create the App, EnRoute
A. Individual devotion to pandemic prevention.
B. Similarity between carbon emissions and COVID-19.
C. The author’s involvement in community service.
D. The influence of human activities on global warming.
26. What is the benefit of the App
A. It unites many countries.
B. It gets many people to change.
C. It inspires the author to enjoy himself.
D. It proves the author’s ability to change others.
27. Which of the following can best describe the author
A. Patient and selfless.
B. Able and outgoing.
C. Creative and generous.
D. Determined and responsible.
C
Octopuses (章鱼) in the wild have often been observed changing their skin color to catch their food or avoid being caught. Now, for the first time, a researcher has shot an attractive video of an octopus called Heidi rapidly changing into a quantity of colors while dreaming.
The video, part of Octopus: Making Contact, a documentary first shown on PBS on
October 2, 2019, was shot by a fish lover David Scheel, who has raised Heidi in a fish tank since she was young. The professor at Alaska Pacific University in Anchorage believes that the octopus — whose skin went from pale gray to ghostly white to deep, dark violet, before changing into a greenish-brown camouflage (伪装) pattern — was dreaming of catching her next meal.
“She’s asleep; she sees a crab (螃蟹), and her color starts to change a little bit,” Scheel says in the video. “Then she turns all dark. Octopuses will do that when they leave the bottom.” He adds. “This is a camouflage like she’s just caught a crab, and now she’s going to sit there and eat it, and she doesn’t want anyone to notice her. If she’s dreaming, that’s the dream.” Scheel’s theory about Heidi’s pleasant dream originates from the fact that animals with the ability to camouflage have never been observed changing colors so abruptly while sleeping.
The hour-long documentary, which tracks Scheel’s developing relationship with the octopus, also shows Heidi’s other skills. She enjoys playing with small toys, watching television — particularly The Big Bang Theory — and solving puzzles. The talented octopus can also escape from small spaces, use tools, and even press a button on a remote control. Like any smart family pet, Heidi recognizes Scheel and his teenage daughter Laura and excitedly rushes to her tank’s side in greeting every time either comes close.
28. What is the octopus doing in the video
A. Sleeping. B. Hunting.
C. Dining. D. Hiding.
29. What is paragraph 3 mainly about
A. The relationship between Scheel and Heidi.
B. The octopus’ daily activities in a fish tank.
C. Scheel’s guessing about the dream of Heidi.
D. The research results about octopuses’ dream.
30. What do we know about the documentary
A. It records an octopus’ dream content.
B. It is filmed and produced by Laura.
C. It shows octopuses change colors when hunting.
D. It is about an octopus and her host Scheel.
31. Which of the following could be the best title for the text
A. A Fish Lover Raises an Amazing Octopus
B. A Documentary about an Octopus’ Life Habit
C. An Octopus Changes Colors While Sleeping
D. An Important Discovery Shown on PBS
D
Buying furniture is easier than ever. You can even order a new table and chairs online without ever leaving home. But did you ever think about how furniture is made The process begins with trees but now researchers have found a better way: growing it in a lab instead of a forest. Instead of cutting down trees and adding to deforestation (砍伐森林), Velásquez-García said, “If you want a table, then you should just grow a table.”
The research group found a way to actually grow plant tissue (组织) — wood and fiber — in a lab that is similar to the way cultured meat is grown. While there is still a long way to actually grow a table, the team was able to grow structures from cells from zinnia leaves.
Making furniture and other items from biomaterials could eliminate cutting down trees in forests. “The way we get these materials hasn’t changed in centuries and is very inefficient,” said Velásquez-García. “This is a real chance to avoid all that inefficiency.”
There are other benefits to using lab wood too. Lab grown wood can be handled to take on any shape — like 3D printing — so it may be possible to build a table without glue or screwing parts together.
Beckwith, a mechanical engineering PhD student, was inspired by a visit to a farm to try to make land-use more efficient and environmentally sound. “That got me thinking: Can we be more strategic about what we’re getting out of our process Can we get more outputs for our inputs ” she told MIT News. “I wanted to find a more efficient way to use land and resources so that we could let more farmlands remain wild, or to remain lower production but allow for greater biodiversity.”
Today, the two largest uses of trees are to make wood products and paper. When new biomaterials become readily available, forests will lose their economic value and will be preserved for their environmental, health, and recreational value. These researchers, like Velásquez-García, are speaking for the trees.
32. What does the author think of growing furniture according to paragraph 1
A. It turns out to be convenient.
B. It’ll cut down daily expense.
C. It might have a bright future.
D. It’s as important as making furniture.
33. What does the underlined word “eliminate” in paragraph 3 mean
A. Risk. B. Fancy.
C. Remove. D. Delay.
34. What is the purpose of Beckwith’s growing furniture
A. To make large profits.
B. To keep biodiversity.
C. To increase production.
D. To use wild resources.
35. What’s the key to protecting forests
A. Wide use of new biomaterials.
B. Less use of wood products and paper.
C. Making effective forest laws.
D. Caring more for the environment.
第二节 （共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Unusual weather this summer has hurt many gardens in the United States. For many, the problem is too much rain. 36 Do you still want to grow tomatoes, roses in that sunny place It can be done. We will look at three ways you can use to correct the problem of too much water.
One way is to drain (排水) the water away to some lower location. The simplest way is with a ditch (沟), or, if your garden is large, a few ditches. Ditches crossing your garden need not be unpleasant to look at or troublesome. Picture a garden in which flat stones line ditches and form bridges across ditches that cross paths. 37 These waterways may look like a classic Persian garden.
38 Dig a ditch, as described above, then lay in black pipe that is about 10 centimeters across its width. Available at home and building stores, the pipe is made to bend easily, and the holes in it let in water. Cover the pipe with a piece of cloth that water can pass through to keep out dirt and a layer of small stones. 39
A third way to give your plants more air is to raise them above the water. Trees and bushes can be planted on raised piles of soil, often called “beds”. The beds need to be wide enough to allow roots to spread. 40 If you want a bigger plant, give its roots more room to grow. To make a raised bed, build a box at least 15 centimeters high of wood or stone.
A. Then place the soil.
B. You have a variety of plants to choose from.
C. Do you want to keep your garden where it is
D. Do you know how to shelter your garden in the sun
E. The whole system can be a beautiful water “feature”.
F. How wide depends on the eventual size of the plant.
G. Another way is to bury pipes with small holes underground.
第三部分 语言知识运用（共两节，满分45分）
第一节 （共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
The epilepsy (癫痫) changed Parker’s life completely. The Fresno boy was having seizures (突然发作) almost 41 . He no longer could attend public school, and his time with friends was 42 . Then, Parker met “Toby the Great”.
Toby, the yellow dog didn’t look 43 enough at first. Labrador Retriever Rescue of Fresno had brought him from a local 44 . Parker’s mother, Mandy, recalls a thin, hyper (亢奋的), dirty dog. She was 45 this was not to be their dog. But Parker 46 Toby. And so Toby joined the family.
Shortly Toby taught himself how to 47 his boy’s seizures before they happened. It slightly 48 Mandy the first time Toby tried to help. He was jumping on Parker, and biting lightly his mother’s hands. Mandy called a 49 for advice, worried about this strange, irregular 50 . Then Parker had a seizure. It turned out Toby was trying not to let Parker get up because he could 51 a seizure coming and was trying to 52 Mandy.
Since then, Toby has learned how to fetch emergency seizure 53 for Parker. He’ll also run to get Parker’s mom when a seizure is 54 . If Parker is sitting down when a seizure is about to happen, Toby 55 on the boy and doesn’t let him 56 .
Parker says Toby helps him feel safe and 57 . Along with being a friend, the dog has given him the 58 to be more independent.
“I could 59 sleep in my room alone, just me and Toby,” Parker said. “I can go out and ride my bike, just me and Toby. Toby’s 60 changed, too. He went from being a homeless dog, to rescue, to the most important part of my medical team.”
“Our family rescued Toby,” Parker says, “but he really rescued me.”
41. A. yearly B. daily C. seldom D. never
42. A. long B. pleasant C. limited D. urgent
43. A. excited B. good C. weak D. dirty
44. A. zoo B. hospital C. circus D. shelter
45. A. worried B. annoyed C. convinced D. satisfied
46. A. wanted B. bought C. saw D. hated
47. A. detect B. avoid C. relieve D. treat
48. A. pleased B. amazed C. frightened D. disappointed
49. A. trainer B. raiser C. doctor D. neighbor
50. A. bark B. behavior C. attitude D. memory
51. A. stop B. watch C. sense D. imagine
52. A. hug B. warn C. catch D. persuade
53. A. telephone B. packet C. equipment D. medicine
54. A. picking up B. leaving off C. dropping off D. coming on
55. A. sits B. counts C. bites D. depends
56. A. stand up B. fall over C. lie down D. walk away
57. A. lucky B. proud C. attractive D. secure
58. A. confidence B. hope C. love D. company
59. A. hardly B. obviously C. usually D. finally
60. A. status B. name C. life D. future
第二节 （共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
In the 1940s, China 61 (report) 30 million cases of malaria (疟疾) each year. In the 1950s, Chinese health authorities began introducing measures to treat and prevent the disease. Now, after a 70-year campaign and more than four years of zero new cases, China is officially malaria free, 62 (recognize) by the World Health Organization (WHO).
The WHO gives malaria-free certificates (证明) to countries when they have presented that they’ve stopped nationwide spread 63 at least three continuous years. Countries also need to have monitoring and reacting systems in place 64 can prevent indigenous cases of the disease from coming back — indigenous in this case meaning infected (感染) 65 (local) from a native mosquito. Forty countries and regions 66 (give) the certificate so far, according to the WHO.
In the 1970s, through a government project, Chinese scientist Tu Youyou discovered artemisinin, the most 67 (power) anti-malaria drug. 68 breakthrough, based on traditional Chinese medicine, led to a Nobel Prize for Tu in 2015. “Over many decades, China’s ability 69 (think) outside the box served the country well in its own 70 (respond) to malaria, and also had a significant effect globally,” notes Dr. Pedro Alonso, Director of the WHO Global Malaria Programme.
写作（共两节，满分35分）
第一节 短文改错（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）
假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2. 只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。
As we all know, books were a treasure house of human thought, from what we can know every corner of the world. Reading not only enriches our mind and broadens our horizons, enable us to be more knowledgeable. Beside, it helps develop our taste in literature and brings us pleasures. Books, especially good ones, are always inspirational and can cause you to think seriously about a particular subject. They require that we can use our imagination, rather than simply reading the words. All in all, books are great benefit to us! Therefore, all of us should get into a habit of reading and keep reading good books.
书面表达（满分25分）
假定你是校英文报的小记者。一部中国话剧即将在你校上演，请你根据以下要点写一则演出公告：
1. 时间地点；
2. 剧情简介；
3. 欢迎观看。
注意：
1. 词数100左右；
2. 可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
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参考答案
第一部分 听力
1—5 CCABA 6—10 BCAAB 11—15 BAACB 16—20 CACCB
第二部分 阅读理解
第一节
A篇
本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了世界上最高的四座山峰。
21. D 细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句“While Mawenzi and Shira are extinct, Kibo is dormant and could possibly erupt again.”可知，Mawenzi和Shira都是死火山，而Kibo是休眠火山，可能会再次爆发。因此，Kibo是三个火山中最危险的。故选D。
22. B 细节理解题。根据第二段第三句“It is located in the Himalaya Mountain Range on the border of Nepal and China.”可知，珠穆朗玛峰位于尼泊尔和中国的交界处。故选B。
23. D 细节理解题。根据最后一段最后一句“It was first spotted from the air by U.S. pilot Lincoln Ellsworth in 1935.”可知，最先发现文森峰的是一位美国飞行员。故选D。
B篇
本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了疫情期间作者受社区互帮互助的启发，开发出了一款能够帮助人们减少在购物和交通活动中的碳排放的应用程序EnRoute。
24. C 细节理解题。根据第一段中的“I’ve had many concerns, the greatest one of which was being unable to help my community.”可知，作者有许多担忧，其中最大的担忧是无法帮助他的社区。由此可知，在疫情期间，作者感到很担忧。故选C。
25. A 推理判断题。通读第二段可知，解决新冠疫情只能依靠个人的行动和人类的善意。但人类必须应对的下一个挑战——气候变化，是无法用疫苗来解决的。因此，作者想到可以通过每个人的日常活动来应对全球变暖。由此可推知，新冠疫情期间，个人在疫情预防方面做出的贡献给予了作者启发，从而开发出了EnRoute这款应用程序。故选A。
26. B 推理判断题。根据第四段第一句“And the coolest thing is that the more I was learning, the more people got interested in the idea.”和第五段第一句“Fast forward to today, through EnRoute, over 4,000 people reduced more than 150,000 kg carbon emissions.”可知，这款应用程序让很多人产生兴趣并参与进来，降低了碳排放量。由此可推知，这款应用程序的好处是让很多人做出了改变。故选B。
27. D 推理判断题。根据第一段中的“I’ve had many concerns, the greatest one of which was being unable to help my community.”可知，作者为疫情深感担忧；结合第三段最后一句“But instead of giving up, I chose to fill the gap.”可知，作者排除万难研发应用程序，越挫越勇，不断改进。由此可推知，作者是一位有着坚定决心和强烈社会责任心的人。故选D。
C篇
本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一只章鱼在睡觉时改变身体颜色的视频的相关情况。
28. A 细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句中的“dreaming of catching her next meal”可知，视频中的这只章鱼正在睡觉。故选A。
29. C 段落大意题。根据第三段内容可知，Scheel分析了章鱼Heidi在睡觉时会改变自己身体颜色的原因。由此可推知，第三段介绍了Scheel对Heidi的梦的内容的猜测。故选C。
30. D 推理判断题。根据最后一段第一句“The hour-long documentary, which tracks Scheel’s developing relationship with the octopus, also shows Heidi’s other skills.”可知，这部纪录片记录了Scheel和章鱼Heidi的关系的发展以及Heidi的其他技能。由此可推知，它是关于一只章鱼及其主人的纪录片。故选D。
31. C 标题概括题。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了一只章鱼在睡觉时会改变身体颜色的视频的相关情况。C项“一只章鱼在睡觉时改变自己身体的颜色”概括了文章大意，是最适合本文的标题。故选C。
D篇
本文是一篇说明文。为了减少对森林的砍伐，研究人员开始在实验室内用生物材料培育家具，这样对于环保将大有裨益。
32. C 推理判断题。根据第一段内容尤其是第四句中的“but now researchers have found a better way: growing it in a lab instead of a forest”可知，但是现在研究人员找出了一种更好的方法，即在实验室里培育家具而不是砍伐森林。由此可推知，作者对培育家具是赞同的，并认为它可能会有着光明的未来。故选C。
33. C 词义猜测题。根据第三段第二、三句“ ‘The way we get these materials hasn’t changed in centuries and is very inefficient,’ said Velásquez-García. ‘This is a real chance to avoid all that inefficiency.’”可知，Velásquez-García表示，我们获取这些材料的方式几个世纪以来都没有改变，而且效率非常低，这是一个避免所有低效率的真正机会。由此可知，画线词所在句表示用生物材料和其他物品制造家具可以杜绝砍伐森林中的树木。由此可推知，画线词意为“清除，根除”，与C项意思相近。故选C。
34. B 目的意图题。根据倒数第二段最后一句“I wanted to find a more efficient way to use land and resources so that we could let more farmlands remain wild, or to remain lower production but allow for greater biodiversity.”可知，Beckwith说她想找到一种更有效的方式来使用土地和资源，以便人们可以让更多的耕地保持野生状态，或者保持较低的产量，但要考虑让这些耕地有更丰富的生物多样性。由此可推知，Beckwith在室内培育家具的目的是保持生物多样性。故选B。
35. A 细节理解题。根据最后一段第二句“When new biomaterials become readily available, forests will lose their economic value and will be preserved for their environmental, health, and recreational value.”可知，当新的生物材料变得容易获得时，森林将失去其经济价值，并将因其环境、健康和娱乐价值而得到保护。由此可知，保护森林的关键是使新的生物材料得到广泛使用。故选A。
第二节
本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了夏季雨水过多的时候，人们如何在花园里进行排水和种植植物。
36. C 上文讲今年夏天不寻常的天气破坏了美国的许多花园。对于许多人来说，问题就是积水太多；下文讲你还想在阳光明媚的地方种植西红柿、玫瑰吗？这是可以做到的。C项“你想你的花园不被破坏吗”承上启下，符合语境。故选C。
37. E 上文讲想象一个花园，那里平坦的石头沿着沟渠排列，沟渠和小路之间架起桥梁。E项“整个系统可以是一处美丽的‘水景’”承接上文，符合语境。故选E。
38. G 此处是本段的主题句。本段主要介绍了在地下埋置带有小孔的管道来排水这一方法。G项“另一种方法是在地下埋置带有小孔的管道”统领全段，符合语境。故选G。
39. A 本段主要介绍了在地下埋置带有小孔的管道来排水。上文讲在管道上裹一层可以让水通过的织物，以阻隔灰尘和小石块进入。A项“然后盖上土壤”承接上文，符合语境。故选A。
40. F 上文讲苗床需要足够宽，以便让植物根系蔓延；下文讲如果你想要一棵更大的植物，那就要给它的根提供更多的生长空间。F项“宽度取决于植株最终生长的规模”承上启下，符合语境。故选F。
第三部分 语言知识运用
第一节
本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了身患癫痫病的男孩Parker和收容所里的一只流浪狗的感人故事。
41. B 考查副词辨析。根据上文“The epilepsy (癫痫) changed Parker’s life completely.”、下文中的“He no longer could attend public school”及语境可知，Parker的癫痫几乎每天（daily）都会突然发作。故选B。
42. C 考查形容词辨析。根据上文中的“He no longer could attend public school”及语境可知，Parker不能再上公立学校了，他与朋友在一起的时间是有限的（limited）。故选C。
43. B 考查形容词辨析。根据下文“Parker’s mother, Mandy, recalls a thin, hyper (亢奋的), dirty dog.”可知，Parker的妈妈Mandy回忆说当时的Toby是一条瘦小的、既亢奋又脏兮兮的狗狗。由此可推知，起初这只黄色的狗狗看起来不够好（good）。故选B。
44. D 考查名词辨析。根据上文中的“Labrador Retriever Rescue of Fresno”以及倒数第二段中的“a homeless dog”可知，Toby曾经是一只流浪狗，因此应该是被弗雷斯诺拉布拉多猎犬救援组织从当地的一家收容所（shelter）带过来的。故选D。
45. C 考查形容词辨析。根据上文中的“a thin, hyper (亢奋的), dirty dog”可知，Parker的妈妈对Toby的印象不好，因此可以推断出，Parker的妈妈坚信（convinced）Toby不会成为他们家的狗狗。故选C。
46. A 考查动词辨析。根据下文“And so Toby joined the family.”及语境可知，但是Parker想要（wanted）Toby，所以Toby加入了他们的家庭。故选A。
47. A 考查动词辨析。根据下文中的“his boy’s seizures before they happened”及语境可知，Toby自学了如何能够预先察觉（detect）Parker的癫痫发作。故选A。
48. C 考查动词辨析。根据下文“Mandy called a _____ for advice, worried about this strange, irregular _____.”及语境可知，在Toby第一次尝试帮忙的时候，这有点吓到（frightened）了Mandy。故选C。
49. A 考查名词辨析。根据下文中的“for advice”及语境可知，针对Toby奇怪又不正常的行为，Mandy打电话给一位训练师（trainer），咨询他的建议。故选A。
50. B 考查名词辨析。根据上文“He was jumping on Parker, and biting lightly his mother’s hands.”及语境可知，Toby跳到Parker的身上并且轻咬Mandy的手。由此可推知，Mandy很担心Toby奇怪又不正常的行为（behavior）。故选B。
51. C 考查动词辨析。根据上文“Then Parker had a seizure.”可知，原来Toby尝试不让Parker站起来是因为它察觉（sense）到了Parker的癫痫即将发作。故选C。
52. B 考查动词辨析。根据语境可知，Toby察觉到了Parker的癫痫即将发作，所以它轻咬Mandy的手，尝试提醒（warn）Mandy。故选B。
53. D 考查名词辨析。根据上文中的“fetch emergency seizure”及语境可知，Toby还学会了如何帮助Parker去拿急救药物（medicine）。故选D。
54. D 考查动词短语辨析。根据上文中的“run to get Parker’s mom when a seizure is”及语境可知，在Parker的癫痫即将发作（coming on）之前，Toby会跑去找Parker的妈妈。故选D。
55. A 考查动词辨析。根据上文中的“Toby was trying not to let Parker get up”可知，此处表示如果Parker在癫痫即将发作前正在坐着，Toby就会坐在（sits）他身上，不让他站起来。故选A。
56. A 考查动词短语辨析。根据语境可知，如果Parker在癫痫即将发作前正在坐着，Toby就会坐在他身上，不让他站起来（stand up）。故选A。
57. D 考查形容词辨析。根据上文中的“Toby helps him feel safe”及语境可知，此处表示Parker说Toby使他觉得安全而且安心（secure）。故选D。
58. A 考查名词辨析。根据下文中的“to be more independent”及语境可知，Toby给了Parker变得更加独立的自信（confidence）。故选A。
59. D 考查副词辨析。根据语境可知，Parker终于（finally）能够独自在自己的房间里睡觉了。故选D。
60. C 考查名词辨析。根据下文“He went from being a homeless dog, to rescue, to the most important part of my medical team.”可知，Toby从一只流浪狗变成了救援犬，现在是“我”的医疗团队中重要的成员。由此可推知，Toby的生活（life）发生了改变。故选C。
第二节
本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了中国被世卫组织认证为无疟疾国家。
61. reported 考查动词的时态。分析句子结构可知，此处为谓语动词。根据时间状语“In the 1940s”可知，此处应用一般过去时。故填reported。
62. recognized 考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，本句已有谓语，空处应用非谓语动词；“China is officially malaria free”这件事与动词recognize之间是动宾关系，表示“被认可的”，因此应用过去分词形式。故填recognized。
63. for 考查介词。此处表示至少连续三年在全国范围内没有疟疾的国家。此处应用for，与一段时间连用。故填for。
64. that/which 考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，空处引导定语从句，先行词是“monitoring and reacting systems”，指物，且从句中缺少主语，应用that或which引导该从句。故填that/which。
65. locally 考查词性转换。此处应用副词修饰动词“infected”。故填locally。
66. have been given 考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。分析句子结构可知，此处为谓语动词。根据“so far”可知，此处应用现在完成时；且主语“Forty countries and regions”与动词give之间是被动关系，应用被动语态；主语为复数，谓语动词也应用复数形式。故填have been given。
67. powerful 考查词性转换。此处应用形容词修饰名词短语“anti-malaria drug”。故填powerful。
68. The 考查冠词。此处应用定冠词特指上文提到的“青蒿素的发现”。故填The。注意首字母大写。
69. to think 考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，此处应用动词不定式作“China’s ability”的定语。故填to think。
70. response 考查词性转换。分析句子结构可知，“its own”后应用名词形式。故填response。
第四部分 写作
第一节 短文改错
第一处（第一句）：were改为are。此处陈述客观事实，应用一般现在时。故将were改为are。
第二处（第一句）：what改为which。此处考查“介词＋关系代词”引导的非限制性定语从句，先行词是表示物的books，故将what改为which。
第三处（第二句）：and改为but。此处是“not only...but (also)...”结构。故将and改为but。
第四处（第二句）：enable改为enabling。此处是现在分词短语作结果状语，enable与Reading之间是逻辑上的主谓关系，因此应用现在分词。故将enable改为enabling。
第五处（第三句）：Beside改为Besides。beside是介词，表示“在旁边”。此处表示“此外”，应用副词Besides。故将Beside改为Besides。
第六处（第三句）：pleasures改为pleasure。pleasure表示“愉快，快乐，满足”时是不可数名词。故将pleasures改为pleasure。
第七处（第四句）：you改为us。文章是以第一人称来行文的，且上下文中的“we”“us”等也表明此处应用us。故将you改为us。
第八处（第五句）：删掉can或将can改为should。require“要求”后的宾语从句中用虚拟语气，从句谓语动词用“should+动词原形”，其中should可省略。故删掉can或将can改为should。
第九处（第六句）：在are和great之间加上of。此处考查“be of+名词”结构，相当于“be+形容词”。故在are和great之间加上of。
第十处（第七句）：a改为the。get into the habit of“养成……的习惯”，是固定搭配。故将a改为the。
第二节
参考范文：
An excellent drama is to be held in our school’s stadium at 7 pm this Friday evening.
The drama is based on the famous folk story “The Old Fool who Moved the Mountains”. The story goes that there were two large mountains—Taihang Mountain and Wangwu Mountain, which sat in front of an old man Yu’s house. Because the mountains blocked the way, Yu attempted to move them with his family. He determinedly dug a small amount every day. Although others laughed at his behavior, he never gave up. With perseverance, he eventually managed to move these mountains.
Do come, everybody! You will have an unforgettable time with such a classic story.
听力材料
Text 1
W: Dick, if you can finish your homework before 6:00, I will take you to the cinema.
M: I’m sure I can. But I’d like to go to the park to play football.
W: OK. But you must return home before 8:00.
Text 2
W: Oh, dear. I can’t find my necklace now. I remember I put it in the sitting room.
M: It is in the bedroom. You left it here when our daughter called you to the kitchen.
Text 3
M: Henry had never expected he would be awarded a holiday abroad. That’s awesome.
W: Work hard and you will have the luck. Our boss has always been friendly and generous to hard-working workers.
Text 4
M: Hey, Emily. We’re going to Susie Q’s Restaurant for lunch. Do you want to come along
W: Sorry, I can’t. I have to type the document for Scott. He’s having a dentist appointment.
Text 5
W: Did you watch that comedy special on TV last night I don’t think I ever laughed so hard.
M: Don’t even talk to me about it. The only night I really wanted to watch something and we had a power failure in my building.
Text 6
W: Hi, Mike. Do you have any plans for the weekend I have an extra ticket for the Dawson Trio’s live performance at Capital Stadium. Would you like to join me
M: I don’t know if I can. My parents are coming to town this weekend, so I need to spend time with them.
W: Well, if they like jazz, they might enjoy the show as well. Why don’t you go to the band’s website and see if there are more tickets available Their shows often sell out, but you might be lucky.
M: All right, I’ll do that this evening. Thanks for the information.
Text 7
M: Can I help you
W: Yes. I’d like to move to another room, if possible.
M: Of course. Is there anything wrong with your room, madam
W: Yes. It faces the street, so it’s pretty noisy.
M: I see. Let me check. Yes, I can move you to a room on the opposite side. That should be much quieter. But there’s no sunshine getting in, so it’s a little dark.
W: OK. And is it a non-smoking room
M: I’m sorry, but it’s not. All of them are occupied at the moment.
W: That’s too bad. I hate the smell of smoke. But at least it will be quieter.
Text 8
M: Good afternoon. Can I help you with anything
W: Yeah. Can I look at this ring
M: Sure. Let me get it out for you. What is your size
W: I believe I’m a six. But I’m not choosing for myself. My mom’s birthday is coming, and one of my friends suggested I send her some jewelry. She is a seven.
M: I see. Here you go.
W: Do you have any necklace that would go well with this
M: Actually, we have many to choose from. They are over there.
W: This necklace is a little short. Do you have one that is longer
M: Yes. Why don’t you try this one on
W: This one is much better. Can I try on the ring with this necklace
M: Sure. Here you go.
W: If you don’t mind me asking, how much do they cost
M: The ring is $1,500. But the necklace ranges from $600 to $3,000, which mainly depends on its quality. Of course its size and length also count.
Text 9
M: Next week, there will be an annual folk festival. A lot of programs will be showed then. Will you come
W: Er, what programs are there this year
M: There will be a free art exhibition on Monday. It will be held in the Art School, and I’ve heard that most of the works on the show are painted by the students in our town.
W: Really I will go and see. Well, what else is on the program
M: There are several traditional programs every year, such as ballet performance. But it is a little different from that of last year. This year there will be two performances at the theater, the first on Tuesday at 6:00 pm and the second on Thursday at the same time. This program is so popular that the audience need to book the tickets in advance.
W: Oh, I saw it last year. There were so many people at the theater that I could hardly see the dancer. Are there any other particular new programs
M: Er, yes, there will be a mask party. It will be held on Friday evening. Everyone is welcome, but every participant should be dressed in fancy dress.
W: That’s funny. Where will it be held
M: It was planned to be held in the piazza (广场), but now it has been changed to the concert hall.
W: Great. I will go. Er, are there any living theaters
M: Yes, The Little Prince will be held on Wednesday. It is also at the theater. You can go to see it from 2:00 pm to 4:30 pm or 6:30 pm to 9:00 pm.
W: How much will the ticket cost
M: Well, the ticket costs $10 for adults, $8 for students and seniors, and $15 for a family.
W: Excellent. I will go with my family.
Text 10
M: Hello, this is Principal Johnson with the morning announcements. Our usual reader Timmy is out sick today, so I’m reading in his place. I hope you’ve all had a great start to the week! This Monday has started out warm and sunny, so let’s hope it stays that way. I know we’ve had some strange weather in the last few weeks. We have just one month of school left before summer break, so make sure you’ve turned in all of your homework. The last day to turn in an assignment is Friday, May 20th. The last boys’ baseball game will be held at 6:00 pm this Wednesday. Please show up to support the team! If you’ve had problems using the computers in the library, they should be fixed by Thursday. We’re sorry for any trouble this may have caused. This evening, the girls’ softball team will be playing their last game, and over the weekend, the basketball team is playing McKinney School on Saturday afternoon. That’s it for the morning announcements. I hope everyone has a great Monday!
